EP3080513B1 - Dispositif d'éclairage de véhicule automobile - Google Patents

Dispositif d'éclairage de véhicule automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3080513B1
EP3080513B1 EP14803099.2A EP14803099A EP3080513B1 EP 3080513 B1 EP3080513 B1 EP 3080513B1 EP 14803099 A EP14803099 A EP 14803099A EP 3080513 B1 EP3080513 B1 EP 3080513B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
light guide
lighting device
guides
motor vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14803099.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3080513A1 (fr
Inventor
Henning Hogrefe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Marelli Automotive Lighting Reutlingen Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
Automotive Lighting Reutlingen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Automotive Lighting Reutlingen GmbH filed Critical Automotive Lighting Reutlingen GmbH
Publication of EP3080513A1 publication Critical patent/EP3080513A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3080513B1 publication Critical patent/EP3080513B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S43/235—Light guides
    • F21S43/242—Light guides characterised by the emission area
    • F21S43/243—Light guides characterised by the emission area emitting light from one or more of its extremities
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/147—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being angled to the optical axis of the illuminating device
    • F21S41/148—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being angled to the optical axis of the illuminating device the main emission direction of the LED being perpendicular to the optical axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/24—Light guides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S43/235—Light guides
    • F21S43/236—Light guides characterised by the shape of the light guide
    • F21S43/239—Light guides characterised by the shape of the light guide plate-shaped

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a motor vehicle lighting device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a motor vehicle lighting device with at least one plate-shaped, flat light guide is from the DE 198 03 987 A1 and from the GB 2 274 158 known. From the US 2006/0087861 A1 a headlight with a multi-armed light guide is known. Each arm is fed with light by its own light emitting diode. The arms come together to form a common light exit surface.
  • a motor vehicle lighting device with at least one plate-shaped, flat light guide is from the DE 10 2011 089 481 A1 known.
  • the light guide described therein has a first light guide surface, a second light guide surface opposite the first light guide surface, and narrow sides connecting an edge of the first light guide surface and an edge of the second light guide surface and the first light guide surface to the second light guide surface.
  • a first area of the narrow sides is designed as a light exit surface
  • a second area of the narrow sides is designed as a reflector.
  • the light guide furthermore has a reflection surface, the reflection surface being a recess in one of the two light guide surfaces which extends into the light guide up to a certain depth.
  • a light source is arranged such that light emanating from it illuminates the reflection surface and is reflected radially by it. Light incident on the reflector from this radially reflected light is deflected twice there. The direction of the incident light is reversed during the deflection so that the further path of the deflected light leads through between the reflection surface and the opposite light guide surface.
  • This light guide uses the coupled light very efficiently for homogeneous illumination of the Light exit surface.
  • the light guide described has narrow, strip-like, longitudinally extended light exit surfaces. The ratio of width to height is large with these light exit surfaces.
  • a plate-shaped light guide into which a light source arranged below the light guide couples light.
  • the light strikes a reflective surface which is arranged within the light guide and which radially reflects the incident light.
  • the radially reflected light partially strikes a reflector, which is a region of a narrow side of the light guide.
  • the curved shape of the reflector directs the light in the direction of the light exit surface.
  • the height of the light exit surface is determined by the height of the light guide.
  • Light that starts at the reflective surface and hits the reflector near the apex is only directed to the light exit surface with losses. The losses are caused by the fact that this light partly hits the reflection surface again and is reflected on it or emerges from the light guide through it with refraction.
  • the light guide has a circular recess, in the center of which a light source is arranged. Light emanating from the light source is coupled into the light guide via the interfaces of the recess.
  • One area of the narrow side of the light guide is designed as a reflector.
  • the reflector is shaped in such a way that light falling on it is directed towards a light exit surface.
  • the reflector has a parabolic or elliptical shape.
  • the disadvantage here is that light which strikes the reflector in the vicinity of an apex is reflected back to the circular recess and thus does not reach the light exit surface or only partially reaches it. This is therefore not illuminated homogeneously, i.e. with the same brightness regardless of location.
  • the height of the light exit surface is also determined by the height of the light guide plate. As a result, the light exit surface is strip-like.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a lighting device of the type mentioned above, in which a large exit surface is homogeneously illuminated by means of efficient light guides and which can generate a rule-compliant light distribution with an illuminance profile corresponding to a rule-compliant light distribution.
  • the object is achieved by a motor vehicle headlight with the features of claim 1.
  • the respective flat, elongated light exit surfaces of the plurality of light guides form a large common exit surface.
  • that of the plurality of light guides, the light exit surface of which is arranged near a reference axis characterizing the lighting device is set up to concentrate the light coupled into it so that a light distribution generated by the lighting device has a maximum brightness in front of the lighting device.
  • the reference axis is expediently chosen such that it lies parallel to a main light exit direction of the lighting device.
  • the optical axis of these imaging optics is often chosen as the reference axis.
  • At least one of the several plate-like light guides has a reflective surface, wherein the reflective surface is a rotationally symmetrical recess in one of the two light guide surfaces, which extends to a certain depth into the light guide and wherein the at least one light source is so is arranged that its light is coupled into the light guide via the light guide surface opposite the recess and falls on the reflection surface, the reflection surface being configured to radially reflect light incident on it so that the rays propagate at flat angles in the light guide and Depending on the direction of the radial reflection, the light guide either directs them directly to the exit surface or is first deflected by the reflector on the narrow side, in order to then also be directed to the exit surface.
  • the reflection takes place, for example, on a prism-like reflector, a so-called roof edge reflector, in such a way that light incident on it is deflected twice and the direction of the incident light is reversed during deflection so that the further path of the deflected light between the Recess and the opposite light guide surface leads through.
  • Light guides designed in this way use the light coupled into them particularly effectively to illuminate their light exit surface.
  • imaging optics are set up and arranged to direct light exiting through the light exit surfaces into the area in front of the lighting device, and the light exit surfaces of the light guides are arranged in an area near the object-side focal surface of the imaging optics, in particular an imaging lens. It is preferably provided that the light exit surfaces of one or more light guides are arranged at a distance of up to a few millimeters from this focal surface. As a result, this light exit surface is not mapped sharply into the resulting light distribution. In the case of the blurred image, bundles of rays emanating from different light exit surfaces are superimposed so that the viewer has the impression of a large and uniformly illuminated exit surface.
  • At least one of the light guides touching in the transition area is set up to allow light propagating in it to emerge in such a way that it can be combined with the light coming from an adjacent light guide is partially mixed.
  • the mixing of the beam paths is achieved by suitable measures.
  • the contact surfaces of the relevant light guides are locally connected to one another in a light-conducting manner, so that light passes from one light guide into the other light guide in the transition area near the light exit surface.
  • At least one of the plurality of light guides has structures in partial areas of its light exit surface or in partial areas that are close to its light exit surface which are suitable for scattering the light propagating in the light guide.
  • the scattered light of the individual light guides is superimposed in the transition area near the light exit surfaces, so that the individual light exit surfaces appear together like a large, homogeneously luminous exit surface.
  • the light exit surface of at least one of the plurality of light guides arranged in a stack is arranged below the reference axis of the lighting device.
  • the light emanating from this light exit surface is imaged by the imaging optics in the area in front of the lighting device above the reference axis. This creates a light distribution that is illuminated above a central horizontal. In this way, for example, a high beam distribution is generated.
  • a diaphragm is arranged between the light exit surfaces and the imaging optics.
  • the aperture is fixed or movable.
  • the diaphragm has a diaphragm edge which lies in the object-side focal surface of the imaging optics or can be moved into it, so that the diaphragm completely or partially covers light exit surfaces that are arranged below the optical axis of the imaging optics.
  • the screen edge is imaged by the imaging optics as a light-dark boundary in the area in front of the lighting device. In this way, for example, a low beam distribution can be generated.
  • a further preferred embodiment provides that the light exit surface of at least one of the plurality of light guides is arranged in the object-side focal surface of the imaging optics. This light exit surface is then imaged sharply in the area in front of the motor vehicle, so that the edge of the first light guide surface or the edge of the second light guide surface serves as a light / dark boundary.
  • a fixed diaphragm is arranged between the light exit surfaces and the imaging optics.
  • the fixed screen delimits the light exit surfaces of all of the stack-like light guides in a window-like manner in order to produce a desired appearance of the entire exit surface.
  • partial areas of the light guides or their light exit surfaces that should not be visible are covered by the screen.
  • the fixed bezel can be used together with the movable bezel.
  • the first light guide surface and / or the second light guide surface enclose an angle with the light exit surface that is not a right angle. It is also preferred that the first light guide surface and / or the second light guide surface at least over a portion of their longitudinal extension have an angle other than zero degrees so that the thickness of the plate-shaped light guide changes uniformly in the direction of the exit surface.
  • either the light exit surface preferably deviates from a vertical position, or one of the two light guide surfaces or both light guide surfaces deviates from a horizontal position.
  • the light exit surface of all or individual light guides can deviate from the vertical position. Depending on the combination, different lighting effects can be achieved. A few of them are listed and described here without the list being intended to be exhaustive.
  • the emerging light is directed downwards with respect to the horizontal. Tilting the light exit surface above in the light exit direction leads out of the vertical to deflect the emerging light upwards with respect to the horizontal.
  • Tilting one or both of the light guide surfaces in such a way that the light guide tapers in vertical planes (y-z planes) towards the light exit surface causes the beam to widen.
  • the widening can take place in such a way that the bundles of rays of the individual light guides are already superimposed in the transition area or only occur after they have passed through the light exit surfaces.
  • a tilting of one or both light guide surfaces which occurs in such a way that the light guide expands in vertical planes (y-z planes) towards the light exit surface, results in the opening angle of the beam being reduced.
  • Another embodiment provides that the multiple light guides are arranged inclined to one another, so that their light exit surfaces are arranged radially around a horizontally lying axis.
  • the light bundles emerging from the individual light exit surfaces are aligned with respect to their position in relation to the overall light distribution, and on the other hand, space is gained in the area of the light entry ends of the individual light guides to arrange heat sinks or the like, for example.
  • a light entry end of at least one of the plurality of light guides is angled at an angle with respect to the reference axis with respect to the transition region near the light exit surface.
  • the angle is preferably 90 °.
  • At least one of the light guides is designed step-like in the direction of the reference axis.
  • the light is deflected into another plane.
  • the step-like shape of the light guide (s) facilitates installation in existing housings.
  • the light guide is curved in its extension along the reference axis.
  • At least one of the light guides is curved in its horizontal extent along an axis that is transverse to the reference axis and, when used as intended, horizontally. As a result, greater freedom is achieved for the design of the light exit surface.
  • the light sources can be controlled separately from one another and / or emit light of different colors and / or different intensities in order to realize different light or lamp functions with the same common exit surface.
  • At least one of the plurality of light guides has structures on which the light is directed in desired directions.
  • the structures are, for example, interfaces of recesses in the light guide at which total internal reflections take place, and / or it is the narrow sides that delimit the light guide. Total internal reflection of the incident light also takes place on these surfaces.
  • the surfaces are shaped so that the reflected light is directed in the desired directions.
  • the recesses form so-called air lenses. With these air lenses, the light propagating in the light guide passes through the recess in the light guide. When passing through the interface, the light is refracted in the desired direction.
  • a preferred embodiment provides, in addition to the light exit surfaces of the stack-like arranged light guides, further light exit surfaces are arranged in such a way that their light exit surfaces are arranged in such a way that their light exit surfaces are at the same height with respect to an axis perpendicular to the reference axis and when used as intended as at least one light exit surface of the stack arranged light guide.
  • These adjacent light exit surfaces are, for example, the light exit surfaces of preferably plate-shaped light guides which are arranged in the same horizontal plane as one of the light guides arranged in a stack.
  • one of the stack-like arranged light guides is extended further in the horizontal direction than the light guide arranged, for example, directly adjacent above it. Areas of the first, upper light guide surface that are not covered by the light guide arranged above have a height with respect to the y-axis that is greater than the height of the second, lower light guide surface of the light guide arranged above.
  • the light guide arranged above is embedded in the light guide arranged below. Lateral areas of the light exit surface of the surrounding, here the lower light guide, are designed in such a way that, viewed in the horizontal, they are arranged next to the light exit surface of the embedded light guide.
  • a light guide arranged below is embedded in the adjacent light guide arranged above, so that the light exit surface of the embedded light guide is surrounded at the top and to the side by the light exit surface of the light guide adjacent above.
  • Light exit surfaces designed and arranged in this way allow a flexible, common exit surface.
  • a further embodiment provides that at least one of the plurality of light guides arranged in a stack with light from a plurality of light sources is fed.
  • Several light sources the light of which is coupled into the same light guide, increase the intensity of the light distribution generated by the light guide.
  • each light guide is fed with light from at least one light source.
  • the entire exit area, composed of the light exit areas of the individual plate-like light guides, is efficiently and homogeneously illuminated.
  • Figure 1 shows a plate-shaped, flat light guide 10 according to the prior art.
  • the light guide 10 is delimited by a first light guide surface 12, a second light guide surface 14 opposite the first light guide surface and narrow sides 20 between an edge 16 of the first light guide surface 12 and an edge 18 of the second light guide surface 14 and connecting the first light guide surface 12 to the second light guide surface 14 .
  • the dimensions of the first light guide surface 12 and the second light guide surface 14 in relation to the dimensions of the narrow sides 20 shape the appearance of the light guide 10 as a light guide plate.
  • a first area of the narrow sides 20 is designed as a light exit surface 22.
  • the light exit surface 22 is strip-shaped and elongated.
  • a length of the light exit surface is large compared to its width (height). This means here that the length (in the x direction) is at least five times the width (height) (in the y direction).
  • a second area of the narrow sides 20 is designed as a reflector 26.
  • the light guide 10 has a reflection surface 24.
  • the reflective surface 24 is designed as a recess tapering from the outside to the inside in one of the two light guide surfaces 12 or 14.
  • the one in the Figure 1 The light guide 10 shown, the recess in the first light guide surface 12 is arranged between the light exit surface 22 and the reflector 26 and extends into the light guide 10 to a certain depth.
  • a light source 34 is arranged opposite the tip of the recess on the second light guide surface in such a way that light emanating from it illuminates the reflection surface 24 and is reflected radially by it. Light incident on reflector 26 from this radially reflected light is there in the direction of the light exit surface 22 deflected.
  • the reflection surface 24 is specially shaped in such a way that light emanating from the light source 34 is reflected essentially radially to the side, but not uniformly in all directions. It is thus possible, for example, to illuminate certain areas of the reflector 26 and / or the light exit surface 22 to a greater extent.
  • the light source 34 is arranged outside of the light guide 10 at a small distance therefrom.
  • the light source 34 is generally designed as a light-emitting diode (LED) and is arranged on a carrier element 36, so that its main direction of radiation is opposite to the y-axis direction of an imaginary coordinate system and points to the light guide surfaces.
  • the z-axis of the coordinate system points in the main emission direction of the light guide 10 and thus, when the light guide is used as intended in a motor vehicle lighting device, in an area in front of the motor vehicle.
  • the z-axis is identical to a reference axis that is to be defined by the manufacturer of the lighting device.
  • the reference axis serves as the reference direction for the rule-compliant light distribution.
  • the optical axis of these imaging optics is often chosen as the reference axis.
  • the longitudinal extension of the strip-shaped light exit surface is parallel to the x-axis of the coordinate system.
  • the x-axis runs parallel to the horizon and is therefore also referred to below as the horizontal, the y-axis being understood as the vertical.
  • the imaginary coordinate system retains its orientation in all subsequent figures.
  • the Figure 2 shows, inter alia, a different configuration of the light guide 10.
  • the reflection surface 24 is a recess in the second light guide surface 14.
  • the light source 34 is opposite on the first light guide surface 12 arranged so that its main emission direction is parallel to the y-axis of the imaginary coordinate system.
  • the terms “first light guide surface 12” and “second light guide surface 14” are not associated with a position of the reflection surface 24 or the associated light source 34, but with the orientation of the light guide 10 in space.
  • the first light guide surface 12 is followed by the second light guide surface 14. This means that the first light guide surface 12 can also be referred to as the upper light guide surface 12 and the second light guide surface 14 as the lower light guide surface 14.
  • the mode of operation of the light guide 10 is as follows: Light emanating from the light source 34 passes through the upper light guide surface 12 into the light guide 10. A portion of the incoming light strikes the reflection surface 24 and is deflected radially on this so that the rays are now predominantly under at flat angles, that is to say almost parallel to the light guide surfaces 12, 14 of the light guide 10 in the light guide 10. Part of the incident light is deflected in the direction of the light exit surface 22, while another portion of the incoming light is deflected in the direction of the reflector 26.
  • the reflector 26 of the light guide 10 in the Figure 2 for example designed as a roof edge reflector.
  • the roof edge reflector deflects the light falling on it twice.
  • the reflector 26 is designed in such a way that the direction of light is reversed during the deflection and that the further path of the deflected light, offset parallel to the path of the incident light, passes between the depression of the reflection surface 24 and the light guide surface 12 lying opposite the depression leads. An effective, homogeneous illumination of the light exit surface 22 is thus achieved.
  • the first light guide surface 12 and the second light guide surface 14 transport the light by means of total internal reflection (TIR) in the direction of the light exit surface 22.
  • TIR total internal reflection
  • Figure 2 shows a motor vehicle lighting device 38 according to the invention.
  • a housing 40 the light exit opening of which is covered with a transparent cover plate 42
  • several, here three, light guides 10.1 to 10.3 are arranged in a stack.
  • the arrangement of the light guides 10.1 to 10.3 is such that a first light guide surface 12 of one of the multiple light guides 10 is adjacent to the second light guide surface 14 of the adjacent light guide 10. At least in a transition region 44 near the light exit surfaces 22, adjacent light guides 10 touch.
  • Each of the multiple light guides 10 is assigned a light source 34, the main direction of which is opposite to the y-axis of the imaginary coordinate system.
  • the motor vehicle lighting device 38 has imaging optics.
  • the imaging optics are preferably an imaging lens 46.
  • the imaging optics are arranged between the light exit surfaces 22 of the light guides 10 and the cover plate 42.
  • this is preferably designed as an aspherical, rotationally symmetrical lens, as is known from conventional projection systems.
  • the use of a cylindrical lens, a toric lens, a Fresnel lens or a lens system made up of several individual lenses is also conceivable.
  • the cylinder lens In the case of the cylinder lens, one or both of the refractive surfaces have the shape of a cylinder jacket segment. Therefore, the cylinder lens focuses parallel light incident on it onto a focal line instead of one Focal point as is the case with the aspherical or rotationally symmetrical lens.
  • the toric lens has two different refractive powers, or more generally, two different deflection properties, in two mutually perpendicular directions.
  • One of the lens surfaces has the shape of a surface section of a torus.
  • the imaging lens 46 is designed as a separate part. In another embodiment, which is not part of the invention, the imaging lens is part of the light guide 10. This can be achieved, for example, by appropriately shaped light exit surfaces 22.
  • the configurations and modes of operation of the lighting device 38 shown and described below can preferably be implemented with imaging optics, but are not limited to the presence of imaging optics 46.
  • each of the plurality of light guides 10 is essentially the same as above with reference to FIG Figure 1 or Figure 2 has been described. Due to the stack-like arrangement of the light guides 10, their light exit surfaces 22 are stacked one above the other, so that several strip-shaped and elongated light exit surfaces together form an exit surface 48 which has a smaller ratio of length to width than the individual strip-like light exit surface 22.
  • the beam paths in the individual light guides 10 do not run completely parallel to the first light guide surface 12 and the second light guide surface 14, and thus a certain overlap of the beam paths of the individual light guides 10 in the transition areas 44 in the vicinity of the light exit surface 22 takes place.
  • the imaging optics 46 are set up to image the common exit surface 48 formed by the individual light exit surfaces 22 in the area in front of the lighting device 38 and thus one for one Light function of a motor vehicle to generate rule-compliant light distribution in advance of the same.
  • the imaging optics 46 images the exit surface 48 upside down and in the wrong direction.
  • the imaging optics 46 are generally designed as lenses or lens systems that are more or less afflicted with imaging errors that increase as the distance from the optical axis z of the imaging optics 46 increases. For these reasons, there are various possibilities for the arrangement of the light exit surfaces 22 to one another and in relation to the imaging optics 46 and depending on the light function to be displayed by the lighting device 38.
  • an arrangement of the light guides 10 is suitable Figure 3 on.
  • the Figure 3 shows an arrangement of the light guides 10.1 to 10.3 corresponding to FIG Figure 2 .
  • another light guide 10.4 is arranged below the optical axis, here the z-axis, of the imaging optics.
  • the light source 34.4 assigned to the light guide 10.4 is arranged on the second light guide surface 14.4.
  • the recess of the first reflector 24.4 is arranged on the opposite first light guide surface 12.4.
  • the light source 34.4 thus radiates into the light guide 10.4 counter to the direction of the y-axis. It is also possible to arrange the light source 34.4 on the first light guide surface 12.4 so that it is opposite to the y-axis direction irradiates into the light guide 10.4.
  • the recess of the first reflector 24.4 is then to be arranged opposite in the second light guide surface 14.4.
  • the light exit surface 22.4 of the further light guide 10.4 lies below the optical axis and is therefore imaged by the imaging optics 46 in the area above the horizontal axis, so that, for example, a high beam distribution can be displayed by the further light guide 10.4.
  • the Figure 4 shows a stack-like arrangement of three light guides 10.1 to 10.3.
  • the first light guide 10.1 has a first light guide surface 12.1 and a second light guide surface 14.1, which are not parallel to each other, but are inclined here in the direction of the y-axis and thus cause a uniform tapering of the light guide 10.1 in the direction of the z-axis.
  • the tapering of the light guide reduces the vertical extent of the light exit surface, which makes it possible to generate a brightness maximum in a desired area of the light distribution.
  • the desired area is preferably the far zone of the light distribution.
  • the light bundle transported by total internal reflection on the inclined light guide surfaces is thereby expanded in the yz plane.
  • the undesired widening of the light bundles has the effect that part of the light exiting through the light exit surface 22 is not directed by the imaging lens 46 into the light distribution.
  • a light guide 10 is advantageous, which or the light exit surface 22 of which has the smallest possible vertical extent. This applies in particular to light guides which are arranged as close as possible to the reference axis z. This vertical extent can increase with increasing distance from the reference axis z.
  • the first light guide surface 12.1 and the second light guide surface 14.1 are inclined away from one another in the y-axis direction.
  • the light bundle reflected on them by total internal reflections is experienced in the yz plane a reduction in its opening angle.
  • a reduction in the opening angle of the light emanating from the light source 10.1 in the vertical direction is therefore achieved.
  • the tapering or reinforcement of the light guide plates 10 takes place as continuously as possible and the angles of inclination of the light guide surfaces are small. Thus, a loss of the incident light due to undesired exit through the light guide surfaces is largely avoided.
  • each light guide should have an approximately constant thickness over its entire extension.
  • the thickness of one of the multiple light guides 10 is the same or different from the thickness of another of the multiple light guides 10.
  • each of the light guides 10.1 to 10.3 has a thickness that is continuously increasing or decreasing in the z-axis direction.
  • the Figure 5 shows three light guides 10.1 to 10.3, which are stacked in such a way that the first light guide surface 12 of one of the multiple light guides 10 is adjacent to the second light guide surface 14 of the adjacent light guide 10 and only touch in a transition region 44 near the light exit surface 22.
  • the light entry ends 50 of the light guide plates 10 opposite the light exit surfaces 22 are further spaced from one another.
  • each of the multiple light guides 10 is designed to be angled.
  • the light entry end 50 of each light guide plate 10, on which the first reflector 24 and the first reflector 24 are arranged opposite the light source 34, is arranged bent at an angle ⁇ relative to the transition region 44. In the illustrated embodiment, the angle ⁇ is equal to 90 °.
  • the light source 34 radiates here against the z-axis direction into the associated light guide 10, a main light exit direction through the light exit surface 22 lying essentially in the z-axis direction. Since in the embodiment shown the extent of the light guides 10 in the direction of the z-axis is small compared to other exemplary embodiments, this allows a particularly compact design of the lighting device 38 in this direction.
  • FIG 7 a further embodiment of the stack-like arrangement of several light guides 10.1 to 10. 4 is shown.
  • the light guides 10.1 to 10 Of the light guides 10.1 to 10 4, only the transition areas 44 near the light exit surface 22 are shown.
  • the first light guide surface 12 of one of the plurality of light guides 10 is arranged adjacent to the second light guide surface 14 of the adjacent light guide 10.
  • Adjacent light guide plates 10 touch in the transition area 44 near the light exit surface 22.
  • the light guides are preferably welded or glued to one another or in optical contact with one another through an optical oil distributed between them, so that light passes from one light guide into the other light guide can.
  • At least one light source 34 is assigned to each of the light guide plates 10 in such a way that the respective light guide plate is fed with light from this light source.
  • the Figure 7 shows various design measures in the area of the light emission surfaces. These measures influence the homogeneity and / or the fine tuning of the light distribution and can be applied to all exemplary embodiments of the lighting device 38.
  • the first light guide plate 10.1 is arranged on the z-axis in such a way that the main emission direction through the light exit surface 22.1 lies in the direction of the z-axis.
  • the further light guide 10.4 is arranged along the y-axis below the first light guide plate 10. 1, so that the main emission direction lies below the z-axis due to its light exit surface 22.4.
  • the light exit surface 22.4 of the further light guide 10.4 and the light exit surface 22.1 of the first light guide 10.1 lie in the same plane perpendicular to the z-axis.
  • the light exit surface 22.2 of the second light guide 10.2 and the light exit surface 22.3 of the third light guide 10.3 are offset to the rear along the z-axis relative to the light exit surface 22.1 and the light exit surface 22.4.
  • the light exit surface 22.3 and part of the light exit surface 22.2 are inclined to the right against the z-axis direction.
  • a diaphragm 52 is arranged to be rotatable about an axis.
  • the diaphragm 52 is positioned such that a diaphragm edge 54 can be pivoted into the vicinity of the object-side focal surface of the imaging optics 46.
  • This first end position of the aperture 52 is in the Figure 4 represented by solid lines.
  • the diaphragm edge 54 is mapped in the first end position as a light-dark boundary in the light distribution in the area in front of the motor vehicle, so that it fulfills a rule-compliant low beam function.
  • a second end position 56 of the diaphragm 51, in which the diaphragm edge 54 is pivoted out of the main light exit direction and is therefore not imaged in the light distribution, is shown in FIG Figure 7 indicated by dashed lines.
  • the individual light exit surfaces 22 of the light guides 10 are arranged at different distances ⁇ z not equal to 0 from the object-side focal surface. This will make the Light exit surfaces 22 not shown in focus. A homogeneous light distribution is generated.
  • Another embodiment provides that all light exit surfaces 22 are arranged at the same distance ⁇ z from the object-side focal surface.
  • the light exit surface 22.3 of the third light guide 10.3 is designed for example from the vertical prism-like inclined to the right in the drawing. This ensures that the light emerges from this light exit surface 22.3 towards the optical axis z, as shown by the arrow 58. This achieves, on the one hand, that the position of a light bundle emerging from the third light exit surface 10.3 in relation to the position of the other light exit surfaces 22.2, 22.1. 22.4 exiting light beam is changed within limits.
  • the light emerging through the light exit surface 10.3 is directed in the direction of the reference axis z.
  • the light emerging from the third light guide 10.3 at least partially mixes with the light emerging from the other light guides 10.2, 10.1 and 10.4, and thus a homogeneous light distribution is generated.
  • the light exit surfaces 22 are shaped accordingly around the light exiting through them to direct and distribute accordingly.
  • the light guides 10 can have scattering profiles or scattering structures which are arranged on the light exit surface 22 or in a partial area of the light guide 10 near the light exit surface 22.
  • the Figure 8 shows the stack-like arranged light guides 10.1 and 10.2 of the lighting device 38 in a view from below.
  • the first light guide surface 22.1 of the plate-shaped, flat first light guide 10.1 and the first light guide surface 22.2 of the second light guide 10.2 arranged above it in the viewing direction from below are shown.
  • the first light guide 10.1 in particular its reflector 26.1, is designed so that the light emanating from the light source 34.1 assigned to it is focused towards the optical axis z of the exit optics 46.
  • the second light guide 10.2 or its reflector 26.2, which is partially covered by the first light guide 10.1, is designed in such a way that light emanating from the light source assigned to the second light guide 10.2, which is covered by the first light guide 10.1 in the figure, is in the plane of the drawing, here the xz plane, is parallelized. Accordingly, the light exit surface 22.1 of the first light guide 10.1 compared to the light exit surface 22.2 of the second light guide 10.2 has a smaller longitudinal extent in the x direction
  • the first light guide 10.1 is, as it were, embedded in the second light guide 10.2. It is preferred that the light exit surfaces 22.2 of the second light guide 10.2 are arranged horizontally next to the light exit surface 22.1 of the first light guide 10.1.
  • Configurations of the lighting device 38 are also conceivable which, in addition to the multiple light guides 10 arranged in a stack, are arranged such that the first light guide surface 12 of one of the multiple light guides 10 is adjacent to the second light guide surface 14 of the adjacent light guide 10 and is close in a transition region 44 of the light exit surfaces 22 touch, have further plate-shaped light guides 10 which are arranged such that their first light guide surface 12 and / or second light guide surface 14 are at the same height with respect to the y-axis, like one of the light guide surfaces 12 or 14 of the stacked light guides 10. It follows that the light exit areas 22 of the further light guides are arranged in the x direction next to the light exit area 22 of one or more of the stacked light guides 10.
  • the light guides 10 used in the configurations described above can have structures which direct the light propagating in the light guide 10. Such a light guide 10 is in the Figure 9 shown.
  • the first light guide surface 12 lies in the plane of the drawing.
  • the light guide 10 has a centrally arranged lens implemented in the form of a recess 60 and individual deflection sections 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, which are implemented in particular as inner reflection sections.
  • the central recess has two refractive boundary surfaces 61, so that the recess acts like a diverging lens which focuses the radially divergent incident light rays in the direction of the optical axis.
  • the central recess 60 is designed to act like a converging lens with its refractive boundary surfaces 61.
  • the deflection sections are partially defined by outer contours 62, 64 of the narrow sides 20 of the light guide 10.
  • the arrangement of the deflecting sections is preferably symmetrical to the optical axis z, which passes through the center point of the light exit surface 22 and the second reflection surface 26.
  • the deflecting sections 66, 68, 70 and 72 located within the light guide 10 are implemented as boundary surfaces of recesses in the light guide material and are positioned, shaped and oriented in such a way that they capture as many partial light bundles as possible. The captured partial light bundles are focused and aligned.
  • the outer reflector 26 partially illuminates the inner deflecting surfaces and otherwise provides for the illumination of the lateral edge areas of the light distribution, in which the intensity gradually decreases from the inside out.
  • the different design of the structures in the form of lens-like acting recesses or differently designed deflection sections offers a variety of options for directing the light propagating within the light guide in such a way that a desired, rule-compliant light distribution is displayed.
  • the Figures 10, 11 and 12 each show further configurations of the light guide 10.
  • the plate-shaped, flat light guide 10 shown has the first light guide surface 12, the second light guide surface 14 opposite the first light guide surface 12 and connecting the first light guide surface 12 to the second light guide surface 14 between the edge 16 of the first light guide surface 12 and the edge 18 of the second light guide surface 14 Narrow sides 20 on.
  • a first area of the narrow sides 20 is designed as a light exit surface 22, and a second area of the narrow sides 20 is designed as a reflector 26.
  • the reflection surface 26 is designed as a recess in one of the two light guide surfaces, which extends into the light guide 10 to a certain depth.
  • the light source 34 is arranged in such a way that its light is coupled into the light guide 10 via the light guide surface opposite the recess and falls on the reflection surface 24, the reflection surface 24 being configured to radially reflect light incident on it and the reflector 26 being configured to do so is to divert incident light twice and reverse the direction of the incident light upon deflection so that the further path of the diverted light leads through between the reflective surface 24 and the light guide surface opposite it.
  • the ones in the Figures 10 to 12 The light guides 10 shown are characterized in that at least two light sources 34 are assigned to each light guide 10.
  • the Indian Figure 10 The light guide 10 shown can be produced in that two partial light guides each have a connecting surface, as shown in FIG Figure 10 is shown as dashed line T.
  • the partial light guides are connected to one another along their connecting surface.
  • the connection is made, for example, by gluing, Lamination or fusing.
  • the connection surface, the light guide surface is arranged in the recess serving as the reflection surface 24.
  • FIG Figure 11 Another embodiment of a light guide 10, to which several light sources 34 are assigned, is shown in FIG Figure 11 .
  • the reflection surface 24 is a recess in the first light guide surface 12.
  • the light guide 10 On the side opposite the first light guide surface 12, the light guide 10 has a coupling projection 74 protruding from the second light guide surface 14.
  • the coupling projection 74 is delimited by light entry surfaces 76.
  • the light entry surfaces 76 are aligned essentially perpendicular to the light guide surface.
  • the light entry surfaces 76 are preferably designed as a circumferential cylinder jacket surface.
  • the light sources 34 are arranged along the circumferential cylinder jacket surfaces.
  • the coupling projection 74 is delimited by a coupling reflection surface 78.
  • the coupling-in reflection surface 78 is the top surface of the coupling-in projection 74, which is configured as a cylinder.
  • the coupling-in reflection surface 78 is configured such that light entering through the respective light entry surface 76 is deflected towards the reflection surface 24 by total internal reflection at the coupling-in reflection surface.
  • the Figure 12 shows a light guide 10 which, starting from its light exit surface 22, extends like a plate.
  • the end 50 opposite the light exit surface 22 has two light guide arms 80 extending separately from one another.
  • the light guide arms 80 jointly open into the plate-like section of the light guide 10 which adjoins the light exit surface 22.
  • the reflector 26 is divided between the several light guide arms 80.
  • Each of the light guide arms 80 has rear roof edge reflectors 82 which together form the reflector 26.
  • the light guide arms 80 are preferably each plate-like and run from different y-axis directions towards the z-axis, which in this case marks the central axis of the light guide 10.
  • the reflection surface 24 is according to the embodiment Figure 12 not designed coherently. Rather, the reflection surface 24 is designed here as a recess in those boundary surfaces of the light guide arms 80 which merge into the first light guide surface 12 or into the second light guide surface 14.
  • the light guide arms 80 have mutually facing intermediate surfaces 84.
  • the intermediate surfaces 84 run towards one another in the direction of the light exit surface 22 and connect with one another.
  • the light sources 34 are arranged between the light guide arms 80.
  • the light sources 34 are arranged in such a way that the light emanating from them is coupled through the intermediate surface 84 into the light guide arm 80 and strikes the recess arranged in the opposite delimiting surface and serving as a reflection surface 24.
  • each light guide arm 80 has several light sources 34.
  • the light sources 34 are arranged one behind the other in the x-axis direction, for example, and each of the light sources 34 is assigned a depression in the boundary surface of the light guide arm 80.
  • the described configurations of light guides 10, to which several light sources 34 are assigned, are suitable for the stack-like arrangement of several light guides 10, which are arranged such that the first light guide surface 12 of one of the several light guides 10 is adjacent to the second light guide surface 14 of the adjacent light guide 10 , wherein said light guide surfaces touch in a transition region 44 near the light exit surface 22.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Dispositif d'éclairage de véhicule automobile (38), comprenant au moins un guide de lumière (10) qui est réalisé de manière plate en forme de plaque et qui comprend une première surface de guidage de lumière (12), une deuxième surface de guidage de lumière (14) située en regard de la première surface de guidage de lumière (12), ainsi que des petits côtés (20) qui sont disposés entre un bord (16) de la première surface de guidage de lumière (12) et un bord (18) de la deuxième surface de guidage de lumière (14) et qui relient la première surface de guidage de lumière (12) à la deuxième surface de guidage de lumière (14), dans lequel une première zone des petits côtés (20) est conçue en tant que surface de sortie de lumière (22) et une deuxième zone des petits côtés est conçue en tant que réflecteur (26), dans lequel ledit réflecteur (26) est agencé pour diriger une partie de la lumière émanant d'au moins une source de lumière (34) et couplé dans le guide de lumière (10) en direction de la surface de sortie de lumière (22), dans lequel le dispositif d'éclairage (38) présente une pluralité de tels guides de lumière (10), qui, lorsqu'ils sont utilisés comme prévu, sont disposés de type pile dans la direction verticale de telle manière que les surfaces de guidage de lumière (12, 14) de guides de lumière (10) adjacents se touchent au moins dans une zone de transition (44) qui se trouve sur la surface de sortie de lumière (22) d'au moins un des guides de lumière (10) qui se touchent, caractérisé par le fait que celui de la pluralité de guides de lumière (10), dont la surface de sortie de lumière (22) est disposée près d'un axe de référence (z) qui caractérise le dispositif d'éclairage (38) et qui sert de direction de référence avec H = 0° et V = 0° pour les angles dans le cas de mesures photométriques pertinentes pour l'immatriculation et lors du montage sur le véhicule, est agencé pour concentrer la lumière couplée dans celui-ci de telle sorte qu'une distribution de lumière générée par le dispositif d'éclairage (38) présente un maximum de luminosité situé dans le champ amont du dispositif d'éclairage (38) et que le dispositif d'éclairage de véhicule automobile (38) présente une optique de reproduction qui est agencée et disposée pour collecter de la lumière sortant par les surfaces de sortie de lumière (22) et pour diriger celle-ci dans le champ amont du dispositif d'éclairage (38), et que les surfaces de sortie de lumière (22) sont disposées au niveau de la surface focale côté objet de l'optique de reproduction.
  2. Dispositif d'éclairage de véhicule automobile (38) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'optique de reproduction est une lentille de reproduction (46).
  3. Dispositif d'éclairage de véhicule automobile (38) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins l'un de la pluralité de guides de lumière (10) présente une surface réfléchissante (24), dans lequel ladite surface réfléchissante (24) est une cavité dans l'une des deux surfaces de guidage de lumière (12, 14) qui s'étend jusqu'à une certaine profondeur dans le guide de lumière (10), et dans lequel ladite au moins une source de lumière (34) est disposée de telle sorte que sa lumière est couplée dans le guide de lumière (10) via la surface de guidage de lumière (14, 12) située en regard de la cavité et rencontre la surface réfléchissante (24), dans lequel la surface réfléchissante (24) est agencée pour réfléchir radialement de la lumière incidente sur elle, et le réflecteur (26) est agencé pour diriger de la lumière incidente sur lui soit directement vers la surface de sortie de lumière (22) soit par une autre réflexion sur le réflecteur (26).
  4. Dispositif d'éclairage de véhicule automobile (38) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que la surface de sortie de lumière (22) d'au moins l'un de la pluralité de guides de lumière (10) est disposée à une distance supérieure à zéro de la surface focale côté objet de la lentille de reproduction (46).
  5. Dispositif d'éclairage de véhicule automobile (38) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins l'un des guides de lumière (10) se touchant dans la zone de transition (44) est agencé pour faire sortir de la lumière qui se propage dans lui, de manière à ce qu'elle se mélange à la lumière sortant d'un guide de lumière (10) adjacent.
  6. Dispositif d'éclairage de véhicule automobile (38) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins l'un de la pluralité de guides de lumière (10) présente des structures dans des zones partielles de sa surface de sortie de lumière (22) ou dans les zones partielles proches de sa surface de sortie de lumière (22), qui sont adaptées pour diffuser la lumière se propageant dans le guide de lumière (10).
  7. Dispositif d'éclairage de véhicule automobile (38) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que la surface de sortie de lumière (22) d'au moins l'un de la pluralité de guides de lumière (10) est disposée au-dessous de l'axe de référence (z) du dispositif d'éclairage (38).
  8. Dispositif d'éclairage de véhicule automobile (38) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait qu'un diaphragme (52) fixe ou mobile est disposé entre les surfaces de sortie de lumière (22) et l'optique de reproduction (46).
  9. Dispositif d'éclairage de véhicule automobile (38) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que la surface de sortie de lumière (22) d'au moins l'un de la pluralité de guides de lumière (10) est disposée dans la surface focale côté objet de l'optique de reproduction.
  10. Dispositif d'éclairage de véhicule automobile (38) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que la surface de sortie de lumière d'au moins l'un de la pluralité de guides de lumière est disposée, par rapport aux surfaces de sortie de lumière des guides de lumière restants, de manière décalée ou inclinée selon l'axe optique ou présente une forme modifiée par rapport aux surfaces de sortie de lumière des guides de lumière restants.
  11. Dispositif d'éclairage de véhicule automobile (38) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que, dans l'un au moins de la pluralité de guides de lumière (10), la première surface de guidage de lumière (12) et/ou la deuxième surface de guidage de lumière (14) forment un angle avec la surface de sortie de lumière (22), qui n'est pas un angle droit.
  12. Dispositif d'éclairage de véhicule automobile (38) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que la première surface de guidage de lumière (12) et la deuxième surface de guidage de lumière (14) d'au moins l'un des guides de lumière présentent, au moins sur une zone partielle de leur extension longitudinale, un angle l'une par rapport à l'autre qui est supérieur à zéro degré et est inférieur à 10 degrés, de sorte que l'épaisseur du guide de lumière (10) en forme de plaque change uniformément en direction de sa surface de sortie.
  13. Dispositif d'éclairage de véhicule automobile (38) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que la pluralité de guides de lumière (10) sont disposés de manière inclinée les uns par rapport aux autres de sorte qu'une distance séparant des surfaces de guidage de lumière adjacentes augmente de manière continue à partir de la zone de transition (44) vers l'extrémité d'entrée de lumière (50).
  14. Dispositif d'éclairage de véhicule automobile (38) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait qu'une extrémité d'entrée de lumière (50) d'au moins l'un de la pluralité de guides de lumière (10) est coudée par rapport à la zone de transition (44) à proximité de la surface de sortie de lumière (22) selon un angle (α) par rapport à l'axe de référence (z).
  15. Dispositif d'éclairage de véhicule automobile (38) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins l'un de la pluralité de guides de lumière (10) est conçu de type gradin en direction de l'axe de référence (z) de telle sorte que la première surface de guidage de lumière (12) et la deuxième surface de guidage de lumière (14) forment l'une avec l'autre au moins un gradin.
EP14803099.2A 2013-12-13 2014-11-25 Dispositif d'éclairage de véhicule automobile Active EP3080513B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102013225950.6A DE102013225950B4 (de) 2013-12-13 2013-12-13 Kraftfahrzeugbeleuchtungseinrichtung
PCT/EP2014/075506 WO2015086307A1 (fr) 2013-12-13 2014-11-25 Dispositif d'éclairage de véhicule automobile

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EP3080513B1 true EP3080513B1 (fr) 2020-10-21

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EP3080513A1 (fr) 2016-10-19
WO2015086307A1 (fr) 2015-06-18
DE102013225950A1 (de) 2015-06-18
DE102013225950B4 (de) 2017-06-01

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