EP3080457B1 - Compressor - Google Patents

Compressor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3080457B1
EP3080457B1 EP14824368.6A EP14824368A EP3080457B1 EP 3080457 B1 EP3080457 B1 EP 3080457B1 EP 14824368 A EP14824368 A EP 14824368A EP 3080457 B1 EP3080457 B1 EP 3080457B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compressor
slide
rod
screw
axial direction
Prior art date
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Revoked
Application number
EP14824368.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3080457A1 (en
Inventor
Dieter Mosemann
Ottomar Neuwirth
Dmytro Zaytsev
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GEA Refrigeration Germany GmbH
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GEA Refrigeration Germany GmbH
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C28/10—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by changing the positions of the inlet or outlet openings with respect to the working chamber
    • F04C28/12—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by changing the positions of the inlet or outlet openings with respect to the working chamber using sliding valves
    • F04C28/125—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by changing the positions of the inlet or outlet openings with respect to the working chamber using sliding valves with sliding valves controlled by the use of fluid other than the working fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/08—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C18/12—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
    • F04C18/14—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons
    • F04C18/16—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons with helical teeth, e.g. chevron-shaped, screw type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C23/02—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2210/00—Fluid
    • F04C2210/26—Refrigerants with particular properties, e.g. HFC-134a
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/20—Rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/40—Electric motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/80—Other components
    • F04C2240/811—Actuator for control, e.g. pneumatic, hydraulic, electric

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a screw compressor according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • screw compressors are used in many applications because their construction is robust and the efficiency that can be achieved is high.
  • speed-controlled screw compressors i.e. screw compressors that have two intermeshing screw rotors for compressing a medium to be compressed, preferably refrigerant, the speed of which is regulated, and also screw compressors that have a fixed speed.
  • a speed-controlled screw compressor with a slide for regulating a so-called internal volume ratio (also called Vi) is from the DE 199 16 983 A1 known.
  • the internal volume ratio is the ratio of tooth gap volumes of the intermeshing screw rotors at the beginning and the end of compaction.
  • the internal volume ratio of the compressor is influenced with the help of the so-called Vi slide.
  • Speed-controlled, semi-hermetic compact screw compressors with a Vi slide for stepped control of the internal volume ratio are from the DE 10 2011 051 730 A1 known.
  • the Vi slide can be positioned in one of two possible positions, the inner one in one of the positions
  • Volume ratio is greater than in the other of the positions.
  • Compressor according to the DE 10 2011 051 730 A1 cannot be optimally adapted to any operating conditions. This means that compressor operation that is favorable in terms of energy is only possible to a limited extent. Furthermore, slide movement errors can occur, which can result in an energetically unfavorable operation as well as an increased susceptibility to failure.
  • a compressor which has a slide which is used to regulate the delivery rate of the compressor while at the same time influencing the volume ratio of the compressor.
  • a screw compressor which has at least one screw rotor which is arranged rotatably about an axis of rotation arranged in the axial direction.
  • the at least one screw rotor is arranged in a compression chamber which is designed to be fluid-tight at least in sections towards the surroundings and opens into a high-pressure volume (26).
  • the compressor also has a Vi slide for influencing a volume ratio of the compressor, the Vi slide at least partially forming a section of the fluid-tight delimitation of the compression space and being arranged such that it can be displaced in position in the axial direction.
  • the Vi slide is infinitely adjustable and the compressor has a device for detecting the slide position of the Vi slide.
  • the Vi slide can be moved continuously and the screw compressor has a device for detecting the position of the Vi slide results in an energetically favorable mode of operation with low susceptibility to failure.
  • a possible embodiment of a compressor according to the invention more precisely a screw compressor 10 according to the invention, which is also referred to below as compressor 10 for short, is shown.
  • the compressor 10 has a housing 12 and an electric motor 14 arranged in the housing 12. Furthermore, the compressor 10 has a drive shaft 16 and a compression device 18 with a first and a second intermeshing screw rotor 20 and 22.
  • the screw rotors 20, 22 are driven in rotation directly via the drive shaft 16 (in alternative embodiments indirectly, for example via a gear arrangement).
  • a compressor according to the invention can also have only one screw rotor or also three or more screw rotors.
  • the first screw rotor 20 is arranged so as to be rotatable about a first axis of rotation arranged in the axial direction.
  • the second screw rotor 22 is arranged to be rotatable about a second axis of rotation which extends parallel to the first axis of rotation.
  • Both the first and the second helical rotor 20, 22 are arranged in a compression space 24 which is at least partially fluid-tight towards the environment and opens into a high-pressure volume 26.
  • the compressor 10 also has a Vi slide 28 which, with the delimitation surfaces 30, at least partially forms a section of the fluid-tight delimitation of the compression space 24.
  • the Vi slide 28 is arranged to be positionally displaceable in the axial direction. Furthermore, the Vi slide 28 can be moved continuously.
  • the compressor 10 also has a device 32 for detecting the slide position of the Vi slide, in particular the axial position of the Vi slide 28.
  • the device 32 for detecting the position of the Vi slide has a rod-shaped feeler element or a rod 34 which at a first end 36 engages in a recess formed on the Vi slide 28 in the form of a groove 38.
  • the groove 38 has an increasing depth in the axial direction, so that an unambiguous determination of the axial position of the Vi slide 28 is possible.
  • the spring-loaded rod 34 is in operative engagement at a second end 40 with a position sensor 41, so that the position of the Vi slide 28 can be determined.
  • an elastic element in the form of a spring (compression spring) 40 or is loaded or acted upon in the corresponding direction.
  • the compressor 10 also has an adjusting device 42 for adjusting the position of the Vi slide 28.
  • the position of the Vi slide 28 is adjusted hydraulically.
  • the compressor 10 has a cylindrical recess or chamber 44 in which a piston 46 connected to the Vi slide 28 is arranged so as to be axially displaceable.
  • the piston 46 is sealed against a chamber wall 47 by means of a seal 48 and divides the chamber 44 into two partial volumes, namely a first partial volume 50 and a second partial volume 52, which are separated from each other by the piston 46 provided with the seal 48.
  • the pressure in the first partial volume 50 can be increased and / or the pressure in the second partial volume 52 can be decreased.
  • the pressure in the first partial volume 50 is reduced and / or in the second partial volume 52 increased.
  • a first valve 54 and a second valve 56 are available, by means of which the first sub-volume 50 and the second sub-volume 52 can be pressurized with hydraulic fluid or can also be correspondingly relaxed.
  • the two valves 54, 56 are designed as solenoid valves, with electrically or electro-mechanically actuated valves also being conceivable in alternative embodiments.
  • the compressor 10 has a regulating device (not shown in the figures), by means of which the optimal position of the Vi slide 28 for the prevailing operating condition is regulated.
  • Vi slide 28 is actuated via a pneumatic device or a mechanical device, for example with or against the bias of an elastic element.
  • the compressor 10 in order to enable the optimal internal volume ratio Vi and thus an energetically favorable compressor operation under any operating conditions within the application limits of the compressor 10, the compressor 10 is designed with a stepless Vi control, the Vi slide 28 being continuously adjustable and is equipped with a slide position sensor.
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of a compressor 10 according to the invention.
  • an inclined groove 38 is arranged in the Vi slide 28.
  • a spring-loaded rod 34 pushes with a first end into the groove 28.
  • a second end of the rod 34 is connected to a slide position sensor 41.
  • the Vi slide 28 can be adjusted hydraulically, for example.
  • solenoid valves 54, 56 for increasing Vi and for decreasing Vi are arranged on the compressor 10.
  • the respective valve 54, 56 is activated by the control or regulation (for example by a pulse / pause signal) until the required position of the Vi slide 28 is reported by the slide position sensor 41 to the control or regulation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Schraubenverdichter gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a screw compressor according to the preamble of claim 1.

Derartige Schraubenverdichter finden in vielen Anwendungen Verwendung, da ihre Konstruktion robust und die erzielbare Effizienz groß ist. Es gibt drehzahlgeregelte Schraubenverdichter, d.h. Schraubenverdichter, die zwei ineinandergreifende Schraubenläufer zur Verdichtung eines zu verdichtenden Mediums, vorzugsweise Kältemittels, aufweisen, deren Drehzahl geregelt ist, und auch Schraubenverdichter, die eine feste Drehzahl aufweisen.Such screw compressors are used in many applications because their construction is robust and the efficiency that can be achieved is high. There are speed-controlled screw compressors, i.e. screw compressors that have two intermeshing screw rotors for compressing a medium to be compressed, preferably refrigerant, the speed of which is regulated, and also screw compressors that have a fixed speed.

Ein drehzahlgeregelter Schraubenverdichter mit einem Schieber zur Regelung eines sogenannten inneren Volumenverhältnisses (auch Vi genannt) ist aus der DE 199 16 983 A1 bekannt. Das innere Volumenverhältnis ist das Verhältnis von Zahnlückenvolumina der ineinandergreifenden Schraubenläufer zu Beginn und Ende der Verdichtung. Mit Hilfe des sogenannten Vi-Schiebers wird das innere Volumenverhältnis des Verdichters beeinflusst. Drehzahlgeregelte semihermetische Kompaktschraubenverdichter mit einem Vi-Schieber zur gestuften Regelung des inneren Volumenverhältnisses sind aus der DE 10 2011 051 730 A1 bekannt. Bei den letztgenannten Verdichtern ist der Vi-Schieber in einer von zwei möglichen Stellungen positionierbar, wobei in einer der Stellungen das innereA speed-controlled screw compressor with a slide for regulating a so-called internal volume ratio (also called Vi) is from the DE 199 16 983 A1 known. The internal volume ratio is the ratio of tooth gap volumes of the intermeshing screw rotors at the beginning and the end of compaction. The internal volume ratio of the compressor is influenced with the help of the so-called Vi slide. Speed-controlled, semi-hermetic compact screw compressors with a Vi slide for stepped control of the internal volume ratio are from the DE 10 2011 051 730 A1 known. In the case of the last-mentioned compressors, the Vi slide can be positioned in one of two possible positions, the inner one in one of the positions

Volumenverhältnis größer ist als in der anderen der Stellungen.Volume ratio is greater than in the other of the positions.

Verdichter gemäß der DE 10 2011 051 730 A1 sind jedoch nicht optimal an beliebige Betriebsbedingungen anpassbar. Somit ist ein energetisch günstiger Verdichterbetrieb nur beschränkt möglich. Ferner können Schieberbewegungsfehler auftreten, die einen energetisch ungünstigen Betrieb, sowie eine erhöhte Störanfälligkeit bedingen können.Compressor according to the DE 10 2011 051 730 A1 however, they cannot be optimally adapted to any operating conditions. This means that compressor operation that is favorable in terms of energy is only possible to a limited extent. Furthermore, slide movement errors can occur, which can result in an energetically unfavorable operation as well as an increased susceptibility to failure.

Ferner ist aus der DE 35 28 058 A1 ein Verdichter bekannt, welcher einen Schieber aufweist, der einer Regelung der Fördermenge des Verdichters unter gleichzeitiger Beeinflussung des Volumenverhältnisses des Verdichters dient.Furthermore, from the DE 35 28 058 A1 a compressor is known which has a slide which is used to regulate the delivery rate of the compressor while at the same time influencing the volume ratio of the compressor.

Ein ähnlicher Verdichter ist ferner aus der US 5 183 395 A bekannt.A similar compressor is also from the U.S. 5,183,395 A known.

Ausgehend hiervon ist es die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Verdichter, anzugeben, der möglichst bei allen Betriebsbedingungen energetisch günstig zu betreiben ist, wobei eine Störanfälligkeit möglichst gering gehalten werden soll.Based on this, it is the object of the present invention to provide a compressor which can be operated with as little energy as possible under all operating conditions, with a susceptibility to failure being kept as low as possible.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Verdichter mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a compressor with the features of claim 1.

Die Lösung der erfindungsgemäßen Aufgabe erfolgt demnach durch einen Schraubenverdichter, der wenigstens einen Schraubenläufer aufweist, der um eine in axialer Richtung angeordnete Drehachse drehbar angeordnet ist. Der wenigstens eine Schraubenläufer ist in einem Verdichtungsraum angeordnet, der gegen die Umgebung hin wenigstens abschnittweise fluiddicht ausgebildet ist und in ein Hochdruckvolumen (26) mündet. Der Verdichter weist weiterhin einen Vi-Schieber zur Beeinflussung eines Volumenverhältnisses des Verdichters auf, wobei der Vi-Schieber wenigstens teilweise einen Abschnitt der fluiddichten Begrenzung des Verdichtungsraums bildet und in der axialen Richtung positionsverschieblich angeordnet ist. Der Vi-Schieber ist stufenlos verschiebbar und der Verdichter weist eine Vorrichtung zur Erfassung der Schieberposition des Vi-Schiebers auf.The object according to the invention is therefore achieved by a screw compressor which has at least one screw rotor which is arranged rotatably about an axis of rotation arranged in the axial direction. The at least one screw rotor is arranged in a compression chamber which is designed to be fluid-tight at least in sections towards the surroundings and opens into a high-pressure volume (26). The compressor also has a Vi slide for influencing a volume ratio of the compressor, the Vi slide at least partially forming a section of the fluid-tight delimitation of the compression space and being arranged such that it can be displaced in position in the axial direction. The Vi slide is infinitely adjustable and the compressor has a device for detecting the slide position of the Vi slide.

Dadurch, dass der Vi-Schieber stufenlos verschiebbar ist und der Schraubenverdichter eine Vorrichtung zur Erfassung der Position des Vi-Schiebers aufweist, ist eine energetisch günstige Betriebsweise bei geringer Störanfälligkeit gegeben.The fact that the Vi slide can be moved continuously and the screw compressor has a device for detecting the position of the Vi slide results in an energetically favorable mode of operation with low susceptibility to failure.

Weitere optionale Merkmale der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen, sowie der folgenden Figurenbeschreibung angegeben. Die beschriebenen jeweiligen Merkmale können einzeln oder in beliebigen Kombinationen realisiert sein.Die Erfindung wird demnach im Folgenden mit Bezug auf die beiliegenden Zeichnungen anhand von beispielhaften Ausführungsformen beschrieben. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Ansicht einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Verdichters; und
  • Fig. 2 eine vergrößerte Darstellung eines Teilabschnitts der Fig.1.
Further optional features of the invention are specified in the subclaims and the following description of the figures. The respective features described can be implemented individually or in any combination. The invention will therefore be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings with reference to FIG exemplary embodiments described. In the drawings show:
  • Fig. 1 a view of an exemplary embodiment of a compressor according to the invention; and
  • Fig. 2 an enlarged view of a portion of the Fig. 1 .

In Fig. 1 ist eine mögliche Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Verdichters, genauer eines erfindungsgemäßen Schraubenverdichters 10, der nachstehend auch kurz als Verdichter 10 bezeichnet wird, dargestellt. Der Verdichter 10 weist ein Gehäuse 12 und einen in dem Gehäuse 12 angeordneten Elektromotor 14 auf. Ferner weist der Verdichter 10 eine Antriebswelle 16 und eine Verdichtungsvorrichtung 18 mit einem ersten und einem zweiten ineinandergreifenden Schraubenläufer 20 und 22 auf. Die Schraubenläufer 20, 22 werden über die Antriebswelle 16 direkt (in alternativen Ausführungsformen indirekt, beispielsweise über eine Getriebeanordnung) drehangetrieben. In alternativen Ausführungsformen kann ein erfindungsgemäßer Verdichter auch nur einen Schraubenläufer oder auch drei oder mehr Schraubenläufer aufweisen.In Fig. 1 a possible embodiment of a compressor according to the invention, more precisely a screw compressor 10 according to the invention, which is also referred to below as compressor 10 for short, is shown. The compressor 10 has a housing 12 and an electric motor 14 arranged in the housing 12. Furthermore, the compressor 10 has a drive shaft 16 and a compression device 18 with a first and a second intermeshing screw rotor 20 and 22. The screw rotors 20, 22 are driven in rotation directly via the drive shaft 16 (in alternative embodiments indirectly, for example via a gear arrangement). In alternative embodiments, a compressor according to the invention can also have only one screw rotor or also three or more screw rotors.

Der erste Schraubenläufer 20 ist um eine erste, in axialer Richtung angeordnete Drehachse drehbar angeordnet. Der zweite Schraubenläufer 22 ist um eine zweite Drehachse, welche sich parallel zu der ersten Drehachse erstreckt, drehbar angeordnet. Sowohl der erste als auch der zweite Schraubenläufer 20, 22 sind in einem Verdichtungsraum 24 angeordnet, der gegen die Umgebung hin wenigstens abschnittweise fluiddicht ausgebildet ist und in ein Hochdruckvolumen 26 mündet.The first screw rotor 20 is arranged so as to be rotatable about a first axis of rotation arranged in the axial direction. The second screw rotor 22 is arranged to be rotatable about a second axis of rotation which extends parallel to the first axis of rotation. Both the first and the second helical rotor 20, 22 are arranged in a compression space 24 which is at least partially fluid-tight towards the environment and opens into a high-pressure volume 26.

Der Verdichter 10 weist ferner einen Vi-Schieber 28 auf, der mit Begrenzungsflächen 30 wenigstens teilweise einen Abschnitt der fluiddichten Begrenzung des Verdichtungsraums 24 bildet. Der Vi-Schieber 28 ist in der axialen Richtung positionsverschieblich angeordnet. Weiterhin ist der Vi-Schieber 28 stufenlos verschiebbar. Der Verdichter 10 weist zudem eine Vorrichtung 32 zur Erfassung der Schieberposition des Vi-Schiebers, insbesondere der axialen Position des Vi-Schiebers 28 auf.The compressor 10 also has a Vi slide 28 which, with the delimitation surfaces 30, at least partially forms a section of the fluid-tight delimitation of the compression space 24. The Vi slide 28 is arranged to be positionally displaceable in the axial direction. Furthermore, the Vi slide 28 can be moved continuously. The compressor 10 also has a device 32 for detecting the slide position of the Vi slide, in particular the axial position of the Vi slide 28.

Wie insbesondere aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich ist, weist die Vorrichtung 32 zur Erfassung der Position des Vi-Schiebers ein stangenförmiges Tastelement bzw. eine Stange 34 auf, die an einem ersten Ende 36 in eine am Vi-Schieber 28 ausgebildete Aussparung in Form einer Nut 38 eingreift. Die Nut 38 weist in axialer Richtung eine zunehmende Tiefe auf, so dass eine eindeutige Bestimmung der axialen Position des Vi-Schiebers 28 möglich ist. Die federbelastete Stange 34 steht an einem zweiten Ende 40 mit einem Positionssensor 41 in Wirkeingriff, so dass die Position des Vi-Schiebers 28 ermittelt werden kann. Um sicherzustellen, dass die Stange 34 jeweils am Boden der Nut 38 anliegt, wird diese durch ein elastisches Element in Form einer Feder (Druckfeder) 40 in Richtung der Nut 38 unter Vorspannung gehalten bzw. in die entsprechende Richtung belastet bzw. beaufschlagt.Like in particular from Fig. 2 As can be seen, the device 32 for detecting the position of the Vi slide has a rod-shaped feeler element or a rod 34 which at a first end 36 engages in a recess formed on the Vi slide 28 in the form of a groove 38. The groove 38 has an increasing depth in the axial direction, so that an unambiguous determination of the axial position of the Vi slide 28 is possible. The spring-loaded rod 34 is in operative engagement at a second end 40 with a position sensor 41, so that the position of the Vi slide 28 can be determined. In order to ensure that the rod 34 rests against the bottom of the groove 38, it is held under prestress in the direction of the groove 38 by an elastic element in the form of a spring (compression spring) 40 or is loaded or acted upon in the corresponding direction.

Der Verdichter 10 weist ferner eine Verstell-Vorrichtung 42 zum Verstellen der Position des Vi-Schiebers 28 auf. In der vorliegend beschriebenen Ausführungsform wird der Vi-Schieber 28 hydraulisch in seiner Position verstellt. Hierzu weist der Verdichter 10 eine zylinderförmige Aussparung bzw. Kammer 44 auf, in der ein mit dem Vi-Schieber 28 verbundener Kolben 46 axial verschiebbar angeordnet ist. Der Kolben 46 ist gegen eine Kammerwand 47 hin mittels einer Dichtung 48 abgedichtet und unterteilt die Kammer 44 in zwei Teilvolumina, nämlich ein erstes Teilvolumen 50 und ein zweites Teilvolumen 52, die durch den mit der Dichtung 48 versehenen Kolben 46 fuiddicht voneinander getrennt sind.The compressor 10 also has an adjusting device 42 for adjusting the position of the Vi slide 28. In the embodiment described here, the position of the Vi slide 28 is adjusted hydraulically. For this purpose, the compressor 10 has a cylindrical recess or chamber 44 in which a piston 46 connected to the Vi slide 28 is arranged so as to be axially displaceable. The piston 46 is sealed against a chamber wall 47 by means of a seal 48 and divides the chamber 44 into two partial volumes, namely a first partial volume 50 and a second partial volume 52, which are separated from each other by the piston 46 provided with the seal 48.

Um den Kolben 46 und somit auch den mit ihm verbundenen Vi-Schieber 28 in axialer Richtung zu verschieben, kann beispielsweise im ersten Teilvolumen 50 der Druck erhöht und/oder im zweiten Teilvolumen 52 der Druck erniedrigt werden. Um eine Bewegung in der entgegengesetzten Richtung zu erwirken, wird der Druck im ersten Teilvolumen 50 verringert und/oder im zweiten Teilvolumen 52 erhöht. Hierzu stehen ein erstes Ventil 54 und ein zweites Ventil 56 zur Verfügung, mittels derer das erste Teilvolumen 50 und das zweite Teilvolumen 52 mit Hydraulikflüssigkeit mit Druck beaufschlagt oder aber auch entsprechend entspannt werden können. Die beiden Ventile 54, 56 sind in der vorliegend beschriebenen Ausführungsform als Magnetventile ausgebildet, wobei in alternativen Ausführungsformen beispilesweise auch elektrisch oder elektro-mechanisch betätigte Ventile denkbar wären. Der Verdichter 10 weist in der beschriebenen Ausführungsform eine Regelvorrichtung (in den Figuren nicht dargestellt) auf, mittels derer jeweils die für die vorherrschende Betriebsbedingung optimale Stellung des Vi-Schiebers 28 eingeregelt wird.In order to move the piston 46 and thus also the Vi slide 28 connected to it in the axial direction, the pressure in the first partial volume 50 can be increased and / or the pressure in the second partial volume 52 can be decreased. In order to bring about a movement in the opposite direction, the pressure in the first partial volume 50 is reduced and / or in the second partial volume 52 increased. For this purpose, a first valve 54 and a second valve 56 are available, by means of which the first sub-volume 50 and the second sub-volume 52 can be pressurized with hydraulic fluid or can also be correspondingly relaxed. In the embodiment described here, the two valves 54, 56 are designed as solenoid valves, with electrically or electro-mechanically actuated valves also being conceivable in alternative embodiments. In the embodiment described, the compressor 10 has a regulating device (not shown in the figures), by means of which the optimal position of the Vi slide 28 for the prevailing operating condition is regulated.

Es sei an dieser Stelle angemerkt, dass in alternativen Ausführungsformen anstelle einer Regelung auch eine Steuerung vorgesehen sein kann. In weiteren alternativen Ausführungsformen erfolgt die Betätigung des Vi-Schiebers 28 über eine Pneumatik-Vorrichtung oder eine mechanische Vorrichtung, beispielsweise mit oder gegen die Vorspannung eines elastischen Elements.It should be noted at this point that, in alternative embodiments, instead of regulation, a controller can also be provided. In further alternative embodiments, the Vi slide 28 is actuated via a pneumatic device or a mechanical device, for example with or against the bias of an elastic element.

Zusammenfassend lässt sich festhalten: um das optimale innere Volumenverhältnis Vi und damit einen energetisch günstigen Verdichterbetrieb bei beliebigen Betriebsbedingungen innerhalb der Einsatzgrenzen des Verdichters 10 zu ermöglichen, wird der Verdichter 10 mit einer stufenlosen Vi-Regelung ausgeführt, wobei der Vi-Schieber 28 stufenlos verstellbar ist und mit einem Schieberpositionssensor ausgestattet ist. Fig.2 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Verdichters 10 gemäß der Erfindung. In diesem Beispiel ist im Vi-Schieber 28 eine schräge Nut 38 angeordnet. Eine federbelastete Stange 34 stößt mit einem ersten Ende in die Nut 28. Ein zweites Ende der Stange 34 ist mit einem Schieberpositionssensor 41 verbunden. Der Vi-Schieber 28 kann beispielweise hydraulisch verstellt werden. Dafür sind am Verdichter 10 Magnetventile 54, 56 zum Vi-erhöhen und zum Vi-verringern angeordnet. Zum Erreichen der von einer Regelung bzw. Steuerung errechneten optimalen Position des Vi-Schiebers 28 wird das jeweilige Ventil 54, 56 von der Steuerung bzw. Regelung solange angesteuert (zum Beispiel durch ein Puls/Pause Signal) bis die erforderliche Position des Vi-Schiebers 28 durch den Schieberpositionssensor 41 an die Steuerung bzw. Regelung gemeldet wird.In summary, it can be stated: in order to enable the optimal internal volume ratio Vi and thus an energetically favorable compressor operation under any operating conditions within the application limits of the compressor 10, the compressor 10 is designed with a stepless Vi control, the Vi slide 28 being continuously adjustable and is equipped with a slide position sensor. Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of a compressor 10 according to the invention. In this example, an inclined groove 38 is arranged in the Vi slide 28. A spring-loaded rod 34 pushes with a first end into the groove 28. A second end of the rod 34 is connected to a slide position sensor 41. The Vi slide 28 can be adjusted hydraulically, for example. For this purpose, solenoid valves 54, 56 for increasing Vi and for decreasing Vi are arranged on the compressor 10. To achieve the optimal position of the Vi slide 28 calculated by a regulation or control, the respective valve 54, 56 is activated by the control or regulation (for example by a pulse / pause signal) until the required position of the Vi slide 28 is reported by the slide position sensor 41 to the control or regulation.

Obwohl die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsformen mit festen Merkmalskombinationen beschrieben wird, umfasst sie jedoch auch die denkbaren weiteren vorteilhaften Kombinationen, wie sie insbesondere, aber nicht erschöpfend, durch die Unteransprüche angegeben sind. Sämtliche in den Anmeldungsunterlagen offenbarten Merkmale werden als erfindungswesentlich beansprucht, soweit sie einzeln oder in Kombination gegenüber dem Stand der Technik neu sind.Although the invention is described on the basis of embodiments with fixed combinations of features, it also encompasses the further conceivable advantageous combinations, as are specified in particular, but not exhaustively, by the dependent claims. All of the features disclosed in the application documents are claimed as essential to the invention insofar as they are new to the state of the art, individually or in combination.

BezugszeichenlisteList of reference symbols

1010
Verdichtercompressor
1212th
Gehäusecasing
1414th
ElektromotorElectric motor
1616
Antriebswelledrive shaft
1818th
VerdichtungsvorrichtungCompaction device
2020th
erster Schraubenläuferfirst screw runner
2222nd
zweiter Schraubenläufersecond screw runner
2424
VerdichtungsraumCompression space
2626th
HochdruckvolumenHigh pressure volume
2828
Schieber bzw. Vi-SchieberSlide or Vi slide
3030th
BegrenzungsflächenBoundary surfaces
3232
Vorrichtung zur Erfassung der Schieberposition des Vi-SchiebersDevice for detecting the slide position of the Vi slide
3434
Stangepole
3636
erstes Ende der Stange 34first end of rod 34
3838
NutGroove
4040
zweites Ende der Stange 34second end of rod 34
4141
PositionssensorPosition sensor
4242
Verstell-VorrichtungAdjustment device
4444
Aussparung bzw. KammerRecess or chamber
4646
Kolbenpiston
4747
KammerwandChamber wall
4848
Dichtungpoetry
5050
erstes Teilvolumen der Kammer 44first partial volume of the chamber 44
5252
zweites Teilvolumen der Kammer 44second partial volume of chamber 44
5454
erstes Ventilfirst valve
5656
zweites Ventilsecond valve

Claims (10)

  1. A screw compressor (10) having at least one screw rotor (20, 22) which is arranged such that it can be rotated about an axis of rotation arranged in the axial direction, wherein the at least one screw rotor (20, 22) is arranged in a compression space (24), which is designed to be at least in sections fluid-tight in the direction of the surroundings and opens out into a high-pressure volume (26), wherein the compressor (10) also has a Vi slide (28) for influencing an internal volume ratio of the compressor, wherein the Vi slide (28) forms, at least in part, a portion of the fluid-tight boundary of the compression space (24) and is arranged such that it can be displaced in position in the axial direction,
    characterized in that
    the Vi slide (28) can be displaced in a stepless manner and the compressor (10) has a device (32) for sensing the slide position.
  2. The compressor (10) as claimed in claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the Vi slide (28) has a slide-position sensor (41) or a position transducer.
  3. The compressor (10) as claimed in one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the Vi slide (28) has an axially arranged recess, the depth of which increases in the axial direction.
  4. The compressor (10) as claimed in claim 3,
    characterized in that
    the recess is a groove (38).
  5. The compressor (10) as claimed in one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the compressor (10) has a rod (34) with two ends, wherein one end of the rod (34) engages in a/the recess, and wherein the rod (34) is in operative engagement with a position sensor.
  6. The compressor (10) as claimed in claim 5,
    characterized in that
    the rod (34) is in operative engagement with an elastic element.
  7. The compressor (10) as claimed in claim 6,
    characterized in that
    the rod (34) is in operative engagement with a spring.
  8. The compressor (10) as claimed in one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the compressor (10) has an adjustment device (42) for adjusting the position of the vi slide (28).
  9. The compressor (10) as claimed in claim 8,
    characterized in that
    the adjustment device (42) has a hydraulic device, a pneumatic device or a device for transmitting mechanical force.
  10. The compressor (10) as claimed in one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the compressor (10) has an open-loop or closed-loop controller for controlling or regulating the position of the vi slide (28).
EP14824368.6A 2013-12-12 2014-12-12 Compressor Revoked EP3080457B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102013020534.4A DE102013020534A1 (en) 2013-12-12 2013-12-12 compressor
PCT/EP2014/003343 WO2015086159A1 (en) 2013-12-12 2014-12-12 Compressor

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EP3080457A1 EP3080457A1 (en) 2016-10-19
EP3080457B1 true EP3080457B1 (en) 2021-07-14

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US (1) US20160319814A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3080457B1 (en)
CN (1) CN105793572A (en)
DE (1) DE102013020534A1 (en)
DK (1) DK3080457T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2015086159A1 (en)

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DE102020115442A1 (en) 2020-06-10 2021-12-16 Bitzer Kühlmaschinenbau Gmbh Screw expander and system for generating electrical energy from heat with a screw expander

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CN105793572A (en) 2016-07-20
DK3080457T3 (en) 2021-10-18
EP3080457A1 (en) 2016-10-19
DE102013020534A1 (en) 2015-06-18
WO2015086159A1 (en) 2015-06-18
US20160319814A1 (en) 2016-11-03

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