EP3071912A1 - A method and system for drying wood in a drying compartment - Google Patents
A method and system for drying wood in a drying compartmentInfo
- Publication number
- EP3071912A1 EP3071912A1 EP14862950.4A EP14862950A EP3071912A1 EP 3071912 A1 EP3071912 A1 EP 3071912A1 EP 14862950 A EP14862950 A EP 14862950A EP 3071912 A1 EP3071912 A1 EP 3071912A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wood
- humidity
- air
- temperature
- drying
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/08—Humidity
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/10—Temperature; Pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/22—Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
- F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2210/00—Drying processes and machines for solid objects characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2210/16—Wood, e.g. lumber, timber
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to a method and a system for drying wood in a drying compartment.
- Systems for wood drying are e.g. disclosed in SE 512988 C2 and SE 1200230 A1 .
- the rate of drying depends on properties of the wood, air flow and other climatic conditions in the drying compartment. Heat is provided to the drying compartment to speed up the process of drying, but this consumes energy and is therefore costly.
- SE 528467 C2 a method for drying wood is disclosed wherein the wood is subjected to periods of hard drying, during which periods air change is effected, and that between the periods of hard drying the wood is subjected to periods of less hard drying having essentially less air change.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method and a system able to indicate the humidity in the wood in order to optimize the drying process.
- the invention relates to a method for drying wood in a drying compartment, comprising providing a flow of air over the wood in the drying compartment, measuring parameters related to temperature and humidity in the flow of air, iteratively calculating expected values of the parameters related to temperature and humidity in the flow of air based on based on an estimate of the humidity of the wood and the air flow speed over the wood, comparing the measured parameters related to temperature and humidity with the expected parameters related to temperature and humidity, iteratively adjusting the estimated humidity of the wood in the calculation, and providing a converging estimated humidity of the wood as an indication on the actual humidity in the wood.
- the invention further relates to a method for indicating the humidity in wood in a drying compartment, comprising providing a flow of air over the wood in the drying compartment, measuring parameters related to temperature and humidity in the flow of air, iteratively calculating expected values of the parameters related to temperature and humidity in the flow of air based on based on an estimate of the humidity of the wood and the air flow speed over the wood, comparing the measured parameters related to temperature and humidity with the expected parameters related to temperature and humidity, iteratively adjusting the estimated humidity of the wood in the calculation, and providing a converging estimated humidity of the wood as an indication on the actual humidity in the wood.
- the parameters related to temperature and humidity in the air may comprise a dry-bulb temperature and a wet-bulb temperature.
- the calculation of the expected dry-bulb temperature and wet-bulb temperature may further be based on an amount of heat provided to the drying compartment.
- the calculation of the expected dry-bulb temperature and wet-bulb temperature may further be based on a flow of fresh air provided into the drying compartment.
- the calculation of the expected dry-bulb temperature and wet-bulb temperature may further be based on an amount of humid air evacuated from the drying compartment.
- the dry-bulb temperature and wet-bulb temperature may be measured in the air flow before and after passage over the wood in the drying compartment.
- the flow of air may be a circulating flow of air in the drying compartment.
- the method may comprise changing parameters of temperature, air flow and/or humidity of the air, thereby exciting the climate in the drying compartment.
- the climate in the drying compartment may be persistently excited, e.g. by means of changing parameters of temperature, air flow and/or humidity of the air.
- the method may further comprise indicating that the drying may be discontinued when the indicated humidity of the wood reaches a predetermined threshold or is within a predetermined interval.
- the drying may be discontinued when the indicated humidity of the wood reaches a predetermined threshold or is within a predetermined interval.
- the drying may be
- the method may further comprise controlling heat provided to the drying compartment, the flow speed of air over the wood, a flow of fresh air provided into the drying compartment, a flow of humid air evacuated from the drying
- the energy consumed during drying and the overall drying time may be minimized by controlling the operational parameters based on the indicated humidity of the wood, during the drying process.
- the drying compartment may be a batch kiln or a progressive kiln.
- the invention further relates to a system for drying wood in a drying compartment, comprising a fan for providing a flow of air over the wood in the drying compartment, a sensing means for measuring parameters related to temperature and humidity in the flow of air, a processing unit configured to iteratively calculating expected values of the parameters related to temperature and humidity in the flow of air based on based on an estimate of the humidity of the wood and the air flow speed over the wood, comparing the measured parameters related to temperature and humidity with the expected parameters related to temperature and humidity, iteratively adjusting the estimated humidity of the wood in the calculation, and providing a converging estimated humidity of the wood as an indication on the actual humidity in the wood.
- the invention further relates to a system for indicating the humidity in wood in a drying compartment, comprising a fan for providing a flow of air over the wood in the drying compartment, a sensing means for measuring parameters related to temperature and humidity in the flow of air, a processing unit configured to iteratively calculating expected values of the parameters related to temperature and humidity in the flow of air based on based on an estimate of the humidity of the wood and the air flow speed over the wood, comparing the measured parameters related to temperature and humidity with the expected parameters related to temperature and humidity, iteratively adjusting the estimated humidity of the wood in the calculation, and providing a converging estimated humidity of the wood as an indication on the actual humidity in the wood.
- the invention further relates to a computer program product comprising readable code means, which when run in a processing unit causes the processing unit to perform the method as disclosed herein.
- Fig. 1 shows a batch kiln comprising a drying compartment for drying wood.
- FIG. 2 cross section of a wood bundle in a drying compartment.
- Fig. 3 shows a side view of a wood bundle.
- Fig. 4 shows an element i in a single half channel of a wood bundle.
- FIG. 5 shows a progressive kiln comprising a drying compartment for drying wood. Description of embodiments
- Fig. 1 shows a system in the form of a batch kiln 101 comprising a drying compartment 102 for drying wood. Wood is organized in a number of bundles 103 in the drying compartment.
- the kiln comprises a fan 104 for providing a circulating flow of air 105, 105' over the wood, and heating means 106 for heating the air.
- An evacuation duct 1 1 1 is provided to be able to evacuate humid air and to provide fresh air into the drying compartment when needed.
- thermometers 107a, 107b, 108a, 108b are arranged in the drying compartment for measuring the dry-bulb
- wet-bulb temperature indicates the moisture content in the air.
- thermometers may be arranged to measure the dry-bulb temperature and the wet-bulb temperature in air before (107a, 107b) and after (108a, 108b) passing the wood bundles, but a single point of measurement suffice.
- the system further comprises a control unit 109 connected to the fan 104, the heating means 106 and the thermometers 107a, 107b, 108a, 108b, and comprising a processing unit 1 10.
- the processing unit is configured to iteratively calculating expected values of the dry-bulb temperature and the wet-bulb temperature in the flow of air based on based on an estimate of the humidity of the wood and the air flow speed over the wood. These calculated expected values of the dry-bulb temperature and the wet-bulb temperature are compared with the the measured dry-bulb temperature and the wet-bulb temperature from the set of thermometers.
- the estimated humidity of the wood in the calculation is changed such that to adjust the calculated expected values of the dry-bulb temperature and the wet-bulb temperature to the measured dry-bulb temperature and the wet-bulb temperature.
- a converging estimated humidity of the wood is thereafter supplied as an indication on the actual humidity in the wood.
- Fig. 3 shows a side view of a wood bundle 303 with a single channel 312 through the bundle. It is assumed that the flow velocity is uniform over the wood surface and that the average condition for the channels may be represented by one single channel, marked as a dashed rectangle 312 in Fig. 3.
- a single channel 212, 312 consist of the air channel between two wood surfaces and the adjoining wood up to half the thickness of the wood plank or board.
- the single channel is divided into m elements in the main direction of the air flow.
- the upper and lower wood plank is divided into n segments from its surface to its center, while the air volume between wood planks is divided into two segments, see Fig. 4, showing an element i in a single half channel 412 in a wood bundle.
- the wood package has length L, width W and height H.
- the width is measured along the main direction of the air flow.
- the state in air segment i is defined by the dry bulb temperature TO and the moisture content X' 0 .
- the state in wood layer j in segment i is defined by the temperature T' j and the moisture content X' j .
- the specific mass flow rate is depending on temperature and moisture content in the drying air TO, XO and in the wood surface ⁇ , X
- Equations (1 )-(3) gives the state space equation (Eq. 4)
- f 0 is a nonlinear function depending on the state variables and the parameters p 0 ,.
- the energy rate balance for the wood surface segment in element i is depending on evaporation, convection, diffusion and condensation (Eq.5) w*w ⁇ * w ⁇ — — — — ((cond f ⁇ i ift
- Equations (Eq.5)-(Eq.8) give the state space equation (Eq.9)
- f j is a nonlinear function depending on the state variables and the parameters pV
- the converging moisture content X (the humidity) of the wood may be provided as an indication of the actual humidity of the wood, in order to control the drying of the wood.
- the climate in drying compartment (T° 0 and X° 0 ) is excited by changing parameters of temperature and/or humidity of the air.
- the climate is changed such that the system may be considered to be persistently excited.
- SE 528467 C2 One example of providing an excitation of the climate in the drying compartment, such that the climate changes are persistently exciting, is disclosed in SE 528467 C2.
- a method for drying wood is disclosed wherein the wood is subjected to periods of hard drying, during which periods air change is effected, and that between the periods of hard drying the wood is subjected to periods of less hard drying having essentially less air change.
- Similar excitation of the climate in a drying compartment during wood drying may be performed in batch type of kiln and a progressive kiln.
- FIG. 5 A system in the form of a progressive kiln is shown in Fig. 5, comprising a drying compartment 502 for drying wood. Wood is organized in a number of bundles 503 progressively moving through the drying compartment.
- the kiln comprises a fan 504 for providing a circulating flow of air 505, 505' over the wood, and heating means 506 for heating the air.
- An evacuation duct 51 1 is provided to be able to evacuate humid air and to provide fresh air into the drying compartment when needed.
- thermometers 507a, 507b, 508a, 508b is arranged in the drying compartment for measuring the dry-bulb
- the system further comprises a control unit as described in relation to Fig. 1 , connected to the fan, the heating means and the thermometers and comprising a processing unit.
- a control unit as described in relation to Fig. 1 , connected to the fan, the heating means and the thermometers and comprising a processing unit.
- the climate in the drying compartment may be excited and the humidity in the wood in the bundle may be indicated by the method as disclosed herein.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL14862950T PL3071912T3 (en) | 2013-11-18 | 2014-11-18 | A method and system for drying wood in a drying compartment |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE1351363A SE538180C2 (en) | 2013-11-18 | 2013-11-18 | Method and system for drying wood in a drying room |
PCT/SE2014/051367 WO2015072919A1 (en) | 2013-11-18 | 2014-11-18 | A method and system for drying wood in a drying compartment |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3071912A1 true EP3071912A1 (en) | 2016-09-28 |
EP3071912A4 EP3071912A4 (en) | 2017-07-19 |
EP3071912B1 EP3071912B1 (en) | 2019-10-30 |
Family
ID=53057738
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14862950.4A Active EP3071912B1 (en) | 2013-11-18 | 2014-11-18 | A method and system for drying wood in a drying compartment |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3071912B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2930233C (en) |
PL (1) | PL3071912T3 (en) |
SE (1) | SE538180C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015072919A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10273585B2 (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2019-04-30 | Westmill Industries Ltd. | Cathodic protection for wood veneer dryers and method for reducing corrosion of wood veneer dryers |
CN107606598B (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2021-12-28 | 云南天然橡胶产业集团西双版纳景阳有限公司 | Discontinuous drying process used in discontinuous rubber processing technology |
CN113618855B (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2022-07-01 | 南京林业大学 | Bionic wood-based humidity indicator and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH469237A (en) * | 1967-01-13 | 1969-02-28 | Ineta Establishment | Method and device for drying goods |
SE8003281L (en) * | 1980-04-30 | 1981-10-31 | Megaron Hb | SET DETERMINATION OF MOISTURE QUOTE TO WORK DURING DRYING |
US4953298A (en) * | 1989-02-24 | 1990-09-04 | Wagner Electronic Products, Inc. | Kiln controller |
FI89744C (en) * | 1991-04-08 | 1993-11-10 | Valmet Paper Machinery Inc | Control system for wood dryer |
SE504818C2 (en) * | 1995-08-14 | 1997-04-28 | Utec Sm Ab | Process of drying wood |
US20070017113A1 (en) * | 2003-02-28 | 2007-01-25 | Scharpf Eric W | Efficiency dehumidifier drier with reversible airflow and improved control |
US7043970B2 (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2006-05-16 | Wagner Electronic Products, Inc. | Method for monitoring wood-drying kiln state |
FI119832B (en) * | 2005-09-09 | 2009-03-31 | Korwensuun Konetehdas Oy | A method for determining stresses in a drying wood |
FI20095003A0 (en) * | 2009-01-02 | 2009-01-02 | Korwensuun Konetehdas Oy | A method for processing wood |
SE537826C2 (en) * | 2013-02-21 | 2015-10-27 | Sp Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut Ab | Method of drying hygroscopic material and apparatus for drying hygroscopic material. |
-
2013
- 2013-11-18 SE SE1351363A patent/SE538180C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2014
- 2014-11-18 CA CA2930233A patent/CA2930233C/en active Active
- 2014-11-18 WO PCT/SE2014/051367 patent/WO2015072919A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-11-18 PL PL14862950T patent/PL3071912T3/en unknown
- 2014-11-18 EP EP14862950.4A patent/EP3071912B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE1351363A1 (en) | 2015-05-19 |
EP3071912B1 (en) | 2019-10-30 |
WO2015072919A1 (en) | 2015-05-21 |
CA2930233A1 (en) | 2015-05-21 |
SE538180C2 (en) | 2016-03-29 |
EP3071912A4 (en) | 2017-07-19 |
CA2930233C (en) | 2022-01-11 |
PL3071912T3 (en) | 2020-06-15 |
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