Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
  • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
  • B42D25/328—Diffraction gratings; Holograms
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
  • B41M3/14—Security printing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
  • B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
  • B41M5/267—Marking of plastic artifacts, e.g. with laser
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
  • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
  • B42D25/351—Translucent or partly translucent parts, e.g. windows
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
  • B42D25/40—Manufacture
  • B42D25/405—Marking
  • B42D25/43—Marking by removal of material
  • B42D25/435—Marking by removal of material using electromagnetic radiation, e.g. laser
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
  • B42D25/40—Manufacture
  • B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
  • B42D25/40—Manufacture
  • B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
  • B42D25/465—Associating two or more layers using chemicals or adhesives
  • B42D25/47—Associating two or more layers using chemicals or adhesives using adhesives

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of security marking. More particularly, it relates to a customizable document for the production of a personalized security document, for example a document made of card or sheet-like polymer material intended to be inserted in a passport and which can be authenticated to the user. naked eye in the visible. STATE OF THE ART
• Identity and travel documents such as national identity cards, driving licenses, passports, visas and registration certificates are basic means of control for a country.
• the solutions implemented to prevent counterfeiting and modification of official documents must guarantee not only the authenticity of identity documents and travel documents, but also the protection of personal data such as name, date of birth and Photo. Security must be both simple to verify but also difficult to imitate.
• optical safety component observable in direct reflection and comprising a layer of high refractive index transparent dielectric material encapsulated between two layers of low index, and structured to form a sub-length grating. wave.
• DID optical safety component
• Such a component behaves as a structured waveguide for exciting resonances of guided modes at different wavelengths depending polarization, angle of incidence and azimuth.
• direct reflection order diffraction 0
• such a component thus behaves like a subtractive filter in wavelengths, or bandpass filter, forming a colored mirror whose color varies by azimuthal rotation of the component.
• the published patent EP 1 775 142 describes an optical security component in which the optical effect is enhanced by the superposition of two DID type devices separated by a predetermined distance.
• the present invention presents a security document that can be controlled in zero-order reflection and to the naked eye by an observer, also based on DID technology, but allowing as in the technology based on the inscription of holograms in volume, customize the optical effect by personal data specific to each holder of the document.
• the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such a document.
• the invention relates to a customizable document for manufacturing a personalized security document, the personalized security document being intended to be authenticated in an observation spectral band between 380 nm and 780 nm.
• the customizable document according to the present description comprises:
• first multilayer film arranged on a first side of the layer customizable, and at least partially covering the area of transparency, the first multilayer film comprising a layer of high refractive index encapsulated between two layers of low refractive index, and structured on at least a portion of its surface to form a first network sub wavelength characterized by a first grating vector, such that the first multilayer film acts at the zero order as a subtractive filter in wavelengths,
• a second multilayer film arranged on a second side of the customizable layer, opposite to the first side, and at least partially covering the area of transparency, the second multilayer film comprising a high refractive index layer encapsulated between two layers of low index of refraction, and structured on at least a portion of its surface to form a second subwavelength network characterized by a second grating vector, such that the second multilayer film acts at zero order as a subtractive filter in lengths of wave, the first and second networks being at least partially superimposed.
• each multilayer film thus defined acts as a DID component whose visual effects are combined according to the personalization data included in the customizable layer.
• the customizable layer is advantageously a layer customizable by laser etching, for example a layer of polycarbonate-type polymer material, comprising laser-reactive additives, the additives being able to opacify under laser illumination.
• the first and second array vectors of the first and second multilayer films respectively forming a first and second DID components have parallel or perpendicular directions, advantageously oriented according to the natural directions (length and width) of the customizable document.
• the coupling in the DID components is then maximal for the same observation axes, which makes it possible to have very contrasting visual effects.
• the standards of the network vectors are different, in order to generate different visual effects for each DID component.
• first and second array vectors when they have perpendicular directions, they may alternatively have identical standards.
• This particular case of presentation of the structured parts of the first and second multilayer films makes it possible, during the authentication of the document after personalization, to have a stable color background by azimuthal rotation of the personalized security document, while the personalization data changes. of color.
• the structured part of a multilayer film has at least one region that is not superimposed on the structured part of the other multilayer film. It is thus possible to create additional visual effects at the non-overlapping regions of the structured parts of the multilayer films.
• the customizable document according to the present description further comprises a layer of opaque structure, the customizable layer and the first and second multilayer films being arranged on the same side of the opaque structure layer.
• This layer of opaque structure is for example, in the case of a customizable document obtained by stacking and merging a number of structural layers, the layer forming the heart of the document.
• This layer called a card core in the case of a card-type customizable document, is generally thicker than the other structure layers and may carry the electronic components forming the chip in the case of a smart card.
• the personalized security document obtained from the customizable document thus described may be authenticated on one side (front side).
• the customizable document according to the present description may comprise a set of all transparent structure layers in the observation spectral band, at least at the level of the transparency zone.
• the personalized security document obtained from the customizable document thus described can be authenticated on both sides (front and back).
• the layer forming the heart of the document, or card core in the case of a document of the card type may to be opaque except in the transparency zone, thanks to a partial opacification or by the insertion of a transparency window.
• the structure layer forming the heart of the document thus defined is also the customizable layer.
• the invention relates to a personalized security document obtained by writing an opaque personalization mask in the thickness of the customizable layer of the customizable document according to the first aspect.
• the personalized security document thus comprises a customizable document according to the first aspect, in which an opaque personalization mask is written in the transparency zone of the customizable layer.
• the personalization mask reproduces for example the identity photo of the holder, already printed or laser-marked on the document.
• the personalization mask has a variable opacity, in order to generate different visual effects on different regions of the personalization data.
• the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a personalized security document intended to be authenticated in an observation spectral band between 380 nm and 780 nm, comprising:
• a first multilayer film and a second multilayer film such as:
• each of the first and second multilayer films comprises a layer of high refractive index encapsulated between two layers of low refractive index, structured on at least a part of its surface to form respectively a first and a second subwavelength grating, such that the first and second multilayer films act at the zero order as subtractive filters at wavelengths,
• the first and second multilayer films are arranged at the level of the transparency zone of the customizable layer so that the first and second networks are at least partly superimposed;
• the non-contact registration of an opaque personalization mask in the customizable layer is made by laser engraving.
• the method comprises the manufacture of each of the multilayer films on a transparent structure layer at least at the level of the transparency zone.
• This variant allows easy handling of the multilayer films, the structure layers carrying the multilayer films can then be integrated as the other structural layers to a customizable document obtained by stacking and melting layers of structure.
• the structure layers supporting the multilayer films are then arranged on either side of the customizable layer.
• the method may comprise the manufacture of at least one of said multilayer films directly on the customizable layer.
• the method comprises the production of at least one of said multilayer films on a structural layer, said manufacture comprising:
• Figure 1 a partial sectional view of a personalized security document according to the invention according to a first variant
• FIG. 2 a partial sectional view of a personalized security document according to the invention according to a second variant
• FIGS. 3A and 3B diagrams illustrating the network vectors associated with the first and second multilayer films in an exemplary embodiment
• FIG. 4 a diagram illustrating the network vectors associated with the first and second multilayer films in another embodiment
• FIGS. 5A to 5D are diagrams illustrating visual effects obtained with a first example of a customizable document, before personalization of the document, in a case of network vectors of the same directions and different standards;
• FIGS. 7A to 7D are diagrams illustrating visual effects obtained with a second example of a customizable document, before personalization of the document, in a case of perpendicular directional network vectors and identical standards;
• FIGS. 9A to 9C of the diagrams illustrating a method of manufacturing multilayer films according to an exemplary embodiment
• FIGS. 10A to 10J are diagrams illustrating methods of manufacturing customizable documents for the manufacture of personalized security documents, according to exemplary embodiments.
• Figures 1 and 2 show in partial sectional views two examples of a security document according to the present description, for example a multilayer polymeric material document type credit card or identity card, or passport sheet.
• This type of document is generally formed in a known manner from a set of layers of thickness of structure generally between 50 and 400 ⁇ , merged together to form a document of nominal thickness 750 ⁇ .
• the structural layers are generally made of plastic material, for example polycarbonate; among the set of layers, a generally thicker layer forms the heart of the document or "heart of card” in the case of a card-type document, and the other layers of structure are distributed equally on both sides. other of the heart of card to form after the merger the card body.
• the multilayer structure comprises an opaque card core 11 represented in hatched form and structural layers on either side (in the example of FIG. layers of structure on one side of the map core).
• the referenced card core 12 is partially opaque, and comprises a transparency window 121.
• the personalized security document 10 shown in FIG. 1 is intended to be authenticated in direct reflection with the naked eye, in an observation spectral band between 380 nm and 780 nm.
• the layer 12 is a transparent layer in the spectral observation band, customizable for example by laser etching to be able to indicate data of customization specific to the cardholder.
• the layer 12 is for example a polycarbonate layer in which are incorporated additives reactive to laser illumination.
• the personalization data is thus in the form of an opaque personalization mask 120, generally discontinuous.
• the personalization mask reproduces the identity photo of the holder of the document, the identity photo can also be recorded on a chip in the document, or can be printed on the document or engraved - for example by laser engraving - in the document.
• the security document 100 comprises a first multilayer film 101 arranged on a first side of the personalized layer 12 and a second multilayer film 102 arranged on a second side of the personalized layer 12, opposite on the first side.
• each of the multilayer films comprises a layer of high refractive index encapsulated between two layers of low refractive index, and structured on at least a portion of its surface to form a sub-length grating.
• each of the multilayer films 101, 102 acts as a DID component characterized by a network vector.
• the first and second networks have different network vectors in norm and / or direction, so that the coupling wavelength of each of the networks for a given viewing direction differs.
• the custom security document comprises in addition to the customizable layer 12 of other layers of structure 11, 13, the structure layer 11 forming the card core.
• the card core 11 is completely opaque, for example white plastic.
• the customizable layer 12 and the multilayer films 101, 102 are arranged on the same side of the layer 11 forming the card core.
• the structure layer 13 is transparent and additionally forms in this example a protective layer of the multilayer film 102.
• Other structural layers (not shown), for example layers of transparent plastic material, are advantageously arranged on the opposite side of the layer 11 forming the card core so that there is a substantially identical layer thickness on either side of the layer 11 forming the card core.
• Authentication of the security document 10 is thus intended to be made only on one side, the document side comprising the customizable layer 12 and the multilayer films 101, 102.
• the structural layers other than the customizable layer 12 can also be customizable layers, for example by laser engraving. However, during the writing of these layers, it will be avoided to create opacity zones at the level of the multilayer films in order to avoid, when customizing the document by writing the personalization mask in the customizable layer 12 located between the films. multilayer 101, 102 to risk introducing parasitic opacity zones between the observation face and the stack multilayer first film 101 - customizable layer 12 - second multilayer film 102.
• Fig. 2 shows a security document substantially similar to security document 10 shown in Fig. 1, but in this particular example, custom layer 12 forms the card core; it is opaque except in an area of transparency 121.
• the layer 12 is formed of bleached plastic, for example polycarbonate, and comprises a window of transparent material.
• the card's heart is transparent and opaque by an opacifying print on each side, or the card's heart is opaque and it is a transparent insert that is integrated.
• the personalization mask 120 is then formed for example by laser engraving in the zone of transparency 121.
• the multilayer films 101 and 102 are arranged according to this variant on either side of the custom layer 12 so as to cover at least part of the transparency zone 121.
• other layers of structure 11 and 13 are arranged on either side of the layer 12 forming the card core, and also form protective layers of the multilayer films 101 and 102. These structural layers are transparent and contribute to stiffen the card.
• the authentication of the document 20 can be performed on both sides, front and back, which offers a new type of control, as will be illustrated later.
• a card core of the type of FIG. 2 opaque with a transparency window
• a first multilayer film stack 101 - customizable layer 12 - second multilayer film 102 of the type of that of the Figure 1 arranged on one side of the layer forming the card core.
• the authentication of the document can also be performed on both sides, front and back.
• we will take care when customizing the document not to write anything in the structure layers located between each of the observation faces (front and back) and the first stack multilayer film 101 - customizable layer 12 - second multilayer film 102, in order to avoid introducing parasitic opacity zones.
• the multilayer films 101 and 102 or more precisely the structured areas of the multilayer films forming the first and second networks as well as the personalization mask 120 overlap at least partially, but are not necessarily perfectly superimposed, which allows to generate particular visual effects.
• FIGS. 3A and 3B show a first particular embodiment of the first and second networks.
• FIG. 3A shows a partial sectional view of a security document in which the multilayer films 101 and 102 are symbolized by the networks, formed here of unidimensional sinusoidal structures forming, in one direction, grating lines.
• the networks are respectively defined by network vectors Kgi and Kg 2 of directions and given standards.
• the direction of the grating vector is given by the direction perpendicular to the direction of the grating lines.
• the standard of the network vector is inversely proportional to the period of the network with which it is associated.
• the multilayer films are arranged on either side of the customizable layer 12 (the personalization mask is not shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B) and are in contact respectively with structure layers 1 1 and 13.
• FIG. 3B represents a partial perspective view of the networks where only the network lines are represented, perpendicular to the direction of the network vectors Kgi and Kg 2 .
• FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate the particular case in which the network vectors are of the same direction and of different standards.
• FIG. 4 represents, as FIG. 3B, a partial perspective view of the networks where only the grating lines are represented, and illustrates another particular example in which the network vectors are of perpendicular directions but of identical standards (networks of the same period).
• the network vectors are advantageously aligned with the axes of the document (axes defining the width and the length).
• FIGS. 5A to 5D illustrate the visual effects obtained with a customizable document in the particular example of network vectors of the same directions but of different standards, as illustrated in FIGS. 3A and 3B, before customizing the customizable layer 12 (the mask customization is not yet formed).
• the security document lit by white light we assume the security document lit by white light.
• FIGS. 5A and 5C schematically show partial sectional views of the customizable document while Figs. 5B and 5D show top views (front), for two component azimuth angles separated by 90 °.
• FIGS. 5A and 5B the customizable observation is made along an axis of observation of the document parallel to the direction of the network vectors
• FIGS. 5C and 5D the observation of the customizable document is made along an axis of observation of the document perpendicular to the direction of the network vectors.
• the coupling wavelength in the multilayer film 101 forming a first component DID is referenced ⁇ and the coupling wavelength in the multilayer film 102 forming a second component DID is referenced ⁇ 2 ( Figure 5A).
• the coupling wavelength in each of the DID components 101, 102 changes; it is referenced respectively ⁇ 4 for the component DID 101 and s for the component DID 102 ( Figure 5C).
• Each DID component acts as a wavelength subtractive mirror that reflects a light wave whose spectral band depends on the coupling wavelength.
• multilayer films arranged in this example with a triangle-shaped pattern 51, are observed with a "color". C3 which results from the combined effects of coupling in the components DID 101 and 102 respectively of the wavelengths ⁇ and ⁇ 2 .
• the customizable document is rotated by 90 ° so that the observation axis is perpendicular to the direction of the array vectors (FIG. 5D)
• a "color" C6 is observed at the location of the multilayer films. which results from the combined coupling effects in the DID components 101 and 102 respectively of the wavelengths ⁇ 4 and ⁇ 5 .
• FIGS. 6A to 6F illustrate the visual effects obtained under conditions identical to those used in the example of FIGS. 5A to 5D, but this time after customization of the customizable layer 12.
• the personalization mask is presented in this example in the form of the sign " ⁇ " and is referenced 120. It is assumed in this example that as in the example of Figure 2, the structure layers 11 and 13 are transparent, allowing a comparative observation of visual effects front and back side.
• FIGS. 6A to 6C represent the personalized security document when the observation is made along an observation axis, for example parallel to the direction of the network vectors
• FIGS. 6D to 6F represent the personalized security document when the observation is made along an observation axis, for example perpendicular to the direction of the network vectors.
• Figs. 6A and 6D are partial sectional views of the customized security document; FIGS. 6B and 6E show the observation of the document on the front side and FIGS. 6C and 6F show the observation of the document on the back side.
• the layer C3 This results from the combined coupling effects in the DID components 101 and 102 respectively of the wavelengths ⁇ and ⁇ 2 . If the security document is rotated 90 ° so that the observation axis is perpendicular to the direction of the array vectors (FIG. 6E), the multilayer films C6 color are observed at the superimposition point. This results from the combined coupling effects in the DID components 101 and 102 respectively of the wavelengths ⁇ 4 and ⁇ 5 .
• Authentication of the personalized security document can thus be done by only observing the front of the component.
• additional authentication of the security document may also be made by comparing the front and back sides of the document.
• FIG. 6C shows the observation of the back side component, when the observation is made along the observation axis parallel to the direction of the network vectors. It is observed that the pattern 51 corresponding to the superposition area of the multilayer films 101, 102, or more precisely the first and second gratings, is substantially of the same color C3 as on the front side. Indeed, the visual effect results from the coupling in the two DID components 101 and 102. At the level of the personalization mask, on the contrary, a "color" C1 is observed which results from the effect of the single DID component 101 and which therefore differs from the color C2 of the personalization data visible on the front side.
• An advantage of a configuration in which the network vectors are of the same directions is that the coupling effect is maximum for the same axes of observation perpendicular to each other, which makes it possible to have very contrasting visual effects.
• FIGS. 7A to 7D and 8A to 8F thus illustrate another example in which, as in the example of FIG. 4, the network vectors of the first and second networks are perpendicular. Moreover, in this particular example, their standards are identical.
• FIGS. 7A to 7D thus illustrate the visual effects obtained with a customizable document in which the directions of the network vectors of the first and second networks are perpendicular and their standards identical, before customization of the customizable layer 12 (the personalization mask is not still formed).
• the customizable document lit by white light.
• FIGS. 7A and 7C schematically show partial sectional views of the security document while Figs. 7B and 7D show top views (front), for two component azimuth angles separated by 90 °.
• FIGS. 7A and 7B illustrate the security document when the observation is made along an observation axis of the document, for example parallel to the direction of the grating vector Kgi and perpendicular to the direction of the grating vector Kg 2
• FIGS. 7C and 7D illustrate the security document after azimuthal rotation of 90 °, the observation taking place along an observation axis of the document parallel to the direction of the grating vector Kg 2 and perpendicular to the direction of the grating vector Kgi.
• the coupling wavelength in the multilayer film 101 forming a first component DID is referenced ⁇ and the length coupling wave in the multilayer film 102 forming a second component DID is referenced ⁇ ' 2 ( Figure 7A).
• the coupling wavelength in each of the DID components 101, 102 becomes ⁇ ' 2 for the DID component, respectively. 101 and ⁇ for the DID component 102 (FIG. 7C).
• Each DID component acts as a wavelength subtractive mirror that reflects a light wave whose spectral band depends on the coupling wavelength.
• multilayer films arranged in this example again with a triangle-shaped pattern 51, are observed with a "color" C '3 which results from the combined effects of coupling in the DID components 101 and 102 respectively wave at wavelengths ⁇ and ⁇ ' 2 .
• the security document is rotated by 90 ° (FIG. 7D)
• multilayer films are observed at the location of the multilayer films and, contrary to the example of FIGS. 5A to 5D, the same color C'3 which results from the combined coupling effects.
• the DID components 101 and 102 respectively waves at wavelengths ⁇ ' 2 and ⁇ .
• FIGS. 8A to 8F illustrate the visual effects obtained under conditions identical to those used in the example of FIGS. 7A to 7D, but this time after customization of the customizable layer 12.
• the personalization mask appears again in this example in the form of the sign " ⁇ " and is referenced 120. It is assumed in this example that as in the example of Figure 2, the structure layers 11 and 13 are transparent, allowing a comparative observation of visual effects front and back side.
• FIGS. 8A to 8C represent the personalized security document when the observation is made along an axis, for example parallel to the direction of the grating vector Kgi and perpendicular to the direction of the grating vector Kg 2 , whereas FIGS.
• FIGS. 8D to 8F represent the custom security document after azimuthal rotation of 90 °, when the observation is made along an axis parallel to the direction of the grating vector Kg 2 and perpendicular to the direction of the grating vector Kgi.
• Figs. 8A and 8D are partial sectional views of the security document; FIGS. 8B and 8E show the observation of the document on the front side and FIGS. 8C and 8F show the observation of the document on the back side.
• FIG. 8C shows the observation of the back side component, in the case of the observation along the axis parallel to the direction of the grating vector Kgi and perpendicular to the direction of the grating vector Kg 2 .
• the pattern 51 corresponding to the superposition area of the multilayer films 101, 102, or more precisely the first and second networks is of the same color C'3 as the front side.
• a color C 1 is observed which results from the effect of the single component DID 101 and which therefore differs from the color C'2 of the customization data visible on the front side.
• the first and second multilayer films, and more specifically the first and second associated networks have been represented in substantially superposed fashion. According to one variant, it is possible for these networks to be offset so that in certain areas of the document there is only one network, which will result in still different colored effects.
• FIGS. 9A to 9C illustrate an example of a method of manufacturing DID multilayer films adapted for a customizable document according to the present description.
• Optical micro structures for forming the first and second gratings are for example recorded by photolithography or electron beam lithography on a photosensitive medium or "photoresist" according to the Anglo-Saxon expression.
• An electroplating step allows to postpone these optical structures in a resistant material for example nickel-based to make a matrix or "master".
• the same matrix can be used to form the first and second networks, when the networks have identical steps.
• FIGS. 9A and 9B The manufacture of a multilayer film according to a variant is illustrated in FIGS. 9A and 9B. It includes for example the deposition on a support layer 91 of a detachment layer 92 or "release layer".
• the support layer is, for example, a film of a few tens of micrometers made of a polymer material, for example PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and the release layer a layer of natural or synthetic wax.
• a first dielectric layer of low refractive index 93 for example a crosslinkable or thermoformable varnish of thickness 1 to 5 ⁇ .
• the deposit may be made in a given pattern for example by printing a UV crosslinking varnish.
• Embossing is performed from the die to transfer the micro structure to the face of at least a portion of the low index layer.
• the stamping can be done for example by molding and crosslinking under UV ("UV casting").
• a layer 94 of high refractive index is then deposited on the first low-index layer, for example a layer of zinc sulphide (ZnS) or titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) with a thickness of typically between 40 and 200 nm, for example between 80 and 150 nm, deposited by evaporation in vacuo or by equivalent means, or in high-index optical polymer material.
• ZnS zinc sulphide
• TiO 2 titanium oxide
• a second layer of low refractive index 95 may then be applied, for example by a coating process, for example an adhesive layer of the glue or varnish type or a crosslinkable layer under UV.
• materials of low refractive index are materials whose refractive indices are lower than the refractive indices of materials called high refractive index materials.
• the refractive indices of the so-called high index materials are equal or substantially equal, for example between 1.8 and 2.9, advantageously between 2.0 and 2.4.
• the refractive indices of the so-called low index materials are equal or substantially equal, for example between 1.3 and 1.8, advantageously between 1.4 and 1.7. As illustrated in FIG.
• the multilayer film 97 thus formed by the stack of layers 93, 94, 95 is transferred hot (or cold) on a layer 96, for example a transparent plastic layer, for example polycarbonate , able to be integrated in a card-type multilayer component.
• a layer 96 for example a transparent plastic layer, for example polycarbonate , able to be integrated in a card-type multilayer component.
• the detachment layers 92 and PET 91 are removed and a support layer of the DID component is obtained that can be integrated in the manufacture of a document, for example a card-like document, like the other structural layers.
• the same layer 96 carries on each of its faces respectively the first and second multilayer films 97 and 97 '.
• Figs. 10A to 10J illustrate alternative methods of making customizable documents according to the present disclosure.
• the DID components are referenced respectively DID1 and DID2 and can be obtained by the manufacturing method described by means of Figures 9A to 9C.
• the customizable documents are obtained by stacking and merging 6 or 8 structure layers numbered 1 to 6 or 1 to 8.
• FIGS. 10A, 10C, 10E, 10G, 101 represent the layers before stacking and FIGS. 10B, 10D, 10F, 10H, 10J represent customizable documents obtained after stacking and merging layers.
• the layers 1 and 2 represent the layers intended to form the heart C of the customizable document.
• the other layers of structure, after stacking and melting, form layers of structure arranged on either side of the core layer C.
• the DID components are due to the stacked structure of the structure layers, buried in the structural layers .
• the layers 1 and 2 for forming the core are completely opaque. This is for example polycarbonate layers, typically 50 to 200 ⁇ .
• On the side of the layer 2 are a stack of three layers of structure 3, 4, 5 transparent, typically of thickness 50 to 200 ⁇ .
• On the side of the layer 1 are 3 layers of structure 6, 7, 8; the layers of structure 6 and 8 have the components DID1 and DID2.
• the layer 7 located between the support layers 6 and 8 of the DID is a customizable layer by contactless registration of the personalization mask, for example by laser engraving.
• the support layer 6 of the DID1 intended to be in contact in this example with the layer 7 is also preferentially a customizable layer for example by laser etching.
• the customizable layer is for example a polycarbonate layer loaded with laser-sensitive additives such as those marketed by DSM under the trademark Micabs TM, or Bayer Makrofol® ID 6-2 laserable.
• Fig. 10B shows a customizable document 100A obtained by stacking and merging the layers shown in Fig. 10A.
• the layers 3, 4, 5 (FIG. 10A) form only one layer of single structure SI.
• the layers 6 and 7 (FIG. 10 A) form only a single structure layer S2, customizable for example by laser etching, arranged between the components DID1 and DID2.
• the layer 8 forms a layer of structure S3.
• the laser etching consists of blackening by application of a laser one of the polycarbonate layers of the stack.
• the polycarbonate layer in question is specifically designed via the incorporation of additives to react with laser radiation.
• a variable opacity can be obtained either by the management of the more or less dense weft point, or by adjusting the amount of laser energy supplied (the color of the point is of a black more or less intense (opaque) depending on the laser energy).
• the card core being opaque in this example, the personalized security document obtained can be authenticated on the front side only, as has been previously described.
• Figure 10C shows an alternative in which 6 layers are intended to be stacked and merged to form a customizable document 100B ( Figure 10D).
• the stack of layers comprises two layers 1 and 2 opaque and intended to form the heart of the document C.
• Layer 6 is a transparent structure layer, also intended to protect the DID2 component.
• a customizable document 100B is obtained, of identical structure to that shown in FIG. 10B.
• the customization of the document can then be done similarly to that described above.
• the layers 1 and 2 intended to form the core are partially opaque, having a window or zone of transparency. This is for example polycarbonate layers, typically 50 to 200 ⁇ , partially bleached or in which a transparent insert is integrated.
• On the side of the layer 2 are a stack of three layers of structure 3, 4, 5 transparent, typically of thickness 50 to 200 ⁇ .
• On the side of the layer 1 are, as in the example of FIG. 10A, 3 layers of structure 6, 7, 8; the structure layers 6 and 8 carry the components DID1 and DID2.
• the layer 7 located between the support layers 6 and 8 of the DIDs is a customizable layer for example by laser etching.
• the support layer 6 of the DID1 intended to be in contact in this example with the layer 7 is also preferentially a customizable layer for example by laser etching.
• Fig. 10F shows a customizable document 100c obtained by stacking and merging the layers shown in Fig. 10E.
• the layers 1 and 2 form the core C having a transparency window T.
• the layers 3, 4, 5 form only one layer of single structure SI.
• the layers 6 and 7 ( Figure 10E) form more than a single structure layer S2, customizable for example by laser etching, arranged between the components DID1 and DID2.
• the layer 8 forms a layer of structure S3.
• the customization of the document can then be done in a similar manner to that described previously in the layer S2.
• Fig. 10G shows a stack of layers similar to that shown in Fig. 10E, but in this example, the components DID1 and DID2 are arranged on either side of the card core.
• the stack comprises layers 1 and 2 intended to form the heart and which are partially opaque, having a window or area of transparency.
• On the side of the layer 2 are a stack of three transparent layers of structure 3, 4, 5, of which one layer, here the layer 3, carries the component DID1.
• On the side of the layer 1 are a stack of three transparent layers of structure 6, 7, 8, a layer of which, here layer 6, carries the component DID2.
• the layers 1, 2, 3, 6 arranged between the components DID1 and DID2 are all or at least part of them, customizable for example by laser etching.
• Figure 10H shows a customizable document 100D obtained by stacking and merging the layers shown in Figure 10G.
• the layers 1 and 2 form the core C having a transparency window T.
• the layers 4, 5 form only one layer of single structure SI.
• Layers 7 and 8 form only one layer of single structure S2.
• Between the components DID1 and DID2 are a stack of layers comprising a layer S '1 (corresponding to the layer 2, FIG. 10G), the transparent zone T of the core C, a layer S' 2 (corresponding to the layer 6, FIG. 10G).
• This stack of layers here forms the customizable layer for example by laser engraving.
• the customization of the document can then be done in a manner similar to that described previously in the customizable layer.
• Figs. 101 and 10J illustrate a variation of Figs. 10G and 10H; the stack of layers is the same but in this variant, the components DID1 and DID2 are partially superimposed. Moreover, the component DID2 is partially superimposed on the transparency zone T. As explained above, this variant makes it possible to create additional visual effects at the non-overlap zones.
• the personalized security document according to the invention and the process for manufacturing said document comprise various variants, modifications and improvements which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. it being understood that these various variants, modifications and improvements fall within the scope of the invention as defined by the following claims.

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