EP3067407B1 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zum vergasen von kohlenstoffhaltigem material - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und verfahren zum vergasen von kohlenstoffhaltigem material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3067407B1
EP3067407B1 EP15158828.2A EP15158828A EP3067407B1 EP 3067407 B1 EP3067407 B1 EP 3067407B1 EP 15158828 A EP15158828 A EP 15158828A EP 3067407 B1 EP3067407 B1 EP 3067407B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filter
gas
hot gas
gasification
region
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15158828.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3067407A1 (de
Inventor
Gaston Glock
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GLOCK, GASTON
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Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to SI201530467T priority Critical patent/SI3067407T1/sl
Priority to EP15158828.2A priority patent/EP3067407B1/de
Priority to TR2018/16526T priority patent/TR201816526T4/tr
Priority to ES15158828T priority patent/ES2696674T3/es
Priority to PT15158828T priority patent/PT3067407T/pt
Priority to LTEP15158828.2T priority patent/LT3067407T/lt
Priority to HUE15158828A priority patent/HUE040505T2/hu
Priority to DK15158828.2T priority patent/DK3067407T3/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to RS20181354A priority patent/RS57998B1/sr
Priority to PL15158828T priority patent/PL3067407T3/pl
Publication of EP3067407A1 publication Critical patent/EP3067407A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3067407B1 publication Critical patent/EP3067407B1/de
Priority to HRP20181834TT priority patent/HRP20181834T1/hr
Priority to CY181101186T priority patent/CY1120840T1/el
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/02—Dust removal
    • C10K1/024—Dust removal by filtration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/22—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues
    • C10J3/24—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed
    • C10J3/26—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed downwardly
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K3/00—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide
    • C10K3/001—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by thermal treatment
    • C10K3/003—Reducing the tar content
    • C10K3/005—Reducing the tar content by partial oxidation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • C10J2300/092—Wood, cellulose
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0959—Oxygen

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus and a method for the gasification of wood or other carbonaceous material according to claims 1 and 3.
  • a special process and a plant for the gasification of lignite are known in which the lignite or brown coal gasified in a reactor, then roughly cleaned in a cyclone and finally finely cleaned in a hot gas filter.
  • an additive for example, (lime) lime, buried, but undesirably reduces the temperature of the reaction gas.
  • fine coal dust and air are added to the raw gas after the reactor, in its transport lines before and / or after the cyclone, by the reaction of which the temperature rises again.
  • the main constituent of all woody plants is about 50% cellulose.
  • Cellulose is a chain-shaped molecule of individual glucose units.
  • the real component of cellulose is cellobiose, a disaccharide (double sugar).
  • Hemicellulose is composed of polymeric carbohydrates whose constituents are pentoses and hexoses. Hemicellulose, like cellulose, is a polysaccharide (polyhydric sugar).
  • the third component of wood is lignin, a polymer of phenylpropane units.
  • the wood In addition to cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, the wood also contains fats, resins, terpenes, dyes, tannins and mineral components.
  • thermo-chemical processing solid bioenergy carriers are transformed primarily under the influence of heat into gaseous secondary energy sources.
  • biomass is converted as completely as possible into flammable gases (ie into so-called synthesis gas) at high temperatures.
  • the process is substoichiometrically an oxygen-containing gasification agent (air) supplied by the u. a. the carbon contained in the biomass can be converted into carbon monoxide.
  • the partial combustion of the feed material provides the required process heat so that the gasification process can even take place (autothermal gasification).
  • the resulting low calorific gas can in burners for heat supply and u. a. used in gas engines or turbines for power generation.
  • the first phase is characterized by the fact that the wood is slowly heated from the outside to the inside. Unbound water is released in the form of water vapor. This process is endothermic (energy is needed).
  • the temperature in the pyrolysis phase or zone ranges between 200 ° C and 400 ° C. At these temperatures, oxygen (O2) and hydrogen (H2) are degassed.
  • the pyrolysis solid is charcoal.
  • the reduction is dependent on the prevailing temperature.
  • the conversion of hydrogen and carbon to methane between 400 ° C and 600 ° C decreases sharply. At temperatures above 1000 ° C no methane is formed.
  • the Boudouard reaction achieves a good yield of carbon monoxide at high temperatures. This reaction is relatively slow.
  • wood is heated by supplying heat and thereby evaporated in the Vergasergut water.
  • the required amount of heat is generated by the partial combustion of the resulting carbonization and the oxidation of carbon and hydrogen.
  • the resulting charcoal serves as a reaction surface for the oxidation and reduction of carbon, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen. This reduces the charcoal, ie the surface of the particles is larger, thus increasing the reaction rate.
  • reaction zone must be considered as a whole and the reduction or oxidation take place simultaneously.
  • Typical calorific values for wood are on the order of 3.5-5.5 MJ / m3, so wood gas is a lean gas.
  • the invention solves this problem with a device having the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1 and with a method having the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 3.
  • it is at least for the most part transferred to the gas stream to the subsequently arranged hot gas filter which accumulates uncharged in the bottom region of the gas generator charcoal.
  • This can be done by appropriate choice of flow rate in the manner of a pneumatic Transportes, as he has been known for a long time as the bulk material promotion.
  • charcoal, as well as coal dust and entrained ash, on the surface of the filter it is preferred filter cartridges, deposited.
  • oxygen (usually in the form of air) is introduced as abruptly as possible, whereby the filter cake is blown off the filter cartridges and, favored by pressure surge and temperature, a second gasification step takes place through which the charcoal or charcoal brought along the coal dust is for the most part gasified.
  • the still non-gasified portion is finally gasified by the oxygen supplied in the lower part of the filter - again preferably in the form of air.
  • the system according to the invention is shown schematically with its elements and components necessary for the invention, albeit without the measuring devices, etc., in the single FIGURE. It essentially has: a gas generator 1 and a hot gas filter 2. wood chips, wood pellets, coal or the like are fed from a storage bin, not shown, via a feed 3 the gas generator 1 fitting at his head and go through in him from the state of Technique known and initially mentioned steps of drying, carbonization, oxidation and reduction, which is indicated in the lower part, indicated by the installation 4, via a line and a manifold system 5 air is supplied appropriately.
  • filter cartridges 7 project from a filter bottom 13 directed downwards into it. Even if a filter cartridge is sufficient under certain circumstances, it is advantageous for continuous operation, if not essential, to provide at least two such filter cartridges 7. Through the filter cartridges through the product gas passes and comes, here referred to as clean gas product in the upper part of the hot gas filter 2, from where it is withdrawn via a clean gas line 8 and the further processing or use is supplied.
  • the filter cartridges 7 are controllably connected to a compressed air supply 9, they can be set by means of this compressed air supply jerky on your clean gas side under pressure to blow off on the raw gas side accumulated filter cake and at least partially gas.
  • a trigger 10 for the non-gasified components and a corresponding ash cone 11 is provided in the lower part of the hot gas filter 2.
  • oxygen for example in the form of air, optionally heated and / or dried, fed into the region below the filter bottom 13 (approximately at the lower end of the filter cartridges), whereby it in the raw gas range of the hot gas filter 2 to another, very complete gasification of the previously not gasified wood components comes.
  • the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, but may be variously modified.
  • several gas generators and / or several hot gas filters can be suitably combined with one another in order to achieve continuous operation even in the case of maintenance. It may be provided in the gas generator for wood components, which are too heavy for the increased train, a discharge for such parts, whether these are then returned to the gas generator or disposed of, depends on the nature of the starting material and the possibility of a return in the Product flow off.
  • the invention can be combined with various other embodiments of the method or the device, as long as the only reaction in the hot gas filter is not disturbed or the other embodiments of the filtering process do not interfere.
  • the height of the entry of the nozzles or other openings of the supply line 12 into the hot gas filter 2 is suitable in the presence of filter cartridges 7 at the lower end. There, when blowing off the filter cake, the entire material will pass, as well as during the undisturbed operation, the not yet gasified material passes as well. Operating parameters such as overpressure and volume flow can be easily determined by a few tests. If different materials are gasified, it may be advantageous to provide nozzles of different heights that can be supplied individually or in groups.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
EP15158828.2A 2015-03-12 2015-03-12 Vorrichtung und verfahren zum vergasen von kohlenstoffhaltigem material Active EP3067407B1 (de)

Priority Applications (12)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15158828.2A EP3067407B1 (de) 2015-03-12 2015-03-12 Vorrichtung und verfahren zum vergasen von kohlenstoffhaltigem material
PL15158828T PL3067407T3 (pl) 2015-03-12 2015-03-12 Urządzenie i sposób zgazowywania materiałów zawierających węgiel
PT15158828T PT3067407T (pt) 2015-03-12 2015-03-12 Dispositivo e método para a gaseificação de material carbonatado
LTEP15158828.2T LT3067407T (lt) 2015-03-12 2015-03-12 Karbonatinės medžiagos dujinimo sistema ir būdas
HUE15158828A HUE040505T2 (hu) 2015-03-12 2015-03-12 Berendezés és eljárás széntartalmú anyag elgázosítására
DK15158828.2T DK3067407T3 (en) 2015-03-12 2015-03-12 Apparatus and method for gasification of carbonaceous material
SI201530467T SI3067407T1 (sl) 2015-03-12 2015-03-12 Naprava in postopek za uplinjanje materialov, ki vsebujejo ogljik
TR2018/16526T TR201816526T4 (tr) 2015-03-12 2015-03-12 Karbon içerikli maddelerin gazlaştırılmasına yönelik cıhaz ve yöntem.
ES15158828T ES2696674T3 (es) 2015-03-12 2015-03-12 Sistema y método para gasificación de material carbonáceo
RS20181354A RS57998B1 (sr) 2015-03-12 2015-03-12 Uređaj i postupak za gasifikaciju ugljeničnih materijala
HRP20181834TT HRP20181834T1 (hr) 2015-03-12 2018-11-06 Sustav za rasplinjavanje ugljičnih materijala
CY181101186T CY1120840T1 (el) 2015-03-12 2018-11-09 Διαταξη και μεθοδος για την αεριοποιηση ανθρακουχου υλικου

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15158828.2A EP3067407B1 (de) 2015-03-12 2015-03-12 Vorrichtung und verfahren zum vergasen von kohlenstoffhaltigem material

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3067407A1 EP3067407A1 (de) 2016-09-14
EP3067407B1 true EP3067407B1 (de) 2018-08-15

Family

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EP15158828.2A Active EP3067407B1 (de) 2015-03-12 2015-03-12 Vorrichtung und verfahren zum vergasen von kohlenstoffhaltigem material

Country Status (12)

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EP (1) EP3067407B1 (lt)
CY (1) CY1120840T1 (lt)
DK (1) DK3067407T3 (lt)
ES (1) ES2696674T3 (lt)
HR (1) HRP20181834T1 (lt)
HU (1) HUE040505T2 (lt)
LT (1) LT3067407T (lt)
PL (1) PL3067407T3 (lt)
PT (1) PT3067407T (lt)
RS (1) RS57998B1 (lt)
SI (1) SI3067407T1 (lt)
TR (1) TR201816526T4 (lt)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3323495B1 (de) 2016-11-16 2020-04-29 Glock Health, Science and Research GmbH Produktgasfilter für abgase von holz-gasreaktoren umfassend filterkerzen und eine zeolith-einspeisung
EP3581636A1 (de) 2018-06-11 2019-12-18 Glock Technology GmbH Vorrichtung und verfahren zum speichern von energie von blockheizkraftwerken

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995024591A1 (de) * 1994-03-09 1995-09-14 Veag Vereinigte Energiewerke Ag Verfahren und anordnung zum betrieb einer druckaufgeladenen zirkulierenden mit braunkohle betriebenen wirbelschichtfeuerung für ein kombikraftwerk
US6077490A (en) * 1999-03-18 2000-06-20 Mcdermott Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for filtering hot syngas
US7896956B2 (en) * 2006-11-30 2011-03-01 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Method for regenerating filter and apparatus thereof
GB2514312B (en) * 2012-12-13 2016-08-31 Future Blends Ltd Filter and process for producing liquid products from biomass pyrolysis products

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK3067407T3 (en) 2018-12-03
HRP20181834T1 (hr) 2018-12-28
CY1120840T1 (el) 2019-12-11
EP3067407A1 (de) 2016-09-14
TR201816526T4 (tr) 2018-11-21
LT3067407T (lt) 2018-11-26
ES2696674T3 (es) 2019-01-17
RS57998B1 (sr) 2019-01-31
HUE040505T2 (hu) 2019-03-28
PT3067407T (pt) 2018-11-26
PL3067407T3 (pl) 2019-01-31
SI3067407T1 (sl) 2018-12-31

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