EP3064037A1 - Agencement de circuit d'attaque d'au moins une première et une deuxième cascade de led - Google Patents

Agencement de circuit d'attaque d'au moins une première et une deuxième cascade de led

Info

Publication number
EP3064037A1
EP3064037A1 EP14792400.5A EP14792400A EP3064037A1 EP 3064037 A1 EP3064037 A1 EP 3064037A1 EP 14792400 A EP14792400 A EP 14792400A EP 3064037 A1 EP3064037 A1 EP 3064037A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
led
node
coupled
voltage
leds
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14792400.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andreas Seider
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Osram GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Osram GmbH filed Critical Osram GmbH
Publication of EP3064037A1 publication Critical patent/EP3064037A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/10—Controlling the intensity of the light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
    • H05B45/395—Linear regulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
    • H05B45/37—Converter circuits
    • H05B45/3725—Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
    • H05B45/375—Switched mode power supply [SMPS] using buck topology
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/40—Details of LED load circuits
    • H05B45/44—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix
    • H05B45/48—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix having LEDs organised in strings and incorporating parallel shunting devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
    • H05B45/56—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits involving measures to prevent abnormal temperature of the LEDs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
    • Y02B20/30—Semiconductor lamps, e.g. solid state lamps [SSL] light emitting diodes [LED] or organic LED [OLED]

Definitions

  • Circuit arrangement for operating at least a first and a second cascade of LEDs
  • the present invention relates to a circuit arrangement for operating at least a first and a second cascade of LEDs comprising an input ei ⁇ nem first and a second input terminal for Kop ⁇ PelN with a rectified AC supply voltage, a linear regulator having an input and a first higher up and a second lower LED unit, wherein the first LED unit comprises the first cascade of LEDs and the second LED unit comprises the second cascade of LEDs.
  • a generic circuit arrangement is known from DE 29 25 692 AI. It is known to feed cascades of LEDs, each comprising a plurality of LEDs, via a rectifier from an AC voltage network. However, this leads to a strong light modulation, a so-called “flicker”, and an energy-inefficient use of the LEDs For higher performance classes, this approach continues to lead to problems with normative specifications in terms of power factor and harmonics.
  • the object of the present invention is to develop a generic circuit arrangement for operating at least one first and one second cascade of LEDs such that a more efficient operation of the LEDs is made possible. This object is achieved by a circuit arrangement having the features of patent claim 1.
  • the present invention is based on the realization that the efficiency and thus the efficiency of a genus processing circuit arrangement according increased as well as the requirements can be met with regard to the power factor when a voltage divider is provided, which is between the first and the second input terminal gekop ⁇ pelt, wherein the tap of the voltage divider is coupled to the input of a linear regulator coupled serially to the LED cascades.
  • a current consumption of the circuit arrangement can be made dependent on the respective phase position of the rectified AC supply voltage.
  • Each LED unit comprises a first diode serially coupled to the respective LED cascade, this first diode serving as a blocking diode.
  • the coupling point of the first diode and the respective LED cascade represents a first node, wherein the not coupled to the first diode terminal of the LED cascade represents a second node, wherein the not coupled to the LED cascade terminal of the first diode has a third Represents node.
  • Each LED unit further has the Se ⁇ riensc Francisco a first capacitor and a second diode which is coupled between the third and the second node, wherein the coupling point of the first Kon ⁇ capacitor with the second diode is a fourth node.
  • Each LED unit also has a first and a second electronic switch each having a control electrode, a reference electrode and a working electrode, wherein the control electrode of the first electronic switch is coupled to a fifth node, wherein the reference electrode of the first electronic switch is coupled to the fourth node, wherein the working electrode of the first electronic switch is coupled to the control electrode of the second electronic ⁇ rule switch, wherein the reference electrode of the second electronic switch is coupled to the third node, wherein the working electrode of the second electronic switch is coupled to the second node.
  • the prerequisite can be created in this way to turn the different LED cascades depending on the instantaneous value of the rectified supply change ⁇ voltage on or off.
  • the third node of the highest LED-unit is coupled to the first input terminal, said second bone ⁇ th the lowermost LED unit is so coupled to the linear regulator, the linear regulator serially connected between the second node of the lowermost LED Unit and the second input terminal is coupled.
  • the third node of each LED unit, which is not the highest LED unit, is coupled to the second node of the next higher LED unit.
  • the respective first electronic switch is switched by Vari ⁇ ation of the potential at the reference electrode, a suitably chosen direct voltage to be applied to their control electrode. Therefore, according to the invention the fifth node of all LED units coupled to a DC power source.
  • the highest LED cascade is associated with at least a switching device, which is designed to switch in a first state, all the LEDs of the LED cascade in series and in a second state a first Hälf ⁇ te of LEDs of the LED cascade of a second half LEDs of the LED cascade to be switched in parallel.
  • This measure takes into account the fact that when a generic circuit arrangement, which is designed, for example, for an AC supply voltage of 200 V, is operated on an AC supply voltage of 100 V, the luminous flux drops to a very small value without further measures. This can occur, for example when a designed for the European market circuit arrangement with an example as ⁇ as usual in Japan mains operated. As a result, the LEDs of the various LED cascades partially no longer light up. This results in an unacceptable inhomogeneity of the luminance.
  • the voltage drop across an LED cascade can be adapted to the actual alternating voltage present. This can be reliably avoided an undesirable inhomogeneity in luminance, poor efficiency and a destruction or premature Old ⁇ tion of components of the circuit.
  • the lower end of the first half of LEDs of at least the highest LED cascade represents a sixth node
  • the higher end of the second half of LEDs of the highest LED cascade represents a seventh node
  • the switching device comprising first, second, and second LEDs a third switch, wherein the first switch is coupled between the sixth and seventh nodes, the second switch coupled between the first and seventh nodes, and wherein the third switch is coupled between the sixth and second nodes.
  • the voltage divider preferably comprises a switch and at least one first and one second ohmic resistance, the switch being designed and arranged to separate the second ohmic resistance from the first ohmic resistance in a first state and the first and the second ohmic resistance in a second state To connect the resistor in parallel.
  • This switch is used to adjust the current value accordingly, so that at half the AC supply voltage of twice the current through the LED cascade (s) flows to achieve a constant light ⁇ performance.
  • the circuit arrangement further comprises a control device which is designed and arranged to detect the amplitude of the voltage applied to the input, wherein the control device is further designed, the at least one switch device and the switch of the voltage divider in dependence of the detected amplitude of the An ⁇ gear applied voltage to control.
  • the control device includes an input voltage detection ⁇ with a corresponding automatic switching. This is preferably realized using a Schmitt trigger and a MOSFET circuit.
  • control device is preferably designed in a first state, which is correlated to a voltage at the input in a first voltage range, to control at least one switching device such that the corresponding LEDs are connected in series and the switch of the voltage divider of the ⁇ art to control that the second ohmic resistance is to ⁇ separates, and in a second state, which is correlated with a voltage at the input in a second voltage range, wherein the second voltage range klei ⁇ nere voltages are assigned as the first voltage ⁇ range , the at least to drive a switching device such that the first half of the LEDs of the second half is connected in parallel, and to control the switch of the voltage divider such that the second ohm ⁇ cal resistance is connected in parallel with the first ohmic resistance.
  • the turn-on durations of the respective LED cascades during operation of the circuit arrangement in the second state are reduced in order to provide a total LED power of the circuit arrangement which substantially corresponds to that in the first state. In this way, an overload of LEDs can be prevented, as will be explained in more detail below.
  • each LED unit comprises a different number of LEDs.
  • the possibility is basically created to make an adjustment of the LED string voltage to the instantaneous value of the rectified supply AC voltage.
  • each higher LED unit comprises twice the number of LEDs as the next lower LED unit. In this way, a particularly uniform adaptation to the rectified AC supply voltage can be made.
  • the first LED unit may comprise, for example, LEDs 26, the second LED unit and the eight drit ⁇ te LED unit four.
  • the switch-on durations of the LEDs located below the highest-lying LED cascade are preferably periodically reduced. In this way, an overload of these lower-lying LED cascades can be reliably avoided.
  • the first half of LEDs is preferably a first capacitor and the second half of LEDs a second capacitor connected in parallel.
  • This be ⁇ then meets at least the LED unit with the highest-lying LED cascade according to the invention. In this way, even with serial operation light modulations and Flicker phenomena are reduced.
  • each further LED unit also comprises at least one second capacitor, which is connected in parallel to the respective LED cascade.
  • the LEDs of the further LED cascades from the respective second capacitor can be supplied in the phases in which the LEDs of the respective cascade are not supplied directly from the rectified AC supply voltage, either because the rectified supply AC voltage is less than the sum of the flux voltages of the respective LED cascade is, or it is, because another LED cascade is active and the respective LED cascade is just shorted.
  • the DC voltage source is realized in that the AC voltage occurring during operation of the circuit arrangement at the second node of the lowest-lying LED unit is used to generate a DC voltage.
  • no separate auxiliary voltage for the generation ⁇ supply the potential at the fifth node must be provided, for example, using a coupled with the rectifier output buck converter; Rather, a particularly sent selected exchange clamping ⁇ voltage signal is utilized within the circuit arrangement in the present case.
  • the alternating voltage occurring at the second node of the lowest-lying LED unit is particularly suitable.
  • auxiliary voltage present has produced single ⁇ Lich a low ripple, and therefore very small capacities can be used compared to other auxiliary power supplies. It is very simple and compact. Moreover, it is also inexpensive for this reason. Particularly advantageous is the fact that a power is taken for the auxiliary voltage supply, which would otherwise have been converted into power loss in the linear regulator. Thus, no additional power dissipation is created by the auxiliary voltage supply, whereby the efficiency of the circuit arrangement is optimized.
  • each LED unit further comprises a third diode coupled between the fifth node and the control electrode of the respective first electronic switch.
  • This third diode serves to protect the control ⁇ electrode of the respective first electronic switch. In accordance with voltage-resistant design of the first electronic switch, these third diodes can be omitted.
  • the DC voltage source ei ⁇ ne charge pump whose input is coupled to the second node of the lowest-lying LED unit and their output ⁇ coupled to the fifth node of all LED units is.
  • a charge pump By using a charge pump, a DC voltage for supplying the fifth node of all LED units can be obtained particularly easily from the alternating voltage occurring at the second node of the lowest-lying LED unit.
  • the charge pump preferably comprises the series connection of a half-wave rectifier and a voltage limiting device. This makes it possible to provide a voltage supply for the fifth node which reliably lies below a predefinable threshold value. By this measure, a particularly low ripple of the auxiliary voltage can be provided.
  • the DC voltage source comprises the series connection of a resistor and a fourth diode, which is coupled between the second node of the lowest LED unit and the fifth node of all LED units, and the parallel connection of a third capacitor and a Zener diode, the zwi ⁇ the fifth node of all LED units and the second input terminal is coupled.
  • the resistor which is connected in series with the fourth diode may be designed as a fixed ohmic resistor. This is preferred if the circuit arrangement does not have to be dimmable. However, if a dimming option is to be provided, the resistor which is connected in series with the fourth diode is designed as a variable resistor for realizing a regulating device of the charge pump. It is preferable if this control device is adapted to the charge pump to control the voltage at the fifth bone ⁇ ten to a predeterminable value.
  • the voltage drop across the linear regulator chip ⁇ voltage that is, in the present case the voltage at the second node of the lowermost LED unit in Phase or Phasenabroughdimmung corresponds to an asymmetrical sawtooth signal having dropout.
  • the third Kon ⁇ capacitor With sufficient current to provide a substantially con- stant predetermined voltage at five ⁇ th node of all the LED units is ensured.
  • the control device of the charge pump is designed as an inverting voltage regulator.
  • the voltage regulator has a third and a fourth electronic switch, each having a control electrode, a working electrode and a reference electrode, wherein the control electrode of the third electronic switch is coupled to the anode of the zener diode, with its reference electrode to the second input terminal and its working electrode the control electrode of the fourth electronic switch, wherein the Steuerelekt ⁇ rode of the fourth electronic switch is further ge ⁇ coupled through a resistor with its working electrode, which in turn is coupled to the cathode of the fourth diode, wherein the reference electrode of the fourth electronic switch having is coupled to the fifth node of all LED units.
  • the third electronic switch measures the current through the zener diode. If no current flow through the Zener diode can be detected, then the voltage at the third capacitor is too low. In the absence of current flow through the zener diode, the third electronic switch becomes non-conductive and in turn as a result of acting as a pull-up resistor ohmic resistance between the working electrode and the control electrode of the fourth electronic switch turned on. In this way, a flow of current from the second node of the lowest LED unit to the third capacitor and thus the fifth node of all LED units is made possible.
  • a Kondensa ⁇ gate coupled between the control electrodes of the third and fourth electronic switch on the one hand and the second input terminal. This serves to filter out cracks, tines and the like, and therefore makes the arrangement less susceptible to interference.
  • a regulating device for regulating the current through the linear regulator can be provided, the input of the regulating device being coupled to the fifth node and the output of the regulating device to the input of the linear regulator.
  • Such crizvorrich ⁇ tion allows, for example, a regulation of the current through the at least one LED unit as a function of temperature.
  • Particularly preferred such crizvorrich ⁇ tung comprises a fifth electronic switch having a control electrode, a reference electrode and a working electrode, and a voltage divider having at least ei ⁇ nem ohmic resistor and a NTC-resistor, the voltage divider between the fifth node and the second input terminal is coupled, wherein the Ab ⁇ handle of the voltage divider is coupled to the control electrode of the fifth electronic switch, wherein the Reference electrode of the fifth electronic switch is coupled to the second input terminal, wherein the working electrode of the fifth electronic switch is coupled to the input of the linear regulator.
  • the voltage causing it to become increasingly conductive ge ⁇ turns increases on the control electrode of the third electronic switch.
  • this measure also provides a Temperaturabschal ⁇ tion when a predetermined maximum temperature is exceeded.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a circuit ⁇ arrangement according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a second exemplary embodiment of a circuit arrangement according to the invention ⁇ ;
  • Figure 3 shows the time profile of the voltages at various nodes of the circuit arrangement of Figure 2 in operation with a first supply ⁇ AC voltage..;
  • Fig. 4 shows the time course of the voltages at different nodes of the circuit arrangement of Fig. 2 when operating with a second supply ⁇ AC voltage, which is half as large as the AC supply voltage used in Fig. 3.
  • 5 is a schematic representation of an alternative to a partial region of the circuit arrangement shown schematically in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of a further alternative to a partial region of the circuit arrangement shown schematically in FIG.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of an inventive Heidelbergungsanord ⁇ tion.
  • An AC line voltage 701 is connected through a rectifier 702 to two nodes 703 and 704.
  • the node 703 is connected to a node 759 via the ohmic resistor Rl.
  • the node 759 is coupled via the series circuit of two diodes D5, D6 and a resistor R3 to the node 704, the Ka ⁇ Thode of the diodes D5, D6 points in the direction of the node 704th
  • the ohmic resistors Rl, R2, the diodes D5, D6 and the ohmic resistor R3 form apulsstei ⁇ ler, whose tap represents the node 759.
  • the ohm see resistor R3 is a switch S4 a resistor R2 parallel switchable.
  • the circuit arrangement further comprises a linear regulator 12, which includes two NPN transistors Ql, Q2 in a Darlington arrangement, and a resistor R5 which is serially referred to the Darlington stage Ql, Q2 ge ⁇ is coupled.
  • the base of transistor Q2 represents the control terminal of linear regulator 12 and is coupled to node 759.
  • a series circuit of present three LED units LEI LE2, LE3 and egg ⁇ nem linear regulator 12 is coupled.
  • the structure of an LED unit is shown below using the example of the LED unit LE3, wherein the structure of the LED units LEI and LE2 is substantially identical, differs only by the number of the respective LEDs and the resulting dimensioning of the components.
  • the LED unit LE3 comprises the LEDs LED43 to LED48, thus 6 LEDs, which are connected in series with one another and form an LED cascade.
  • Serial to the LED diode D33 is coupled to cascade a, wherein the coupling point of the diode D33 and the LED cascade a node N31 Represents ⁇ .
  • the terminal of the LED cascade not coupled to the diode D33 represents a node N32.
  • the terminal of the diode D33 not coupled to the LED cascade represents a third node N33.
  • An optional capacitor C33 may be coupled in parallel with the LED cascade. Between the node N33 and the node N32 is the series connection of a capacitor C32 and a diode D32 coupled, wherein the coupling point of the capacitor C32 with the diode D32 is a node N34.
  • the LED unit LE3 further comprises two electronic switches Q31 and B31, wherein the control electrode of the switch Q31 is coupled to a node N5 via the series connection of a diode D31 and an ohmic resistor R31.
  • the reference electrode of the switch Q31 is coupled to the node N34, while its Anlagenselekt ⁇ rode via a resistor R32 to the control electrode of the switch B31 is coupled.
  • the reference ⁇ electrode of the switch B31 is gekop ⁇ pelt to the node N32, whereas its working electrode is coupled to node N33.
  • the switch B31 is implemented as a Darlington stage and includes the Transis ⁇ factors Q32, Q33 and the ohmic resistors R33 and R34.
  • the Darlington stage instead of the Darlington stage, a single transistor could also be provided.
  • the LED units LE2, LEI have a comparable structure, but each have a different number of LEDs.
  • the LED unit LE2 comprises the LEDs LED29 to LED42, ie 14 LEDs.
  • the LED unit LEI comprises the LEDs LED1 to LED28, which means 28 LEDs.
  • the LEDs are before Trains t ⁇ as dual-core LEDs each having two PN junctions executed.
  • the second node of the lowest LED unit here the node N32, is coupled to the working electrode of the linear regulator 12, while the third node N13 of the highest LED unit LEI is coupled to the node 703.
  • node N5 and the linear regulator ler 12 is coupled to an auxiliary voltage source 14, which will be discussed in more detail below.
  • circuit shown in Figure 1 ⁇ arrangement the following components and dimensions on.
  • C12 470 nf
  • C22 2 yf
  • C32 4 yf
  • C23 100 yf
  • C33 220 yf
  • R4 3 kQ
  • C2 10 yf.
  • the capacitors C13, C14, C23 and C33 are comparatively large dimensioned ⁇ and serve as a buffer capacitor for the LEDs of the respective LED cascade. In this case, it is advantageous that these capacitors only have to be designed for the voltage drop across the corresponding LED cascade and thus not for the full magnitude of the mains AC voltage VI. Accordingly, these con ⁇ capacitors can be made smaller and thus space-saving.
  • the diodes Dil, D21, D32, are optional and can be ⁇ saves, if the transistors QU, Q21 and Q31 are designed to be resistant to voltage.
  • the diodes D5 and D6 serve to compensate for the base-emitter voltage of the transistors Q1 and Q2.
  • the across ohmic resistor R3 from ⁇ falling voltage is therefore substantially equal to the voltage dropped across the ohmic resistor R5.
  • the current through the resistor R5 is therefore semi-sinusoidal ⁇ shaped. It follows that the current through the circuit follows the input voltage, resulting in a good power factor and low EMC interference.
  • the transistor Bll is operated at a switching frequency of about 100 Hz. A possibly due to this switching frequency perceptible flicker is prevented by the associated buffer capacitors C13 and C14.
  • the transistor B21 operates with a switching frequency of about 200 Hz and the switch B31 with a switching frequency of about 400 Hz.
  • the combination of the capacitor C12 and the diode D12 constitutes a peak detector for the LED unit LEI. Accordingly, the capacitor C22 and the diode D22 provide a peak detector for the LED unit LE2 and the capacitor C32 and the diode D32 a peak value detector for the LED unit LE3.
  • the transistors QU, Q21 and Q31 act as Komparato- ren. The operation will be described by way of example to the hand ⁇ lowermost LED unit LE3.
  • the resistor R32 is designed in combination with the capacitor C32 so that the capacitor C32 is only slightly discharged during the longest expected switch-on of the switch B31.
  • the voltage source 14 provides a voltage offset as a minimum voltage, for example in the amount of 6 V, which should not be undershot in the case of the switch Q1, Q2 of the linear regulator 12.
  • the transistor Q31 compares the voltage 6 V with the voltage at the node N34. If the switch B31 turns on, the LEDs LED43 to LED48 are bypassed, that is short-circuited. This also shifts the working points the remaining control units for the LEDs of the LE2 and LEI LED units.
  • the instantaneous output voltage of the rectifier 702 at the node 703 is also present at the point N32.
  • the nodes N32 and N33 are at the same potential, since the switches Q32 and B31 were lei ⁇ tend assumed.
  • the voltage provided by the auxiliary voltage source 14 to the node N5 is assumed to be 6 V in the exemplary embodiment.
  • the capacitor C32 is charged at the beginning of the half cycle from the previous cycle to +18 volts. These 21 V result from 6 times the forward voltage of diodes LED43 to LED48, with each forward voltage, as mentioned above, of 3V Is accepted. This results in a potential of -18V at node N34.
  • the node N5 is charged by the auxiliary power source 14 to 6V. This results in a current flow through the diode D31, the resistor R31 and the transistor Q31.
  • the transistor Q31 is conductive, since at its base a potential of about 6 V is applied, at its emitter, a potential of about minus 18 V.
  • the fact that the Transis ⁇ gate Q31 is conductive, and the switch B31 is conductive. Accordingly, the current flows past the LED of the LED unit LE3 cascade, that is, the LED cascade is shorted ⁇ closed and not supplied with current.
  • the switches B21 and Bll are conductive, so that the LED cascades of the LED units LEI and LE2 are not energized. This situation represents the starting point of a half-wave of the rectified mains AC voltage VI.
  • linear regulator 12 begins to become gradually conductive.
  • the potential at node N33 is equal to the potential at node N32.
  • the potential at node N33 increases until the potential at node N34 is about 5.3 V (potential at node N5 minus the forward voltage of diode D31).
  • the base-emitter voltage of the transistor Q31 becomes 0V.
  • the scarf ⁇ ter Q31 and B31 in the off state that is, the potentials at the nodes N33 and N32 are decoupled.
  • the potential at the node N33 remains at 26.3 V.
  • the linear regulator 12 Since the linear regulator 12 wants to maintain the current flow through the ohmic resistor R5 in accordance with the specification of the voltage divider due to a corresponding control by the voltage divider, the linear regulator 12 is switched to an increasingly conductive state Potential at node N32 decreases until the setpoint current is set. This is the case when the voltage at node N32 has dropped to 4.6V. This value follows from the potential at node N33, which, as shown above, after switching off the switches Q31 and B31, is 26.3 V minus 7 times the diode forward voltage of 3 V, minus 0.7 V for the forward voltage the diode D33. This creates the condition that the current flows through the LED cascade of the LED unit LE3, which is why this cascade lights up from this time (if the optional capacitor C33 is missing, if it is available, its charge must be considered).
  • the half wave continues to increase, where ⁇ continues to increase due to the potential at the node N33.
  • the potential at the node N32 thus also increases.
  • a buck converter is used for the provision of an auxiliary ⁇ voltage, which is coupled to the output of the rectifier.
  • the voltage drop at the linear regulator 12 that is to say the voltage at the node N32, is used to generate an auxiliary voltage for the node N5. Due to the binary According to the LED cascades, the linear regulator 12 can pick up a sawtooth-like voltage that fluctuates between 0 and 26.7 V until all LED cascades are switched on. If all LED cascades are activated, the linear regulator drops a voltage resulting from the difference between the input voltage and the sum of the voltages dropping across the LED cascade.
  • this sawtooth voltage may be used to generate an auxiliary voltage ⁇ by means of an RC element R4, C2 and the rectifier and Zener diode D3, D2.
  • This auxiliary voltage has only a small ripple, so compared to at ⁇ their auxiliary power supplies very small capacity can be used. It is very simple and compact. Moreover, it is also inexpensive for this reason. Particularly advantageous is the fact that for the auxiliary voltage supply a current is taken, which would otherwise have been converted in the linear regulator 12 in power loss. Consequently, according to the invention, a parasitic power is used to generate the auxiliary voltage at the node N5. Thus, by the auxiliary voltage supply no additional loss ⁇ performance, the efficiency of the circuit is optimized.
  • the controller 20 is coupled between the terminals 703 and 704 and configured to detect the amplitude of the rectified AC supply voltage.
  • the STEU ⁇ ervoruze 20 controls the switches Sil, S12, S13, S21, S22, S23, S31, S32 and S33.
  • the control device detects a voltage of 200 V at the input, it controls the switches as follows: S12, S13, S22, S23, S32, S33 nonconductive and Sil, S21, S31 conducting.
  • the control device 20 controls the switch S4, so that it is non-conductive at the specified voltage range. All LEDs of the LED unit are LEI would take through the described Heidelbergsdorf- ge ⁇ switches in series. The same applies to the LEDs of the LED unit LE2 and the LED unit LE3.
  • control device 20 determines that the voltage at the output of the rectifier is in the range in a second voltage that is lower than the first voltage ⁇ area, that is the voltage, for example 100 V be ⁇ wears, it controls the switches as follows : S12, S13, S22, S23, S32, S33 conductive and Sil, S21 and S31 non-conductive. Moreover, the switch S4 is turned on.
  • a first half of the LED unit LEI comprising the LEDs LED1 to LED14 is now connected in parallel to a second half of the LED unit which comprises the LEDs LED15 to LED28.
  • the LEDs LED28 to LED35 are the LEDs LED36 to LED42 connected in parallel by the said switch position.
  • the series connection of the LEDs LED43 to LED 45 of the series connection of the LEDs LED46 to LED 48 is connected in parallel.
  • the LED unit LEI has a switching device SV1.
  • the numbers of LEDs in the respective LED units are changed.
  • the LED unit LEI comprises the LEDs LED1 to LED26, that is to say 26 LEDs, the LED unit LE2 the LEDs LED27 to LED34, ie eight LEDs, and the LED unit LE3 the LEDs LED35 to LED38, ie four LEDs.
  • the illustrated, non-binary fitting of the LED units LEI, LE2 and LE3 with LEDs makes it possible, even if, as shown, only the LED unit LEI comprises a switching device SV1, to realize an adequate electrical performance characteristic.
  • FIG. 3 shows in this context the time course of the voltages at the nodes 703, N12, N22 and N32 when operating with a comessvorsorgungs batschreib of 200 V.
  • the LEDs of the LED unit LEI by appropriate control of the switching device SV1 connected in series.
  • Fig. 3 is entered into the respective closed areas, which LED unit is responsible for the respective voltage drop, that is turned on.
  • Fig. 4 shows the time course of the corresponding quantities, however, during operation of the circuit arrangement of Figure 2 with an AC supply voltage of 100 V.
  • LED Unit LEI has 52 serial PN junctions operating at 200V and two parallel strings of 26 serial PN junctions operating at 100V; Strand 2 has 16 serially connected PN junctions; and strand 3, eight serially connected PN junctions.
  • the position of the switch S4 causes the linear regulator 12 to be switched to double current, so that the appropriate rated current for the double parallel connection of 26 LEDs of the string 1 is set.
  • this could overload strands 2 and 3. Therefore it can be provided to reduce their periodically recurring on-duration accordingly.
  • the overall LED power remains constant even in 100 V mode, as measured by the 200 V mode.
  • the flux voltages of the strands 1 and 2 are deliberately chosen by the corresponding number of LEDs so that the third strand in the mains voltage maximum (90 °) is no longer switched on. State 8 and 9 from the above table is not achieved. This prevents overloading of the LEDs in the third strand.
  • a shortening of the on-duration of the string 2 can be achieved by releasing the string 1 earlier in the 100 V mode and remaining active for longer than in the 200 V mode, and by setting the phase-in phase of the string 2 significantly shorter than the mains voltage maximum in 200V mode. Both are achieved in that the resulting flux voltage of the strand 1 is selected by ent ⁇ appropriate insertion with LEDs less than twice the forward voltage of strand 2.
  • Fig. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of the auxiliary voltage supply 14.
  • the input of the regulating device 16 is coupled to the node N5, the output to the control electrode of the switch Q2.
  • the control device 16 comprises a transistor Q3 and a voltage divider, the ohmic resistors R7 and R9 and a NTC resistor to ⁇ sums.
  • the tap of the voltage divider is coupled to the STEU ⁇ erelektrode of the transistor Q3.
  • the collector of transistor Q3 is coupled to the control electrode of the switching ⁇ ters Q2.
  • the transistor Q3 is turned increasingly conductive which ⁇ increasingly passes through the switch Ql in the blocking state. As a result, the current through the resistor R5 decreases, whereby the power converted in the LEDs is reduced. If the temperature is so high that the switch Q3 is fully turned on, a Tempe ⁇ raturabsciens the circuit arrangement is realized.
  • the control device 16 is operated by means of the auxiliary voltage at the node N5.
  • an inrush current delay is shown, which comprises the diode D8 and the parallel circuit of the capacitor C7 and the ohmic resistor R6. This will cause the voltage at the base of transistor Q2 to increase slowly until capacitor C7 has charged to its peak value. This results in the advantage that no inadmissibly high power dissipation in the transistor Ql occurs at the moment of switch-on. Likewise, it makes it possible to operate several modules on a home fuse without them tripping on switch-on.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of a further alternative of a subregion of the circuit arrangement according to the invention shown in FIG. 1.
  • the ohmic resistor R4 see FIG. 1, is designed as a variable resistor, whereby a regulation of the voltage at the node N5 is provided.
  • the circuit arrangement for dimmer operation can be used. In the case of phase-angle and phase-section dimmers, there is in part no longer sufficient voltage available at the linear regulator 12 in order to maintain the auxiliary voltage at the node N5.
  • the voltage regulator comprises two electronic switches Q4, Q5, each having a control electrode, a Häelekt ⁇ rode and a reference electrode.
  • the control electrode of the switch Q4 is gekop ⁇ pelt to the anode of Zener diode D2, its reference electrode to the reference potential, lying upstream the second input terminal 704, and its Ar ⁇ beitselektrode to the control electrode of the switch Q5.
  • the control electrode of the switch Q5 is coupled via a pull-up resistor RIO to its working electrode, which in turn is coupled to the cathode of the diode D3. His reference electrode is gekop pelt ⁇ to the node N5.
  • a capacitor Cl is provided, which is coupled between the control electrodes of the switches Q4 and Q5 and the reference potential. How it works: The switch Q4 measures the current through the Zener diode D2, and then, when the Zener diode D2 does not conduct, the voltage across the capacitor C2 is too small. Because no current flows through the zener diode D2, the switch Q4 becomes nonconductive.
  • the switch Q5 when the voltage at its collector is higher than at the emitter as a result of the pull-up resistor R4 Maschinenbau ⁇ tet and thus supplies the capacitor C2 with Ladsträ ⁇ like. Accordingly, the switch Q5 turns on when the circuit on the series regulator 12 is greater than the sum of the forward voltage of the diode D3, the base-emitter Voltage of the switch Q5 and the voltage at the capacitor C2.
  • RIO is 1kQ and Cl is 200nF.
  • the invention can also be implemented with a different number of LED units, with different numbers of LEDs, or other AC supply voltages ⁇ .

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un agencement de circuit d'attaque d'au moins une première et une deuxième cascade de LED, lesquelles cascades de LED contiennent un nombre différent de LED. Celles-ci sont commandées en alternance par une logique de commande adéquate, de manière adaptée à la valeur instantanée de la tension alternative d'alimentation redressée. Les cascades de LED sont associées à des groupes de LED (LE1, LE2, LE3) dont chacun comprend un dispositif d'attaque servant à commander la cascade de LED respective. Les groupes de LED (LE1, LE2, LE3) sont connectés en série entre les deux bornes d'entrée (703, 704), lesquelles bornes d'entrée (703, 704) sont formées par la sortie d'un redresseur (702). En série avec les cascades de LED est disposé un régulateur linéaire (12), commandé par le biais d'un diviseur de tension (R1, R2, R3, D5, D6), connecté entre les deux bornes d'entrée (703, 704). Pour s'adapter à différentes tensions alternatives d'alimentation, au moins la cascade de LED supérieure (LE1) est associée à un dispositif de commutation conçu pour connecter toutes les LED (LED1 à LED28) de la cascade de LED (LE1) en série dans un premier état et pour connecter une première moitié des LED (LED1 à LED14) de la cascade de LED (LE1) en parallèle avec une deuxième moitié des LED (LED15 à LED28) de la cascade de LED (LE1) dans un deuxième état.
EP14792400.5A 2013-10-31 2014-09-24 Agencement de circuit d'attaque d'au moins une première et une deuxième cascade de led Withdrawn EP3064037A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201310222226 DE102013222226B3 (de) 2013-10-31 2013-10-31 Schaltungsanordnung zum Betreiben mindestens einer ersten und einer zweiten Kaskade von LEDs
PCT/EP2014/070417 WO2015062790A1 (fr) 2013-10-31 2014-09-24 Agencement de circuit d'attaque d'au moins une première et une deuxième cascade de led

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EP3064037A1 true EP3064037A1 (fr) 2016-09-07

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US (1) US20160262234A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3064037A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2016535406A (fr)
KR (1) KR20160079075A (fr)
CN (1) CN105684553A (fr)
DE (1) DE102013222226B3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015062790A1 (fr)

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DE102016120100A1 (de) * 2016-10-21 2018-04-26 Automotive Lighting Reutlingen Gmbh Schaltungsanordnung einer Beleuchtungseinrichtung eines KFZ sowie Signalwandler und Verfahren zur Ansteuerung eines Schaltelements
DE102018201365A1 (de) 2018-01-30 2019-08-01 Osram Gmbh Schaltungsanordnung zum betreiben mindestens zweier led-stränge an einer spannung
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JP2016535406A (ja) 2016-11-10
CN105684553A (zh) 2016-06-15
WO2015062790A1 (fr) 2015-05-07
DE102013222226B3 (de) 2015-04-16
US20160262234A1 (en) 2016-09-08
KR20160079075A (ko) 2016-07-05

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