EP3063538A1 - Electrode a membrane polymerique pour la detection potentiometrique d'au moins un analyte present dans une solution et capteur chimique comprenant une telle electrode - Google Patents
Electrode a membrane polymerique pour la detection potentiometrique d'au moins un analyte present dans une solution et capteur chimique comprenant une telle electrodeInfo
- Publication number
- EP3063538A1 EP3063538A1 EP14790102.9A EP14790102A EP3063538A1 EP 3063538 A1 EP3063538 A1 EP 3063538A1 EP 14790102 A EP14790102 A EP 14790102A EP 3063538 A1 EP3063538 A1 EP 3063538A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- electrode
- polymeric membrane
- membrane electrode
- solvent mixture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
- G01N27/333—Ion-selective electrodes or membranes
- G01N27/3335—Ion-selective electrodes or membranes the membrane containing at least one organic component
Definitions
- the invention relates to a polymer membrane specific electrode for the potentiometric quantitative detection of at least one analyte present in a solution as well as to a chemical sensor comprising such an electrode.
- analyte is meant a chemical species present in solution, which may be, more specifically, selected from ions or organic compounds of interest (such as urea, glucose).
- Such sensors are useful in the field of the environment or health, in particular for the management of water quality. They can be used especially in water analysis laboratories, to measure the concentration of certain ions, in order to access the hardness of the water.
- Such sensors may also be useful in other fields, such as:
- the medical field and more specifically the field of diagnosis for example, for the analysis of blood constants with a view to detecting certain pathologies, such as a renal impairment;
- flame ionization detection in which the eluate to be analyzed enters a flame obtained by combustion of hydrogen and air, whereby ions collected by two electrodes are formed, between which a potential difference is applied; from which results an electric current, which is recorded and correlated with the amount of ions detected;
- a device making it possible to implement this method comprises at least one cell comprising an indicator electrode and a reference electrode which dive into the solution to be analyzed, said electrodes being connected to at least one unit making it possible to measure the electrical potential variations and possibly to correlate these variations with the activity of the analyte to be detected.
- the reference electrode is an electrode whose potential E r ef exactly known, is independent of the concentration of analyte and any other species present in the solution to be analyzed.
- this reference electrode may be a calomel electrode or an Ag / AgCl electrode.
- the indicator electrode is a measuring electrode, which develops, in contact with the solution to be analyzed, a potential Emd, which is a function of the activity of the analyte.
- This electrode may be in the form of a membrane electrode whose membrane is selective for the analyte whose presence it is desired to determine.
- This electrode when it is intended for the determination of ions, can be qualified as an ion-selective or ion-selective electrode (this type of electrode being known under the name of electrodes ISE for "selective lonic electrode”). .
- membrane electrodes as illustrated in Figure 1 are conventionally in the form of a tube (referenced 3), for example cylindrical, which may be a polymeric material (such as a vinyl material such as polyvinyl chloride) having an upper end 5 and a lower end 7, the latter being intended to be in contact with the solution to be analyzed.
- the lower end 7 is closed by a so-called sensitive and selective polymeric membrane 8, because it will be able to preferentially capture an analyte of a particular species.
- the aforementioned tube has an internal cavity 9 filled with an internal electrolyte solution (or internal filling solution or, more simply, electrolyte) conventionally consisting of an aqueous solution comprising a salt, for example an alkaline salt such as NaCl, in which an electrical contact element 11 is immersed (this element can also be described as a contact electrode, because it serves to "recover" the potential induced by the fixation of the analyte on the membrane) .
- an internal electrolyte solution or internal filling solution or, more simply, electrolyte
- an aqueous solution comprising a salt
- an electrical contact element 11 is immersed (this element can also be described as a contact electrode, because it serves to "recover" the potential induced by the fixation of the analyte on the membrane) .
- Effective electrodes of this type must have a lifespan, which is not limited to a few days and what is more, must also have a good reproducibility in time, namely an ability to give identical results in time during measurements made under similar conditions.
- the polymeric membrane electrodes comprising, as internal electrolyte solution, an aqueous solution based on at least one salt, have a limited lifetime (of the order of a few days) and also a reproducibility limited in time, because it has been found, for identical measurement conditions, an offset of the potential difference values measured as time passes.
- the invention relates to a polymer membrane electrode for the potentiometric detection of at least one analyte present in a solution, which comprises, as internal electrolyte solution, a solution comprising at least one solvent, which is glycerin, said electrode being advantageously in the form of an electrode body, one end of which is intended to be in contact with the solution to be analyzed and comprising an internal cavity filled with the internal solution of electrolyte and further comprising an electrical contact element, said internal electrolyte solution providing the junction between said membrane and said electrical contact element.
- internal electrolyte solution is meant the solution which joins, within the internal cavity of the electrode, between the polymeric membrane and the electrical contact element. It is also possible to mention, instead of the terminology of internal electrolyte solution, the following terminologies: internal filling solution, internal reference solution or even more simply electrolyte.
- the internal electrolyte solution may comprise a single solvent, which is glycerin (which means, in other words, that the glycerin content in the solvent is 100%) or may comprise a solvent mixture comprising glycerine, for example, a mixture of glycerine and water.
- this mixture of solvents may comprise glycerin, preferably at least 30% by weight relative to the total mass of the solvent mixture, this solvent mixture comprising, in addition to glycerin, preferably water.
- the solvent mixture comprises at least 50% glycerin, advantageously 50% to 80%, and in particular 60 to 70% by weight relative to the total weight of the mixture of glycerol. solvents, this solvent mixture comprising, in addition to glycerin, preferably water.
- this solvent mixture comprising, in addition to glycerin, preferably water.
- the behavior of the electrode is particularly stable, because the composition of the internal electrolyte solution does not evolve significantly, which means, in other words, that the membrane of the electrode does not undergo, at the time, significant deformation and that the electrode can thus provide a stable response over time.
- the resulting electrodes can be sterilized by the ethylene oxide sterilization process (ETO process), which is not possible with the electrodes comprising in their internal solutions of water, because the presence of water prevents sterilization.
- ETO process ethylene oxide sterilization process
- the internal electrolyte solution of which comprises, as sole solvent, glycerine can then be associated with a body fluid analysis device, in particular, when the device also provides extraction or reinjection into a living body.
- the internal electrolyte solution may comprise one or more salts chosen, for example, from:
- alkaline salts such as sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl);
- alkaline earth salts such as calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ).
- salt is meant any type of salt, metallic or organic, capable of being recognized by an ionophoric compound present in the membrane constituting the electrode.
- the salt or salts may be present, within the solution, at a concentration ranging from 10 -6 mol / l to a saturation concentration, preferably from 10 -6 mol / l to 3 mol / l, for example 100 mmol / L.
- glycerin acts as a solvent vis-à-vis these salts, the latter being dissolved in glycerine.
- the electrode comprises, as its name indicates, a polymeric membrane, which may be, in particular, an ion-selective polymeric membrane (which can thus be described as an ISE membrane), when the analyte is an ion.
- a polymeric membrane which may be, in particular, an ion-selective polymeric membrane (which can thus be described as an ISE membrane), when the analyte is an ion.
- an ion-selective polymeric membrane may comprise the following constituents:
- plasticizing agents used in order to reduce the glass transition temperature of the polymer (s) and thus to soften them.
- the polymer (s) intended to form the polymer matrix may be vinyl polymers, such as polyvinyl chloride, polysiloxanes or polyurethanes.
- the polymer or polymers may be included in the membrane at a level of 20 to 40% by weight relative to the total mass of the membrane.
- the active substance (s) intended to capture the ion (s) may be chosen from:
- the active substance (s) may be included in the membrane at a level of 1 to 5% by weight relative to the total mass of the membrane.
- the ionophoric compounds are compounds making it possible to trap the ion or ions to be analyzed, for example by forming with them dative, van der Waals and / or hydrogen bonds.
- Suitable ionophoric compounds may be organic compounds forming a cage, such as compounds called "crowns”.
- calixarene compounds such as the tetraethyl ester of 4-tert-butylcalix [4] arene-tetracetic acid, which have the particular ability to trap Na + sodium ions (this compound being sold by Sigma Aldrich under the name lonophore X).
- the plasticizer (s) may be chosen from adipic acid diesters such as, for example, dioctyl adipate (known by the abbreviation DOA).
- DOA dioctyl adipate
- the plasticizer (s) may be included in the membrane in an amount of 50 to 70% by weight relative to the total mass of the membrane.
- the membrane electrodes of the invention are advantageously in the form of an electrode body (such as a hollow cylindrical tube or a parallelepipedal chamber), one end of which is intended to to be in contact with the solution to be analyzed (ie, in other words, the end closed by the polymeric membrane) and comprising an internal cavity filled with the internal electrolyte solution as defined above and further comprising an electrical contact element, said internal electrolyte solution providing the junction between said membrane and said electrical contact element.
- an example of a membrane electrode corresponding to this definition is illustrated in FIG. 1 already described above.
- the electrode body may be of a polymeric material, such as a polyvinyl material (such as polyvinyl chloride), a polyolefin material (such as polypropylene), a polymethacrylate material (such as polymethylmethacrylate) or a polycarbonate material.
- a polymeric material such as a polyvinyl material (such as polyvinyl chloride), a polyolefin material (such as polypropylene), a polymethacrylate material (such as polymethylmethacrylate) or a polycarbonate material.
- the electrical contact element may be a metal rod, one end of which is immersed in the internal electrolyte solution and the other end is connected to the external circuit. It may also be in the form of a metal pellet, such as a silver pellet.
- the polymeric membrane electrodes of the invention may be developed by a variety of methods, including a method comprising the following steps:
- the constituent (s) of the polymeric membrane of the solution may be the same as those mentioned above.
- the solution comprising the constituent (s) of the polymeric membrane advantageously comprises at least one organic solvent, such as an apolar organic solvent, such as a cyclic ether (for example, tetrahydrofuran).
- the polymeric membrane electrodes of the invention can also be produced by a process comprising the following steps:
- the constituents of the polymeric membrane may be the same as those defined above.
- the solution advantageously comprises at least one apolar organic solvent, for example chosen from cyclic ethers, such as tetrahydrofuran.
- the polymeric membrane electrodes are for the potentiometric detection of at least one analyte present in a solution, which means, in other words, that these electrodes are destined to be integrated into chemical sensors. .
- the invention also relates to a chemical sensor for the potentiometric detection of an analyte present in a solution, said sensor, as represented in FIG. 2 appended hereto, comprising at least one cell comprising:
- At least one reference electrode 17 At least one reference electrode 17;
- these electrodes being connected to a unit 19 for measuring the electrical potential variations between the polymeric membrane electrode and the reference electrode.
- This reference electrode may conventionally be a calomel electrode or an Ag / AgCl electrode.
- the sensor of the invention may comprise a plurality of polymer membrane electrodes in accordance with the invention and mounted in parallel, which makes it possible to obtain an average value of potential and thus to avoid having to recalibrate before carrying out a measurement. previously the sensor.
- Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional representation of a polymeric membrane electrode.
- Figure 2 is a cross-sectional representation of a chemical sensor comprising a membrane electrode according to the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the evolution of the potential U (in mv) as a function of the dive time t (in seconds s) of a membrane electrode for various tests carried out in the context of Example 1 below. below.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the evolution of the potential U (in mV) as a function of the concentration of a Na + C solution (in mmol / L) for various tests carried out in the context of Example 1 below. below.
- FIG. 5 is a graph representing the evolution of the variation of potential (expressed in mV) as a function of the measurement time t (expressed in weeks S) for various tests carried out in the context of Example 2 below.
- FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating the evolution of the electric potential variation U (mV) as a function of the concentration of the aqueous solution of sodium chloride C (in mM) for various tests carried out in the context of example 4 below.
- FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating the evolution of the electric potential variation U (mV) as a function of the concentration of the aqueous solution of potassium chloride C (in mM) for various tests carried out in the context of example 4 below.
- This example illustrates, initially, the preparation of an electrode according to the invention.
- a cylindrical tube 3 cm in height and 5 mm in diameter, intended to form the electrode body, is immersed to half-height in a polymeric membrane solution.
- This polymeric membrane solution is derived from a mixture to which a solvent is added.
- the aforementioned mixture comprises the following ingredients:
- polyvinyl chloride at a level of 30% by weight relative to the total mass of the mixture
- dioctyl adipate also called DOA
- DOA dioctyl adipate
- a specific ionophore calixarene compound the tetraethyl ester of 4-tert-butylcalix [4] arene-tetracetic acid sold by Sigma-Aldrich under the name lonophore X, this compound being present at a level of 5% by weight relative to the total mass of the mixture;
- tetrakodecylammonium tetrakis (4-chlorophenyl) borate salt this compound being present at a level of 5% by weight relative to the total mass of the mixture.
- the tube is then removed from the solution, whereby the solution leaves a film at the end of the cylindrical type.
- the tube is then allowed to dry, which transforms the remaining solution into a polymeric membrane sensitive to Na + ions.
- the cylindrical tube thus closed at one of its ends by the sensitive polymeric membrane is filled with a solution composed solely of glycerin and NaCl (100 mmol / L).
- the electrode thus obtained is mounted in a cell to form a chemical sensor, with a reference electrode (a silver wire with a diameter of 0.8 mm chlorinated on its surface to form a layer of AgCl), the two electrodes being connected to a unit of measurement of the potential difference.
- the two electrodes are immersed successively in three different solutions, which are as follows:
- FIG. 3 represents the evolution of the potential U (in mv) as a function of the dive time t (in s) with:
- an internal electrolyte solution comprising a mixture of glycerin-water solvents (30% by weight of glycerin for 70% by weight of water) and 100 mM of NaCl.
- Example 1 a chemical sensor according to the invention already described in Example 1 is used.
- This sensor was respectively used with an aqueous solution at 10 mmol / L and with a 100 mmol / L aqueous solution and the variations of potentials were measured over several weeks.
- FIG. 5 illustrates the evolution of the potential variation U (expressed in mV) as a function of the measurement time t (expressed in weeks) (curve a) for the experiment with the solution at 10 mmol / L and curve b) for the experiment with the solution at 100 mmol / L).
- an electrode according to the invention (so-called first electrode) was prepared.
- a small volume element in the form of a parallelepiped chamber having a height of 5 mm and two opposite faces (one of which is open on the outside before formation of the membrane) of 4 * 4 mm
- the surface is filled with an internal electrolyte solution comprising only glycerin and 100 mM NaCl until it is flush with the open end of the element.
- an internal electrolyte solution comprising only glycerin and 100 mM NaCl until it is flush with the open end of the element.
- a drop of 500 ⁇ of a solution of polymeric membrane is deposited, which is derived from a mixture, to which a solvent is added.
- the aforementioned mixture comprises the following ingredients:
- polyvinyl chloride at a level of 30% by weight relative to the total mass of the mixture
- dioctyl adipate also called DOA
- DOA dioctyl adipate
- a specific ionophore calixarene compound the tetraethyl ester of 4-tert-butylcalix [4] arene-tetracetic acid sold by Sigma-Aldrich under the name lonophore X, this compound being present at a level of 5% by weight relative to the total mass of the mixture; and
- tetrakodecylammonium tetrakis (4-chlorophenyl) borate salt this compound being present at a level of 5% by weight relative to the total mass of the mixture.
- This polymeric solution is immiscible with the internal electrolyte solution.
- the polymeric solution thus deposited is then allowed to dry in ambient air for 3 hours, whereby a membrane having a thickness of 1 mm remains.
- another electrode (said second electrode) not in accordance with the invention as described above, except that the internal electrolyte solution is a solution comprising only water Deionized and 100 mM NaCl.
- the electrical contact element is a chlorinated silver pellet deposited at the opposite end of that accommodating the polymeric membrane.
- the first electrode and the second electrode are left to rest for 4 days.
- the second electrode no longer has an internal electrolyte solution that can be observed and is therefore no longer suitable for measuring.
- the first electrode is still able to measure an NaCl concentration.
- the invention is particularly ada PTEE to be implemented with electrodes small volumes (e.g., volumes ranging from 0.5 mm 3 to some cm 3, even several tens of cm 3) .
- a chemical caeter capable of enabling the potentiometric detection of Na + ions with an electrode of the type of the first electrode prepared in Example 3 below, this electrode being included in a device comprising a reference electrode (Ag / AgCl), the two electrodes being connected to a unit for determining the variation of electrical potential.
- this sensor is brought into contact with various aqueous solutions of sodium chloride, which are as follows:
- FIG. 6 representing a graph illustrating the evolution of the electric potential variation U (mV) as a function of the concentration C of the aqueous sodium chloride solution.
- the senor has a linear response as a function of the concentration of the aqueous solution of sodium chloride.
- a chemical sensor capable of allowing the potentiometric detection of K + ions with a first electrode type electrode prepared in Example 3 below is tested, except that during the preparation the ionophore compound X is replaced by an ionophore compound K.
- This electrode is included in a device comprising a reference electrode (to be specified), the two electrodes being connected to a unit for determining the variation of electrical potential.
- this sensor is brought into contact with various aqueous solutions of potassium chloride, which are as follows:
- the electrical potential variation values are shown in FIG. 7 representing a graph illustrating the evolution of the electric potential variation U (mV) as a function of the concentration C of the aqueous solution of potassium chloride.
- the senor has a linear response as a function of the concentration of the aqueous solution of potassium chloride.
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1360570A FR3012610B1 (fr) | 2013-10-29 | 2013-10-29 | Electrode a membrane polymerique pour la detection potentiometrique d'au moins un analyte present dans une solution et capteur chimique comprenant une telle electrode |
| PCT/EP2014/073184 WO2015063128A1 (fr) | 2013-10-29 | 2014-10-29 | Electrode a membrane polymerique pour la detection potentiometrique d'au moins un analyte present dans une solution et capteur chimique comprenant une telle electrode |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3063538A1 true EP3063538A1 (fr) | 2016-09-07 |
Family
ID=49713376
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14790102.9A Ceased EP3063538A1 (fr) | 2013-10-29 | 2014-10-29 | Electrode a membrane polymerique pour la detection potentiometrique d'au moins un analyte present dans une solution et capteur chimique comprenant une telle electrode |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3063538A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3012610B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2015063128A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3103279B1 (fr) * | 2019-11-18 | 2021-10-08 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de fabrication d’une membrane polymerique pour la detection potentiometrique d’un analyte present dans un fluide |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0115346A1 (fr) * | 1983-01-28 | 1984-08-08 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Electrode de type de film liquide pour la sélection d'anions |
| US20010032785A1 (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2001-10-25 | Cha Geun Sig | Planar reference electrode |
| EP0902890B1 (fr) * | 1996-06-03 | 2002-11-20 | Beckman Coulter, Inc. | Detecteur polarographique |
| KR100385168B1 (ko) * | 2000-03-27 | 2003-05-22 | 대윤계기산업 주식회사 | 염분 센서 및 염분 센서 장착 기구 |
| US20050133369A1 (en) * | 2003-12-17 | 2005-06-23 | Hamilton Bonaduz Ag | Pressurized reference systems and process for their production |
| JP2007057459A (ja) * | 2005-08-26 | 2007-03-08 | Kyushu Univ | 化学感覚能センサチップ |
| WO2009082187A2 (fr) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-07-02 | Mimos Berhad | Électrode de référence avec électrolyte interne immobilisé |
| US20130270125A1 (en) * | 2012-04-14 | 2013-10-17 | Endress + Hauser Conducta Gesellschaft Fur Mess- Und Regeltechnik Mbh + Co. Kg | Potentiometric Sensor Apparatus |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2363798A1 (fr) * | 1976-09-03 | 1978-03-31 | Tacussel Jacques | Electrode specifique a construction modulaire |
| JPS6396453U (fr) * | 1986-12-11 | 1988-06-22 | ||
| JP3635263B2 (ja) * | 2000-03-01 | 2005-04-06 | ラジオメーター・メディカル・アクティーゼルスカブ | 固体状態参照系を持つ電極デバイス |
| US20120118762A1 (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2012-05-17 | Curtin University Of Technology | Sensing device and method |
-
2013
- 2013-10-29 FR FR1360570A patent/FR3012610B1/fr active Active
-
2014
- 2014-10-29 WO PCT/EP2014/073184 patent/WO2015063128A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2014-10-29 EP EP14790102.9A patent/EP3063538A1/fr not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0115346A1 (fr) * | 1983-01-28 | 1984-08-08 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Electrode de type de film liquide pour la sélection d'anions |
| US4519891A (en) * | 1983-01-28 | 1985-05-28 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Liquid film type, anion-selective electrode |
| EP0902890B1 (fr) * | 1996-06-03 | 2002-11-20 | Beckman Coulter, Inc. | Detecteur polarographique |
| US20010032785A1 (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2001-10-25 | Cha Geun Sig | Planar reference electrode |
| KR100385168B1 (ko) * | 2000-03-27 | 2003-05-22 | 대윤계기산업 주식회사 | 염분 센서 및 염분 센서 장착 기구 |
| US20050133369A1 (en) * | 2003-12-17 | 2005-06-23 | Hamilton Bonaduz Ag | Pressurized reference systems and process for their production |
| JP2007057459A (ja) * | 2005-08-26 | 2007-03-08 | Kyushu Univ | 化学感覚能センサチップ |
| WO2009082187A2 (fr) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-07-02 | Mimos Berhad | Électrode de référence avec électrolyte interne immobilisé |
| US20130270125A1 (en) * | 2012-04-14 | 2013-10-17 | Endress + Hauser Conducta Gesellschaft Fur Mess- Und Regeltechnik Mbh + Co. Kg | Potentiometric Sensor Apparatus |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| NIE BAOQING ET AL: "Droplet-based interfacial capacitive sensing", LAB ON A CHIP, vol. 12, no. 6, 1 January 2012 (2012-01-01), UK, pages 1110, XP055899694, ISSN: 1473-0197, DOI: 10.1039/c2lc21168h * |
| See also references of WO2015063128A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3012610B1 (fr) | 2017-04-07 |
| WO2015063128A1 (fr) | 2015-05-07 |
| FR3012610A1 (fr) | 2015-05-01 |
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