EP3052778B1 - Internal combustion engine and method for assembling an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders arranged in a row and each having at least a first exhaust valve and at least a second exhaust valve, wherein the first exhaust valve and the second exhaust valve are fluidly connected to an exhaust manifold, the exhaust manifold comprising a first exhaust manifold and one of these having separate second exhaust manifold, which are fastened individually and independently of each other, and wherein the first exhaust manifold is fluidly connected to the first exhaust valve and the second exhaust manifold fluidly connected to the second exhaust valve. The invention further relates to a method for mounting an internal combustion engine.

In such an internal combustion engine, it is particularly possible to realize different exhaust gas flows through the first exhaust valve and the second exhaust valve. These exhaust gas streams can be removed separately from one another by the exhaust manifold device, for example in the direction of one or more exhaust gas turbochargers of the internal combustion engine. Accordingly, it becomes possible to supply a plurality of exhaust gas mass flows to the exhaust gas turbocharger or the plurality of exhaust gas turbochargers in a targeted manner, which can be set essentially as desired using the first exhaust valve and the second exhaust valve. For this purpose, the Abgaskrümmereinrichtung, for example, two separate flow channels, which can also be referred to as floods.

The exhaust manifold is fastened, for example, to a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine, which preferably has integrated flow channels, in particular an integrated exhaust manifold, via which the flow connection between the first exhaust valve and the exhaust manifold and the second exhaust valve and the exhaust manifold is made. In order to ensure a simple assembly and a small installation space, it can be provided to fasten the exhaust manifold by means of a clamping flange on the cylinder head. For this example, the publication DE 10 2008 029 020 A1 known.

Furthermore, from the document DE 102 29 116 A1 an internal combustion engine with an exhaust gas turbocharger and at least two exhaust valves per cylinder known. A first exhaust valve in each cylinder is connected to a first exhaust manifold, while a second exhaust valve in each cylinder is connected to a second exhaust manifold. The two exhaust manifolds lead to at least one exhaust turbine in at least one turbo-compressor and the first exhaust valves are configured to open at all engine speeds while the second exhaust valves are configured to open only at higher engine speeds. The first exhaust manifold has a smaller flow area than the second exhaust manifold. By choosing the exhaust valves to be used, the size of the flow channels between the engine and the exhaust gas turbine can be easily adjusted to the size of the currently available exhaust gas flow.

The publication EP 0 653 583 A2 further describes an arrangement for connecting a flange with a counter element, wherein it is proposed to arrange at least one oblique surface running at an acute angle to the sealing surface both on the flange and on the engine block. The determination of the flange on the counter-element is then carried out by insertion in a direction parallel to the sealing surface, so that the two parts are fixed by wedging action to each other.

A method for operating an internal combustion engine and a corresponding internal combustion engine are known from the document DE 10 2007 046 656 A1 known. The internal combustion engine has at least one, at least two exhaust valves for cylinder head each having a cylinder, wherein exhaust gases are fed through the first exhaust valve to a first exhaust gas turbocharger and through the second exhaust valve to a second exhaust gas turbocharger. It is provided that the second exhaust valve is actuated in a time-delayed manner after the first exhaust valve.

Furthermore, from the prior art, the publications FR 2 897 101 A1 . EP 2 347 108 B1 . EP 1 400 667 A2 . EP 2 620 631 A1 . DE 34 39 999 C1 and DE 38 21 937 A1 known.

It is an object of the invention to provide an internal combustion engine which has an improved exhaust manifold, in which in particular temperature-induced stresses are largely avoided.

This is inventively achieved with an internal combustion engine with the features of claim 1. It is provided that the first exhaust manifold and the second exhaust manifold are fastened together by means of a first support rail and a second support rail to a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine, wherein the first support rail alternately comprises a clamping region for the first exhaust manifold and an insertion region for the second exhaust manifold, wherein the clamping region is configured such that after fastening the first retaining rail to the cylinder head, the first exhaust manifold is already securely held thereto, and wherein the insertion region is configured such that the second exhaust manifold even after attaching the first retaining rail to the cylinder head in it can be introduced.

Instead of a monolithic Abgaskrümmereinrichtung with the exhaust valves associated flow channels separate exhaust manifolds are used, which are individually and independently fastened or secured, in particular on the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine. Thus, the two exhaust manifolds are thermally decoupled from each other substantially thermally or thermally induced deformations, so that at different mass flows through the first exhaust valve and the second exhaust valve no temperature-related stresses between the exhaust manifolds occur or these are significantly reduced. Accordingly, these voltages need not be considered in the design of the internal combustion engine or only in a reduced form.

Preferably, a plurality of first exhaust valves to the first exhaust manifold and / or a plurality of second exhaust valves to the second exhaust manifold fluidly connected. Preferably, a plurality of first exhaust valves and / or a plurality of second exhaust valves are provided, wherein, for example, all first exhaust valves to the first exhaust manifold and / or all second exhaust valves are connected to the second exhaust manifold. Particularly preferably, the first and / or all second exhaust valves are arranged in series. In particular, it is provided that the first exhaust manifold is fluidly connected only to the first exhaust valve or the first exhaust valves and the second exhaust manifold fluidly only to the second exhaust valve or the second exhaust valves.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the first exhaust manifold for each first exhaust valve, a first flange and the second exhaust manifold has a second connection flange for each second outlet valve, wherein the first connection flange has a first side wall and the second connection flange has a second side wall extending at least in regions parallel to the first side wall. About the first flange is the first exhaust manifold in connection, in particular flow connection, with the cylinders. Usually, the first connection flange bears against the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine, with the flow connection in particular passing through the first connection flange. The same applies to the second exhaust manifold and the second connection flange or the corresponding flow connection to the second outlet valve.

Because the cylinders are arranged in series and each have a first exhaust valve and a second exhaust valve, so that a total of a plurality of exhaust valves and a plurality of second exhaust valves are realized, replace after mounting the two exhaust manifold first connecting flanges and second connecting flanges, so are immediately adjacent to each other in front. The side walls of the connecting flanges are intended to run parallel to each other at least partially, in particular completely. In particular, the first side wall and the second side wall are at least partially, in particular completely, over the entire surface opposite each other. Under the side wall is for example a wall to understand that adjacent to a bearing surface of the exhaust manifold, which is in direct contact with the cylinder head, in particular immediately adjacent, and is angled to this, so with her an angle greater than 0 ° and less than Includes 90 °. Preferably, the side wall is perpendicular to the support surface.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that the first connection flange and the second connection flange are at least partially trapezoidal. By this is preferably to be understood that the first side wall and the second side wall are arranged obliquely with respect to an imaginary straight line perpendicular to a longitudinal central axis of the internal combustion engine, so include an angle greater than 0 ° and smaller than 90 ° to this line. Such a configuration is helpful, for example, in an assembly of the internal combustion engine, in particular if initially the first exhaust manifold is mounted and the first connecting flanges widen in a trapezoidal manner in the mounting direction of the second connecting flange. Thus, on the one hand, a simple application of the second exhaust manifold and, moreover, a guiding of the second exhaust manifold to its assembly position is realized.

The invention provides that the first exhaust manifold and the second exhaust manifold are fastened together by means of a first retaining rail and a second retaining rail to a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine. The two support rails are formed for example as clamping rails, which are fastened to the cylinder head and thereby urge the first exhaust manifold and the second exhaust manifold in the direction of the cylinder head. The two retaining rails are preferably arranged on opposite sides of the two exhaust manifold, so that the exhaust manifold between the two support rails are securely held. Accordingly, the exhaust manifold, which are secured to the support rails on the cylinder head, neither in the lateral direction, ie parallel to a present on the cylinder head contact surface for the connecting flanges, nor in the vertical direction, ie perpendicular to the contact surface, be displaced. By urging the exhaust manifold in the direction of the cylinder head through the support rails also the dense flow connection between the exhaust valves and the exhaust manifolds is realized. For example, for this purpose, each flange has a seal, which rests sealingly on the bearing surface of the cylinder head after assembly.

In addition, it is provided that the first retaining rail has alternately a clamping region for the first exhaust manifold and an insertion region for the second exhaust manifold. Preferably, during assembly of the internal combustion engine, the first exhaust manifold is first fastened to the first retaining rail, for which purpose it has the clamping region. Preferably, such a clamping region is assigned to each first connecting flange. The clamping region is designed such that after fastening the first retaining rail to the cylinder head, the first exhaust manifold is already securely held on this. By contrast, the insertion region is configured in such a way that the second exhaust manifold can also be introduced into the internal combustion engine after it has been attached to the first retaining rail.

The invention further relates to a method for assembling an internal combustion engine, in particular an internal combustion engine according to the preceding embodiments, wherein the internal combustion engine has a plurality of cylinders arranged in a row, each having at least a first exhaust valve and at least a second exhaust valve, wherein the first exhaust valve and second exhaust valve being fluidly connected to an exhaust manifold during assembly, the exhaust manifold comprising a first exhaust manifold and a separate exhaust manifold separately and independently securable, and wherein the first exhaust manifold fluidly connects to the first exhaust valve and the second exhaust manifold is fluidly connected to the second exhaust valve. It is provided that the first exhaust manifold and the second exhaust manifold are fastened together by means of a first support rail and a second support rail to a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine, wherein the first support rail alternately comprises a clamping region for the first exhaust manifold and an insertion region for the second exhaust manifold, wherein the clamping region is configured such that after fastening the first retaining rail to the cylinder head, the first exhaust manifold is already securely held thereto, and wherein the insertion region is configured such that the second exhaust manifold even after attaching the first retaining rail to the cylinder head in it can be introduced. The advantages of such an approach or such an embodiment of the internal combustion engine has already been pointed out. Both the method and the internal combustion engine can be developed according to the above statements, so that reference is made to this extent.

Figur 1

einen Bereich einer Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere eine Abgaskrümmereinrichtung, die an einem Zylinderkopf der Brennkraftmaschine befestigt werden soll, nach einem ersten Montageschritt;

Figur 2

die bereits bekannte Abgaskrümmereinrichtung nach einem zweiten Montageschritt;

Figur 3

die Abgaskrümmereinrichtung nach einem dritten Montageschritt;

Figur 4

eine alternative Ansicht der Abgaskrümmereinrichtung nach dem dritten Montageschritt; und

Figur 5

eine erste Halteschiene der Abgaskrümmereinrichtung.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, without any limitation of the invention. Showing:

FIG. 1

an area of an internal combustion engine, in particular an exhaust manifold, which is to be attached to a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine, after a first assembly step;

FIG. 2

the already known Abgaskrümmereinrichtung after a second assembly step;

FIG. 3

the exhaust manifold after a third assembly step;

FIG. 4

an alternative view of the exhaust manifold after the third assembly step; and

FIG. 5

a first retaining rail of the exhaust manifold.

The FIG. 1 shows a portion of an internal combustion engine 1, which has a plurality of cylinders arranged in a row, which are not shown here. Each cylinder has at least a first exhaust valve and at least one second exhaust valve. Both the first exhaust valve and the second exhaust valve are fluidly connected to an exhaust manifold 2, which at one not shown here Cylinder head is attached. By the exhaust manifold 2 exhaust gas is discharged from the cylinders in the direction of an external environment of the internal combustion engine 1, in particular via an exhaust gas purification device, such as a catalyst. In terms of flow, between the exhaust manifold 2 and the exhaust gas purification device or the external environment can also be provided an exhaust gas turbocharger, in particular a multi-flow exhaust gas turbocharger, or more exhaust gas turbocharger.

The exhaust manifold 2 has a first exhaust manifold 3 and a second exhaust manifold 4, not shown here. These are formed separately from each other. The first exhaust manifold 3 is then fluidly connected to the first exhaust valve or the plurality of first exhaust valves and the second exhaust manifold 4 fluidly connected to the second exhaust valve or the plurality of second exhaust valves. The first exhaust manifold 3 has a plurality of first connecting flanges 5, 6, 7 and 8, wherein each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 1 is assigned to one of these connecting flanges 5, 6, 7 or 8. Of course, exhaust manifolds 2 with a smaller or a larger number of such connection flanges can be realized.

Via the connecting flanges 5, 6, 7 and 8, a flow connection is established from the first exhaust valves to an exhaust pipe 9 of the first exhaust manifold 3, in which the exhaust gas is combined and fed to an outlet port 10. The outlet port 10 can be fastened, for example, by means of an outlet flange 11 to a further device of the internal combustion engine 1, for example the exhaust gas turbocharger or one of the exhaust gas turbochargers.

The first exhaust manifold 3 is fastened to the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine 1 by means of a first retaining rail 12. For this purpose, the retaining rail 12 with fastening means 13, for example screws, which are only partially visible here, provided. The first retaining rail 12 has clamping regions 14 for the first exhaust manifold 3. These preferably sit between the fastening means 13. Particularly preferably, each clamping region 14 is assigned to one of the connecting flanges 5, 6, 7 and 8. The clamping regions 14 are configured such that they receive a portion of the connecting flanges 5, 6, 7 and 8 and urge in the direction of the cylinder head or on the cylinder head, so that preferably the first exhaust manifold 3 is held by clamping the first retaining rail 12. In addition, the first retaining rail 12 insertion areas 15, each adjacent to, the Clamping regions 14 are present. When the internal combustion engine 1 is assembled, the first exhaust manifold 3 is first fastened to the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine 1 by means of the first retaining rail 12 during a first step. This is shown here.

In a subsequent second step, the second exhaust manifold 4 is arranged on the cylinder head. The second exhaust manifold 4 has second connecting flanges 16, 17, 18 and 19. About this analogous to the first exhaust manifold 3, an exhaust pipe 20 is connected. This establishes a flow connection between the cylinders of the internal combustion engine 1 and an outlet port 21, to which preferably an outlet flange 22 is assigned. Last serves, for example, the attachment of the outlet port 21 to a further device of the internal combustion engine 1, in particular the exhaust gas turbocharger. In the second assembly step, the second connecting flanges 16, 17, 18 and 19 are inserted or inserted into the insertion regions 15 of the first retaining rail 12. The insertion regions 15 are, for example, designed such that, even after the attachment of the first retaining rail 12 to the cylinder head, in particular after complete tightening of the fastening means 13, the insertion of the connecting flanges 16, 17, 18 and 19 into the insertion regions 15 is permitted.

The following will, as in the FIG. 3 illustrated, in a third assembly step, a second retaining rail 23 attached to the cylinder head, including fastening means 24, for example, also screws, are provided. In this case, each fastening flange 5, 6, 7 and 8 as well as every second connecting flange 16, 17, 18 and 19 is preferably associated with such a fastening means 24. Analogous to the first retaining rail 12, the second retaining rail 23 serves to urge the first exhaust manifold 3 and the second exhaust manifold 4 in the direction of the cylinder head or to the cylinder head. After mounting the second retaining rail 23, the two exhaust manifolds 3 and 4 are securely held on the cylinder head.

The FIG. 4 shows the exhaust manifold 2 in an alternative view, namely from the direction of the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine 1. It will be apparent that each of the first connecting flanges 5, 6, 7 and 8 first side walls 25 and 26 and the second connecting flanges 16, 17, 18 and 19 have second side walls 27 and 28. If now one of the first side walls 26 and one of the second side walls 27 or one of the first side walls 25 and one of the second side walls 28 opposite each other, it is preferably provided that these are parallel to each other run. At the same time, the first connecting flanges 5, 6, 7 and 8 and the second connecting flanges 16, 17, 18 and 19 are at least partially trapezoidal.

This means that the first side wall 25 or 26 and the second side wall 27 or 28 are arranged obliquely with respect to an imaginary straight line perpendicular to a longitudinal central axis of the internal combustion engine 1. Preferably, the first connecting flanges 5, 6, 7 and 8 are configured such that they taper in the direction of the first holding rail 12, in particular starting from the second holding rail 23. The second connecting flanges 16, 17, 18 and 19, however, taper in the direction of first holding rail 12, for example, starting from the second holding rail 23. In this way, an extremely space-saving arrangement of the exhaust manifold 2 is achieved.

The FIG. 5 Finally, FIG. 1 shows a detail view of the first retaining rail 12. It becomes clear that it alternately has one of the clamping regions 14 and one of the insertion regions 15, so that they are adjacent to one another, in particular immediately adjacent to one another.

Claims (4)

1. Internal combustion engine (1) with multiple cylinders arranged in a row, each cylinder comprising at least one first outlet valve and at least one second outlet valve, wherein the first outlet valve and the second outlet valve are connected in terms of flow to an exhaust manifold device (2), wherein the exhaust manifold device (2) comprises a first exhaust manifold (3) and a second exhaust manifold (4) that is separate from the first exhaust manifold, which can be mounted separately and independently from one another, and wherein the first exhaust manifold (3) is connected in terms of flow to the first outlet valve and the second exhaust manifold (4) is connected in terms of flow to the second outlet valve, characterised in that the first exhaust manifold (3) and the second exhaust manifold (4) are mounted together to a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine (1) by means of a first support rail (12) and a second support rail (23), wherein the first support rail (12) comprises alternately a clamping area (14) for the first exhaust manifold (3) and an insertion area (15) for the second exhaust manifold (4), wherein the clamping area (14) is configured such that after mounting the first support rail (12) to the cylinder head the first exhaust manifold (3) is already held securely thereto, and wherein the insertion area (15) is configured such that the second exhaust manifold (4) can still be inserted into the cylinder head after mounting the first support rail (12) to the cylinder head.
2. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterised in that the first exhaust manifold (3) comprises a first connecting flange (5, 6, 7, 8) for each first outlet valve and the second exhaust manifold (4) comprises a second connecting flange (16, 17, 18, 19) for each second outlet valve, wherein the first connecting flange (5, 6, 7, 8) comprises a first side wall (25, 26) and the second connecting flange (16, 17, 18, 19) comprises a second side wall (27, 28) at least partially extending parallel to the first side wall (25, 26).
3. Internal combustion engine according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the first connecting flange (5, 6, 7, 8) and the second connecting flange (16, 17, 18, 19) have at least partially a trapezoidal form.
4. Method for installing an internal combustion engine (1), in particular according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the internal combustion engine (1) comprises multiple cylinders arranged in a row, each cylinder comprising at least one first outlet valve and at least one second outlet valve, wherein the first outlet valve and the second outlet valve are connected in terms of flow to an exhaust manifold device (2) during installation, wherein the exhaust manifold device (2) comprises a first exhaust manifold (3) and a second exhaust manifold (4) that is separate from the first exhaust manifold, which can be mounted separately and independently from one another, and wherein the first exhaust manifold (3) is connected in terms of flow to the first outlet valve and the second exhaust manifold (4) is connected in terms of flow to the second outlet valve, characterised in that the first exhaust manifold (3) and the second exhaust manifold (4) are mounted together to a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine (1) by means of a first support rail (12) and a second support rail (23), wherein the first support rail (12) comprises alternately a clamping area (14) for the first exhaust manifold (3) and an insertion area (15) for the second exhaust manifold (4), wherein the clamping area (14) is configured such that after mounting the first support rail (12) to the cylinder head the first exhaust manifold (3) is already held securely thereto, and wherein the insertion area (15) is configured such that the second exhaust manifold (4) can still be inserted into the cylinder head after mounting the first support rail (12) to the cylinder head.

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