EP3051024B1 - Method for monitoring a plank heater of a road finishing machine - Google Patents

Method for monitoring a plank heater of a road finishing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3051024B1
EP3051024B1 EP15003553.3A EP15003553A EP3051024B1 EP 3051024 B1 EP3051024 B1 EP 3051024B1 EP 15003553 A EP15003553 A EP 15003553A EP 3051024 B1 EP3051024 B1 EP 3051024B1
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Prior art keywords
heating
measured
current
temperature
sections
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EP15003553.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3051024A1 (en
Inventor
Eberhard Lürding
Rainer Kruse
Jonas Figge
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Dynapac GmbH
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Dynapac GmbH
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
    • E01C19/48—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for laying-down the materials and consolidating them, or finishing the surface, e.g. slip forms therefor, forming kerbs or gutters in a continuous operation in situ
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C2301/00—Machine characteristics, parts or accessories not otherwise provided for
    • E01C2301/10—Heated screeds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for monitoring a screed heater according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the screed can be both operatorunver baselich, but also designed as a so-called Vario plank with variable working width.
  • Screeds known road pavers are provided with a heater.
  • the usually electric heater is powered by a generator with electrical energy.
  • the generator is driven by the internal combustion engine of the paver.
  • the heater serves to heat a bottom of the screed, in particular a screed base plate arranged under the same. This should be prevented in particular the adhesion of the freshly installed paving material under this compacting screed compacting.
  • the screed base plate is divided into different heating sections. These heating sections may vary depending on the type of screed and requirement or application in their shape and condition.
  • the heating sections furthermore have heating elements and / or heating resistors, by means of which the plank base plate is heated.
  • each individual heating section is assigned at least one measuring transmitter, in particular a temperature measuring device. These temperatures are checked by a control unit during operation of the screed and compared with the predetermined target value. Furthermore is off, for example DE 203 05 577 U1 a screed is known in which the current or the voltage at each heating section, preferably at each heating element or heating resistor, is measured. These current measured values are also compared by the control unit with predetermined desired values. If the measured value deviates from a desired value, the defective heating segment or heating elements can be determined.
  • each heating section for each heating element or heating resistor, a current measuring device is necessary. These current measuring devices generate a large number of measuring signals which have to be read in and evaluated by the control unit. Furthermore, each current measuring device of the heating sections must have a power supply and data lines. The necessary wiring of each current measuring device is therefore associated with a considerable manufacturing effort, which also carries an increased risk of errors or defects in itself.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a method by which the monitoring of the heating of the screed takes place in a simple and fast way.
  • a method for achieving the stated object has the measures of claim 1. Accordingly, it is provided according to the invention that, in the case of a deviation of an actual temperature measured at a heating section from a preset target temperature, all heating sections are switched off, with the exception of the heating section at which the deviating temperature was measured. By switching off all heating sections whose measured actual temperature is identical or only slightly different from the setpoint temperature, the heating section, which appears to have a defect, can be isolated. In the event that several heating sections of the target temperature deviate actual temperatures, the heating sections, preferably according to a weighting of the deviation from the target value corresponding, turned off in succession. By isolating the faulty heating section, the cause of the deviant temperature can be quickly and easily analyzed and corrected. The value of the target temperature can be adjusted by an operator before commissioning of the screed and is dependent on the road construction material or the screed to be installed.
  • the invention can further provide that by switching off all heating sections, with the exception of the heating section, at which the deviating temperature is measured, the at least one defective heating element is determined, in particular the at least one defective heating resistor or heating element is determined. Since each heating section has at least one heating element or heating element or heating rod, the problem of defective heating of the built-in floor can be broken down by switching off all functioning heating elements to a few heating elements. If this procedure for monitoring the screed heating determines that the heating elements are functioning correctly, the operator knows that the fault is to be found elsewhere in the heating section or its periphery. It is also conceivable that individual heating elements are switched off within the heating section to further narrow down the cause or location of the defect.
  • the invention provides that the electrical current of the heating sections is measured, preferably on at least one of the three phases of an alternator, in particular while all heating sections except the heating section at which the deviating temperature has been measured are switched off.
  • the present invention requires only that the current is measured at the three-phase generator or at the three phases of the alternator and not separately at each individual heating section.
  • the current measured at the alternator should correspond to a predetermined desired value. This also applies if individual or several heating sections are switched off for a correspondingly reduced setpoint value of the current. If it is determined that a heating section does not heat at the predetermined temperature, exactly this one heating section is isolated by switching off all other heating sections.
  • the current value then measured on the three-phase generator does not correspond to the value of the error-free normal operation. Turning off all functional heating sections will reduce the current measurement to a current measurement accurate to that heating section that is faulty. In this way, each of the heating sections can be quickly and reliably checked for the cause of the malfunction in the event of a deviating actual temperature.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the present invention provides that the current measured at the three-phase generator, in particular while all heating sections except the defective heating section are switched off, are compared with current reference values, which are preferably during a calibration procedure the screed were stored.
  • the screed or the heating sections are subjected to a calibration measurement.
  • the current at the alternator for each heating section is measured for each operating temperature in accordance with the measured actual value and the target value for each heating section, in particular while all other heating sections are turned off.
  • These current values are stored in a control unit and used for monitoring or analyzing each individual heating section.
  • the currents measured at the individual heating sections may differ from each other. This means that the values for all heating sections are stored and utilized centrally in the control unit. This pooling of resources makes the whole process simpler and thus cheaper and more reliable.
  • the present invention can further provide that the faulty heating section, preferably the defective heating resistor or the defective heating element, is located on the screed by measuring the current.
  • each heating section has a plurality of heating resistors or heating rods, which all have a certain internal resistance.
  • the measured current or the resistance determined therefrom provides information about which heating resistor or heating element is defective. This has the advantage that specifically only the or the heating resistors or heating rods must be removed or replaced which are defective.
  • the invention further provides that the current at the three-phase generator is measured continuously or intermittently during operation of the screed, in particular for current measurement are all switched off cyclically except for a heating section and the measured current value is compared with a predetermined value.
  • all the heating sections except for at least one heating section are temporarily turned off to measure the current for the remaining heating section. This switching off and on of the heating sections takes place in such a way that the temperatures of the heating sections do not change or only slightly change.
  • each individual heating section can be checked for potential defects and if necessary, take preventive measures to ensure trouble-free operation of the screed.
  • the invention further provides that the actual temperature of each heating section is compared with the setpoint temperature of each heating section continuously or intermittently during operation of the screed.
  • the temperature of the heating section is adjusted with the preset temperature to be preset, even if there is no error message.
  • the invention further provides that in the event of a deviation between the measured actual temperature value and the predefinable setpoint temperature value, a signal is generated, in particular a signal is generated on the display of an operating unit.
  • a signal is generated on the display of an operating unit.
  • the control device begins directly with the shutdown of fault-free heating sections, or the operator assesses the situation first, and then optionally turn off the heating sections.
  • This signal can be optical and / or acoustic.
  • the signal is transmitted via a wireless connection to a control device in order to obtain further information or commands from there.
  • the invention further provides that the temperature and / or the current are measured by a control unit having a microcontroller and / or compared with reference values.
  • This control unit can be inventively integrated on the paver in the screed or to the generator, or assigned to an external control unit. Depending on the operating mode, this control unit can be operated fully automatically or operated by an operator.
  • the microcontroller having control unit stores all measured temperature and current values, even if no differences of the current or temperature values are detected. It also serves as documentation for a trouble-free or trouble-free installation of the road surface.
  • the screed 10 shown in the figure has four heating sections 11, 12, 13, 14.
  • the method of the invention is not limited to this number of heating sections; Rather, it is conceivable that the screed has a larger number of heating sections.
  • Each heating section 11 to 14 is associated with a temperature sensor, not shown.
  • the temperatures measured by the temperature transmitters are supplied via signal lines 15 to a control unit 16 having a microcontroller.
  • the arrow 17 marks the direction in which the temperature information of the heating section 11 to 14 is transported through the signal line 15.
  • control unit 16 10 set temperatures are stored before starting the screed.
  • the temperature values (actual values) measured at the individual heating sections 11 to 14 are compared by the control unit 16 with the desired values.
  • the adjustment of the temperature values or the current actual temperature values can be displayed on a display 18.
  • the individual heating sections 11 to 14 have not shown electrical heating resistors or heating rods. These heating resistors or heating rods are powered by an alternator 19 with electrical energy.
  • the alternator 19 is driven by a primary combustion engine, not shown. All three phases 20 of the alternator 19 are fed to a cabinet 21. Starting from this cabinet 21, each heating section 11 to 14 is supplied via a respective line 22 with electrical energy.
  • the control cabinet 21 is used in particular for the protection of the heating sections 11 to 14 and has corresponding fuses and switches.
  • the current is measured by a current measuring device 23 on all three phases 20.
  • the measured current is supplied to the control unit 16 through a further line 24.
  • current values are stored, which were recorded during a calibration of the screed 10 prior to the production of the road surface.
  • the current measured values for the operation of the screed 10 were determined, that is, in the event that all the heating sections 11 to 14 are functioning correctly; and the current values for individual heating sections 11 or 12 or 13 or 14, while the other heating sections 11 to 14 are switched off. These nominal current values of the calibration are used during the Operation of the screed 10 measured current values compared by the control unit 16.
  • a deviation of a measured actual temperature at one of the heating sections 11 to 14 is determined by a target temperature, a corresponding signal is generated by the control unit 16 and forwarded to the cabinet 21, so that all heating sections with Except the heating section, where the deviating actual temperature was measured, be switched off.
  • the current at at least one of the phases 20 is measured by the current measuring device 23 and transmitted to the control unit 16.
  • the control unit 16 determines whether a heating resistor or a heating rod of the corresponding heating section is defective.
  • the control unit 16 also determines how many heating resistors or heating elements in the heating section are defective and, if appropriate, which heating resistance or which heating element is defective.
  • the deviating actual temperature or in the event that a measured actual temperature deviates from a desired value this is shown on the display 18. Additionally or alternatively, the deviation can also be supported by an acoustic signal.
  • the current value measured on the defective heating sections is displayed on the display 18 and the defective heating section is named. As soon as the cause of the deviating temperature value has been determined, the fault can be corrected by replacing the heating element or the heating resistor.
  • Such an adjustment of the actual temperature with the target temperature is carried out according to the invention continuously or cyclically during the entire production process of the road surface. Furthermore, it is provided according to the invention that the heating sections 11 to 14 are switched on and off cyclically and in each case the current value is determined by the current measuring device 23 at the phases 20 and compared with the calibrated desired values.
  • the described method according to the invention can be implemented on already finished and possibly delivered road pavers.
  • the screed or a paver can thus be retrofitted with the described method.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Machines (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Überwachung einer Bohlenheizung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for monitoring a screed heater according to the preamble of claim 1.

Straßenfertiger dienen zur Herstellung von Straßenbelägen aus vorzugsweise Asphalt (Schwarzdecken), aber auch Beton. Solche üblicherweise selbstfahrenden Straßenfertiger verfügen in Einbaurichtung gesehen hinter einem Fahrwerk über eine Einbaubohle. Die Einbaubohle kann sowohl breitenunveränderlich, aber auch als sogenannte Vario-Bohle mit veränderlicher Arbeitsbreite ausgebildet sein.Pavers used for the production of road surfaces of preferably asphalt (black slabs), but also concrete. Such usually self-propelled road pavers have seen in installation direction behind a chassis on a screed. The screed can be both breitunveränderlich, but also designed as a so-called Vario plank with variable working width.

Einbaubohlen bekannter Straßenfertiger sind mit einer Heizung versehen. Die üblicherweise elektrische Heizung wird von einem Generator mit elektrischer Energie versorgt. Der Generator wird vom Verbrennungsmotor des Straßenfertigers angetrieben. Die Heizung dient dazu, eine Unterseite der Einbaubohle, insbesondere eine unter derselben angeordneten Bohlengrundplatte, aufzuheizen. Dadurch soll insbesondere das Anhaften des frisch eingebauten Straßenbelagmaterials unter der dieses verdichtende Einbaubohle verhindert werden. Dazu ist die Bohlengrundplatte in verschiedene Heizsektionen aufgeteilt. Diese Heizsektionen können je nach Art der Einbaubohle und Anforderung bzw. Einsatzgebiet in ihrer Form und Beschaffenheit variieren. Die Heizsektionen weisen des Weiteren Heizstäbe und/oder Heizwiderstände auf, durch die die Bohlengrundplatte aufgeheizt wird. Um sicher zu gehen, dass jede Heizsektion genau die Temperatur aufweist, die von einer Bedienperson vorgegeben wurde, bzw. dass alle Heizsektionen die gleiche Temperatur aufweisen, ist jeder einzelnen Heizsektion mindestens ein Messwertgeber, insbesondere eine Temperaturmesseinrichtung zugeordnet. Diese Temperaturen werden von einer Steuereinheit während des Betriebs der Einbaubohle überprüft und mit dem vorgegebenen Soll-Wert verglichen. Des Weiteren ist beispielsweise aus DE 203 05 577 U1 eine Einbaubohle bekannt, bei der der Strom bzw. die Spannung an jeder Heizsektion, vorzugsweise an jedem Heizstab oder Heizwiderstand, gemessen wird. Auch diese Strommesswerte werden von der Steuereinheit mit vorgegebenen Soll-Werten verglichen. Bei einer Abweichung des gemessenen Wertes von einem Soll-Wert kann der bzw. können die defekten Heizsegmente oder Heizelemente bestimmt werden.Screeds known road pavers are provided with a heater. The usually electric heater is powered by a generator with electrical energy. The generator is driven by the internal combustion engine of the paver. The heater serves to heat a bottom of the screed, in particular a screed base plate arranged under the same. This should be prevented in particular the adhesion of the freshly installed paving material under this compacting screed compacting. For this purpose, the screed base plate is divided into different heating sections. These heating sections may vary depending on the type of screed and requirement or application in their shape and condition. The heating sections furthermore have heating elements and / or heating resistors, by means of which the plank base plate is heated. In order to ensure that each heating section has exactly the temperature specified by an operator, or that all heating sections have the same temperature, each individual heating section is assigned at least one measuring transmitter, in particular a temperature measuring device. These temperatures are checked by a control unit during operation of the screed and compared with the predetermined target value. Furthermore is off, for example DE 203 05 577 U1 a screed is known in which the current or the voltage at each heating section, preferably at each heating element or heating resistor, is measured. These current measured values are also compared by the control unit with predetermined desired values. If the measured value deviates from a desired value, the defective heating segment or heating elements can be determined.

Das beschriebene Verfahren zur Überwachung der Beheizung der Einbaubohle gestaltet sich somit als sehr aufwendig. Für jede Heizsektion, für jeden Heizstab oder Heizwiderstand ist eine Strommesseinrichtung notwendig. Diese Strommesseinrichtungen generieren eine Vielzahl von Messsignalen, die von der Steuereinheit eingelesen und ausgewertet werden müssen. Des Weiteren muss jede Strommesseinrichtung der Heizsektionen, über eine Energieversorgung sowie Datenleitungen verfügen. Die dafür notwendige Verkabelung jeder einzelnen Strommesseinrichtung ist daher mit einem erheblichen herstellungstechnischen Aufwand verbunden, der zudem ein erhöhtes Risiko an Fehlern oder Defekten in sich birgt.The described method for monitoring the heating of the screed thus designed as very expensive. For each heating section, for each heating element or heating resistor, a current measuring device is necessary. These current measuring devices generate a large number of measuring signals which have to be read in and evaluated by the control unit. Furthermore, each current measuring device of the heating sections must have a power supply and data lines. The necessary wiring of each current measuring device is therefore associated with a considerable manufacturing effort, which also carries an increased risk of errors or defects in itself.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zu Grunde, ein Verfahren zu schaffen, durch das die Überwachung der Beheizung der Einbaubohle auf eine einfache und schnelle Weise erfolgt.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a method by which the monitoring of the heating of the screed takes place in a simple and fast way.

Ein Verfahren zur Lösung der genannten Aufgabe weist die Maßnahmen des Anspruchs 1 auf. Demnach ist es erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass bei einem Abweichen einer an einer Heizsektion gemessenen Ist-Temperatur von einer vorzugebenen Soll-Temperatur, alle Heizsektionen abgeschaltet werden, mit Ausnahme der Heizsektion an der die abweichende Temperatur gemessen wurde. Durch das Abschalten aller Heizsektionen, deren gemessene Ist-Temperatur mit der Soll-Temperatur identisch ist bzw. nur geringfügig abweicht, kann die Heizsektion, die anscheinend einen Defekt aufweist, isoliert werden. Für den Fall, dass mehrere Heizsektionen von der Soll-Temperatur abweichende Ist-Temperaturen aufweisen, werden die Heizsektionen, vorzugsweise gemäß einer Wichtung der Abweichung vom Soll-Wert entsprechend, nacheinander abgeschaltet. Durch diese Isolierung der fehlerhaften Heizsektion kann die Ursache für die abweichende Temperatur schnell und einfach analysiert und behoben werden. Der Wert der Soll-Temperatur kann vor der Inbetriebnahme der Einbaubohle durch eine Bedienperson eingestellt werden und ist abhängig von dem einzubauenden Straßenbaumaterial bzw. von der Einbaubohle.A method for achieving the stated object has the measures of claim 1. Accordingly, it is provided according to the invention that, in the case of a deviation of an actual temperature measured at a heating section from a preset target temperature, all heating sections are switched off, with the exception of the heating section at which the deviating temperature was measured. By switching off all heating sections whose measured actual temperature is identical or only slightly different from the setpoint temperature, the heating section, which appears to have a defect, can be isolated. In the event that several heating sections of the target temperature deviate actual temperatures, the heating sections, preferably according to a weighting of the deviation from the target value corresponding, turned off in succession. By isolating the faulty heating section, the cause of the deviant temperature can be quickly and easily analyzed and corrected. The value of the target temperature can be adjusted by an operator before commissioning of the screed and is dependent on the road construction material or the screed to be installed.

Bevorzugt kann es die Erfindung weiter vorsehen, dass durch das Abschalten aller Heizsektionen, mit Ausnahme der Heizsektion, an der die abweichende Temperatur gemessen wird, das mindestens eine defekte Heizelement bestimmt wird, insbesondere der mindestens eine defekte Heizwiderstand oder Heizstab bestimmt wird. Da jede Heizsektion mindestens ein Heizelement bzw. einen Heizwiderstand oder Heizstab aufweist, kann das Problem des fehlerhaften Heizens der Einbaubohle durch Abschalten aller funktionierenden Heizelemente auf einige wenige Heizelemente runter gebrochen werden. Wird bei diesem Verfahren zur Überwachung der Bohlenheizung festgestellt, dass die Heizelemente fehlerfrei funktionieren, weiß die Bedienperson, dass der Fehler an einer anderen Stelle der Heizsektion oder deren Peripherie zu suchen ist. Es ist darüber hinaus denkbar, dass innerhalb der Heizsektion einzelne Heizelemente abgeschaltet werden, um die Ursache bzw. den Ort des Defektes weiter einzugrenzen.Preferably, the invention can further provide that by switching off all heating sections, with the exception of the heating section, at which the deviating temperature is measured, the at least one defective heating element is determined, in particular the at least one defective heating resistor or heating element is determined. Since each heating section has at least one heating element or heating element or heating rod, the problem of defective heating of the built-in floor can be broken down by switching off all functioning heating elements to a few heating elements. If this procedure for monitoring the screed heating determines that the heating elements are functioning correctly, the operator knows that the fault is to be found elsewhere in the heating section or its periphery. It is also conceivable that individual heating elements are switched off within the heating section to further narrow down the cause or location of the defect.

Insbesondere sieht es die Erfindung als besonders vorteilhaft vor, dass der elektrische Strom der Heizsektionen gemessen wird, vorzugsweise an mindestens einer der drei Phasen eines Drehstromgenerators, insbesondere während alle Heizsektionen mit Ausnahme der Heizsektion an der die abweichende Temperatur gemessen wurde, abgeschaltet sind. Somit erfordert es die vorliegende Erfindung nur, dass der Strom am Drehstromgenerator bzw. an den drei Phasen des Drehstromgenerators gemessen wird und nicht an jeder einzelnen Heizsektion separat. Während eines fehlerfreien Betriebes der Einbaubohle sollte der an dem Drehstromgenerator gemessene Strom einem vorgegebenen Soll-Wert entsprechen. Dies gilt auch, wenn einzelne oder mehrere Heizsektionen abgeschaltet werden für einen entsprechend reduzierten Soll-Wert des Stroms. Wird nun festgestellt, dass eine Heizsektion nicht mit der vorgegebenen Temperatur heizt, wird genau diese eine Heizsektion durch Abschalten aller übrigen Heizsektionen isoliert. Der dann an dem Drehstromgenerator gemessene Stromwert entspricht nicht dem Wert des fehlerfreien Normalbetriebs. Durch das Abschalten aller funktionstüchtigen Heizsektionen wird die Strommessung reduziert zu einer Strommessung genau an derjenigen Heizsektion, die fehlerhaft ist. Auf diese Weise kann jede der Heizsektionen im Falle einer abweichenden Ist-Temperatur schnell und zuverlässig auf die Ursache der Fehlfunktion überprüft werden.In particular, the invention provides that the electrical current of the heating sections is measured, preferably on at least one of the three phases of an alternator, in particular while all heating sections except the heating section at which the deviating temperature has been measured are switched off. Thus, the present invention requires only that the current is measured at the three-phase generator or at the three phases of the alternator and not separately at each individual heating section. During fault-free operation of the screed, the current measured at the alternator should correspond to a predetermined desired value. This also applies if individual or several heating sections are switched off for a correspondingly reduced setpoint value of the current. If it is determined that a heating section does not heat at the predetermined temperature, exactly this one heating section is isolated by switching off all other heating sections. The current value then measured on the three-phase generator does not correspond to the value of the error-free normal operation. Turning off all functional heating sections will reduce the current measurement to a current measurement accurate to that heating section that is faulty. In this way, each of the heating sections can be quickly and reliably checked for the cause of the malfunction in the event of a deviating actual temperature.

Ein weiteres vorteilhaftes Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung sieht es vor, dass der am Drehstromgenerator gemessene Strom, insbesondere während alle Heizsektionen mit Ausnahme der defekten Heizsektion ausgeschaltet sind, mit Stromreferenzwerten verglichen werden, die vorzugsweise während eines Kalibrierungsverfahrens der Einbaubohle abgespeichert wurden. Zu Beginn des Herstellungsverfahrens bzw. bei Auslieferung der Einbaubohlen werden die Einbaubohle bzw. die Heizsektionen einer Kalibrierungsmessung unterzogen. Bei dieser Kalibrierung wird für jede Betriebstemperatur bei Übereinstimmung des gemessenen Ist-Wertes und des SollWertes der Strom am Drehstromgenerator für jede einzelne Heizsektion gemessen, insbesondere während alle anderen Heizsektionen ausgeschaltet sind. Diese Stromwerte werden in einer Steuereinheit gespeichert und für die Überwachung bzw. Analyse jeder einzelnen Heizsektion verwendet. Dabei können die an den einzelnen Heizsektionen gemessenen Ströme voneinander abweichen. Das heißt, dass die Werte für alle Heizsektionen zentral in der Steuereinheit gespeichert und verwertet werden. Durch diese Ressourcenbündelung gestaltet sich das gesamte Verfahren als einfacher und somit günstiger und zuverlässiger.A further advantageous embodiment of the present invention provides that the current measured at the three-phase generator, in particular while all heating sections except the defective heating section are switched off, are compared with current reference values, which are preferably during a calibration procedure the screed were stored. At the beginning of the manufacturing process or when the screeds are delivered, the screed or the heating sections are subjected to a calibration measurement. In this calibration, the current at the alternator for each heating section is measured for each operating temperature in accordance with the measured actual value and the target value for each heating section, in particular while all other heating sections are turned off. These current values are stored in a control unit and used for monitoring or analyzing each individual heating section. The currents measured at the individual heating sections may differ from each other. This means that the values for all heating sections are stored and utilized centrally in the control unit. This pooling of resources makes the whole process simpler and thus cheaper and more reliable.

Die vorliegende Erfindung kann es weiter vorsehen, dass durch die Messung des Stroms die defekte Heizsektion, vorzugsweise der defekte Heizwiderstand bzw. der defekte Heizstab auf der Einbaubohle lokalisiert wird. In der Regel weist jede Heizsektion mehrere Heizwiderstände bzw. Heizstäbe auf, die alle einen bestimmten Innenwiderstand aufweisen. Durch Messung des Stroms an dem Drehstromgenerator kann nun bestimmt werden, wie viele der Heizwiderstände bzw. Heizstäbe der Heizsektionen defekt sind. Durch entsprechende Charakterisierung der Heizwiderstände bzw. Heizstäbe durch ihre inneren Widerstände, ist es erfindungsgemäß auch vorgesehen, dass der gemessene Strom bzw. der daraus bestimmte Widerstand Aufschluss darüber gibt, welcher Heizwiderstand bzw. Heizstab defekt ist. Das hat den Vorteil, dass gezielt nur der bzw. die Heizwiderstände oder Heizstäbe ausgebaut bzw. ausgewechselt werden müssen die defekt sind.The present invention can further provide that the faulty heating section, preferably the defective heating resistor or the defective heating element, is located on the screed by measuring the current. In general, each heating section has a plurality of heating resistors or heating rods, which all have a certain internal resistance. By measuring the current at the three-phase generator can now be determined how many of the heating resistors or heating elements of the heating sections are defective. By appropriate characterization of the heating resistors or heating elements by their internal resistances, it is also provided according to the invention that the measured current or the resistance determined therefrom provides information about which heating resistor or heating element is defective. This has the advantage that specifically only the or the heating resistors or heating rods must be removed or replaced which are defective.

Vorzugsweise sieht es die Erfindung weiter vor, dass der Strom am Drehstromgenerator kontinuierlich oder taktweise während des Betriebs der Einbaubohle gemessen wird, insbesondere zur Strommessung alle bis auf eine Heizsektion zyklisch abgeschaltet werden und der gemessene Stromwert mit einem vorgegebenen Wert verglichen wird. Dazu wird während des Einbauens des Straßenbaumaterials in einem vorzugebenen Zyklus alle Heizsektionen, mit Ausnahme mindestens einer Heizsektion, kurzfristig abgeschaltet, um den Strom für die verbleibende Heizsektion zu messen. Dieses Ab- und Anschalten der Heizsektionen erfolgt derart, dass sich die Temperaturen der Heizsektionen nicht oder nur geringfügig ändern. Somit lässt sich während des Betriebs der Einbaubohle jede einzelne Heizsektion auf potenzielle Defekte überprüfen und gegebenenfalls vorbeugende Maßnahmen für einen störungsfreien Betrieb der Einbaubohle tätigen.Preferably, the invention further provides that the current at the three-phase generator is measured continuously or intermittently during operation of the screed, in particular for current measurement are all switched off cyclically except for a heating section and the measured current value is compared with a predetermined value. For this, during the installation of the road building material in a predetermined cycle, all the heating sections except for at least one heating section are temporarily turned off to measure the current for the remaining heating section. This switching off and on of the heating sections takes place in such a way that the temperatures of the heating sections do not change or only slightly change. Thus, during operation of the screed, each individual heating section can be checked for potential defects and if necessary, take preventive measures to ensure trouble-free operation of the screed.

Die Erfindung sieht es weiter vor, dass die Ist-Temperatur jeder Heizsektion mit der Soll-Temperatur jeder Heizsektion kontinuierlich oder taktweise während des Betriebs der Einbaubohle verglichen wird. Somit ist es vorgesehen, dass gemäß eines vorzugebenen Taktes bzw. Periodizität die Temperatur der Heizsektion mit der vorzugebenen Soll-Temperatur abgeglichen wird, auch wenn keine Fehlermeldung vorliegt.The invention further provides that the actual temperature of each heating section is compared with the setpoint temperature of each heating section continuously or intermittently during operation of the screed. Thus, it is provided that, in accordance with a specified cycle or periodicity, the temperature of the heating section is adjusted with the preset temperature to be preset, even if there is no error message.

Bevorzugt sieht es die Erfindung weiter vor, dass bei einer Abweichung zwischen gemessenem Ist-Temperaturwert und vorgebbarem Soll-Temperaturwert ein Signal erzeugt wird, insbesondere auf dem Display einer Bedieneinheit ein Signal erzeugt wird. Durch ein derartiges Signal wird die Bedienperson direkt über die aufgetretene Temperaturdifferenz unterrichtet. Je nach Systemkonfiguration ist es denkbar, dass die Steuereinrichtung direkt mit dem Abschalten der fehlerfreien Heizsektionen beginnt, oder die Bedienperson die Situation zunächst beurteilt, um dann gegebenenfalls die Heizsektionen abzuschalten. Dieses Signal kann optisch und/oder akustisch sein. Es ist jedoch auch erfindungsgemäß denkbar, dass das Signal über eine kabellose Verbindung an eine Steuereinrichtung übertragen wird, um von dort weitere Informationen bzw. Befehle zu erhalten.Preferably, the invention further provides that in the event of a deviation between the measured actual temperature value and the predefinable setpoint temperature value, a signal is generated, in particular a signal is generated on the display of an operating unit. By such a signal, the operator is informed directly about the occurred temperature difference. Depending on the system configuration, it is conceivable that the control device begins directly with the shutdown of fault-free heating sections, or the operator assesses the situation first, and then optionally turn off the heating sections. This signal can be optical and / or acoustic. However, it is also conceivable according to the invention that the signal is transmitted via a wireless connection to a control device in order to obtain further information or commands from there.

Insbesondere sieht es die Erfindung weiter vor, dass die Temperatur und/oder der Strom durch eine einen Mikrocontroller aufweisende Steuereinheit gemessen und/oder mit Referenzwerten verglichen werden. Diese Steuereinheit kann erfindungsgemäß auf dem Straßenfertiger in die Einbaubohle bzw. an den Generator integriert sein, oder einer externen Kontrolleinheit zugeordnet sein. Diese Steuereinheit ist je nach Betriebsmodus vollautomatisch betreibbar oder von einer Bedienperson bedienbar. Die den Mikrokontroller aufweisende Steuereinheit speichert sämtliche gemessene Temperatur- und Stromwerte, auch wenn keine Differenzen der Strom- bzw. Temperaturwerte festgestellt werden. Sie dient somit auch der Dokumentation für einen fehlerfreien bzw. störungsfreien Einbau des Straßenbelags.In particular, the invention further provides that the temperature and / or the current are measured by a control unit having a microcontroller and / or compared with reference values. This control unit can be inventively integrated on the paver in the screed or to the generator, or assigned to an external control unit. Depending on the operating mode, this control unit can be operated fully automatically or operated by an operator. The microcontroller having control unit stores all measured temperature and current values, even if no differences of the current or temperature values are detected. It also serves as documentation for a trouble-free or trouble-free installation of the road surface.

Ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird nachfolgend anhand der Figur näher erläutert. In der Figur ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens als Blockschaltbild schematisch dargestellt.A preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the figure. In the figure, an embodiment of the method according to the invention is shown schematically as a block diagram.

Die in der Fig. dargestellte Einbaubohle 10 weist vier Heizsektionen 11, 12, 13, 14 auf. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist jedoch nicht auf diese Anzahl von Heizsektionen eingeschränkt; vielmehr ist es denkbar, dass die Einbaubohle eine größere Anzahl von Heizsektionen aufweist.The screed 10 shown in the figure has four heating sections 11, 12, 13, 14. However, the method of the invention is not limited to this number of heating sections; Rather, it is conceivable that the screed has a larger number of heating sections.

Jeder Heizsektion 11 bis 14 ist ein nicht dargestellter Temperaturmesswertgeber zugeordnet. Die durch die Temperaturmesswertgeber gemessenen Temperaturen werden über Signalleitungen 15 einer einen Mikrocontroller aufweisenden Steuereinheit 16 zugeführt. Der Pfeil 17 markiert die Richtung in der die Temperaturinformationen der Heizsektion 11 bis 14 durch die Signalleitung 15 transportiert werden.Each heating section 11 to 14 is associated with a temperature sensor, not shown. The temperatures measured by the temperature transmitters are supplied via signal lines 15 to a control unit 16 having a microcontroller. The arrow 17 marks the direction in which the temperature information of the heating section 11 to 14 is transported through the signal line 15.

In der Steuereinheit 16 werden vor Inbetriebnahme der Einbaubohle 10 Soll-Temperaturen gespeichert. Die an den einzelnen Heizsektionen 11 bis 14 gemessenen Temperaturwerte (Ist-Werte) werden von der Steuereinheit 16 mit den Soll-Werten verglichen. Der Abgleich der Temperaturwerte bzw. die aktuellen Ist-Temperaturwerte können auf einer Anzeige 18 dargestellt werden.In the control unit 16 10 set temperatures are stored before starting the screed. The temperature values (actual values) measured at the individual heating sections 11 to 14 are compared by the control unit 16 with the desired values. The adjustment of the temperature values or the current actual temperature values can be displayed on a display 18.

Die einzelnen Heizsektionen 11 bis 14 weisen nicht dargestellte elektrische Heizwiderstände oder Heizstäbe auf. Diese Heizwiderstände bzw. Heizstäbe werden durch einen Drehstromgenerator 19 mit elektrischer Energie versorgt. Der Drehstromgenerator 19 wird durch einen nicht dargestellten primären Verbrennungsmotor angetrieben. Alle drei Phasen 20 des Drehstromgenerators 19 werden einem Schaltschrank 21 zugeführt. Von diesem Schaltschrank 21 ausgehend, wird jede Heizsektion 11 bis 14 über jeweils eine Leitung 22 mit elektrischer Energie versorgt. Der Schaltschrank 21 dient insbesondere dem Schutz der Heizsektionen 11 bis 14 und weist entsprechende Sicherungen und Schalter auf.The individual heating sections 11 to 14 have not shown electrical heating resistors or heating rods. These heating resistors or heating rods are powered by an alternator 19 with electrical energy. The alternator 19 is driven by a primary combustion engine, not shown. All three phases 20 of the alternator 19 are fed to a cabinet 21. Starting from this cabinet 21, each heating section 11 to 14 is supplied via a respective line 22 with electrical energy. The control cabinet 21 is used in particular for the protection of the heating sections 11 to 14 and has corresponding fuses and switches.

Während des Betriebs der Einbaubohle 10 wird der Strom durch eine Strommesseinrichtung 23 an allen drei Phasen 20 gemessen. Der gemessene Strom wird der Steuereinheit 16 durch eine weitere Leitung 24 zugeführt. Auf der Steuereinheit 16 sind Stromwerte gespeichert, die bei einer Kalibrierung der Einbaubohle 10 vor der Herstellung des Straßenbelags aufgenommen wurden. Bei der Kalibrierung wurden die Strommesswerte für den Betrieb der Einbaubohle 10 ermittelt, dass heißt, für den Fall, dass alle Heizsektionen 11 bis 14 fehlerfrei funktionieren; sowie die Stromwerte für einzelne Heizsektionen 11 oder 12 oder 13 oder 14, während die anderen Heizsektionen 11 bis 14 ausgeschaltet sind. Mit diesen Soll-Stromwerten der Kalibrierung werden die während des Betriebs der Einbaubohle 10 gemessenen Stromwerte von der Steuereinheit 16 verglichen.During operation of the screed 10, the current is measured by a current measuring device 23 on all three phases 20. The measured current is supplied to the control unit 16 through a further line 24. On the control unit 16 current values are stored, which were recorded during a calibration of the screed 10 prior to the production of the road surface. During the calibration, the current measured values for the operation of the screed 10 were determined, that is, in the event that all the heating sections 11 to 14 are functioning correctly; and the current values for individual heating sections 11 or 12 or 13 or 14, while the other heating sections 11 to 14 are switched off. These nominal current values of the calibration are used during the Operation of the screed 10 measured current values compared by the control unit 16.

Wenn während des Betriebs der Einbaubohle 10 eine Abweichung einer gemessenen Ist-Temperatur an einer der Heizsektionen 11 bis 14 von einer Soll-Temperatur festgestellt wird, wird ein entsprechendes Signal von der Steuereinheit 16 erzeugt und an den Schaltschrank 21 weitergeleitet, so dass alle Heizsektionen mit Ausnahme der Heizsektion, an der die abweichende Ist-Temperatur gemessen wurde, abgeschaltet werden. Sobald die fehlerfrei funktionierenden Heizsektionen abgeschaltet sind, wird durch die Strommesseinrichtung 23 der Strom an mindestens einer der Phasen 20 gemessen und an die Steuereinheit 16 übermittelt. Aufgrund des gemessenen Strommesswertes ermittelt die Steuereinheit 16, ob ein Heizwiderstand oder ein Heizstab der entsprechenden Heizsektion defekt ist. Die Steuereinheit 16 ermittelt außerdem, wie viele Heizwiderstände bzw. Heizstäbe in der Heizsektion defekt sind und gegebenenfalls welcher Heizwiderstand bzw. welcher Heizstab defekt ist.If during operation of the screed 10, a deviation of a measured actual temperature at one of the heating sections 11 to 14 is determined by a target temperature, a corresponding signal is generated by the control unit 16 and forwarded to the cabinet 21, so that all heating sections with Except the heating section, where the deviating actual temperature was measured, be switched off. As soon as the faultlessly functioning heating sections are switched off, the current at at least one of the phases 20 is measured by the current measuring device 23 and transmitted to the control unit 16. On the basis of the measured measured current value, the control unit 16 determines whether a heating resistor or a heating rod of the corresponding heating section is defective. The control unit 16 also determines how many heating resistors or heating elements in the heating section are defective and, if appropriate, which heating resistance or which heating element is defective.

Die abweichende Ist-Temperatur bzw. für den Fall, dass eine gemessene Ist-Temperatur von einem Soll-Wert abweicht, wird dies auf der Anzeige 18 dargestellt. Zusätzlich oder alternativ kann die Abweichung auch durch ein akustisches Signal unterstützt werden. Zusätzlich wird auf der Anzeige 18 der an den defekten Heizsektionen gemessene Stromwert dargestellt und die defekte Heizsektion benannt. Sobald die Ursache für den abweichenden Temperaturwert ermittelt wurde, kann der Fehler durch Austauschen des Heizstabes oder des Heizwiderstands behoben werden.The deviating actual temperature or in the event that a measured actual temperature deviates from a desired value, this is shown on the display 18. Additionally or alternatively, the deviation can also be supported by an acoustic signal. In addition, the current value measured on the defective heating sections is displayed on the display 18 and the defective heating section is named. As soon as the cause of the deviating temperature value has been determined, the fault can be corrected by replacing the heating element or the heating resistor.

Ein derartiger Abgleich der Ist-Temperatur mit der Soll-Temperatur erfolgt erfindungsgemäß kontinuierlich oder Taktweise während des gesamten Herstellungsprozesses des Straßenbelags. Des Weiteren ist es erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass die Heizsektionen 11 bis 14 zyklisch an- und abgeschaltet werden und jeweils der Stromwert durch die Strommesseinrichtung 23 an den Phasen 20 ermittelt werden und mit den kalibrierten Soll-Werten verglichen werden.Such an adjustment of the actual temperature with the target temperature is carried out according to the invention continuously or cyclically during the entire production process of the road surface. Furthermore, it is provided according to the invention that the heating sections 11 to 14 are switched on and off cyclically and in each case the current value is determined by the current measuring device 23 at the phases 20 and compared with the calibrated desired values.

Das beschriebene, erfindungsgemäße Verfahren lässt sich an bereits fertiggestellten und gegebenenfalls ausgelieferten Straßenfertigern implementieren. Die Einbaubohle bzw. ein Straßenfertiger kann somit mit dem beschriebenen Verfahren nachgerüstet werden.The described method according to the invention can be implemented on already finished and possibly delivered road pavers. The screed or a paver can thus be retrofitted with the described method.

Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1010
Einbaubohlescreed
1111
Heizsektionheating section
1212
Heizsektionheating section
1313
Heizsektionheating section
1414
Heizsektionheating section
1515
Signalleitungsignal line
1616
Steuereinheitcontrol unit
1717
Pfeilarrow
1818
Anzeigedisplay
1919
DrehstromgeneratorAlternator
2020
Phasephase
2121
Schaltschrankswitch cabinet
2222
Leitungmanagement
2323
StrommesseinrichtungCurrent measurement device
2424
Leitungmanagement
2525
Leitungmanagement

Claims (10)

  1. Method for monitoring a screed heater of a road finishing machine, wherein a plurality of heating sections (11, 12, 13, 14) are associated with a laying screed (10) of the road finishing machine for the purpose of heating the laying screed (10), which heating sections are heated by electrical heating elements and the temperatures of the heating sections (11, 12, 13, 14) are ascertained by measurement pickups, in particular temperature sensors, characterized in that, when there is a deviation in an actual temperature, which is measured at a heating section (11, 12, 13, 14), from a setpoint temperature which is to be prespecified, all of the heating sections (11, 12, 13, 14) are switched off, with the exception of the heating section (11, 12, 13, 14) at which the deviating temperature was measured.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the at least one defective heating element is determined, in particular the at least one defective heating resistor or heating rod is determined, by virtue of switching off all of the heating sections (11, 12, 13, 14) with the exception of the heating section (11, 12, 13, 14) at which the deviating temperature was measured.
  3. Method according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the electric current of the heating sections (11, 12, 13, 14) is measured, preferably at at least one of the three phases (20) of a three-phase generator (19) which supplies current to the heating sections (11, 12, 13, 14), in particular while all of the heating sections (11, 12, 13, 14) with the exception of the heating section (11, 12, 13, 14) at which the deviating temperature was measured are switched off.
  4. Method according to Claim 3, characterized in that the current which is measured at the three-phase generator (19), in particular while all of the heating sections (11, 12, 13, 14) with the exception of the defective heating section (11, 12, 13, 14) are switched off, is compared with reference current values which were preferably stored during calibration of the laying screed (10) .
  5. Method according to either of the preceding Claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the defective heating section (11, 12, 13, 14), preferably the defective heating resistor or the defective heating rod, on the laying screed (10) is located by virtue of measuring the current.
  6. Method according to one of the preceding Claims 3-5, characterized in that the number of defective heating sections (11, 12, 13, 14), preferably of defective heating resistors or of defective heating rods, is ascertained by virtue of measuring the current.
  7. Method according to one of the preceding Claims 3-6, characterized in that the current at the three-phase generator (19) is continuously or intermittently measured during operation of the laying screed (10), in particular, for current measurement, all apart from one heating section (11, 12, 13, 14) are cyclically switched off and switched on again and the measured current value is compared with a prespecified value.
  8. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actual temperature of each heating section (11, 12, 13, 14) is continuously or intermittently compared with the setpoint temperature of each heating section (11, 12, 13, 14) during operation of the laying screed (10).
  9. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, when there is a deviation between the measured actual temperature value and the prespecified setpoint temperature value, a signal is generated, in particular a signal is generated on a display (18) of an operator control unit.
  10. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature and/or the current are/is measured and/or compared with the reference values by a control unit (16) which has a microcontroller.
EP15003553.3A 2015-01-28 2015-12-12 Method for monitoring a plank heater of a road finishing machine Active EP3051024B1 (en)

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DE102015000943.5A DE102015000943A1 (en) 2015-01-28 2015-01-28 Method for monitoring a screed heater of a road paver

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DE102023111175A1 (en) 2022-05-06 2023-11-09 Caterpillar Paving Products Inc. MONITORING THE INSULATION RESISTANCE OF A SCREED ASSEMBLY OF A ROAD PAVER

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EP3960933A1 (en) * 2020-08-27 2022-03-02 Joseph Vögele AG Method for adjusting the temperature of a screed plate of a paving screed of a road finisher
EP4116493A1 (en) * 2021-07-07 2023-01-11 Joseph Vögele AG Paver with heating device and method

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DE3602820A1 (en) * 1986-01-30 1987-08-06 Windmoeller & Hoelscher METHOD FOR CHECKING THE FUNCTIONALITY OF PARALLEL SWITCHED LOAD RESISTORS
AU3595000A (en) * 1999-02-11 2000-08-29 Ingersoll-Rand Company Automatically regulated heating system for paving screed
DE20305577U1 (en) * 2003-04-07 2004-08-19 Joseph Vögele AG Road repairer has electric heater for pile installation and with monitoring circuit for heater
US9234931B2 (en) * 2013-03-08 2016-01-12 Caterpillar Inc. Fault detection system with leakage current detection

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102023111175A1 (en) 2022-05-06 2023-11-09 Caterpillar Paving Products Inc. MONITORING THE INSULATION RESISTANCE OF A SCREED ASSEMBLY OF A ROAD PAVER

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