EP3046416A1 - Combinaisons de principes actifs - Google Patents

Combinaisons de principes actifs

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Publication number
EP3046416A1
EP3046416A1 EP14766696.0A EP14766696A EP3046416A1 EP 3046416 A1 EP3046416 A1 EP 3046416A1 EP 14766696 A EP14766696 A EP 14766696A EP 3046416 A1 EP3046416 A1 EP 3046416A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plant
active compound
increase
content
plants
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14766696.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Lino Miguel Dias
Martin Vaupel
Andreas Goertz
Hilmar Wolf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayer CropScience AG
Original Assignee
Bayer CropScience AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayer CropScience AG filed Critical Bayer CropScience AG
Priority to EP14766696.0A priority Critical patent/EP3046416A1/fr
Publication of EP3046416A1 publication Critical patent/EP3046416A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
    • A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
    • A01N47/12—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, neither directly attached to a ring nor the nitrogen atom being a member of a heterocyclic ring
    • A01N47/14—Di-thio analogues thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/14—Boron; Compounds thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants

Definitions

  • the present invention primarily relates to active compound combinations comprising (A) propineb and a constituent (B) comprising (Bl) one or more salts containing boron (B), and (B2) one or more salts containing manganese (Mn). More specifically, the active compound combinations according to the invention are useful for improving plant quality. The present invention further relates to corresponding methods and uses of the active compound combinations according to the present invention.
  • Propineb of the formula (C53 ⁇ 4N2S4Zn) x is polymeric zinc propylenebis(dithiocarbamate) (CAS Reg No. 12071-83-9) and can be described by the following formula (I)
  • Propineb is known to have fungicidal properties and can be used for controlling various plant diseases (see e.g. GB 935,981).
  • WO 20 ⁇ /107443 Al teaches the use of propineb for the physiological preventive treatment and curative treatment under zinc deficiency. There, it is also reported that in addition to the physiological curative ef- feet propineb treatment resulted in higher yields.
  • propineb was applied to the respective plants through spray application.
  • WO 2012/089724 Al relates to a method for improving plant quality, which method comprises treating the crop plant and/or the locus where the crop plant is growing or is intended to grow and/or the plant propagules with a plant quality improving amount of a micronutrient containing active ingredient.
  • compositions providing an improving crop yield containing (1) certain dithio- carbamidates and (2) a manganese (Mn) salt of an inorganic or organic acid.
  • WO 2005/070204 reports the use of micronutrients in pesticide compositions for reducing phyto- toxicity.
  • the environmental and economic requirements imposed on modern-day crop protection compositions are continually increasing. This does not only relate to, for example, the spectrum of action, to toxicity, to selectivity, to application rate, and the like, but also to improved plant quality, in particular increased yield, and or to improved plant vigor. It has now surprisingly been found that the active compound combinations according to the present invention not only bring about an enhancement of the spectrum of action with respect to phytopathogens to be controlled, but moreover an improved plant quality, in particular increased yield, and/or to an improved plant vigor are achieved.
  • the active compound combinations according to the invention have properties which are synergistic, such as improved properties of the plant, for example better growth, increased harvest yields, a better developed root system, a larger leaf area, greener leaves, stronger shoots, in particular greener leaves.
  • the present invention relates to active compound combinations comprising:
  • constituent (Bl) are selected from the group consisting of boron oxides, and boric acids, and the salts thereof.
  • constituent (Bl) are selected from the group consisting of boron trioxide (B2O3), H3BO3, H2B4O7, sodium borates (preferably borax, also known as sodium borate, sodium tetraborate, or disodium tetraborate, preferably anhydrous borax borax pentahydrate or borax decahydrate lOEbO)), potassium borates (preferably K2B4O7, and the hydrates thereof, preferably the tetrahydrate thereof K2B4O7 4H2O), calcium borates (preferably CaB407, Ca3(B03)2, and the hydrates thereof), magnesium borates (preferably MgB/iOv, Mg3(B03)2, and the group consisting of constituent (Bl) are selected from the group consisting of boron trioxide (B2O3), H3BO3, H2B
  • constituent (B2) are selected from the group consisting of manganese (II) salts, preferably selected from the group consisting of manganese (II) acetate, manganese (II) sulfate, manganese (II) chloride, manganese (II) nitrate, and manganese (II) phosphate.
  • manganese (II) salts preferably selected from the group consisting of manganese (II) acetate, manganese (II) sulfate, manganese (II) chloride, manganese (II) nitrate, and manganese (II) phosphate.
  • constituent (Bl) comprises or consists of disodium tetraborate and/or disodium tetraborate hydrates, and/or
  • constituent (B2) comprises or consists of manganese (II) sulfate and/or manganese (II) chloride.
  • the synergistic effect is particularly pronounced.
  • the ratio by weight of constituent (A) to the total weight of boron and manganese of constituent (B) is in the range of 1250 : 1 to 25 : 1, preferably in the range of 1000 : 1 to 50 : 1, more preferably in the range of 500 : 1 to 75 : 1, and particularly preferably in the range of 350 : 1 to 100 : 1 , in each case based on the total weight of the active compound combination.
  • the ratio by weight of the total amount of boron [of constituent (Bl)] to the total amount of manganese [of constituent (B2)] is in the range of 3 : 1 to 1 : 3, preferably in the range of 2 : 1 to 1 : 2, more preferably in the range of 3 : 2 to 2 : 3, even more preferably in the range of 4 : 3 to 3 : 4, and most preferably in the range of 5 : 4 to 4 : 5, in each case based on the total weight of the active compound combination.
  • an active compound combination according to the present invention further comprises
  • micronutrients selected from the group consisting of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), molybdenum (Mo), selenium (Se), aluminum (Al), cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni), and/or
  • an active compound combination according to the present invention further comprises
  • N nitrogen
  • P phosphorus
  • K potassium
  • micronutrients selected from the group consisting of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), molybdenum (Mo), selenium (Se), aluminum (Al), cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni).
  • An active compound combination according to present invention preferably comprises one or more further components selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide, zinc acetate, zinc benzoate, zinc chloride, zinc citrate, zinc nitrate, zinc salicylate; cupric acetate, cupric butyrate, cupric chlorate, cupric chloride, cupric citrate, cupric gluconate, cupric glycinate, cupric nitrate, cupric salicylate, cuprous acetate, cuprous chloride; ferric chloride, ferric citrate, ferric fructose, ferric glycerophosphate, ferric nitrate, ferric oxide, saccharated ferric oxide, ferrous chloride, ferrous citrate, ferrous fumarate, ferrous gluconate, ferrous succinate; molybdic acid, calcium molybdate, potassium molybdate, sodium molybdate; sodium selenite, potassium selenite, sodium selenate, potassium selenate; aluminum phosphate, aluminum silicate; cobaltic
  • the expression “combination” stands for the various combinations of constituents (A) and (B), for example in a single “ready-mix” form, in a combined spray mixture composed from separate formulations of the single active compounds, such as a "tank-mix”, and in a combined use of the single active ingredients when applied in a sequential manner, i.e. one after the other within a short period, preferably within less than two hours.
  • the present invention relates to the novel method for improving plant quality by applying the active compound combinations according to the present invention to the plants, plant part and/or their habitat.
  • plant quality quality of a plant
  • yield for example increased biomass, increased content of valuable ingredients and/or improved content or composition of certain ingredients
  • plant vigor for example improved plant growth and/or greener leaves
  • yield is to be understood as any plant part or product of economic value that is produced by the plant such as grains, leaves, roots, fruits in the proper sense, vegetables, nuts, seeds, wood (e.g. in the case of forestry) or even flowers (e.g. in the case of horticulture and ornamentals).
  • the plant products may in addition be further utilized and/or processed after harvesting.
  • "increased yield" of a crop plant means that the yield of a product of the respective crop plant is increased by a measurable amount over the yield of the same product of the plant produced under the same conditions, but without the application of the micronutrient containing active ingredient. Increased yield can be characterized inter alia by following improved properties of the crop plant:
  • vitamin content e.g. of Vitamin Bi, B2, C and E
  • the yield is increased by at least 5 % or more, preferably 10 % or more, more preferably 15 % or more, even more preferably 20 % or more, and even more preferably 25 % or more, in each case compared to the respective untreated control plant.
  • plant vigor Another indicator for the quality of a plant, in particular for the condition of the crop plant is the "plant vigor".
  • the plant vigor becomes manifest in several aspects such as the general visual appearance and growth.
  • Improved plant vigor can be characterized inter alia by following improved properties of the plant:
  • the plant vigor is increased by at least 5 % or more, preferably 10 % or more, more preferably 15 % or more, even more preferably 20 % or more, and even more preferably 25 % or more, in each case compared to the respective untreated control plant.
  • different quality parameters are more preferably increased than others. In the following some quality parameters are mentioned depending on the treated crop plant.
  • the following plants and plant parts are treated with an active compound combinations according to the present invention: cereals such as wheat, barley, rye, triticale, sorghum/millet and oats, maize, cotton, soy beans, rice, potatoes, sunflowers, beans, coffee, beets (for example sugar beet and fodder beet), peanuts, oilseed rape, fruits (such as apples, pears and citrus fruits), vegetables (such as tomatoes, cucumbers, onions and lettuce), turf and ornamentals (see also below).
  • cereals such as wheat, barley, rye, triticale, sorghum/millet and oats, maize, cotton, soy beans, rice, potatoes, sunflowers, beans, coffee, beets (for example sugar beet and fodder beet), peanuts, oilseed rape, fruits (such as apples, pears and citrus fruits), vegetables (such as tomatoes, cucumbers, onions and lettuce), turf and ornamentals (see also below).
  • plants and plant parts belonging to Solanaceae sp. e.g. tomatoes, potatoes, peppers, capsicum, aubergines, tobacco
  • Solanaceae sp. e.g. tomatoes, potatoes, peppers, capsicum, aubergines, tobacco
  • the preferred quality parameters for corn/maize are ⁇ increased carotenoid content (e.g. of Vitamin A),
  • the preferred quality parameters for tomatoes, cucumbers and peppers are
  • the preferred quality parameters for grapes/vine are ⁇ higher anthocyanin content
  • the present invention further relates to compositions comprising an effective and preferably non-phytotoxic amount of the active compound combinations according to the present invention. These compositions are also suitable for controlling unwanted microorganisms, especially unwanted fungi and bacteria. Said preferably fungicidal compositions comprise agriculturally suitable auxiliaries, solvents, carriers, surfactants and/or extenders.
  • control of harmful microorganisms means a reduction in infestation by harmful microorganisms, compared with the untreated plant measured as fungicidal efficacy, preferably a reduction by 25-50 %, compared with the untreated plant, more preferably a reduction by 40-79 %, compared with the untreated plant; even more preferably, the infection by harmful microorganisms is almost completely or entirely suppressed (by 80-100 %).
  • the control of harmful microorganisms may be curative, i.e. for treatment of already infected plants, or protective, i. e. for protection of plants which have not yet been infected.
  • an "effective but non-phytotoxic amount” means an amount which is sufficient to control the fungal disease of the plant in a satisfactory manner or to eradicate the fungal disease completely, and which, at the same time, does not cause any significant symptoms of phytotoxicity. In general, this application rate may vary within a relatively wide range. It depends on several factors, for example on the fungus to be con- trolled, the plant, the climatic conditions and the constituents of the active compound combinations according to the present invention.
  • the present invention relates to a composition
  • a composition comprising
  • adjuvants auxiliaries
  • adjuvants selected from the group consisting of organic solvents, surfactants, inorganic carriers, organic carriers, and other extenders.
  • composition according to the present invention comprises a total amount of
  • the active compound combination according to the present invention preferably as defined in one of the above-identified preferred embodiments, in the range of 0.05 to 0.5 wt.%, preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.3 wt.%, and/or
  • composition according to the present invention comprises a total amount of
  • compositions according to the present invention may be preferably obtained by a method, characterized by the following steps:
  • Suitable organic solvents include all polar and non-polar organic solvents usually employed for formulation purposes.
  • the solvents are selected from ketones, e.g. methyl-isobutyl-ketone and cyclo- hexanone, amides, e.g. dimethyl formamide and alkanecarboxylic acid amides, e.g. N,N-dimethyl decane- amide and ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethyl octanamide, furthermore cyclic solvents, e.g.
  • a carrier is a natural or synthetic, organic or inorganic substance with which the active ingredients are mixed or combined for better applicability, in particular for application to plants or plant parts or seed.
  • the carrier which may be solid or liquid, is generally inert and should be suitable for use in agriculture.
  • Useful solid or liquid carriers include: for example ammonium salts and natural rock dusts, such as kaolins, clays, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite or diatomaceous earth, and synthetic rock dusts, such as finely divided silica, alumina and natural or synthetic silicates, resins, waxes, solid fertilizers, water, alcohols, especially butanol, organic solvents, mineral and vegetable oils, and derivatives thereof. Mixtures of such carriers can likewise be used.
  • Suitable solid filler and carrier include inorganic particles, e.g.
  • Useful solid carriers for granules include: for example crushed and fractionated natural rocks such as cal- cite, marble, pumice, sepiolite, dolomite, and synthetic granules of inorganic and organic meals, and also granules of organic material such as sawdust, coconut shells, maize cobs and tobacco stalks.
  • Useful liquefied gaseous extenders or carriers are those liquids which are gaseous at standard temperature and under standard pressure, for example aerosol propellants such as halohydrocarbons, and also butane, propane, nitrogen and carbon dioxide.
  • tackifiers such as carboxymethylcellulose, and natural and synthetic polymers in the form of powders, granules or latices, such as gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetate, or else natural phospholipids, such as cephalins and lecithins, and synthetic phospholip- ids.
  • Further additives may be mineral and vegetable oils.
  • Useful liquid solvents are essentially: aromatics such as xylene, toluene or alkylnaphthalenes, chlorinated aromatics and chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzenes, chloroethylenes or dichloromethane, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane or paraffins, for example mineral oil fractions, mineral and vegetable oils, alcohols such as butanol or glycol and their ethers and esters, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl iso- butyl ketone or cyclohexanone, and/or strongly polar solvents such as dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulphoxide.
  • aromatics such as xylene, toluene or alkylnaphthalenes
  • chlorinated aromatics and chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzenes, chloroethylenes or dichloromethane
  • the active compound combinations according to the present invention may additionally comprise further components, for example surfactants.
  • useful surfactants are emulsifiers and/or foam formers, dispersants or wetting agents having ionic or nonionic properties, or mixtures of these surfactants.
  • salts of poly- acrylic acid salts of lignosulphonic acid, salts of phenolsulphonic acid or naphthalenesulphonic acid, polycon- densates of ethylene oxide with fatty alcohols or with fatty acids or with fatty amines, substituted phenols (preferably alkylphenols or arylphenols), salts of sulphosuccinic esters, taurine derivatives (preferably alkyl taurates), phosphoric esters of polyethoxylated alcohols or phenols, fatty esters of polyols, and derivatives of the compounds containing sulphates, sulphonates and phosphates, for example alkylaryl polyglycol ethers, alkylsulpho- nates, alkylsulphates, arylsulphonates, protein hydrolysates, lignosulphite waste liquors and methylcellulose.
  • the presence of a surfactant is necessary if one of the active ingredients and/or one of the inert carriers is insoluble in water and when application is effected in water.
  • the proportion of surfactants preferably is in the range of 5 and 40 % by weight of the composition according to the present invention.
  • Suitable surfactants include all common ionic and non-ionic substances, for example ethoxylated nonylphenols, polyalkylene glycolether of linear or branched alcohols, reaction products of alkyl phenols with ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide, reaction products of fatty acid amines with ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide, furthermore fattic acid esters, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulphates, alkyl ethersulphates, alkyl etherphosphates, arylsulphate, ethoxylated arylalkylphenols, e.g.
  • tristyryl-phenol-ethoxylates furthermore ethoxylated and propoxylated arylalkylphenols like sulphated or phosphated arylalkylphenol-ethoxylates and -ethoxy- and -propoxylates.
  • arylalkylphenols like sulphated or phosphated arylalkylphenol-ethoxylates and -ethoxy- and -propoxylates.
  • Further examples are natural and synthetic, water soluble polymers, e.g.
  • lignosulphonates gelatine, gum arabic, phospholipides, starch, hydrophobic modified starch and cellulose derivatives, in particular cellulose ester and cellulose ether, further polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl pyrrol- idone, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid and co-polymerisates of (meth)acrylic acid and (meth)acrylic acid esters, and further co-polymerisates of methacrylic acid and methacrylic acid esters which are neu- tralized with alkalimetal hydroxide and also condensation products of optionally substituted naphthalene sulfonic acid salts with formaldehyde.
  • dyes such as inorganic pigments, for example iron oxide, titanium oxide and Prussian Blue, and organic dyes such as alizarin dyes, azo dyes and metal phthalocyanine dyes.
  • Antifoams which may be present in the formulations include e.g. silicone emulsions, long chain alcohols, fatty acids and their salts as well as fluoroorganic substances and mixtures therof.
  • thickeners are polysaccharides, e.g. xanthan gum orveegum, silicates, e.g. attapulgite, bentonite as well as fine-particle silica.
  • additional components for example protective colloids, binders, adhesives, thickeners, thixotropic substances, penetrants, stabilizers, sequestrants, com- plexing agents.
  • the active ingredients can be combined with any solid or liquid additive commonly used for formulation purposes.
  • the active compound combinations or compositions according to the present invention can be used as such or, depending on their particular physical and/or chemical properties, in the form of their formulations or the use forms prepared therefrom, such as aerosols, capsule suspensions, cold-fogging concentrates, warm- fogging concentrates, encapsulated granules, fine granules, flowable concentrates for the treatment of seed, ready-to-use solutions, dustable powders, emulsifiable concentrates, oil-in-water emulsions, water-in-oil emulsions, macrogran- ules, microgranules, oil-dispersible powders, oil-miscible flowable concentrates, oil-miscible liquids, gas (under pressure), gas generating product, foams, pastes, pesticide coated seed, suspension concentrates, suspoemulsion concentrates, soluble concentrates, suspensions, wettable powders, soluble powders, dusts and granules, water- soluble and water-disp
  • the active compound combinations according to the present invention include not only formulations which are already ready for use and can be applied with a suitable apparatus to the plant or the seed, but also commercial concentrates which have to be diluted with water prior to use. Customary applications are for example dilution in water and subsequent spraying of the resulting spray liquor, application after dilution in oil, direct application without dilution, seed treatment or soil application of granules.
  • the formulations mentioned can be prepared in a manner known per se, for example by mixing the active ingredients with at least one customary extender, solvent or diluent, adjuvant, emulsifier, dispersant, and/or binder or fixative, wetting agent, water repellent, if appropriate desiccants and UV stabilizers and, if appropriate, dyes and pigments, antifoams, preservatives, inorganic and organic thickeners, adhesives, gibberellins and also further processing auxiliaries and also water.
  • further processing steps are necessary, e.g. wet grinding, dry grinding and granulation.
  • the active compound combinations according to the present invention may be present as such or in their (commercially available) formulations and in the use forms prepared from these formulations as a mixture with other (known) active ingredients, such as insecticides, attractants, sterilants, bactericides, acaricides, nematicides, fungicides, growth regulators, herbicides, fertilizers, safeners and/or semiochemicals.
  • active ingredients such as insecticides, attractants, sterilants, bactericides, acaricides, nematicides, fungicides, growth regulators, herbicides, fertilizers, safeners and/or semiochemicals.
  • the inventive treatment of the plants and plant parts with the active ingredients or compositions is effected directly or by action on their surroundings, habitat or storage space by the customary treatment meth- ods, for example by dipping, spraying, atomizing, irrigating, evaporating, dusting, fogging, broadcasting, foaming, painting, spreading-on, watering (drenching), drip irrigating and, in the case of propagation material, especially in the case of seeds, also by dry seed treatment, wet seed treatment, slurry treatment, incrustation, coating with one or more coats, etc. It is also possible to deploy the active ingredients by the ultra-low volume method or to inject the active ingredient preparation or the active ingredient itself into the soil.
  • the active compound combinations or compositions according to the present invention exhibit potent microbicidal activity and can be used for control of unwanted microorganisms, such as fungi and bacteria, in crop protection and in the protection of materials.
  • the invention also relates to a method for controlling unwanted microorganisms, characterized in that an active ingredient combination or composition according to the present invention is applied to the phytopathogenic fungi, phytopathogenic bacteria and/or their habitat.
  • Fungicides can be used in crop protection for control of phytopathogenic fungi. They are characterized by an outstanding efficacy against a broad spectrum of phytopathogenic fungi, including soilborne pathogens, which are in particular members of the classes Plasmodiophoromycetes, Peronosporomycetes (Syn. Oomycetes), Chytridiomycetes, Zygomycetes, Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes (Syn. Fungi imper- fecti). Some fungicides are systemically active and ca be used in plant protection as foliar, seed dressing or soil fungicide. Furthermore, they are suitable for combating fungi, which inter alia infest wood or roots of plant. Bactericides can be used in crop protection for control of Pseudomonadaceae, Rhizobiaceae, Enterobac- teriaceae, Corynebacteriaceae and Streptomycetaceae.
  • Non-limiting examples of pathogens of fungal diseases which can be treated in accordance with the invention include:
  • Blumeria species for example Blumeria graminis
  • Podosphaera species for example Podosphaera leucotricha
  • Sphaerotheca species for example Sphaerotheca fuliginea
  • Uncinula species for example Uncinula necator
  • rust disease pathogens for example Gymnosporangium species, for example Gymnospo- rangium sabinae
  • Hemileia species for example Hemileia vastatrix
  • Phakopsora species for example Phakopsora pachyrhizi and Phakopsora meibomiae
  • Puecinia species for example Puccinia recondite, P. trit- icina, P. graminis or P. striiformis
  • Uromyces species for example Uromyces appendiculatus
  • diseases caused by pathogens from the group of the Oomycetes for example Albugo species, for example Algubo Candida; Bremia species, for example Bremia lactucae; Peronospora species, for example Peronospora pisi or P. brassicae; Phytophthora species, for example Phytophthora infestans; Plasmo- para species, for example Plasmopara viticola; Pseudoperonospora species, for example Pseudoperono- spora humuli or Pseudoperonospora cubensis; Pythium species, for example Pythium ultimum;
  • Phaeosphaeria species for example Phaeosphaeria nodorum
  • Pyrenophora species for example Pyrenophora teres, Pyrenophora tritici repentis
  • Ramularia species for example Ramularia collo-cygni, Ramularia areola
  • Rhynchosporium species for example Rhynchosporium secalis
  • Septoria species for example Septoria apii, Septoria lycopersii
  • Typhula species for example Typhula incarnata
  • Venturia species for example Venturia inaequalis
  • Corticium species for example Corticium graminearum
  • Fusarium species for example Fusarium oxysporum
  • Gaeumannomyces species for example Gaeumannomy- ces graminis
  • Rhizoctonia species such as, for example Rhizoctonia solani
  • Sarocladium diseases caused for example by Sarocladium oryzae Sclerotium diseases caused for example by Sclerotium oryzae
  • Tapesia species for example Tapesia acuformis
  • Thielaviopsis species for example Thielaviopsis basicola
  • Thielaviopsis species for example Thielaviopsis basicola
  • ear and panicle diseases caused, for example, by Alternaria species, for example Alternaria spp.; Aspergillus species, for example Aspergillus flavus; Cladosporium species, for example Cladosporium cladosporioides; Claviceps species, for example Claviceps purpurea; Fusarium species, for example Fusarium culmorum; Gibberella species, for example Gibberella zeae; Monographella species, for example Monographella nivalis; Septoria species, for example Septoria nodorum;
  • Sphacelotheca species for example Sphacelotheca reiliana
  • Tilletia species for example Tilletia caries, T. controversa
  • Urocystis species for example Urocystis oc- culta
  • Ustilago species for example Ustilago nuda, U. nuda tritici
  • Nectria species for example Nectria galli- gena
  • wilt diseases caused, for example, by Monilinia species, for example Monilinia laxa;
  • leaf blister or leaf curl diseases caused, for example, by Exobasidium species, for example Exobasidium vexans;
  • Taphrina species for example Taphrina deformans
  • Botrytis species for example Botrytis cinerea
  • Rhizoctonia species for example Rhizoctonia solani
  • Helminthosporium species for example Helminthosporium solani;
  • Plasmodiophora species for example Plamodiophora brassicae
  • diseases caused by bacterial pathogens for example Xanthomonas species, for example Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae
  • Pseudomonas species for example Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans
  • Er- winia species for example Erwinia amylovora.
  • phytophthora rot (Phytophthora megasperma), brown stem rot (Phialophora gregatd), pythium rot (Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium irreg- ulare, Pythium debaryanum, Pythium myriotylum, Pythium ultimum), rhizoctonia root rot, stem decay, and damping-off (Rhizoctonia solani), sclerotinia stem decay (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), sclerotinia southern blight (Sclerotinia rolfsii), thielaviopsis root rot (Thielaviopsis basicola).
  • the active compound combinations or compositions according to the present invention can be used for curative or protective/preventive control of phytopathogenic fungi.
  • the invention therefore also relates to curative and protective methods for controlling phytopathogenic fungi by the use of active compound combinations or compositions according to the present invention, which are applied to the seed, the plant or plant parts, the fruit or the soil in which the plants grow.
  • plants and plant parts can be treated.
  • plants are meant all plants and plant populations such as desirable and undesirable wild plants, cultivars and plant varieties (whether or not protectable by plant variety or plant breeder's rights).
  • Cultivars and plant varieties can be plants obtained by conventional propagation and breeding methods which can be assisted or supplemented by one or more biotechnological methods such as by use of double haploids, protoplast fusion, random and directed mutagenesis, molecular or genetic markers or by bioengineering and genetic engineering methods.
  • plant parts are meant all above ground and below ground parts and organs of plants such as shoot, leaf, blossom and root, whereby for example leaves, needles, stems, branches, blossoms, fruiting bodies, fruits and seed as well as roots, corms and rhizomes are listed.
  • Crops and vegetative and generative propagating material for example cuttings, corms, rhizomes, runners and seeds also belong to plant parts.
  • the active compound combinations or compositions according to the present invention have favourable home- otherm toxicity and are well tolerated by the environment, are suitable for protecting plants and plant or- gans, for enhancing harvest yields, for improving the quality of the harvested material. They can preferably be used as crop protection compositions. They are active against normally sensitive and resistant species and against all or some stages of development.
  • the active compound combinations according to the present invention are also suitable for protecting seed of any plant variety which is used in agriculture, in greenhouses, in forests or in horticulture and viticulture.
  • Plants which can be treated in accordance with the invention include the following main crop plants: maize, soy bean alfalfa, cotton, sunflower, Brassica oil seeds such as Brassica napus (e.g. canola, rapeseed), Brassica ra- pa, B. juncea (e.g. (field) mustard) and Brassica carinata, Arecaceae sp. (e.g.
  • pome fruits such as apples and pears, but also stone fruits such as apricots, cherries, almonds, plums and peaches, and berry fruits such as strawberries, raspberries, red and black currant and gooseberry), Ribesioidae sp., Juglandaceae sp., Betulaceae sp., Ana- cardiaceae sp., Fagaceae sp., Moraceae sp., Oleaceae sp. (e.g. olive tree), Actinidaceae sp., Lauraceae sp. (e.g. avocado, cinnamon camphor), Musaceae sp. (e.g.
  • Rubiaceae sp. e.g. coffee
  • Theaceae sp. e.g. tea
  • Sterculiceae sp. e.g. lemons, oranges, mandarins and grapefruit
  • Solanaceae sp. e.g. tomatoes, potatoes, peppers, capsicum, aubergines, tobacco
  • Liliaceae sp. Compositae sp. (e.g. lettuce, artichokes and chicory - including root chicory, endive or common chicory), Umbelliferae sp. (e.g.
  • Cucurbitaceae sp. e.g. cucumbers - including gherkins, pumpkins, watermelons, calabashes and melons
  • Alliaceae sp. e.g. leeks and onions
  • Cruciferae sp. e.g. white cabbage, red cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, pak choi, kohlrabi, radishes, horseradish, cress and Chinese cabbage
  • Leguminosae sp. e.g. peanuts, peas, lentils and beans - e.g. common beans and broad beans
  • Che- nopodiaceae sp. e.g.
  • the active compound combinations according to the invention also exhibit a potent strengthening effect in plants. Accordingly, they can be used for mobilizing the defences of the plant against attack by undesirable microorganisms.
  • Plant-strengthening (resistance-inducing) substances are to be understood as meaning, in the present context, those substances which are capable of stimulating the defence system of plants in such a way that the treated plants, when subsequently inoculated with undesirable microorganisms, develop a high degree of resistance to these microorganisms.
  • the active compound combinations according to the invention are suitable for increasing the yield of crops.
  • plant physiology effects comprise the following:
  • Abiotic stress tolerance comprising temperature tolerance, drought tolerance and recovery after drought stress, water use efficiency (correlating to reduced water consumption), flood tolerance, ozone stress and UV tolerance, tolerance towards chemicals like heavy metals, salts, pesticides (safener) etc.
  • Biotic stress tolerance comprising increased fungal resistance and increased resistance against nematodes, viruses and bacteria.
  • biotic stress tolerance preferably comprises increased fungal resistance and increased resistance against nematodes.
  • Increased plant vigor comprising plant health / plant quality and seed vigor, reduced stand failure, im- proved appearance, increased recovery, improved greening effect and improved photosynthetic efficiency.
  • growth regulators comprising earlier germination, better emergence, more developed root system and/or improved root growth, increased ability of tillering, more productive tillers, earlier flowering, increased plant height and/or biomass, shorting of stems, improvements in shoot growth, number of kernels/ear, number of ears/m 2 , number of stolons and/or number of flowers, enhanced harvest index, bigger leaves, less dead basal leaves, improved phyllotaxy, earlier maturation / earlier fruit finish, homogenous riping, increased duration of grain filling, better fruit finish, bigger fruit vegetable size, sprouting resistance and reduced lodging.
  • Increased yield referring to total biomass per hectare, yield per hectare, kernel/fruit weight, seed size and/or hectolitre weight as well as to increased product quality, comprising: improved processability relating to size distribution (kernel, fruit, etc.), homogenous riping, grain moisture, better milling, better vinification, better brewing, increased juice yield, harvestability, digestibility, sedimentation value, falling number, pod stability, storage stability, improved fiber length/strength/uniformity, increase of milk and/or meet quality of silage fed animals, adaption to cooking and frying; further comprising improved marketability relating to improved fruit/grain quality, size distribution (kernel, fruit, etc.), increased storage / shelf-life, firmness / softness, taste (aroma, texture, etc.), grade (size, shape, number of berries, etc.), number of berries/fruits per bunch, crispness, freshness, coverage with wax, frequency of physiological disorders, colour, etc.; further comprising increased desired ingredients such as e.g
  • protein content fatty acids, oil content, oil quality, aminoacid composition, sugar content, acid content (pH), sugar/acid ratio (Brix), polyphenols, starch content, nutritional quality, gluten content/index, energy content, taste, etc.; and further comprising decreased undesired ingredients such as e.g. less mycotoxines, less aflatoxines, ge- osmin level, phenolic aromas, laccase, polyphenol oxidases and peroxidases, nitrate content etc.
  • Sustainable agriculture comprising nutrient use efficiency, especially nitrogen (N)-use efficiency, phosphorus (P)-use efficiency, water use efficiency, improved transpiration, respiration and/or CO2 assimilation rate, better nodulation, improved Ca-metabolism etc.
  • Delayed senescence comprising improvement of plant physiology which is manifested, for example, in a longer grain filling phase, leading to higher yield, a longer duration of green leaf colouration of the plant and thus comprising colour (greening), water content, dryness etc..
  • the specific inventive application of the active compound combination makes it possible to prolong the green leaf area duration, which delays the maturation (senescence) of the plant.
  • the main advantage to the farmer is a longer grain filling phase leading to higher yield.
  • sedimentation value is a measure for protein quality and describes according to Zeleny (Zeleny value) the degree of sedimentation of flour suspended in a lactic acid solution during a standard time interval. This is taken as a measure of the baking quality. Swelling of the gluten fraction of flour in lactic acid solution affects the rate of sedimentation of a flour suspension. Both a higher gluten content and a better gluten quality give rise to slower sedimentation and higher Zeleny test values.
  • the sedimentation value of flour depends on the wheat protein composition and is mostly correlated to the protein content, the wheat hardness, and the volume of pan and hearth loaves. A stronger correlation between loaf volume and Zeleny sedimentation volume compared to SDS sedimentation volume could be due to the protein content influencing both the volume and Zeleny value ( Czech J. Food Sci. Vol. 21, No. 3: 91-96, 2000).
  • the falling number is a measure for the baking quality of cereals, especially of wheat.
  • the falling number test indicates that sprout damage may have occurred. It means that changes to the physical properties of the starch portion of the wheat kernel has already happened.
  • the falling number instrument analyzes viscosity by measuring the resistance of a flour and water paste to a fall- ing plunger. The time (in seconds) for this to happen is known as the falling number.
  • the falling number results are recorded as an index of enzyme activity in a wheat or flour sample and results are expressed in time as seconds.
  • a high falling number for example, above 300 seconds
  • a low falling number indicates substantial enzyme activity and sprout-damaged wheat or flour.
  • more developed root system / “improved root growth” refers to longer root system, deeper root growth, faster root growth, higher root dry/fresh weight, higher root volume, larger root surface area, bigger root diameter, higher root stability, more root branching, higher number of root hairs, and/or more root tips and can be measured by analyzing the root architecture with suitable methodologies and Image analysis programmes (e.g. WinRhizo).
  • crop water use efficiency refers technically to the mass of agriculture produce per unit water consumed and economically to the value of product(s) produced per unit water volume consumed and can e.g. be measured in terms of yield per ha, biomass of the plants, thousand-kernel mass, and the number of ears per m2.
  • nitrogen-use efficiency refers technically to the mass of agriculture produce per unit nitrogen consumed and economically to the value of product(s) produced per unit nitrogen consumed, reflecting uptake and utilization efficiency.
  • Fv/Fm is a parameter widely used to indicate the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (PSII). This parameter is widely considered to be a selective indication of plant photosynthetic performance with healthy samples typically achieving a maximum Fv/Fm value of approx. 0.85. Values lower than this will be observed if a sample has been exposed to some type of biotic or abiotic stress factor which has reduced the capacity for photochemical quenching of energy within PSII.
  • Fv/Fm is presented as a ratio of variable fluorescence (Fv) over the maximum fluorescence value (Fm).
  • the Performance Index is essentially an indicator of sample vitality (see e.g. Advanced Techniques in Soil Microbiology, 2007, 11, 319-341 ; Applied Soil Ecology, 2000, 15, 169-182.)
  • the improvement in greening / improved colour and improved photosynthetic efficiency as well as the delay of senescence can also be assessed by measurement of the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), measurement of the chlorophyll content, e.g. by the pigment extraction method of Ziegler and Ehle, measurement of the photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm ratio), determination of shoot growth and final root and/or canopy biomass, determination of tiller density as well as of root mortality.
  • Pn net photosynthetic rate
  • Fv/Fm ratio photochemical efficiency
  • determination of shoot growth and final root and/or canopy biomass determination of tiller density as well as of root mortality.
  • preference is given to improving plant physiology effects which are selected from the group comprising: enhanced root growth / more developed root system, improved greening, improved water use efficiency (correlating to reduced water consumption), improved nutrient use efficiency, comprising especially improved nitrogen (N)-use efficiency, delayed senescence and enhanced yield.
  • the novel use of the fungicidal compositions of the present invention relates to a combined use of a) preventively and/or curatively controlling pathogenic fungi and/or nematodes, with or without resistance management, and b) at least one of enhanced root growth, improved greening, improved water use efficiency, delayed senescence and enhanced yield. From group b) enhancement of root system, water use efficiency and N-use efficiency is particularly preferred.
  • the active compound combinations or compositions according to the present invention are also suitable for treating seeds.
  • a large part of the damage to crop plants caused by haimful organisms is triggered by the infection of the seed during storage or after sowing, and also during and after germination of the plant. This phase is particularly critical since the roots and shoots of the growing plant are particularly sensitive, and even minor damage may result in the death of the plant. There is therefore a great interest in protecting the seed and the germinating plant by using appropriate compositions.
  • the control of phytopathogenic fungi by treating the seed of plants has been known for a long time and is the subject of constant improvements. However, the treatment of seed entails a series of problems which cannot always be solved in a satisfactory manner.
  • the present invention therefore also relates to a method for protection of seed and germinating plants from attack by phytopathogenic fungi, by treating the seed with an active compound combination or composition according to the present invention.
  • the invention likewise relates to the use of the active compound combinations or compositions according to the present invention for treatment of seed to protect the seed and the ger- minating plant from phytopathogenic fungi.
  • the invention further relates to seed which has been treated with an active compound combination or composition according to the present invention for protection from phytopathogenic fungi.
  • One of the advantages of the present invention is that the particular systemic properties of the active compound combinations or compositions according to the present invention mean that treatment of the seed with said active ingredients and compositions not only protects the seed itself, but also the resulting plants after emergence, from phytopathogenic fungi. In this way, the immediate treatment of the crop at the time of sowing or shortly thereafter can be dispensed with.
  • an active compound combination or composition according to the present invention can especially also be used with transgenic plants and/or seeds, in which case the plant or the plant growing from this seed is capable of expressing a protein which acts against pests.
  • the active compound combinations or compositions according to the present invention merely the expression of the protein, for example an insecticidal protein, can control certain pests.
  • a further synergistic effect can be observed in this case, which additionally increases the effectiveness for protection against attack by pests.
  • the treatment of transgenic plants or seeds with an active compound combination or composition according to the present invention is of particular significance. This relates to the seed of plants containing at least one heterologous gene. Definition and examples of suitable heterologous genes are given below.
  • an active compound combination or composition according to the pre- sent invention is applied to the seed alone or in a suitable formulation.
  • the seed is treated in a state in which it is sufficiently stable for no damage to occur in the course of treatment.
  • the seed can be treated at any time between harvest and sowing. It is customary to use seed which has been separated from the plant and freed from cobs, shells, stalks, coats, hairs or the flesh of the fruits. For example, it is possible to use seed which has been harvested, cleaned and dried down to a moisture content of less than 15 % by weight. Alternatively, it is also possible to use seed which, after drying, for example, has been treated with water and then dried again.
  • the amount of the active compound combination or composition according to the present invention applied to the seed and/or the amount of further additives is selected such that the germination of the seed is not impaired, or that the resulting plant is not damaged.
  • the active compound combinations according to the present invention can be applied directly, i.e. without containing any other components and without having been diluted.
  • suitable formulations and methods for seed treatment are known to those skilled in the art and are described, for example, in the following documents: US 4,272,417, US 4,245,432, US 4,808,430, US 5,876,739, US 2003/0176428 Al, WO 2002/080675, WO 2002/028186.
  • the active ingredients usable in accordance with the invention can be converted to the customary seed dressing formulations, such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams, slurries or other coating compositions for seed, and also ULV formulations.
  • formulations are prepared in a known manner, by mixing the active ingredients with customary additives, for example customary extenders and also solvents or diluents, dyes, wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers, antifoams, preservatives, secondary thickeners, adhesives, gibberellins and also water.
  • customary additives for example customary extenders and also solvents or diluents, dyes, wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers, antifoams, preservatives, secondary thickeners, adhesives, gibberellins and also water.
  • Useful dyes which may be present in the seed dressing formulations usable in accordance with the invention are all dyes which are customary for such purposes. It is possible to use either pigments, which are sparingly soluble in water, or dyes, which are soluble in water. Examples include the dyes known by the names Rhodamine B, C.I. Pigment Red 112 and C.I. Solvent Red 1.
  • Useful wetting agents which may be present in the seed dressing formulations usable in accordance with the invention are all substances which promote wetting and which are conventionally used for the formulation of active agrochemical ingredients. Preference is given to using alkyl naphthalenesulphonates, such as diisopropyl or diisobutyl naphthalenesulphonates.
  • Useiul dispersants and/or emulsifiers which may be present in the seed dressing formulations usable in accordance with the invention are all nonionic, anionic and cationic dispersants conventionally used for the formulation of active agrochemical ingredients. Usable with preference are nonionic or anionic dispersants or mixtures of nonionic or anionic dispersants.
  • Suitable nonionic dispersants include especially ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block polymers, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers and tristryrylphenol polyglycol ether, and the phosphated or sul- phated derivatives thereof.
  • Suitable anionic dispersants are especially lignosulphonates, polyacrylic acid salts and arylsulphonate/formaldehyde condensates.
  • Antifoams which may be present in the seed dressing formulations usable in accordance with the invention are all foam-inhibiting substances conventionally used for the formulation of active agrochemical ingredients. Silicone antifoams and magnesium stearate can be used with preference.
  • Preservatives which may be present in the seed dressing formulations usable in accordance with the invention are all substances usable for such purposes in agrochemical compositions. Examples include dichlorophene and benzyl alcohol hemiformal.
  • Secondary thickeners which may be present in the seed dressing formulations usable in accordance with the invention are all substances usable for such purposes in agrochemical compositions.
  • Preferred examples include cellulose derivatives, acrylic acid derivatives, xanthan, modified clays and finely divided silica.
  • Adhesives which may be present in the seed dressing formulations usable in accordance with the invention are all customary binders usable in seed dressing products.
  • Preferred examples include polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol and tylose.
  • the seed dressing formulations usable in accordance with the invention can be used, either directly or after previously having been diluted with water, for the treatment of a wide range of different seed, including the seed of transgenic plants. In this case, additional synergistic effects may also occur in interaction with the substances formed by expression.
  • all mixing units usable customarily for the seed dressing are useful. Specifically, the procedure in the seed dressing is to place the seed into a mixer, to add the particular desired amount of seed dressing formulations, either as such or after prior dilution with water, and to mix everything until the formulation is distributed homogeneously on the seed. If appropriate, this is followed by a drying pro- cess.
  • the active compound combinations or compositions according to the present invention can also be used in the protection of materials, for protection of industrial materials against attack and destruction by unwanted microorganisms, for example fungi and insects.
  • active compound combinations according to the present invention can be used as antifouling compositions, alone or in combinations with other active ingredients.
  • Industrial materials in the present context are understood to mean inanimate materials which have been prepared for use in industry.
  • industrial materials which are to be protected by active compound combinations or compositions according to the present invention from microbial alteration or destruction may be adhe- sives, glues, paper, wallpaper and board/cardboard, textiles, carpets, leather, wood, fibers and tissues, paints and plastic articles, cooling lubricants and other materials which can be infected with or destroyed by microorganisms.
  • Parts of production plants and buildings for example cooling-water circuits, cooling and heating systems and ventilation and air-conditioning units, which may be impaired by the proliferation of microorganisms may also be mentioned within the scope of the materials to be protected.
  • Industrial materials within the scope of the present invention preferably include adhesives, sizes, paper and card, leather, wood, paints, cooling lubri- cants and heat transfer fluids, more preferably wood.
  • the active compound combinations or compositions according to the present invention may prevent adverse effects, such as rotting, decay, discoloration, decoloration or formation of mould.
  • the active compound combinations according to the invention may also be used against fungal diseases liable to grow on or inside timber.
  • the term "timber" means all types of species of wood, and all types of working of this wood intended for construction, for example solid wood, high-density wood, laminated wood, and plywood.
  • the method for treating timber according to the invention mainly consists in contacting one or more compounds according to the invention or a composition according to the invention; this includes for example direct application, spraying, dipping, injection or any other suitable means.
  • the active compound combinations according to the invention can be used to protect objects which come into contact with saltwater or brackish water, especially hulls, screens, nets, buildings, moorings and signalling systems, from fouling.
  • Storage goods are understood to mean natural substances of vegetable or animal origin or processed products thereof which are of natural origin, and for which long-term protection is desired.
  • Storage goods of vegetable origin for example plants or plant parts, such as stems, leaves, tubers, seeds, fruits, grains, can be protected freshly harvested or after processing by (pre)drying, moistening, comminuting, grinding, pressing or roasting.
  • Storage goods also include timber, both unprocessed, such as construction timber, electricity poles and barriers, or in the form of finished products, such as furniture.
  • Storage goods of ani- mal origin are, for example, hides, leather, furs and hairs.
  • the active compound combinations or compositions according to the present invention may prevent adverse effects, such as rotting, decay, discoloration, decoloration or formation of mould.
  • Microorganisms capable of degrading or altering the industrial materials include, for example, bacteria, fungi, yeasts, algae and slime organisms.
  • the active compound combinations or compositions according to the present invention preferably act against fungi, especially moulds, wood-discoloring and wood-destroying fungi (Asco- mycetes, Basidiomycetes, Deuteromycetes and Zygomycetes), and against slime organisms and algae.
  • Exam- pies include microorganisms of the following genera: Alternaria, such as Alternaria tenuis; Aspergillus, such as Aspergillus niger; Chaetomium, such as Chaetomium globosum; Coniophora, such as Coniophora puetana; Lentinus, such as Lentinus tigrinus; Penicillium, such as Penicillium glaucum; Polyporus, such as Polyporus versicolor, Aureobasidium, such as Aureobasidium pullulans; Sclerophoma, such as Sclerophoma pityophila; Trichoderma, such as Trichoderma viride; Ophiostoma spp., Ceratocystis spp., Humicola spp., Petriella spp., Trichurus spp., Coriolus spp., Gloeophyllum spp., Pleurotus spp.
  • the active compound combinations or compositions according to the present invention also have very good antimycotic activity. They have a very broad antimycotic activity spectrum, especially against dermatophytes and yeasts, moulds and diphasic fungi (for example against Candida species, such as C. albicans, C. glabrata), and Epidermophyton floccosum, Aspergillus species, such as A. niger and A. fumigatus, Trichophyton species, such as T. mentagrophytes, Microsporon species such as M. canis and M. audouinii. The list of these fungi by no means constitutes a restriction of the mycotic spectrum covered, and is merely of illus- trative character.
  • the active compound combinations or compositions according to the present invention can therefore be used both in medical and in non-medical applications.
  • plants and their parts in accordance with the invention.
  • wild plant species and plant cultivars or those obtained by conventional biological breeding methods, such as crossing or protoplast fusion, and also parts thereof, are treated.
  • transgenic plants and plant cultivars obtained by genetic engineering methods if appropriate in combination with conventional methods (Genetically Modified Organisms), and parts thereof are treated.
  • the terms "parts” or “parts of plants” or “plant parts” have been explained above. More preferably, plants of the plant cultivars which are commercially available or are in use are treated in accordance with the invention.
  • Plant cultivars are understood to mean plants which have new properties ("traits”) and have been obtained by conventional breeding, by mutagenesis or by recombinant DNA techniques. They can be cultivars, varieties, bio- or genotypes.
  • the method of treatment according to the invention can be used in the treatment of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), e.g. plants or seeds.
  • GMOs genetically modified organisms
  • Genetically modified plants (or transgenic plants) are plants of which a heterologous gene has been stably integrated into genome.
  • heterologous gene essentially means a gene which is provided or assembled outside the plant and when introduced in the nuclear, chloroplastic or mito- chondrial genome gives the transformed plant new or improved agronomic or other properties by expressing a protein or polypeptide of interest or by downregulating or silencing other gene(s) which are present in the plant (using for example, antisense technology, cosuppression technology, RNA interference - RNAi - technology or microRNA - miRNA - technology).
  • a heterologous gene that is located in the genome is also called a transgene.
  • a transgene that is defined by its particular location in the plant genome is called a transformation or transgenic event.
  • the treatment according to the invention may also result in superadditive ("synergistic") effects.
  • superadditive for example, reduced application rates and/or a widening of the activity spectrum and/or an increase in the activity of the active compounds and compositions which can be used according to the invention, better plant growth, increased tolerance to high or low temperatures, increased tolerance to drought or to water or soil salt content, increased flowering performance, easier harvesting, accelerated maturation, higher harvest yields, bigger fruits, larger plant height, greener leaf color, earlier flowering, higher quality and/or a higher nutritional value of the harvested products, higher sugar concentration within the fruits, better storage stability and/or pro- cessability of the harvested products are possible, which exceed the effects which were actually to be expected.
  • the active compound combinations according to the invention also have a strengthening effect in plants. Accordingly, they are also suitable for mobilizing the defense system of the plant against attack by unwanted microorganisms. This may, if appropriate, be one of the reasons of the enhanced activity of the active compound combinations according to the invention.
  • Plant-strengthening (resistance-inducing) substances are to be understood as meaning, in the present context, those substances or combinations of sub- stances which are capable of stimulating the defense system of plants in such a way that, when subsequently inoculated with unwanted microorganisms, the treated plants display a substantial degree of resistance to these microorganisms.
  • unwanted microorganisms are to be understood as meaning phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria and viruses.
  • the substances according to the invention can be employed for protecting plants against attack by the abovementioned pathogens within a certain period of time after the treatment.
  • the period of time within which protection is effected generally extends from 1 to 10 days, preferably 1 to 7 days, after the treatment of the plants with the active compounds.
  • Plants and plant cultivars which are preferably to be treated according to the invention include all plants which have genetic material which impart particularly advantageous, useful traits to these plants (whether obtained by breeding and/or biotechnological means). Plants and plant cultivars which are also preferably to be treated according to the invention are resistant against one or more biotic stresses, i.e. said plants show a better defense against animal and microbial pests, such as against nematodes, insects, mites, phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria, viruses and/or viroids.
  • nematode or insect resistant plants are for example those mentioned in WO 2012/ 045798 Al and WO 2012/089757 Al.
  • Plants and plant cultivars which may also be treated according to the invention are those plants which are resistant to one or more abiotic stresses.
  • Abiotic stress conditions may include, for example, drought, cold temperature exposure, heat exposure, osmotic stress, flooding, increased soil salinity, increased mineral exposure, ozone exposure, high light exposure, limited availability of nitrogen nutrients, limited availability of phosphorus nutrients, shade avoidance.
  • Plants and plant cultivars which may also be treated according to the invention are those plants characterized by enhanced yield characteristics. Increased yield in said plants can be the result of, for example, improved plant physiology, growth and development, such as water use efficiency, water retention efficiency, improved nitrogen use, enhanced carbon assimilation, improved photosynthesis, increased germi- nation efficiency and accelerated maturation.
  • Yield can furthermore be affected by improved plant architecture (under stress and non-stress conditions), including but not limited to, early flowering, flowering control for hybrid seed production, seedling vigor, plant size, internode number and distance, root growth, seed size, fruit size, pod size, pod or ear number, seed number per pod or ear, seed mass, enhanced seed filling, reduced seed dispersal, reduced pod dehiscence and lodging resistance.
  • Further yield traits include seed composition, such as carbohydrate content, protein content, oil content and composition, nutritional value, reduction in anti-nutritional compounds, improved processability and better storage stability.
  • Plants that may be treated according to the invention are hybrid plants that already express the characteristic of heterosis or hybrid vigor which results in generally higher yield, vigor, health and resistance towards biotic and abiotic stresses). Such plants are typically made by crossing an inbred male-sterile par- ent line (the female parent) with another inbred male-fertile parent line (the male parent). Hybrid seed is typically harvested from the male sterile plants and sold to growers. Male sterile plants can sometimes (e.g. in corn) be produced by detasseling, i.e. the mechanical removal of the male reproductive organs (or males flowers) but, more typically, male sterility is the result of genetic determinants in the plant genome.
  • cytoplas- mic male sterility were for instance described in Brassica species (WO 92/05251, WO 95/09910, WO 98/27806, WO 2005/002324, WO 2006/021972 and US 6,229,072).
  • CMS cytoplas- mic male sterility
  • Male sterile plants can also be obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering.
  • a particularly useful means of obtaining male- sterile plants is described in WO 89/10396 in which, for example, a ribonuclease such as barnase is selectively expressed in the tapetum cells in the stamens. Fertility can then be restored by expression in the ta- petum cells of a ribonuclease inhibitor such as barstar (e.g. WO 91/02069).
  • Plants or plant cultivars obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering which may be treated according to the invention are herbicide-tolerant plants, i.e. plants made tolerant to one or more given herbicides. Such plants can be obtained either by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants containing a mutation imparting such herbicide tolerance.
  • Herbicide-resistant plants are for example glyphosate-tolerant plants, i.e. plants made tolerant to the herbicide glyphosate or salts thereof. Plants can be made tolerant to glyphosate through different means, for example those mentioned in WO 2012/ 045798 Al and WO 2012/089757 Al . Other herbicide resistant plants are for example plants that are made tolerant to herbicides inhibiting the enzyme glutamine synthase, such as bialaphos, phosphinothricin or glufosinate. Such plants can be obtained for example by methods mentioned in WO 2012/ 045798 Al and WO 2012/089757 Al.
  • HPPD hydroxyphenylpyruvatedioxygenase
  • HPPD is an enzyme that catalyze the reaction in which para-hydroxyphenylpyruvate (HPP) is transformed into homogentisate.
  • Plants tolerant to HPPD- inhibitors can be transformed with a gene encoding a naturally-occurring resistant HPPD enzyme, or a gene encoding a mutated or chimeric HPPD enzyme, for example as mentioned in WO 2012/ 045798 Al and WO 2012/089757 Al.
  • Still further herbicide resistant plants are plants that are made tolerant to aceto lactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors.
  • ALS -inhibitors include, for example, sulfonylurea, imidazolinone, triazolopyrimidines, piyimidinyoxy- (thio)benzoates, and/or sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone herbicides.
  • Different mutations in the ALS enzyme also known as acetohydroxyacid synthase, AHAS
  • AHAS acetohydroxyacid synthase
  • Plants or plant cultivars obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering which may also be treated according to the invention are insect-resistant transgenic plants, i.e. plants made re- sistant to attack by certain target insects. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants containing a mutation imparting such insect resistance.
  • insect-resistant transgenic plant in particular relates to the insect-resistant transgenic plants mentioned in WO 2012/ 045798 Al and WO 2012/089757 Al.
  • Plants or plant cultivars obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering) which may also be treated according to the invention are tolerant to abiotic stresses. Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants containing a mutation imparting such stress resistance. Particularly useful stress tolerance plants are those mentioned in WO 2012/ 045798 Al and WO 2012/089757 Al.
  • Plants or plant cultivars obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering which may also be treated according to the invention show altered quantity, quality and/or storage-stability of the harvested product and/or altered properties of specific ingredients of the harvested product such those from transgenic plants mentioned in WO 2012/ 045798 Al and WO 2012/089757 Al.
  • Plants or plant cultivars that can be obtained by plant biotechnology methods such as genetic engineering which may also be treated according to the invention are plants, such as oilseed rape or related Bras- sica plants, with altered oil profile characteristics.
  • Such plants can be obtained by genetic transformation, or by selection of plants contain a mutation imparting such altered oil profile characteristics and include the oilseed rape plants mentioned in WO 2012/ 045798 Al and WO 2012/089757 Al.
  • Particularly useful transgenic plants which may be treated according to the invention are plants containing transformation events, or combination of transformation events, that are the subject of petitions for non- regulated status, in the United States of America, to the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) whether such petitions are granted or are still pending.
  • transgenic plants which may be treated according to the invention are plants containing transformation events, or a combination of transformation events, are those mentioned in WO 2012/ 045798 Al and WO 2012/089757 Al.
  • the present invention relates to a method for achieving one, several or all of the following effects: control of phytopathogenic fungi in or on a plant, control of phytopathogenic fungi in crop protection, improve vitality of the plant and/or improve plant development (in particular improve plant growth, preferably increase the plant growth rate), enhance pigment content and/or enhance photosynthetic activity (preferably increase chlorophyll content, thereby preferably obtaining greener leaves ("greening") and/or larger leaves (particularly bigger leaf blade)), increase biomass, such as higher fresh weight (FW) and/or dry weight (DW), preferably increase plant weight (particularly higher fruit weight (per fruit) or higher grain weight (per grain) and/or higher overall fruit or higher overall grain yield), and/or increase plant height, - increase nutrient content, particularly increase micronutrient content (particularly
  • the application rates can be varied within a relatively wide range, depending on the kind of application.
  • the active compound combination according to the present invention or the composition according to the present invention is applied to seeds or leaves, wherein in the application the amount of the active compound combination on leaves is in the range of from 400 to 3000 g/ha (preferably of from 500 to 2500 g/ha, more preferably of from 600 to 2000 g/ha, and even more preferably of from 700 to 1700 g/ha), and in the treatment of seeds in the range of from 2 to 200 g per 100 kg of seeds, preferably of from 5 to 150 g per 100 kg of seeds, more preferably of from 10 to 100 g per 100 kg of seeds.
  • the active compound combinations according to the present invention or compositions according to the present invention can be used to protect plants from attack by the pathogens mentioned for a certain period of time after treatment.
  • the period for which protection is provided extends generally for 1 to 28 days, preferably for 1 to 14 days, more preferably for 1 to 10 days, most preferably for 1 to 7 days, after the treatment of the plants with the active ingredients, or for up to 200 days after a seed treatment.
  • the plants listed can particularly advantageously be treated in accordance with the invention with the active compound combinations according to the present invention and the compositions according to the present invention.
  • the active compound combinations according to the invention have an activity which exceeds a sim- pie addition of activities.
  • the improved activity of the active compound combinations according to the invention is evident from the examples below.
  • a synergistic effect is present when the activity of the active compound combinations exceeds the total of the activities of the active compounds when applied individually.
  • the expected activity for a given combination of two active compounds can be calculated as follows (cf. Colby, S.R., "Calculating Synergistic and Antagonistic Responses of Herbicide Combinations", Weeds 1967, 15, 20- 22):
  • X is the efficacy when active compound A is applied at an application rate of m ppm (or g/ha)
  • Y is the efficacy when active compound B is applied at an application rate of n ppm (or g/ha)
  • the degree of efficacy is expressed in %. 0 % means an efficacy which corresponds to that of the control.
  • the activity of the combination is superadditive, i.e. a synergistic effect exists.
  • the efficacy which was actually observed must be greater than the value for the expected efficacy (E) calculated from the abovementioned formula.
  • the present invention relates to the use of an active compound combination according to the present invention or a composition according to the present invention to control of phytopathogenic fungi in or on a plant, control of phytopathogenic fungi in crop protection, improve vitality of the plant and/or improve plant development (in particular improve plant growth, preferably increase the plant growth rate), enhance pigment content and/or enhance photosynthetic activity (preferably increase chlorophyll content, thereby preferably obtaining greener leaves ("greening") and/or larger leaves (particularly bigger leaf blade)), increase biomass, such as higher fresh weight (FW) and/or dry weight (DW), preferably increase plant weight (particularly higher fruit weight (per fruit) or higher grain weight (per grain) and/or higher overall fruit or higher overall grain yield), and/or increase plant height, increase nutrient content, particularly increase micronutrient content (particularly of , increase macronutrient content (particularly of N, P and/or K), increase protein content (particularly increase of water soluble proteins), increase vitamin content (particularly of vitamins A, Bi, B2, C and/or E
  • the present invention relates to the use of propineb to increase or improve the uptake of micronutrients (preferably one, two, three or more micronutrients selected from the group consisting of Mn, B, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mo, Se, Al, Co and Ni) and/or macronutrients (preferably one, two, or all macronutrients selected from the group consisting of N, P and ) in a plant or by a plant.
  • micronutrients preferably one, two, three or more micronutrients selected from the group consisting of Mn, B, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mo, Se, Al, Co and Ni
  • macronutrients preferably one, two, or all macronutrients selected from the group consisting of N, P and
  • the present invention relates to the use of an active compound combination according to the present invention or a composition according to the present invention for the foliar treatment of a plant or parts thereof, wherein said plant may be a transgenic plant.
  • the present invention relates to the use of an active compound combination according to the present invention or a composition according to the present invention for treating seed, seed of transgenic plants and transgenic plants.
  • the present invention relates to seed treated with an active compound combination according to the present invention or a composition according to the present invention.
  • the present invention relates to a kit of parts, comprising
  • (B2) one or more salts containing manganese (Mn), optionally further comprising instructions for applying constituents (A) and (B) in a manner to obtain an active compound combination according to the present invention or a composition according to the present invention.
  • propineb was used in the form of a wettable powder having a content of 70% by weight of propineb, referred to as Antracol 70WP.
  • Antracol 70WP is commercially available from Bayer CropScience.
  • T2 Antracol 70WP (1250 g / ha)
  • T3 Manganese (0.2%)
  • T7 Manganese (0.2%) + Boron (0.2%)
  • T8 Antracol 70WP (1250 g / ha) + Mn (0.2%) + B (0.2%)
  • T2 Antracol 70WP 79.00 26.80
  • T3 Manganese (Mn) 76.80 25.25
  • T4 Antracol 70WP + Manganese (Mn) 79.40 27.90
  • T6 Antracol 70WP + Boron (B) 78.50 25.10
  • T7 Manganese (Mn) + Boron (B) 77.10 25.20
  • T8 Antracol 70WP + Mn + B 81.20 27.85
  • T2 Antracol 70 WP 33.20 624.60 0.46
  • T3 Manganese (Mn) 29.25 544.92 0.40
  • T4 Antracol 70 WP + Mn 30.50 571.90 0.42
  • T6 Antracol 70 WP + B 29.90 566.47 0.42
  • T7 Manganese (Mn) + Boron (B) 29.55 555.45 0.41
  • T8 Antracol 70 WP + Mn + B 36.00 673.50 0.50
  • T2 Antracol 70 WP 1.27 0.34 1.14 0.020 0.030
  • T4 Antracol 70 WP + Mn 1.38 0.37 1.18 0.025 0.035
  • T6 Antracol 70 WP + B 1.42 0.41 1.17 0.022 0.040
  • T7 Manganese (Mn) + Boron (B) 1.40 0.40 1.06 0.028 0.044
  • T8 Antracol 70 WP + Mn + B 1.55 0.44 1.28 0.033 0.058
  • T8 (Antracol 70WP + Mn + B) recorded higher percentage of N (1.55 %) followed by T6 (Antracol + B: 1.42 %) and T7 (Mn + B: 1.40 %). Higher percentage of P content of 0.44 recorded in the treatment T8 (Antracol 70WP + Mn + B) next to T6 (Antracol 70WP + B: 0.41) which was on par with T7 (Mn + B: 0.40).
  • T8 (Antracol 70WP + Mn + B) recorded higher percentage of Mn (0.033 %) followed by T7 (Mn + B: 0.028 %) and T4 (Antracol 70WP + Mn: 0.025 %).
  • T8 (Antracol 70WP + Mn + B) recorded higher percentage of B (0.058 %) followed by T7 (Mn + B: 0.044 %) and T6 (Antracol 70WP + B: 0.040 %).
  • T2 Antracol 70WP 25.46 13.76
  • T3 Manganese (Mn) 25.88 12.00
  • T4 Antracol 70WP + Mn 26.69 12.60
  • T6 Antracol 70WP + B 26.69 12.48
  • T7 Manganese (Mn) + Boron (B) 26.52 12.24
  • T8 Antracol 70WP + Mn + B 27.35 14.84
  • Crop Growth Rate (g m "2 d "1 )
  • the crop growth rate was calculated during two stages; 60-90 and 90-120 days after planting (DAP) which was attained statistical significance at both stages of crop growth (Table 6).
  • the foliar spray of Antracol 70WP + Mn + B (T8) treated plants recorded higher growth rate of 27.35 and 14.84 g m "2 d "1 during 60-90 and 90-120 DAP respectively.
  • T8 was on par with the treatment Antracol 70 WP + Boron (T6: 26.69 g m 2 d 1 ) and Antracol 70WP + Manganese (T4: 26.69 g m 2 d 1 ) during 60-90 DAP.
  • Untreated control plants recorded a lower growth rate of 24.29 g m "2 d "1 at 60-90 DAP.
  • T2 Antracol 70 WP 27.15 28.23 5.40 25 232 46.46
  • T4 Antracol 70 WP + Mn 27.32 28.40 5.46 27 242 48.46
  • T6 Antracol 70 WP + B 27.46 28.58 5.47 28 245 49.03
  • T8 Antracol 70 WP + Mn + B 27.85 28.96 5.52 29 251 50.21
  • Antracol 70 WP + Mn + B The higher percent increase of 12.1 percent was recorded Antracol 70 WP + Mn + B followed by Antracol 70 WP + B (8.0) and Antracol 70WP + Mn (9.4) over unsprayed control. Again comparing Antracol treatments, Antracol 70WP + Mn + B recorded 8.2 percent fruit yield increment followed by Antracol 70WP + B (5.6) and Antracol 70WP + Mn (4.3) over unsprayed control.
  • T2 Antracol 70 WP 15.66 82.13
  • T4 Antracol 70 WP + Mn 13.42 84.69
  • T6 Antracol 70 WP + B 15.33 82.51
  • T8 Antracol 70 WP + Mn + B 13.22 84.92
  • TSS Total Soluble Solids
  • Foliar spray of Antracol 70WP combination with Mn and B on tomato plants performed well in terms of growth and development with reduced disease incidence tends to finally fruit yield.
  • - Foliar spray of Antracol 70 WP with Mn and B showed 13.4 percent increased root length than unsprayed control in tomato;

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Hydroponics (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne principalement des combinaisons de principes actifs comprenant (A) du propineb et un composant (B) comprenant (B1) un ou plusieurs sels contenant du bore (B), et (B2) un ou plusieurs sels contenant du manganèse (Mn). Plus spécifiquement, les combinaisons de principes actifs selon l'invention sont utiles pour améliorer la qualité des plantes. La présente invention concerne en outre des procédés et utilisations correspondants des combinaisons de principes actifs selon la présente invention.
EP14766696.0A 2013-09-20 2014-09-15 Combinaisons de principes actifs Withdrawn EP3046416A1 (fr)

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EP14766696.0A EP3046416A1 (fr) 2013-09-20 2014-09-15 Combinaisons de principes actifs
PCT/EP2014/069582 WO2015039983A1 (fr) 2013-09-20 2014-09-15 Combinaisons de principes actifs

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US10464858B2 (en) * 2015-05-13 2019-11-05 World Source Enterprises, Llc Non-aqueous organo liquid delivery systems containing dispersed poly (organic acids) that improve availability of macro and micro-nutrients to plants
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AR116016A1 (es) 2018-08-24 2021-03-25 Flagship Pioneering Innovations Vi Llc Métodos para fabricar paquetes mensajeros vegetales
CN110951746A (zh) * 2019-10-30 2020-04-03 山东大学 MtFRUITFULLc基因在调控豆科植物叶片产量及蛋白含量中的应用
CN111423274A (zh) * 2020-04-16 2020-07-17 宜宾学院 一种提高黑米花青素含量的叶面肥及方法
CN114931079B (zh) * 2022-04-28 2023-07-21 浙江中医药大学 内生真菌p-b313在提高石斛耐低磷胁迫中的应用

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DE1167586B (de) * 1962-02-07 1964-04-09 Bayer Ag Fungizide Mittel
JPS5113680A (ja) * 1974-07-24 1976-02-03 Yoshiaki Kajama Dojokairyozai
DE2558385C3 (de) * 1975-12-23 1980-06-04 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Ertragssteigernde Mittel
JPS60239403A (ja) * 1984-05-15 1985-11-28 Akira Yonezawa 植物活性付与剤
DE19638021A1 (de) * 1996-09-18 1998-03-19 Basf Ag Fungizide Mischung, deren Verwendung und sie enhaltende Mittel
EA200801774A1 (ru) * 2006-02-14 2009-02-27 Басф Се Способ применения микронутриента в качестве сафенера для триазола для борьбы с вредными грибами
TW201139625A (en) * 2010-03-02 2011-11-16 Bayer Cropscience Ag Use of propineb for physiological curative treatment under zinc deficiency
CN101946799A (zh) * 2010-07-27 2011-01-19 江苏剑牌农药化工有限公司 咪鲜胺锰盐与丙森锌组合杀菌剂
WO2012088645A1 (fr) * 2010-12-31 2012-07-05 Bayer Cropscience Ag Procédé d'amélioration de la qualité d'une plante

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CN105764342B (zh) 2021-07-02
CN105764342A (zh) 2016-07-13
PH12016500523A1 (en) 2016-05-16
JP6600633B2 (ja) 2019-10-30
KR102334544B1 (ko) 2021-12-02
CR20160137A (es) 2016-05-30
WO2015039983A1 (fr) 2015-03-26

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