EP3040172B1 - Installation et procédé d'usinage d'un bloc - Google Patents

Installation et procédé d'usinage d'un bloc Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3040172B1
EP3040172B1 EP15198063.8A EP15198063A EP3040172B1 EP 3040172 B1 EP3040172 B1 EP 3040172B1 EP 15198063 A EP15198063 A EP 15198063A EP 3040172 B1 EP3040172 B1 EP 3040172B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
block
cutting
porphyry
processing
station
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EP15198063.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3040172A1 (fr
Inventor
Remo Pisetta
Walter Gilli
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from ITUB2015A003817A external-priority patent/ITUB20153817A1/it
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D7/00—Accessories specially adapted for use with machines or devices of the preceding groups
    • B28D7/04—Accessories specially adapted for use with machines or devices of the preceding groups for supporting or holding work or conveying or discharging work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D7/00—Accessories specially adapted for use with machines or devices of the preceding groups
    • B28D7/005—Devices for the automatic drive or the program control of the machines

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates in general to the processing of an initial block of porphyry, such as a porphyry sheet or slab portion, in order to obtain a processed block, such as a so-called porphyry cube, tile piece or tile.
  • This processed block is normally used in the building sector for paving roads and in general for enriching and embellishing the urban environment.
  • this processed block is referred to as a porphyry cube, it being understood that it may have any form necessary for the intended use.
  • the initial block is a piece of porphyry of any shape with dimensions bigger than those of the processed block.
  • the initial block may be an unprocessed piece or a processing reject in the stone sector.
  • a plant for processing porphyry and according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method according to the preamble of claim 11 are known from Italian patent_ITVI930185.
  • a technical problem forming the basis of the present disclosure consists in the provision of a plant and a method for processing an initial porphyry block, which are able to meet the requirements mentioned above with reference to the prior art and achieve further advantages.
  • the present disclosure is based on the recognition that there exists a need to avoid a system for manually splitting or manually cutting an initial porphyry block since this system has a number of limitations, namely is based on procedures which are entirely - and arbitrarily - controlled by the single operator, with all the associated consequences.
  • a cube with dimensions 10x10 may be managed with a good quality level, but a cube with dimensions 8x8 or 9x9 cannot be produced unless modifications are made to specific machinery.
  • variable thicknesses may today constitute a further obstacle in design processes where it is attempted to achieve very small dimensional variability margins in order to facilitate the cube laying process (for example using adhesive cements or in any case latest generation cement premixes - e.g., Mapestone ® ).
  • Such selection of the thicknesses today can only be performed manually (visually), and in all cases with any additional random checking system, with a large error margin and with increased commercialization costs.
  • a method and an automated plant using industrial methods for managing the processing of initial blocks, such as slabs of porphyry, have therefore been devised with specific attention to the quality and the variability of the products, on the basis of the final demand for the porphyry cube to be obtained.
  • At least one processing step is envisaged where an initial block is scanned by an apparatus configured to acquire information about the dimensions of the block and for detection of the grain and colour of the block.
  • the initial block is gripped by a gripping apparatus configured to place the block of porphyry in a certain position along the processing line.
  • the block is situated along a processing line and a certain position of the block is known.
  • This certain position is necessary for a following step during which the initial block is cut.
  • a member is provided so as to be able to take the block from the certain position and position it in an equally certain position, namely a spatial position, with respective spatial coordinates, which may be determined and/or recognized by a control unit, underneath a shearing or cutting blade, so that the cut is performed according to the design.
  • the choice of the side to be cut and the manner in which the initial block is cut may be performed by means of a calculation and control unit based on the information which is obtained from scanning and also based on the "certain" position of the gripping apparatus.
  • the initial block has a given roughness which must be removed or unsuitable colours which are not useful for the final product.
  • the shape of the initial block it is possible to establish how to obtain the greatest number of cubes with given dimensions.
  • Cutting may be performed in the same cutting station in temporal sequence, namely processing the block in the same cutting station several times, or in sequence in successive cutting stations, or in a combination of these sequences.
  • processing is performed in the same cutting station, it is possible to envisage using an articulated robot able to grip the initial block and rotate it suitably so that the correct side to be cut is positioned underneath the blade.
  • two main processing stages performed in succession in a spatial/temporal sequence, one after the other, each including substantially the same apparatus, namely the scanning apparatus, the gripping apparatus and the one or more cutting stations.
  • the initial block is cut so as to obtain a plurality of porphyry strips.
  • the initial block is analyzed in order to trim off any parts to be eliminated and the initial block then cut into adjacent "slices". If the initial block is a sheet-like part, several sheet-like strips, i.e. narrow and long sheet-like strips, are obtained. These strips may be understood as being intermediate blocks which may be further processed during the second processing step, in order to obtain the aforementioned processed blocks or cubes.
  • the second step or stage it is envisaged analyzing again each sheet-like strip by means of the scanning apparatus in order to evaluate again its form. Then the strip is gripped by the gripping apparatus so as to be positioned in a certain position and be able to be gripped by the articulated robot.
  • a cutting station (for each strip) may be provided downstream of each scanning unit and gripping apparatus. This cutting station may be configured to cut the strip at right angles to its length so as to obtain a plurality of porphyry cubes.
  • At least one processing step is envisaged where an initial block is scanned by an apparatus configured to acquire information about the dimensions of the block and/or for detection of the grain and colour of the block.
  • the initial block is gripped by a gripping apparatus configured to place the block of porphyry in a certain position along the processing line.
  • the block is situated in a predefined processing zone so that a certain position of the block, i.e. the coordinates of the part, are known.
  • the gripping apparatus is a member configured to grip the part or block from above, by means of a sucker or sucking action, and displace it into a well-defined processing zone or region.
  • This certain position is necessary for a following step during which the initial block is cut in a respective first cutting station.
  • a first member able to take the block from the certain position and position it in an equally certain position underneath a cutting or shearing blade, namely spatially defined position, with respective spatial coordinates, which may be determined and/or recognized by a control unit, is provided.
  • the cut may be performed depending on an initial design.
  • the choice of the side to be cut, and the manner in which the initial block is cut may be performed by means of a calculation and control unit on the basis of the information which is obtained from scanning and also on the basis of the "certain" position determined by the gripping apparatus and the aforementioned well-defined gripping zone.
  • the initial block has a given roughness which must be removed or unsuitable colours which are not useful for the final product.
  • the form of the initial block it is possible to establish how to obtain the greatest number of cubes with given dimensions.
  • the plant in order to perform the cut, comprises at least one first manipulator device or member and one second manipulator device or member each provided with a respective pincer body or body having two prongs, for holding the block.
  • the pincer body of the first manipulator device or member is intended to take the block situated downstream of the gripping apparatus from the aforementioned certain position and convey the block underneath the shears or blade of the cutting station.
  • the pincer body of the first manipulator device or member and the pincer body of the second manipulator device or member are also arranged and/or configured to hold the block simultaneously or together underneath the shears of the cutting station. More particularly, the pincer body of the second manipulator device or member grips the block on the opposite side to the pincer body of the first manipulator device or member, relative to the shears, in order to hold a cut part of the block after cutting. The pincer body of the second manipulator device or member may thus prevent the cut part from falling.
  • the first member and the second member each comprise a pincer body or a body having two jaws or two prongs between which the block to be cut is inserted. Consequently, as mentioned above, in accordance with the present disclosure, the second member is configured to take hold of the block cut by the first member when the initial block to be cut is situated underneath the shears of the cutting station. Consequently the cut part is already gripped or held beforehand by the second member, and more particularly between the jaws or prongs of the pincer body of the second member, when the entire block is still held between the jaws or prongs of the pincer body of the first member, and the entire block is situated underneath the shears of the cutting station.
  • the operation therefore consists practically of a "hand to hand” transfer of the part between the pincer body of the first member and the pincer body of the second member.
  • gripping of the cut part is performed in a "flying manner" between the pincer body of the first member and the pincer body of the second member, so that the block is gripped or held simultaneously by the pincer body of the first member and the pincer body of the second member.
  • a further cutting stage or generally stage for processing an initial block is performed directly after the first cut, when the cut part is gripped by the pincer body of the second member or second manipulator device.
  • the plant may therefore include a second cutting station or a second processing - for example smoothing, engraving or other - station.
  • the cutting station it must be understood that it may comprise any known cutting system suitable for the purpose, such as a diamond disk.
  • the second cutting station may therefore be arranged directly downstream of the first cutting station and is intended to receive the part to be processed by the second member described above.
  • the term "directly” in the context of the present disclosure, is understood as meaning that the second cutting station or other processing station is situated directly after, or downstream of, the first cutting station, without any other equipment in between.
  • the part of the initial block which is cut by the first cutting station is also characterized by a given certain position, for example, by the certain position underneath the blade of the first cutting station.
  • the second member is able to position the block in an equally certain position underneath another cutting or shearing blade if the second station is a cutting station, so that a second cut may be performed on the cut part, depending on the design.
  • the second member is configured to position the cut part in another processing station.
  • the initial block may be cut so as to obtain a first strip of porphyry or stone.
  • the initial block is initially analyzed in order to trim off any parts to be eliminated and the initial block then cut into adjacent "slices". If the initial block is a sheet-like part, several sheet-like strips, i.e. a plurality of narrow and long sheet-like strips, are obtained. These strips may be understood as being intermediate blocks which may be further cut along a direction on the short side in the second cutting station, in order to obtain the aforementioned processed blocks or cubes.
  • the second step or stage it is therefore envisaged taking directly from the first cutting station a strip or other cut block which is obtained and positioning it in a certain position underneath the second cutting station or in another processing station.
  • a first cutting station has, associated with it, at least one second cutting station or other processing station (at least one second cutting station uniquely associated with a respective first cutting station).
  • This second cutting station also called secondary cutting station, may be configured to cut the strip at right angles to its length so as to obtain a plurality of porphyry cubes.
  • two second cutting stations or two secondary cutting stations situated adjacent to each other are envisaged, each provided with a respective second member with pincer body and being configured to grip alternately a strip or part obtained in the first cutting station, so that, while a second member associated with a second cutting station is busy gripping a part cut by the first cutting station, another second member associated with the other second station is busy performing further cutting of the cut part or another processing operation.
  • the reference number 10 denotes a plant for processing a porphyry block 11, or "initial block”, so as to obtain a plurality of strips, i.e. so-called “intermediate blocks”, and then porphyry cubes, i.e. so-called “processed blocks”.
  • the initial block 11 is an unprocessed piece obtained from a slab of porphyry and therefore resembling a sheet-like body with an irregular profile. Based on the irregular sheet or plate-like form, the block 11 has two opposite sides of larger area and a plurality of side walls which define the perimetral profile.
  • strip is understood as meaning, in the context of the present disclosure, an intermediate block or sub-piece obtained from a first operation of shearing (or first stage of processing) the block 11, for example along a first cutting direction, and having, for example, the form of a long and narrow strip, as described in the continuation of the present description.
  • the strips are identified by the references F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 and F7 in the attached figures.
  • cube is understood as meaning, in connection with the present disclosure, a further sub-piece (the aforementioned “processed block”) obtained from a second shearing operation (or second processing stage) along a given cutting direction, preferably, for example, orthogonal to the first direction of cutting of the strip and having, for example, a cube or parallelepiped-like form, as described in the continuation of the present description.
  • the plant includes a processing line, indicated generally by the reference number 12, including one or more cutting stations 14, 16, 18, 20, in the example four cutting stations, arranged after a zone 24 for receiving the porphyry block which is loaded onto the processing line 12.
  • a processing line indicated generally by the reference number 12, including one or more cutting stations 14, 16, 18, 20, in the example four cutting stations, arranged after a zone 24 for receiving the porphyry block which is loaded onto the processing line 12.
  • the plant 10 includes a scanning station or apparatus 22 and a gripping apparatus 26.
  • the processing line 12 shown in the figures in schematic form defines a movement path of the block 11, having a direction of movement indicated by respective arrows 15 and extending between an entry zone for the porphyry block 11, in the region of the receiving zone 24, directly upstream of the scanning apparatus 22, and an exit zone for a finished cube, downstream of three of the four cutting stations 16, 18, 20.
  • the movement path in the example, extends from the scanning station 22, passing through the gripping apparatus 26, and a first cutting station 14 which is located downstream of the gripping apparatus 26.
  • the path then branches off, downstream of the first cutting station 14, into the three other cutting stations 16, 18 and 20 which may be configured to operate in parallel with each other.
  • the processing line 12 includes a conventional conveyor 32 and a specific conveyor 32a, or belt conveyor 32a, i.e. provided with single belts, as will be described below.
  • the specific conveyor 32a is arranged downstream of the conventional conveyor, and more particularly downstream of the gripping apparatus 26.
  • the receiving zone generally indicated by the reference number 24 may preferably be associated with storage zones (supply store) where the unprocessed material is loaded onto the processing line 12, more particularly onto the conventional conveyor 32, a washing zone where the material is washed and a layout and alignment apparatus by means of which the porphyry block is positioned and aligned on the transportation line 12.
  • supply store storage zones
  • washing zone where the material is washed
  • layout and alignment apparatus by means of which the porphyry block is positioned and aligned on the transportation line 12.
  • the porphyry block 11 undergoes scanning by the scanning apparatus 22 in order to start definition of a subsequent shearing operation.
  • This scanning operation is a kind of photograph or image recording operation which is carried out for each moving piece or block 11 and involves, for example, a dimensional check of the unprocessed product and, at least, detection of the grain and colour thereof.
  • recording of the image is performed within a three-dimensional volume.
  • each porphyry block or rather each side of each porphyry block 11, is scanned (and therefore a corresponding digital image acquired) in order to acquire information (mainly of an optical or visual type) which may then be processed so as to define possible cutting lines 33 in the successive shearing or cutting stations, with a view to obtaining a greater added value, as will be described below.
  • information mainly of an optical or visual type
  • a viewing or analysis system for managing optimization of a shearing grid for the block 11, with construction of a geometrical model and definition of shearing lines and identification of a certain gripping point.
  • a shearing grid is for example shown in Figures 8B and Figure 9B .
  • a series of sensors may also be provided on the belts 32A in order to check positioning of the part and its movement along the whole of the plant 10.
  • an optical scan is carried out in order to produce a three-dimensional geometrical model of the part and identify the direction of the "grain of the stone" (so as to reduce as far as possible the waste and possibility of breakage of the part).
  • the map for optimum shearing of the part is established and the "certain gripping position" (i.e. the best position for handling the piece with respect to the cut) is defined for subsequent management of shearing.
  • cutting algorithms are used to obtain the maximum added value from the porphyry block depending on an order placed or the value of the material.
  • certain position or the adjective “certain” is understood as meaning that the plant is configured to determine in an automatic and automated manner the arrangement, orientation or spatial position of the block 11 after scanning, so that the spatial position in relation to a given reference point of each part, for example each side, of the block 11, is known, and the block 11, and/or each intermediate block, may be then managed in an automated manner.
  • Figure 2 , Figures 8A-8V and Figures 9A-9T show a block 11 or a strip with which ideal shearing lines 33, 47 are associated, said lines being determined on the basis of the aforementioned evaluations.
  • the part On the basis of the information defined by means of the scanning apparatus and the aforementioned cutting algorithms, the part is positioned/oriented by the gripping apparatus 26 in accordance with the aforementioned correct ("certain") gripping position.
  • the porphyry block 11 is received by means of the gripping apparatus 26 and is positioned with a "certain" position and orientation along the processing line 12, namely on the belt conveyor 32a, so that it is in the most correct (“certain") position possible (and therefore able to be controlled automatically) for the following cutting operation.
  • Figure 2 shows the block 11 which is suitably rotated so that the ideal cutting lines 33 are parallel to the direction of the travel path.
  • the gripping apparatus 26 is a sucker apparatus which picks up the porphyry block 11 by means of suction and releases it after suitable repositioning on the belt conveyor 32a. The latter conveys the porphyry block 11 to the first cutting station 14.
  • the first cutting station includes a manipulator 34 and shears 35.
  • the first cutting station 14 includes an anthropomorphic robot (manipulator 34) which positions the part to be machined underneath the shears 35.
  • the manipulator 34 is a robot of the known type within the technical knowledge of the person skilled in the art and includes an articulated arm 36 and a pincer body 38.
  • the pincer body 38 is, for example, mounted rotatably about its axis relative to the articulated arm 36.
  • the pincer body 38 is configured to take hold of the porphyry block 11.
  • the porphyry block 11 is gripped by a manipulator 34 which performs the sequence of operations for positioning the porphyry block under the shears 35, also of the known type and within the technical knowledge of a person skilled in the art.
  • the manipulator 34 conveys the porphyry block 11 underneath the shears, with a sequence of movements predetermined on the basis of the set cutting parameters.
  • this step it is envisaged introducing specific techniques for managing the shearing operation, such as the "dead blow” (namely a blow, known in the sector, not produced by a constant and progressive force) again in order to reduce the breakages.
  • the aim of this cutting or shearing operation is to produce porphyry base strips F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 and F7 on which to carry out a following final processing step, or in general further processing of the porphyry base strips F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 and F7 which have, as mentioned, a generally narrow and long shape.
  • the "dead blow” for managing the shears it is envisaged using systems for measuring the breakage pressure of the parts and detecting that the parts have been split.
  • the pincer body 38 grips the porphyry block 11 so as to cut it in accordance with parameters determined by the cutting algorithm. It can be seen that the position for gripping by the pincer body 38 defines a gripping side or zone 40 on the porphyry block 11, which in Figures 8A-8D is indicated by a bold line, or in Figures 9A-9C is associated with a rectangle which schematically identifies the pincer body 38.
  • this gripping side or zone 40 it is possible to identify a front side or zone 41, opposite to the gripping side or zone 40, a right-hand side or zone 43 and a left-hand side or zone 44 of the initial block 11.
  • the manipulator 34 grips the porphyry block 11 so that the gripping side or gripping zone 40 is substantially parallel to the ideal cutting lines 33.
  • the manipulator 34 may grip the porphyry block 11 so that the gripping side or zone 40 is substantially orthogonal or transverse to the ideal cutting lines 33.
  • the manipulator 34 may allow cutting of the porphyry block 11 on several sides, before obtaining the single strips.
  • the manipulator 34 raises the porphyry block from the "certain" position on the belt conveyor 32a in order to carry out a first cut, such as for example a cut on a right-hand side, namely on one of the two sides. Then the manipulator 34 may rotate the machined porphyry block through 180° in order to obtain a cut on the left-hand side, namely on the other of the two sides. This cut on the opposite side may be obtained alternatively by means of displacement of the part in a horizontal direction. In practice trimming of both the right-hand side and the left-hand side of the porphyry block 11 may be performed ( Figure 4 ).
  • rotation of the manipulator may be selected to be about all three axes and with any rotational sequence, in order to machine all three perimetral sides or zones of the block 11 or about a single axis, in order to machine a single side, depending on the strips to be obtained. It should also be noted the choice of the gripping position and the subsequent rotation depends on the information acquired during optimization of the part and the definition of the one or more cutting parameters, for the purpose of subsequent cutting.
  • a preferred cutting program is determined.
  • the gripping side or zone 40 may be chosen so as to minimise the interference of the pincer body 38 with the shears.
  • manipulator 34 the scanning station 22 and the gripping apparatus 26 are interfaced with each other and controlled by a control system se as to ensure suitable integration and management of the processing parameters of the cutting station.
  • the system 13 for controlling and managing the manipulator 34 used in this station controls not only the manipulator but also the entire production line and ensures positioning of the part, as well as the conveyor 32 and the belts 32a.
  • belts 32A In connection with the belts 32A, it should be noted that these belts consist of a plurality of longitudinal members arranged alongside each other and defining a plurality of intermediate empty spaces which extend in the direction of the travel path.
  • the belts 32A may be managed by an inverter so as to adjust the speed thereof and manage the corresponding energy savings and are intended to supply the various work stations.
  • Control of the movement of the belts 32A may be managed by a modern computerized system; the system is composed of a series of apparatus (plc, sensors, three-dimensional scanner, etc.). which are managed by dedicated software.
  • the presence of the aforementioned intermediate spaces allows the pincer body 38 to be suitably accommodated and inserted and enables the pincer body 38 to grip and raise the porphyry block or strip after shearing.
  • strips F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 and F7 are transported by the belts 32A to a further scanning station and gripping apparatus situated downstream of the first cutting station and identical to the scanning station 22 and the station 26 described above.
  • a partition (not shown), for example a telescopic partition, which is positioned above the conveyor belt 32a, to avoid the waste being deposited on the conveyor, overloading it.
  • a supply store 45 may be provided downstream of the first cutting station 14 and before said further scanning stations and gripping apparatus.
  • the parts produced by the first shearing operation are loaded into a supply buffer for the second processing stage. It should be noted that such management of the buffer could also be avoided with management of the line speed, with the whole of the travel path acting as a buffer.
  • the supply store may manage the supply of the semi-finished product output by the first shearing stage towards the following processing stage consisting potentially of several shearing stages in parallel.
  • the supply store 45 is an apparatus configured to evaluate the flow of incoming parts and the occupied state of the cutting stations 16, 18, 20 situated downstream.
  • the store 45 is also controlled by the control system 13 which evaluates the necessary configuration and operating parameters.
  • the single strips F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 and F7 are again positioned and aligned on the transportation line 12 in order to be transferred to the following processing steps.
  • this operation may embrace several destination stations, so that the steps for finishing the parts may be performed in parallel and the working loads optimized.
  • optical scanning may be performed so as to produce a three-dimensional geometrical model of the part for each strip.
  • map for optimum shearing of the part may be determined.
  • each strip of porphyry F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 and F7 is positioned in a "certain" gripping position.
  • the strip has a long and narrow shape, and therefore possible cutting lines 47 at right angles to direction of the long side of the strip are defined in order to obtain the desired cubes.
  • the pincer 38 of the manipulator 34 is configured to grip the strip along a long side 43, performing firstly a cut from right to left and then overturning the part through 180° in order to obtain all the cubes.
  • the manipulator 34 raises the porphyry block 11 from the "certain" position on the conveyor 32 in order to carry out a first shearing step, such as shearing on a front side or zone 41, i.e. on the opposite side to the gripping side or zone 40. Then, the manipulator rotates the block 11 through 90° with respect to a vertical axis so as to cut one of the two lateral sides or zones, namely a right-hand side or zone or a left-hand side or zone. Then the manipulator 34 may rotate the processed porphyry block through 180° in order to obtain a cut on the left-hand side, namely on the other of the two sides. This cut on the opposite side may be obtained alternatively by means of displacement of the part in a horizontal direction. In practice trimming of both the right-hand side and the left-hand side of the porphyry block 11 is performed.
  • a first shearing step such as shearing on a front side or zone 41, i.e. on the opposite side to the gripping side or zone
  • the plant 10 ensures moreover a controlled management of the components of the plant by means of a control system.
  • the control system has the characteristics of a high configurational adaptability, selfregulating capacity and flexibility in order to satisfy the optimization requirements, adapting the many parameters for controlling and implementing the operations. It manages planning of the cutting programs, including the instructions for automatically moving the parts, identifying non-optimum situations and/or exceptions, such as material breakage conditions and consequent replanning. Moreover, by means of adjustment of the speed of the transportation line, it is possible to evaluate the option of reducing to a minimum the need to provide buffers for storing the material between the processing stations.
  • the plant includes a processing line indicated generally by a broken line and identified with the reference number 12, said processing line 12 extending from a zone for receiving the porphyry block (not visible in the drawings) and continues as far as a cleaning apparatus 24.
  • a processing line 12 extending from a zone for receiving the porphyry block (not visible in the drawings) and continues as far as a cleaning apparatus 24.
  • porphyry blocks or parts are transported into the cleaning apparatus 24 via a conveyor 32.
  • the plant 10 includes a scanning station or apparatus 22 located downstream of the cleaning apparatus 24, a gripping apparatus 26, at least one first cutting station 14 and, preferably a second cutting station 16 situated directly downstream of the first cutting station 14, or another processing station.
  • the processing line 12 has preferably arranged along it a pair of cutting stations 14, 16 which are situated directly one after another so that, after a first cut performed in the block 11, the strip obtained or other cut part may be immediately cut or in any case processed in the second cutting station 16.
  • processing line 12 shown in the figures in schematic form defines a movement path of the block 11, having a direction of movement indicated by respective arrows 15 and extending between an entry zone for the porphyry block 11, in the region of the cleaning apparatus 24, directly upstream of the scanning apparatus 22, and an exit zone for the finished cube, downstream of the second cutting station 16.
  • the movement path in the example, extends from the scanning station 22, passing through the gripping apparatus 26, and the first cutting station 14 which is located directly downstream of the gripping apparatus 26.
  • the processing line or path then continues downstream of the first cutting station 14 into the second cutting station 16.
  • the receiving zone may preferably be associated with storage zones (supply store) where the unprocessed material is loaded onto the processing line 12, more particularly onto the conventional conveyor 32, with the aforementioned washing zone or apparatus 24 where the material is washed, and with a layout and alignment apparatus by means of which the porphyry block is positioned and aligned on the transportation line 12.
  • supply store storage zones
  • the porphyry block 11 undergoes scanning by the scanning apparatus 22 in order to start definition of a subsequent shearing operation.
  • This scanning operation is a kind of photograph or image recording operation which is carried out for each part or block 11 moving for example on the conveyor belt and involves, for example, a dimensional check of the unprocessed product and , at least, detection of the grain and colour thereof.
  • recording of the image is performed within a three-dimensional volume.
  • each porphyry block or rather each side of each porphyry block 11, is scanned (and therefore a corresponding digital image acquired) so as to acquire information (mainly of an optical or visual type) which may then be processed so as to define possible cutting lines 33 in the successive shearing or cutting stations, with a view to achieving a greater added value, as will be described below.
  • information mainly of an optical or visual type
  • a viewing or analysis system for managing optimization of a shearing grid for the block 11, with construction of a geometrical model and definition of shearing lines and identification of a certain gripping point.
  • a shearing grid is for example shown in Figure 8B and Figure 9B .
  • an optical scan is carried out in order to produce a three-dimensional geometrical model of the part and identify the direction of the "grain of the stone" (so as to limit as far as possible waste and possibility of breakage of the part).
  • the map for optimum shearing of the part is established and the "certain gripping position" (i.e. the best position for handling the part in relation to the cut) is defined and must be associated with the part for subsequent management of shearing.
  • cutting algorithms are used to obtain the maximum added value from the porphyry block depending on an order placed or the value of the material.
  • the expression "certain position” or the adjective “certain” is understood as meaning that the plant is configured to determine in an automatic and automated manner the arrangement, orientation or spatial position of the block 11 after scanning, so that the spatial position with respect to a given reference point of each part, for example each side, of the block 11, is known, and the block 11, and/or each intermediate block, may be then managed in an automated manner.
  • the block 11 is gripped by the gripping apparatus 26 which, by means of the sucker or suction, raises vertically the part and orients it according to the predefined design so as to position it on the support surface 27 in a given stable position and direction.
  • the support surface comprises at least one slot 28 for allowing successive gripping of the part by a pincer body 38, without any risk of displacement thereof.
  • the part is identified and so-called nesting of the part is performed in order to identify both the standard and commissioned product and its best yield or greatest added value (its morphological characteristics).
  • nesting of the part is performed in order to identify both the standard and commissioned product and its best yield or greatest added value (its morphological characteristics).
  • the part is raised and positioned in a certain position with precise coordinates to allow subsequent automated machining.
  • Figure 11 , Figures 8A-8V and Figures 9A-9T show a block 11 or a strip with which ideal shearing lines 33, 47 are associated, said lines being determined on the basis of the aforementioned evaluations.
  • the part is positioned/oriented by the gripping apparatus 26 in accordance with the aforementioned correct ("certain") gripping position.
  • the block of porphyry 11 is received by means of the gripping apparatus 26 and is positioned with a "certain" position and orientation on the support surface 27 so that it is in the most correct certain position possible (and therefore able to be controlled automatically) for the following cutting operation.
  • the block 11 is rotated in a suitable manner and oriented on the support surface 27 so that, once gripped subsequently for cutting, the ideal cutting lines 33 are parallel to the direction of the travel path.
  • the gripping apparatus 26 is as mentioned, a sucker apparatus which picks up the porphyry block 11 by means of suction and releases it after suitable repositioning on the support surface 27.
  • the porphyry block 11 is transferred to the first cutting station 14.
  • the first cutting station 14 includes first shears 35.
  • a first manipulator or first member 34 is associated with the first cutting station 14. More particularly, the first cutting station 14 includes an anthropomorphic robot (manipulator 34) which positions the part to be machined under the shears 35.
  • the manipulator 34 is a robot of the known type within the technical knowledge of the person skilled in the art and includes an articulated arm 36 and a pincer body 38.
  • the pincer body 38 is, for example, mounted rotatably about its axis relative to the articulated arm 36.
  • the pincer body 38 is configured to grip the porphyry block 11.
  • the pincer body is preferably, as shown in the drawings, a body having two jaws or prongs between which the porphyry block 11 to be cut is held.
  • the articulated arm 36 may rotate the part about 6 axes.
  • the porphyry block 11 is gripped by the first manipulator 34 which performs the sequence of operations for positioning the porphyry block under the shears 35, also of the known type and within the technical knowledge of a person skilled in the art.
  • the manipulator 34 conveys the porphyry block 11 under the shears, with a sequence of movements predetermined on the basis of the set cutting parameters. More particularly, during this step it is envisaged introducing specific techniques for managing the shearing operation, such as the "dead blow" (namely a blow, known in the sector, not produced by a constant and progressive force), again in order to reduce breakages.
  • the aim of this first cutting or shearing operation is to produce porphyry base strips F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 and F7 on which to carry out a following final processing step, or in general further processing of the porphyry base strips F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 and F7 which have, as mentioned, a generally narrow and long shape.
  • the "dead blow" for managing the shears it is envisaged using systems for measuring the breakage pressure of the parts and detecting that the parts have been split.
  • the pincer body 38 grips the porphyry block 11 so that it may be cut it in accordance with the parameters determined by the cutting algorithm. It can be seen that the position for gripping by the pincer body 38 defines a gripping side or zone 40 on the porphyry block 11, which in Figures 8A-8D is indicated by a bold line, or in Figures 9A-9C is associated with a rectangle which schematically identifies the pincer body 38.
  • this gripping side or zone 40 it is possible to identify a front side or zone 41, opposite to the gripping side or zone 40, a right-hand side or zone 43 and a left-hand side or zone 44 of the initial block 11.
  • the manipulator 34 grips the porphyry block 11 so that the gripping side or gripping zone 40 is substantially parallel to the ideal cutting lines 33.
  • the manipulator 34 may grip the porphyry block 11 so that the gripping side or zone 40 is substantially orthogonal or transverse to the ideal cutting lines 33.
  • the first manipulator 34 may allow cutting of the porphyry block 11 on several sides, before obtaining the single strips.
  • the first manipulator 34 raises the porphyry block 11 from the "certain" position on the support surface 27 in order to carry out a first shearing step, such as shearing on a right-hand side, namely on one of the two sides. Then, the manipulator 34 may rotate the processed porphyry block through 180° in order to obtain a cut on the left-hand side, namely on the other one of the two sides. This cut on the opposite side may be obtained alternatively by means of displacement of the part in a horizontal direction. In practice trimming of both the right-hand and left-hand side of the porphyry block 11 is performed ( Figure 16 ).
  • the part is rotated through 90° in order to obtain a machining cut for the front side 41 of the block 11 and obtain a first long and narrow strip as required ( Figure 16 and Figure 17 ).
  • rotation of the manipulator may be chosen about all three axes and with any rotational sequence, in order to machine all three perimetral sides or zones of the block 11, or about a single axis, in order to machine a single side, depending on the strips to be obtained. It should also be noted the choice of the gripping position and the subsequent rotation depends on the information acquired during optimization of the part and the definition of one or more cutting parameters, for the purpose of the subsequent cutting operation.
  • the gripping side or zone 40 may also be chosen so as to minimize the interference of the pincer body 38 with the shears.
  • manipulator 34 the scanning station 22 and the gripping apparatus 26 are interfaced with each other and controlled by a control system so as to guarantee suitable integration and management of the processing parameters of the cutting station.
  • the system for controlling and managing the manipulator 34 used in this station controls not only the manipulator but also the entire production line and manages the entire part positioning process.
  • the manipulator 34 raises the porphyry block 11 from the "certain" position on the support surface 32 in order to carry out a first shearing step, such as shearing on a front side or zone 41, i.e. on the opposite side to the gripping side or zone 40. Then, the manipulator rotates the block 11 through 90° with respect to a vertical axis so as to cut one of the two lateral sides or zones, namely a right-hand side or zone or a left-hand side or zone. Thereafter, the manipulator 34 may rotate the processed porphyry block through 180° in order to obtain a cut on the left-hand side, namely on the other of the two sides. This cut on the opposite side may be obtained alternatively by means of displacement of the part in a horizontal direction. In practice trimming of both the right-hand and left-hand side of the porphyry block 11 is performed.
  • a first shearing step such as shearing on a front side or zone 41, i.e. on the opposite side to the gripping side or zone
  • each strip F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 and F7 is processed immediately downstream of the first cutting station 14, by means of the second cutting station 16.
  • a manipulator 34 identical to that of the first cutting station 14 is associated with the second cutting station 16 and is able to grip the strip F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 and F7 output from the first cutting station 14, in reality even before the strip F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 and F7 is cut.
  • the manipulator 34 associated with the second cutting station 16 simultaneously takes hold of the part or block 11 when the latter is underneath the shears 35 of the first cutting station 14 so that, when the strip F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 and F7 is cut, it is already held by the manipulator 34 associated with the second cutting station 16 and it is not necessary to rest it on a further support surface.
  • each strip F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 and F7 is known to the control system and therefore cutting of the strip F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 and F7 may also be programmed so as to obtain a cube or other product.
  • the second cutting station since the position of the strip is known and optical scanning of the initial block has been completed, it is possible to program the second cutting station in accordance with a predetermined three-dimensional geometrical model. Moreover, depending on the model and the production requirements, the map for optimum shearing of the part may be determined.
  • gripping of each porphyry strip F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 and F7 by the manipulator 34 of the second cutting station 14 may be programmed.
  • the strip F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 and F7 has a long and narrow shape, and therefore possible cutting lines 47 at right angles to the direction of the long side of the strip F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 and F7 are defined, in order to obtain the desired cubes.
  • the pincer 38 of the manipulator 34 of the second cutting station is configured to take hold of, directly from the pincer 38 of the manipulator of the first cutting station, the strip along a long side 43, performing firstly a cut from right to left and then overturning the part through 180° in order to obtain all the cubes.
  • the plant 10 ensures moreover controlled management of the components of the plant by means of a control system.
  • the control system has the characteristics of a high configurational adaptability, selfregulating capacity and flexibility in order to satisfy the optimization requirements, adapting the many parameters for controlling and implementing the operations. It manages planning of the cutting programs, including the instructions for automatically moving the parts, identifying non-optimum situations and/or exceptions, such as material breakage conditions and consequent replanning. Moreover, by means of adjustment of the speed of the transportation line, it is possible to evaluate the option of reducing to a minimum the need to provide buffers for storing the material between the processing stations.
  • the present invention has been described hitherto with reference to an embodiment thereof in which a single second cutting station 16 is associated with the first cutting station 14.
  • two second cutting stations 16, 18, may be provided, as shown in Figure 10 , situated directly downstream of the first cutting station 14, for gripping and cutting in an alternating time sequence the strip F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 and F7 output from the first cutting station 14. More particularly, the two second cutting stations 16, 18 are configured to handle in parallel with each other a strip output from the first cutting station 14. For example, the two second cutting stations 16, 18 are configured to process alternately a leading strip output from the first cutting station 14. As a result of this alternate working configuration, it is possible to optimize the times so that, while a second cutting station 16 is cutting a strip, the other station is busy gripping, by means of the associated manipulator 34, a strip output from the first cutting station 14 and vice versa.
  • two first cutting stations 14, 20 are provided, being directly situated downstream of the gripping apparatus 26, for receiving and cutting in an alternating time sequence the block 11 arriving from the scanning station 22. More particularly, the two first cutting stations 14, 20 are configured to process alternately a leading block output from the scanning station 22. As a result of this alternate working configuration it is possible to optimize the working time and spaces occupied by the plant 10 so that, while a first cutting station 14 is cutting a block, the other station is busy receiving the block 11 output from the scanning station 22 and vice versa.
  • Each first cutting station 14, 20 may be associated with two second cutting stations 16, 18 configured, as described above, to cut alternately a strip output from the respective first cutting station 14,. 20.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Installation (10) pour usiner un bloc de porphyre (11) ou de pierre, l'installation comprenant, dans une ligne d'usinage (12), un groupe d'usinage comprenant une station ou appareil de scannage (22) configuré(e) pour acquérir des informations concernant le bloc (11), un appareil de préhension (26), une ou plusieurs stations de coupe (14, 16, 18, 20) ou au moins une station de coupe, et une unité de commande (13) configurée pour coordonner les opérations de la station ou appareil de scannage (22), l'appareil de préhension (26) et les une ou plusieurs stations de coupe (14, 16, 18, 20) afin d'identifier la position certaine du bloc de porphyre (11) et déterminer un ou plusieurs paramètres de coupe sur la base des informations détectées par l'appareil de scannage (22) ; dans laquelle l'installation (10) comprend au moins un dispositif ou élément manipulateur (34) adapté pour prendre le bloc (11) à partir de la position certaine et le positionner sous les cisailles ou la lame des une ou plusieurs stations de coupe (14, 20), et dans laquelle les une ou plusieurs stations de coupe (14, 16, 18, 20) est/sont configurée(s) pour couper le bloc de porphyre à partir de la position certaine et sur la base des un ou plusieurs paramètres de coupe déterminés par l'unité de commande (13), caractérisée en ce que :
    la station ou appareil de scannage (22) est configuré(e) pour détecter le grain et la couleur du bloc (11) ;
    l'appareil de préhension (26) est configuré pour prendre le bloc (11) de dessus par une action d'aspiration et déplacer le bloc de porphyre dans ladite position certaine le long de la ligne d'usinage (12), dans laquelle la position certaine est une position spatiale par rapport à des coordonnées spatiales ;
    dans laquelle ledit appareil de préhension (26) est positionné le long de la ligne d'usinage (12) entre l'appareil de scannage (22) et les une ou plusieurs stations de coupe (14, 16, 18, 20) ; et
    dans laquelle ledit au moins un dispositif ou élément manipulateur (34) est prévu avec un corps à pince (38) respectif ou un corps ayant deux dents, pour retenir le bloc (11), dans laquelle le corps à pince (38) du dispositif ou élément manipulateur (34) est adapté pour prendre le bloc (11) à partir de la position certaine et le positionner sous les cisailles ou lame des une ou plusieurs stations de coupe (14, 20), et
    dans laquelle ledit dispositif ou élément manipulateur (34) est un premier dispositif ou élément manipulateur (34) et l'installation comprend un second dispositif ou élément manipulateur (34) prévu avec un corps à pince (38) respectif ou un corps ayant deux dents, pour retenir le bloc (11), dans laquelle le corps à pince (38) du premier dispositif ou élément manipulateur (34) est adapté pour prendre le bloc (11) de la position certaine et le positionner sous les cisailles ou une lame de la station de coupe (14, 20), dans laquelle le corps à pince (38) du premier dispositif ou élément manipulateur (34) et le corps à pince (38) du second dispositif ou élément manipulateur (34) sont agencés et/ou configurés pour maintenir le bloc (11) conjointement avec ou simultanément sous les cisailles (35) ou la lame de la station de coupe (14, 20), et dans laquelle le corps à pince (38) du second dispositif ou élément manipulateur (34) est adapté pour saisir le bloc sur le côté opposé au corps à pince du premier dispositif ou élément manipulateur (34), par rapport aux cisailles (35), afin de maintenir une partie coupée du bloc (11) après la coupe.
  2. Installation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle ledit groupe d'usinage est un premier groupe d'usinage et dans laquelle l'installation comprend un ou plusieurs seconds groupes d'usinage situés en aval du premier groupe d'usinage le long de la ligne d'usinage (12), dans laquelle les un ou plusieurs seconds groupes d'usinage comprend (comprennent) une autre station ou appareil de scannage (22) ; un autre appareil de préhension (26) configuré pour placer une bande produite par le premier groupe d'usinage dans une position certaine le long de la ligne d'usinage (12), et au moins une autre station de coupe (16, 18, 20), dans laquelle l'appareil de préhension supplémentaire est positionné le long de la ligne d'usinage entre l'appareil de scannage supplémentaire (22) et la une station de coupe supplémentaire; et dans laquelle l'unité de commande (13) est configurée pour coordonner les opérations de la station ou appareil de scannage supplémentaire (22), de l'appareil de préhension supplémentaire (26) et de la une station de coupe supplémentaire (14, 16, 18, 20) et déterminer un ou plusieurs paramètres de coupe supplémentaires sur la base des informations détectées par l'appareil de scannage supplémentaire (22),
    et dans laquelle la station de coupe supplémentaire (14, 16, 18, 20) est configurée pour couper la bande de porphyre sur la base des un ou plusieurs paramètres de coupe supplémentaires déterminés par l'unité de commande (13).
  3. Installation (10) selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle un bloc obtenu en aval de la station de coupe, produit par le premier groupe d'usinage, est une bande de forme longue et étroite et/ou dans laquelle un bloc obtenu en aval de la station de coupe, produit par le second groupe d'usinage est un cube de porphyre ou un article fini ou un bloc usiné.
  4. Installation (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le dispositif manipulateur (34) comprend un bras articulé (36) et dans laquelle le corps à pince (38) est agencé à une extrémité du bras articulé (36) et/ou dans laquelle le dispositif manipulateur (34) est un dispositif configuré pour déplacer le bloc selon une séquence de mouvements et/ou de rotations prédéterminés sur la base des paramètres de coupe établis, de sorte qu'il est possible de couper le bloc de porphyre (11) sur plusieurs côtés ou dans plusieurs zones du bloc de porphyre.
  5. Installation (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant deux premiers éléments configurés pour prendre les blocs de porphyre (11) placés dans une position certaine et les positionner sous les cisailles (35) d'une station de coupe (14, 20) respective.
  6. Installation (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'installation (10) comprend une station d'usinage (16, 18) située en aval de la station de coupe (14, 16) et dans laquelle le second élément manipulateur est configuré pour amener la partie coupée du bloc (11) après la coupe dans la station d'usinage (16, 18) et/ou dans laquelle la station d'usinage (16, 18) est une station de coupe prévue avec des cisailles (35) respectives ou une lame.
  7. Installation selon la revendication 6, comprenant deux seconds éléments manipulateurs ou dispositifs manipulateurs pour chaque station de coupe (14, 20), lesdits deux seconds éléments étant configurés pour saisir, de manière alternée, des parties coupées du bloc (11) de la station de coupe (14, 20).
  8. Installation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'appareil de préhension (26) est adapté pour positionner le bloc (11) sur une surface de support (27) dans ladite position certaine et dans laquelle ladite surface de support (27) a une fente pour recevoir le corps à pince du premier dispositif ou élément manipulateur (34) et permettre la préhension du bloc (11) par le corps à pince (38) du premier dispositif ou élément manipulateur (34).
  9. Installation (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le premier dispositif manipulateur (34) est configuré pour saisir le bloc de porphyre (11) via le corps à pince (38) sur un côté ou zone de préhension (40, 48) et est configuré pour permettre la coupe, avec les cisailles (35), des un ou plusieurs côtés ou zones du bloc (41) différents dudit côté ou zone de préhension (40), tel qu'un côté ou zone avant (41), opposé au côté ou zone de préhension (40), à un côté ou zone droit(e) (43) et/ou à un côté ou zone gauche (44).
  10. Installation selon la revendication 9, dans lequel le manipulateur (34) est configuré pour saisir le bloc de porphyre (11) de sorte que le côté ou zone de préhension (40) s'étend dans une direction sensiblement parallèle, sensiblement orthogonale ou transversale par rapport aux lignes de coupe idéales (33), et/ou dans laquelle le dispositif manipulateur (34) est configuré pour lever le bloc de porphyre (11) de la position certaine déterminée par l'appareil de préhension (26) afin de réaliser une première étape de coupe sur un premier côté ou zone, du bloc de porphyre, et ensuite faire tourner le bloc de porphyre usiné sur un angle de rotation prédéfini et/ou déplacer le bloc au moyen du déplacement dans une direction horizontale, afin d'obtenir le cisaillement sur un autre côté ou zone du bloc et/ou continuer à faire tourner, selon un autre angle de rotation, le bloc de porphyre partiellement usiné, afin d'obtenir le cisaillement et l'usinage d'un autre côté ou zone du bloc et obtenir une pluralité de bandes.
  11. Procédé pour usiner un bloc de porphyre ou de pierre, le procédé comprenant un stade d'usinage comprenant une étape de scannage pour acquérir des informations concernant les dimensions du bloc et déterminer un ou plusieurs paramètres de cisaillement ou de coupe, une étape de préhension et une ou plusieurs étapes de coupe, réalisées après l'étape de préhension, pour couper le bloc de porphyre dans une position certaine et sur la base desdits un ou plusieurs paramètres de cisaillement ; dans lequel le procédé comprend l'utilisation d'un dispositif ou élément manipulateur (34) pour prendre le bloc de la position certaine et le positionner au-dessous d'une lame (35) d'une station de coupe (14, 20),
    caractérisé en ce que :
    l'étape de scannage est prévue pour détecter le grain et la couleur du bloc ;
    ladite étape de préhension fait suite à l'étape de scannage pour saisir le bloc (11) de dessus par une action d'aspiration afin d'identifier une zone de préhension du bloc et ensuite déplacer le bloc de porphyre dans ladite position certaine le long d'une ligne d'usinage (12), dans lequel la position certaine est une position spatiale avec des coordonnées spatiales respectives ;
    dans lequel le dispositif ou élément manipulateur (34) est prévu avec un corps à pince respectif et est adapté pour prendre le bloc de la position certaine et le positionner sous une lame (35) d'une station de coupe (14, 20) et dans lequel le dispositif ou élément manipulateur (34) est un premier dispositif ou élément manipulateur (34) et le procédé comprend l'utilisation d'un second dispositif ou élément manipulateur (34) prévu avec un corps à pince respectif ou un corps ayant deux dents, pour retenir le bloc (11),
    dans lequel le corps à pince du premier dispositif ou élément manipulateur (34) et le corps à pince du second dispositif ou élément manipulateur (34) maintiennent le bloc (11) simultanément ou conjointement sous les cisailles (35) ou la lame de la station de coupe (14, 20),
    et dans lequel le corps à pince du second dispositif ou élément manipulateur (34) saisit le bloc sur le côté opposé au corps à pince du premier dispositif ou élément manipulateur (34) par rapport aux cisailles (35) afin de retenir une partie coupée du bloc (11) après la coupe.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, dans lequel le stade d'usinage est un premier stade d'usinage et le procédé comprend au moins un second stade d'usinage réalisé après le premier stade d'usinage le long de la ligne d'usinage (12), dans lequel le second stade d'usinage est prévu pour usiner un bloc ou bande coupé(e) ou usiné(e) obtenu(e) après les une ou plusieurs étapes de coupe du premier stade d'usinage, dans lequel le second stade d'usinage comprend :
    une étape de scannage pour acquérir des informations concernant la bande et déterminer un ou plusieurs paramètres de cisaillement ou de coupe supplémentaires ;
    une étape de préhension faisant suite à l'étape de scannage afin d'identifier une zone de préhension de la bande et placer la bande de porphyre dans une position certaine le long d'une ligne d'usinage (12) ;
    et une ou plusieurs étapes de coupe (14, 16, 18, 20) réalisées après l'étape de préhension, pour couper la bande dans ladite position certaine et sur la base desdits un ou plusieurs paramètres de cisaillement supplémentaires.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 11 ou 12, comprenant une pluralité de secondes étapes d'usinage qui sont réalisées en parallèle afin d'usiner une pluralité de bandes obtenues au cours du premier stade d'usinage.
  14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 12 ou 13, dans lequel après le premier stade d'usinage, une bande de forme longue et étroite est obtenue et dans lequel pendant le second stade, la bande est coupée le long des lignes de coupe transversales ou orthogonales par rapport à une direction longitudinale de la bande, afin d'obtenir un cube de porphyre ou un article fini ou un bloc usiné.
  15. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 14, dans lequel le dispositif manipulateur (34) comprend un bras articulé (36) qui déplace le bloc selon une séquence de mouvements et/ou de rotations prédéterminés sur la base des paramètres de coupe établis, de sorte qu'il est possible de couper le bloc de porphyre (11) sur plusieurs côtés du bloc de porphyre.
  16. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à, 15, dans lequel le second élément manipulateur est configuré pour amener la partie coupée du bloc (11), après la coupe, dans une autre station de coupe (16, 18) prévue avec des cisailles (35) respectives et/ou dans lequel deux seconds éléments sont prévus et saisissent de manière alternée une partie coupée du bloc (11) après l'étape de coupe dans la station de coupe (14, 16) afin de réaliser l'usinage successif.
EP15198063.8A 2014-12-05 2015-12-04 Installation et procédé d'usinage d'un bloc Active EP3040172B1 (fr)

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ITUB2015A003817A ITUB20153817A1 (it) 2015-09-23 2015-09-23 Apparecchiatura e procedimento di lavorazione di un blocco

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IT202100000497A1 (it) * 2021-01-13 2022-07-13 Gmm S P A Apparato e metodo per movimentare coppie di pezzi lavorati aventi una faccia grezza e una opposta faccia rifinita

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