EP3039338B1 - Verbrennungsofen für pastöse produkte, insbesondere klärschlamm aus reinigungsstationen - Google Patents

Verbrennungsofen für pastöse produkte, insbesondere klärschlamm aus reinigungsstationen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3039338B1
EP3039338B1 EP14786285.8A EP14786285A EP3039338B1 EP 3039338 B1 EP3039338 B1 EP 3039338B1 EP 14786285 A EP14786285 A EP 14786285A EP 3039338 B1 EP3039338 B1 EP 3039338B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
furnace
bed
nozzles
temperature
injection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14786285.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3039338A1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Emmanuel Pardo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Suez International SAS
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Suez International SAS
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Publication of EP3039338A1 publication Critical patent/EP3039338A1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/50—Fluidised bed furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/10—Arrangement of sensing devices
    • F23G2207/101—Arrangement of sensing devices for temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/20—Waste supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/12—Sludge, slurries or mixtures of liquids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an incineration furnace for pasty products, in particular sludge for purification plants, with a bed of fluidized granular material by injecting a gaseous fluid, the furnace being of the kind comprising at least two nozzles injection of pasty products into the bed, fed respectively by a pipe provided with a valve and connected to the discharge of the same pump, and a flue gas discharge duct.
  • the most effective injection is that obtained by pumping directly back into the bed of granular material.
  • the pasty products are then finely distributed in the bed of granular material and the combustion is the most efficient and the most complete.
  • the injection of the product is carried out through a limited number of nozzles inside the bed.
  • this type of injection can cause several problems: on the one hand an injection nozzle can clog without this obstruction is quickly observed, on the other hand, this clogging can cause carbonization of the sludge at the orifice and permanent plugging of the injection nozzle.
  • a first solution consists in cyclically closing each of the injection nozzles of the furnace fed by the same pump: this pump pushes the products into the furnace alternately, thanks to a set of valves, by only one of the nozzles.
  • the pasty products, especially mud, are forced out through this nozzle, which causes its uncorking.
  • This solution has several disadvantages. It requires the installation of automatic guillotine valves that operate frequently and will wear out relatively quickly. In addition, this solution generates a high pressure drop to permanently pass the entire product in a single nozzle, resulting in oversizing of the pump.
  • Another solution is the use of a pump by injection nozzle.
  • the injection is perfectly controlled by setting up a flowmeter on each pump.
  • this solution is expensive because the pumps under pressure are a significant cost.
  • DE 101 56 616 A1 describes an incineration furnace for pasty products, or sludge, with a bed of fluidized granular material by injection of a gaseous fluid, of the kind defined above.
  • WO 2012/066802 A1 discloses another sludge incineration furnace provided with temperature sensors located in different parts of the bed of granular material and used to regulate the temperature in the corresponding parts by acting on the fluidizing air.
  • US 3,515,381A discloses an incinerator comprising a temperature sensor located above the fluidized bed and acting and acting through a regulator on the rate of sludge introduced into the incinerator.
  • the invention aims, in particular, to provide an incineration furnace for controlling the injection of pasty products, and the unclogging of the nozzles, when necessary, for a moderate cost.
  • an incineration furnace of pasty products, in particular sludge of purification plants, with a bed of fluidized granular material by injection of a gaseous fluid, of the kind defined above is characterized in that the furnace comprises at least two temperature sensors arranged above the bed of granular material, each temperature sensor being located in an area associated with at least one injection nozzle, and means sensitive to a temperature difference between the sensors, clean to detect, when the temperature difference exceeds a determined value, the clogging of at least one nozzle.
  • the means sensitive to the temperature difference between the sensors is able to cut off the supply of sludge from the nozzle or the nozzle (s) associated with the temperature sensor indicating a temperature higher than that provided by the other sensor.
  • the sensitive means comprises an automaton adapted to control the cutoff of the pasty product feed, in particular sludge of the, or nozzle (s), associated with the temperature sensor indicating a higher temperature, in at least 10 ° C, to that provided by the other sensor.
  • an automaton adapted to control the cutoff of the pasty product feed, in particular sludge of the, or nozzle (s), associated with the temperature sensor indicating a higher temperature, in at least 10 ° C, to that provided by the other sensor.
  • the bed of granular material can be fictitiously configured in angular sectors, in particular of equal size, and at least one injection nozzle is associated with each angular sector.
  • each temperature sensor is disposed vertically above an injection nozzle, or the median zone of a group of nozzles associated with the sensor.
  • each temperature sensor may be disposed in a portion of the zone associated with each nozzle or group of nozzles.
  • Each temperature sensor may be at a distance of between 0.1 and 2 meters above the bed of granular material, all of these sensors constituting a first series.
  • each temperature sensor of this first series is at a distance of 0.5 meters above the bed of granular material.
  • the oven may include a second set of temperature sensors located above the first set of temperature sensors.
  • Each temperature sensor of the second series can be at a distance of between 1.5 and 8 meters above the bed of granular material.
  • each temperature sensor of the second series is at a distance of about 2 meters above the bed of granular material.
  • the oven may comprise two injection nozzles, diametrically opposed, each nozzle being surmounted by a temperature sensor.
  • the furnace may comprise four injection nozzles, two nozzles being assigned to a first semicircular angular sector surmounted by a first temperature sensor and two other nozzles being assigned to a second semicircular angular sector surmounted by a second temperature sensor.
  • Each injection nozzle may have an inverted V shape, with narrowing of the passage section to the outlet, capable of creating a pressure drop at least equal to the maximum difference in pressure drop between two injection lines. pasty products from the discharge of the same pump.
  • the oven 1 has in its lower part a wind box 2 above which is disposed a sand bed 3.
  • the wind box 2 is connected to the discharge of a fan, not shown, for blowing air at through the bed 3.
  • unrepresented pipes allow the passage of air from the air box to the sand bed 3 to ensure the fluidization of the sand.
  • Above the sand bed is an afterburner zone 4 surmounted by an orifice and a flue outlet pipe 5.
  • Two injection nozzles 6 and 7 located on either side of the sand bed 3, preferably diametrically opposite, allow the injection of sludge to be incinerated in the sand bed 3.
  • the supply of the nozzles 6 and 7 is regulated by the opening and closing of valves 8 and 9 respectively, preferably solenoid valves.
  • the pressurized sludge is supplied via pipes and a pump 10.
  • Temperature sensors in particular thermocouples 11, 12, 13, 14, have been installed above the sand bed, vertically from the nozzles 6 and 7 ( Fig. 1 and 3 ). This configuration makes it possible to detect whether the pasty product is well injected by each nozzle considered.
  • a temperature measurement in the sand bed 3 would make it possible to detect the presence of a global problem, if a sensible variation of temperature were detected, but not to precisely locate the problem.
  • N0 denotes the average altitude of the upper surface of the sand bed 3.
  • n1 located above n0, are arranged two thermocouples 11 and 12, constituting a first series.
  • the thermocouple 11 is disposed vertically of the injection nozzle 6 while the thermocouple 12 is disposed vertically of the injection nozzle 7.
  • the level n1 altitude at which the thermocouples 11 and 12 are located, is located approximately 0.5 m above the level n0 corresponding to the upper surface of the sand bed.
  • thermocouples 13 and 14 are at a level n2 above the level n1.
  • the thermocouple 13 is located vertically of the injection nozzle 6 while the thermocouple 14 is located vertically of the injection nozzle 7.
  • Level n2 is located higher in the post-combustion zone.
  • Level n2 is about 2 m above level n0.
  • thermocouples 15 and 16 are located in the upper part of the afterburner zone 4.
  • thermocouple 17 is located at the level of the evacuation duct 1.
  • the temperature sensors are connected to a PLC A constituting a means sensitive to the temperature difference between the sensors.
  • the measurements from the various thermocouples are processed by the A controller, which is connected to the solenoid valves 8, 9 to control them.
  • the controller A can emit an alarm to indicate the probability of a plugging of one of the two injection nozzles.
  • the lowest temperature indicates the location of the capping.
  • the automaton A controls the closing of the valve 9, so as to direct the entire flow of sludge from the pump 10 common to the two nozzles 5, 6 to the single nozzle 6 blocked, which will quickly cause its unclogging , without compromising in a global manner the flow injected into the furnace.
  • valve 9 At the end of a pre-set time, the valve 9 will be opened again to allow the return to normal operation.
  • thermocouples 11 and 12 indicate a persistence of temperature difference, and therefore clogging after the preset time, a second unclogging cycle is triggered.
  • the second row of thermocouples 13 and 14 makes it possible, in the event of a malfunction, for example of one of the thermocouples of the first row of thermocouples 11, 12, to switch to automatic uncapping regulation using the thermocouples 13 and 14. also to determine a second level of alarm if the first row of thermocouples does not detect a difference in temperature while the second one detects one.
  • the invention allows many possibilities and, in particular, is not limited to the management of two injectors.
  • each of the nozzles comprising at least one thermocouple preferably located vertically above the sand bed.
  • the temperature sensor associated with a sector is preferably located in the middle zone of this sector.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates the case where four nozzles 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b are equally distributed over two opposite semicircular sectors S1 and S2, the sectors S1 and S2 being surmounted by the thermocouples 11 and 12, respectively.
  • thermocouple 11 located vertically of the central zone of the sector S1 detects a temperature drop, and therefore a clogging
  • the valves 9a and 9b supplying the nozzles 7a and 7b of the other sector S2 are temporarily closed while that the valves 8a and 8b supplying the sector S1 are kept open.
  • thermocouples After a first predetermined period of time, if the thermocouples do not indicate that the situation has returned to normal, the valves 8a and 8b are closed alternately to ensure the uncoupling.
  • thermocouples In the case of the four nozzles, however, it is recommended to place four thermocouples strictly above the nozzles or at a 45 ° angle (360/4/2) around the nozzles to control the action of each nozzle.
  • the oven according to the invention also comprises provisions making it possible to minimize the risk of clogging the nozzles.
  • This risk of clogging is mainly due to the fact that a small difference in pressure drop, on one of the injection lines from the discharge of the same pump, causes a decrease in flow in this line. This decrease in flow leads to a slight deposit which increases the pressure drop, which amplifies the decrease in flow, and ultimately leads to clogging.
  • Fig.2 injection nozzles 6, 7 each have an inverted V shape, in particular frustoconical, with narrowing of the passage section to the outlet.
  • Such a nozzle is provided to create a pressure drop at least equal to the maximum difference in pressure drop between the two injection lines from the same pump.
  • the pressure loss created by the nozzles corresponding to 100% of the maximum possible difference in pressure drop between the two injection lines, makes it possible to reduce the relative influence of said pressure drop between lines.
  • This pressure drop, created by the shape of the nozzles, allows to cover almost 100% of the "inhomogeneities" of pressure loss.
  • the oven according to the invention has many advantages. It allows on the one hand to minimize the clogging of one of the injection nozzles and on the other hand to automate the unclogging of the nozzles in the event of clogging and without having to multiply expensive equipment such as pumps. injection or without having to over-size them.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Ofen (1) zur Verbrennung von pastösen Erzeugnissen, oder von Schlämmen, mit Granulatbett, das durch Einspritzen eines gasförmigen Fluids fluidisiert ist, wobei der Ofen mindestens zwei Düsen zum Einspritzen (6, 7) von Erzeugnissen in das Bett umfasst, die jeweils von einer Rohrleitung beschickt werden, die mit einem Ventil (8, 9) versehen ist und mit der Auslassöffnung einer gleichen Pumpe verbunden ist, und eine Leitung zum Ablassen der Verbrennungsgase (5) umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ofen (1) mindestens zwei Temperatursensoren (11, 12) umfasst, die sich oberhalb des Granulatbetts (3) befinden, wobei jeder Temperatursensor (11, 12) sich in einer Zone befindet, die mindestens einer Einspritzdüse (6, 7) zugeordnet ist, und ein gegenüber einem Temperaturunterschied zwischen den Sensoren (11, 12) empfindliches Mittel (A) umfasst, das imstande ist, das Verstopfen mindestens einer Düse zu detektieren, wenn der Temperaturunterschied einen festgelegten Wert überschreitet.
  2. Ofen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das gegenüber einem Temperaturunterschied zwischen den Sensoren empfindliche Mittel (A) imstande ist, die Beschickung mit Schlämmen der Düse oder Düsen zu unterbrechen, die dem Temperatursensor zugeordnet ist bzw. sind, der eine Temperatur anzeigt, die um einen vorab festgelegten Wert höher ist als diejenige, die von dem anderen Sensor geliefert wird.
  3. Ofen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das empfindiche Mittel eine Automatik (A) umfasst, die imstande ist, die Unterbrechung der Beschickung mit pastösen Erzeugnissen, insbesondere mit Schlämmen, der Düse oder Düsen zu steuern, die dem Temperatursensor zugeordnet ist bzw. sind, der eine Temperatur anzeigt, die um mindestens 10 °C höher ist als diejenige, die von dem anderen Sensor geliefert wird.
  4. Ofen nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Granulatbett (3) fiktiv in Winkelsektoren (S1, S2), insbesondere gleicher Größe, ausgebildet ist, wobei mindestens eine Einspritzdüse (6, 7) jedem Sektor (S1, S2) zugeordnet ist.
  5. Ofen nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Temperatursensor vertikal oberhalb einer Einspritzdüse, oder der Mittelzone einer Gruppe von Düsen, die dem Sensor zugeordnet sind, angeordnet ist.
  6. Ofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Temperatursensor in einem Teil der Zone angeordnet ist, die jeder Düse oder Gruppe von Düsen zugeordnet ist.
  7. Ofen nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Temperatursensor (11, 12) einer ersten Reihe sich in einem Abstand zwischen 0,1 und 2 Meter oberhalb des Sandbetts (3) befindet.
  8. Ofen nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Temperatursensor (11, 12) der ersten Reihe sich in einem Abstand von 0,5 Meter oberhalb des Sandbetts (3) befindet.
  9. Ofen nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ofen (1) einen zweite Reihe von Temperatursensoren (13, 14) aufweist, die sich oberhalb der ersten Reihe von Temperatursensoren (11, 12) befinden.
  10. Ofen nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Temperatursensor (13, 14) der zweiten Reihe sich in einem Abstand zwischen 1,5 und 8 Meter oberhalb des Sandbetts (3) befindet.
  11. Ofen nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Temperatursensor (13, 14) der zweiten Reihe sich in einem Abstand von 2 Meter oberhalb des Sandbetts (3) befindet.
  12. Ofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er vier Einspritzdüsen (6a, 6b, 7a, 7b) umfasst, wobei die Düsen (6a, 6b) einem ersten Sektor (S1) zugewiesen sind, der von einem ersten Temperatursensor (11) überragt wird, und wobei die Düsen (7a, 7b) einem zweiten Sektor (S2) zugewiesen sind, der von einem zweiten Temperatursensor (12) überragt wird.
  13. Ofen nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einspritzdüsen (6, 7) jede die Form eines umgekehrten V aufweisen, mit Verjüngung des Durchtrittsquerschnitts zu dem Auslass hin, die in der Lage ist, einen Lastverlust zu erzeugen, der mindestens gleich des maximalen Lastverlustunterschieds zwischen zwei Einspritzleitungen ist.
EP14786285.8A 2013-08-27 2014-08-26 Verbrennungsofen für pastöse produkte, insbesondere klärschlamm aus reinigungsstationen Active EP3039338B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1358199A FR3010175B1 (fr) 2013-08-27 2013-08-27 Four d'incineration de produits pateux, en particulier de boues de stations d'epuration
PCT/IB2014/064060 WO2015028933A1 (fr) 2013-08-27 2014-08-26 Four d'incinération de produits pâteux, en particulier de boues de stations d'épuration

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3039338A1 EP3039338A1 (de) 2016-07-06
EP3039338B1 true EP3039338B1 (de) 2019-10-09

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EP14786285.8A Active EP3039338B1 (de) 2013-08-27 2014-08-26 Verbrennungsofen für pastöse produkte, insbesondere klärschlamm aus reinigungsstationen

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3039338B1 (de)
CN (1) CN105593599B (de)
ES (1) ES2762669T3 (de)
FR (1) FR3010175B1 (de)
PT (1) PT3039338T (de)
WO (1) WO2015028933A1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA201601301B (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107461752A (zh) * 2017-06-29 2017-12-12 俞国豪 一种湿污泥焚烧方法及流化床焚烧炉

Family Cites Families (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1448898A (fr) * 1965-06-16 1966-08-12 Charbonnages De France Procédé perfectionné de traitement thermique de produits partiellement combustibles se présentant ou conditionnés sous la forme de boues et dispositif mettant en oeuvre ledit procédé
DE19714073C2 (de) * 1997-04-04 2003-08-14 Emschergenossenschaft Lippever Wirbelschichtanlage, insbesondere für Schlamm
DE10156616B4 (de) * 2001-11-17 2006-11-02 Rwe Power Ag Verfahren zur Mitverbrennung von mechanisch entwässertem Klärschlamm in einem Wirbelschichtkessel mit stationärer oder schwach expandierter Wirbelschicht
AU2003264364A1 (en) * 2002-09-04 2004-03-29 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Method and apparatus for treating waste
KR100725001B1 (ko) * 2003-06-30 2007-06-04 현대중공업 주식회사 유동층 반응기용 유동화 가스 공급용 노즐
CN2711547Y (zh) * 2004-07-20 2005-07-20 志品（福州）技术工程有限公司 新型一燃室铸铁炉床
CN103238028B (zh) * 2010-11-19 2015-09-23 荏原环境工程有限公司 流化床炉及废弃物的处理方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN105593599B (zh) 2017-10-10
CN105593599A (zh) 2016-05-18
PT3039338T (pt) 2020-01-16
EP3039338A1 (de) 2016-07-06
FR3010175A1 (fr) 2015-03-06
ES2762669T3 (es) 2020-05-25
WO2015028933A1 (fr) 2015-03-05
ZA201601301B (en) 2017-05-31
FR3010175B1 (fr) 2015-09-11

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