EP3039179B1 - Wet treatment devices, in particular dyeing centrifuges, and a method for operating such a dyeing centrifuge - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a wet treatment apparatus, in particular a dyeing centrifuge, for the wet treatment of textile presentations of all kinds, in particular for dyeing and decolorizing the textile coverings with a fluid treatment agent, the so-called fleet, according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for operating such according to claim 18th

From the prior art, various wet treatment devices for dyeing textiles with liquor are known. The textile presentations include flake and other embodiments, such as fabrics, knits, woven fabrics, threads, yarns and twine.

Thus, there are wet treatment devices, which consist essentially of a vessel-like container and a cylinder drum standing upright therein. The cylinder drum has a drum bottom at the bottom, a drum opening at the top and a drum-shaped perforated sieve casing. The diameter of the drum shell is slightly smaller than the clear width of the container. Within the cylinder drum, a sieve-like perforated core cylinder is also used, whose diameter is considerably smaller than that of the drum shell. By doing Space between the core cylinder and the drum shell is introduced into a rammed pulp (flake) which has a density of about 300 to 400 grams of dyed material per liter of filling space. With a drum lid, the cylinder drum is closed before dyeing.

A pump arranged on the container bottom drives a liquor introduced into the container into the core cylinder. Subsequently, the fleet flows largely horizontally through the wall of the core cylinder, the Därbegut and the drum shell. Then it flows down between the drum shell and a container wall. At the bottom of the housing is the pump, which promotes the fleet again in the core cylinder. The result is a pump-based circulation of the fleet. To remove excess colorant, the dyed fabric is then treated by rinsing and drying, partly in separate devices. This is expensive. Another disadvantage is the solidification of the textile fibers, which must be solved again consuming.

DE 198 00 735 A1 describes a centrifuge type apparatus for wet treating textile material in a double-walled treatment drum. The treatment drum is closed with a hinged lid in the central area. In the jacket of the treatment drum at least one outlet opening is provided. With a feed pump, a liquor is introduced from above into the center of the treatment drum. By rotation of the treatment drum about an axis of rotation, the liquor is accelerated to the outside and penetrates after penetration of the textile fibers through the outlet opening of the treatment drum. The drum is disposed within a housing that catches and collects the exiting liquor before it is pumped back into the treatment drum by the pump. In order to be able to introduce the liquor uniformly over the entire height, a core drum not loaded with textile fibers is arranged in the center of the treatment drum and has a sieve-shaped core jacket. The core drum is made by DE 198 00 735 A1 referred to as fleet distributor.

A disadvantage of these devices is that they are relatively expensive, the assembly requires a lot of work, the process times are long and the energy to be expended is high. Another disadvantage of the above-described known devices is that a lot of liquor per Därbgutmenge is needed. Their warming needs a lot of energy. In addition, the pump can be blocked by discharged textile fibers. After a dyeing process, the flake can also be contaminated with remaining fibers of the old flake in the pump system in a further dyeing process. Another disadvantage is the poor coloration of various fibers, which can not be compensated by long process times with Flottenumwälzung.

Out FR 1 164 672 A a wet processing apparatus is known in which a drum is mounted rotatably in a drum housing. In the wall of the drum are outlet openings from which the fleet exits during rotation and flows between the drum and the drum housing to the bottom of the drum housing. Near the bottom of a passage opening in the drum bottom of the drum is formed. In this sits a conveyor screw that rotates with the drum. By immersing this conveyor screw in the collection area of the fleet at the bottom of the drum housing, liquor is conveyed upwards into the drum and thrown out from here again outward to the drum wall.

Furthermore, it is off GB 581 391 A an embodiment of a wet treatment device known having blades at the bottom of the drum. With these blades, liquor collected below the drum is conveyed back up through the drum bottom.

The invention has for its object to provide a wet treatment device for dyeing textile presentations of all kinds, which does not have the disadvantages described above. The device should be considerably simplified, the amount of work, the necessary amount of liquor and the energy required for a treatment process can be reduced. Finally, the cleaning effort and the risk of pump failure is to be reduced by discharged textile fibers. Even a simple, safe and reliable process operation with good coloration is sought.

Main features of the invention are indicated in the characterizing part of claim 1 and in claim 18. Embodiments are the subject of claims 2 to 17.

The invention relates to a wet treatment device for the wet treatment of textile garnishes, these include in particular flake and other embodiments, such as fabrics, knits, woven fabrics, threads, yarns and twines, in particular for dyeing and decolorizing the textile garnishes with a fleet. For this purpose, the wet treatment device has a treatment drum, which is driven by a rotary drive in a rotational direction about a (geodetic) vertical axis of rotation, wherein the treatment drum (at least in operation) closed drum bottom, an upper-side drum opening and a circumferential axis relative to the axis of rotation arranged drum shell with at least having a first outlet opening. Here, the wet treatment device according to the invention is characterized in that the first outlet opening in a rotationally fixed return line device opens, wherein the return line means comprises a radially surrounding the treatment drum annular channel which is open in the direction of the first outlet opening, ie on the inside. In addition, the return line device has an outflow opening, which is positioned above the drum base and closer to the axis of rotation than the first outlet opening.

An advantage of such a design is that the necessary (electrical) energy for driving and heating the fleet are low and a short process time is achieved. This is achieved, inter alia, that, according to the invention, a permanent circulation of the liquor can be effected without an additional pump. The outward speed of the liquor is namely deflected by means of the return line device in the direction of the axis of rotation. The embodiment of the invention therefore explicitly provides that the return line device is designed to be pumpless. In other words, the return of the liquor via the return line device is effected (exclusively) by the rotation of the treatment drum, preferably in that the return line device guides the liquor through the drum opening back into the treatment drum.

Furthermore, according to the invention, the amount of necessary liquor is low, because the return line device binds only a small amount of liquor. Namely, there are no collecting tanks and pumping circuits to provide the circulation circuit necessary. This means that 50% of the fleet can be saved, which also reduces the energy used to warm the fleet by 50%. This makes ecological and economic sense. Also advantageous is a generated liquor accumulation in the radial direction on the drum shell, which prevents compression of the textile fibers.

In addition, the wet treatment device is due to the centrifuge-like design also suitable for rinsing and dewatering by spinning the textile coverings, so that steps can be summarized. Accordingly, the total treatment time of the fibers is low. By spinning the liquor can be discharged before rinsing, whereby only a little rinse water or rinsing baths are required. As liquor so all fluid treatment agents are suitable, such as coloring, dye-removing and rinsing liquids such as water.

Thus, the annular channel is formed open in any rotational position of the treatment drum with respect to the outlet opening, the opening of the annular channel should be formed on the inside, that is in the direction of the drum shell, as a circumferential slot. However, this can be interrupted at a transition of the annular channel in a riser section.

Another advantage is achieved by a compact formable outer housing, whereby less operating surface is necessary. At the same time a high thermal insulation can be achieved with such a housing. Thus, it comes only to low heat losses and the air conditioning of the surrounding personal work space is less problematic.

The device according to the invention can be designed, for example, in practice for a batch size of 50-120 kg of textile fibers. Such a device would then operate at a speed range of about 0-1400 rpm of the treatment drum. With such a size, the flow channel diameter of the annular channel can then be approximately 5 cm.

So that a maximum of liquor can be guided back into the center of the treatment drum by means of the return line device, the treatment drum can be designed sealingly to the annular channel. However, this generates friction and thus unwanted energy losses. Another problem in this context is the imbalance of the treatment drum. The annular channel therefore preferably comprises the treatment drum without contact, in particular with a minimum gap. For this purpose, it is necessary in each case for the annular channel to have a circular inner diameter and the treatment drum to have a circular outer diameter in the region of the annular channel (in each case relative to the axis of rotation). In addition, it is necessary that the central axis of the treatment drum is arranged coaxially to the axis of rotation and also the central axis of the annular channel has this coaxiality. In practice, due to the drum imbalance usually minimum gaps of 10 mm to 20 mm are necessary. This is not critical, because the fleet rotates due to their speed at the outer radius of the annular channel (the channel bottom), so that only small losses occur through the annular gap, for example by spraying and foaming. The annular channel is therefore not completely filled with liquor during operation.

Through the minimum gap, therefore, a small amount of liquor escapes from the circulation circuit. However, it is often necessary anyway to adjust certain ingredients of the liquor during the dyeing process and to replenish them. Analyzes can be carried out on the leaked fleet and the fleet enriched or recycled. A pump required for this purpose can be made relatively small due to the small flow rate. The minimum gap and annular channel are preferably designed such that a maximum of 10%, preferably 5% to 10%, of the liquor escape from the circulation through the latter. This achieves high energy efficiency, including the energy used per treated textile quantity.

According to a more specific embodiment of the invention, at least one second outlet opening is formed in the drum shell, each outlet opening opening into the annular channel of the return line device. About the number of outlet openings, the outflowing amount of liquor can be specified. The more outlet openings are distributed over the circumference of the drum shell, the higher the outflowing amount. At the same time, the annular channel can be formed with a relatively compact cross section, preferably largely round to U-shaped inner diameter, when the outlet openings are arranged at the same height of the drum shell. To achieve a uniform coloration, the outlet openings should be evenly distributed over the circumference of the drum shell.

A further development of the invention provides that each outlet opening is designed as a nozzle, wherein the outflow direction of the nozzle has an angle of incidence in the direction of rotation. This accelerates the liquor through the nozzle in the direction of rotation. The kinetic energy of the fleet present in the annular channel can then be used to overcome a height difference.

In a specific continuation of the invention, the angle of attack is between 40 ° and 50 °, preferably between 42 ° and 48 ° and particularly preferably 45 °, in particular relative to the running direction of the nozzle along the circular path. A nozzle can be formed by inserting a tube into a hole in the drum shell. Such a tube is in practice, for example, 10 mm long. The cross section is preferably tapered. This reduces foaming of the fleet.

Furthermore, in a further development of the invention, the return line device comprises a riser section which bridges a height difference in the longitudinal direction of the axis of rotation between the annular channel and the drum opening and leads beyond the drum opening. With such a riser section, it is now possible to guide the fleet again from above through the drum opening back into the center of the drum. The riser section preferably discharges at the top out of the annular channel. Then the diameter is especially small. The housing can be correspondingly compact. The transition from the annular channel to the riser section may be formed as a ramp or as a tubular interruption piece of the annular channel. An interruption should be as small as possible to avoid loss of liquor, in particular this affects the closed area in the direction of the outlet opening. Alternatively, a radial opening is possible, then preferably by a spirally widening outer radius or bottom of the annular channel. In principle, the riser section can be guided out of the housing, eg via a housing cover. Preferably, however, lies the entire return line device within the housing, making this uncomplicated be designed as a pressure vessel.

According to a particular variant of the invention, the riser section winds from the direction of the annular channel in the direction of the outflow opening (the return line device) in the direction of rotation about the axis of rotation. Thus, the kinetic energy of the rotating fleet can be efficiently converted into potential energy, in other words, the fleet rises up the riser section.

The flow cross section of the riser section is preferably between 90% and 110% of the flow cross section of the annular channel. Thus, the flow resistance in the riser section substantially corresponds to that of the annular channel and the increase of the fleet in the riser section is hardly hindered. Particularly good climbing performance is achieved in practice with a maximum slope of the riser section of 10% to 20%, preferably 12% to 18% and particularly preferably 14% to 16%.

To further improve the flow rate through the return line device, a further embodiment is particularly suitable in which the flow cross-section tapers behind the riser section in the direction of the outflow opening, preferably by 45% to 55% and particularly preferably by 47% to 53%. Here, the line then fills completely in operation and it can be achieved a suction effect.

Furthermore, according to another specific embodiment, the return line device comprises a winding section, which winds around the axis of rotation and approaches from the direction of the annular channel in the direction of the outflow opening (the return line device) and in the direction of rotation of the axis of rotation. Thus, the flowing liquor is deflected towards the center of the treatment drum.

According to a further optional embodiment, the return line device has a drop section, which adjoins the outflow opening (the return line device) and drops vertically, in particular preferably is aligned substantially in the longitudinal direction of the rotation axis. Such a case section is suitable for accurately returning the fleet. In addition, a suction effect can be generated, whereby the overcoming of the height difference and thus the flow rate of the fleet can be improved. For this purpose, the outflow opening should ideally be arranged at the level of the outlet opening or below it, that is to say the trap section protrudes through the drum opening into the treatment drum for this purpose. The suction effect is optimally usable when the fall section at least partially vertically aligned, particularly preferably in the region of the outlet opening.

Preferably, the return line device thus comprises a riser section, which adjoins the ring channel on the input side and on the output side to a winding section. In turn, a fall section connects to the turn section. The sections may overlap each other. For example, the riser section may simultaneously be formed as a turn section and / or the turn section may already fall off and be part of the fall section.

Furthermore, an embodiment of the invention provides that each outlet opening is arranged in the upper third, preferably in the upper fifth, and more preferably in the upper tenth or at the upper end of the drum shell, namely closer to the drum opening than the drum bottom. Accordingly, the height difference to be overcome by the return line means is small, because the part of the height from the drum base to the outlet opening is bridged by the centrifugal force and the liquor accumulating on the inside of the drum shell.

A variant of the invention is supplemented by a core drum which is arranged coaxially with the axis of rotation aligned in the treatment drum, wherein the core drum has an upper-side core drum opening and a sieve-shaped core drum shell and extends to the drum base. Such a core drum may also be referred to as a distributor for the fleet. The fleet can pass unimpeded to the bottom of the drum and is thrown by the rotation of the core drum (this is rotatably connected to the treatment drum) to the core drum shell. As a result, it is distributed over the height of the core drum shell and can be relatively evenly distributed in height (if the centrifugal forces are significantly greater than the gravitational acceleration) through which sieve holes are introduced into the textile coverings. In order for these textile presentations between the core drum and the drum shell can be introduced, the diameter of the core drum shell (significantly) should be smaller than the diameter of the drum shell, in particular at least by a factor of 3. Another advantage can be achieved if either a fine mesh additional screen is used or the Siebmaschen the core cylinder are formed finely. For then, extraneous fibers are retained which have remained in the device somewhere in previous production cycles. The quality of the treated fibers remains high.

The core drum may be formed, for example, as a cylinder mounted on the drum base of the treatment drum made of screen plate. However, this is not absolutely necessary, but a rotationally fixed arrangement of the core drum during operation is sufficient. Thus, changeable, different core drums for different fleets and / or textile presentations and / or batches can be used. In addition, the core drum can be part of an insert for receiving the textile presentations. Such an insert is in any case preferably used rotationally fixed relative to the treatment drum.

In order for the liquor flowing via the return line device to enter the core drum, a further refinement of the invention provides that the outflow opening of the return line device is arranged closer to the axis of rotation than the core drum jacket.

Furthermore, an optional supplement to the invention is that the return line device has a heating section. The liquor is often to temper, which succeeds with such a heating section in the non-rotating region of the wet treatment device. This is straightforward and inexpensive.

A special variant provides that the heating section has a heating channel for the passage of a fluid heating medium which adjoins a channel for the passage of the liquor (the return line device). By means of such a channel, heated liquid or gas can then be passed as the heating medium, which liquid can transfer the thermal energy to the liquor. Due to low temperature differences in such heat exchangers chemical changes in the fleet, for example by partial boiling, or deposits of the liquor are prevented.

Preferably, the annular channel is in this case arranged adjacent to the heating channel. For this purpose, the heating channel may comprise the treatment drum radially annular. At the same time, the annular channel can be arranged at least partially within the heating channel. Only the outlet openings opposite the inlet opening of the annular channel must remain free.

Furthermore, the drum shell (the treatment drum) is set in a further development of the invention, a spaced sieve wall, for example at a distance of 2 cm. Thus, the fleet can flow through the textile presentations horizontally and then free vertically einschicht along the drum shell. This results in a uniform treatment, for example, uniform coloring, the textile presentations. The superior sieve wall does not have to be firmly connected to the treatment drum. Rather, it can also be part of an insert for receiving the textile presentations.

In addition, according to a further development, the wet treatment device is supplemented in that the treatment drum and the return line device are arranged within a housing which collects exiting liquor. This is particularly useful when the annular channel is formed without contact to the drum shell, because then a part of the fleet passes through the gap to the outside. In addition, the housing of the work safety. For further use of the collected liquor, a pump is preferably provided for returning the liquor collected from the housing into the treatment drum. The collected fleet can also be prepared, supplemented or replaced.

The housing is preferably formed as a thermal insulation. Accordingly, little thermal energy escapes and the efficiency of the wet treatment is high. Furthermore, the housing is preferably designed as a pressure vessel. For this purpose, the pressure vessel should withstand an (operating) internal pressure in the pressure chamber of at least 1.5 bar, preferably 3 bar. Thus, the fleet can be heated above its atmospheric boiling point and remains liquid. Thus, the wet treatment device is suitable for high temperatures.

In another version of the invention, the drum opening is closed with a drum lid, in particular in the sealing zone fluid-tight, i. There is then a radially encircling seal along the drum shell. This prevents fleet at high rotational speeds flow out through the drum opening or can slosh over the edge of the jacket. For the return line device, the drum cover preferably has a central opening, that is to say one arranged in the region of the axis of rotation. In order for the drum lid to be removable, the portion of the return conduit means above the drum opening should be mobile, that is either removable / removable or flexible.

To improve the efficiency of the wet treatment, there is the option that the rotary drive has a generator operation with which power can be generated when the speed of the treatment drum is reduced. This can be dispensed with mechanical brakes or unproductive times are shortened by Ausrotieren.

According to a further embodiment, the return line device has an openable outlet opening radially outside the treatment drum. Through this, the fleet at Be discharged at the end of a treatment. In this case, a flap or a valve may be arranged in the outlet opening. In addition, a supplement is suitable such that one of the further line sections, namely the climb, wind or fall section, has a closure element. Then the fleet empties faster. Preferably, the closure element is designed such that it blocks the outlet opening in a first position and the riser in a second position.

The invention also relates to a method for operating a wet treatment device as described above, in which a textile presentation and liquor are introduced into the treatment drum and the treatment drum is rotated in the direction of rotation, the liquor being accelerated by a resulting centrifugal force from the center of the treatment drum towards the drum shell is, flows through the first outlet opening in the annular channel of the return line means and at least partially, preferably at least 85% of the return line means without drive (ie without additional pump) via the outflow opening of the return line means again closer to the axis of rotation is returned to the treatment drum.

With this method, little (electrical) energy for driving and heating the fleet and a short process time can be achieved. The other advantages, as described in the wet treatment device, are feasible. The rotational speed is preferably selected between 10 rpm and 1400 rpm in operation, in particular about 220 rpm are very well suited for dyeing and about 600 rpm to 1400 rpm for spinning and rinsing. By spinning up to 70% flushing water can be saved. In addition, the fiber consolidation is low.

Fig. 1

einen vertikalen Schnitt durch eine skizzierte Nassbehandlungsvorrichtung;

Fig. 2

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Nassbehandlungsvorrichtung;

Fig. 3

einen vertikalen Schnitt durch eine Nassbehandlungsvorrichtung;

Fig. 4

eine Draufsicht von oben auf eine Nassbehandlungsvorrichtung;

Fig. 5

einen horizontalen Schnitt durch eine Nassbehandlungsvorrichtung in der Ebene der Austrittsöffnungen;

Fig. 6

einen Teilausschnitt eines vertikalen Schnitts durch eine Nassbehandlungsvorrichtung, darstellend den Ringkanal mit Heizvorrichtung und das angrenzende obere Ende des Trommelmantels; und

Fig. 7

eine Draufsicht auf eine schematisch skizzierte Rückführleitungseinrichtung.

Further features, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the wording of the claims and from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

a vertical section through a sketched wet treatment device;

Fig. 2

a perspective view of a wet treatment device;

Fig. 3

a vertical section through a wet treatment device;

Fig. 4

a top view of a wet treatment device;

Fig. 5

a horizontal section through a wet treatment device in the plane of the outlet openings;

Fig. 6

a partial section of a vertical section through a wet treatment device, illustrating the annular channel with heater and the adjacent upper end of the drum shell; and

Fig. 7

a plan view of a schematically sketched return line device.

Fig. 1 shows a vertical section through a sketched wet treatment device 1 for wet treatment of textile coverings T, in particular for dyeing and decolorizing the textile coverings T with a fleet M, for example, with coloring or dyeing liquor and rinsing baths. Suitable is the wet processing apparatus 1 for flake and other embodiments, such as fabrics, knits, woven fabrics, threads, yarns and twine. Many of the features according to Fig. 1 are also in the Fig. 2 to 7 recognizable.

In the presentation of Fig. 1 one recognizes the outside a drum-like housing 70, which is rotationally fixed. This acts as a protective device and thermal insulation. The latter in particular by its design as a pressure vessel 71. By the pressure vessel, the liquor M can be heated above its atmospheric boiling point, without changing to the gas phase. At the bottom of the housing 75, a drain pipe 76 opens. An upper-side housing opening 77 is closed by a housing cover 73. Within the housing 70, a pressure chamber 72 is formed, in which an internal pressure I is present.

Within the housing 70, in particular within the pressure chamber 72, a treatment drum 10 is rotatably mounted, which is driven in particular in a direction of rotation V by a rotary drive 90 about a vertical axis of rotation A. In this case, the central axis of the treatment drum 10 is arranged coaxially to the axis of rotation A. The treatment drum 10 has a closed drum bottom 11, an upper-side drum opening 12 and a drum shell 13 which is arranged circumferentially relative to the axis of rotation A and which is essentially cylindrical. The drum casing 13 has a sieve wall 14 on the inside. The upper-side drum opening 12 is closed by a drum cover 80, which has a central opening 81.

In the drum shell 13, a first outlet opening 20 is introduced. This lies in the direction of the axis of rotation A in the upper sixth and thus at the upper end of the drum shell 13, thus also closer to the drum opening 12 than the drum bottom 11th

It can be seen in the center of the treatment drum 10 a coaxially aligned with the axis of rotation A core drum 60. This has a top core drum opening 61 and a sieve-shaped core drum shell 62, which extends to the drum base 11. The diameter of the core drum shell 62 is clearly, here by more than a factor of 3, smaller than the diameter of the drum shell 13. In particular, the core drum 60 is formed as a cylinder mounted on the drum base 11 of the treatment drum 10 of screen plate.

The return opening 20 opens into a non-rotatably arranged return line device 30. The return line device 30 is partially formed integrally with the housing 70 and thus rotatably and axially connected thereto. For the junction of the outlet opening 20, the return line device 30 has a treatment drum 10 radially comprehensive annular channel 32, which is designed to be open in the direction of the first outlet opening 20, this in particular by an inside annular channel slot 39. A minimum gap 33 remains between the treatment drum 10 and the In operation, approximately 10% of the liquor M escapes through the minimal gap 33. In order to maintain this minimum gap 33 in all rotational positions of the treatment drum 10, the annular channel 32 has a circular inner diameter D1 and the treatment drum 10 in the region of the annular channel 32 relative to the rotational axis A has a circular outer diameter D2. With the housing 70, the exiting liquor M can be collected. Depending on requirements, it can then be enriched with a small pump back into the treatment drum 10 or initially and then fed back or replaced.

The return line device 30 is completely pumpless. Their functioning is based on a return of the liquor M by the rotation of the treatment drum 10, which also sets the liquor M in rotation. As a result, the fleet M kinetic energy. It can be seen that the return line device 30 leads the liquor M through the drum opening 12 back into the treatment drum 10. For this purpose, close to the annular channel 32 tubular line sections, namely only a riser section 34, which opens on the upper side of the annular channel 32, then a winding section 35 and finally a case section 36, from which an outflow opening 31 is formed.

The rising from the annular channel 32 riser section 34 overcomes a height difference D in the longitudinal direction of the axis of rotation A between the annular channel 32 and the drum opening 12. The riser section 34 leads beyond the drum opening 12 and also beyond the housing cover 73 addition, so that the return line device 30 from the outside can be guided over the drum wall 13 in the direction of rotation axis A. Here, the riser section 34 winds from the direction of the annular channel 32 in the direction of the outflow opening 31 and in the direction of rotation V about the axis of rotation A. The flow cross section of the riser section 34 is between 90% and 110% of that of the annular channel 32. In addition, the maximum slope of the riser section 34 about 15%.

At the riser section 34, the largely horizontally extending winding section 35 connects. This winds from the direction of the annular channel 32 in the direction of the outflow opening 31 and in the direction of rotation V about the axis of rotation A, where he approaches this. In this case, the winding forms a tightening curve, namely similar to a logarithmic spiral.

The winding section 35 is followed by the fall section 36, which deflects the flow direction of the liquor M into the vertical, namely essentially in the direction of the axis of rotation A downwards. The case section 36 is first passed through a housing cover passage 74 of the housing cover 73. Case section 36 and housing cover 73 are designed here pressure-tight. Subsequently, the fall section 36 extends through the central opening 81 in the drum cover 80 and ends with the outflow opening 31 which points downwards. Thus, the outflow opening 31 is positioned above the drum base 11 and closer to the rotation axis A than the exit opening 20. In particular, the outflow opening 31 of the return line device 30 is also arranged closer to the axis of rotation A than the core drum jacket 62, so that the liquor M passes back into the core drum 60. In this case, the outflow opening 31 is located approximately at the height of the outlet opening 20. When the trap section is filled, a suction effect is basically achievable.

Furthermore, one can see a heating section 37 of the return line device 30. This comprises a lying within the annular channel 32 heater.

Thus textile garments T and liquor M can now be introduced into the treatment drum 10 and the treatment drum 10 can be rotated about the rotation axis A. By a resulting centrifugal force is the fleet M then accelerated from the center of the treatment drum 10 in the direction of drum casing 13. Here it collects on the inside of the drum shell 13 and penetrates through the outlet opening 20 in the annular channel 32. In practice, then flow 10% of the liquor through the minimum gap 33 to the outside in the housing 70. The remaining 90% of the return line device 30th without drive, that is, without additional pump, via the outflow opening 31 of the return line device 30 again closer to the axis of rotation A back into the treatment drum 10.

Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a wet treatment device 1, in which, however, the representation of many components has been omitted to illustrate the function of the return line device 30.

It can be seen an outer drum-like housing 70, which is rotationally fixed and designed as a pressure vessel 71. An upper-side housing opening 77 can be closed with a housing cover. Within the housing 70 as a pressure chamber 72 is formed.

Within the housing 70, in particular within the pressure chamber 72, a treatment drum 10 is rotatably mounted, which in particular in a direction of rotation V by a rotary drive about a vertical axis of rotation A can be driven. In this case, the central axis of the treatment drum 10 is arranged coaxially to the axis of rotation A. The treatment drum 10 has a closed drum bottom 11, an upper-side drum opening 12 and a drum shell 13 which is arranged circumferentially relative to the axis of rotation A and which is essentially cylindrical. The upper-side drum opening 12 is closable with a drum lid, which has a central opening.

In the drum shell 13 four outlet openings 20, 21, 22, 23 are visible. These lie in the direction of the axis of rotation A all at the same (vertical) height and are arranged uniformly distributed over the circumference of the drum shell 13. It can also be seen that each outlet opening 20, 21, 22, 23 is arranged in the upper tenth and thus at the upper end of the drum shell 13, thus also closer to the drum opening 12 than the drum bottom 11th

It can be seen in the center of the treatment drum 10 a coaxially aligned with the axis of rotation A core drum 60. This has a top core drum opening 61 and a sieve-shaped core drum shell 62, which extends to the drum base 11. The core drum opening 61 has an inside collar. This prevents overflow of the core drum opening 61 by rotating fleet. The diameter of the core drum shell 62 is clear, here by more than a factor of 4, smaller than the diameter of the drum shell 13. In particular, the core drum 60 is formed as a cylinder mounted on the drum base 11 of the treatment drum 10 of screen plate.

The outlet openings 20, 21, 22, 23 all open into a non-rotatably arranged return line device 30. The return line device 30 is also located within the housing 70 and is rotatably and axially connected thereto. For the confluence of the outlet openings 20, 21, 22, 23, the return line device 30 has a treatment drum 10 radially comprehensive annular channel 32, which is designed to be open in the direction of the first outlet opening 20. In this case, a minimum gap 33 remains between the treatment drum 10 and the annular channel 32.

The return line device 30 is completely pumpless. Their operation is based on a return of the liquor M by the rotation of the treatment drum 10, which also sets the fleet in rotation, whereby this kinetic energy has. It can be seen that the return line device 30 leads the liquor through the drum opening 12 back into the treatment drum 10. For this purpose, close to the annular channel 32 further tubular line sections, namely only a riser section 34, which opens on the upper side of the annular channel 32, then a winding section 35 and finally a case section 36, from which the outflow opening 32 is formed.

The rising out of the annular channel 32 riser section 34 overcomes a height difference in the longitudinal direction of the axis of rotation A between the annular channel 32 and the drum opening 12. A non-visible ramp directs the fleet within the annular channel 32 up in the riser section 34. The ramp thus interrupts the annular channel 32nd in scope at least partially, in particular in the area of the outer radius. The riser section 34 leads beyond the drum opening 12, so that the return line device 30 can be guided from outside over the drum wall 13 in the direction of the axis of rotation A. Here, the riser section 34 winds from the direction of the annular channel 32 in the direction of the outflow opening 31 and in the direction of rotation V about the rotation axis A. The flow cross-section of Climbing portion 34 is between 90% and 110% of that of the annular channel 32. In addition, the maximum slope of the riser section 34 is about 15%.

At the riser section 34, the largely horizontally extending winding section 35 connects. This winds from the direction of the annular channel 32 in the direction of the outflow opening 31 and in the direction of rotation V about the axis of rotation A, where he approaches this. In this case, the winding forms a tightening curve, namely similar to a logarithmic spiral.

The winding section 35 is followed by the fall section 36, which deflects the flow direction of the liquor into the vertical direction, namely substantially in the direction of the axis of rotation A downwards. The fall section 36 ends with the outflow opening 31, which points downwards. Thus, the outflow opening 31 is positioned above the drum base 11 and closer to the rotation axis A than the outlet openings 20, 21, 23, 24. In particular, the outflow opening 31 of the return line device 30 is also arranged closer to the axis of rotation A than the core drum jacket 62, so that the liquor passes back into the core drum 60.

It becomes clear in Fig. 2 in that the riser section 34, the winding section 35 and the drop section 36 merge smoothly, ie without kinks. The riser section 34 and the fall section 36 in each case overlap with the turn section 35, so that in the overlapping area there are at the same time slope and approximate turn or approximate turn and slope. In this way, a high return flow rate is achieved due to a low flow resistance. The fall portion 36 is passed through the drum opening 12 and the outflow opening 31 is located approximately at the level of the outlet openings 20, 21, 22, 23rd

Furthermore, one sees a heating section 37 of the return line device 30. This comprises a heating channel 38 for the passage of a fluid heating medium which adjoins the annular channel 32. Also, the heating channel 38 comprises the treatment drum 10 radially annular. In this case, the annular channel 32 is partially within the heating channel 38. Only the inside of the annular channel 32 is exposed to the drum wall 13 can face.

Thus textile garnishes and liquor can now be introduced into the treatment drum 10 and the treatment drum can be rotated about the axis of rotation A. By a resulting centrifugal force, the liquor is then accelerated from the center of the treatment drum 10 in the direction of the drum shell 13. Here it collects on the inside of the drum shell 13. From here it penetrates through the outlet openings 20, 21, 23, 24 in the annular channel 32. A large part of the fleet is then by the return line means 30 without drive, that is without an additional pump over the outflow opening 31 is again returned closer to the rotation axis A in the treatment drum 10.

Fig. 3 shows a vertical section through the wet treatment device 1 according to Fig. 2 , Only the riser section 34, turn section 35 and fall section 36 are shown in perspective. In the Fig. 2 shown and described above are thus also found in Fig. 3 again. In addition, in Fig. 3 however, some more details are revealed. Thus you can see a fifth outlet opening 24 in the drum shell 10. Marked are in Fig. 3 In addition, the outer diameter D2 of the drum shell 10, the inner diameter D1 of the annular channel 32 and the height difference D, which is bridged by means of the riser section 34.

In Fig. 3 also shows how the annular channel 32 is constructed in cross-section, namely substantially circular to U-shaped. For this purpose, it can be seen in particular that the annular channel 32 has an annular channel slot 39 on the inside, which is slightly higher in height than the outlet openings 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25. However, the height of the annular channel 32 is greater than that The upper reaches in the lower half in the annular channel 32. Upwards, the cross section of the annular channel 32 extends substantially to the height of the drum opening 12. In this annular channel 32 so flows the fleet M, in particular rotating at the outer wall.

Further, the formation of the heating section 37 becomes clear, the heating channel 38 is L-shaped adjacent to the annular channel 32, namely on the bottom and the outside. Through this heating channel 38, a heating medium M can be conducted.

It can be seen that the drum wall 13 is preceded by a screen wall 14. Between the core drum 60 and the screen wall 14 now textile presentations T can be arranged, which are wet-treatable by means of the liquor M. In this case, the liquor M flows along the indicated flow path P, inter alia upward in the intermediate space between the drum wall 13 and the sieve wall 14.

Fig. 4 shows a top view of the on Fig. 2 shown wet treatment device 1. Accordingly, many of the in Fig. 2 in FIGS Fig. 4 shown and marked. One recognizes how in Fig. 3 the inner diameter D1 of the annular channel 32, the outer diameter D2 of the drum shell 13 and the intermediate minimal gap 33. Also flows here as in Fig. 3 Fleet M through the annular channel 32 and heating medium H through the heating section 37, in particular the heating channel 38th

From Fig. 5 a horizontal section through a wet treatment device 1 in the plane of the outlet openings 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 is shown, wherein a drum shell 13 with outlet openings 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 and an annular channel 32 of the return line device 10 are shown substantially , The outlet openings 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 are each formed as a nozzle 40, 42, 43, 44, which lie at the level of the annular slot 39 of the annular channel 32. Between drum shell 13 and annular channel 32 remains a minimum gap 33. The outflow 41 of the nozzles 40, 42, 43, 44 each have an angle Z in the direction of rotation V about the axis of rotation A. The angle Z is approximately 45 °. Thus, the exit velocity of the liquor M from the nozzles 40, 42, 43, 44 is higher than the rotational speed of the drum shell 13.

It can be seen in a section of the annular channel 32, a transition into a riser section 34. As a further detail, one can see a heating section 37, which is designed as a heating channel 38. This includes the annular channel 32 radially. Through the heating channel 38 flows a heating medium H.

Surrounding the drum shell 13 and the annular channel 32 of a housing 70, which is a pressure vessel 71. The housing interior is thus a pressure chamber 72. In the center of the treatment drum 10 is still a core drum 60, of which a core drum shell 62 and a core drum opening 61 are visible.

In Fig. 6 2 shows a partial section of a vertical section through a wet treatment device 1. This detail shows in enlarged form a return line device 30 with an annular channel 32 and a heating section 37 and the adjacent upper end of a drum shell 13. In addition, further details are disclosed.

An outlet opening 20 in the drum shell 13 is formed here as a nozzle 40. In addition, it projects in the direction of a ring slot 32 of the annular casing 32 radially surrounding the drum casing 13. The nozzle 40 is a tube inserted into the drum casing 13. For assembly, the annular channel 32 can be formed in two parts (for example, consisting of upper and lower ring or two ring sections), in particular if the nozzle 40 is to protrude into the annular channel 32.

In addition, the drum shell 13 is spaced apart a sieve wall 14. This retains outwardly urging, textile presentations T and allows unrestricted vertical flows of the liquor M in the remaining intermediate area to the drum shell 13 so that they can reach the outlet opening 20. On the upper side, the screen wall 14 is made tight relative to the drum wall 13, here in particular by a firmly connected, for example welded, ring. Alternatively, a sealing closure at the upper edge of the screen wall 14 by the drum cover 80 described below is providable.

On the upper side, the drum opening 12 of the treatment drum 10 is closed by a drum cover 80, in particular in the zone between the drum casing 13 and the drum cover 80 in a fluid-tight manner. The drum cover 80, however, has a central lid opening 81. Through this, the fall portion of the return line device 30 can be guided.

In Fig. 7 can be seen in a plan view of a schematically sketched return line device 30, in particular in the plane of an inside annular slot 39 of an annular channel 32. In the center, the axis of rotation A and a rotation direction V of a treatment drum, not shown, are indicated. The annular channel 32 has a circular inner diameter D1. The distance of the bottom 29 of the annular channel 32 from the inner diameter D1 increases in the direction of rotation V. After a full revolution about the axis of rotation A, ie after about 360 degrees, the bottom 29 adjoins a tubular line section of the return line device 30, in particular to a riser section 34. In this direction, first a winding section 35 and then a fall section 36 in the direction of rotation V. at. The latter ends with an outflow opening 31 in the center of the annular channel 32, in particular between the annular slot 39 and the axis of rotation A. The winding section 35 and the fall section 36 lead out of the plane shown, so their course is indicated in sections only with a dashed line. An advantage of such a design is that the annular slot 39 can extend over the entire circumference and only a small amount of liquor does not enter the riser section 34 by foaming and spraying.

In different variants with a constant distance between the bottom 39 and the inner diameter D1, the advantage lies in the fact that a surrounding housing only has to have a particularly small inner diameter, which offers cost advantages in particular in an embodiment of the housing as a pressure vessel.

Furthermore, it can be seen at the transition between the bottom 29 and riser 34 an openable outlet opening 91, which would thus be arranged radially outside a treatment drum. The outlet opening 91 is closed in particular by a flap. This can be opened as indicated inside. As a result, in the open position, it at least partially obstructs the riser section 34. The liquor can thus be drained off particularly quickly.

All directions described, such as vertical, horizontal, top and bottom are to be understood as geodetic orientations in an operating position of the wet treatment device.

The invention is not limited to one of the above-described embodiments, but can be modified in many ways.

Thus, an embodiment is conceivable in which the line sections of the return line device do not lead beyond the drum opening and open from above into the treatment drum. Instead, a fall section may be provided, followed by a riser connected by the drum bottom. The riser is for this purpose to be arranged coaxially to the axis of rotation and to seal the drum base. As a result, the kinetic energy of the fleet and the gradient for the return can be used. However, the arrangement of the riser through the drum bottom is a little more complicated and expensive, and usually not retrofittable with existing devices.

In addition, the invention is not limited to a single adjacent to the annular channel line section. It can also be arranged distributed over the circumference at least two.

All of the claims, the description and the drawings resulting features and advantages, including design details, spatial arrangements and method steps may be essential to the invention both in itself and in various combinations. <B> LIST OF REFERENCES </ b> 1 Wet treatment device 60 core barrel 61 Core drum opening 10 treatment drum 62 Core drum shell 11 drumhead 12 drum opening 70 casing 13 drum shell 71 pressure vessel 14 sieve wall 72 pressure chamber 73 housing cover 20 first exit opening 74 Cover implementation 21 second exit opening 75 caseback 22 further outlet opening 76 drain pipe 23 further outlet opening 77 housing opening 24 further outlet opening 80 drum lid 29 ground 81 central opening 30 Recirculation duct means 31 Bore 90 rotary drive 32 annular channel 33 minimal gap A axis of rotation 34 rising section D height difference 35 turn section D1 Inner diameter (ring channel) 36 case section D2 outer diameter 37 heating section (Treatment drum) 38 heating duct H heating medium 39 Ring channel slot I internal pressure M Fleet (treatment agent) 40 jet P flow path 41 outflow T textile presentation 42 jet V direction of rotation 43 jet Z angle of attack 44 jet

Claims (18)

1. Wet treatment device (1) for wet treating textile makeups (T), in particular for dyeing and decolourising the textile makeups (T) with a liquor (M), with a treatment drum (10) which is driven in a rotational direction (V) by a rotational drive (90) around a vertical rotational axis (A) whereby the treatment drum (10) comprises a closed drum base (11), an upper-side drum opening (12) and a drum shell (13) arranged at the circumference relative to the rotational axis (A) with at least one first outlet opening (20) whereby the first outlet opening (20) opens into a return line device (30) arranged in a torque-proof manner whereby the return line device (30) comprises a ring channel (32) radially enclosing the treatment drum (10), said ring channel is configured open in the direction of the first outlet opening (20) and whereby the return line device (30) comprises an outflow opening (31) which is positioned above the drum base (11) and closer to the rotational axis (A) than the first outlet opening (20), characterised in that the return line device (30) is configured in a pump-less manner, since by way of the rotation of the treatment drum (10) in the rotational direction (V) the liquor (M) is accelerated from the centre of the treatment drum (10) in the direction of the drum shell (13) by a resulting centrifugal force, flows through the first outlet opening (20) into the ring channel (32) of the return line device (30) and is at least partly guided back from the return line device (30) into the treatment drum (10) in a drive-less manner via the outflow opening (31) of the return line device (30) once again closer to the rotational axis (A).
2. Wet treatment device (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the ring channel (32) comprises an opening which is configured on the inside in the direction of the drum shell (13) as a circumferential slot, whereby the ring channel (32) is configured open with respect to the outlet opening (20) in each rotational position of the treatment drum (10).
3. Wet treatment device (1) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that at least one second outlet opening (21) is formed in the drum shell (13), whereby each outlet opening (20, 21) opens into the ring channel (32) of the return line device (30).
4. Wet treatment device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that each outlet opening (20, 21) is configured as a nozzle (40) whereby the outflow direction (41) of the nozzle (40) comprises an angle of arrangement (Z) in the rotational direction (V).
5. Wet treatment device (1) according to claim 4, characterised in that the angle (Z) of arrangement is between 40° and 50°.
6. Wet treatment device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the return line device (30) comprises a raised section (34) which bridges a height difference (D) in the longitudinal direction of the rotational axis (A) between the ring channel (32) and the drum opening (12) and leads beyond the drum opening (12).
7. Wet treatment device (1) according to claim 6, characterised in that the rising section (34) winds from the direction of the ring channel (32) in the direction of the outflow opening (31) in the rotational direction (V) around the rotational axis (A).
8. Wet treatment device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the return line device (30) comprises a coil section (35) which winds around the rotational axis (A) and draws near, from the direction of the ring channel (32) in the direction of the outflow opening (31) as well as in the rotational direction (V), to the rotational axis (A).
9. Wet treatment device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the return line device (30) comprises a dropping section (36) which borders the outflow opening (31) and drops substantially vertically.
10. Wet treatment device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that each outlet opening (20, 21) is arranged in the upper third of the drum shell (13).
11. Wet treatment device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a core drum (60) aligned coaxially to the rotational axis (A) is arranged in the treatment drum (10), said core drum (60)comprises an upper-side core drum opening (61) and a sieve-shaped core drum shell (62) and extends to the drum base (11).
12. Wet treatment device (1) according to claim 11, characterised in that the outflow opening (31) of the return line device (30) is arranged closer to the rotational axis (A) than the core drum shell (62).
13. Wet treatment device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the return line device (30) comprises a heating section (37).
14. Wet treatment device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the return line device (30) comprises an openable outlet opening (91) radially outside of the treatment drum (10).
15. Wet treatment device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the treatment drum (10) and the return line device (30) are arranged inside of a housing (70) which collects outflowing liquor (M).
16. Wet treatment device (1) according to claim 15, characterised in that the housing (70) is configured as a pressure container (71).
17. Wet treatment device (1) according to claim 16, characterised in that the pressure container (71) comprises a pressure chamber (72) and withstands an inner pressure (I) in the pressure chamber (72) of at least 1.5 bar.
18. Method for operating a wet treatment device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterised by the following steps:

    • Introducing a textile makeup (T) into the treatment drum (10);

    • Introducing a liquor (M) into the treatment drum (10);

    • Rotating the treatment drum (10) in the rotational direction (V) whereby the liquor (M) is accelerated from the centre of the treatment drum (10) in the direction of the drum shell (13) by a resulting centrifugal force, flows through the first outlet opening (20) into the ring channel (32) of the return line device (30) and is at least partly guided back from the return line device (30) into the treatment drum (10) in a drive-less manner via the outflow opening (31) of the return line device (30) once again closer to the rotational axis (A).

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