EP3037598A1

EP3037598A1 - Water stop structure

Info

Publication number: EP3037598A1
Application number: EP14837147.9A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Noriaki Shimane
Original assignee: Asahi Kasei Homes Corp
Current assignee: Asahi Kasei Homes Corp
Priority date: 2013-08-23
Filing date: 2014-08-12
Publication date: 2016-06-29
Also published as: CN105473797A; JP2015040450A; EP3037598A4; JP6279251B2; WO2015025780A1

Abstract

A top surface 13a of a block 10 has a first groove 16 extending along a length direction, so that a certain space is formed at a horizontal joint J1 when a masonry is configured with a plurality of blocks 10 laid continuously. This configuration weakens suction or penetration of water by capillarity at the first groove 16 and, thereby preventing or minimizing intrusion of water into the inside of the first groove 16 even when water such as rainwater intrudes by capillarity at the horizontal joint J1.

Description

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a water stop structure and more particularly to a water stop structure for joints in a masonry construction.

Background Art

Buildings of masonry construction have been known in which blocks such as bricks and concrete blocks are built up to form a wall (structural wall). Such buildings of masonry construction are provided with water stop structures in order to prevent intrusion of rainwater or others from the outside at joints between adjacent blocks.
For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a seal structure for a construction in which a plurality of extruded cement plates are arranged adjacently above and below. This seal structure is configured to include an exterior seal, which is a sealing material to fill along the length direction, on the exterior side of the horizontal joints, and an interior seal, which is a joint gasket made of a hollow extruded elastic material, on the interior side of the horizontal joints.

Citation List

Patent Literature

[Patent Literature 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. H10-46692

Summary of Invention

Technical Problem

Unfortunately, the seal structure described above may permit intrusion of rainwater into the interior side by capillarity in the joints, for example, when the filling of the sealing material or the other is insufficient or when the sealing material or the other is deteriorated.
An object of the present invention is to provide a water stop structure capable of preventing or minimizing intrusion of rainwater at joints in a masonry construction.

Solution to Problem

In order to solve such a problem, a water stop structure of the present invention is a water stop structure for joints in a masonry configured with a plurality of blocks laid continuously in a top-bottom direction and a right-left direction. Each of the blocks has a width, a height, and a length in an out-of-plane direction, the top-bottom direction, and the right-left direction, respectively, of the masonry. The block has a top surface having a first groove extending along a length direction.
In this water stop structure, the top surface of the block has a first groove extending along the length direction, so that the first groove is positioned at the horizontal joint between the blocks laid continuously in the top-bottom direction. This configuration can prevent or minimize intrusion of water into the inside of the first groove even when water such as rainwater intrudes by capillarity at the horizontal joint.
The block may have a vertical drain channel configured to communicate the first groove with a bottom surface of the block. The vertical drain channel may have a lower end opposed to the first groove of another lower adjacent block. In this case, even when water intruding by capillarity at the horizontal joint is accumulated in the first groove, the vertical drain channel allows the water to drain toward the first groove in the adjacent lower block.
The vertical drain channel may be formed at a vertical joint between the blocks adjacent in the right-left direction. In this case, even when water such as rainwater intrudes by capillarity at the vertical joint, intrusion of water into the inside of the vertical drain channel can be prevented or minimized.
The bottom surface of the block may have a second groove extending along the length direction. The second groove may be opposed to another first groove of another lower adjacent block. In this case, even when rainwater or the like intrudes through the bottom surface of the block at the horizontal joint, intrusion of water into the inside of the second groove can be prevented or minimized.
The bottom surface of the block may have two second grooves extending along the length direction. The lower end of the vertical drain channel may be positioned between the two second grooves. In this case, when water flows down through the vertical drain channel and drains from the lower end, spreading of the water in the width direction over the bottom surface of the block can be prevented or minimized.
The bottom surface of the block may have a second groove extending along the length direction. One of side surfaces in a width direction of the block may form an exterior wall surface of the masonry, and the other side surface in the width direction of the block may form an interior wall surface of the masonry. The second groove may be formed between the lower end of the vertical drain channel and the other side surface. In this case, when water flows down through the vertical drain channel and drains from the lower end, intrusion of the water toward the interior wall through the bottom surface of the block can be prevented or minimized.

Advantageous Effects of Invention

The present invention provides a water stop structure capable of preventing or minimizing intrusion of rainwater from joints.

Brief Description of Drawings

FIG 1 is a front view of a masonry building to which a water stop structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is applicable.
FIG 2 is a perspective view of a block for use in the water stop structure according to an embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the top surface.
FIG 3 is a perspective view of the block in FIG 2 as viewed from the bottom surface.
FIG 4 is a front view of the blocks laid continuously in the top-bottom direction and the right-left direction.
FIG 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line V-V in FIG 4.
FIG 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in FIG. 5.
FIG 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VII-VII in FIGS.

Description of Embodiments

Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. For the sake of convenience, the substantially same elements are denoted with the same reference signs and an overlapping description may be omitted.
The present invention is applicable to a wide range of masonry constructions configured with a plurality of blocks laid continuously. In the following description, however, the present invention is applied to a masonry building configured with reinforced blocks.
As shown in FIG. 1, a masonry building 1 is configured to include a continuous footing 2 provided on the ground GD and a wall 4 including a plurality of blocks 10 laid continuously in the right-left direction and the top-bottom direction on the continuous footing 2. The masonry building 1 is a two-story house of masonry construction and is configured to include a first floor, a second floor, and a roof floor, which are not shown.
Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG 3, a detailed configuration of a block 10 will be described. Referring to FIG 4 to FIG 7, a configuration of blocks 10 laid continuously will be described. The material of the block 10 in the present embodiment is, for example, but not limited to, ALC or lightweight concrete. The material of the block 10 may be selected from other materials.
FIG 2 and FIG 3 are perspective views of the block 10 as viewed from the top surface and the bottom surface, respectively. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG 3, the block 10 is shaped in a rectangular parallelepiped having a width, a height, and a length in the out-of-plane direction, the top-bottom direction, and the right-left direction, respectively, of the masonry. The out-of-plane direction refers to the direction orthogonal to the top-bottom direction and the right-left direction.
The block 10 has end surfaces 11 and 11 opposed to each other in the length direction, side surfaces 12a and 12b opposed to each other in the width direction, and a top surface 13a and a bottom surface 13b opposed to each other in the height direction. When the wall 4 is constructed, one of the side surfaces 12a and 12b forms an interior wall surface of the wall 4 and the other of the side surfaces 12a and 12b forms an exterior wall surface of the wall 4. The length dimension L (the dimension between one end surface 11 and the other end surface 11), the width dimension W (the dimension between the side surface 12a and the side surface 12b), and the height dimension H (the dimension between the top surface 13a and the bottom surface 13b) of the block 10 are, for example, about 750 mm, about 250 mm, and about 150 mm, respectively.
As shown in FIG. 2, the end surfaces 11 and 11 of the block 10 have depressions 14A and 14A each having a predetermined width to be filled with a grout material. The depressions 14A and 14A are continuous from the top surface 13a to the bottom surface 13b. The depressions 14A and 14A are formed approximately at the center in the width direction of the respective end surfaces 11 and 11. The depressions 14A and 14A are formed with side portions 14a and 14a each having a predetermined inclination and a central portion 14b joining these side portions 14a and 14a to each other. As shown in FIG 4 and FIG 5, when the blocks 10 are laid continuously in the right-left direction, the opposing depressions 14A of the blocks 10 adjacent in the right-left direction are coupled to each other to form a grout-filled hole 14 at a vertical joint J2 between the blocks 10.
As shown in FIG 3, the bottom surface 13b of the block 10 has a depression 15 having a predetermined width to be filled with a grout material. The depression 15 is continuous from one end surface 11 to the other end surface 11. The depression 15 is formed approximately at the center in the width direction of the bottom surface 13b. The depression 15 is formed with side portions 15a and 15a each having a predetermined inclination and a central portion 15b joining the side portions 15a and 15a to each other. The depressions 14A and 14A and the depression 15 are formed to have a width of about the same size. The depressions 14A and 14A and the depression 15 therefore form a depression continuous from the upper end of one end surface 11 to the upper end of the other end surface 11 through the bottom surface 13b.
As shown in FIG 4, when a plurality of blocks 10 are laid continuously in the top-bottom direction and the right-left direction, the depression 15 in a block 10 is in communication with the depression 15 in another block 10 adjacent in the right-left direction, and the grout-filled holes 14 are in communication with each other through the depressions 15.
The block 10 has cylindrical reinforcement-inserted holes h approximately at the center in the width direction. Each of the reinforcement-inserted hole h passes through from the top surface 13a to the bottom surface 13b. As shown in FIG 3, the lower end of the reinforcement-inserted hole h in communication with the bottom surface 13b is within the grout-filled depression 15, so that the reinforcement-inserted hole h is in communication with the depression 15. A total of three reinforcement-inserted holes h are provided: one approximately at the center in the length direction; and ones at a distance of approximately 1/6 of the length dimension L from each of both end surfaces 11 and 11. The distance between the reinforcement-inserted holes h of the adjacent blocks laid continuously in the right-left direction is then equal to approximately 1/3 of the length dimension L. When the upper and the lower blocks 10 are built up so as to be shifted by 1/3 in the length direction, the reinforcement-inserted holes h are matched in position in the top-bottom direction (see FIG 4).
As shown in FIG 2, the top surface 13a of the block 10 has a first groove 16A at a position closer to the side surface 12a and a first groove 16B at a position closer to the side surface 12b. The first grooves 16A and 16B are formed to be continuous from one end surface 11 to the other end surface 11 along the length direction (the first grooves 16A and 16B may be collectively referred to as "the first groove 16"). The first groove 16 is a depression formed with side portions 16a and 16a forming opposite walls and a bottom portion 16b joining the side portions 16a and 16a to each other. The side portions 16a and 16a are inclined so as to expand upward. That is, the first groove 16 is formed such that its opening is gradually wider upward. The first groove 16A and the first groove 16B extend at a certain distance from the side surface 12a and the side surface 12b, respectively, linearly in parallel with the side surface 12. With this configuration, when the blocks 10 are laid continuously in the right-left direction, the first grooves 16 in the adjacent blocks 10 are in communication with each other.
The first groove 16 forms a space having a predetermined extent at the horizontal joint J1 between the blocks 10 laid continuously in the top-bottom direction. This space weakens suction or penetration of water by capillarity, thereby preventing or minimizing intrusion of water into the inside of the first groove 16 even when water such as rainwater intrudes by capillarity at the horizontal joint J1. The first groove 16 is formed to be recessed downward and can store a certain amount of water. This configuration can prevent or minimize intrusion of water into the inside of the first groove 16 even when water such as rainwater intrudes by capillarity at the horizontal joint J1.
As shown in FIG. 3, the bottom surface 13b of the block 10 has four second grooves 17A, 17B, 17C, and 17D extending along the length direction. The second grooves 17A, 17B, 17C, and 17D are formed continuously along the length direction from one end surface 11 to the other end surface 11. These second grooves 17A, 17B, 17C, and 17D may be collectively referred to as the "the second groove 17". The second groove 17 is formed with side portions 17a and 17a formed upright in the width direction and a top surface portion 17b joining theses side portions 17a and 17a to each other (see FIG 6). The second grooves 17A and 17B are formed to extend linearly at a distance from the side surface 12a in the bottom surface 13b, and the second grooves 17C and 17D are formed to extend linearly at a distance from the side surface 12b in the bottom surface 13b. With this configuration, when the blocks 10 are laid continuously in the right-left direction, the second grooves 17 in the adjacent blocks 10 are in communication with each other.
The second grooves 17A and 17B are formed at a position opposed to the first groove 16A in the top-bottom direction (within the range of the width of the first groove 16A). The second grooves 17C and 17D are formed at a position opposed to the first groove 16B in the top-bottom direction (within the range of the width of the first groove 16B). With this configuration, when the blocks 10 are laid continuously in the top-bottom direction, the second grooves 17A and 17B are located above the opening of the first groove 16A, and the second grooves 17C and 17D are located above the opening of the first groove 16B (see FIG 6). Water dropping downward from the second groove 17 falls into the first groove 16.
As shown in FIG 2 and FIG 3, the first groove 16 in the top surface 13a has vertical drain channels 18A and 18B for draining water accumulated in the first groove 16. The vertical drain channels 18A and 18B may be collectively referred to as "the vertical drain channel 18". As shown in FIG 6, the vertical drain channel 18 is formed with a cylindrical through hole that communicates a top opening 18a provided in the first groove 16 to serve as an inlet with a bottom opening 18b provided in the bottom surface 13b to serve as an outlet. The top opening 18a of the vertical drain channel 18 is formed approximately at the central position in the width direction in the bottom portion 16b of the first groove 16. The bottom opening 18b of the vertical drain channel 18 is formed in the bottom surface 13b at a position opposed to the first groove 16 in the lower adjacent block 10 laid continuously in the top-bottom direction.
The vertical drain channels 18A and 18B are formed at positions that equally divide the length dimension L of the block 10 into three. When the upper and the lower blocks 10 are built up so as to be shifted by 1/3 in the length direction, the bottom opening 18b of the vertical drain channel 18A is opposed to, for example, the top opening 18a of the vertical drain channel 18B in the first groove 16 of the lower adjacent block 10 (see FIG 7). As described above, the vertical drain channels 18 of the upper and the lower blocks are matched in position, so that the vertical drain channels 18 laid continuously above and below are in communication with each other on a straight line in the top-bottom direction.
Even in a configuration in which the vertical drain channels 18 of the upper and the lower blocks are not matched in position, the vertical drain channel 18 of the upper-side block 10 is in communication with the vertical drain channel 18 of the lower block 10 through the first groove 16 of the lower-side block 10. This configuration allows water accumulated in the first groove 16 to drain from the vertical drain channel 18. Although not shown, the first groove 16 may have a predetermined inclination to facilitate flow of water into the vertical drain channel 18.
The opposite end surfaces 11 and 11 of the block 10 have third grooves 19A each having a semicircular cross section and extending from the top surface 13a to the bottom surface 13b along the height direction. The third groove 19A extends straight downward from the upper end thereof located approximately at the center in the width direction in the bottom portion 16b, and the lower end of the third groove 19A is positioned to be opposed to the first groove 16 in the lower adjacent block 10. As shown in FIG 5, when the blocks 10 are laid continuously in the right-left direction, the third grooves 19A of the blocks 10 adjacent in the right-left direction are coupled so as to be opposed to each other, whereby a cylindrical vertical drain channel 19 is formed at the vertical joint J2 between the blocks 10. The vertical drain channel 19 has a top opening 19a formed approximately at the central position in the width direction of the bottom portion 16b and has a bottom opening 19b formed at a position opposed to the first groove 16 in the lower adjacent block 10.
When the blocks 10 are laid continuously in the top-bottom direction and the right-left direction, the vertical drain channel 19 is in communication with the vertical drain channel 18 (see FIG 7) and allows water accumulated in the first groove 16 to drain in the same manner as in the vertical drain channel 18. The vertical drain channel 19 (third grooves 19A) forms a space having a predetermined extent at the vertical joint J2 between the blocks 10 laid continuously in the right-left direction. This space weakens suction or penetration of water by capillarity, thereby preventing or minimizing intrusion of water into the inside of the vertical drain channel 19 even when water such as rainwater intrudes by capillarity at the vertical joint J2.
The bottom openings 18b and 19b of the vertical drain channels 18 and 19 formed in the first groove 16A are formed at a midpoint between the second groove 17A and the second groove 17B. The bottom openings 18b and 19b of the vertical drain channels 18 and 19 formed in the first groove 16B are formed at a midpoint between the second groove 17C and the second groove 17D. For example, when the side surface 12a is an exterior wall surface and the side surface 12b is an interior wall surface, the second grooves 17B and 17D are formed between the interior wall surface (side surface 12b) and the bottom openings 18b and 19b of the vertical drain channels 18 and 19.
The water stop structure 20 of the present embodiment (see FIG. 6 and FIG. 7) is configured to include the first groove 16, the second groove 17, and the vertical drain channels 18 and 19 as described above.
An exemplary construction process of the masonry building 1 according to the present embodiment will now be described.

(Footing Construction Process)

First of all, the continuous footing 2 is constructed, which is provided continuously in the direction in which the wall 4 is arranged. The continuous footing 2 is a structure of reinforced concrete provided on the ground GD and functions as a foundation for the masonry building 1. The continuous footing 2 has a part buried in the ground and a part rising from the ground GD. The top surface 2a of the rising part is formed to be a flat surface on which the wall 4 is installed. The dimension in the thickness direction of the continuous footing 2 is set greater than the dimension in the width direction of the wall 4 (the width dimension W of the block 10) so that the edge of the first floor and the wall 4 can be installed.
The continuous footing 2 is provided with drainage means for receiving water intruding from the joints between the blocks 10 and discharging the water to the outside. The drainage means includes, for example, a groove (not shown) continuous in the right-left direction in the top surface 2a of the continuous footing 2 at a position opposed to the position of the second grooves 17 of the blocks 10 on the first layer, and drainage holes (not shown) formed in this groove at predetermined intervals to pass through to the outside. Water flowing down through the vertical drain channels 18 and 19 is then discharged from the drainage holes through the groove in the continuous footing 2.

(Reinforcement Setting Process)

Reinforcements R are set up with a predetermined pitch from the top surface 2a of the continuous footing 2. In the present embodiment, since the pitch of the reinforcement-inserted holes h in the block 10 is set to 1/3 of the length dimension L, the reinforcements R are set up with the same pitch. The reinforcements R are set up, for example, in such a manner as to be buried in advance to have a predetermined fixed length before concrete of the continuous footing 2 is placed. The reinforcements R may be set up by any other process. For example, fixing members such as nuts serving as anchors may be buried in the continuous footing 2 so that the reinforcements are secured to the fixing members.

(Block Building Process)

First, the blocks 10 on the first layer are laid on the top surface 2a of the continuous footing 2. In doing so, a sealing material S1 is placed in the form of a stripe without interruption in the length direction, between the depression 15 and the second groove 17B and between the depression 15 and the second groove 17C in the bottom surface 13b of the block 10 (see FIG. 6). The sealing material S1 may be placed on the continuous footing 2 rather than on the block 10. The block 10 is positioned so that the reinforcement R is inserted through the center of each reinforcement-inserted hole h. When the blocks 10 are laid continuously in its length direction, a sealing material S2 is placed in advance in the form of a stripe without interruption in the height direction between the depression 14A and each of the third grooves 19A and 19A in the end surface 11 (see FIG 5). In doing so, the sealing material S1 placed on the bottom surface 13b is made continuous with the sealing material S2 placed on the end surface 11, so that the sealing material S1 at the horizontal joint is continuous with the sealing material S2 at the vertical joint.
Subsequently, the blocks 10 on the second layer are laid on the top surfaces 13 a of the blocks 10 on the first layer. In the present embodiment, the block 10 on the second layer is placed so as to be shifted by 1/3 in the length direction from the block 10 on the first layer. Since the block 10 illustrated in the figures has a length dimension of about 750 mm, the block 10 is shifted by about 250 mm. In doing so, the sealing materials S1 and S2 are placed in advance on the bottom surface 13b and the end surface 11 of the block 10 in the same manner as in the block 10 on the first layer. The sealing material S1 placed on the bottom surface 13b is positioned in the space between the reinforcement-inserted hole h and the first groove 16 in the top surface 13a of the block on the first layer. The sealing material S1 may be placed in advance on the top surface 13a of the block 10 on the first layer, rather than on the bottom surface 13b of the block 10 on the second layer.
Subsequently, the blocks 10 on the third layer are laid on the top surfaces 13a of the blocks 10 on the second layer. The block 10 on the third layer is laid such that the position in the right-left direction of the end surface 11 is matched with that of the block 10 on the first layer. In doing so, the sealing materials S1 and S2 are placed in advance on the bottom surface 13b and the end surface 11 in the same manner as in the first layer and the second layer. The sealing material S1 may be placed in advance on the top surface 13a of the block 10 on the second layer, rather than on the bottom surface 13b of the block 10 on the third layer.
Subsequently, the work is repeated in the same manner until the blocks 10 are built up to a desired height. If the reinforcements used have a length that does not reach the desired height, reinforcements are added appropriately during the course of the work.

(Tension Applying Process and Grout Filling Process)

When the block building process is repeated a predetermined number of times and the blocks 10 are built up to a certain height, the threaded reinforcement protruding from the upper end surface of the built-up block is tightened into a nut with a washer interposed, whereby tension is applied to the reinforcement. A grout material G is then injected from the gap in the reinforcement-inserted hole h and the gap in the grout-filled hole 14 in the top surface 13a of the block 10. Since the reinforcement-inserted hole h, the grout-filled hole 14, and the grout-filled depression 15 are all in communication with each other (see FIG 4), the built-up blocks 10 are filled with the grout material G one by one from the bottom. Since the sealing materials S1 and S2 are placed on both sides in the width direction of the reinforcement-inserted hole h, the grout-filled hole 14, and the grout-filled depression 15 to exert compressive force, the grout material G does not leak to the outside of the block 10. As for the frequency of injecting the grout material G, for example, the grout material G may be injected every time the blocks 10 are built up in five layers or so. The optimum number of layers, that is, the cycle, at which the grout material G is injected can be set as appropriate.
These processes are repeated until the blocks 10 are built up to the top layer. The grout material G is injected from the gap in the reinforcement-inserted hole h and the gap in the grout-filled hole 14 in the top surface 13a of the block 10 built up on the top layer, in the same manner as described above. The block on the top layer may have, for example, a structure that does not have the first groove 16 and the vertical drain channels 18 and 19 of the block 10. Through the processes as described above, the wall 4 in the present embodiment is constructed.
In the water stop structure 20 of the present embodiment, the top surface 13a of the block 10 has the first groove 16 extending along the length direction. When the blocks 10 are laid continuously in the top-bottom direction, the first groove 16 is positioned in the horizontal joint J1 between the blocks 10. This configuration can prevent or minimize intrusion of water into the inside of the first groove 16 even when water intrudes into the horizontal joint J1.
The bottom openings 18b and 19b of the vertical drain channels 18 and 19 in the first groove 16 are opposed to the first groove 16 of the lower adjacent block 10. With this configuration, even when water is accumulated in the first groove 16 in the horizontal joint J1, the vertical drain channels 18 and 19 allow water to drain toward the first groove 16 of the lower adjacent block 10.
Since the vertical drain channel 19 is formed at the vertical joint J2, intrusion of water into the inside of the vertical drain channel 19 can be prevented or minimized even when water intrudes into the vertical joint J2.
The second groove 17 formed in the bottom surface 13b of the block 10 is opposed to the first groove 16 of the lower adjacent block 10. This configuration can prevent or minimize intrusion of water into the inside of the second groove 17 even when water intrudes from the horizontal joint J1 through the bottom surface 13b of the block 10.
The bottom openings 18b and 19b of the vertical drain channels 18 and 19 are positioned between the two second grooves 17A and 17B and between the two second grooves 17C and 17D. In this configuration, water discharged from the bottom openings 18b and 19b fails to spread in the width direction over the bottom surface 13b of the block 10, because the bottom surface 13b is interrupted by the second groove 17.
When the side surface 12a is an exterior wall surface and the side surface 12b is an interior wall surface, the second grooves 17B and 17D are formed between the interior wall surface and the bottom openings 18b and 19b of the vertical drain channels 18 and 19. When water flows down through the vertical drain channels 18 and 19 and drains from the bottom openings 18b and 19b, the second grooves 17B and 17D can prevent or minimize intrusion of the water toward the interior wall surface through the bottom surface 13b.
Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention should not be construed to be limited to the foregoing embodiment. For example, the first groove is formed linearly in parallel with the side surface in the example above, but the first groove is not intended to be limited to this example. The first groove may be formed in the shape of a predetermined curve or may be serpentine in the width direction. When the first groove is formed linearly, the first groove may be formed to have a predetermined inclination toward one side in the width direction. The form as in the foregoing embodiment facilitates communication between the first grooves in the blocks adjacent in the right-left direction and facilitates positioning of the bottom opening of the vertical drain channel so as to be opposed to the first groove when the blocks are laid continuously in the top-bottom direction. The cross section of the first groove may have an arc shape. In this case, the side portions 16a and 16a are smoothly continuous with the bottom portion 16b. The cross-sectional shape of the first groove may be triangular. In this case, the side portions 16a and 16a are joined to each other at the lower ends thereof, and there is no portion corresponding to the bottom portion 16b. The first groove may be formed in any shape as long as it is shaped like a groove.
In the example above, the first groove is formed in the form of a single line continuous in the length direction from one end surface to the other end surface. The first groove, however, is not intended to be limited to this example. For example, the first groove may be interrupted halfway in the length direction and divided into two grooves as long as it is formed along the length direction. In this case, both of the two grooves may be in communication with the vertical drain channels.
Since the reinforcement-inserted holes in the block are provided at an interval of 1/3 of the length dimension, the blocks built up in the top-bottom direction are shifted from each other by 1/3 in the example above. The arrangement, however, is not intended to be limited to this example. For example, the blocks built up in the top-bottom direction may be built up without being shifted to the right and left, or the distance between the reinforcement-inserted holes may be changed and then the amount of shifting may be changed.
In the example above, the wall is configured solely with blocks having the same dimensions. The configuration, however, is not intended to be limited to this example. For example, the wall may be configured with a combination of multiple kinds of blocks having the same width dimension and height dimension and different length dimensions. Such a configuration facilitates designing of openings serving as windows or others.

Reference Signs List

1 ... masonry building, 2 ... continuous footing, 2a ... top surface, 4 ... wall, 10 ... block, 11 ... end surface, 12 (12a, 12b) ... side surface, 13a ... top surface, 13b ... bottom surface, 16 (16A, 16B) ... first groove, 18, 19 ... vertical drain channel, 17 (17A, 17B, 17C, 17D) ... second groove, 20 ... water stop structure.

Claims

A water stop structure for joints in a masonry configured with a plurality of blocks laid continuously in a top-bottom direction and a right-left direction, wherein
each of the blocks has a width, a height, and a length in an out-of-plane direction, the top-bottom direction, and the right-left direction, respectively, of the masonry, and
the block has a top surface having a first groove extending along a length direction.
The water stop structure according to claim 1, wherein
the block has a vertical drain channel configured to communicate the first groove with a bottom surface of the block,
the vertical drain channel has a lower end opposed to the first groove of another lower adjacent block.
The water stop structure according to claim 2, wherein the vertical drain channel is formed at a vertical joint between the blocks adjacent in the right-left direction.
The water stop structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein
the bottom surface of the block has a second groove extending along the length direction, and
the second groove is opposed to another first groove of another lower adjacent block.
The water stop structure according to claim 2 or 3, wherein
the bottom surface of the block has two second grooves extending along the length direction, and
the lower end of the vertical drain channel is positioned between the two second grooves.
The water stop structure according to claim 2 or 3, wherein
the bottom surface of the block has a second groove extending along the length direction,
one of side surfaces in a width direction of the block forms an exterior wall surface of the masonry, and the other side surface in the width direction of the block forms an interior wall surface of the masonry, and
the second groove is formed between the lower end of the vertical drain channel and the other side surface.