Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
  • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
  • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
  • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
  • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
  • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
  • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
  • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
  • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
  • H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
  • H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
  • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/28—Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
  • H02K15/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies
  • H02K15/03—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies having permanent magnets

Definitions

• the invention relates to an electric machine, in particular an electric motor, having a rotor (1) which has a laminated core (2) of stacked laminations (3) with at least two tangentially extending recesses (4), in each of which at least one permanent magnet (5). is accommodated at least to a large extent and at least one lamination (3) has at least one elastic arm (6) which is arranged between the at least two permanent magnets (5) and abuts against a permanent magnet (5) and this in
• the elastic arms are partially arranged in areas which should have the least possible resistance to the magnetic flux. A change in the geometry to achieve different elasticities would always affect the efficiency. Extension of the spring arms would increase the resistance in the magnetic circuit and reduce efficiency. Even with an extension of the spring arms would be bend them during assembly. Next is to rake with unwanted chip formation due to scraping of the permanent magnet through the sheet edges.
• the object of the present invention is therefore to present an electrical machine in which the assembly and also possible dismantling facilitates, reduces the risk of chip formation, reduces the number of parts, allows easy adaptability to different geometries and operating conditions, and improves efficiency and higher efficiency Power density is achievable.
• the reference signs in the claims have been presented for clarity only as Arabic numerals and without additional letter indices as in the embodiments.
• the reference numerals, e.g. (6) include all lower case letters indexed numerals (6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6e, 6f, 6g).
• area areas means that the elastic arm (6) rests with at least a quarter of its total area on the support area (7.) "Flat areas” but would also apply a smaller area, if the support areas are designed geometrically that the elastic arm (6) rests in at least one area over at least a quarter of its width in the tangential direction on the support area (7). Further, by “between two permanent magnets” in the preamble of claim 1 and claim 19 is meant that the elastic arm extends at least as far into a region between adjacent permanent magnets, that he one of the
• the elastic arm can also be arranged with a clearer proportion in this area or even extend beyond this area.
• axial is meant a normal to the sheet plane, ie a parallel to the rotor axis.
• “Tangential” means a tangent to a circle around the rotor axis in the sheet plane. Since the elastic arm (6) of a lamination (3) axially abuts only a part of its axial surface on a support area (7) of a subsequent lamination (3) and is guided tangentially, it can not be a bending of the resilient arm in the axial direction , so come in the joining direction, resulting in a significantly lower chip formation results. A deflection takes place only in
• the elastic arm deviates tangentially.
• the arms move like a slider between the adjacent sheets. This is facilitated by corners, chamfers or radii, which have the permanent magnets at least at the points of contact with the elastic arms. These corners, chamfers or radii create a tangential force component during the joining process.
• the punching direction should coincide with the joining direction of the permanent magnets, so that the punching burr does not come into contact with the permanent magnet.
• Permanent magnets in a recess, both axial and tangential are plastically deformed in the tangential direction in the mounted state and in this state only have to compensate for changes in length caused by temperature.
• the possible elastic vomfederweg is about twice as large as the maximum expected length compensation.
• the geometric tolerances of the sheet metal section and the permanent magnets can be compensated by the plastic deformation and do not affect the required return spring path after assembly.
• the inventive solution is a tight fit of
• the elastic arm (6) is located on only one part of its axial surface
• Direction support area (7) must remain displaceable, whereby a holding force is generated. In operation, it can happen due to temperature fluctuations that the elastic arm (6) on the support surface (7) moves slightly.
• Tangential direction therefore cover at least the entire tolerance range between maximum size and minimum size and at least one bias
• the scope extends to electrical machines in which not all elastic arms are plastically deformed.
• Deflashing measures burr-free punching or by reducing the sheet thickness can be prevented by pressure forming. Some of these measures can also be integrated in the stamping process.
• the elastic arm (6) In order to achieve a particularly high holding force for the permanent magnet, it is possible for the elastic arm (6) to be guided on one support region (7) of a further lamination (3) of the laminated core (2) and, on the other hand, on another elastic arm (FIG. 6) of an adjacent lamination (3) of the laminated core (2) is applied, so that two or more elastic arms (6) as a package between two support areas (7) second further laminations (3) of the laminated core (2) are guided. That is to say two or more elastic arms abut each other and are in the assembly together or in quick succession from
• support regions (7) are connecting webs between an outer ring (10) and a core region (9).
• This connecting webs (1 1) are already present in this design and do not necessarily have to be geometrically adjusted.
• the support area does not have to be very wide because of the small tangential deflection of the elastic arms, therefore the narrow ones can be used
• Connecting bars are used for this purpose.
• Permanent magnet (5) is applied. This has the consequence that the permanent magnet rests with respect to the axis of rotation not only in the tangential direction, but also in the radial direction at the boundaries of the recess (4). Another possibility is the elastic arm (6) on a side surface of the
• Permanent magnets by a bead or retaining lump emerge by e.g. to get behind an edge of the permanent magnet and produce a sufficiently large distance from the edge as a free space.
• the force exerted by an elastic arm on the permanent magnet is variable by simple geometric changes. Suffice it to free the arm at its root, lengthening it and reducing its strength. At the same time thereby the deflection angle is increased which is possible within the elastic range.
• the recesses (8) should be sized so large be that on the one hand the life of the punching tool is sufficiently large, on the other hand, but as small as possible, so that the least possible loss of efficiency occurs.
• the recesses (8) also contribute to increase the guide surfaces for the elastic arm, whereby the tendency to deform decreases.
• each sheet metal lamination (3) has at least one elastic arm (6) and several potential bearing areas (7).
• laminations (3) lying one behind the other are rotated relative to each other by at least one rotor pole pitch. With a six-pole rotor and one elastic arm per sheet metal lamination would be every sixth recess
• Laminated plate provided with an elastic arm. With two arms per sheet metal lamination then every third lamination sheet would be provided with one arm and with three arms per sheet lamination every second lamination.
• two recesses (4) of a lamination (3), between which the elastic arm (6) is arranged are connected to each other, so that they form a single recess.
• This embodiment increases the elasticity of the magnetic recording, because the outer ring (10) thereby less rigid on
• the laminations (3) are rotationally fixed to each other by means interlocking and aligned with each other exactly. Thereby an unambiguous assignment of the recesses (4) for the permanent magnets (5) is given.
• the elastic arm (6) is preferably at least a quarter of its total area on the support area (7) or the elastic arm (6) is in at least one area over at least a quarter of its width in
• the elastic arm (6) with at least one third of its total area
• Supporting region (7) rests or that the elastic arm (6) in at least one area over at least one third of its width in the tangential direction
• Supporting area (7) rests.
• the elasticity of the elastic arm (6) is designed so that the moment to its deflection is significantly lower than a bending moment, which would lead to a deformation of the elastic arm (6).
• the bending moment is determined by the degree with which the elastic arm (6) free in the recess
• the non-adjacent area of the elastic arm (6) has a smaller area between the permanent magnet (5) and the adjacent area than the adjacent area and / or the tangential width of the non-abutting portion of the elastic arm (6) between the permanent magnet
• the guide surface is larger than the possible deformation surface.
• the laminated cores are rotatably aligned with each other by intermeshing means and exactly aligned with each other.
• a stamped packetization method is used in this case by means of which also a firm connection of the laminations
• FIG. 1 is an axial view of a rotor of a first embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 3 shows a further enlarged detail B of FIG. 1,
• FIG. 1 1 b an advantageous development of Fig. 1 1 a, 1 1 c is a variant of the elastic arm according to Figures 1, 2, 3 and 5,
• FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 5 shows a second variant of the elastic arm according to FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 5,
• FIG. 13 is a mounted rotor according to the second variant of Fig. 12,
• Fig. 15 shows a third variant of a rotor of the second embodiment
• Fig. 1 shows an axial view of the rotor 1a of an electric machine according to the invention, consisting of a laminated core 2a of stacked laminations 3a with recesses 4a for permanent magnets 5 received therein, wherein the laminations 3a have elastic arms 6a, to which recesses 8a connect.
• the elastic arms 6a are provided with a core portion 9a of FIG.
• Laminated core 2a in one piece.
• the laminations 3a include in the example shown three at an angle of 1 20 ° spaced elastic arms 6a and three connecting webs 1 1 a, which are arranged alternately with the elastic arms 6a and with an outer ring 10a and the core portion 9a are integral.
• a second lamination is partially visible. This is rotated by 60 ° with respect to the first lamella. In the second lamination, substantially parts of the elastic arms 6a and the webs 11a are recognizable.
• FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail from FIG. 1. It can clearly be seen that the resilient arm 6a is axially supported on a support area 7a axially and guided tangentially. Only a small part (area 16a) of the entire elastic arm 6a projects freely into the recess 4a. Due to the large guide surface of the elastic arm 6a when joining the permanent magnet 5 only tangentially Dodge, because the tangential evasive forces are significantly lower than
• the elastic arm 6a acts on a rounded edge of a
• Permanent magnet 5 so on this one that it is both tangentially and radially pressed against the boundary of the recess 4a and resiliently acted upon.
• the length of the elastic arms can be increased or decreased and thus the deflection force can be varied as required.
• FIG. 3 shows a further enlarged detail from FIG. 1. Therein, an area rotated by 60 ° with respect to FIG. 2 can be seen more clearly. There is one
• Fig. 4 shows an axial view of a lamination 3b without elastic arms.
• This sheet metal section can also be combined with the other sheet metal section to extend it, without increasing the joining force for the permanent magnets.
• the lamination 3b has a core portion 9b, recesses 4b, a ring 10b and webs 1 1 b.
• Fig. 5 shows an axial view of a lamination 3a with the elastic arms 6a.
• the elastic arms 6a alternate with the webs 11a, which serve as connecting regions between the outer ring 10a and the core region 9a. It is possible to achieve the guide function according to the invention with a single sheet metal section by the successive sheets is rotated in each case by one pole pitch to the previous one. As a result, the elastic arms 6a are each arranged between two webs 1 1 a and guided by this. However, if the joining forces for the magnets are to be reduced, it is also possible to insert additional sheets according to FIG. 4, which are formed without elastic arms and therefore do not contribute to the holding force for the magnets.
• the recesses 8a are dimensioned so that they deflect the resilient Allow arms 6a, but as small as possible, so that as little stray flux as possible.
• the resilient arm 6b shown a laminated core 2b is not parallel to the connecting web 1 1 b, but approximately parallel to a side surface of a permanent magnet to be fixed 5.
• the resilient arms are larger area at the respective
• Permanent magnets 5 and the recesses 8b and 8b ' are shaped differently.
• FIG. 7 shows a second variant of the first embodiment.
• the resilient arm 6c of a laminated core 2c is arranged parallel to the connecting web 11c, but is made narrower. This reduces the bending forces.
• different recesses 8c and 8c 'result are used.
• the magnets 5 can be easier to add.
• Fig. 8 illustrates a second embodiment of the invention.
• the resilient arms do not go from the core portion 9d of the laminations 2d, but from the outer ring 10d. They extend from outside to inside. Since in the example shown only three connecting webs 1 1 d are present, the outer ring 10d is inherently more elastic than the core portion 9d. This also has an effect on the elasticity of the resilient arms 6d. The permanent magnets can thereby be mounted easier.
• Fig. 9 shows an axial view of a mounted rotor 1 d according to the second embodiment, with the laminations 3d, the resilient arms 6d, the
• FIG. 10 shows a section C of FIG. 9 more clearly.
• the resilient arm 6d is not connected to the core portion 9d and can therefore adapt to the dimensions of the
• the resilient arm 6d tapers towards its free end. An area 16d of the resilient arm 6d is not located at the support area 7d. The non-resting area 16d is significantly smaller than the support area 7d. This prevents deformation during the joining process.
• Fig. 1 1 a is indicated in a first variant of the second embodiment, that the elastic arm 6e may be narrower to allow a lighter deflection during assembly of the permanent magnets 5.
• the support surface is reduced whereby the arm is not as well managed as in the embodiment in Fig. 1 0.
• the elastic arm can also with additional
• Fig. 1 1 a An advantageous development of Fig.1 1 a is shown in Fig. 1 1 b.
• the end of the elastic arm 6e ' is widened by a guide lug 14, so that a better guidance is given in the assembly of the permanent magnet 5.
• this guide surface should be at least a quarter of the width of the elastic arm in the tangential direction. The bigger the
• FIG. 1 1 c a variant of the elastic arm according to FIGS. 1 to 3 and 5 is shown. By widening the elastic arm 6h to
• FIG. 11d shows a second variant of the elastic arm according to FIGS. 1 to 3 and 5, wherein the free end of the elastic arm 6k is provided with a retaining lug 15.
• This retaining lug 1 5 serves to change the point of application of the elastic arm 6 k on the permanent magnet and / or to establish a clearance between the elastic arm 6 k and the permanent magnet.
• the elastic arm 6k from the core portion 9k to the retaining lug 15 is constantly wide.
• These variants and further embodiments can also be partially combined with each other to achieve the desired properties.
• Another possibility to improve the guide is shown in FIG. 12.
• a lamination 3f is shown with elastic arms 6f, which are inclined at about 30 to 45 ° with respect to a radial direction. As a result, a large-area guidance is also given under different deflection angles of the elastic arms 6f. Further increases their length and thus their
• the elastic arms separate two areas, which as
• Recesses 4f serve for the permanent magnets. Also in this example three elastic arms 6f and three radial ribs 11f are provided, this being only an example. The number of elastic arms and webs depends on the number of poles and / or the number of permanent magnets.
• FIG. 13 shows a rotor 1 f mounted with permanent magnets 5 according to the second variant from FIG. 12.
• FIG. 13 shows a rotor 1 f mounted with permanent magnets 5 according to the second variant from FIG. 12.
• laminations are a variety of laminations
• FIG. 14 shows an enlarged section D of FIG. 13.
• the support areas serve as
• the elastic arms 6f extend from an externa ßeren ring 10f inwards, here obliquely.
• the ends of the elastic arms 6f are not connected to a core portion 9f and are free to deflect, touching a rounded edge of a permanent magnet 5 and urging it in a tangential direction against webs 11f (see FIG. 13).
• the elastic arms can be adapted to different geometries and requirements by being provided with cranks, bulges, constrictions, widening or tapered areas.
• a major advantage of this embodiment is also that there is sufficient space between the tangentially opposed permanent magnets 5, which is usable for the different design and arrangement of the elastic arms 6f.
• FIG. 15 shows a third variant of a laminated core 2g of the second embodiment, wherein the elastic arms 6g are inclined relative to a radial, as in FIGS. 12 to 14.
• FIGS. 12 to 14 is a section of one
• Sheet package 2g shown which consists of three different sheet metal sections or of two different sheet metal sections, wherein a sheet metal section type is rotated by 1 80 ° alternately about a straight line in the sheet section plane.
• a lamination type has no elastic arms 6g but only webs 1 1 g.
• the elastic arms 6g are shorter here than in the figures 12 to 14, whereby they rest with their ends against side surfaces of the permanent magnets 5.
• Die beiden Enden der Permanentmagnete 6, 5b Sind in Fig. 1 disclose.
• the elastic arms go 6g of an externa ßeren ring 10g and are not connected to a core portion 9g.
• the differently inclined elastic arms 6g abut each other over bearing areas 7g over a large area.
• the portions 16g of the elastic arms 6g do not contact a support portion 7g.
• Embodiment are the permanent magnets 5 at both tangential ends only on elastic arms 6g and not as in the previous examples on webs 1 1 g. As a result, an even better tolerance compensation is possible.
• FIG. 16 shows a view, rotated by 90 °, of the rotor 1 f from FIG. 1 3, in which the laminated core 2 f is mounted on a shaft 13.
• Permanent magneta 6b, 6c, 6d, 6e, 6e ', 6f, 6g, 6h, 6i, 6k arm

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
• Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

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• 2013
  • 2013-08-09 DE DE102013215812.2A patent/DE102013215812A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2014
  • 2014-06-05 CN CN201480044698.5A patent/CN105474513B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2014-06-05 EP EP14744450.9A patent/EP3031130A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2014-06-05 WO PCT/DE2014/200246 patent/WO2015018402A2/de active Application Filing
  • 2014-06-05 MX MX2015016816A patent/MX346151B/es active IP Right Grant
• 2016
  • 2016-02-05 US US15/017,036 patent/US9705368B2/en active Active

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