EP3030817B1 - Système d'actionneur de soupape linéaire et procédé de commande d'actionnement de soupape - Google Patents
Système d'actionneur de soupape linéaire et procédé de commande d'actionnement de soupape Download PDFInfo
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- EP3030817B1 EP3030817B1 EP14834447.6A EP14834447A EP3030817B1 EP 3030817 B1 EP3030817 B1 EP 3030817B1 EP 14834447 A EP14834447 A EP 14834447A EP 3030817 B1 EP3030817 B1 EP 3030817B1
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- valve
- stem
- valve member
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
- F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to valve actuation systems, and more particularly, to linear motor actuated valve trains, and control systems therefore, for internal combustion engines and other applications.
- Fossil fuels currently power the majority of modern internal combustion engines (ICEs). But hydro carbon fuels derived from petroleum and other stocks are a scarce resource and the extensive use of such fuels in automobiles is believed by many persons to contribute to undesirable climate change due to the byproducts of combustion. Therefore, there is tremendous pressure to increase the efficiency of the modern internal combustion engine. The demand for increased efficiency is also driven by government quotas, mandates and taxes regarding fuel consumption and CO 2 emissions. And this is occurring simultaneously with increasing demands to enhance safety of automobiles, which often increases weight to the detriment of efficiency.
- ICEs internal combustion engines
- the intake and exhaust valves (also referred to as poppet valves) of an ICE have been actuated by one or more camshafts which are mechanically driven from the ICE crankshaft at half engine speed, thereby operating the valves in synchronism with the ICE rotation, and in a fixed phase with one another. It is also known to substitute rotary valves for poppet valves, again mechanically driving the valves from the crankshaft and rigidly slaving the valve operation to ICE crankshaft rotation.
- camshaft profile defines timing of the valve open/close movements.
- Camshaft design is an exercise in tradeoffs because a given camshaft profile can only be optimized for a very narrow range of crankshaft speeds (measured in rotations per minute (RPMs)). Thus compromises must be made to facilitate easy starting and operation over a broad range of speeds, and these compromises decrease the overall efficiency of the ICE and require great complexity.
- the mechanical camshaft has a fixed amount of valve movement (lift) and time that the valve is open (degrees of duration).
- the opening times and closing times of the valves are also rigidly fixed by the mechanical drive systems and camshaft profile. Adding additional camshafts and valves allows optimizing one camshaft/valve system for low speed and the other for high speed, but this still has to be compromised in order to allow easy starting and a broad range of operating speeds.
- camshaft(s) may be rotationally advanced and/or retarded with respect to the crankshaft rotational position by various means such as hydraulically bidirectionally rotating the drive mechanism of the camshaft. This is referred to as "phasing" the cam. Phasing facilitates operation of the ICE at various times, temperatures, conditions, loads and altitudes. As is also well known, this form of making adjustments to engine timing may be enhanced further by adjusting valve lift in a variety of ways. However, such systems suffer from heightened complexity. For example, the manufacturing precision required of all of the many parts is heightened, which adds cost and points of failure.
- valve timing, valve duration and valve lift are fixed. These parameters can only be changed slightly and such change requires expensive and complex technology.
- US Patent No. 4,009,695 discloses a Programmed Valve System for Internal Combustion Engine.
- This patent teaches a means for valve operation independent of crankshaft position, but suffers from problems inherent to hydraulic operation of the valves.
- operation of the valves involves cycling the valve from open to closed in an uncontrolled manner. Such operation is particularly damaging to the valve and valve seat upon the valve closing.
- the length of stroke of the hydraulic movement i.e., valve lift
- US Patent No. 6,736,092 discloses an internal-combustion engine equipped with an electronically controlled hydraulic system for variable actuation of the inlet and/or exhaust valves of the engine.
- this patent teaches the use of a standard camshaft that is mechanically slaved to the crankshaft of an ICE, but with the additional disposition of an electronically controlled hydraulic lifter between the camshaft and the valve.
- an electronically controlled hydraulic lifter between the camshaft and the valve.
- the opening and closing time of the valve and the lift of the valve can be controlled to some extent.
- this arrangement is limited to the operation of the mechanically slaved camshaft and, for instance, cannot command a valve to open at maximum lift for a long duration, or at a different time than the camshaft scheduled opening time.
- US Patent No. 5,572,961 discloses a Balancing Valve Motion in an ElectroHydraulic Camless Valvetrain. This patent teaches a minimization of hydraulic valve controls for the ICE valves and operation of an ICE using hydraulically operated ICE valves. High hydraulic pressure is used to push the valve in one direction while low hydraulic pressure combined with a balancing spring to cushion and stop the ICE valve movement. The multiple hydraulic valve controls per ICE valve, balancing springs and multiple hydraulic pressures add significant complexity to the system however. Further, it is difficult to control the ICE valve lift variations with this system.
- US Patent No. 6,729,279 discloses an Apparatus for Controlling at Least One Engine Valve in a Combustion Engine.
- This patent teaches hydraulically operated valves in the ICE as controlled by a control system. It is taught that an upper chamber should be charged with fluid to close the ICE valve and a lower chamber should be charged to lift the valve.
- One drawback with this mode of moving an ICE valve is that the hydraulic fluid control valves can only be in open or closed states.
- a "throttle" valve may be disposed in the hydraulic line to adjust the total movement (lift) and movement speed of the ICE valve, as the ICE valve moves from open to closed and vice versa.
- This patent also addresses the need for dampening of hydraulically operated ICE valves by utilizing a complex means to attempt to achieve such dampening.
- US Patent, No. 4,794,890 discloses an Electromagnetic Valve Actuator.
- This patent teaches the use of a bi-stable electromechanical transducer to move the valves in an ICE.
- the patent teaches the need for some form of dampening at the end of either transition (open or closed) of the valves.
- Both mechanical springs and a fluid shock absorber as damper are disclosed as dampening means. While this invention controls ICE valve opening and duration, it has no provision for variable lift which is preferable to facilitate easy starting, idling and low speed operation.
- the dampening techniques proposed by this invention are also complex and raise reliability concerns.
- US Patent No. 6,247,431 discloses an Electromagnetic Valve Actuating Apparatus for Internal Combustion Engine. This patent teaches the use of two solenoids formed on the ICE valve stem, one to open and one to close the valve. Additionally, springs on the valve hold the valve in a nominally closed position. The springs will serve to minimally cushion the opening of the valve and no other dampening or cushioning means is provided for valve closing. As a result, reliability of the disclosed system is suspect. Also, no provision is provided for variable lift adjustment of the valve.
- US Patent No. 7,225,770 discloses an Electromagnetic Actuator Having Inherently Decelerating Actuation Between Limits. This patent attempts to solve the drawbacks of conventional valve actuation systems with yet another configuration of a solenoid system, albeit with coils, armatures and mechanical springs. The configuration and locations of the coils and armatures, the addition of ICE valve position sensing, and coil current control are an improvement over previous attempts to prevent valve destruction. However, reliability remains a concern and, again, no means are provided to adjust valve lift.
- US Patent 5,983,847 and US Patent 6,293,303 each disclose the use of moving coils to actuate valves.
- the movement of the coil and its significant support structure and attachment hardware requires an undesirably large coil size and powerful electrical drive system.
- the corresponding mass, size, excessive drive forces needed, and complexity of the drive system makes such an arrangement impractical, unaffordable and unreliable for many applications such as modern ICEs.
- US 2003/168030 A1 discloses a valve driving apparatus.
- US 2012/167849 A1 discloses an engine emissions control system green engine development.
- US 8 056 541 B1 discloses an internal combustion engine having an electric solenoid poppet valve and air/fuel injector.
- US 2002/145124 A1 discloses electromagnetic valve motion control.
- the present disclosure addresses certain deficiencies discussed above by providing for a device, method and system of actuating valves using a linear motor comprising a stationary coil and a translating valve stem to variably control the movement of a valve with a high degree of accuracy and speed. Both velocity and position of the valve can be constantly varied from stroke to stroke and during a single stroke, if desired.
- the device and system can be implemented in a relatively small sized package.
- the valve's movement can be controlled by an electronic valve control (EVC) computer.
- EMC electronic valve control
- a plurality of sensors provide feedback to the computer, which actuates the valve based upon the sensor inputs and logic programmed in the non-transitive memory of the computer.
- the system comprises a stationary coil linear motor to drive a valve with a stem comprising a ferromagnetic property.
- the linear motor moves the valve in response to control governed by the computer.
- the valve is movable between a closed position at a selectable rate of both acceleration and speed for a selectable distance ("lift") to a second selectable open position, including all position variations between the fully open and fully closed states.
- Valve position, velocity and acceleration can be varied both during a valve stroke and from one stroke to the next.
- the invention relates to a linear actuated electromagnetic valve assembly according to independent claim 1 and to a control method for a linear actuated electromagnetic valve assembly according to independent claim 6.
- linear motor valve actuation assembly and system of the present invention can be configured to operate any piston-type valve.
- valve systems can be employed in process flow control and medical applications, automated fluid filling of vessels and blood pumping, and the like.
- ICSs internal combustion engines
- Another particularly advantageous application is valve actuation for internal combustion engines (ICSs), including both Otto cycle and Diesel cycle engines and variants thereof ( e.g., Miller cycle).
- the lift, duration and timing of the individual valves in the ICE can be adjusted independently from the crankshaft rotational speed and independent from the actuation of any of the other valves.
- an engine with dual intake and/or dual exhaust valves for each cylinder can have each member of the pair of valves open and close with different timing, duration and lift to achieve desired combustion and exhaust characteristics throughout the entire operational speed range of the engine.
- the valve opening/closing operations can also be controllably dampened to enhance reliability.
- the assembly and system is also relatively simple, lightweight and low cost compared to prior attempts at improved valve actuation systems as discussed herein.
- the spatial envelope is approximately four inches long and 1.5 inches in diameter. However, other package sizes can be employed without departing from the scope of the invention.
- an electronic control device such as an electronic valve control (EVC) in ICE applications controls the timing and movement of the valves based upon logic resident in the memory of the control device.
- Input variables can be provided to the control device to provide for complex motion control suited to a wide variety of conditions, such as those that would occur in duty cycles of ICEs.
- the acts, modules, logic and method steps discussed herein below, may take the form of a computer program or software code stored on a tangible or non-transitive machine-readable medium (or memory) in communication with a control device, comprising a processor and memory, which executes the code to perform the described behavior, function, features and methods. It will be recognized by one skilled in the art that these operations, structural devices, acts, logic, method steps and modules may be implemented in software, in firmware, in special purpose digital logic, and any combination thereof without deviating from the spirit and scope of the present invention as recited within the claims attached hereto.
- the valve 102 is a poppet-style valve. It includes a valve head 104 and a stem 106 extending upwardly from the head. These valve portions 104 and 106 are generally, but need not be, integral as a single piece.
- the stem 106 can be solid or hollow so that is can be filled with another material, such as sodium, to enhance heat transfer.
- the valve 102 comprises, at least in part, a ferromagnetic material so that it can be actuated magnetically in response to the applied field of the magnetic coil.
- Magnetic alloys have been developed that possess Curie Temperatures suitable for the temperatures encountered by valves in ICEs.
- valve train variables can be modified without departing from the scope of the invention, including the length of the valve stem, diameter of the valve head, and magnetic coil size and density.
- the head 104 is shaped to conform to the valve seat of the head of the ICE so that it seals the corresponding port into the combustion chamber.
- a valve guide 108 in the head of the ICE engages the stem to direct and restrain the movement of the valve.
- the valve guide shown in the figures represents the cylinder head that the valve fits into, which is removed for clarity.
- a lower bearing 110 is disclosed above the valve guide.
- the lower bearing 110 surrounds the stem 106 and further guides the movement of the valve by preventing lateral movement of the stem 106.
- An upper bearing 112 is disposed more distally up the valve shaft and is configured and functions in the same manner as the lower bearing. Together, the bearings virtually eliminate any lateral movements of the valve and may restrict rotational movement, if desired, as the valve controllably oscillates linearly along the longitudinal axis of the stem as indicated by the arrow on FIG. 1 .
- a rigid and stationary coil assembly 114 is disposed between the lower 110 and upper 112 bearings.
- the coil assembly 114 comprises a plurality of wire (e.g., copper) windings 115 that surround the stem 106 of the valve.
- the coil e.g., voice coil
- the wire that comprises the coil can be encased in epoxy in order to maintain the coil in the desired shape and prevent contamination and oxidization.
- An air gap 119 is defined between the valve and the inner surface of the coil assembly 114.
- a direct current (DC) voltage causes the valve stem 106 to linearly translate in one direction or the other depending on the polarity of the applied voltage. Reversing the polarity reverses the direction of movement. Also, the current and voltage values applied to the coil can be varied. Thus, the position, velocity and acceleration of the valve can be highly varied by adjusting the voltage, current and polarity inputs to the coil. The computer can vary these inputs to achieve any desired movement characteristic of the valve.
- DC direct current
- the closed position is defined where the valve head is extended downward to seat and close the respective intake/exhaust port in the head.
- the open position is defined where the valve head is at its most distant point of travel from the port in the head. Any number of intermediate positions between these end positions can also be achieved with immediate precision by operation of the coil assembly as disclosed herein.
- the coil assembly can be selectably energized in order to move the valve at selected times, with selected distances, with selected velocities and with selected acceleration curves, all as determined by the computer controlling the coil's operation.
- valve assembly as discussed herein is advantageous because the drawbacks of traditional cam-operated drive mechanisms are eliminated. For example, weight, packaging and complexity are reduced. Reliability is greatly increased because wear components are eliminated.
- the increased control and adjustability of the valve operation allows the engine to be simultaneously optimized for emissions, idle, torque and horsepower through the entire range of possible driving conditions and duty cycles.
- the present invention allows for operation through a full range of engine speeds and is able to operate with a realistic drive force and does not add the coil mass to the reciprocating mass.
- the valve drive system disclosed herein provides constant force over the full valve stroke. Strokes can be small with very fast response times (e.g., less than one millisecond). This valve actuation system operates at very high speeds without cogging or force ripple with infinite resolution, which separates this total design from other variable cam timing attempts. Variable cam timing only changes the timing not the stroke.
- the present invention accomplishes both with infinite settings based upon closed loop operation. Closed loop operation couples the linear motor drive with feedback sensors to supply information to the computer, which adjusts the valve actuation parameters according to the rules-based logic programmed into the memory of the computer. Closed loop mode operation need not apply to all embodiments however.
- a valve position sensor 116 is disposed along the stem 106 of the valve, such as between the coil assembly 114 and the upper bearing 112.
- the valve position sensor supplies valve position information to the computer.
- the position data can be used to calculate the velocity and acceleration of the valve as may be desired by the logic of the computer. More particularly, the valve position information can be used to calculate the following parameters of operation: 1. Stroke in inches from closed to opened position; 2. Velocity in inches per second from closed to opened position; 3. Acceleration in inches per second squared from closed to opened position; 4. Duration in seconds to hold valve open; 5. Stroke in inches from opened to closed position from origin; 6. Velocity in inches per second from opened to closed position; 7. Acceleration in inches per second squared from opened to closed position; and 8. Duration in seconds to hold valve closed and open. Other operational parameters and units of measurement can also be calculated without deviating from the scope of the present invention.
- the acceleration of the valve can be approximately 320 ft/s 2 (98.1 m/s 2 ).
- the travel of the valve (stroke) can be approximately 0.5 inches (12.7 mm) maximum, and the valve can be approximately 300 inches per second (7.62 m/s). And the resulting the time to complete one stroke is approximately 20-30 milliseconds.
- other operating parameters can be utilized without departing from the scope of the invention.
- the components of the valve assembly 100 are secured to a housing bracket 118.
- the housing bracket also includes a mounting flange 120 (as shown in FIGS. 2-11 ), to secure the valve assembly to the head of the ICE.
- the mounting bracket can be configured as necessary to permit secure mounting of the valve system in the desired position and orientation.
- the mounting bracket can be eliminated entirely.
- a mounting flange or mounting means can be disposed on the outer surface of the housing 117.
- valve assembly 100 various views of the valve assembly 100 are shown for an ICE valve assembly comprising a single valve.
- the valve stem 106 can be seen protruding above the upper bearing 112.
- the valve head 104 can also be seen extending below the valve guide 108.
- the lower bearing 110 can be seen above the valve guide 108.
- the coil assembly 114 is shown disposed between the bearings 110 and 112.
- the position sensor 116 is disposed under the upper bearing 112 so that it can "see" the stem 106 of the valve.
- the housing bracket 118 includes a horizontal section 122 disposed between the upper bearing 112 and the coil assembly 114, and specifically, between the position sensor 116 and coil assembly.
- the horizontal section 122 includes a generally centrally located aperture through which the valve stem 106 can pass.
- the bracket 118 further includes a vertical section 124 spanning the approximate length of the coil assembly.
- An outwardly extending mounting flange 120 is disposed at the lower end of the vertical section 124.
- the flange 120 further includes an aperture 126 to facilitate securing of the valve assembly to the head of the ICE.
- the various valve assembly components are secured to the bracket 118, either directly or indirectly.
- the valve assembly can comprise more than one individual valve. Two, three, four or more valves may be joined in a single assembly. For example, a dual valve assembly is shown in FIGS. 7-11 . The components are the same as previously discussed and as labeled in the figures. However, a single bracket 118 now secures the valve components together. Each valve continues to include its own coils, thus permitting independent actuation and control by the computer. Each valve also has its own corresponding position sensor 116.
- the mounting flange 120 includes a plurality of fastening apertures 126 to securely mount the assembly to the head of the ICE.
- valve stem 106 is generally T-shaped such that it includes a horizontal member 107 disposed at the end opposite the head 104.
- a fixed or stationary end coil 113 is disposed adjacent to the horizontal member 107.
- the combination of the end coil 113 and side coils 114 (similar to the previously-described embodiment) acting on the T-shaped stem 107 provides greater force for more applications where more force is required.
- Bearings (not shown) can also be included as provided in the previous figures.
- the output of the position sensor 116 (noted as LVA position sensor) is connected to an input/output module 128.
- the input/output module is a bidirectional signal conditioner and converter from USB format to serial format.
- the input/output module 128 converts the position sensor information to a signal that is supplied to the computer 130 where it is used to evaluate control operations for the valves.
- the computer 130 comprises a processor and non-transitive tangible memory.
- the computer is electrically connected to both the position sensor 116 and the coil assembly 114.
- the connection to the position sensor 116 powers the sensor.
- the computer also selectively powers the coil 114 according to the rules-based software code resident in the computer's memory.
- the computer selectively energizes the coil assembly 114 to cause the valve 102 to move to a specific position at a specific time, with a specific speed and acceleration.
- Each of these parameters can be controlled independently for each valve and can also be altered during a single stroke and from one stroke to the next.
- the valve can be controllably slowed down (decelerated) just before it reaches the valve seat so that it does not slam into the seat with a great force, which would be inefficient and might damage the valve.
- This cushioning feature extends the life of the engine compared to conventional valve assemblies that do not dampen the valve's movement.
- the dampening can be supplied without the need for additional springs or other means to dampen the valve. This reduces weight, complexity and the overall cost of the valve train.
- the "application” noted in FIG. 13 is an ICE.
- the number of valve assemblies can be varied depending on the number of cylinders present in the engine and the number of valves per cylinder employed, without departing from the scope of the invention.
- most modern engines have two intake valves and two exhaust valves per cylinder.
- FIG. 14 adds additional details to the block diagram of FIG. 13 in order to illustrate the comprehensive control of engine parameters by the computer.
- each of the intake and exhaust valves are controlled by the linear motors as discussed herein.
- Each valve 102 again includes its own valve position sensor 116.
- the sensors 116 and valve actuators are each connected to the computer 130 as discussed previously.
- the computer 130 is additionally operatively connected to the fuel injectors 132 and the spark plug ignition system 134.
- the computer can effectively control the entire combustion event in each cylinder (e.g., air intake, fuel injection, spark and exhaust).
- the valve position information is again collected by an input interface module 128.
- This module can also receive information from additional sensors (collectively 136) disposed throughout the ICE, including for example: crank shaft TDC, exhaust gas temperature; oxygen ratios; mass air flow; throttle position; barometric pressure; ambient temperature; fuel injector volume and timing; and spark.
- This information is utilized by the rules-based control logic resident in the computer 130 to control the characteristics of the valve movement, spark and fuel injection in order to accomplish certain goals, such as efficiency, and power output for a given set of circumstances determined from the information collected by the various sensors noted above.
- This rules-based approach is far more customizable and adaptable than the more conventional tables-based approach to adjusting parameters in conventional ICEs.
- the resulting outputs are also far more exact since calculations are performed in real time using real parameters, rather than through predetermined lookup table values.
- FIG. 15 is a flow chart of the software program logic for a linear valve actuator system, according to certain example embodiments. This can be used by a manufacturer to alter vehicle operating parameters though a graphical user interface in operative communication with the control system during initial design and programming.
- a diagnostic application 200 is first initiated. The application renders on a graphical user interface 202 for the user to interact with. The application presents a plurality of buttons and gauges to the user 204, including start, throttle adjust and digital readouts of key operating parameters, such as engine RPM. A plurality of background processes are also begun upon starting the diagnostic application 206, including initializing the database and performing updates of the sensor receivers.
- a sensor hardware interface device 208 is provided. It collects the sensor data 210 and converts it to the appropriate format for use by the processor when executing the program logic.
- the firing sequence program is launched 214 and the diagnostic application display update is looped 216.
- Signals from the sensors are received 218 at the network interface or via the serial bus.
- signals are received from running programs to do units of work 220.
- Each of process steps 214, 216, 218 and 220 are individually queued in respective processor queues 215, 217, 219 and 221.
- the firing sequence logic 214 runs via the queue 215 on the processor as managed by the operating system logic 222.
- the operating system logic further interfaces with the database 224 as necessary.
- the valve connector hardware 226 receives the firing sequence data 222 and then can relay valve control signals to the valve actuation means, such as that described herein.
- the diagnostic application display update loop logic executes 228 via queue 217 on the processor as managed by the operating system.
- sensor updates are passed to the database 224, as for example SQL statements, to update values in the data table.
- ad-hoc utilities and spawned processes are managed 232.
- the use of the diagnostic application will result in the development of final, production algorithms and look-up tables that are stored in the memory of the computer.
- the diagnostic application is used for development systems. Production systems hide the diagnostic application and operate automatically.
- the diagnostic application can be provided to or made accessible to service technicians with compatible scan tools.
- valve timing sequence data is read 300 and inputted into a closed control loop 302.
- the control loop includes commands to open the valve to a prescribed length or height 304, and a command to close the valve 306. If the open valve command 304 is given to the valve actuator, the open sequence 308 is followed by the actuator. If the close valve command 306 is given to the valve actuator, the close sequence 310 is followed by the actuator.
- the controller energizes the coil with controlled first voltage to cause the valve armature (stem 106) to move in a direction away from the valve seat 312.
- the valve thus accelerates at an initial rate 314.
- the computer or controller energizes the coil with a voltage having an opposite polarity 316 to cause deceleration of the valve until the valve stops at a prescribed open position (stroke depth).
- the controller or computer then energizes the coil to hold the valve in place until receiving a close signal 318.
- the controller energizes the coil with a first controlled voltage to accelerate the valve toward the closed position at a first rate of acceleration 320.
- the controller energizes the coil with a second voltage having an opposite polarity to cause the valve to decelerate to zero at a position just above the valve seat 322.
- the controller then energizes the coil with a third voltage to softly seat the valve against its seat and hold the valve in the seated position 324.
- the soft seating step 324 can be eliminated and the deceleration step 322 can be used to fully seat the valve, at which time the voltage polarity is switched to hold the valve in the closed position until a open command is received.
- FIG. 17 provides a diagram of portions of the valve actuation process flow from the perspective of several components of an ICE management system, including the valve timing sequence program of the computer, the coil actuator, the sensors, memory and the engine efficiency module (which may be software stored in memory of the computer).
- the timing sequence program includes the previously-described steps of reading the timing sequence data 300, entering the closed loop sequence 302 to command the valve to open 304, as well as commanding the valve to close 306.
- the coil actuator logic operation includes the previously-described steps of the open sequence 308, holding the valve open 318, the close sequence 310 and holding the valve closed 324.
- the plurality of sensors 326 (including throttle position, throttle air bypass, engine coolant temperature, exhaust gas oxygen level, airflow meter, knock sensors barometric sensors ignition pickup, ignition module, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) shutoff, fuel injectors, clutch, vehicle load, etc.) send their respective data to the sensor memory area 328 of the memory module 330 of the computer.
- the firing sequence data 332 is also stored in memory 330.
- An engine efficiency module 334 or logic is also included in the computer or as part of a stand-alone module.
- This module can be formed as executable software code programmed in non-transitive memory that can be read and executed by a processor included in the computer.
- the engine efficiency module 334 includes the steps of reading from memory 336 some or all of the sensor data and the firing sequence data. Patterns in the retrieved data are identified and the firing sequence data are updated in the memory area 332 according to the data retrieval and pattern match step 336.
- the module 334 then ends 340 until woken up 342 periodically.
- the periodic wakeup signal can be provided by a timer responding to a set time period (e.g., several times per second) or every several revolutions of the crankshaft or every several clock cycles of the computer's processor.
- a set time period e.g., several times per second
- every several revolutions of the crankshaft or every several clock cycles of the computer's processor e.g., a set time period (e.g., several times per second) or every several revolutions of the crankshaft or every several clock cycles of the computer's processor.
- valve position, velocity and acceleration can be varied both during a valve stroke and from one stroke to the next, as controlled by the logic programmed on a non-transitive memory of the electronic valve control computer.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
- Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
- Lift Valve (AREA)
Claims (9)
- Ensemble soupape électromagnétique actionné linéairement, comprenant :
un logement (117) comportant une ouverture de débattement définie le long d'un axe longitudinal au sein du logement, comportant :un élément de soupape (102) comportant une tige (106) et une partie de tête distale (104), au moins la tige comportant un matériau ferromagnétique ;un capteur de position de soupape (116) disposé le long de la tige de la soupape et fournissant des informations de position de soupape ;un ensemble bobine fixe (114) comportant une pluralité d'enroulements de fil (115) entourant une périphérie d'au moins une partie de la longueur de la tige de l'élément de soupape et formant un entrefer (119) entre les enroulements et une partie périphérie d'au moins une partie de la tige de l'élément de soupape ; etune entrée de source d'alimentation en communication fonctionnelle avec l'ensemble bobine fixe (114) de telle sorte que l'application sélective d'un courant à l'ensemble bobine fixe (114) actionne électromagnétiquement la tige de soupape et amène celle-ci à se déplacer linéairement le long de l'ouverture de débattement du logement entre la position ouverte sélectionnable et une position fermée de la partie de tête ;un ordinateur de commande de soupape électronique (130) en communication fonctionnelle avec la source d'alimentation et connecté électriquement à la fois au capteur de position (116) et à l'ensemble bobine fixe (114), le capteur de position de soupape (116) fournissant des informations de position de soupape à l'ordinateur, l'ordinateur de commande comportant un processeur et une mémoire non transitive, dans lequel un programme est mémorisé dans la mémoire, de telle sorte que l'ordinateur excite sélectivement l'ensemble bobine fixe (114) pour amener la soupape (102) à se déplacer jusqu'à une position spécifique à un instant spécifique, à des vitesse et accélération spécifiques, les position, vélocité et accélération de la soupape étant variables à la fois durant une course de soupape et d'une course à la suivante ;un palier inférieur (110) et un palier supérieur (112) adaptés pour empêcher la tige d'osciller durant sa traversée à l'intérieur de l'ouverture de débattement, un guide de soupape (108), la tige de soupape (106) dépassant au-dessus du palier supérieur (112), la tête de soupape (104) s'étendant en-dessous du guide de soupape (108), le palier inférieur (110) étant situé au-dessus du guide de soupape (108), l'ensemble bobine fixe (114) étant disposé entre les paliers (110, 112), le capteur de position de soupape étant disposé entre l'ensemble bobine fixe (114) et le palier supérieur (112). - Ensemble selon la revendication 1 dans lequel le logement est configuré pour être fourni dans une partie de tête d'un moteur à combustion interne et facultativement dans lequel la partie de tête distale est adaptée pour se sceller sélectivement avec la partie de tête.
- Ensemble selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la tige de l'élément de soupape est généralement creuse ou la tige de l'élément de soupape est généralement pleine.
- Ensemble selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le programme permet en outre au processeur de commander une polarité de tension sélective afin de commander le sens de traversée de la tige de l'élément de soupape.
- Système selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le programme permet en outre une commande par le processeur afin de :commander l'ouverture de la soupape en appliquant une première polarité à l'ensemble bobine fixe (114) afin d'accélérer l'élément de soupape à un premier taux d'accélération et lancer une inversion de polarité appliquée à l'ensemble bobine fixe (114) pour décélérer l'élément de soupape jusqu'à ce qu'il atteigne une position ouverte prédéterminée,commander la fermeture de la soupape en appliquant une première pluralité à l'ensemble bobine fixe (114) afin d'accélérer l'élément de soupape à un premier taux d'accélération et lancer une inversion de polarité appliquée à l'ensemble bobine fixe (114) pour décélérer l'élément de soupape jusqu'à ce qu'il atteigne une position fermée adjacente au siège de soupape, etlancer une troisième tension pour asseoir en douceur l'élément de soupape et le maintenir dans sa position fermée.
- Procédé de commande d'un ensemble soupape électromagnétique actionné linéairement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, le procédé comprenant :l'application d'une première tension à une première polarité pour accélérer l'élément de soupape dans une direction d'ouverture à un taux d'accélération d'ouverture,l'application d'une deuxième tension de la polarité opposée à la première tension pour décélérer l'élément de soupape jusqu'à ce qu'il atteigne une position ouverte sélectionnable,le maintien de l'élément de soupape à la position ouverte sélectionnable,l'application d'une troisième tension à une polarité opposée à la première polarité pour accélérer l'élément de soupape dans une direction de fermeture à un taux d'accélération de fermeture,l'application d'une quatrième tension de la polarité opposée à la polarité de la troisième tension pour décélérer l'élément de soupape jusqu'à ce qu'il atteigne une position fermée adjacente à un siège de soupape, etl'application d'une cinquième tension à une polarité opposée à la première polarité pour asseoir en douceur l'élément de soupape et le maintenir dans la position fermée.
- Procédé selon la revendication 6, comprenant en outre la lecture de données de séquence de calage de distribution provenant d'un module de mémoire, et le lancement de l'application des première et troisième tensions sur la base des données de séquence de distribution lues.
- Procédé selon la revendication 6, comprenant en outre l'écriture de données provenant d'une pluralité de capteurs dans un module de mémoire.
- Procédé selon la revendication 6, comprenant en outre le calcul de valeurs de vélocité et d'accélération de soupape en vue de leur utilisation par un processeur programmé avec une logique de commande.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/963,764 US9109714B2 (en) | 2011-11-07 | 2013-08-09 | Linear valve actuator system and method for controlling valve operation |
PCT/US2014/049953 WO2015021163A2 (fr) | 2013-08-09 | 2014-08-06 | Système d'actionneur de soupape linéaire et procédé de commande d'actionnement de soupape |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3030817A2 EP3030817A2 (fr) | 2016-06-15 |
EP3030817A4 EP3030817A4 (fr) | 2017-04-19 |
EP3030817B1 true EP3030817B1 (fr) | 2020-12-09 |
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EP14834447.6A Active EP3030817B1 (fr) | 2013-08-09 | 2014-08-06 | Système d'actionneur de soupape linéaire et procédé de commande d'actionnement de soupape |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP3030817B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP6846932B2 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN105473918A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2015021163A2 (fr) |
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CN106594355B (zh) * | 2016-12-05 | 2020-03-27 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | 一种电磁阀开关控制方法、系统及空调 |
CN106594356B (zh) * | 2016-12-05 | 2020-08-04 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | 一种电磁阀降噪音控制方法、系统及空调 |
CN106437926A (zh) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-02-22 | 天津梦佳智创科技发展有限公司 | 一种低能耗的内燃机旋转气门 |
GB2574229A (en) | 2018-05-31 | 2019-12-04 | Fas Medic Sa | Method and apparatus for energising a solenoid of a valve assembly |
CN110307389B (zh) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-12-18 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | 一种基于状态反馈的汽轮机液动阀门故障诊断方法 |
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DE3309904A1 (de) * | 1983-03-18 | 1984-09-20 | Mannesmann Rexroth GmbH, 8770 Lohr | Elektromagnet und magnetventil |
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JP2000193408A (ja) | 1998-10-20 | 2000-07-14 | Fuji Oozx Inc | エンジンバルブの位置測定装置 |
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- 2014-08-06 CN CN201480043886.6A patent/CN105473918A/zh active Pending
- 2014-08-06 JP JP2016533402A patent/JP6846932B2/ja active Active
- 2014-08-06 WO PCT/US2014/049953 patent/WO2015021163A2/fr active Application Filing
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US6390443B1 (en) * | 1993-06-18 | 2002-05-21 | Nippondenso Co. Ltd. | Composite magnetic member, process for producing the member and electromagnetic valve using the member |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3030817A2 (fr) | 2016-06-15 |
JP6846932B2 (ja) | 2021-03-24 |
JP2016532065A (ja) | 2016-10-13 |
CN105473918A (zh) | 2016-04-06 |
EP3030817A4 (fr) | 2017-04-19 |
WO2015021163A3 (fr) | 2015-04-23 |
WO2015021163A2 (fr) | 2015-02-12 |
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