EP3017271B1 - Submunition, in particular luminous munition, that can be discharged from a spin-stabilized carrier projectile - Google Patents

Submunition, in particular luminous munition, that can be discharged from a spin-stabilized carrier projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3017271B1
EP3017271B1 EP14730896.9A EP14730896A EP3017271B1 EP 3017271 B1 EP3017271 B1 EP 3017271B1 EP 14730896 A EP14730896 A EP 14730896A EP 3017271 B1 EP3017271 B1 EP 3017271B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
submunition
housing
parachute
clutch
centrifugal force
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EP14730896.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3017271A1 (en
Inventor
Sven Guth
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Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
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Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B4/00—Fireworks, i.e. pyrotechnic devices for amusement, display, illumination or signal purposes
    • F42B4/26—Flares; Torches
    • F42B4/28—Parachute flares
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/42—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information of illuminating type, e.g. carrying flares
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
    • F42B12/58—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles
    • F42B12/62—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles the submissiles being ejected parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile
    • F42B12/625—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles the submissiles being ejected parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile a single submissile arranged in a carrier missile for being launched or accelerated coaxially; Coaxial tandem arrangement of missiles which are active in the target one after the other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B15/00—Self-propelled projectiles or missiles, e.g. rockets; Guided missiles
    • F42B15/36—Means for interconnecting rocket-motor and body section; Multi-stage connectors; Disconnecting means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a submunition, in particular illuminated ammunition, which can be ejected from a spin-stabilized carrier bullet, comprising a submunition body and a parachute housing arranged on the rear side of the submunition body with a main parachute located therein, in particular a centrifugal clutch system.
  • the DE 10 2007 048 074 A1 discloses a light ammunition with parachute. In particular, for a safe subsequent recovery is proposed that the light ammunition does not include pyrotechnic bulbs.
  • a parachute for particular ballistically deployed systems discloses the DE 10 2008 023 271 A1 , Also the US 5,386,781 A deals with a parachute system.
  • the US 2,798,683 A discloses a parachute and a parachute connection for an artillery shell, wherein the opening of the main parachute depends on a falling speed. So that another brake parachute can open, the propellant charge is ignited via a time fuse and a flare material is ignited by the propellant charge. By the gases of the propellant charge pressure is exerted on a plate through which an inner sleeve is pushed with the slip-on sleeve from an outer shell of the shell. In this case, shear bolts, which are integrated in the front region of the outer sleeve and a rope-containing slip sleeve sheared off.
  • the latter With the ejection of the inner sleeve and the slip-on sleeve, the latter separates from the inner sleeve, whereby the rope is tensioned and the brake screen is pulled out. If then falls below a certain fall speed, fingers (claws) are released, whereby the body held the brake screen is separated from the inner sleeve. This body is connected via another rope to the main screen and pulls it out of the inner sleeve. The burning flare material then slides on this main screen towards the ground.
  • the DE 41 16 191 A1 relates to a spin-stabilized carrier projectile with a jacket which accommodates two submunitions.
  • the submunition On the rear side, the submunition has a brake and a main parachute and an antenna at the bow. This is protected by a protective cover.
  • a locking element is provided between the jacket of the submunition and the protective cover, which ensures the positive connection between the jacket and protective cover under the action of the centrifugal force of the carrier projectile.
  • the object of the invention is to disclose a submunition which can be ejected from a spin-stabilized carrier bullet, in which an activation of the main parachute takes place at a predetermined spin of the submunition.
  • the invention is essentially based on the idea of detachably connecting the submunition body and the parachute housing via a centrifugal clutch, such that the submunition body and the parachute housing are non-positively and / or positively connected with one another by the centrifugal clutch due to the centrifugal force occurring when the carrier bullet is fired and that, after reducing the centrifugal force to a predetermined value, the centrifugal clutch cancels the connection between the submunition body and the parachute housing.
  • the submunition according to the invention has the advantage that only a small space requirement is required for the centrifugal clutch.
  • the activation of the main parachute takes place purely mechanically and almost independently of the storage and temperature, because no pyrotechnics are used.
  • the activation of the main parachute is also independent of the propellant charge with which the carrier bullet was fired from the corresponding weapon, and thus independent of the spin of the submunition when leaving the carrier bullet.
  • the centrifugal clutch consists of a cylindrical coupling housing which is rotatably connected at one end face with the submunition and the circumference is at least partially covered by the parachute housing.
  • at least one centrifugal bolt is arranged in the coupling housing, which is displaceably mounted in a radially outwardly extending guide bore and fixed with its first end via a tension spring in the vicinity of the central axis of the coupling housing.
  • the guide bore extends to the outer wall of the coupling housing, so that the centrifugal bolt engages with a corresponding centrifugal force acting on it partially through this opening in an aligned detent opening of the parachute housing and the parachute housing connects to the submunition.
  • centrifugal clutch To avoid an imbalance of the centrifugal clutch should be stored in the coupling housing at least two, preferably three, rotationally symmetrical, in guide holes radially outwardly displaceable centrifugal bolts, which engage in the case of sufficient centrifugal force in three correspondingly arranged detent openings of the parachute housing.
  • Fig.1 is denoted by 1 from a spin-stabilized carrier projectile at a predetermined height ejected submunition, which is, for example, a light ammunition, which flies in the direction of the arrow marked 100.
  • the light ammunition 1 comprises a submunition body 2 a luminous body, on the rear side, a hood-shaped parachute housing 3 with a main parachute located therein (not shown) connects.
  • the centrifugal clutch 4 consists of a preferably cylindrical coupling housing 5, which is non-positively connected at one end face 6 with the luminous body 2, and which is peripherally surrounded by the outer wall 7 of the parachute housing 3 (see also Fig.2 and 3 ).
  • centrifugal bolts 8 are arranged, which are displaceably mounted in three radially outwardly extending guide holes 9.
  • the guide bores 9 extend through the outer wall 10 of the coupling housing 5, so that corresponding openings 14 are present on the outer wall side.
  • the centrifugal bolts 8 are fastened with their first end 11 in each case via a tension spring 12 with the coupling housing 5 in the vicinity of the central axis 13. Due to the centrifugal forces acting on them, the centrifugal bolts 8 are displaced radially outwardly against the retention forces of the tension springs 12 and each engage with their second end 17 through the outer wall-side openings 14 into corresponding aligned detent opening 15 of the parachute housing 3 ( Fig.2 ).
  • the tension springs 12 pull the centrifugal bolts 8 out of the detent openings 15 of the parachute housing 3 completely when a predeterminable swirl value is reached. Due to the different masses between the luminous body 2 and the parachute housing 3, the rest of the residual twist then causes a shearing off of the securing bolts 16, so that the connection between the luminous body 2 and the parachute housing 3 is canceled.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine aus einem drallstabilisierten Trägergeschoss ausstoßbare Submunition, insbesondere Leuchtmunition, mit einem Submunitionskörper und einem heckseitig an dem Submunitionskörper angeordneten Fallschirmgehäuse mit einem darin befindlichen Hauptfallschirm, insbesondere ein Fliehkraftkupplungssystem.
Die DE 10 2007 048 074 A1 offenbart eine Leuchtmunition mit Fallschirm. Insbesondere für eine gefahrlose spätere Bergung wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Leuchtmunition keine pyrotechnischen Leuchtmittel umfasst.
Einen Fallschirm für insbesondere ballistisch ausgebrachte Systeme offenbart die DE 10 2008 023 271 A1 . Auch die US 5,386,781 A beschäftigt sich mit einem Fallschirmsystem.
Aus der DE 41 24 655 C2 ist eine aus einem drallstabilisierten Trägergeschoss ausstoßbare Submunition gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 bekannt, an der heckseitig an einem Submunitionskörper ein Fallschirmgehäuse angeordnet ist, welches einen Hilfs- und einen Hauptfallschirm aufnimmt. Nachteilig bei dieser bekannten Geschossanordnung ist unter anderem, dass es aufgrund des hohen Dralles der Submunition nach dem Ausstoßen aus dem Trägergeschoss zum Verdrehen der Fangleinen des Hauptfallschirmes kommen kann.
Insbesondere bei drallstabilisierten Leuchtgranaten ist es bekannt, den Hauptfallschirm nicht sofort nach dem Ausstoßen der Submunition zu aktivieren, sondern erst nach einer Verringerung des Dralles der Submunition. Dabei werden zur Reduzierung des Dralles häufig mechanische Drallbremsen verwendet, während zur Aktivierung des Hauptfallschirmes in der Regel pyrotechnische Verzögerungselemente eingesetzt werden, die nach einer festgelegten Zeit eine Freigabe des Hauptfallschirmes bewirken.The invention relates to a submunition, in particular illuminated ammunition, which can be ejected from a spin-stabilized carrier bullet, comprising a submunition body and a parachute housing arranged on the rear side of the submunition body with a main parachute located therein, in particular a centrifugal clutch system.
The DE 10 2007 048 074 A1 discloses a light ammunition with parachute. In particular, for a safe subsequent recovery is proposed that the light ammunition does not include pyrotechnic bulbs.
A parachute for particular ballistically deployed systems discloses the DE 10 2008 023 271 A1 , Also the US 5,386,781 A deals with a parachute system.
From the DE 41 24 655 C2 is a submersible from a spin-stabilized carrier bullet submunition known according to the preamble of claim 1, on the rear side of a submunition a parachute housing is arranged, which receives an auxiliary and a main parachute. A disadvantage of this known projectile arrangement is, inter alia, that it may come to the twisting of the suspension lines of the main parachute due to the high swirl of the submunition after ejection from the carrier level.
In particular, in spin-stabilized grenades, it is known not to activate the main parachute immediately after the ejection of the submunition, but only after a reduction in the spin of the submunition. In this case, mechanical swirl brakes are often used to reduce the swirl while activating the main parachute usually pyrotechnic delay elements are used, which cause a release of the main parachute after a specified time.

So schlägt die DE 10 2007 057 184 A1 vor, die Fallgeschwindigkeitsreduzierungssysteme bzw. Bremssysteme, wie Fallschirme, erst nach einer vorbestimmten Flugzeit und einer Stabilisierung sowie durch ein Verzögerungselement funktionsbereit gemacht wird.So that beats DE 10 2007 057 184 A1 before, the Fallgeschwindigkeitsreduzierungssysteme or braking systems, such as parachutes, is made ready for operation only after a predetermined flight time and a stabilization and by a delay element.

Nachteilig ist bei diesen bekannten Leuchtgranaten, dass der Drall der Submunition zum Zeitpunkt der Falischirmausbringung nicht eindeutig definiert ist, da dieser sowohl abhängig von der Treibladung, mittels welcher das Trägergeschoss -und damit auch die Submunition- verschossen wurde (eine höhere Ladung bewirkt einen höheren Drall), als auch von der Brenndauer des Verzögerungselementes ist. Außerdem haben Umwelteinflüsse einen großen Einfluss auf pyrotechnische Sätze, sodass selbst dann, wenn der Drall beim Ausstoßen der Submunition unabhängig von der Ladung konstant wäre, sich Streuungen der Verzögerungszeiten ergeben würden. Daher kann es auch bei Verwendung von pyrotechnischen Verzögerungselementen zum Eindrehen des Hauptfallschirmes und damit zu Fehlfunktionen der Submunition kommen.A disadvantage of these known grenades that the spin of the submunition at the time of Falischirmausbringung is not clearly defined, since this was fired both depending on the propellant, by means of which the carrier projectile - and thus the submunition- (a higher charge causes a higher spin ), as well as the burning time of the delay element. In addition, environmental influences have a major impact on pyrotechnic sets, so that even if the spin were constant at the ejection of the submunition regardless of the charge, scattering of the delay times would result. Therefore, it can also come when using pyrotechnic delay elements for screwing the main parachute and thus to malfunction of the submunition.

Die US 2,798,683 A offenbart einen Fallschirm sowie eine Fallschirmanbindung für eine Artilleriegranate, wobei das Öffnen des Hauptfallschirms abhängig von einer Fallgeschwindigkeit ist. Damit ein weiterer Bremsfallschirm öffnen kann, wird über einen Zeitzünder die Treibladung und durch die Treibladung ein Flarematerial entzündet. Durch die Gase der Treibladung wird ein Druck auf eine Platte ausgeübt, durch die eine innere Hülse mit der Aufsteckhülse aus einer äußeren Hülse der Granate geschoben wird. Dabei werden Scherbolzen, die im vorderen Bereich der äußeren Hülse und einer ein Seil enthaltenden Aufsteckhülse eingebunden sind, abgeschert. Mit dem Ausstoß der inneren Hülse und der Aufsteckhülse löst sich letztere von der inneren Hülse, wodurch sich das Seil spannt und der Bremsschirm herausgezogen wird. Wird dann eine bestimmte Fallgeschwindigkeit unterschritten, werden Finger (Klauen) freigegeben, wodurch der den Bremsschirm gehaltene Körper von der inneren Hülse getrennt wird. Dieser Körper ist über ein weiteres Seil mit dem Hauptschirm verbunden und zieht diesen nun aus der inneren Hülse. Das brennende Flarematerial gleitet dann an diesem Hauptschirm Richtung Boden.The US 2,798,683 A discloses a parachute and a parachute connection for an artillery shell, wherein the opening of the main parachute depends on a falling speed. So that another brake parachute can open, the propellant charge is ignited via a time fuse and a flare material is ignited by the propellant charge. By the gases of the propellant charge pressure is exerted on a plate through which an inner sleeve is pushed with the slip-on sleeve from an outer shell of the shell. In this case, shear bolts, which are integrated in the front region of the outer sleeve and a rope-containing slip sleeve sheared off. With the ejection of the inner sleeve and the slip-on sleeve, the latter separates from the inner sleeve, whereby the rope is tensioned and the brake screen is pulled out. If then falls below a certain fall speed, fingers (claws) are released, whereby the body held the brake screen is separated from the inner sleeve. This body is connected via another rope to the main screen and pulls it out of the inner sleeve. The burning flare material then slides on this main screen towards the ground.

Die DE 41 16 191 A1 betrifft ein drallstabilisiertes Trägergeschoss mit einem Mantel, der zwei Submunitionen aufnimmt. Heckseitig weist die Submunition einen Brems- und einen Hauptfallschirm auf und bugseitig eine Antenne. Diese wird durch einen Schutzdeckel geschützt. Dabei ist zwischen dem Mantel der Submunition und dem Schutzdeckel ein Verriegelungselement vorgesehen, das unter Einwirkung der Fliehkraft des Trägergeschosses die formschlüssige Verbindung zwischen Mantel und Schutzdeckel sicherstellt. Nach dem Ausstoß der Submunition aus dem Trägergeschoss entfaltet sich der Bremsfallschirm, wodurch der Drall der Submunition abnimmt. Bei Erreichen einer bestimmten Drehzahl der Submunition zieht sich das Verriegelungselement (ein dehnbarer Sicherungsring) in die Nut des Mantels der Submunition zurück und gibt den Schutzdeckel frei.The DE 41 16 191 A1 relates to a spin-stabilized carrier projectile with a jacket which accommodates two submunitions. On the rear side, the submunition has a brake and a main parachute and an antenna at the bow. This is protected by a protective cover. In this case, a locking element is provided between the jacket of the submunition and the protective cover, which ensures the positive connection between the jacket and protective cover under the action of the centrifugal force of the carrier projectile. After ejection of the submunition from the carrier level unfolds the Bremsfallschirm, whereby the spin of the submunition decreases. Upon reaching a certain speed of the submunition pulls the locking element (a stretchable locking ring) in the groove of the shell of the submunition and releases the protective cover.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine aus einem drallstabilisierten Trägergeschoss ausstoßbare Submunition zu offenbaren, bei der eine Aktivierung des Hauptfallschirmes bei einem vorgegebenen Drall der Submunition erfolgt.The object of the invention is to disclose a submunition which can be ejected from a spin-stabilized carrier bullet, in which an activation of the main parachute takes place at a predetermined spin of the submunition.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Weitere, besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung offenbaren die Unteransprüche.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Further, particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention disclose the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung beruht im Wesentlichen auf dem Gedanken, den Submunitionskörper und das Fallschirmgehäuse über eine Fliehkraftkupplung lösbar miteinander zu verbinden, derart, dass der Submunitionskörper und das Fallschirmgehäuse aufgrund der beim Abschuss des Trägergeschosses auftretenden Fliehkraft durch die Fliehkraftkupplung kraft- und/oder formschlüssig miteinander verbunden werden, und dass nach Verringerung der Fliehkraft auf einen vorgegebenen Wert die Fliehkraftkupplung die Verbindung zwischen Submunitionskörper und Fallschirmgehäuse aufhebt. Damit auch im unbelasteten Zustand (d.h. bei drallfreier Submunition) der Submunitionskörper mit dem Fallschirmgehäuse drehfest verbunden ist, sind drei rotationssymmetrisch angeordnete Sicherungsbolzen vorgesehen, welche die Position des Fallschirmgehäuses zum Kupplungsgehäuse und damit auch zum Submunitionskörper festlegen.The invention is essentially based on the idea of detachably connecting the submunition body and the parachute housing via a centrifugal clutch, such that the submunition body and the parachute housing are non-positively and / or positively connected with one another by the centrifugal clutch due to the centrifugal force occurring when the carrier bullet is fired and that, after reducing the centrifugal force to a predetermined value, the centrifugal clutch cancels the connection between the submunition body and the parachute housing. Thus, even in the unloaded state (i.e., in spin-free submunition) of the submunitions is rotatably connected to the parachute housing, three rotationally symmetrically arranged locking pins are provided, which determine the position of the parachute housing to the coupling housing and thus also to the submunitions.

Die erfindungsgemäße Submunition weist den Vorteil auf, dass für die Fliehkraftkupplung nur ein geringer Platzbedarf erforderlich ist. Außerdem erfolgt die Aktivierung des Hauptfallschirmes rein mechanisch und nahezu unabhängig von der Lagerung und Temperatur, da keine Pyrotechnik verwendet wird. Schließlich ist die Aktivierung des Hauptfallschirmes auch unabhängig von der Treibladung, mit der das Trägergeschoss aus der entsprechenden Waffe verschossen wurde, und damit unabhängig von dem Drall der Submunition beim Verlassen des Trägergeschosses.The submunition according to the invention has the advantage that only a small space requirement is required for the centrifugal clutch. In addition, the activation of the main parachute takes place purely mechanically and almost independently of the storage and temperature, because no pyrotechnics are used. Finally, the activation of the main parachute is also independent of the propellant charge with which the carrier bullet was fired from the corresponding weapon, and thus independent of the spin of the submunition when leaving the carrier bullet.

Bei einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel ist vorgesehen, dass die Fliehkraftkupplung aus einem zylinderförmigen Kupplungsgehäuse besteht, das an einer Stirnseite mit dem Submunitionskörper drehfest verbunden ist, und das umfangseitig mindestens teilweise von dem Fallschirmgehäuse umfasst wird. Dabei ist in dem Kupplungsgehäuse mindestens ein Fliehkraftbolzen angeordnet, der in einer radial nach außen verlaufenden Führungsbohrung verschiebbar gelagert und mit seinem ersten Ende über eine Zugfeder in der Nähe der Mittelachse des Kupplungsgehäuses befestigt ist. Die Führungsbohrung erstreckt sich bis zur Außenwand des Kupplungsgehäuses, sodass der Fliehkraftbolzen bei entsprechender, auf ihn wirkender Fliehkraft teilweise durch diese Öffnung in eine fluchtende Rastöffnung des Fallschirmgehäuses eingreift und das Fallschirmgehäuse mit dem Submunitionskörper verbindet.In a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the centrifugal clutch consists of a cylindrical coupling housing which is rotatably connected at one end face with the submunition and the circumference is at least partially covered by the parachute housing. In this case, at least one centrifugal bolt is arranged in the coupling housing, which is displaceably mounted in a radially outwardly extending guide bore and fixed with its first end via a tension spring in the vicinity of the central axis of the coupling housing. The guide bore extends to the outer wall of the coupling housing, so that the centrifugal bolt engages with a corresponding centrifugal force acting on it partially through this opening in an aligned detent opening of the parachute housing and the parachute housing connects to the submunition.

Zur Vermeidung einer Unwucht der Fliehkraftkupplung sollten in dem Kupplungsgehäuse mindestens zwei, vorzugsweise drei, rotationssymmetrisch angeordnete, in Führungsbohrungen radial nach außen verschiebbare Fliehkraftbolzen gelagert sein, die im Falle einer ausreichenden Fliehkraft in drei entsprechend angeordnete Rastöffnungen des Fallschirmgehäuses eingreifen.To avoid an imbalance of the centrifugal clutch should be stored in the coupling housing at least two, preferably three, rotationally symmetrical, in guide holes radially outwardly displaceable centrifugal bolts, which engage in the case of sufficient centrifugal force in three correspondingly arranged detent openings of the parachute housing.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den folgenden, anhand von Figuren erläuterten Ausführungsbeispielen. Es zeigen:

Fig.1
die perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Submunition mit einem Submunitionskörper, einem Fallschirmgehäuse mit Hauptfallschirm und einer Fliehkraftkupplung, unmittelbar nach Verlassen eines Trägergeschosses;
Fig.2
einen Querschnitt durch die in Fig.1 dargestellte Submunition im Bereich der Fliehkraftkupplung; und
Fig.3
einen Fig.2 entsprechenden Querschnitt nach Abnahme des Dralles der Submunition auf einen vorgegebenen Wert, bei dem die Fliehkraftkupplung das Fallschirmgehäuse freigegeben hat.
Further details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following, with reference to figures explained embodiments. Show it:
Fig.1
the perspective view of a submunition according to the invention with a submunition, a parachute housing with main parachute and a centrifugal clutch, immediately after leaving a carrier projectile;
Fig.2
a cross section through the in Fig.1 Submunition shown in the field of centrifugal clutch; and
Figure 3
one Fig.2 corresponding cross-section after the decrease of the swirl of the submunition to a predetermined value, wherein the centrifugal clutch the parachute housing has released.

In Fig.1 ist mit 1 eine aus einem drallstabilisierten Trägergeschoss in einer vorgegebenen Höhe ausgestoßene Submunition bezeichnet, bei der es sich beispielsweise um eine Leuchtmunition handelt, die in Richtung des mit 100 bezeichneten Pfeiles fliegt. Die Leuchtmunition 1 umfasst als Submunitionskörper 2 einen Leuchtkörper, an den sich heckseitig ein haubenförmiges Fallschirmgehäuse 3 mit einem darin befindlichen Hauptfallschirm (nicht dargestellt) anschließt.In Fig.1 is denoted by 1 from a spin-stabilized carrier projectile at a predetermined height ejected submunition, which is, for example, a light ammunition, which flies in the direction of the arrow marked 100. The light ammunition 1 comprises a submunition body 2 a luminous body, on the rear side, a hood-shaped parachute housing 3 with a main parachute located therein (not shown) connects.

Aufgrund des hohen Dralles der Leuchtmunition 1 sind der Leuchtkörper 2 und das Fallschirmgehäuse 3 erfindungsgemäß über eine in Fig.1 gestrichen angedeutete Fliehkraftkupplung 4 miteinander drehfest, aber lösbar verbunden.Due to the high swirl of the light ammunition 1, the luminous body 2 and the parachute housing 3 according to the invention via an in Fig.1 deleted indicated centrifugal clutch 4 with each other rotatably, but releasably connected.

Die Fliehkraftkupplung 4 besteht aus einem vorzugsweise zylinderförmigen Kupplungsgehäuse 5, das an einer Stirnseite 6 mit dem Leuchtkörper 2 kraftschlüssig verbunden ist, und das umfangseitig von der Außenwand 7 des Fallschirmgehäuses 3 umfasst wird (vgl. auch Fig.2 und 3).The centrifugal clutch 4 consists of a preferably cylindrical coupling housing 5, which is non-positively connected at one end face 6 with the luminous body 2, and which is peripherally surrounded by the outer wall 7 of the parachute housing 3 (see also Fig.2 and 3 ).

In dem Kupplungsgehäuse 5 sind drei rotationssymmetrisch angeordnete Fliehkraftbolzen 8 angeordnet, die in drei radial nach außen verlaufenden Führungsbohrungen 9 verschiebbar gelagert sind. Dabei erstrecken sich die Führungsbohrungen 9 durch die Außenwand 10 des Kupplungsgehäuses 5 hindurch, sodass außenwandseitig entsprechende Öffnungen 14 vorhanden sind.In the clutch housing 5, three rotationally symmetrically arranged centrifugal bolts 8 are arranged, which are displaceably mounted in three radially outwardly extending guide holes 9. In this case, the guide bores 9 extend through the outer wall 10 of the coupling housing 5, so that corresponding openings 14 are present on the outer wall side.

Die Fliehkraftbolzen 8 sind mit ihrem ersten Ende 11 jeweils über eine Zugfeder 12 mit dem Kupplungsgehäuse 5 in der Nähe dessen Mittelachse 13 befestigt. Aufgrund der auf sie wirkenden Fliehkräfte sind die Fliehkraftbolzen 8 entgegen den Rückhaltekräften der Zugfedern 12 radial nach außen verschoben und greifen jeweils mit ihrem zweiten Ende 17 durch die außenwandseitigen Öffnungen 14 in entsprechende fluchtende Rastöffnung 15 des Fallschirmgehäuses 3 ein (Fig.2).The centrifugal bolts 8 are fastened with their first end 11 in each case via a tension spring 12 with the coupling housing 5 in the vicinity of the central axis 13. Due to the centrifugal forces acting on them, the centrifugal bolts 8 are displaced radially outwardly against the retention forces of the tension springs 12 and each engage with their second end 17 through the outer wall-side openings 14 into corresponding aligned detent opening 15 of the parachute housing 3 ( Fig.2 ).

Damit auch im unbelasteten Zustand (d.h. bei drallfreier Leuchtmunition) der Leuchtkörper mit dem Fallschirmgehäuse 3 drehfest verbunden ist, sind drei rotationssymmetrisch angeordnete Sicherungsbolzen 16 vorgesehen, welche die Position des Fallschirmgehäuses 3 zum Kupplungsgehäuse 5 und damit auch zum Leuchtkörper 2 festlegen.Thus, even in the unloaded state (ie in spin-free light ammunition) of the luminous body is rotatably connected to the parachute housing 3, three rotationally symmetrical securing bolts 16 are provided which determine the position of the parachute housing 3 to the clutch housing 5 and thus to the luminous element 2.

Werden nun die Fliehkräfte der Leuchtmunition 1 durch entsprechende Drallbremsen (nicht dargestellt) verringert, so ziehen beim Erreichen eines vorgebbaren Drallwertes die Zugfedern 12 die Fliehkraftbolzen 8 aus den Rastöffnungen 15 des Fallschirmgehäuses 3 vollständig heraus. Der dann noch verbleibende Restdrall bewirkt aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Massen zwischen Leuchtkörper 2 und Fallschirmgehäuse 3 ein Abscheren der Sicherungsbolzen 16, sodass die Verbindung zwischen Leuchtkörper 2 und Fallschirmgehäuse 3 aufgehoben ist.If the centrifugal forces of the illuminated ammunition 1 are reduced by appropriate swirl brakes (not shown), the tension springs 12 pull the centrifugal bolts 8 out of the detent openings 15 of the parachute housing 3 completely when a predeterminable swirl value is reached. Due to the different masses between the luminous body 2 and the parachute housing 3, the rest of the residual twist then causes a shearing off of the securing bolts 16, so that the connection between the luminous body 2 and the parachute housing 3 is canceled.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Submunition, LeuchtmunitionSubmunition, light ammunition
22
Submunitionskörper, LeuchtkörperSubmunition body, filament
33
FalischirmgehäuseFalischirmgehäuse
44
Fliehkraftkupplungcentrifugal clutch
55
Kupplungsgehäuseclutch housing
66
Stirnseitefront
77
Außenwand (Fallschirmgehäuse)Outer wall (parachute housing)
88th
Fliehkraftbolzencentrifugal pin
99
Führungsbohrungguide bore
1010
Außenwand (Kupplungsgehäuse)Outer wall (coupling housing)
1111
erstes Endefirst end
1212
Zugfedermainspring
1313
Mittelachsecentral axis
1414
Öffnungopening
1515
Rastöffnunglatching opening
1616
Sicherungsbolzensafety bolt
1717
zweites Endesecond end
100100
Pfeilarrow

Claims (7)

  1. Submunition (1), in particular tracer munition, which can be ejected from a spin-stabilized carrier projectile, having a submunition body (2) and a parachute housing (3) which is arranged on the rear side of the submunition body (2) and has a main parachute which is situated therein, characterized in that
    • the submunition (1) comprises a centrifugal clutch (4) with a clutch housing (5),
    • the submunition body (2) and the parachute housing (3) can be connected releasably to one another via the centrifugal clutch (4), in such a way that the submunition body (2) and the parachute housing (3) are connected to one another in a non-positive and/or positively locking manner by way of the centrifugal clutch (4) on account of the centrifugal force which occurs during the firing of the carrier projectile,
    • three rotationally symmetrically arranged securing pins (16) are provided which fix the position of the parachute housing (3) with respect to the clutch housing (5) and therefore also with respect to the submunition body (2), and realise a rotationally fixed connection between the submunition body (2) and the parachute housing (3) in a spin-free state,
    • spin brakes which reduce centrifugal forces of the submunition (1),
    • the centrifugal clutch (4) releases the connection between the submunition body (2) and the parachute housing (3) after reduction of the centrifugal force to a predefined value, and
    • the securing pins (16) shear off in the case of a residual spin, with the result that the connection between the submunition body (2) and the parachute housing (3) is cancelled.
  2. Submunition according to Claim 1, characterized in that the centrifugal clutch (4) consists of the clutch housing (5) which is connected on one end side (6) fixedly to the submunition body (2) so as to rotate with it, and which is enclosed on the circumferential side at least partially by the parachute housing (3).
  3. Submunition according to Claim 2, characterized in that the clutch housing (5) is cylindrical.
  4. Submunition according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one centrifugal force pin (8) is arranged in the clutch housing (5), which centrifugal force pin (8) is mounted displaceably in a radially outwardly running guide bore (9), the guide bore (9) extending as far as the outer wall (10) of the clutch housing (5).
  5. Submunition according to Claim 4, characterized in that the centrifugal force pin (8) is fastened with its first end (11) via a tension spring (12) in the vicinity of the centre axis (13) of the clutch housing (5), with the result that, in the case of a corresponding centrifugal force which acts on it, the centrifugal force pin (8) engages with its second end (17) into a latching opening (15) of the parachute housing (3), which latching opening (15) is flush with respect to the guide bore (9), and, when the centrifugal force drops below a predefinable value, is pulled again completely out of the latching opening (15) by the tension spring (12).
  6. Submunition according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least two, preferably three, rotationally symmetrical centrifugal force pins (8) which can be displaced radially outwards in guide bores (9) are mounted in the clutch housing (5) of the centrifugal clutch (4), which centrifugal force pins (8) engage into three correspondingly arranged latching openings (15) of the parachute housing (3) in the case of a sufficient centrifugal force.
  7. Submunition according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the submunition body (2) is connected fixedly to the parachute housing (3) so as to rotate with it.
EP14730896.9A 2013-07-05 2014-06-17 Submunition, in particular luminous munition, that can be discharged from a spin-stabilized carrier projectile Active EP3017271B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013011219.2A DE102013011219B3 (en) 2013-07-05 2013-07-05 Submunition ejected from a spin-stabilized carrier bullet, in particular illuminated ammunition
PCT/EP2014/062629 WO2015000691A1 (en) 2013-07-05 2014-06-17 Submunition, in particular luminous munition, that can be discharged from a spin-stabilized carrier projectile

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3017271A1 EP3017271A1 (en) 2016-05-11
EP3017271B1 true EP3017271B1 (en) 2017-08-09

Family

ID=50879065

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14730896.9A Active EP3017271B1 (en) 2013-07-05 2014-06-17 Submunition, in particular luminous munition, that can be discharged from a spin-stabilized carrier projectile

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3017271B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102013011219B3 (en)
ES (1) ES2644379T3 (en)
LT (1) LT3017271T (en)
WO (1) WO2015000691A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR862451A (en) * 1939-08-23 1941-03-07 Aircraft Defense Improvements Using Air Mines
US2798683A (en) * 1952-03-19 1957-07-09 Wayne A Swenson Delayed release mechanism for parachutes
US3221656A (en) * 1964-03-23 1965-12-07 Adrian P Sutten Apparatus for high-velocity recovery
DE3046816C2 (en) * 1980-12-12 1982-12-02 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München "Packaging container for the parachute of a drop load"
US4628821A (en) * 1985-07-05 1986-12-16 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Acceleration actuated kinetic energy penetrator retainer
DE8711921U1 (en) * 1987-09-03 1989-01-05 Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg Submunition of a twist projectile
DE4116191A1 (en) * 1991-05-17 1992-11-19 Rheinmetall Gmbh SUBMUNITION FOR A SPIRAL-STABILIZED SHELL
DE4124655C2 (en) * 1991-07-25 1995-07-06 Rheinmetall Ind Gmbh Braking device for submunition
US5386781A (en) * 1992-11-12 1995-02-07 Thiokol Corporation Parachute deployment system
DE102007048074A1 (en) * 2007-10-05 2009-04-09 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Luminous ammunition for battlefield lighting
DE102007057184A1 (en) * 2007-11-26 2009-05-28 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Ammunition or missile for battlefield lighting
DE102008023271A1 (en) * 2008-05-13 2009-11-19 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Parachute system for especially ballistic deployed systems

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
LT3017271T (en) 2017-09-11
DE102013011219B3 (en) 2014-06-26
EP3017271A1 (en) 2016-05-11
WO2015000691A1 (en) 2015-01-08
ES2644379T3 (en) 2017-11-28

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