EP3014021B1 - Rail crossing designed for crossing a guide rail with a second rail - Google Patents

Rail crossing designed for crossing a guide rail with a second rail Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3014021B1
EP3014021B1 EP14749870.3A EP14749870A EP3014021B1 EP 3014021 B1 EP3014021 B1 EP 3014021B1 EP 14749870 A EP14749870 A EP 14749870A EP 3014021 B1 EP3014021 B1 EP 3014021B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rail
crossing
guide
crossing device
extensible portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP14749870.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3014021A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Luc Andre
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Newtl SAS
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Newtl SAS
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Publication of EP3014021A1 publication Critical patent/EP3014021A1/en
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Publication of EP3014021B1 publication Critical patent/EP3014021B1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B7/00—Switches; Crossings
    • E01B7/28—Crossings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B25/00—Tracks for special kinds of railways
    • E01B25/28—Rail tracks for guiding vehicles when running on road or similar surface

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a crossing device mainly for crossing a first rail, for example a conventional rail, with a guide rail.
  • the rails are interrupted at the crossing, with a spacing sufficient to allow the passage of the projecting lateral part of the railway wheels, called coil or lug.
  • This spacing is generally of the order of a few centimeters.
  • FIG 1 which illustrates the prior art (see also FR 2 880 636 A1 another example of a mixed crossover device).
  • one of the rails of the crossing is a guide rail
  • it is not always tolerated to interrupt this rail over a long length, mainly for reasons of reliability of the guide. Indeed, particularly in the field of guiding road vehicles by a central rail, for reasons of approval of traffic on public roads, this rail must not have a gap greater than a few millimeters.
  • the conventional rail crossings are not suitable in the case of crossing a guide rail with another rail, it may be another guide rail, a conventional rail or any other type of rail. There is therefore a need for a specific crossing device for crossing a first rail with a guide rail.
  • the guide rails and the other rails are also all embedded in the roadway, with their upper surface flush with the roadway. to allow the circulation of other road vehicles including motor vehicles on the roadway.
  • This embedding in the roadway for the rails implies that the desired specific crossing device must not only accommodate this constraint, but must also be embedded in the roadway and not not impede the movement of vehicles.
  • such a device must be reliable, robust and manually operable in case of failure, because it is intended to be used on the road in urban areas where any disruption of traffic is to be avoided.
  • This device must also be small and occupy as little floor space as possible because of the often high density of other elements already present in the street in urban areas.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a new rail crossing device does not alter the guiding function assigned to at least one of the rails.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a crossing device for crossing a guide rail with a second rail and which satisfies the other criteria mentioned above.
  • the first section is situated on the side of the first lateral face of the first rail and has a first end located on the side of the first lateral face of the first rail
  • the second section is located on the side of the second side face. of the first rail and has a second end located in close proximity to the second side face of the first rail and in the extension of the first end.
  • the first end in the contracted position of the extensible part, is spaced from the first lateral face of the first rail while in the stretched position of the extensible part, the first end is approaching the first lateral face of the first rail.
  • the rail crossing device comprises a path guide means for the extensible portion of the guide rail provided to guide the stretching and contraction in length of the extensible portion along a defined path.
  • the spacing means is in the form of a groove provided in the rail head on the side of the first lateral face of the first rail, this groove being able to be bordered laterally by a flap, while at the crossing this flap has a cutout to allow the first end of the guide rail to slide above the spacing means of the first rail when stretching the extensible portion.
  • the spacing means is in the form of a free volume provided between the first lateral face of the rail head and the roadway.
  • the extensible portion of the guide rail is constituted by alternating machining in the rail or by an assembly of transverse lamellae
  • the extensible portion of the guide rail is constituted by an assembly of transverse lamellae interconnected by sliding telescopic engagement on at least one common longitudinal guide structure.
  • the extensible portion of the rail of guiding is constituted by a stack of flexible slats, welded alternately up and down in the manner of an accordion.
  • the contracted position for the extensible part corresponds to a position of equilibrium halfway through the operating means.
  • the first rail is continuous and in one piece. It has cutouts in its rail head in order to free the passage for means for guiding the vehicle guided by rail, these cuts being able to be transverse and made in a direction parallel to the axis of the two sections of the guide rail.
  • the first end of the guide rail has a recess located under the upper face of the rail head so as to be able to slide above the spacing means of the first rail when the stretching of the extensible part.
  • the vehicle or other mobile device intended to circulate on the first rail system comprises wheels for rolling on at least a first rail and these wheels bear only on the first rail.
  • the operating means comprises at least one hydraulic, pneumatic or electrical cylinder, or at least one worm. It may also include at least one manual emergency operating device for manually actuating the operating means in case of failure.
  • the advantages of the crossing device of the invention are numerous.
  • the extensible nature of the guide rail makes it possible to maintain a satisfactory continuity for this rail at the crossing, while allowing it to be withdrawn from the rail that it crosses to allow the circulation of a vehicle on the latter.
  • the crossing device of the invention is very compact.
  • the removal of the guide rail from the first rail is done by translation of an expandable portion, which requires no additional space in the road, unlike a system for example pivoting or turntable.
  • the guide system of the extensible portion has a negligible size in the pavement, while the operating means for stretching and contracting the length of the extensible portion can be provided in the form of a mechanism in space-saving length and preferably housed under this rail to occupy a minimum volume of the roadway.
  • Another advantage of the invention lies in the possibility of operating the device according to the invention either remotely, and preferably in an automated manner, either manually on site.
  • the means of the invention are particularly robust, unlikely to fail and do not require regular maintenance.
  • a manual emergency operating device and a lubricating device for the operating means further enhance the reliability and durability of the means of the invention.
  • the first rail system When at the crossing, the first rail system has a bearing rut taking the effort of rolling the vehicle and having no discontinuity, the wheels of the vehicle does not bear on the rail head with cutouts, especially on the extensible portion of the second rail system.
  • the presence of the crossing according to the invention does not introduce any additional noise during the movement of the vehicle on the first rail system.
  • the device of the invention in the case where it is desired to adapt the device of the invention to a first existing rail system, it is possible to adapt the device of the invention without the need to replace all or part of the or existing rails. Indeed, it is sufficient to make transverse cuts in the head thereof, for example by means of a grinder, and possibly partially and locally fill the rut of the existing rail or rails, for example by casting a suitable material, without any other modification thereof.
  • the crossing device 1 of the invention is intended for the crossing of a first rail system 2 with a second rail system 3, these rail systems 2, 3 being embedded in a roadway 4.
  • the first rail system 2 may be provided for the circulation or guidance of a vehicle or other mobile device, for example a sliding structure mounted on a rail, a rail-based handling means, an overhead traveling crane, a gantry crane, etc.
  • This first rail system 2 comprises a first rail 5 having a rail head 6, generally designated as a mushroom. It can be a guide rail, a conventional rail rail, or any other type of rail.
  • the first rail 5 may be a rail without a groove, or have one or two grooves.
  • the first rail system 2 being embedded in a roadway 4 of circulation, the upper face 7 of the head 6 of the first rail 5 is substantially flush with the roadway 4 so as not to impede traffic, especially automobile.
  • This first rail 5 also has a first side face 8 and a second side face 9 opposite to the first.
  • the conventional railway wheels 10 generally comprise a tire 11, also designated as a tread, which is in contact with the upper face 7 of the rail head 6, and a flange 12 or lug which provides guidance by taking bearing on the first lateral face 8 of the rail head 6.
  • the flange 12 On a standardized profile, the flange 12 usually has a height of 30 millimeters in height and a width of 32 millimeters.
  • This space 13 may be necessary only on one side of the rail head 6, or on both sides, for example for the circulation of a two-stranded railway wheel or for any other rolling or guiding means 15 having structures embossed 14.
  • spacing means 16 is provided to delimit a passage space 13 on the side of at least the first lateral face 8 of the rail head 6.
  • This spacing means 16 may be conventionally provided in the form of a groove 17 provided in the rail head 6 on the side of the first lateral face 8 of the first rail 5.
  • a conventional rail with groove 18 also known as "Broca” type rail
  • said groove 17 may be laterally bordered by a flap 19.
  • the spacing means 16 can be in any other form to form a passage space 13 of at least one side of the head of the rail 6. It can be in the form of a free volume Provided between the first side face 8 of the rail head 6 and the roadway 4.
  • the second rail system 3 is preferably provided for guiding a vehicle. It comprises a guide rail 21 having a rail head 22 with an upper face 23 substantially flush with the roadway 4.
  • the guide rail 21 is preferably, but not exclusively, a guide rail 21 for a tramway on tires, for example guided by a central rail, with inclined rollers bearing on the lateral faces 24, 25 of the rail head 22. by their bandage.
  • This guide rail 21 crosses the first rail 5, so it is interrupted at its crossing with the first rail 5 to form two rail sections 26, 27, namely a first section 26 for example located on the side of the first lateral face 8 of the first rail 5 and a second section 27 26 for example located on the side of the second side face 9 of the first rail 5.
  • These two sections 26, 27 have ends 28, 29 facing each side of the first rail 5 at the crossing, namely a first end 28 for example located on the side of the first side face 8 of the first rail 5 and a second end 29, for example, located on the side of the second lateral face 9 of the first rail 5.
  • these two sections 26, 27 must be in close proximity to the first rail 5, while the head 6 of the latter preferably has transverse cuts 30 in order to free the passage for guiding means of the vehicle guided by rail, these transverse cuts 30 being made in a direction parallel to the axis of the two sections 26, 27 of the guide rail 21.
  • Immediate proximity means a spacing distance sufficiently small that it does not have a discontinuity or distance spacing too large so as not to affect the reliability and quality of guidance. It is less than 1 centimeter, and preferably of the order of 1 to 5 millimeters.
  • transverse cuts 30 are the only modifications that may be made to the first rail 5 when the crossover device of the invention is put in place.
  • the first rail 5 does not need to be cut or interrupted and can advantageously remain in one piece.
  • the spacing means 16 for the passage of the strands 12 - or any other type of raised structure 14 of a rolling or guiding means 15 - has a gradual and partial filling 31 allowing this rolling or guiding means 15 to rest on the first rail 5, not by its bandage, but by its flange 12 or equivalent structure in relief 14.
  • This transfer of the rolling force on the flanges 12 or structures Equivalents in relief 14, limited at the crossing, is known to those skilled in the art under the name of the rut carrier principle. It makes it possible in particular to prevent the rolling or guiding means 15 from falling into the transverse cutouts 30, which would cause a lot of noise and considerable wear both of the rail and of the rolling or guiding means.
  • the wheels of the vehicle intended to run on the first rail system rest only on the rails 5 of the first rail system and not on any moving part of the device.
  • the weight of the vehicle intended to circulate on the first rail system does not rest on the first or the second section 26, 27 of the second rail system, nor on the extensible part 32, nor on the operating means 33.
  • of the bulge (s) 12 or equivalent structure (s) in relief 14 of the rail wheel 10 or of another rolling or guiding means 15 on the first rail 5, at least one of the ends 28, 29 of the two sections 26, 27 must be able to be moved away from the first rail 5.
  • This distance must be sufficient to allow the passage or the bulges 12 or structure (s) equivalent (s) embossed 14 at the spacing means 16 provided for the first rail 5. This distance is greater than 1 centimeter, and preferably of the order of 3 to 5 centimeters.
  • the rolling or guiding means 15 is not necessarily intended to roll on the first rail 5, but it can also slide on it or be temporarily in guiding contact with him.
  • the device 1 of the invention comprises at least one extensible portion 32 provided at least in the first or the second section 26, 27.
  • an expandable portion 32 is provided on the side of the groove.
  • an expandable portion 32 may be provided as well in the first section 26, in the second section 27 or in these two sections 26,27.
  • first rail system 2 comprises a pair of rails 5 and 5b and the extensible portion 32 of the second rail system 3 is located between them (see figure 7 )
  • the spacing between these rails and / or the angle of inclination between the first rail system 2 and the second rail system 3 must however be sufficient for the extension and contraction amplitude of the extensible part. 32 allow the minimum distance defined above.
  • This expandable portion 32 may be in the form of an expandable portion 32 usually provided to absorb the thermal expansion phenomena of the rails. It can be in any other form to reduce or extend the length of the guide rail 21.
  • the extensible part 32 is constituted by alternating machining in the guide rail 21.
  • the extensible portion 32 is constituted by an assembly of transverse lamellae.
  • transverse lamellae may be interconnected by telescopic engagement or by sliding on at least one common longitudinal guide structure.
  • the transverse lamellae present holes 43 in their lower part allowing the introduction of two guide bars (not shown) common to all the transverse lamellae for their maintenance and guidance in contraction and extension according to these bars of guide.
  • the extensible portion 32 is constituted by a stack of flexible strips, welded alternately up and down in the manner of an accordion. Since the device of the invention is embedded in the roadway, room is available downwards for it, also according to this fourth variant the flexible sipes can be relatively high and extend downwards to allow greater amplitude for extension and contraction of the expandable portion 32.
  • An elastic material may be interposed between each transverse lamella to ensure a better continuity of the expandable portion 32 of the rail between the transverse lamellae.
  • This elastic material makes it possible, in particular, to prevent fouling of the gaps between the lamellae by soiling and various urban debris, while avoiding that a pedestrian can be pinched between two lamellae during the contraction of the extensible part 32, thus guaranteeing a additional security level for the device.
  • the extensible portion 32 is thus preferably in the form of a rubber / metal sandwich.
  • the device 1 of the invention also comprises an operating means 33 designed to stretch and contract in length the extensible portion 32 of the guide rail 21.
  • This actuating means 33 makes it possible to force the expandable part 32 to expand or contract , in an amplitude often much greater than that encountered in the case of simple thermal expansion due to temperature variations.
  • This operating means 33 makes it possible to move at least one of the ends 28, 29 of the two sections 26, 27 between a contracted position in which for example the first end 28 is located away from the first rail 5 at a distance sufficient to allow the circulation of a vehicle or any other mobile device on this rail 5, and a stretched position for example in which the first end 28 is located close to the first rail 5 in an immediate proximity sufficient to ensure the guidance of a vehicle on the guide rail 21.
  • the operating means 33 comprises at least one hydraulic, pneumatic jack 34, or electric.
  • the operating means 33 comprises at least one worm 35.
  • the operating means 33 preferably comprises at least one manual emergency maneuvering device for manually actuating the operating means 33 in case of failure, including the control system.
  • this manual emergency maneuvering device may comprise a crank and a bevel gear which makes it possible to actuate the worm (s) 35.
  • the operating means 33 an irreversible system, that is to say that it remains fixed in position even in case of power failure, in order to be naturally locked in position of extension or contraction of the Extensible part 32 for maximum security.
  • the extreme safety position of the operating means 33 preferably corresponds to that of contraction of the extensible portion 32 because this position allows the passage of the vehicle on the first rail system 2, and is also likely to allow the passage of the vehicle on the second rail system 3, especially if it is in a straight line.
  • the rail crossing device 1 of the invention is preferably built in the free state in the equilibrium position halfway.
  • the contracted position for the expandable portion 32 of the guide rail 21 corresponds to an equilibrium position at mid-travel of the operating means 33.
  • the device 1 of the invention also preferably comprises path guidance means 36 for the expandable portion 32 of the guide rail 21 to guide stretching and contraction in length of the expandable portion 32 in a defined path.
  • stretching and contraction in length of the extensible portion 32 could be in an undesired path, which would not allow for example one of the ends 28, 29 of the sections 26, 27 to be in the immediate vicinity of the first rail 5 during the stretching of the extensible portion 32 of the first section 26.
  • the device of the invention is perfectly adapted to curved rails.
  • the path guide means 36 thus ensures that stretching and contraction in length of the expandable portion 32 is effected according to the trajectory general curve of the rail, for example in an arc.
  • the first end 28 of the guide rail 21 be able to reach the immediate vicinity of the first rail 5.
  • the spacing means 16 of this rail, or any other element located at the lower part of the first rail 5, may for example interfere with this movement.
  • the first end 28 of the guide rail 21 preferably has a recess 37 located under the upper face 23 of the rail head 22 so as to be able to slide above the spacing means 16 of the first rail 5 during stretching. in length of the extensible portion 32 of the first section 26.
  • the recess 37 located under the upper face 23 of the rail head 22 must be large enough to allow the first end 28 of the guide rail 21 to pass above this gradual and partial filling 31 during the extension of the extensible part 32.
  • the spacer means 16 when the spacer means 16 is provided in the form of a groove 17 bordered by a flap 19, it preferably has a cutout 38 to allow the first end 28 of the guide rail 21 to be able to slide at above the spacing means 16 of the first rail 5 during the stretching in length of the extensible portion 32 of the first section 26.
  • the principle of the carrier rut can also be used for the guide rail 21 at the crossing, in particular to raise the vehicle guide means for carrying on this rail.
  • the means making it possible to adapt the principle of the carrier rut to the guide rail 21 of the invention depend, of course, on the type and conformation of the vehicle guide means intended to bear on the guide rail 21.
  • a guide rail 21 provided for a guide means comprising inclined rollers 39 with chins 40, these inclined rollers 39 being provided for carrying by their bandage 41 on the lateral faces 24, 25 of the rail head 22 of the guide rail 21.
  • the guide rail 21 has for example side ramps 42 located below its rail head 22 and provided to engage the lugs 40 of the inclined rollers 39 of the guide means of the vehicle guided by rail.
  • These lateral ramps 42 are rising in the direction of the first rail 5 which they cross so that at this rail 5, the inclined rollers 39 no longer bear on the guide rail 21 by their bandage 41 on the lateral faces 24, 25 of the rail head 22 but by their 40.
  • the guiding means of the vehicle guided by rail are then raised in order to facilitate their passage through the first rail 5, in particular to above the gradual and partial filling 3 that it may possibly include.
  • the crossing device 1 of the invention preferably comprises a control system for actuating the operating means 33 to cause stretching or contraction in length of the extensible part.
  • 32 of the guide rail 21 according to a vehicle is on either of the rails 5, 21 of the crossing.
  • the simplest crossing case is that of the crossing between a first rail 5 and a guide rail 21, as shown in FIG. figure 6 .
  • the displacement of the extensible part 32 can be done on one side, namely on the side located towards the first rail 5.
  • the first rail 5 is a railway rail intended for the circulation of a vehicle, it is often provided in pairs with a second rail 5b, as shown in FIG. figure 7 .
  • the first rail system 2 comprises in this case a first rail 5 and a second rail 5b, and the guide rail 21 is able to cross both the first rail 5 and the second rail 5b.
  • two crossing devices 1 of the invention namely a device 1 for the crossing between the first rail 5 and the guide rail 21 and another crossing device of the invention for the crossing between the second rail 5b and the guide rail 21, the two devices can then be actuated by a common actuating means 33.
  • the crossover device 1 of the invention can also be adapted to other situations without departing from the inventive concept of the invention.
  • the device 1 of the invention can be adapted for a first rail 5 provided for a rolling or guiding means 15 having a raised structure 14 of the other side or both sides.
  • the second end 29 of the sections 26, 27, which is situated on the side of the second lateral face 9 of the first rail 5 and in the extension of the first end 28, is not located in the immediate vicinity of the second
  • the second end 29 must be able to be moved in the same manner as the first end 28, namely between a spaced position and an approximate position.
  • two crossing devices 1 of the invention at the rate of a crossing device on each side of the first rail 5, with an extensible portion 32 provided in the guide rail 21 on each side of the first rail 5. Since in this case, the two crossing devices 1 used concern the same crossing and the same rails 5, 21, it is nevertheless possible to save the duplication some means of the invention. Thus, it may for example be possible to use a single operating means 33 common to the two devices 1 to stretch and contract in length the extensible portion 32 of each of them.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Architecture (AREA)
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  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Platform Screen Doors And Railroad Systems (AREA)
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Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de croisement principalement destiné au croisement d'un premier rail, par exemple un rail ferroviaire classique, avec un rail de guidage.The present invention relates to a crossing device mainly for crossing a first rail, for example a conventional rail, with a guide rail.

Dans les grandes agglomérations, la tendance actuelle consiste à s'orienter de plus en plus vers des réseaux ferroviaires urbains de transport en commun de type tramway sur pneumatiques. Parmi les véhicules sur pneumatiques utilisés, il en existe qui sont guidés par un rail central noyé dans la chaussée. Ce rail de guidage peut être amené à croiser un autre rail, aussi dans ce cas un système de croisement est nécessaire.In large cities, the current trend is to move more and more to urban rail transit systems such as light rail. Among the vehicles on tires used, there are some that are guided by a central rail embedded in the roadway. This guide rail can be brought to cross another rail, also in this case a crossing system is necessary.

Dans les croisements ferroviaires classiques, à savoir ceux prévus pour le croisement de deux voies de chemin de fer, les rails sont interrompus au niveau du croisement, avec un espacement suffisant pour permettre le passage de la partie latérale en saillie des roues ferroviaires appelée boudin ou mentonnet. Cet espacement est en général de l'ordre de quelques centimètres. Ceci est visible sur la figure 1 qui illustre l'art antérieur (voir aussi FR 2 880 636 A1 un autre exemple d'un dispositif de croisement mixte). Dans le cas où l'un des rails du croisement est un rail de guidage, il n'est pas toujours toléré d'interrompre ce rail sur une longueur importante, principalement pour des raisons de fiabilité du guidage. En effet, notamment dans le domaine du guidage des véhicules routiers par un rail central, pour des raisons d'homologation de circulation sur la voie publique, ce rail ne doit pas présenter de lacune supérieure à quelques millimètres.In conventional railroad crossings, namely those intended for the crossing of two railway tracks, the rails are interrupted at the crossing, with a spacing sufficient to allow the passage of the projecting lateral part of the railway wheels, called coil or lug. This spacing is generally of the order of a few centimeters. This is visible on the figure 1 which illustrates the prior art (see also FR 2 880 636 A1 another example of a mixed crossover device). In the case where one of the rails of the crossing is a guide rail, it is not always tolerated to interrupt this rail over a long length, mainly for reasons of reliability of the guide. Indeed, particularly in the field of guiding road vehicles by a central rail, for reasons of approval of traffic on public roads, this rail must not have a gap greater than a few millimeters.

Par conséquent, les croisements ferroviaires classiques ne sont pas adaptés dans le cas du croisement d'un rail de guidage avec un autre rail, celui-ci pouvant être un autre rail de guidage, un rail ferroviaire classique ou tout autre type de rail. Il existe donc un besoin pour un dispositif de croisement spécifique destiné au croisement d'un premier rail avec un rail de guidage.Therefore, the conventional rail crossings are not suitable in the case of crossing a guide rail with another rail, it may be another guide rail, a conventional rail or any other type of rail. There is therefore a need for a specific crossing device for crossing a first rail with a guide rail.

En outre, puisque le guidage par un rail central des véhicules de transport en commun sur pneumatiques s'effectue généralement en milieu urbain, les rails de guidage et les autres rails également sont tous noyés dans la chaussée, avec leur face supérieure affleurant avec la chaussée afin de permettre la circulation des autres véhicules routiers notamment automobiles sur la chaussée. Cet encastrement dans la chaussée pour les rails implique que le dispositif de croisement spécifique souhaité doit non seulement s'accommoder de cette contrainte, mais qu'il doit également être lui-même encastré dans la chaussée et ne pas gêner la circulation des véhicules.In addition, since the guidance of a central rail of public transport vehicles on tires is generally carried out in urban areas, the guide rails and the other rails are also all embedded in the roadway, with their upper surface flush with the roadway. to allow the circulation of other road vehicles including motor vehicles on the roadway. This embedding in the roadway for the rails implies that the desired specific crossing device must not only accommodate this constraint, but must also be embedded in the roadway and not not impede the movement of vehicles.

Avantageusement, un tel dispositif doit être fiable, robuste et actionnable manuellement en cas de panne, car il est prévu pour être utilisé sur la chaussée en milieu urbain où toute perturbation de la circulation est à éviter.Advantageously, such a device must be reliable, robust and manually operable in case of failure, because it is intended to be used on the road in urban areas where any disruption of traffic is to be avoided.

De même, puisqu'il est utilisé en milieu urbain, un tel dispositif de croisement ne doit pas représenter de danger pour les piétons, notamment lors de son actionnement.Similarly, since it is used in urban areas, such a crossing device must not pose any danger to pedestrians, especially when it is actuated.

Ce dispositif doit également être peu volumineux et occuper le moins de surface au sol possible en raison de la densité souvent importante des autres éléments déjà présents dans la chaussée en milieu urbain.This device must also be small and occupy as little floor space as possible because of the often high density of other elements already present in the street in urban areas.

Le but de l'invention vise à fournir un nouveau dispositif de croisement de rails n'altérant pas la fonction de guidage attribuée à l'un au moins des rails.The object of the invention is to provide a new rail crossing device does not alter the guiding function assigned to at least one of the rails.

Un autre but de l'invention est de fournir un dispositif de croisement destiné au croisement d'un rail de guidage avec un second rail et qui satisfasse aux autres critères évoqués plus haut.Another object of the invention is to provide a crossing device for crossing a guide rail with a second rail and which satisfies the other criteria mentioned above.

Les objets assignés à l'invention sont atteints à l'aide d'un dispositif de croisement de rails prévu pour le croisement d'un premier système de rail noyé dans une chaussée avec un second système de rail noyé dans la chaussée, ce dispositif comprenant :

  • un premier système de rail prévu pour la circulation ou le guidage d'un véhicule ou de tout autre dispositif mobile et comportant :
    • au moins un premier rail présentant une tête de rail avec une face supérieure affleurant sensiblement avec la chaussée, une première face latérale et une seconde face latérale opposée à la première ; et
    • au moins un moyen d'espacement prévu pour délimiter un espace de passage pour des structures en relief de moyens de roulement ou de guidage au moins du côté de la première face latérale de la tête de rail ;
  • un second système de rail prévu pour le guidage d'un véhicule et comportant au moins un rail de guidage, lequel rail de guidage :
    • présente une tête de rail avec une face supérieure affleurant sensiblement avec la chaussée et croise le premier rail ;
    • est interrompu au niveau du croisement avec le premier rail pour former deux tronçons, présentant respectivement une première extrémité et une seconde extrémité dans le prolongement de la première extrémité ;
  • au moins une partie extensible intégrée au moins au premier ou au second tronçon ;
  • au moins un moyen de manoeuvre prévu pour étirer et contracter en longueur la partie extensible, définissant une position contractée dans laquelle la première extrémité est écartée du premier rail pour permettre la circulation d'un véhicule ou de tout autre dispositif mobile sur ce rail ; et une position étirée dans laquelle la première extrémité est approchée du premier rail pour assurer le guidage d'un véhicule sur le rail de guidage.
The objects assigned to the invention are achieved by means of a rail crossing device provided for the crossing of a first rail system embedded in a roadway with a second rail system embedded in the roadway, this device comprising :
  • a first rail system provided for the circulation or guidance of a vehicle or other mobile device and comprising:
    • at least one first rail having a rail head with an upper face substantially flush with the roadway, a first side face and a second side face opposite the first; and
    • at least one spacing means provided for delimiting a passage space for raised structures of rolling or guiding means at least on the side of the first lateral face of the rail head;
  • a second rail system provided for guiding a vehicle and having at least one guide rail, which guide rail:
    • has a rail head with an upper face substantially flush with the roadway and crosses the first rail;
    • is interrupted at the intersection with the first rail to form two sections, respectively having a first end and a second end in the extension of the first end;
  • at least one extensible part integrated at least at the first or the second section;
  • at least one operating means provided for stretching and contracting the extensible portion, defining a contracted position in which the first end is spaced from the first rail to allow the circulation of a vehicle or other movable device on the rail; and a stretched position in which the first end is approached to the first rail to guide a vehicle on the guide rail.

Selon un exemple de réalisation, le premier tronçon est situé du côté de la première face latérale du premier rail et présente une première extrémité située du côté de la première face latérale du premier rail, le second tronçon est situé du côté de la seconde face latérale du premier rail et présente une seconde extrémité située à proximité immédiate de la seconde face latérale du premier rail et dans le prolongement de la première extrémité. Selon cet exemple de réalisation, dans la position contractée de la partie extensible, la première extrémité est écartée de la première face latérale du premier rail tandis que dans la position étirée de la partie extensible, la première extrémité est approchée de la première face latérale du premier rail.According to an exemplary embodiment, the first section is situated on the side of the first lateral face of the first rail and has a first end located on the side of the first lateral face of the first rail, the second section is located on the side of the second side face. of the first rail and has a second end located in close proximity to the second side face of the first rail and in the extension of the first end. According to this embodiment, in the contracted position of the extensible part, the first end is spaced from the first lateral face of the first rail while in the stretched position of the extensible part, the first end is approaching the first lateral face of the first rail.

Selon un autre exemple de réalisation, le dispositif de croisement de rail comprend un moyen de guidage en trajectoire pour la partie extensible du rail de guidage prévu pour guider l'étirement et la contraction en longueur de la partie extensible selon une trajectoire définie.According to another embodiment, the rail crossing device comprises a path guide means for the extensible portion of the guide rail provided to guide the stretching and contraction in length of the extensible portion along a defined path.

Selon un autre exemple de réalisation, le moyen d'espacement est sous la forme d'une gorge prévue dans la tête de rail du côté de la première face latérale du premier rail, cette gorge pouvant être bordée latéralement par une bavette, tandis qu'au niveau du croisement cette bavette présente une découpe pour permettre à la première extrémité du rail de guidage de coulisser au-dessus du moyen d'espacement du premier rail lors de l'étirement de la partie extensible.According to another exemplary embodiment, the spacing means is in the form of a groove provided in the rail head on the side of the first lateral face of the first rail, this groove being able to be bordered laterally by a flap, while at the crossing this flap has a cutout to allow the first end of the guide rail to slide above the spacing means of the first rail when stretching the extensible portion.

Selon un autre exemple de réalisation, le moyen d'espacement est sous la forme d'un volume libre prévu entre la première face latérale de la tête de rail et la chaussée.According to another exemplary embodiment, the spacing means is in the form of a free volume provided between the first lateral face of the rail head and the roadway.

Selon d'autres exemples de réalisation, la partie extensible du rail de guidage est constituée par des usinages alternés dans le rail ou par un assemblage de lamelles transversalesAccording to other exemplary embodiments, the extensible portion of the guide rail is constituted by alternating machining in the rail or by an assembly of transverse lamellae

De même, selon un autre exemple de réalisation, la partie extensible du rail de guidage est constituée par un assemblage de lamelles transversales reliées entre elles par emboitement télescopique par coulissement sur au moins une structure de guidage longitudinale commune.Similarly, according to another embodiment, the extensible portion of the guide rail is constituted by an assembly of transverse lamellae interconnected by sliding telescopic engagement on at least one common longitudinal guide structure.

Selon un autre exemple de réalisation, la partie extensible du rail de guidage est constituée par un empilage de lamelles souples, soudées alternativement en haut et en bas à la manière d'un accordéon.According to another exemplary embodiment, the extensible portion of the rail of guiding is constituted by a stack of flexible slats, welded alternately up and down in the manner of an accordion.

Enfin, une matière élastique est intercalée entre chaque lamelle transversale.Finally, an elastic material is interposed between each transverse lamella.

Selon un exemple de réalisation supplémentaire, la position contractée pour la partie extensible correspond à une position d'équilibre à mi-course du moyen de manoeuvre.According to an additional exemplary embodiment, the contracted position for the extensible part corresponds to a position of equilibrium halfway through the operating means.

Selon un autre exemple de réalisation, au niveau du croisement, le premier rail est continu et d'une seule pièce. Il présente des découpes dans sa tête de rail afin de libérer le passage pour des moyens de guidage du véhicule guidé par rail, ces découpes pouvant être transversales et réalisées selon une direction parallèle à l'axe des deux tronçons du rail de guidage.According to another embodiment, at the crossing, the first rail is continuous and in one piece. It has cutouts in its rail head in order to free the passage for means for guiding the vehicle guided by rail, these cuts being able to be transverse and made in a direction parallel to the axis of the two sections of the guide rail.

Selon un autre exemple de réalisation, au niveau du croisement, la première extrémité du rail de guidage présente un évidement situé sous la face supérieure de la tête de rail afin de pouvoir coulisser au-dessus du moyen d'espacement du premier rail lors de l'étirement de la partie extensible.According to another exemplary embodiment, at the intersection, the first end of the guide rail has a recess located under the upper face of the rail head so as to be able to slide above the spacing means of the first rail when the stretching of the extensible part.

En outre, selon un autre exemple de réalisation, le véhicule ou autre dispositif mobile prévu pour circuler sur le premier système de rail comprend des roues prévues pour rouler sur au moins un premier rail et ces roues sont en appui uniquement sur ce premier rail.In addition, according to another embodiment, the vehicle or other mobile device intended to circulate on the first rail system comprises wheels for rolling on at least a first rail and these wheels bear only on the first rail.

Enfin, selon d'autres exemples de réalisation, le moyen de manoeuvre comprend au moins un vérin hydraulique, pneumatique ou électrique, ou au moins une vis sans fin. Il peut également comprendre au moins un dispositif de manoeuvre de secours manuel permettant d'actionner manuellement le moyen de manoeuvre en cas de panne.Finally, according to other exemplary embodiments, the operating means comprises at least one hydraulic, pneumatic or electrical cylinder, or at least one worm. It may also include at least one manual emergency operating device for manually actuating the operating means in case of failure.

Les avantages du dispositif de croisement de l'invention sont nombreux. Le caractère extensible du rail de guidage permet de maintenir une continuité satisfaisante pour ce rail au niveau du croisement, tout en permettant son retrait du rail qu'il croise pour permettre la circulation d'un véhicule sur ce dernier.The advantages of the crossing device of the invention are numerous. The extensible nature of the guide rail makes it possible to maintain a satisfactory continuity for this rail at the crossing, while allowing it to be withdrawn from the rail that it crosses to allow the circulation of a vehicle on the latter.

De manière générale, le dispositif de croisement de l'invention a pour but de satisfaire aux conditions suivantes :

  1. 1) Le poids du véhicule prévu pour circuler sur le premier système de rail ne doit pas reposer sur une quelconque pièce mobile du dispositif, de manière à minimiser tout risque de détérioration de celui-ci par le passage dudit véhicule.
  2. 2) Lors du passage d'un véhicule sur le premier système de rail, le second système de rail n'est pas dévié latéralement comme c'est le cas dans les aiguillages classiques, il est seulement rétracté et reste dans le même axe et les parties mobiles de celui-ci n'encombrent pas les éventuelles ornières du premier système de rail. Ainsi le franchissement d'un tronçon mobile du dispositif par le véhicule guidé dans le cas où une pièce mobile du dispositif serait mal positionnée ne conduit pas obligatoirement à un déraillement dudit véhicule guidé par rail, surtout si la partie extensible du second système de rail est droite. En effet, l'actionnement du dispositif en position rétracté de la partie extensible ne crée qu'une lacune dans le rail de guidage et non pas une déviation ou une interruption de celui-ci.
  3. 3) Le dispositif de croisement de l'invention doit être intégré dans la chaussée, ce qui implique un nombre évident de contraintes techniques auxquelles répond le dispositif de croisement de l'invention.
In general, the purpose of the crossing device of the invention is to satisfy the following conditions:
  1. 1) The weight of the vehicle intended to circulate on the first rail system shall not rest on any moving part of the device, so as to minimize any risk of deterioration thereof by the passage of said vehicle.
  2. (2) When passing a vehicle on the first rail system, the second rail system is not deflected laterally as is the case in conventional switches, it is only retracted and remains in the same axis and the moving parts of it do not clutter any ruts of the first rail system . Thus the crossing of a mobile section of the device by the guided vehicle in the case where a moving part of the device would be incorrectly positioned does not necessarily lead to a derailment of said rail guided vehicle, especially if the extensible part of the second rail system is right. Indeed, the actuation of the device in the retracted position of the extensible part creates only a gap in the guide rail and not a deflection or an interruption thereof.
  3. 3) The crossing device of the invention must be integrated into the roadway, which implies a clear number of technical constraints to which meets the crossing device of the invention.

Le dispositif de croisement de l'invention est très peu encombrant. L'éloignement du rail de guidage du premier rail se fait par translation d'une partie extensible, ce qui ne nécessite aucune place supplémentaire dans la chaussée, contrairement à un système par exemple pivotant ou à plaque tournante. De même, le système de guidage de la partie extensible présente un encombrement négligeable dans la chaussée, tandis que le moyen de manoeuvre prévu pour étirer et contracter en longueur la partie extensible peut être prévu sous la forme d'un mécanisme en longueur peu encombrant et de préférence logé sous ce rail afin d'occuper un volume minimal de la chaussée.The crossing device of the invention is very compact. The removal of the guide rail from the first rail is done by translation of an expandable portion, which requires no additional space in the road, unlike a system for example pivoting or turntable. Similarly, the guide system of the extensible portion has a negligible size in the pavement, while the operating means for stretching and contracting the length of the extensible portion can be provided in the form of a mechanism in space-saving length and preferably housed under this rail to occupy a minimum volume of the roadway.

Un autre avantage de l'invention réside dans la possibilité d'actionner le dispositif conforme à l'invention soit à distance, et préférentiellement de manière automatisée, soit manuellement sur place.Another advantage of the invention lies in the possibility of operating the device according to the invention either remotely, and preferably in an automated manner, either manually on site.

En outre ne comprenant aucune partie particulièrement fragile ou délicat et peu de pièces en mouvement, les moyens de l'invention sont particulièrement robustes, peu susceptibles de pannes et ne nécessitent pas d'entretien régulier. Un dispositif de manoeuvre de secours manuel et un dispositif de graissage pour le moyen de manoeuvre renforcent encore le caractère fiable et durable des moyens de l'invention.Furthermore comprising no particularly fragile or delicate parts and few moving parts, the means of the invention are particularly robust, unlikely to fail and do not require regular maintenance. A manual emergency operating device and a lubricating device for the operating means further enhance the reliability and durability of the means of the invention.

Lors de l'actionnement du dispositif de l'invention, seule la partie extensible est en mouvement au niveau de la chaussée. De plus, ce mouvement est de faible amplitude et peu susceptible de blesser un passant, surtout lorsque la partie extensible ne présente pas de lacune dans laquelle un passant pourrait se retrouver pincé, ce qui particulièrement intéressant du point de vue la sécurité en milieu urbain.When actuating the device of the invention, only the extensible part is moving at the level of the roadway. In addition, this movement is of low amplitude and unlikely to hurt a passerby, especially when the extensible portion does not present a gap in which a passer could be pinched, which is particularly interesting from the point of view of urban safety.

Lorsqu'au niveau du croisement, le premier système de rail comporte une ornière porteuse reprenant l'effort de roulage du véhicule et ne présentant aucune discontinuité, les roues de ce véhicule ne porte pas sur la tête de rail comportant des découpes, ni surtout sur la partie extensible du second système de rail. Ainsi, la présence du croisement selon l'invention, n'introduit aucun bruit supplémentaire lors de la circulation du véhicule sur le premier système de rail.When at the crossing, the first rail system has a bearing rut taking the effort of rolling the vehicle and having no discontinuity, the wheels of the vehicle does not bear on the rail head with cutouts, especially on the extensible portion of the second rail system. Thus, the presence of the crossing according to the invention does not introduce any additional noise during the movement of the vehicle on the first rail system.

Enfin, dans le cas où l'on souhaite adapter le dispositif de l'invention à un premier système de rail existant, il est possible d'y adapter le dispositif de l'invention sans qu'il soit nécessaire de remplacer tout ou partie du ou des rails existants. En effet, il suffit d'effectuer des découpes transversales dans la tête de ceux-ci, par exemple au moyen d'une meuleuse, et d'éventuellement combler partiellement et localement l'ornière du ou des rails existants, par exemple par coulage d'une matière adaptée, sans aucune autre modification de ceux-ci.Finally, in the case where it is desired to adapt the device of the invention to a first existing rail system, it is possible to adapt the device of the invention without the need to replace all or part of the or existing rails. Indeed, it is sufficient to make transverse cuts in the head thereof, for example by means of a grinder, and possibly partially and locally fill the rut of the existing rail or rails, for example by casting a suitable material, without any other modification thereof.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre, description faite en référence aux dessins annexés donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique en perspective d'un croisement ferroviaire classique illustrant l'art antérieur ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue schématique en coupe d'une roue ferroviaire en circulation sur un rail ferroviaire classique avec un espace de passage latéral sous la forme d'une ornière prévue entre une face latérale de la tête de rail et la chaussée ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue schématique en coupe d'une roue ferroviaire en circulation sur un rail ferroviaire classique avec un espace de passage latéral sous la forme d'une gorge prévue du côté de la tête de rail, cette gorge étant bordée latéralement par une bavette ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue de détail du dispositif de croisement de rails de l'invention au niveau du croisement entre un rail ferroviaire classique et un rail de guidage, dans laquelle la première extrémité du rail de guidage est en éloignement du rail ferroviaire classique ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue de détail correspondant à celle de la figure 4, mais dans laquelle la première extrémité du rail de guidage est en rapprochement à proximité immédiate du rail ferroviaire classique ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue d'ensemble en perspective de dessus du dispositif de croisement de rails de l'invention prévu pour le croisement entre un rail de guidage et un rail ferroviaire classique selon une variante à déplacement de la partie extensible d'un seul côté ;
  • la figure 7 est une vue est une vue d'ensemble en perspective de dessus du dispositif de croisement de rails de l'invention prévu pour le croisement entre un rail de guidage et deux rails ferroviaires parallèles selon une variante à déplacement de la partie extensible des deux côtés ;
  • la figure 8 est une vue d'ensemble en perspective de dessus du dispositif de croisement de rails de l'invention selon une variante à déplacement de la partie extensible d'un seul côté dans laquelle le moyen de manoeuvre est situé à côté de la partie extensible et comprend une vis sans fin de commande ;
  • la figure 9 est une vue de dessous correspondant à la figure 8 ;
  • la figure 10 est une vue d'ensemble en perspective de dessous du dispositif de croisement de rails de l'invention selon une variante à déplacement de la partie extensible des deux côtés dans laquelle le moyen de manoeuvre est situé à côté de la partie extensible et comprend une vis sans fin de commande ;
  • la figure 11 est une vue d'ensemble en perspective de dessus du dispositif de croisement de rails de l'invention selon une variante à déplacement de la partie extensible des deux côtés dans laquelle le moyen de manoeuvre est situé sous la partie extensible et comprend un vérin hydraulique, pneumatique ou électrique ;
  • la figure 12 est une vue d'ensemble en perspective de dessous du dispositif de croisement de rails de l'invention selon une variante à déplacement de la partie extensible des deux côtés dans laquelle le moyen de manoeuvre est situé sous la partie extensible et comprend un hydraulique, pneumatique ou électrique ;
  • la figure 13 est une vue en coupe du dispositif de croisement de rails de l'invention au niveau du rail de guidage ;
  • la figure 14 est une vue en coupe du dispositif de croisement de rails de l'invention au niveau du rail de guidage selon une variante utilisant le principe de l'ornière porteuse pour le rail de guidage ;
  • les figures 15 et 16 sont des vues respectivement en perspective et de profil d'une partie extensible constituée par des usinages alternés dans le rail de guidage ;
  • les figures 17 et 18 sont des vues respectivement en perspective et de profil d'une partie extensible constituée par un assemblage de lamelles transversales ; et
  • les figures 19 et 20 sont des vues respectivement en perspective et de profil d'une partie extensible constituée par un empilage de lamelles souples, soudées alternativement en haut et en bas à la manière d'un accordéon.
Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows, description made with reference to the accompanying drawings given by way of non-limiting examples, in which:
  • the figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a conventional railway crossing illustrating the prior art;
  • the figure 2 is a schematic sectional view of a rail wheel in circulation on a conventional railway rail with a lateral passage space in the form of a rut provided between a side face of the rail head and the roadway;
  • the figure 3 is a schematic sectional view of a rail wheel running on a conventional railway rail with a lateral passage space in the form of a groove provided on the side of the rail head, this groove being bordered laterally by a flap;
  • the figure 4 is a detail view of the rail crossing device of the invention at the intersection of a conventional rail rail and a guide rail, wherein the first end of the guide rail is away from the conventional rail rail;
  • the figure 5 is a detail view corresponding to that of the figure 4 but wherein the first end of the guide rail is in close proximity to the conventional rail rail;
  • the figure 6 is an overall perspective view from above of the rail crossing device of the invention provided for the crossing between a guide rail and a conventional rail rail according to a variant of displacement of the extensible part of a single side;
  • the figure 7 is a view is an overall perspective view from above of the rail crossing device of the invention provided for the crossing between a guide rail and two parallel rail rails according to a variant movement of the extensible part of the two sides;
  • the figure 8 is an overall perspective view from above of the rail crossing device of the invention according to a displacement variant of the single-sided expandable portion in which the operating means is located adjacent to the expandable portion and comprises a control worm;
  • the figure 9 is a bottom view corresponding to the figure 8 ;
  • the figure 10 is an overall perspective view from below of the rail crossing device of the invention according to a variant with displacement of the extensible part of the two sides in which the operating means is located next to the extensible part and comprises a screw endless order;
  • the figure 11 is an overall perspective view from above of the rail crossing device of the invention according to a variant of displacement of the extensible part of the two sides in which the operating means is located under the expandable part and comprises a hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic or electric;
  • the figure 12 is an overall perspective view from below of the rail crossing device of the invention according to a variant with displacement of the extensible part of the two sides in which the operating means is located under the extensible part and comprises a hydraulic, pneumatic or electric;
  • the figure 13 is a sectional view of the rail crossing device of the invention at the guide rail;
  • the figure 14 is a sectional view of the rail crossing device of the invention at the guide rail according to a variant using the principle of the carrier rut for the guide rail;
  • the Figures 15 and 16 are views respectively in perspective and in profile of an expandable portion formed by alternating machining in the guide rail;
  • the Figures 17 and 18 are views respectively in perspective and in profile of an extensible part constituted by an assembly of transverse lamellae; and
  • the Figures 19 and 20 are views respectively in perspective and in profile of an extensible portion constituted by a stack of flexible lamellae, alternately welded up and down in the manner of an accordion.

Le dispositif de croisement 1 de l'invention est destiné au croisement d'un premier système de rail 2 avec un second système de rail 3, ces systèmes de rails 2, 3 étant noyés dans une chaussée 4 de circulation.The crossing device 1 of the invention is intended for the crossing of a first rail system 2 with a second rail system 3, these rail systems 2, 3 being embedded in a roadway 4.

Le premier système de rail 2 peut être prévu pour la circulation ou le guidage d'un véhicule ou de tout autre dispositif mobile, par exemple une structure coulissante montée sur rail, un moyen de manutention roulant sur rail, un pont roulant, un portique, etc.The first rail system 2 may be provided for the circulation or guidance of a vehicle or other mobile device, for example a sliding structure mounted on a rail, a rail-based handling means, an overhead traveling crane, a gantry crane, etc.

Ce premier système de rail 2 comprend un premier rail 5 présentant une tête de rail 6, désignée généralement en tant que champignon. Il peut s'agir d'un rail de guidage, d'un rail ferroviaire classique, ou de tout autre type de rail. Le premier rail 5 peut être un rail sans gorge, ou présenter une ou deux gorges.This first rail system 2 comprises a first rail 5 having a rail head 6, generally designated as a mushroom. It can be a guide rail, a conventional rail rail, or any other type of rail. The first rail 5 may be a rail without a groove, or have one or two grooves.

Le premier système de rail 2 étant noyé dans une chaussée 4 de circulation, la face supérieure 7 de la tête 6 du premier rail 5 affleure sensiblement avec la chaussée 4 de manière à ne pas gêner la circulation, notamment automobile.The first rail system 2 being embedded in a roadway 4 of circulation, the upper face 7 of the head 6 of the first rail 5 is substantially flush with the roadway 4 so as not to impede traffic, especially automobile.

Ce premier rail 5 présente également une première face latérale 8 et une seconde face latérale 9 opposée à la première.This first rail 5 also has a first side face 8 and a second side face 9 opposite to the first.

Comme cela peut être vu sur les figures 2 et 3 Les roues ferroviaires classiques 10 comportent généralement un bandage 11, désignée également en tant que table de roulement, qui est en contact avec la face supérieure 7 de la tête de rail 6, ainsi qu'un boudin 12 ou mentonnet qui assure le guidage en prenant appui sur la première face latérale 8 de la tête de rail 6.As can be seen on the Figures 2 and 3 The conventional railway wheels 10 generally comprise a tire 11, also designated as a tread, which is in contact with the upper face 7 of the rail head 6, and a flange 12 or lug which provides guidance by taking bearing on the first lateral face 8 of the rail head 6.

Sur un profil normalisé, le boudin 12 présente habituellement une hauteur de 30 millimètres de hauteur et une largeur de 32 millimètres.On a standardized profile, the flange 12 usually has a height of 30 millimeters in height and a width of 32 millimeters.

Puisque le premier système de rail 2 est noyé dans une chaussée 4 de circulation, un espace 13 doit être prévu dans la chaussée 4 ou dans la tête de rail 6 pour le passage du boudin 12.Since the first rail system 2 is embedded in a roadway 4, a space 13 must be provided in the roadway 4 or in the rail head 6 for the passage of the coil 12.

Dans le cas d'un rail 5 non prévu pour la circulation d'une roue ferroviaire classique 10, un tel espace peut également être nécessaire pour le passage de tout autre type de structure en relief 14 d'un moyen de roulement ou de guidage 15.In the case of a rail 5 not intended for the circulation of a conventional rail wheel 10, such a space may also be necessary for the passage of any other type of raised structure 14 of a rolling or guiding means 15 .

Cet espace 13 peut être nécessaire uniquement d'un côté de la tête de rail 6, ou des deux côtés, par exemple pour la circulation d'une roue ferroviaire à deux boudins ou pour tout autre moyen de roulement ou de guidage 15 présentant des structures en relief 14.This space 13 may be necessary only on one side of the rail head 6, or on both sides, for example for the circulation of a two-stranded railway wheel or for any other rolling or guiding means 15 having structures embossed 14.

Ainsi, dans le premier système de rail 2 un moyen d'espacement 16 est prévu pour délimiter un espace de passage 13 du côté d'au moins la première face latérale 8 de la tête de rail 6.Thus, in the first rail system 2 spacing means 16 is provided to delimit a passage space 13 on the side of at least the first lateral face 8 of the rail head 6.

Ce moyen d'espacement 16 peut être prévu de manière classique sous la forme d'une gorge 17 prévue dans la tête de rail 6 du côté de la première face latérale 8 du premier rail 5. Comme cela est le cas pour un rail classique à gorge 18, également connu sous le nom de rail de type « Broca », ladite gorge 17 peut être bordée latéralement par une bavette 19.This spacing means 16 may be conventionally provided in the form of a groove 17 provided in the rail head 6 on the side of the first lateral face 8 of the first rail 5. As is the case for a conventional rail with groove 18, also known as "Broca" type rail, said groove 17 may be laterally bordered by a flap 19.

Le moyen d'espacement 16 peut se présenter sous n'importe quelle autre forme permettant de former un espace de passage 13 d'au moins un côté de la tête du rail 6. Il peut ainsi se présenter sous la forme d'un volume libre 20 prévu entre la première face latérale 8 de la tête de rail 6 et la chaussée 4.The spacing means 16 can be in any other form to form a passage space 13 of at least one side of the head of the rail 6. It can be in the form of a free volume Provided between the first side face 8 of the rail head 6 and the roadway 4.

Le second système de rail 3 est préférentiellement prévu pour le guidage d'un véhicule. Il comprend un rail de guidage 21 présentant une tête de rail 22 avec une face supérieure 23 affleurant sensiblement avec la chaussée 4.The second rail system 3 is preferably provided for guiding a vehicle. It comprises a guide rail 21 having a rail head 22 with an upper face 23 substantially flush with the roadway 4.

Le rail de guidage 21 est de préférence, mais non exclusivement, un rail de guidage 21 pour un tramway sur pneumatiques, par exemple guidé par un rail central, avec des galets inclinés portant sur les faces latérales 24, 25 de la tête de rail 22 par leur bandage.The guide rail 21 is preferably, but not exclusively, a guide rail 21 for a tramway on tires, for example guided by a central rail, with inclined rollers bearing on the lateral faces 24, 25 of the rail head 22. by their bandage.

Ce rail de guidage 21 croise le premier rail 5, aussi est-il interrompu au niveau de son croisement avec le premier rail 5 pour former deux tronçons de rail 26, 27, à savoir un premier tronçon 26 par exemple situé du côté de la première face latérale 8 du premier rail 5 et un second tronçon 27 26 par exemple situé du côté de la seconde face latérale 9 du premier rail 5.This guide rail 21 crosses the first rail 5, so it is interrupted at its crossing with the first rail 5 to form two rail sections 26, 27, namely a first section 26 for example located on the side of the first lateral face 8 of the first rail 5 and a second section 27 26 for example located on the side of the second side face 9 of the first rail 5.

Ces deux tronçons 26, 27 présentent des extrémités 28, 29 en regard de part et d'autre du premier rail 5 au niveau du croisement, à savoir une première extrémité 28 par exemple située du côté de la première face latérale 8 du premier rail 5 et une seconde extrémité 29 par exemple située du côté de la seconde face latérale 9 du premier rail 5.These two sections 26, 27 have ends 28, 29 facing each side of the first rail 5 at the crossing, namely a first end 28 for example located on the side of the first side face 8 of the first rail 5 and a second end 29, for example, located on the side of the second lateral face 9 of the first rail 5.

Afin de permettre le guidage, ces deux tronçons 26, 27 doivent être à proximité immédiate du premier rail 5, tandis que la tête 6 de ce dernier présente préférentiellement des découpes transversales 30 afin de libérer le passage pour des moyens de guidage du véhicule guidé par rail, ces découpes transversales 30 étant réalisées selon une direction parallèle à l'axe des deux tronçons 26, 27 du rail de guidage 21.In order to allow guiding, these two sections 26, 27 must be in close proximity to the first rail 5, while the head 6 of the latter preferably has transverse cuts 30 in order to free the passage for guiding means of the vehicle guided by rail, these transverse cuts 30 being made in a direction parallel to the axis of the two sections 26, 27 of the guide rail 21.

Ces découpes transversales 30 apparaissent très clairement sur les figures 4 à 8.These transverse cuts 30 appear very clearly on the Figures 4 to 8 .

Par proximité immédiate, on entend une distance d'écartement suffisamment faible pour que celle-ci ne présente pas une discontinuité ou distance d'écartement trop importante afin de ne pas affecter la fiabilité et la qualité du guidage. Elle est inférieure à 1 centimètre, et de préférence de l'ordre de 1 à 5 millimètres.Immediate proximity means a spacing distance sufficiently small that it does not have a discontinuity or distance spacing too large so as not to affect the reliability and quality of guidance. It is less than 1 centimeter, and preferably of the order of 1 to 5 millimeters.

On notera que les découpes transversales 30 sont les seules modifications à éventuellement apporter au premier rail 5 lors de la mise en place du dispositif de croisement de l'invention. Ainsi, au niveau du croisement, le premier rail 5 n'a pas besoin d'être découpé ou interrompu et peut avantageusement rester d'une seule pièce.It will be noted that the transverse cuts 30 are the only modifications that may be made to the first rail 5 when the crossover device of the invention is put in place. Thus, at the crossing, the first rail 5 does not need to be cut or interrupted and can advantageously remain in one piece.

Sur les figures, au niveau du croisement, le moyen d'espacement 16 pour le passage des boudins 12 - ou de tout autre type de structure en relief 14 d'un moyen de roulement ou de guidage 15 - présente un comblement graduel et partiel 31 permettant à ce moyen de roulement ou de guidage 15 de reposer sur le premier rail 5, non pas par son bandage, mais par son boudin 12 ou structure équivalente en relief 14. Ce report de l'effort de roulage sur les boudins 12 ou structures équivalentes en relief 14, limité au niveau du croisement, est connu de l'homme du métier sous la dénomination du principe d'ornière porteuse. Il permet notamment d'éviter que le moyen de roulement ou de guidage 15 ne tombe dans les découpes transversales 30, ce qui entrainerait beaucoup de bruit ainsi qu'une usure considérable à la fois du rail et du moyen de roulement ou de guidage.In the figures, at the intersection, the spacing means 16 for the passage of the strands 12 - or any other type of raised structure 14 of a rolling or guiding means 15 - has a gradual and partial filling 31 allowing this rolling or guiding means 15 to rest on the first rail 5, not by its bandage, but by its flange 12 or equivalent structure in relief 14. This transfer of the rolling force on the flanges 12 or structures Equivalents in relief 14, limited at the crossing, is known to those skilled in the art under the name of the rut carrier principle. It makes it possible in particular to prevent the rolling or guiding means 15 from falling into the transverse cutouts 30, which would cause a lot of noise and considerable wear both of the rail and of the rolling or guiding means.

On notera ainsi que les roues du véhicule prévu pour circuler sur le premier système de rail ne reposent que sur les rails 5 du premier système de rail et non pas sur une quelconque pièce mobile du dispositif. Ainsi, le poids du véhicule prévu pour circuler sur le premier système de rail ne repose pas sur le premier ou le second tronçon 26, 27 du second système de rail, ni sur la partie extensible 32, ni sur le moyen de manoeuvre 33.
du ou des boudins 12 ou structure(s) équivalente(s) en relief 14 de la roue ferroviaire 10 ou d'un autre moyen de roulement ou de guidage 15 sur le premier rail 5, au moins une des extrémités 28, 29 des deux tronçons 26, 27 doit pouvoir être éloignée du premier rail 5. Cet éloignement doit être suffisant pour permettre le passage du ou des boudins 12 ou structure(s) équivalente(s) en relief 14 au niveau du moyen d'espacement 16 prévu pour le premier rail 5. Cet éloignement est supérieur à 1 centimètre, et de préférence de l'ordre de 3 à 5 centimètres.It will thus be noted that the wheels of the vehicle intended to run on the first rail system rest only on the rails 5 of the first rail system and not on any moving part of the device. Thus, the weight of the vehicle intended to circulate on the first rail system does not rest on the first or the second section 26, 27 of the second rail system, nor on the extensible part 32, nor on the operating means 33.
of the bulge (s) 12 or equivalent structure (s) in relief 14 of the rail wheel 10 or of another rolling or guiding means 15 on the first rail 5, at least one of the ends 28, 29 of the two sections 26, 27 must be able to be moved away from the first rail 5. This distance must be sufficient to allow the passage or the bulges 12 or structure (s) equivalent (s) embossed 14 at the spacing means 16 provided for the first rail 5. This distance is greater than 1 centimeter, and preferably of the order of 3 to 5 centimeters.

On notera que le moyen de roulement ou de guidage 15, selon sa nature et sa conformation, n'est forcément prévu pour rouler sur le premier rail 5, mais il peut également glisser sur celui-ci ou être en temporairement en contact de guidage avec lui.Note that the rolling or guiding means 15, according to its nature and its conformation, is not necessarily intended to roll on the first rail 5, but it can also slide on it or be temporarily in guiding contact with him.

Afin de pouvoir déplacer les extrémités 28, 29 des deux tronçons 26, 27 en éloignement du premier rail 5, le dispositif 1 de l'invention comprend au moins une partie extensible 32 prévue au moins dans le premier ou le second tronçon 26, 27.In order to be able to move the ends 28, 29 of the two sections 26, 27 away from the first rail 5, the device 1 of the invention comprises at least one extensible portion 32 provided at least in the first or the second section 26, 27.

Bien que sur les figures dessins on a toujours représenté la partie extensible 32 préférentiellement dans le premier tronçon 26, il est tout à fait possible de prévoir la partie extensible 32 dans le second tronçon 27.Although in the drawing figures the extensible part 32 has always been represented preferably in the first section 26, it is quite possible to provide the extensible part 32 in the second section 27.

Lorsque le premier rail 5 comporte une gorge 17, une partie extensible 32 est prévue du côté de la gorge.When the first rail 5 has a groove 17, an expandable portion 32 is provided on the side of the groove.

Bien entendu, une partie extensible 32 peut être aussi bien prévue dans le premier tronçon 26, dans le second tronçon 27 ou dans ces deux tronçons 26,27.Of course, an expandable portion 32 may be provided as well in the first section 26, in the second section 27 or in these two sections 26,27.

Ceci dépend notamment du type de rail 5 utilisé dans le premier système de rail 2, de sa conformation et du type de moyen de roulement ou de guidage 15 prévu pour rouler ou glisser sur ce rail 5.This depends in particular on the type of rail 5 used in the first rail system 2, its conformation and the type of rolling or guiding means 15 provided for rolling or sliding on this rail 5.

Dans le cas où le premier système de rail 2 comprend une paire de rails 5 et 5b et que la partie extensible 32 du second système de rail 3 est située entre ceux-ci (voir figure 7), l'écartement entre ces rails et/ou l'angle d'inclinaison entre le premier système de rail 2 et le second système de rail 3 doivent cependant être suffisants pour que l'amplitude d'extension et de contraction de la partie extensible 32 permettent l'éloignement minimal défini plus haut.In the case where the first rail system 2 comprises a pair of rails 5 and 5b and the extensible portion 32 of the second rail system 3 is located between them (see figure 7 ), the spacing between these rails and / or the angle of inclination between the first rail system 2 and the second rail system 3 must however be sufficient for the extension and contraction amplitude of the extensible part. 32 allow the minimum distance defined above.

Cette partie extensible 32 peut se présenter sous la forme d'une partie extensible 32 habituellement prévue pour absorber les phénomènes de dilatation thermique des rails. Elle peut se présenter sous n'importe quelle autre forme permettant de réduire ou de prolonger la longueur du rail de guidage 21.This expandable portion 32 may be in the form of an expandable portion 32 usually provided to absorb the thermal expansion phenomena of the rails. It can be in any other form to reduce or extend the length of the guide rail 21.

Selon une première variante de la partie extensible 32 représentée sur les figures 15 et 16, celle-ci est constituée par des usinages alternés dans le rail de guidage 21.According to a first variant of the extensible part 32 represented on the Figures 15 and 16 , it is constituted by alternating machining in the guide rail 21.

Selon une seconde variante représentée sur les figures 17 et 18, la partie extensible 32 est constituée par un assemblage de lamelles transversales.According to a second variant represented on the Figures 17 and 18 the extensible portion 32 is constituted by an assembly of transverse lamellae.

Ces lamelles transversales peuvent reliées entre elles par emboitement télescopique ou par coulissement sur au moins une structure de guidage longitudinale commune.These transverse lamellae may be interconnected by telescopic engagement or by sliding on at least one common longitudinal guide structure.

Ainsi, sur les figures 17 et 18, les lamelles transversales présentes des perçages 43 dans leur partie inférieure permettant l'introduction de deux barres de guidage (non représentées) communes à toutes les lamelles transversales pour leur maintien et leur guidage en contraction et en extension selon ces barres de guidage.Thus, on the Figures 17 and 18 , the transverse lamellae present holes 43 in their lower part allowing the introduction of two guide bars (not shown) common to all the transverse lamellae for their maintenance and guidance in contraction and extension according to these bars of guide.

Selon une troisième variante représentée sur la figure 18, la partie extensible 32 est constituée par un empilage de lamelles souples, soudées alternativement en haut et en bas à la manière d'un accordéon. Puisque le dispositif de l'invention est noyé dans la chaussée, de la place est disponible vers le bas pour celui-ci, aussi selon cette quatrième variante les lamelles souples peuvent être relativement hautes et se prolonger vers le bas afin de permettre une plus grande amplitude pour l'extension et la contraction de la partie extensible 32.According to a third variant represented on the figure 18 , the extensible portion 32 is constituted by a stack of flexible strips, welded alternately up and down in the manner of an accordion. Since the device of the invention is embedded in the roadway, room is available downwards for it, also according to this fourth variant the flexible sipes can be relatively high and extend downwards to allow greater amplitude for extension and contraction of the expandable portion 32.

Une matière élastique peut être est intercalée entre chaque lamelle transversale afin d'assurer une meilleure continuité de la partie extensible 32 du rail entre les lamelles transversales. Cette matière élastique permet notamment d'éviter l'encrassement des lacunes entre les lamelles par les salissures et débris urbains divers, tout en évitant qu'un piéton ne puisse être pincé entre deux lamelles lors la contraction de la partie extensible 32, garantissant ainsi un niveau de sécurité supplémentaire pour le dispositif. La partie extensible 32 est ainsi préférentiellement sous la forme d'un sandwich caoutchouc/métal.An elastic material may be interposed between each transverse lamella to ensure a better continuity of the expandable portion 32 of the rail between the transverse lamellae. This elastic material makes it possible, in particular, to prevent fouling of the gaps between the lamellae by soiling and various urban debris, while avoiding that a pedestrian can be pinched between two lamellae during the contraction of the extensible part 32, thus guaranteeing a additional security level for the device. The extensible portion 32 is thus preferably in the form of a rubber / metal sandwich.

Le dispositif 1 de l'invention comprend également un moyen de manoeuvre 33 prévu pour étirer et contracter en longueur la partie extensible 32 du rail de guidage 21. Ce moyen de manoeuvre 33 permet de forcer la partie extensible 32 à se dilater ou à se contracter, selon une amplitude souvent bien supérieure à celle rencontrée en cas de simple dilatation thermique due aux variations de température.The device 1 of the invention also comprises an operating means 33 designed to stretch and contract in length the extensible portion 32 of the guide rail 21. This actuating means 33 makes it possible to force the expandable part 32 to expand or contract , in an amplitude often much greater than that encountered in the case of simple thermal expansion due to temperature variations.

Ce moyen de manoeuvre 33 permet de déplacer au moins une des extrémités 28, 29 des deux tronçons 26, 27 entre une position contractée dans laquelle par exemple la première extrémité 28 est située en éloignement du premier rail 5 selon une distance suffisante pour permettre la circulation d'un véhicule ou de tout autre dispositif mobile sur ce rail 5, et une position étirée par exemple dans laquelle la première extrémité 28 est située en rapprochement du premier rail 5 selon une proximité immédiate suffisante pour assurer le guidage d'un véhicule sur le rail de guidage 21.This operating means 33 makes it possible to move at least one of the ends 28, 29 of the two sections 26, 27 between a contracted position in which for example the first end 28 is located away from the first rail 5 at a distance sufficient to allow the circulation of a vehicle or any other mobile device on this rail 5, and a stretched position for example in which the first end 28 is located close to the first rail 5 in an immediate proximity sufficient to ensure the guidance of a vehicle on the guide rail 21.

Selon une variante de l'invention représentée sur les figures 11 et 12, le moyen de manoeuvre 33 comprend au moins un vérin hydraulique, pneumatique 34, ou électrique.According to a variant of the invention shown on Figures 11 and 12 , the operating means 33 comprises at least one hydraulic, pneumatic jack 34, or electric.

Selon une autre variante de l'invention représentée sur les figures 8 à 10, le moyen de manoeuvre 33 comprend au moins une vis sans fin 35.According to another variant of the invention shown in Figures 8 to 10 the operating means 33 comprises at least one worm 35.

Le moyen de manoeuvre 33 comprend préférentiellement au moins un dispositif de manoeuvre de secours manuel permettant d'actionner manuellement le moyen de manoeuvre 33 en cas de panne, notamment du système de commande.The operating means 33 preferably comprises at least one manual emergency maneuvering device for manually actuating the operating means 33 in case of failure, including the control system.

Dans le cas où le moyen de manoeuvre 33 comprend au moins une vis sans fin 35, ce dispositif de manoeuvre de secours manuel peut comporter une manivelle et un renvoi d'angle qui permet d'actionner la ou les vis sans fin 35.In the case where the operating means 33 comprises at least one worm 35, this manual emergency maneuvering device may comprise a crank and a bevel gear which makes it possible to actuate the worm (s) 35.

Avantageusement, le moyen de manoeuvre 33 un système irréversible, c'est-à-dire qu'il reste fixe en position même en cas de coupure de son alimentation, afin d'être naturellement verrouillé en position d'extension ou de contraction de la partie extensible 32 pour une sécurité maximale.Advantageously, the operating means 33 an irreversible system, that is to say that it remains fixed in position even in case of power failure, in order to be naturally locked in position of extension or contraction of the Extensible part 32 for maximum security.

La position extrémale de sécurité du moyen de manoeuvre 33 correspond préférentiellement à celle de contraction de la partie extensible 32 car cette position permet le passage du véhicule sur le premier système de rail 2, et a également de fortes chances de permettre le passage du véhicule sur le second système de rail 3, surtout si celui-ci est en ligne droite.The extreme safety position of the operating means 33 preferably corresponds to that of contraction of the extensible portion 32 because this position allows the passage of the vehicle on the first rail system 2, and is also likely to allow the passage of the vehicle on the second rail system 3, especially if it is in a straight line.

Afin de ne pas trop solliciter la partie extensible 32 du premier tronçon 26, le dispositif de croisement de rails 1 de l'invention est préférentiellement construit à l'état libre en position d'équilibre à mi-course. Ainsi, la position contractée pour la partie extensible 32 du rail de guidage 21 correspond à une position d'équilibre à mi-course du moyen de manoeuvre 33.In order not to overly stress the extensible portion 32 of the first section 26, the rail crossing device 1 of the invention is preferably built in the free state in the equilibrium position halfway. Thus, the contracted position for the expandable portion 32 of the guide rail 21 corresponds to an equilibrium position at mid-travel of the operating means 33.

Le dispositif 1 de l'invention comprend également de préférence un moyen de guidage en trajectoire 36 pour la partie extensible 32 du rail de guidage 21 afin de guider l'étirement et la contraction en longueur de la partie extensible 32 selon une trajectoire définie.The device 1 of the invention also preferably comprises path guidance means 36 for the expandable portion 32 of the guide rail 21 to guide stretching and contraction in length of the expandable portion 32 in a defined path.

Sans ce guidage, l'étirement et la contraction en longueur de la partie extensible 32 pourrait se faire selon une trajectoire non souhaitée, qui ne permettrait par exemple pas à une des extrémités 28, 29 des tronçons 26, 27 de se trouver à proximité immédiate du premier rail 5 lors de l'étirement de la partie extensible 32 du premier tronçon 26.Without this guidance, stretching and contraction in length of the extensible portion 32 could be in an undesired path, which would not allow for example one of the ends 28, 29 of the sections 26, 27 to be in the immediate vicinity of the first rail 5 during the stretching of the extensible portion 32 of the first section 26.

Bien que sur les figures on ait seulement représenté des rails rectilignes pour le premier et le second système de rail 2, 3, le dispositif de l'invention est parfaitement adapté à des rails courbes. Dans le cas d'une partie extensible 32 curviligne pour le second système de rail 3, le moyen de guidage en trajectoire 36 permet ainsi de s'assurer que l'étirement et la contraction en longueur de la partie extensible 32 s'effectue selon la trajectoire courbe générale du rail, par exemple en arc de cercle.Although in the figures only rectilinear rails have been shown for the first and the second rail system 2, 3, the device of the invention is perfectly adapted to curved rails. In the case of a curvilinear expandable portion 32 for the second rail system 3, the path guide means 36 thus ensures that stretching and contraction in length of the expandable portion 32 is effected according to the trajectory general curve of the rail, for example in an arc.

Lors de l'étirement en longueur de la partie extensible 32, il est important que la première extrémité 28 du rail de guidage 21 puisse arriver à proximité immédiate du premier rail 5. Le moyen d'espacement 16 de ce rail, ou tout autre élément situé au niveau de la partie basse du premier rail 5, peut par exemple gêner ce déplacement.When stretching the extensible portion 32 in length, it is important that the first end 28 of the guide rail 21 be able to reach the immediate vicinity of the first rail 5. The spacing means 16 of this rail, or any other element located at the lower part of the first rail 5, may for example interfere with this movement.

Ainsi, la première extrémité 28 du rail de guidage 21 présente préférentiellement un évidement 37 situé sous la face supérieure 23 de la tête de rail 22 afin de pouvoir coulisser au-dessus du moyen d'espacement 16 du premier rail 5 lors de l'étirement en longueur de la partie extensible 32 du premier tronçon 26.Thus, the first end 28 of the guide rail 21 preferably has a recess 37 located under the upper face 23 of the rail head 22 so as to be able to slide above the spacing means 16 of the first rail 5 during stretching. in length of the extensible portion 32 of the first section 26.

Lorsque le moyen d'espacement 16 présente un comblement graduel et partiel 31, l'évidement 37 situé sous la face supérieure 23 de la tête de rail 22 doit être suffisamment important pour permettre à la première extrémité 28 du rail de guidage 21 de passer au-dessus de ce comblement graduel et partiel 31 lors de l'extension de la partie extensible 32.When the spacing means 16 has a gradual and partial filling 31, the recess 37 located under the upper face 23 of the rail head 22 must be large enough to allow the first end 28 of the guide rail 21 to pass above this gradual and partial filling 31 during the extension of the extensible part 32.

De même, lorsque le moyen d'espacement 16 est prévu sous la forme d'une gorge 17 bordée par une bavette 19, celle-ci présente préférentiellement une découpe 38 pour permettre à la première extrémité 28 du rail de guidage 21 de pouvoir coulisser au-dessus du moyen d'espacement 16 du premier rail 5 lors de l'étirement en longueur de la partie extensible 32 du premier tronçon 26.Similarly, when the spacer means 16 is provided in the form of a groove 17 bordered by a flap 19, it preferably has a cutout 38 to allow the first end 28 of the guide rail 21 to be able to slide at above the spacing means 16 of the first rail 5 during the stretching in length of the extensible portion 32 of the first section 26.

Selon une variante de l'invention, qu'il est possible de voir notamment sur les figures 4 et 5, le principe de l'ornière porteuse peut également être utilisé pour le rail de guidage 21 au niveau du croisement, afin notamment de surélever les moyens de guidage du véhicule prévus pour porter sur ce rail.According to a variant of the invention, it is possible to see in particular on the Figures 4 and 5 , the principle of the carrier rut can also be used for the guide rail 21 at the crossing, in particular to raise the vehicle guide means for carrying on this rail.

Les moyens permettant d'adapter le principe de l'ornière porteuse au rail de guidage 21 de l'invention dépendent bien entendu du type et de la conformation des moyens de guidage pour véhicule prévus pour porter sur le rail de guidage 21.The means making it possible to adapt the principle of the carrier rut to the guide rail 21 of the invention depend, of course, on the type and conformation of the vehicle guide means intended to bear on the guide rail 21.

Sur les dessins est représenté à titre d'exemple un rail de guidage 21 prévu pour un moyen de guidage comportant des galets inclinés 39 à mentonnets 40, ces galets inclinés 39 étant prévus pour porter par leur bandage 41 sur les faces latérales 24, 25 de la tête de rail 22 du rail de guidage 21.In the drawings is shown by way of example a guide rail 21 provided for a guide means comprising inclined rollers 39 with chins 40, these inclined rollers 39 being provided for carrying by their bandage 41 on the lateral faces 24, 25 of the rail head 22 of the guide rail 21.

Selon la variante de l'invention précitée, au niveau du croisement, le rail de guidage 21 présente par exemple des rampes latérales 42 situées en dessous de sa tête de rail 22 et prévues pour engager les mentonnets 40 des galets inclinés 39 des moyens de guidage du véhicule guidé par rail. Ces rampes latérales 42 sont montantes en direction du premier rail 5 qu'elles croisent de sorte qu'au niveau de ce rail 5, les galets inclinés 39 ne portent plus sur le rail de guidage 21 par leur bandage 41 sur les faces latérales 24, 25 de la tête de rail 22 mais par leurs mentonnets 40 sur les rampes latérales 42. Lorsque ces mentonnets portent sur la partie la plus haute des rampes latérales 42, les moyens de guidage du véhicule guidé par rail sont alors soulevés afin de faciliter leur passage à travers le premier rail 5, notamment au-dessus du comblement graduel et partiel 3 qu'il peut éventuellement comporter.According to the variant of the aforementioned invention, at the crossing, the guide rail 21 has for example side ramps 42 located below its rail head 22 and provided to engage the lugs 40 of the inclined rollers 39 of the guide means of the vehicle guided by rail. These lateral ramps 42 are rising in the direction of the first rail 5 which they cross so that at this rail 5, the inclined rollers 39 no longer bear on the guide rail 21 by their bandage 41 on the lateral faces 24, 25 of the rail head 22 but by their 40. When these chins bear on the highest part of the lateral ramps 42, the guiding means of the vehicle guided by rail are then raised in order to facilitate their passage through the first rail 5, in particular to above the gradual and partial filling 3 that it may possibly include.

Un exemple de principe d'application de l'ornière porteuse au rail de guidage est donné à titre d'illustration sur les figures 13 et 14. La variante représentée sur les figures n'est donnée qu'à titre d'illustration et dépend bien entendu du système de guidage utilisé. Elle ne doit pas être interprétée de manière limitative.An example of principle of application of the carrier rut to the guide rail is given by way of illustration on the Figures 13 and 14 . The variant shown in the figures is given for illustrative purposes and of course depends on the guiding system used. It should not be interpreted in a limiting way.

Bien que cela ne soit pas représenté sur les figures, le dispositif de croisement 1 de l'invention comprend préférentiellement un système de commande permettant d'actionner le moyen de manoeuvre 33 afin de provoquer l'étirement ou la contraction en longueur de la partie extensible 32 du rail de guidage 21 selon qu'un véhicule se présente sur l'un ou l'autre des rails 5, 21 du croisement.Although this is not shown in the figures, the crossing device 1 of the invention preferably comprises a control system for actuating the operating means 33 to cause stretching or contraction in length of the extensible part. 32 of the guide rail 21 according to a vehicle is on either of the rails 5, 21 of the crossing.

Le cas de croisement le plus simple est celui du croisement entre un premier rail 5 et un rail de guidage 21, tel que cela est représenté sur la figure 6.The simplest crossing case is that of the crossing between a first rail 5 and a guide rail 21, as shown in FIG. figure 6 .

Dans ce cas, le déplacement de la partie extensible 32 peut se faire d'un seul côté, à savoir du côté situé vers le premier rail 5.In this case, the displacement of the extensible part 32 can be done on one side, namely on the side located towards the first rail 5.

Lorsque le premier rail 5 est un rail ferroviaire prévu pour la circulation d'un véhicule, il est souvent prévu par paire avec un second rail 5b, comme cela est représenté sur la figure 7. Ainsi, le premier système de rail 2 comprend dans ce cas un premier rail 5 et un second rail 5b, et le rail de guidage 21 est susceptible de croiser à la fois le premier rail 5 et le second rail 5b.When the first rail 5 is a railway rail intended for the circulation of a vehicle, it is often provided in pairs with a second rail 5b, as shown in FIG. figure 7 . Thus, the first rail system 2 comprises in this case a first rail 5 and a second rail 5b, and the guide rail 21 is able to cross both the first rail 5 and the second rail 5b.

Dans ce cas, on peut envisager d'utiliser deux dispositifs de croisement 1 de l'invention, à savoir un dispositif 1 pour le croisement entre le premier rail 5 et le rail de guidage 21 et un autre dispositif de croisement de l'invention pour le croisement entre le second rail 5b et le rail de guidage 21 les deux dispositifs pouvant alors être actionnée par un moyen de manoeuvre 33 commun.In this case, it is conceivable to use two crossing devices 1 of the invention, namely a device 1 for the crossing between the first rail 5 and the guide rail 21 and another crossing device of the invention for the crossing between the second rail 5b and the guide rail 21, the two devices can then be actuated by a common actuating means 33.

On peut également envisager d'utiliser un seul dispositif de croisement 1 de l'invention prévu entre le premier rail 5 et le second rail 5b, avec par conséquent un seul moyen de manoeuvre 33 et une seule partie extensible. Dans ce cas, le déplacement en extension et en contraction de la partie extensible 32 s'effectue alors des deux côtés, à savoir du côté situé vers le premier rail 5 et du côté situé vers le second rail 5b, généralement avec une amplitude double par rapport à celle nécessaire pour le croisement avec un seul rail 5.It is also conceivable to use a single crossing device 1 of the invention provided between the first rail 5 and the second rail 5b, with consequently only one operating means 33 and a single extensible part. In this case, the extension and contraction of the extensible part 32 is then effected on both sides, namely on the side situated towards the first rail 5 and on the side situated towards the second rail 5b, generally with a double amplitude by compared to that required for crossing with a single rail 5.

Le dispositif de croisement 1 de l'invention peut également s'adapter à d'autres situations, sans s'écarter du concept inventif de l'invention.The crossover device 1 of the invention can also be adapted to other situations without departing from the inventive concept of the invention.

Ainsi, bien que le cas le plus fréquent concerne un premier rail 5 prévu pour un moyen de roulement ou de guidage 15 présentant une structure en relief 14 d'un seul côté, généralement du côté interne dans le cas d'une paire de rails ferroviaires classiques prévues pour une roue ferroviaire 10 à structure en relief 14 de type boudin 12, le dispositif 1 de l'invention peut être adapté pour un premier rail 5 prévu pour un moyen de roulement ou de guidage 15 présentant une structure en relief 14 de l'autre côté ou des deux côtés.Thus, although the most common case relates to a first rail 5 provided for a rolling or guiding means 15 having a raised structure 14 on one side, generally on the inner side in the case of a pair of rail rails classics provided for a rail wheel 10 with relief structure 14 of the coil type 12, the device 1 of the invention can be adapted for a first rail 5 provided for a rolling or guiding means 15 having a raised structure 14 of the other side or both sides.

Dans ce cas, la seconde extrémité 29 des tronçons 26, 27, qui est située du côté de la seconde face latérale 9 du premier rail 5 et dans le prolongement de la première extrémité 28, n'est pas située à proximité immédiate de la seconde face latérale 9 du premier rail 5. En effet, dans ce cas particulier, la seconde extrémité 29 doit pouvoir être déplacée de la même manière que la première extrémité 28, à savoir entre une position écartée et une position approchée.In this case, the second end 29 of the sections 26, 27, which is situated on the side of the second lateral face 9 of the first rail 5 and in the extension of the first end 28, is not located in the immediate vicinity of the second In this particular case, the second end 29 must be able to be moved in the same manner as the first end 28, namely between a spaced position and an approximate position.

Pour satisfaire à ce problème technique, il est nécessaire d'utiliser deux dispositifs de croisement 1 de l'invention à raison d'un dispositif de croisement de chaque côté du premier rail 5, avec une partie extensible 32 prévue dans le rail de guidage 21 de de chaque côté du premier rail 5. Puisque dans ce cas, les deux dispositifs de croisement 1 utilisés concernent le même croisement et les mêmes rails 5, 21, il est néanmoins possible de faire l'économie de la duplication certains moyens de l'invention. Ainsi, il peut par exemple être possible d'utiliser un seul moyen de manoeuvre 33 commun aux deux dispositifs 1 pour étirer et contracter en longueur la partie extensible 32 de chacun d'entre eux.To meet this technical problem, it is necessary to use two crossing devices 1 of the invention at the rate of a crossing device on each side of the first rail 5, with an extensible portion 32 provided in the guide rail 21 on each side of the first rail 5. Since in this case, the two crossing devices 1 used concern the same crossing and the same rails 5, 21, it is nevertheless possible to save the duplication some means of the invention. Thus, it may for example be possible to use a single operating means 33 common to the two devices 1 to stretch and contract in length the extensible portion 32 of each of them.

De manière évidente, l'invention ne se limite pas aux modes de réalisation préférentiels décrits précédemment et représentés sur les différentes figures, l'homme du métier pouvant y apporter de nombreuses modifications et imaginer d'autres variantes sans sortir ni de la portée, ni du cadre de l'invention définis par les revendications.Obviously, the invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above and shown in the various figures, the skilled person can make many modifications and imagine other variants without departing from the scope and of the scope of the invention defined by the claims.

Claims (15)

  1. Rail crossing device (1) designed for crossing a first rail system (2) embedded in a road surface (4) with a second rail system (3) embedded in the road surface (4), said device comprising:
    - a first rail system (2) designed for moving or guiding a vehicle or any other movable device and comprising:
    • at least one first rail (5) having a rail head (6), the upper surface (7) of which is substantially flush with the road surface (4), a first side surface (8) and a second side surface (9) opposite the first; and
    • at least one spacing means (16) designed for defining a passage space (13) for raised structures (14) of rolling or guiding means (15) at least on the side of the first side surface (8) of the rail head (6);
    - a second rail system (3) designed for guiding a vehicle and comprising at least one guide rail (21), said guide rail (21):
    • having a rail head (22), an upper surface (23) of which is substantially flush with the road surface (4), and crossing the first rail (5);
    • having a break in the region of the crossing with the first rail (5) in order to form two segments (26, 27), respectively having a first end (28) and a second end (29) in alignment with the first end (28);
    - at least one extensible portion (32) integrated into at least the first segment or the second segment (26, 27);
    - at least one manoeuvring means (33) designed for extending and contracting the extensible portion (32) in a lengthwise direction, defining a contracted position in which the first end (28) is moved away from the first rail (5) in order to allow a vehicle or any other movable device to travel along this first rail (5); and an extended position in which the first end (28) is moved towards the first rail (5) in order to guide a vehicle along the guide rail (21).
  2. Rail crossing device (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that:
    - the first segment (26) is located on the side of the first side surface (8) of the first rail (5) and has a first end (28) located on the side of the first side surface (8) of the first rail (5),
    - the second segment (27) is located on the side of the second side surface (9) of the first rail (5) and has a second end (29) located in the immediate vicinity of the second side surface (9) of the first rail (5) and in alignment the first end (28);
    - in the contracted position of the extensible portion (32), the first end (28) is moved away from the first side surface (8) of the first rail (5); and
    - in the extended position of the extensible portion (32), the first end (28) is moved towards the first side surface (8) of the first rail (5).
  3. Rail crossing device (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that it further comprises a path guiding means (36) for the extensible portion (32) of the guide rail (21) designed for guiding the extension and the contraction, in a lengthwise direction, of the extensible portion (32) along a defined path.
  4. Rail crossing device (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the spacing means (16) is in the form of a groove (17) made in the rail head (6) on the side of the first side surface (8) of the first rail (5).
  5. Rail crossing device (1) according to the previous claim, characterised in that the groove (17) is laterally edged by a flaring (19), and in that, in the region of the crossing, said flaring (19) has a cut-out (38) to allow the first end (28) of the guide rail (21) to slide over the spacing means (16) of the first rail (5) during the extension of the extensible portion (32).
  6. Rail crossing device (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the spacing means (16) is in the form of a free space (20) provided between the first side surface (8) of the rail head (6) and the road surface (4).
  7. Rail crossing device (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the extensible portion (32) of the guide rail (21) is formed by alternated machined portions in the rail (21), by an assembly of transverse strips, by an assembly of transverse strips interconnected by telescopic engagement or by sliding on at least one common longitudinal guide structure, or by a stack of flexible strips, welded alternately at the top and bottom in the manner of an accordion.
  8. Rail crossing device (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the extensible portion (32) of the guide rail (21) is formed by an assembly of transverse strips, and in that a resilient material is inserted between each transverse strip.
  9. Rail crossing device (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the contracted position for the extensible portion (32) corresponds to a mid-travel equilibrium position of the manoeuvring means (33).
  10. Rail crossing device (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that, in the region of the crossing, the first rail (5) has cut-outs (30) in its rail head (6) so as to free up the passage for means for guiding the rail-guided vehicle.
  11. Rail crossing device (1) according to the previous claim, characterised in that the cut-outs are transverse and are made in a direction parallel to the axis of the two segments (26, 27) of the guide rail (21).
  12. Rail crossing device (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the first rail (5) is continuous and formed in one piece.
  13. Rail crossing device (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that, in the region of the crossing, the first end (28) of the guide rail (21) has a recess (37) located beneath the upper surface (23) of the rail head (22) in order to be able to slide over the spacing means (16) of the first rail (5) during the extension of the extensible portion (32).
  14. Rail crossing device (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the manoeuvring means (33) comprises at least one hydraulic, pneumatic (34) or electric cylinder, or at least one endless screw (35).
  15. Rail crossing device (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that it comprises at least one manual emergency manoeuvring device allowing the manoeuvring means (33) to be manually actuated in the event of a failure.
EP14749870.3A 2013-06-25 2014-06-10 Rail crossing designed for crossing a guide rail with a second rail Not-in-force EP3014021B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1356092A FR3007430B1 (en) 2013-06-25 2013-06-25 RAIL CROSSING PROVIDED FOR CROSSING A GUIDE RAIL WITH A SECOND RAIL.
PCT/FR2014/051384 WO2014207339A1 (en) 2013-06-25 2014-06-10 Rail crossing designed for crossing a guide rail with a second rail

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3014021A1 EP3014021A1 (en) 2016-05-04
EP3014021B1 true EP3014021B1 (en) 2017-07-19

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14749870.3A Not-in-force EP3014021B1 (en) 2013-06-25 2014-06-10 Rail crossing designed for crossing a guide rail with a second rail

Country Status (11)

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US (1) US9963833B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3014021B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6483672B2 (en)
KR (1) KR20160025493A (en)
CN (1) CN105324532B (en)
BR (1) BR112015026530A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2908867A1 (en)
EA (1) EA029739B9 (en)
ES (1) ES2644044T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3007430B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2014207339A1 (en)

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EP3477004A1 (en) * 2017-10-25 2019-05-01 Jörg Beutler Rail system having expansion joint

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EP3101175B1 (en) * 2015-06-05 2018-05-02 Jez Sistemas Ferroviarios, S.L. Operating and locking mechanism for turnouts of central rail-guided vehicles
CN106192610A (en) * 2016-07-12 2016-12-07 芜湖中铁科吉富轨道有限公司 Track three-throw turnout
AU2018382611A1 (en) * 2017-12-15 2020-07-23 Embedded Rail Technology Limited Rail junction assembly
EP3636238B1 (en) * 2018-10-12 2021-04-28 Liko Research & Development AB Gates with transition ramps for overhead lifting rails
WO2020246678A1 (en) * 2019-06-06 2020-12-10 주) 에이앤티 Eurasian train wheel structure
CN112171628B (en) * 2020-09-28 2022-05-31 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 Device for replacing solid block spray pipe of high-speed wind tunnel
GB202108197D0 (en) * 2021-06-08 2021-07-21 Ocado Innovation Ltd A track system for a storage and retrieval system
NO20211521A1 (en) * 2021-12-16 2023-06-19 Autostore Tech As Crossing with thermal expansion joint for a rail-based grid and method providing a crossing

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2016522342A (en) 2016-07-28
EA029739B9 (en) 2018-08-31
KR20160025493A (en) 2016-03-08
JP6483672B2 (en) 2019-03-13
WO2014207339A1 (en) 2014-12-31
CN105324532A (en) 2016-02-10
US9963833B2 (en) 2018-05-08
EP3014021A1 (en) 2016-05-04
US20160083912A1 (en) 2016-03-24
CN105324532B (en) 2017-05-24
ES2644044T3 (en) 2017-11-27
CA2908867A1 (en) 2014-12-31
EA201591840A1 (en) 2016-01-29
BR112015026530A2 (en) 2017-07-25
FR3007430B1 (en) 2015-06-19
FR3007430A1 (en) 2014-12-26
EA029739B1 (en) 2018-05-31

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