EP3005831A1 - Inductor for induction heating - Google Patents

Inductor for induction heating

Info

Publication number
EP3005831A1
EP3005831A1 EP14766965.9A EP14766965A EP3005831A1 EP 3005831 A1 EP3005831 A1 EP 3005831A1 EP 14766965 A EP14766965 A EP 14766965A EP 3005831 A1 EP3005831 A1 EP 3005831A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inductor
multifilament
region
conductors
conductor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14766965.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3005831B1 (en
Inventor
Dirk Diehl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP3005831A1 publication Critical patent/EP3005831A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3005831B1 publication Critical patent/EP3005831B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
    • E21B43/2401—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection by means of electricity
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
    • E21B43/2406—Steam assisted gravity drainage [SAGD]
    • E21B43/2408—SAGD in combination with other methods
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • H05B6/105—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor
    • H05B6/108—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor for heating a fluid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
    • H05B2214/03—Heating of hydrocarbons

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an inductor for inductive heating of oil sand, oil shale or heavy oil deposits.
  • heating capacity in the area of an inductor to achieve great currents of several hundred amperes are typically necessary because the inductor surrounding reservoir usually we ⁇ king is electrically conductive.
  • the inductor is subjected to an alternating current whose frequency typi ⁇ cally in the range of 10 kHz to 200 kHz.
  • this results in a high inductive voltage drop along an elongated inductor whose length can usually be more than 1 km. In most cases, therefore, the inductive voltage drop is on the order of a few 100 kV. Such voltage can only be easily handled practically, so that it is necessary to compensate for them.
  • Such a compensation can be carried out, for example, by series-connected capacitors as described in the patent DE: 10 2007 040 605.5.
  • the flow interrupted leading conductor of the inductor and thus have interruption points.
  • a disadvantage of such a series connection of capacitors is that the point of interruption form weak points of the inductor ⁇ tors. Partial discharges can occur at the points of interruption, which can lead to the destruction of the inductor.
  • the present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide an improved over the prior art inductor.
  • the inductor according to the invention for the inductive heating of oil sand, oil shale or heavy oil deposits by means of current-carrying conductors comprises at least two areas and a first type connection of the two areas, the two areas each having at least a first and a second multifilament conductor.
  • the connection of the first type is configured such that the first multifilament conductor of the first region is electrically coupled to the second multifilament conductor of the first region via a first capacitor, the first multifilament conductors of the first and second regions are electrically connected, and the second multifilament conductor of the second region is electrically coupled via a second capacitor to the first multifilament conductor of the first region.
  • the interruption point of the inductor corresponds to the interruption of the second multifilament conductor by the first capacitor.
  • the avoidance of partial discharges succeeds by connecting the multi-filament conductors via a first and second capacitor in the manner provided by claim 1.
  • ⁇ sondere conductors of the respective multifilament on a common first and / or second capacitor according to the invention are linked.
  • the conductors of a multifilament conductor are always understood to mean either all conductors of the multifilament conductor or at least a part of the conductors of the multifilament conductor is to be understood.
  • first and second capacitor pa rallel to ⁇ capacity of the conductors are connected in a range such that there is a parallel circuit.
  • the total capacity of the jewei ⁇ time area increases because add the capacities of parallel connected capacitors.
  • the inductor according to the invention thus advantageously combines distributed capacitors with concentrated capacitors.
  • the line capacities are to be understood as distributed Kondensa ⁇ tors.
  • Concentrated capacitors are to be understood as meaning the first and second capacitors.
  • a combination of concentrated and distributed capacitors is proposed which enables a capacitive compensation of the inductor without partial discharges.
  • the second multifilament conductor of the first region of the inductor is interrupted at least once.
  • the conductors of the second Multifilamentlei- ters of the first portion via a concentrated first capacitor to the conductors of uninterrupted first multifilament are electrically coupled.
  • about a concentrated second capacitor is provided the second Multifilament conductor of the second region with the uninterrupted first multifilament conductor of the first region electrically capacitively interconnect.
  • the first multifilament conductor of the first region is connected to the first multifilament conductor of the second region and thus is not interrupted in a connection of the first type.
  • the conductors of the first and second multifilament conductors are combined before and after the connection via the first and / or second capacitor to a respective conductor.
  • the inductor comprises a further third region, which is electrically connected to the second region via a connection of the second type, wherein the connection of the second kind is designed such that the first multifilament conductor of the second region is connected via a further first Capacitor is electrically coupled to the second multifilament conductor of the second region, the second multifilament conductor of the second and third regions are electrically conductively connected, and the first multifilament conductor of the third region is electrically coupled via a further second capacitor to the second multifilament conductor of the second region.
  • a connection of the second kind corresponds to a connection of the first kind, in the case of the first and second
  • Multifilament ladder are reversed. This creates symmetry between the first and second multifilament conductors. As a result, the inductive voltage drop of the first and the second multifilament conductor is compensated.
  • the inductor comprises more than three areas, wherein alternately two areas are each connected to a connection of the first and second type.
  • this makes possible an inductor having a plurality of regions . It is particularly advantageous that the first and second type of connection result in partial discharges to subcontractors. Refractions of the multifilament can be avoided and thus destruction of the inductor can be prevented by partial discharges even in a plurality of areas.
  • the first and second multifilament conductors each comprise at least two conductors, wherein the conductors form the filaments of the multifilament conductor.
  • this is always a leader of the first
  • the Multifilament conductor capacitively coupled with a conductor of the second multifilament manager.
  • This Schmska ⁇ capacities and thus distributed capacitances are formed.
  • the first and second multifilament conductors comprise a plurality of at least 1000 and at most 5000 conductors, wherein the conductors form the filaments of the multifilament conductor. This advantageously the heating capacity of the Induk ⁇ tors is significantly increased.
  • the individual conductors of the multifilament conductors extend substantially parallel along a longitudinal axis of the inductor.
  • the individual conductors of the multifilament ladder form an interlaced one
  • the at least two multifilament conductors are capacitively coupled at least in the first and in the second region, so that a third capacitor is formed in the respective region.
  • the third capacitor advantageously corresponds to the line capacitances of the regions.
  • a total capacity of the first and second capacitors is less than a total capacitance of the third capacitors.
  • Particularly advantageous is a total capacity of the first and second capacitors, which contributes less than 5% to the total capacitance of the third capacitors.
  • the first and / or second capacitor each comprise two electric ⁇ , wherein the electrodes are formed by merging of single individual conductors of a multifilament.
  • the first and / or second capacitor is therefore formed by the merging of the conductors of the multifilament conductor coupled by the first and / or second capacitor.
  • the electrodes are hemispherical in shape.
  • a gap which is arranged between the two electrodes of the first capacitor and / or of the second capacitor, comprises a ceramic or mineral insulating material. This avoiding notify by ⁇ charges is supported on the break points are particularly advantageous.
  • the insulating material comprises at least one material from the mica group.
  • Materials of the mica group have a high dielectric strength, so that advantageously the avoidance of partial discharges at the points of interruption is additionally supported.
  • the single figure shows schematically an inductor 1, which along a longitudinal axis 40 at least four regions 20, 22, 24, 26 has.
  • the longitudinal axis 40 be ⁇ adjacent areas 20, 22, 24, 26 are each connected alternately with egg ⁇ ner connection of the first type 28 and a connection of the second type 30.
  • Each of the regions 20, 22, 24, 26 has two multifilament conductors 2, 4, wherein the multifilament conductors 2, 4 each comprise six conductors 2a ... f, 4a ... f.
  • Such a capacitive coupling is made possible by the parallel arrangement of the conductors 2a... F, 4a... F along the longitudinal axis 40 of the inductor 1.
  • the first type connection 28 has first and second capacitors 6, 8. Before the connection via the first and / or the second capacitor 6, 8, the multifilament conductors are brought together to form a conductor. Here verkop ⁇ pelt of the first capacitor 6 the first and second Multifilament conductor 2, 4 of the first region 20.
  • the second capacitor 8 couples the first multifilament conductor 2 of the first region 20 with the merged second multi-filament conductor 4 of the second region 22.
  • the first multi-filament conductor 2 of the first region 20 is brought together and with the merged first multifilament conductor 2 of the second region 22 is electrically coupled.
  • the second area 22 is adjoined by a third area 24.
  • the second area 22 is now connected to the third area 24 via a connection of the second type 30.
  • the merged and interrupted ment first Multifila ⁇ conductor 2 of the second region 22 is coupled via a first capacitor 6 with the combined second multifilament conductor 4 of the second region 22nd
  • the merged second multifilament conductor 4 of the second region 22 is simply electrically connected to the merged second multifilament conductor 4 of the third region 24.
  • the in turn merged multifilament conductor 2 of the third region 24 is capacitively coupled to the second multifilament conductor 4 of the second region 22 via a second capacitor 8.
  • the capacitively coupled conductors 2a... F, 4a... F form distributed capacitors.
  • concentrated capacitors 6, 8 are formed by the first and second capacitors 6, 8.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)

Abstract

Proposed is an inductor (1) for the induction heating of deposits of oil sand, oil shale or extra-heavy oil using current-carrying conductors (2a...f, 4a...f), in which a partial discharge at interruptions in the conductors (2a...f, 4a...f) is avoided.

Description

Beschreibung description
Induktor zur induktiven Heizung Die Erfindung betrifft einen Induktor zum induktiven Heizen von Ölsand-, Ölschiefer oder Schwerstöllagerstätten . Inductor for inductive heating The invention relates to an inductor for inductive heating of oil sand, oil shale or heavy oil deposits.
Bei der Förderung von Schwerstölen oder Bitumen aus Ölsand- oder Ölschiefervorkommen mittels Rohrsystemen ist es notwen- dig eine möglichst große Fließfähigkeit der zu fördernden Öle zu erreichen. Hierbei werden die Rohrsysteme durch dafür vorgesehene Bohrungen eingebracht. Beispielsweise kann eine Er¬ höhung der Fließgeschwindigkeit durch eine Temperaturerhöhung der Vorkommen (Reservoirs im Erdreich) erreicht werden. Nach dem Stand der Technik werden hierfür induktive Heizungen, sogenannte Induktoren verwendet. Insbesondere bei einer dampf- unterstützten Schwerkraftdrainage ( SAGD-Verfahren, eng. steam assisted gravity drainage) wird zur Temperaturerhöhung aus¬ schließlich oder unterstützend eine induktive Heizung einge- setzt. In the extraction of heavy oils or bitumen from oil sands or oil shale deposits by means of pipe systems, it is necessary to achieve the greatest possible flowability of the oils to be conveyed. Here, the pipe systems are introduced through holes provided for this purpose. For example, he ¬ heightening the flow rate can be achieved by increasing the temperature of the deposits (reservoirs in the ground). According to the prior art, this inductive heaters, so-called inductors are used. In particular at a steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD method, closely. Steam assisted gravity drainage) is finally to increase the temperature from ¬ or supportive sets einge- an inductive heating.
Um eine zur geforderten Temperaturerhöhung ausreichende Heizleistung in der Umgebung eines Induktors zu erreichen sind typischerweise große Stromstärken von einigen hundert Ampere nötig, da das den Induktor umgebende Reservoir meist nur we¬ nig elektrisch leitfähig ist. Zudem wird der Induktor mit einer Wechselstromstärke beaufschlagt, deren Frequenz typi¬ scherweise im Bereich von 10 kHz bis 200 kHz liegt. Dadurch ergibt sich jedoch ein hoher induktiver Spannungsabfall ent- lang eines langgestreckten Induktors, dessen Länge meist mehr als 1 km betragen kann. Meist liegt daher der induktive Spannungsabfall in der Größenordnung von einigen 100 kV. Solche Spannung lassen sich nur unschwer praktisch handhaben, so dass es notwendig ist diese zu kompensieren. To ensure adequate to the required temperature increase heating capacity in the area of an inductor to achieve great currents of several hundred amperes are typically necessary because the inductor surrounding reservoir usually we ¬ king is electrically conductive. In addition, the inductor is subjected to an alternating current whose frequency typi ¬ cally in the range of 10 kHz to 200 kHz. However, this results in a high inductive voltage drop along an elongated inductor whose length can usually be more than 1 km. In most cases, therefore, the inductive voltage drop is on the order of a few 100 kV. Such voltage can only be easily handled practically, so that it is necessary to compensate for them.
Eine solche Kompensation kann beispielsweise durch in Serie geschaltete Kondensatoren erfolgen wie in der Patentschrift DE: 10 2007 040 605.5 beschrieben. Hierbei werden die ström- führenden Leiter des Induktors unterbrochen und weisen dadurch Unterbrechungsstellen auf. Such a compensation can be carried out, for example, by series-connected capacitors as described in the patent DE: 10 2007 040 605.5. Here, the flow interrupted leading conductor of the inductor and thus have interruption points.
Nachteilig an einer solchen Serienschaltung von Kondensatoren ist, dass die Unterbrechungstelle Schwachstellen des Induk¬ tors ausbilden. An den Unterbrechungsstellen können Teilentladungen auftreten, die zur Zerstörung des Induktors führen können . Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt folglich die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen gegenüber dem Stand der Technik verbesserten Induktor anzugeben. A disadvantage of such a series connection of capacitors is that the point of interruption form weak points of the inductor ¬ tors. Partial discharges can occur at the points of interruption, which can lead to the destruction of the inductor. The present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide an improved over the prior art inductor.
Die Aufgabe wird durch einen Induktor mit den Merkmalen des unabhängigen Anspruches gelöst. In den abhängigen Ansprüchen sind vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung angegeben. The object is achieved by an inductor having the features of the independent claim. In the dependent claims advantageous refinements and developments of the invention are given.
Der erfindungsgemäße Induktor zur induktiven Heizung von Ölsand-, Ölschiefer oder Schwerstöllagerstätten mittels stromführender Leiter umfasst wenigstens zwei Bereiche und eine Verbindung erster Art der zwei Bereiche, wobei die zwei Bereiche jeweils wenigstens einen ersten und einen zweiten Multifilamentleiter aufweisen. Hierbei ist erfindungsgemäß die Verbindung erster Art so ausgestaltet, dass der erste Multifilamentleiter des ersten Bereiches über einen ersten Kondensator mit dem zweiten Multifilamentleiter des ersten Bereiches elektrisch verkoppelt ist, der erste Multifila- mentleiter des ersten und zweiten Bereiches elektrisch lei- tend verbunden sind, und der zweite Multifilamentleiter des zweiten Bereiches über einen zweiten Kondensator mit dem ersten Multifilamentleiter des ersten Bereiches elektrisch gekoppelt ist. Dadurch wird erfindungsgemäß eine Teilentladung an Unterbre¬ chungsstellen des Induktors vermieden. Hierbei entspricht die Unterbrechungsstelle des Induktors der Unterbrechung des zweiten Multifilamentleiters durch den ersten Kondensator. Die Vermeidung von Teilentladungen gelingt indem die Multi- filamentleiter über einen ersten und zweiten Kondensator auf die durch Anspruch 1 vorgesehene Weise verbunden sind. Insbe¬ sondere werden Leiter der jeweiligen Multifilamentleiter über einen gemeinsamen ersten und/oder zweiten Kondensator erfindungsgemäß verknüpft. Hierbei ist anzumerken, dass unter den Leiter eines Multifilamentleiters stets entweder alle Leiter des Multifilamentleiters zu verstehen sind oder wenigstens ein Teil der Leiter des Multifilamentleiters zu verstehen ist. The inductor according to the invention for the inductive heating of oil sand, oil shale or heavy oil deposits by means of current-carrying conductors comprises at least two areas and a first type connection of the two areas, the two areas each having at least a first and a second multifilament conductor. According to the invention, the connection of the first type is configured such that the first multifilament conductor of the first region is electrically coupled to the second multifilament conductor of the first region via a first capacitor, the first multifilament conductors of the first and second regions are electrically connected, and the second multifilament conductor of the second region is electrically coupled via a second capacitor to the first multifilament conductor of the first region. Thus, a partial discharge of interrup ¬ chung make the inductor is avoided in the present invention. Here, the interruption point of the inductor corresponds to the interruption of the second multifilament conductor by the first capacitor. The avoidance of partial discharges succeeds by connecting the multi-filament conductors via a first and second capacitor in the manner provided by claim 1. In particular ¬ sondere conductors of the respective multifilament on a common first and / or second capacitor according to the invention are linked. It should be noted that the conductors of a multifilament conductor are always understood to mean either all conductors of the multifilament conductor or at least a part of the conductors of the multifilament conductor is to be understood.
Es ist vorteilhaft, dass der erste und zweite Kondensator pa¬ rallel zu Kapazitäten der Leiter (Leitungskapazitäten) eines Bereiches verschaltet sind, so dass eine Parallelschaltung vorliegt. Dadurch erhöht sich die Gesamtkapazität des jewei¬ ligen Bereiches, da sich die Kapazitäten von parallel verschalteten Kondensatoren addieren. It is advantageous that the first and second capacitor pa rallel to ¬ capacity of the conductors (line capacitances) are connected in a range such that there is a parallel circuit. Thus, the total capacity of the jewei ¬ time area increases because add the capacities of parallel connected capacitors.
Durch den erfindungsgemäßen Induktor werden somit verteilte Kondensatoren mit konzentrierten Kondensatoren in vorteilhafter Weise kombiniert. Hierbei sind unter verteilten Kondensa¬ toren die Leitungskapazitäten zu verstehen. Unter konzentrierten Kondensatoren sind die ersten und zweiten Kondensatoren zu verstehen. Es wird somit erfindungsgemäß eine Kombi- nation aus konzentrierten und verteilten Kondensatoren vorgeschlagen, die eine kapazitive Kompensation des Induktors ohne Teilentladungen ermöglicht. The inductor according to the invention thus advantageously combines distributed capacitors with concentrated capacitors. Here, the line capacities are to be understood as distributed Kondensa ¬ tors. Concentrated capacitors are to be understood as meaning the first and second capacitors. Thus, according to the invention, a combination of concentrated and distributed capacitors is proposed which enables a capacitive compensation of the inductor without partial discharges.
Mit anderen Worten lässt sich die Erfindung folgendermaßen beschreiben: In other words, the invention can be described as follows:
Der zweite Multifilamentleiter des ersten Bereiches des Induktors wird wenigstens einmal unterbrochen. An der Unterbre¬ chungstelle werden die Leiter des zweiten Multifilamentlei- ters des ersten Bereiches über einen konzentrierten ersten Kondensator mit den Leitern des nicht unterbrochenen ersten Multifilamentleiter elektrisch verkoppelt. Über einen konzentrierten zweiten Kondensator ist vorgesehen den zweiten Multifilamentleiter des zweiten Bereiches mit dem nicht unterbrochenen ersten Multifilamentleiter des ersten Bereiches elektrisch kapazitiv zu verschalten. Der erste Multifilamentleiter des ersten Bereiches ist mit dem ersten Multifilament- leiter des zweiten Bereiches verbunden und wird somit bei einer Verbindung erster Art nicht unterbrochen. Insbesondere sind die Leiter des ersten und zweiten Multifilamentleiters vor und nach der Verbindung über den ersten und/oder zweiten Kondensators zu jeweils einem Leiter zusammengeführt. The second multifilament conductor of the first region of the inductor is interrupted at least once. At the interrup ¬ monitoring point, the conductors of the second Multifilamentlei- ters of the first portion via a concentrated first capacitor to the conductors of uninterrupted first multifilament are electrically coupled. About a concentrated second capacitor is provided the second Multifilament conductor of the second region with the uninterrupted first multifilament conductor of the first region electrically capacitively interconnect. The first multifilament conductor of the first region is connected to the first multifilament conductor of the second region and thus is not interrupted in a connection of the first type. In particular, the conductors of the first and second multifilament conductors are combined before and after the connection via the first and / or second capacitor to a respective conductor.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung umfasst der Induktor einen weiteren dritten Bereich, der elektrisch mit dem zweiten Bereich über eine Verbindung zweiter Art verbunden ist, wobei die Verbindung zweiter Art derart ausge- staltet ist, dass der erste Multifilamentleiter des zweiten Bereiches über einen weiteren ersten Kondensator mit dem zweiten Multifilamentleiter des zweiten Bereiches elektrisch verkoppelt ist, der zweite Multifilamentleiter des zweiten und dritten Bereiches elektrisch leitend verbunden sind, und der erste Multifilamentleiter des dritten Bereiches über einen weiteren zweiten Kondensator mit dem zweiten Multifila- mentleiter des zweiten Bereiches elektrisch gekoppelt ist. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the inductor comprises a further third region, which is electrically connected to the second region via a connection of the second type, wherein the connection of the second kind is designed such that the first multifilament conductor of the second region is connected via a further first Capacitor is electrically coupled to the second multifilament conductor of the second region, the second multifilament conductor of the second and third regions are electrically conductively connected, and the first multifilament conductor of the third region is electrically coupled via a further second capacitor to the second multifilament conductor of the second region.
Vorteilhafterweise entspricht eine Verbindung zweiter Art einer Verbindung erster Art, bei der erster und zweiter Advantageously, a connection of the second kind corresponds to a connection of the first kind, in the case of the first and second
Multifilamentleiter vertauscht sind. Dadurch wird eine Symmetrie zwischen dem ersten und zweiten Multifilamentleiter geschaffen. Dadurch wird der induktive Spannungsabfall des ersten und des zweiten Multifilamentleiters kompensiert.  Multifilament ladder are reversed. This creates symmetry between the first and second multifilament conductors. As a result, the inductive voltage drop of the first and the second multifilament conductor is compensated.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung umfasst der Induktor mehr als drei Bereichen, wobei abwechselnd jeweils zwei Bereiche mit einer Verbindung erster und zweiter Art verbunden sind. According to a further advantageous embodiment, the inductor comprises more than three areas, wherein alternately two areas are each connected to a connection of the first and second type.
Vorteilhafterweise wird dadurch ein Induktor mit mehreren Be¬ reichen ermöglicht. Besonders vorteilhaft ist, dass durch die Verbindung erster und zweiter Art Teilentladungen an Unter- brechungen der Multifilamentleiter vermieden werden und somit eine Zerstörung des Induktors durch Teilentladungen auch bei einer Mehrzahl an Bereichen verhindert werden kann. In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung umfasst der erste und zweite Multifilamentleiter jeweils wenigstens zwei Leiter, wobei die Leiter die Filamente des Multifila- mentleiters ausbilden. Vorteilhafterweise ist hierbei stets ein Leiter des erstenAdvantageously, this makes possible an inductor having a plurality of regions . It is particularly advantageous that the first and second type of connection result in partial discharges to subcontractors. Refractions of the multifilament can be avoided and thus destruction of the inductor can be prevented by partial discharges even in a plurality of areas. In an advantageous development of the invention, the first and second multifilament conductors each comprise at least two conductors, wherein the conductors form the filaments of the multifilament conductor. Advantageously, this is always a leader of the first
Multifilamentleiters mit einem Leiter des zweiten Multifila- mentleiters kapazitiv verkoppelt. Dadurch werden Leitungska¬ pazitäten und somit verteilte Kapazitäten ausgebildet. In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Weiterbildung umfasst der erste und zweite Multifilamentleiter eine Mehrzahl von wenigstens 1000 und höchstens 5000 Leitern, wobei die Leiter die Filamente des Multifilamentleiters ausbilden. Dadurch wird vorteilhafterweise die Heizleistung des Induk¬ tors signifikant erhöht. Multifilament conductor capacitively coupled with a conductor of the second multifilament manager. This Leitungska ¬ capacities and thus distributed capacitances are formed. In a further advantageous development, the first and second multifilament conductors comprise a plurality of at least 1000 and at most 5000 conductors, wherein the conductors form the filaments of the multifilament conductor. This advantageously the heating capacity of the Induk ¬ tors is significantly increased.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung verlaufen die einzelnen Leiter der Multifilamentleiter entlang einer Längsachse des Induktors im Wesentlichen parallel. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the individual conductors of the multifilament conductors extend substantially parallel along a longitudinal axis of the inductor.
Dadurch wird vorteilhafterweise die Leitungskapazität erhöht. This advantageously increases the line capacity.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung bilden die einzelnen Leiter der Multifilamentleiter eine verflochteneAccording to a further advantageous embodiment, the individual conductors of the multifilament ladder form an interlaced one
Struktur aus, die sich entlang einer Längsachse des Induktors erstreckt . Structure extending along a longitudinal axis of the inductor.
Dadurch wird vorteilhafterweise eine Kabelanordnung der Mul- tifilamentleiter ermöglicht, die durch die Verflechtung zum einen stabilisiert wird und zum anderen zur Bildung von konzentrierten Kapazitäten (Leitungskapazitäten) geeignet ist. In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind die wenigstens zwei Multifilamentleiter wenigstens im ersten und im zweiten Bereich kapazitiv verkoppelt, so dass sich im jeweiligen Bereich ein dritter Kondensator ausbildet. This advantageously makes possible a cable arrangement of the multi-filament conductors, which is stabilized on the one hand by the intertwining and, on the other hand, is suitable for the formation of concentrated capacitances (line capacitances). In an advantageous development of the invention, the at least two multifilament conductors are capacitively coupled at least in the first and in the second region, so that a third capacitor is formed in the respective region.
Hierbei entspricht der dritte Kondensator vorteilhafterweise den Leitungskapazitäten der Bereiche. In this case, the third capacitor advantageously corresponds to the line capacitances of the regions.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Weiterbildung ist eine Ge- samtkapazität der ersten und zweiten Kondensatoren geringer als eine Gesamtkapazität der dritten Kondensatoren. In a further advantageous development, a total capacity of the first and second capacitors is less than a total capacitance of the third capacitors.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist eine Gesamtkapazität des ersten und zweiten Kondensators, die weniger als 5 % zur Gesamtkapazität der dritten Kondensatoren beiträgt. Particularly advantageous is a total capacity of the first and second capacitors, which contributes less than 5% to the total capacitance of the third capacitors.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung umfasst der erste und/oder zweite Kondensator jeweils zwei Elektro¬ den, wobei die Elektroden durch ein Zusammenführen von ein- zelnen Leitern eines Multifilamentleiters ausgebildet sind. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first and / or second capacitor each comprise two electric ¬, wherein the electrodes are formed by merging of single individual conductors of a multifilament.
Dadurch wird vorteilhafterweise das Vermeiden von Teilentla¬ dungen an den Unterbrechungsstellen unterstützt. Der erste und/oder zweite Kondensator wird daher durch das Zusammenfüh- ren der Leiter der durch den ersten und/oder zweiten Kondensator verkoppelten Multifilamentleiter ausgebildet. This avoidance of Teilentla ¬ applications is supported on the break points advantage. The first and / or second capacitor is therefore formed by the merging of the conductors of the multifilament conductor coupled by the first and / or second capacitor.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung sind die Elektroden halbkugelförmig ausgebildet. According to a further advantageous embodiment, the electrodes are hemispherical in shape.
Dadurch wird vorteilhafterweise das Vermeiden von Teilentla¬ dungen an den Unterbrechungsstellen unterstützt. This avoidance of Teilentla ¬ applications is supported on the break points advantage.
In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung umfasst ein Zwischenraum, der zwischen den zwei Elektroden des ersten Kondensators und/oder des zweiten Kondensators angeordnet ist, einen keramischen oder mineralischen Isolierstoff. Dadurch wird besonders vorteilhaft das Vermeiden von Teilent¬ ladungen an den Unterbrechungsstellen unterstützt. In an advantageous development of the invention, a gap, which is arranged between the two electrodes of the first capacitor and / or of the second capacitor, comprises a ceramic or mineral insulating material. This avoiding notify by ¬ charges is supported on the break points are particularly advantageous.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Weiterbildung umfasst der Isolierstoff wenigstens ein Material aus der Glimmergruppe. In a further advantageous development, the insulating material comprises at least one material from the mica group.
Materialen aus der Glimmergruppe weisen eine hohe dielektrische Festigkeit auf, so dass vorteilhafterweise das Vermeiden von Teilentladungen an den Unterbrechungsstellen zusätzlich unterstützt wird. Materials of the mica group have a high dielectric strength, so that advantageously the avoidance of partial discharges at the points of interruption is additionally supported.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines bevorzugten Aus¬ führungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf die angehängte Zeich¬ nung beschrieben, in der die einzige Figur eine schematische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Induktors zeigt. The invention is described below with reference to a preferred embodiment and with from ¬ reference to the attached drawing ¬ voltage, in which the single figure shows a schematic representation of an inductor according to the invention.
Gleichartige Elemente werden in der Figur mit denselben Be¬ zugszeichen versehen. Die einzige Figur zeigt schematisch einen Induktor 1, der entlang einer Längsachse 40 wenigstens vier Bereiche 20, 22, 24, 26 aufweist. Hierbei sind bezüglich der Längsachse 40 be¬ nachbarte Bereiche 20, 22, 24, 26 jeweils abwechselnd mit ei¬ ner Verbindung erster Art 28 und einer Verbindung zweiter Art 30 verbunden. Jeder der Bereiche 20, 22, 24, 26 weist zwei Multifilamentleiter 2, 4 auf, wobei die Multifilamentleiter 2, 4 jeweils sechs Leiter 2a...f, 4a...f umfassen. In jedem Be¬ reich sind die Leiter 2a...f des ersten Multifilamentleiters 2 kapazitiv mit den Leitern 4a...f des zweiten Multifilament- leiters 4 verkoppelt. Eine solche kapazitive Kopplung wird durch die parallele Anordnung der Leiter 2a...f, 4a...f entlang der Längsachse 40 des Induktors 1 ermöglicht. Similar elements are provided in the figure with the same Be ¬ zugszeichen. The single figure shows schematically an inductor 1, which along a longitudinal axis 40 at least four regions 20, 22, 24, 26 has. Here, with respect to the longitudinal axis 40 be ¬ adjacent areas 20, 22, 24, 26 are each connected alternately with egg ¬ ner connection of the first type 28 and a connection of the second type 30. Each of the regions 20, 22, 24, 26 has two multifilament conductors 2, 4, wherein the multifilament conductors 2, 4 each comprise six conductors 2a ... f, 4a ... f. In each Be ¬ rich, the conductors 2a ... f of the first coupled capacitively multifilament conductor 2 to the conductors 4a ... f of the second multifilament. 4 Such a capacitive coupling is made possible by the parallel arrangement of the conductors 2a... F, 4a... F along the longitudinal axis 40 of the inductor 1.
Die Verbindung erster Art 28 weist einen ersten und zweiten Kondensator 6, 8 auf. Vor der Verbindung über den ersten und/oder den zweiten Kondensator 6, 8 werden die Multifi- lamentleiter zu einem Leiter zusammengeführt. Hierbei verkop¬ pelt der erste Kondensator 6 den ersten und zweiten Multifilamentleiter 2, 4 des ersten Bereiches 20. Der zweite Kondensator 8 koppelt den ersten Multifilamentleiter 2 des ersten Bereiches 20 mit dem zusammengeführten zweiten Multi- filamentleiter 4 des zweiten Bereiches 22. Der erste Multi- filamentleiter 2 des ersten Bereiches 20 wird zusammengeführt und mit dem zusammengeführten ersten Multifilamentleiter 2 des zweiten Bereiches 22 elektrisch gekoppelt. The first type connection 28 has first and second capacitors 6, 8. Before the connection via the first and / or the second capacitor 6, 8, the multifilament conductors are brought together to form a conductor. Here verkop ¬ pelt of the first capacitor 6 the first and second Multifilament conductor 2, 4 of the first region 20. The second capacitor 8 couples the first multifilament conductor 2 of the first region 20 with the merged second multi-filament conductor 4 of the second region 22. The first multi-filament conductor 2 of the first region 20 is brought together and with the merged first multifilament conductor 2 of the second region 22 is electrically coupled.
An den zweiten Bereich 22 schließt sich ein dritter Bereich 24 an. Hierbei ist nun der zweite Bereich 22 über eine Verbindung der zweiten Art 30 mit dem dritten Bereich 24 verbunden. Der zusammengeführte und unterbrochene erste Multifila¬ mentleiter 2 des zweiten Bereiches 22 wird über einen ersten Kondensator 6 mit dem zusammengeführten zweiten Multifila- mentleiter 4 des zweiten Bereiches 22 verkoppelt. Der zusammengeführte zweite Multifilamentleiter 4 des zweiten Bereiches 22 wird mit dem zusammengeführten zweiten Multifila- mentleiter 4 des dritten Bereiches 24 schlicht elektrisch verbunden. Zusätzlich wird der wiederum zusammengeführte Multifilamentleiter 2 des dritten Bereiches 24 mit dem zweiten Multifilamentleiter 4 des zweiten Bereiches 22 über einen zweiten Kondensator 8 kapazitiv gekoppelt. The second area 22 is adjoined by a third area 24. In this case, the second area 22 is now connected to the third area 24 via a connection of the second type 30. The merged and interrupted ment first Multifila ¬ conductor 2 of the second region 22 is coupled via a first capacitor 6 with the combined second multifilament conductor 4 of the second region 22nd The merged second multifilament conductor 4 of the second region 22 is simply electrically connected to the merged second multifilament conductor 4 of the third region 24. In addition, the in turn merged multifilament conductor 2 of the third region 24 is capacitively coupled to the second multifilament conductor 4 of the second region 22 via a second capacitor 8.
Das genannte und erkennbare Schema setzt sich nun entlang der Längsachse 40 des Induktors 1 fort. Dadurch folgt auf den dritten Bereich 24 ein vierter Bereich 26 der mit einer Verbindung der ersten Art 28 mit dem dritten Bereich 24 verbunden ist. Generell kann dieses Schema auf beliebig viele Be¬ reiche 20, 22, 24, 26 des Induktors 1 Anwendung finden. The named and recognizable scheme now continues along the longitudinal axis 40 of the inductor 1. This results in the third region 24, a fourth region 26 which is connected to a connection of the first type 28 with the third region 24. In general, this scheme can be applied to any number of Be ¬ rich 20, 22, 24, 26 of the inductor 1 application.
In den Bereichen 20, 22, 24, 26 bilden die kapazitiv verkoppelten Leiter 2a...f, 4a...f verteilte Kondensatoren aus. In den Verbindungen erster und zweiter Art 28, 30 werden dagegen durch die ersten und zweiten Kondensatoren 6, 8 konzentrierte Kondensatoren 6, 8 ausgebildet. Dadurch werden verteilte Kondensatoren mit konzentrierten Kondensatoren 6, 8 in vorteilhafter Weise entlang des Induktors 1 kombiniert, so dass Teilentladungen an Unterbrechungsstellen vermieden werden und somit ein gegenüber dem Stand der Technik verbesserter Induktor bereitgestellt wird. In the regions 20, 22, 24, 26, the capacitively coupled conductors 2a... F, 4a... F form distributed capacitors. In the first and second type connections 28, 30, on the other hand, concentrated capacitors 6, 8 are formed by the first and second capacitors 6, 8. As a result, distributed capacitors with concentrated capacitors 6, 8 are advantageously combined along the inductor 1, so that partial discharges are avoided at break points and thus providing an improved inductor over the prior art.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Induktor (1) zur induktiven Heizung von Ölsand-, Ölschiefer oder Schwerstöllagerstätten mittels stromführender Leiter (2a...f, 4a...f) umfassend 1. inductor (1) for inductive heating of oil sands, oil shale or heavy oil deposits by means of live conductors (2a ... f, 4a ... f) comprising
- wenigstens zwei Bereiche (20, 22), die jeweils wenigstens einen ersten und einen zweiten Multifilamentleiter (2, 4) aufweisen,  at least two regions (20, 22) each having at least a first and a second multifilament conductor (2, 4),
- und einer Verbindung erster Art (28) der zwei Bereiche (20, 22), wobei die Verbindung erster Art (28) derart ausgestal¬ tet ist, dass - And a first type connection (28) of the two areas (20, 22), wherein the connection of the first type (28) is ausgestal ¬ tet, that
- der erste Multifilamentleiter (2) des ersten Bereiches (20) über einen ersten Kondensator (6) mit dem zweiten Multi- filamentleiter (4) des ersten Bereiches (20) elektrisch verkoppelt ist,  the first multifilament conductor (2) of the first region (20) is electrically coupled to the second multi-filament conductor (4) of the first region (20) via a first capacitor (6),
- der erste Multifilamentleiter (2) des ersten und zweiten Bereiches (20, 22) elektrisch leitend verbunden sind,  the first multifilament conductor (2) of the first and second regions (20, 22) are electrically conductively connected,
- und der zweite Multifilamentleiter (4) des zweiten Bereiches (22) über einen zweiten Kondensator (8) mit dem ersten Multifilamentleiter (2) des ersten Bereiches (20) elektrisch gekoppelt ist.  - And the second multifilament conductor (4) of the second region (22) via a second capacitor (8) with the first multifilament conductor (2) of the first region (20) is electrically coupled.
2. Induktor (1) gemäß Anspruch 1 mit einem weiteren dritten Bereich (24), der elektrisch mit dem zweiten Bereich (22) über eine Verbindung zweiter Art (30) verbunden ist, wobei die Verbindung zweiter Art (30) derart ausgestaltet ist, dass2. inductor (1) according to claim 1 with a further third region (24) which is electrically connected to the second region (22) via a second type connection (30), wherein the second type compound (30) is designed such that
- der erste Multifilamentleiter (2) des zweiten Bereiches - The first multifilament conductor (2) of the second area
(22) über einen weiteren ersten Kondensator (6) mit dem zweiten Multifilamentleiter (4) des zweiten Bereiches (22) elektrisch verkoppelt ist,  (22) is electrically coupled via a further first capacitor (6) to the second multifilament conductor (4) of the second region (22),
- der zweite Multifilamentleiter (4) des zweiten und dritten Bereiches (22, 24) elektrisch leitend verbunden sind,  the second multifilament conductor (4) of the second and third regions (22, 24) are electrically conductively connected,
- und der erste Multifilamentleiter (2) des dritten Bereiches (24) über einen weiteren zweiten Kondensator (4) mit dem zweiten Multifilamentleiter (4) des zweiten Bereiches (22) elektrisch gekoppelt ist. - And the first multifilament conductor (2) of the third region (24) via a further second capacitor (4) with the second multifilament conductor (4) of the second region (22) is electrically coupled.
3. Induktor (1) gemäß Anspruch 2 mit mehr als drei Bereichen (20, 22, 24, 26), wobei abwechselnd jeweils zwei Bereiche mit einer Verbindung erster und zweiter Art (6, 8) verbunden sind . 3. inductor (1) according to claim 2 with more than three areas (20, 22, 24, 26), wherein alternately two areas with a connection of the first and second type (6, 8) are connected.
4. Induktor (1) gemäß einem der vorangegangen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste und zweite Multifila- mentleiter (2, 4) jeweils wenigstens zwei Leiter (2a...f, 4a...f) umfasst, wobei die Leiter (2a...f, 4a...f) die Filamente des Multifilamentleiters (2, 4) ausbilden. 4. inductor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and second multifilament ment conductors (2, 4) each comprise at least two conductors (2a ... f, 4a ... f), wherein the conductors (2a ... f, 4a ... f) form the filaments of the multifilament conductor (2, 4).
5. Induktor (1) gemäß einem der vorangegangen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste und zweite Multifila- mentleiter (2, 4) eine Mehrzahl von wenigstens 1000 und höchstens 5000 Leitern (2a...f, 4a...f) umfasst, wobei die Leiter (2a...f, 4a...f) die Filamente des Multifilamentleiters (2, 4) ausbilden . 5. inductor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and second multifilament manager (2, 4) a plurality of at least 1000 and at most 5000 conductors (2a ... f, 4a ... f) wherein the conductors (2a ... f, 4a ... f) form the filaments of the multifilament conductor (2, 4).
6. Induktor (1) gemäß Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeich- net, dass die einzelnen Leiter (2a...f, 4a...f) der Multifila- mentleiter (2, 4) im Wesentlichen parallel entlang einer Längsachse (40) des Induktors (1) verlaufen. 6. inductor (1) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized marked, that the individual conductors (2a ... f, 4a ... f) of the multifilament manager (2, 4) substantially parallel along a longitudinal axis ( 40) of the inductor (1).
7. Induktor (1) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die einzelnen Leiter (2a...f, 4a...f) der7. inductor (1) according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the individual conductors (2a ... f, 4a ... f) of the
Multifilamentleiter (2, 4) eine verflochtene Struktur ausbilden, die sich entlang einer Längsachse (40) des Induktors (1) erstreckt . Multifilament conductor (2, 4) form an interlaced structure, which extends along a longitudinal axis (40) of the inductor (1).
8. Induktor (1) gemäß einem der vorangegangen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wenigstens zwei Multifila- mentleiter (2, 4) wenigstens im ersten und im zweiten Bereich (20, 22) kapazitiv verkoppelt sind, so dass sich im jeweili¬ gen Bereich ein dritter Kondensator ausbildet. 8. inductor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least two multifilament conductor (2, 4) at least in the first and in the second region (20, 22) are coupled capacitively, so that ¬ in jeweili gen Area forms a third capacitor.
9. Induktor (1) gemäß Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Gesamtkapazität der ersten und zweiten Kondensato- ren (6, 8) geringer ist als eine Gesamtkapazität der dritten Kondensatoren . 9. inductor (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that a total capacity of the first and second condensate ren (6, 8) is less than a total capacity of the third capacitors.
10. Induktor (1) gemäß einem der vorangegangen Ansprüche, da- durch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste und/oder zweite Konden¬ sator (6, 8) jeweils zwei Elektroden umfasst, wobei die 10. inductor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, character- ized in that the first and / or second condensate ¬ capacitor (6, 8) each comprise two electrodes, wherein the
Elektroden durch ein Zusammenführen von einzelnen Leitern (2a...f, 4a...f) eines Multifilamentleiters (2, 4) ausgebildet sind . Electrodes are formed by merging individual conductors (2a ... f, 4a ... f) of a multifilament conductor (2, 4).
11. Induktor (1) gemäß Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elektroden halbkugelförmig ausgebildet sind. 11. inductor (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the electrodes are formed hemispherical.
12. Induktor (1) gemäß Anspruch 10 oder 11, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, dass ein Zwischenraum, der zwischen den zwei Elektroden des ersten Kondensators und/oder des zweiten Kondensa¬ tors (6, 8) angeordnet ist, einen keramischen oder minerali¬ schen Isolierstoff umfasst. 12. inductor (1) according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that a gap, which is arranged between the two electrodes of the first capacitor and / or the second Kondensa ¬ sector (6, 8), a ceramic or mineral ¬ includes insulating material.
13. Induktor (1) gemäß Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Isolierstoff wenigstens ein Material aus der Glim¬ mergruppe umfasst. 13. inductor (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the insulating material comprises at least one material from the Glim ¬ mergruppe.
EP14766965.9A 2013-09-26 2014-09-12 Inductor for induction heating Not-in-force EP3005831B1 (en)

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DE102008062326A1 (en) 2008-03-06 2009-09-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Arrangement for inductive heating of oil sands and heavy oil deposits by means of live conductors
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