EP2947959B1 - Inductor - Google Patents

Inductor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2947959B1
EP2947959B1 EP14169412.5A EP14169412A EP2947959B1 EP 2947959 B1 EP2947959 B1 EP 2947959B1 EP 14169412 A EP14169412 A EP 14169412A EP 2947959 B1 EP2947959 B1 EP 2947959B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conductor
inductor
interruption
sleeve
point
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP14169412.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2947959A1 (en
Inventor
Dirk Diehl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Wintershall Dea AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Wintershall Holding GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Wintershall Holding GmbH filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP14169412.5A priority Critical patent/EP2947959B1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2015/058810 priority patent/WO2015176909A1/en
Priority to ARP150101586A priority patent/AR100548A1/en
Publication of EP2947959A1 publication Critical patent/EP2947959A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2947959B1 publication Critical patent/EP2947959B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • H05B6/105—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor
    • H05B6/108—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor for heating a fluid
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
    • E21B43/2401—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection by means of electricity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
    • H05B2214/03—Heating of hydrocarbons

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an inductor according to the preamble of claim 1, and a manufacturing method according to the preamble of claim 15th
  • hydrocarbons from an underground reservoir for example, to promote heavy oils or bitumen from oil sands or oil shale deposits, it is necessary to achieve the greatest possible flowability of the hydrocarbons to be pumped.
  • One way to improve the fluidity of hydrocarbons in their production is to increase the temperature prevailing in the reservoir.
  • An applied method for increasing the temperature of the deposit is inductive heating by means of an inductor, which is introduced into the deposit, that is, into the soil.
  • an inductor By means of the inductor eddy currents are induced in electrically conductive deposits (reservoir), which heat the deposit, so that there is thus an improvement in the flowability of the hydrocarbons present in the deposit.
  • a compensation of the inductive voltage drop is, as in the patent DE 10 2007 040 605 described, for example, by capacitors connected in series allows (reactive power compensation).
  • the current-carrying conductors of the inductor are interrupted to form the capacitors and thus have a plurality of interruption points.
  • a disadvantage of the series connection of capacitors is that the point of interruption form weak points of the inductor. Partial discharges occur at the points of interruption, which can lead to the partial or complete destruction of the inductor. Due to the inaccessibility of a deeply introduced into the deposit inductor are particularly high demands on the reliability of the inductor to make. In particular, a continuous and maintenance-free operation over ten to twenty years is desired. In case of failure of a capacitor of the inductor due to the series connection of the capacitors, the entire inductor is inoperative.
  • the present invention has for its object to improve the reliability of an inductor.
  • the inductor according to the invention for the inductive heating of oil sand, oil shale or heavy oil deposits comprises at least one conductor, which conductor has at least one point of interruption, according to the invention two end portions of the conductor are connected at the point of interruption by means of an electrically conductive connecting element and the Connecting element has a resistivity of at least 10 ⁇ m and at most 10 10 ⁇ m.
  • the inductor according to the invention may comprise a plurality of conductors, wherein at least one conductor of the conductors has an interruption point with two end regions, which end regions are connected by means of an electrically low-conductivity connecting element.
  • an element or material is referred to herein as having low electrical conductivity if the element or material has a resistivity in the range of 10 ⁇ m to 10 10 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 10 2 ⁇ m to 10 5 ⁇ m. Furthermore, a specific resistance in the range of 10 2 ⁇ m to 10 3 ⁇ m is provided.
  • the connecting element has a specific resistance of at least 10 ⁇ m and at most 10 10 ⁇ m, preferably of at least 10 2 ⁇ m and at most 10 5 ⁇ m. Particularly preferably, all conductors of the inductor have a low-conductive point of interruption according to claim 1.
  • the invention is increased by the electrically low-conductivity connecting element, the partial discharge resistance of the conductor at the point of interruption, whereby the reliability of the inductor is improved.
  • Due to the low electrical conductivity of the connecting element advantageously field strength increase (increase in the electric field strength) at the point of interruption, especially at ridges or sharp (cut) edges, reduced or mitigated.
  • the inventive method for producing an inductor for inductive heating of oil sand, oil shale or heavy oil deposits at least one conductor is provided and at least one point of interruption of the conductor is created by severing the conductor, whereby two end regions of the conductor form at the point of interruption. Furthermore, according to the invention, the two end regions of the conductor are connected at the point of interruption by means of an application of an electrically conductive substance, the electrically conductive substance having a specific resistance of at least 10 ⁇ m and at most 10 ⁇ m.
  • an electrically low-conductivity connecting element is produced between the two end regions of the conductor at the point of interruption, wherein the connecting element is formed by means of the electrically low-conductivity substance.
  • the connecting element electrically couples the two end regions of the conductor.
  • the electrically conductive substance may preferably be applied by means of a spraying method, casting method and / or extrusion method.
  • the low-conductivity substance comprises a material from the substance group of thermoelastic plastics.
  • plastics which fillers or fibers of graphite, carbon black, carbon or other materials, such as PEEK CF30, may be provided.
  • the connecting element has a specific resistance of at least 10 2 ⁇ m and at most 10 5 ⁇ m.
  • the partial discharge resistance is advantageously further increased, so that the reliability of the inductor is further improved.
  • the connecting element is designed as a first sleeve, wherein in each case at least a part of the two end regions of the conductor is enclosed by the first sleeve.
  • the electrically low-conductive first sleeve (inner sleeve) is used for the mechanical, non-positive connection of the two ends or end portions of the conductor, wherein the ends are formed by the point of interruption of the conductor.
  • a first sleeve is provided, the outer diameter is substantially larger than the diameter of the cross section of the conductor.
  • a second sleeve is provided, wherein the second sleeve is electrically insulating and enclosing the first sleeve.
  • this protects the first sleeve and also ensures the mechanical stability of the conductor.
  • the first sleeve can be mechanically relieved by means of the second sleeve, so that in the shape design and electrical design of the first sleeve, the electrical action, that is, the increase of the partial discharge resistance, is preferred.
  • the mechanical stability is then ensured mainly by the second sleeve.
  • the second sleeve is electrically non-conductive, that is, an insulator.
  • a sleeve in the present case is a connecting element and in particular also protective elements.
  • the first and / or second sleeve is preferably fixedly connected to the inserted conductor and encloses the point of interruption.
  • Configurable embodiments of the first and / or second sleeve as G demharzmuffen, Gelmuffen, injection sleeves, shrink sleeves - heat shrink - or Kaltschrumpfmuffen.
  • a second sleeve which encloses the first sleeve, and at least a portion of an insulation of the conductor. If there is insulation of the conductor on both parts of the conductor, wherein said parts of the conductor are formed by the point of interruption, so the insulation of the two parts of the conductor are preferably enclosed by the second sleeve.
  • the connecting element is designed as a first conductor casing, wherein the first conductor casing encloses the two end regions of the conductor in the region of the point of interruption.
  • manufacturing methods for conductor sheathings known from the prior art can be used for the production of the connection element.
  • the conductor has a second conductor casing, the second conductor casing enclosing the first conductor casing at least in the region of the point of interruption.
  • a second conductor sheath is provided, which is electrically insulating.
  • the insulation of the conductor is formed by the second conductor casing. Consequently, the conductor is enclosed by a two-layer casing, wherein the first inner layer directly adjacent to the conductor is formed by the first conductor casing, that is to say by the electrically low-conductivity connection element is.
  • the second layer is formed by the second, outer conductor sheath. It serves for the electrical and mechanical insulation and for the protection of the conductor and the first conductor sheath.
  • this further improves and simplifies the production of the inductor or of the conductor.
  • a spacer is arranged between the two end regions of the conductor.
  • a spacer arranged between the two end regions is particularly preferred when the connecting element is designed as a first conductor casing.
  • a continuous production process for the inductor or for a conductor of the inductor, for example by means of extrusion, is made possible by the spacer within the point of interruption.
  • an electrically insulating or electrically low-conductive spacer is provided.
  • the spacer may comprise or be integral with the same materials as the connector.
  • the connecting element is additionally used as a spacer.
  • the connecting element is integrally formed.
  • the spacer is enclosed by the connecting element.
  • the spacer is enclosed by a connecting element, which is designed as a first conductor casing.
  • a connecting element which is designed as a first conductor casing.
  • At least one end region is formed unduloid-like.
  • both end portions of the conductor are formed unduloid at the point of interruption.
  • the first sleeve (connecting element) or the first conductor sheath (connecting element) is hindered or prevented.
  • the partial discharge strength of the conductor at the point of interruption at ends of the conductor which form through the point of interruption is increased.
  • the prevention of the displacement of the connecting element avoids the formation of gas or air inclusions, with the gas or air inclusions occurring, for example due to the mechanical tensile load during cable production - stranding, rewinding and others.
  • the reliability of the connecting element and consequently the reliability of the entire inductor is improved.
  • Another particular advantage of the unduloidally shaped end region of the conductor at the point of interruption is that sharp edges which lead to a field strength increase (increase in the electric field strength) at the point of interruption are avoided by means of the unduloid-type design.
  • the reliability of the inductor is further improved.
  • the advantageous unduloidal configuration of the end region of the conductor at the point of interruption ensures both electrical and mechanical stability. Due to the advantageous and synergetic combination of electrical and mechanical stability, which by means of the unduloid-like design of the end is achieved, the overall partial discharge resistance at the point of interruption of the conductor is increased, so that the reliability of the inductor is improved.
  • the end of the unduloid end regions is hemispherical in shape.
  • the ends of the unduloid-type end regions sharp edges or corners, which may arise during the production of the point of interruption, are advantageously avoided, for example by cutting through the conductor with a cutting tool.
  • the semispherical shaped ends of the unduloid end portions of the conductor further improve the partial discharge strength at the point of interruption of the conductor. This is the case because the hemispherical smooth formation of the ends prevents field strength peaks, such as occur in edged shapes.
  • the unduloid-like formation of the end region or of the end regions is made possible.
  • a bulge of the conductor which, with respect to its radius or diameter, exceeds the original radius or diameter of the cross-section of the conductor.
  • the alternating sequence of the bulges and constrictions of the conductor advantageously a displacement of the conductor within the first sleeve or the first conductor sheath is hindered or blocked.
  • the rounded configuration of the unduloid end portions reduces field strength peaks at the ends of the end portions, so that the partial discharge strength at the point of interruption and hence the reliability of the inductor are improved.
  • the at least one unduloid-like end region is enclosed by the connecting element, in particular by the first sleeve or the first conductor casing.
  • the conductor forms a conductor of a multifilament conductor.
  • all conductors of the multifilament conductor have an electrically low-conducting point of interruption according to claim 1.
  • the filaments of the multifilament conductor are formed by the plurality of conductors.
  • a multifilament conductor comprises a plurality of at least 10 and at most 5000 conductors. As a result, the heating power of the inductor is advantageously increased.
  • an inductor is advantageously formed whose individual conductors are capacitively coupled to each other. Due to the series connection of the capacitors, which is formed by the capacitively coupled conductors, the reactive power of the inductor is advantageously reduced and / or approximately compensated in the case of resonance.
  • inductor of a plurality of conductors, wherein the conductors extend in parallel along the longitudinal axis of the inductor.
  • an approximately constant capacitance between the conductors is made possible by the parallel course of the conductors, so that there is a uniform and equally distributed load on the conductors of the inductor.
  • the conductors form an interlaced and / or stranded structure which extends along the longitudinal axis of the inductor.
  • a cable arrangement of the conductors of the inductor is advantageously made possible, which is mechanically stabilized by an entanglement and / or stranding on the one hand and on the other hand is particularly suitable for the formation of capacitances between the individual conductors.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of a portion of a conductor 2 of an inductor 1, wherein the conductor 2 extends along a longitudinal axis A.
  • a single wire or a strand can be provided, wherein the conductor 2 comprises an electrically highly conductive material, such as copper and / or aluminum. If the conductor 2 is designed as a strand, the high-frequency resistance of the inductor 1 or of the conductor 2 is advantageously reduced.
  • at least one further conductor (not shown) running parallel to the conductor 2 is provided. In this case, the further conductor may have an offset point offset from the conductor 2, the offset continuing periodically and corresponding to the resonance length. Preference is given to a further conductor, which is designed like the illustrated conductor 2.
  • the conductor 2 also has an interruption point 4 to form the capacitances. Due to the formation of the interruption point 4, the conductor 2 has two end regions 6. Outside the end regions 6, the conductor 2 is enclosed by an electrically insulating outer jacket 14 (second conductor jacket).
  • an electrically insulating outer jacket 14 high-temperature resistant plastics, such as PFA, PTFE, PEEK or combination of said plastics are provided.
  • An outer sheath 14 comprising a plurality of layers may be provided. In particular, each layer of a multilayer outer sheath 14 may be made of a different material.
  • the exposed, that is, not enclosed by the electrically insulating outer sheath 14 Endereiche 6 are electrically coupled or connected by means of an electrically low-conductivity connecting element 8.
  • An element or material is referred to herein as having low electrical conductivity if the element or material has a resistivity in the range of 10 ⁇ m to 10 10 ⁇ m. Especially a range from 10 2 ⁇ m to 10 5 ⁇ m or from 10 2 ⁇ m to 10 3 ⁇ m is preferred.
  • the electrically low-conductivity connecting element 8 as a first sleeve 8, that is, as an (inner) inner sleeve 8 is formed.
  • the first sleeve 8 surrounds the two end regions 6 of the conductor 2 at the point of interruption 8.
  • the two end regions 6 of the conductor 2 are electrically coupled or connected.
  • the partial discharge resistance of the inductor 1 or of the conductor 2 at the point of interruption 4 is advantageously improved.
  • the first sleeve 6 can serve as a fixation for the two end regions 6 of the conductor. In this case, it is advantageously prevented by the first sleeve 6 that the end regions 6 (conductor ends) touch an inner wall of an injection mold during injection of the second sleeve 10. As a result, an approximately constant layer thickness of the second sleeve 10 is ensured.
  • FIG. 2 shows an inductor 1 according to FIG. 1 , whereas contrary to FIG. 1 two end portions 6 of the conductor 2 are formed unduloid-like. This shows FIG. 2 the same elements as already FIG. 1 ,
  • the conductor 2 has the two end regions 6, which are each formed in an unduloid manner.
  • the unduloid-like configuration of the end regions 6 is formed by means of a sequence of constrictions and bulges of the cross section of the conductor 2.
  • the cross section of the conductor 2 extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A of the conductor 2 and is formed approximately circular.
  • the functional shape of the bulges and constrictions can be adapted to the purpose. For example, a cosine or sinusoidal profile curve of the unduloid end region 6 intended. The profile curve results from a longitudinal section of the conductor 2 along the longitudinal axis A in the end regions 6.
  • the unduloid end portions 6 are hemispherical in shape at their respective ends.
  • the hemispherical configuration or formation of the ends avoids field strength peaks at the ends and consequently at the point of interruption, thereby increasing the partial discharge strength at the point of interruption.
  • the bulges of the unduloid end regions have a radius in cross section corresponding to the radius of an original cross section of the conductor 2.
  • an average cross section outside the end regions 6 is to be understood as the original cross section of the conductor.
  • the bulges only form buckling of the conductor 2 with respect to the constrictions FIG. 2
  • the unduloid end regions 6 of the conductor 2 each have three bulges and three constrictions.
  • a conductor 2 is surrounded by the first and second sleeve 8, 10, wherein said sleeves 8, 10 enclose the conductor 2 in the region of the point of interruption 4. Due to the unduloid end regions 6 of the conductor 2 at the point of interruption 4, the field strength peaks and consequently the partial discharges at the point of interruption 4 are reduced so that the first sleeve 8 at the point of interruption 4 relieves firstly by reducing the partial discharges and secondly mechanically through the sequence of bulges and constrictions of the end portions 6 is fixed non-positively. A positive and positive fixation can be provided. Consequently, the unduloidal design of the end regions 6 enables a synergistic and advantageous combination of mechanical and electrical strength of the first sleeve 6 at the point of interruption 4 of the conductor 2.
  • the second sleeve 10 in turn encloses an insulating outer jacket 14, so that essentially the second sleeve 10 serves for mechanical stabilization and mechanical relief of the first sleeve 8.
  • FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of a portion of a conductor 2 of an inductor 1, wherein the conductor 2 has at least one point of interruption 4 and two end portions 6 of the conductor are electrically coupled at the point of interruption 4 by means of a first conductor sheath 9.
  • the first conductor sheath 9 is provided as a connecting element of the two end regions 6.
  • the connecting element is designed as a first conductor sheath 9.
  • a spacer 16 is arranged between the two end regions 6, which mechanically fixes the end regions 6 and keeps them at a distance.
  • an axial length (parallel to the longitudinal axis A) of the spacer 16 in the range of 10 mm to 500 mm, particularly preferably in the range of 10 mm to 50 mm is provided.
  • the end regions 6 in this case extend approximately along the entire conductor 2, since approximately the entire conductor 2 is enclosed by the first, electrically low-conductive conductor casing 9.
  • the conductor 2 has according to FIG. 3 a two-layer sheath on.
  • a first, directly adjacent to the conductor 2 layer 9 is formed by the first, electrically low-conductive conductor casing 9 (connecting element).
  • a second, outer layer 14 encloses the first layer 9 and is formed by means of a second conductor sheath 14, wherein the second conductor sheath 14 forms an outer end of the conductor 2.
  • an electrically insulating second conductor casing 14 is provided in particular.
  • FIG. 3 illustrated embodiment of the connecting element as the first conductor sheath 9 known manufacturing process, in particular extrusion process be used for the preparation of the conductor 2 and the inductor 1.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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  • General Induction Heating (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Induktor gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1, sowie ein Herstellungsverfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 15.The invention relates to an inductor according to the preamble of claim 1, and a manufacturing method according to the preamble of claim 15th

Zur in-situ Förderung von Kohlenwasserstoffen aus einer unterirdischen Lagerstätte, beispielsweise zur Förderung von Schwerstölen oder Bitumen aus Ölsand oder Ölschiefervorkommen, ist es notwendig, eine möglichst große Fließfähigkeit der zu fördernden Kohlenwasserstoffe zu erreichen. Eine Möglichkeit die Fließfähigkeit der Kohlenwasserstoffe bei ihrer Förderung zu verbessern ist, die in der Lagerstätte vorherrschende Temperatur zu erhöhen.For in-situ production of hydrocarbons from an underground reservoir, for example, to promote heavy oils or bitumen from oil sands or oil shale deposits, it is necessary to achieve the greatest possible flowability of the hydrocarbons to be pumped. One way to improve the fluidity of hydrocarbons in their production is to increase the temperature prevailing in the reservoir.

Eine angewendete Methode zur Erhöhung der Temperatur der Lagerstätte ist das induktive Heizen mittels eines Induktors, welcher in die Lagerstätte, das heißt in das Erdreich, eingebracht wird. Mittels des Induktors werden in elektrisch leitfähigen Lagerstätten (Reservoir) Wirbelströme induziert, welche die Lagerstätte aufheizen, so dass es folglich zu einer Verbesserung der Fließfähigkeit der in der Lagerstätte vorliegenden Kohlenwasserstoffe kommt.An applied method for increasing the temperature of the deposit is inductive heating by means of an inductor, which is introduced into the deposit, that is, into the soil. By means of the inductor eddy currents are induced in electrically conductive deposits (reservoir), which heat the deposit, so that there is thus an improvement in the flowability of the hydrocarbons present in the deposit.

Um eine zur geforderten Temperaturerhöhung ausreichende Heizleistung in der Umgebung des Induktors zu erreichen, sind typischerweise große Wechselstromstärken von einigen 100 A nötig, da das den Induktor umgebende Reservoir meist nur gering elektrisch leitfähig ist. Durch einen Betrieb des Induktors mit einer hohen Wechselstromstärke ergibt sich ein hoher induktiver Spannungsabfall entlang des Induktors, wobei der induktive Spannungsabfall in der Größenordnung von einigen 100 kV liegen kann. Solch hohe Spannungen lassen sich nur unschwer praktisch handhaben, so dass es zweckmäßig ist, diese zu kompensieren.In order to achieve a sufficient heat to the required temperature increase in the vicinity of the inductor, typically large AC amperages of some 100 A are necessary because the reservoir surrounding the inductor is usually only slightly electrically conductive. Operating the inductor at a high AC current results in a high inductive voltage drop across the inductor, with the inductive voltage drop being on the order of a few hundred kV. Such high voltages are easy to handle practically, so it is appropriate to compensate for them.

Eine Kompensation des induktiven Spannungsabfalls wird, wie in der Patentschrift DE 10 2007 040 605 beschrieben, beispielsweise durch in Serie geschaltete Kondensatoren ermöglicht (Blindleistungskompensation). In der dort vorgestellten Lösung werden die stromführenden Leiter des Induktors zur Ausbildung der Kondensatoren unterbrochen und weisen somit eine Mehrzahl von Unterbrechungsstellen auf.A compensation of the inductive voltage drop is, as in the patent DE 10 2007 040 605 described, for example, by capacitors connected in series allows (reactive power compensation). In the solution presented there, the current-carrying conductors of the inductor are interrupted to form the capacitors and thus have a plurality of interruption points.

Nachteilig an der Serienschaltung von Kondensatoren ist, dass die Unterbrechungsstelle Schwachstellen des Induktors ausbilden. An den Unterbrechungsstellen treten Teilentladungen auf, die zur teilweisen oder vollständigen Zerstörung des Induktors führen können. Aufgrund der Unzugänglichkeit eines tief in die Lagerstätte eingebrachten Induktors sind besonders hohe Anforderungen an die Zuverlässigkeit des Induktors zu stellen. Insbesondere wird ein kontinuierlicher und wartungsfreier Betrieb über zehn bis zwanzig Jahre angestrebt. Bei Ausfall eines Kondensators des Induktors wird aufgrund der Reihenschaltung der Kondensatoren der gesamte Induktor funktionsuntüchtig.A disadvantage of the series connection of capacitors is that the point of interruption form weak points of the inductor. Partial discharges occur at the points of interruption, which can lead to the partial or complete destruction of the inductor. Due to the inaccessibility of a deeply introduced into the deposit inductor are particularly high demands on the reliability of the inductor to make. In particular, a continuous and maintenance-free operation over ten to twenty years is desired. In case of failure of a capacitor of the inductor due to the series connection of the capacitors, the entire inductor is inoperative.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Zuverlässigkeit eines Induktors zu verbessern.The present invention has for its object to improve the reliability of an inductor.

Die Aufgabe wird durch einen Induktor mit den Merkmalen des unabhängigen Patentanspruches 1, sowie durch ein Herstellungsverfahren mit den Merkmalen des unabhängigen Patentanspruches 15 gelöst. In den abhängigen Patenansprüchen sind vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung angegeben.The object is achieved by an inductor having the features of the independent claim 1, and by a manufacturing method having the features of the independent claim 15. In the dependent patent claims advantageous refinements and developments of the invention are given.

Der erfindungsgemäße Induktor zur induktiven Heizung von Ölsand-, Ölschiefer oder Schwerstöllagerstätten umfasst wenigstens einen Leiter, welcher Leiter wenigstens eine Unterbrechungstelle aufweist, wobei erfindungsgemäß zwei Endbereiche des Leiters an der Unterbrechungsstelle mittels eines elektrisch leitenden Verbindungselementes verbunden sind und das Verbindungselement einen spezifischen Widerstand von wenigstens 10 Ωm und höchstens 1010 Ωm aufweist.The inductor according to the invention for the inductive heating of oil sand, oil shale or heavy oil deposits comprises at least one conductor, which conductor has at least one point of interruption, according to the invention two end portions of the conductor are connected at the point of interruption by means of an electrically conductive connecting element and the Connecting element has a resistivity of at least 10 Ωm and at most 10 10 Ωm.

Im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung kann der erfindungsgemäße Induktor eine Mehrzahl von Leitern umfassen, wobei von den Leitern wenigstens ein Leiter eine Unterbrechungstelle mit zwei Endbereichen aufweist, welche Endbereiche mittels eines elektrisch gering leitenden Verbindungselementes verbunden sind.For the purposes of the present invention, the inductor according to the invention may comprise a plurality of conductors, wherein at least one conductor of the conductors has an interruption point with two end regions, which end regions are connected by means of an electrically low-conductivity connecting element.

Ein Element oder Material wird hier als elektrisch gering leitend bezeichnet, falls das Element oder Material einen spezifischen Widerstand im Bereich von 10 Ωm bis 1010 Ωm, besonderes bevorzugt im Bereich von 102 Ωm bis 105 Ωm aufweist. Weiterhin ist ein spezifischer Widerstand im Bereich von 102 Ωm bis 103 Ωm vorgesehen. Erfindungsgemäß weist das Verbindungselement einen spezifischen Widerstand von wenigstens 10 Ωm und höchstens 1010Ωm, bevorzugt von wenigstens 102 Ωm und höchstens 105 Ωm auf. Besonders bevorzugt weisen alle Leiter des Induktors eine gering leitende Unterbrechungsstelle gemäß Anspruch 1 auf.An element or material is referred to herein as having low electrical conductivity if the element or material has a resistivity in the range of 10 Ωm to 10 10 Ωm, more preferably in the range of 10 2 Ωm to 10 5 Ωm. Furthermore, a specific resistance in the range of 10 2 Ωm to 10 3 Ωm is provided. According to the invention, the connecting element has a specific resistance of at least 10 Ωm and at most 10 10 Ωm, preferably of at least 10 2 Ωm and at most 10 5 Ωm. Particularly preferably, all conductors of the inductor have a low-conductive point of interruption according to claim 1.

Erfindungsgemäß wird durch das elektrisch gering leitende Verbindungselement die Teilentladungsfestigkeit des Leiters an der Unterbrechungsstelle erhöht, wodurch die Zuverlässigkeit des Induktors verbessert wird. Durch die geringe elektrische Leitfähigkeit des Verbindungselementes werden vorteilhafterweise Feldstärkeüberhöhung (Überhöhung der elektrischen Feldstärke) an der Unterbrechungsstelle, insbesondere an Graten oder scharfen (Schnitt)Kanten, verringert beziehungsweise abgeschwächt. Vorteilhafterweise wird durch die Vermeidung von Feldstärkeüberhöhungen, die über die Dauer des kontinuierlichen Betriebes des Induktors zu einer Zerstörung der Isolierschicht an der Unterbrechungsstelle und folglich zu einem Ausfall des Induktors führen können, die Zuverlässigkeit des Induktors weiter verbessert.According to the invention is increased by the electrically low-conductivity connecting element, the partial discharge resistance of the conductor at the point of interruption, whereby the reliability of the inductor is improved. Due to the low electrical conductivity of the connecting element advantageously field strength increase (increase in the electric field strength) at the point of interruption, especially at ridges or sharp (cut) edges, reduced or mitigated. Advantageously, by avoiding field strength spikes that can lead to destruction of the insulating layer at the point of interruption over the duration of the continuous operation of the inductor and consequently failure of the inductor, the reliability of the inductor is further improved.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Herstellungsverfahren für einen Induktor zur induktiven Heizung von Ölsand-, Ölschiefer oder Schwerstöllagerstätten wird wenigstens ein Leiter bereitgestellt und wenigstens eine Unterbrechungstelle des Leiters mittels eines Durchtrennens des Leiters geschaffen, wodurch sich zwei Endbereich des Leiters an der Unterbrechungsstelle ausbilden. Ferner werden erfindungsgemäß die zwei Endbereiche des Leiters an der Unterbrechungsstelle mittels eines Aufbringens eines elektrisch leitenden Stoffes verbunden, wobei der elektrisch leitende Stoff einen spezifischen Widerstand von wenigstens 10 Ωm und höchstens 1010 Ωm aufweist.In the inventive method for producing an inductor for inductive heating of oil sand, oil shale or heavy oil deposits, at least one conductor is provided and at least one point of interruption of the conductor is created by severing the conductor, whereby two end regions of the conductor form at the point of interruption. Furthermore, according to the invention, the two end regions of the conductor are connected at the point of interruption by means of an application of an electrically conductive substance, the electrically conductive substance having a specific resistance of at least 10 Ωm and at most 10 Ωm.

Mit anderen Worten wird ein elektrisch gering leitendes Verbindungselement zwischen den zwei Endbereichen des Leiters an der Unterbrechungstelle hergestellt, wobei das Verbindungselement mittels des elektrisch gering leitenden Stoffes gebildet wird. Hierbei koppelt das Verbindungselement die zwei Endbereiche des Leiters elektrisch. Bevorzugt kann hierbei der elektrisch leitende Stoff mittels eines Spritzverfahrens, Vergussverfahrens und/oder Extrudierverfahrens aufgebracht werden.In other words, an electrically low-conductivity connecting element is produced between the two end regions of the conductor at the point of interruption, wherein the connecting element is formed by means of the electrically low-conductivity substance. In this case, the connecting element electrically couples the two end regions of the conductor. In this case, the electrically conductive substance may preferably be applied by means of a spraying method, casting method and / or extrusion method.

Bevorzugt umfasst der gering leitende Stoff (Verbindungselement) ein Material aus der Stoffgruppe der thermoelastischen Kunststoffe. Hierbei können Kunststoffe, welche Füll- oder Faserstoffe aus Graphit, Ruß, Karbon oder weitere Materialen, beispielsweise PEEK CF30, umfassen vorgesehen sein.Preferably, the low-conductivity substance (connecting element) comprises a material from the substance group of thermoelastic plastics. Here, plastics which fillers or fibers of graphite, carbon black, carbon or other materials, such as PEEK CF30, may be provided.

Es ergeben sich zum bereits genannten erfindungsgemäßen Induktor gleichartige und gleichwertige Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen Herstellungsverfahrens.The above-mentioned inductors according to the invention result in similar and equivalent advantages of the production method according to the invention.

Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist das Verbindungselement einen spezifischen Widerstand von wenigstens 102 Ωm und höchstens 105 Ωm auf.According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the connecting element has a specific resistance of at least 10 2 Ωm and at most 10 5 Ωm.

Dadurch wird vorteilhafterweise die Teilentladungsfestigkeit weiter erhöht, so dass sich die Zuverlässigkeit des Induktors weiter verbessert.As a result, the partial discharge resistance is advantageously further increased, so that the reliability of the inductor is further improved.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist das Verbindungselement als eine erste Muffe ausgebildet, wobei jeweils wenigstens ein Teil der zwei Endbereiche des Leiters von der ersten Muffe umschlossen ist.In an advantageous development of the invention, the connecting element is designed as a first sleeve, wherein in each case at least a part of the two end regions of the conductor is enclosed by the first sleeve.

Die elektrisch gering leitende erste Muffe (Innenmuffe) dient zur mechanischen, kraftschlüssigen Verbindung der zwei Enden beziehungsweise Endbereiche des Leiters, wobei die Enden durch die Unterbrechungsstelle des Leiters gebildet werden. Bevorzugt ist eine aus thermoelastischen Kunststoff gespritzte erste Muffe, die beide Enden beziehungsweise beide Endbereiche an der Unterbrechungsstelle umschließt. Hierbei ist eine erste Muffe vorgesehen, deren Außendurchmesser wesentlich größer als der Durchmesser des Querschnittes des Leiters ist.The electrically low-conductive first sleeve (inner sleeve) is used for the mechanical, non-positive connection of the two ends or end portions of the conductor, wherein the ends are formed by the point of interruption of the conductor. Preference is given to a thermoelastic plastic molded first sleeve which encloses both ends or both end regions at the point of interruption. Here, a first sleeve is provided, the outer diameter is substantially larger than the diameter of the cross section of the conductor.

In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist eine zweite Muffe vorgesehen, wobei die zweite Muffe elektrisch isolierend ist und die erste Muffe umschließt.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a second sleeve is provided, wherein the second sleeve is electrically insulating and enclosing the first sleeve.

Vorteilhafterweise wird dadurch die erste Muffe geschützt und zudem die mechanische Stabilität des Leiters sichergestellt. Zudem kann die erste Muffe mittels der zweiten Muffe mechanisch entlasten werden, so dass bei der Formgestaltung und elektrischen Auslegung der ersten Muffe das elektrische Wirken, das heißt die Erhöhung der Teilentladungsfestigkeit, bevorzugt ist. Die mechanische Stabilität wird dann folglich hauptsächlich durch die zweite Muffe gewährleistet. Hierbei ist die zweite Muffe elektrisch nicht leitend, das heißt ein Isolator. Insbesondere ist aufgrund der elektrischen Wirkung der ersten Muffe bei ihrer Formgestaltung darauf zu achten, dass scharfe Kante und/oder Grate vermieden werden. Beispielsweise kann dies mit einer ersten Muffe erreicht werden, die mittels eines Spritzgussverfahrens hergestellt ist.Advantageously, this protects the first sleeve and also ensures the mechanical stability of the conductor. In addition, the first sleeve can be mechanically relieved by means of the second sleeve, so that in the shape design and electrical design of the first sleeve, the electrical action, that is, the increase of the partial discharge resistance, is preferred. The mechanical stability is then ensured mainly by the second sleeve. Here, the second sleeve is electrically non-conductive, that is, an insulator. In particular, due to the electrical effect of the first sleeve in its shape design to make sure that sharp edge and / or burrs are avoided. For example, this can be achieved with a first sleeve, which is produced by means of an injection molding process.

Generell ist eine Muffe vorliegend ein Verbindungselement und insbesondere auch Schutzelemente. Die erste und/oder zweite Muffe ist vorzugsweise fest mit dem eingeführten Leiter verbunden und umschließt die Unterbrechungsstelle. Denkbar sind Ausgestaltungen der ersten und/oder zweiten Muffe als Gießharzmuffen, Gelmuffen, Spritzmuffen, Schrumpfmuffen - Warmschrumpf - oder Kaltschrumpfmuffen.In general, a sleeve in the present case is a connecting element and in particular also protective elements. The first and / or second sleeve is preferably fixedly connected to the inserted conductor and encloses the point of interruption. Configurable embodiments of the first and / or second sleeve as Gießharzmuffen, Gelmuffen, injection sleeves, shrink sleeves - heat shrink - or Kaltschrumpfmuffen.

Es ist eine zweite Muffe vorgesehen, die die erste Muffe, sowie wenigstens einen Teil einer Isolierung des Leiters umschließt. Liegt eine Isolierung des Leiters an beiden Teilen des Leiters vor, wobei die genannten Teile des Leiters durch die Unterbrechungsstelle gebildet werden, so sind bevorzugt die Isolierungen der beiden Teile des Leiters von der zweiten Muffe umschlossen.There is provided a second sleeve which encloses the first sleeve, and at least a portion of an insulation of the conductor. If there is insulation of the conductor on both parts of the conductor, wherein said parts of the conductor are formed by the point of interruption, so the insulation of the two parts of the conductor are preferably enclosed by the second sleeve.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das Verbindungselement als eine erste Leiterummantelung ausgebildet, wobei die erste Leiterummantelung die zwei Endbereiche des Leiters im Bereich der Unterbrechungsstelle umschließt.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the connecting element is designed as a first conductor casing, wherein the first conductor casing encloses the two end regions of the conductor in the region of the point of interruption.

Vorteilhafterweise können dadurch nach dem Stand der Technik bekannte Herstellungsverfahren für Leiterummantelungen für die Herstellung des Verbindungelementes verwendet werden.Advantageously, manufacturing methods for conductor sheathings known from the prior art can be used for the production of the connection element.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung weist der Leiter eine zweite Leiterummantelung auf, wobei die zweite Leiterummantelung die erste Leiterummantelung wenigstens im Bereich der Unterbrechungsstelle umschließt.In a particularly preferred development of the invention, the conductor has a second conductor casing, the second conductor casing enclosing the first conductor casing at least in the region of the point of interruption.

Hierbei ist eine zweite Leiterummantelung vorgesehen, die elektrisch isolierend ist. Mit anderen Worten wird durch die zweite Leiterummantelung die Isolierung des Leiters gebildet. Folglich ist der Leiter von einer zweischichtigen Ummantelung umschlossen, wobei die erste direkt am Leiter anliegende innere Schicht durch die erste Leiterummantelung, das heißt durch das elektrisch gering leitende Verbindungselement gebildet ist. Die zweite Schicht ist durch die zweite, außenliegende Leiterummantelung gebildet. Sie dient zur elektrischen und mechanischen Isolierung und zum Schutz des Leiters und der ersten Leiterummantelung.In this case, a second conductor sheath is provided, which is electrically insulating. In other words, the insulation of the conductor is formed by the second conductor casing. Consequently, the conductor is enclosed by a two-layer casing, wherein the first inner layer directly adjacent to the conductor is formed by the first conductor casing, that is to say by the electrically low-conductivity connection element is. The second layer is formed by the second, outer conductor sheath. It serves for the electrical and mechanical insulation and for the protection of the conductor and the first conductor sheath.

Vorteilhafterweise wird hierdurch die Herstellung des Induktors beziehungsweise des Leiters weiter verbessert und vereinfacht.Advantageously, this further improves and simplifies the production of the inductor or of the conductor.

Bevorzugt ist zwischen den zwei Endbereichen des Leiters ein Abstandshalter angeordnet.Preferably, a spacer is arranged between the two end regions of the conductor.

Ein zwischen den zwei Endbereichen angeordneter Abstandshalter ist insbesondere dann bevorzugt, wenn das Verbindungselement als erste Leiterummantelung ausbildet ist. Durch den Abstandshalter innerhalb der Unterbrechungsstelle wird insbesondere ein kontinuierliches Herstellungsverfahren für den Induktor beziehungsweise für einen Leiter des Induktors, beispielsweise mittels Extrusion, ermöglicht. Hierbei ist ein elektrisch isolierender oder ein elektrisch gering leitender Abstandhalter vorgesehen. Insbesondere kann der Abstandshalter dieselben Materialen wie das Verbindungselement umfassen oder mit diesem einstückig sein. Mit anderen Worten wird das Verbindungselement zusätzlich als Abstandshalter verwendet. Insbesondere ist das Verbindungselement einstückig ausgebildet.A spacer arranged between the two end regions is particularly preferred when the connecting element is designed as a first conductor casing. In particular, a continuous production process for the inductor or for a conductor of the inductor, for example by means of extrusion, is made possible by the spacer within the point of interruption. Here, an electrically insulating or electrically low-conductive spacer is provided. In particular, the spacer may comprise or be integral with the same materials as the connector. In other words, the connecting element is additionally used as a spacer. In particular, the connecting element is integrally formed.

In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der Abstandshalter von dem Verbindungselement umschlossen.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the spacer is enclosed by the connecting element.

Insbesondere ist der Abstandshalter von einem Verbindungselement umschlossen, welches als erste Leiterummantelung ausgebildet ist. Dadurch wird vorteilhafterweise die Teilentladungsfestigkeit erhöht.In particular, the spacer is enclosed by a connecting element, which is designed as a first conductor casing. As a result, the partial discharge resistance is advantageously increased.

Gemäß einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist wenigstens ein Endbereich unduloidartig ausgebildet.According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least one end region is formed unduloid-like.

Bevorzugt sind beide Endbereiche des Leiters an der Unterbrechungsstelle unduloidartig ausgebildet.Preferably, both end portions of the conductor are formed unduloid at the point of interruption.

Vorteilhafterweise wird durch die unduloidartige Ausbildung des wenigstens einen Endbereiches des Leiters des Induktors ein Verrutschen oder Verschieben der ersten Muffe (Verbindungselement) oder der ersten Leiterummantelung (Verbindungselement) behindert oder verhindert. Durch die Verhinderung des Verschiebens des Verbindungselementes wird die Teilentladungsfestigkeit des Leiters an der Unterbrechungsstelle an Enden des Leiters, die sich durch die Unterbrechungsstelle ausbilden, erhöht. Das ist deshalb der Fall, da durch eine Verhinderung des Verschiebens des Verbindungselementes eine Bildung von Gas- oder Lufteinschlüssen verhindert wird, wobei die Gas- oder Lufteinschlüsse beispielsweise aufgrund der mechanischen Zugbelastung bei der Kabelherstellung - Verseilung, Umspulen und Weitere - entstehen. Vorteilhafterweise wird die Zuverlässigkeit des Verbindungselementes und folglich die Zuverlässigkeit des gesamten Induktors verbessert.Advantageously, due to the unduloidal design of the at least one end region of the conductor of the inductor, slipping or displacement of the first sleeve (connecting element) or the first conductor sheath (connecting element) is hindered or prevented. By preventing the displacement of the connecting element, the partial discharge strength of the conductor at the point of interruption at ends of the conductor which form through the point of interruption is increased. This is the case because the prevention of the displacement of the connecting element avoids the formation of gas or air inclusions, with the gas or air inclusions occurring, for example due to the mechanical tensile load during cable production - stranding, rewinding and others. Advantageously, the reliability of the connecting element and consequently the reliability of the entire inductor is improved.

Ein weiterer besonderer Vorteil des unduloidartig ausgebildeten Endbereiches des Leiters an der Unterbrechungsstelle ist, dass scharfe Kanten, die zu einer Feldstärkeüberhöhung (Überhöhung der elektrischen Feldstärke) an der Unterbrechungsstelle führen, mittels der unduloidartigen Ausbildung vermieden werden. Vorteilhafterweise wird durch die Vermeidung von Feldstärkeüberhöhungen, die über die Dauer des kontinuierlichen Betriebes des Induktors zu einer Zerstörung der Isolierschicht an der Unterbrechungsstelle und folglich zu einem Ausfall des Induktors führen können, die Zuverlässigkeit des Induktors weiter verbessert.Another particular advantage of the unduloidally shaped end region of the conductor at the point of interruption is that sharp edges which lead to a field strength increase (increase in the electric field strength) at the point of interruption are avoided by means of the unduloid-type design. Advantageously, by avoiding field strength peaks that can lead to destruction of the insulating layer at the point of interruption over the duration of the continuous operation of the inductor, and consequently failure of the inductor, the reliability of the inductor is further improved.

Mit anderen Worten stellt die vorteilhafte unduloidartige Ausgestaltung des Endbereiches des Leiters an der Unterbrechungsstelle sowohl die elektrische als auch die mechanische Stabilität sicher. Durch die vorteilhafte und synergetische Kombination der elektrischen und mechanischen Stabilität, welche mittels der unduloidartigen Ausbildung des Endbereiches erreicht wird, wird insgesamt die Teilentladungsfestigkeit an der Unterbrechungsstelle des Leiters erhöht, so dass die Zuverlässigkeit des Induktors verbessert wird.In other words, the advantageous unduloidal configuration of the end region of the conductor at the point of interruption ensures both electrical and mechanical stability. Due to the advantageous and synergetic combination of electrical and mechanical stability, which by means of the unduloid-like design of the end is achieved, the overall partial discharge resistance at the point of interruption of the conductor is increased, so that the reliability of the inductor is improved.

Besonders bevorzugt sind die Ende der unduloidartigen Endbereiche halbkugelförmig ausgebildet ist.Particularly preferably, the end of the unduloid end regions is hemispherical in shape.

Durch die halbkugelförmige Ausbildung der Enden der unduloidartigen Endbereiche werden vorteilhafterweise scharfe Kanten oder Ecken, die bei der Herstellung der Unterbrechungsstelle entstehen können, beispielsweise durch die Durchtrennung des Leiters mit einem Schneidewerkzeug, vermieden. Mit anderen Worten wird durch die halbkugelförmig ausgebildeten Enden der unduloidartigen Endbereiche des Leiters die Teilentladungsfestigkeit an der Unterbrechungsstelle des Leiters weiter verbessert. Das ist deshalb der Fall, da die halbkugelförmige glatte Ausbildung der Ende Feldstärkeüberhöhungen, wie sie beispielsweise bei kantigen Formen auftreten, verhindert.As a result of the hemispherical design of the ends of the unduloid-type end regions, sharp edges or corners, which may arise during the production of the point of interruption, are advantageously avoided, for example by cutting through the conductor with a cutting tool. In other words, the semispherical shaped ends of the unduloid end portions of the conductor further improve the partial discharge strength at the point of interruption of the conductor. This is the case because the hemispherical smooth formation of the ends prevents field strength peaks, such as occur in edged shapes.

Beispielsweise wird mittels einer Abfolge von Ausbeulungen und Einschnürungen des Leiters, die durch eine entsprechende Ausgestaltung der Querschnittsfläche des Leiters ermöglicht werden, die unduloidartige Ausbildung des Endbereiches oder der Endbereiche ermöglicht. Vorgesehen ist auch eine Ausbeulung des Leiters, die bezüglich ihres Radius oder Durchmessers über den ursprünglichen Radius oder Durchmesser des Querschnittes des Leiters hinausgeht.For example, by means of a sequence of bulges and constrictions of the conductor, which are made possible by a corresponding configuration of the cross-sectional area of the conductor, the unduloid-like formation of the end region or of the end regions is made possible. Also provided is a bulge of the conductor which, with respect to its radius or diameter, exceeds the original radius or diameter of the cross-section of the conductor.

Durch die alternierende Abfolge der Ausbeulungen und Einschnürungen des Leiters wird vorteilhafterweise ein Verschieben des Leiters innerhalb der ersten Muffe oder der ersten Leiterummantelung behindert oder blockiert. Zusätzlich werden durch die abgerundete Ausgestaltung der unduloidartigen Endbereiche Feldstärkeüberhöhungen an den Enden der Endbereiche vermindert, so dass die Teilentladungsfestigkeit an der Unterbrechungsstelle und folglich die Zuverlässigkeit des Induktors verbessert wird.Due to the alternating sequence of the bulges and constrictions of the conductor advantageously a displacement of the conductor within the first sleeve or the first conductor sheath is hindered or blocked. In addition, the rounded configuration of the unduloid end portions reduces field strength peaks at the ends of the end portions, so that the partial discharge strength at the point of interruption and hence the reliability of the inductor are improved.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der wenigstens eine unduloidartige Endbereich von dem Verbindungselement, insbesondere von der ersten Muffe oder der ersten Leiterummantelung, umschlossen.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one unduloid-like end region is enclosed by the connecting element, in particular by the first sleeve or the first conductor casing.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung bildet der Leiter einen Leiter eines Multifilamentleiters aus.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the conductor forms a conductor of a multifilament conductor.

Hierbei ist vorgesehen, dass insbesondere alle Leiter des Multifilamentleiters eine elektrisch gering leitende Unterbrechungsstelle gemäß Anspruch 1 aufweisen. Hierbei sind die Filamente des Multifilamentleiters mittels der Mehrzahl von Leitern gebildet. Bevorzugt umfasst ein Multifilamentleiter eine Mehrzahl von wenigstens 10 und höchstens 5000 Leitern. Hierdurch wird vorteilhafterweise die Heizleistung des Induktors erhöht.In this case, it is provided that, in particular, all conductors of the multifilament conductor have an electrically low-conducting point of interruption according to claim 1. Here, the filaments of the multifilament conductor are formed by the plurality of conductors. Preferably, a multifilament conductor comprises a plurality of at least 10 and at most 5000 conductors. As a result, the heating power of the inductor is advantageously increased.

Bevorzugt ist ein Induktor mit einer Mehrzahl von Leitern, wobei die Unterbrechungsstellen der Leiter einen gegenseitigen Versatz entlang einer Längsachse des Induktors aufweisen.Preferred is an inductor having a plurality of conductors, wherein the interruption points of the conductors have a mutual offset along a longitudinal axis of the inductor.

Dadurch wird vorteilhafterweise ein Induktor ausgebildet, dessen einzelne Leiter kapazitiv miteinander verkoppelt sind. Durch die Reihenschaltung der Kondensatoren, die durch die kapazitiv gekoppelten Leiter ausgebildet wird, wird vorteilhafterweise die Blindleistung des Induktors reduziert und/oder im Resonanzfall annähernd kompensiert.As a result, an inductor is advantageously formed whose individual conductors are capacitively coupled to each other. Due to the series connection of the capacitors, which is formed by the capacitively coupled conductors, the reactive power of the inductor is advantageously reduced and / or approximately compensated in the case of resonance.

Besonders bevorzugt ist in Induktor aus einer Mehrzahl von Leitern, wobei sich die Leiter parallel entlang der Längsachse des Induktors erstrecken.Particularly preferred is in inductor of a plurality of conductors, wherein the conductors extend in parallel along the longitudinal axis of the inductor.

Vorteilhafterweise wird durch den parallelen Verlauf der Leiter eine annähernd konstante Kapazität zwischen den Leitern ermöglicht, so dass eine gleichmäßige und gleich verteilte Belastung der Leiter des Induktors vorliegt.Advantageously, an approximately constant capacitance between the conductors is made possible by the parallel course of the conductors, so that there is a uniform and equally distributed load on the conductors of the inductor.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung bilden die Leiter eine verflochtene und/oder verseilte Struktur aus, die sich entlang der Längsachse des Induktors erstreckt.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the conductors form an interlaced and / or stranded structure which extends along the longitudinal axis of the inductor.

Dadurch wird vorteilhafterweise eine Kabelanordnung der Leiter des Induktors ermöglicht, die durch eine Verflechtung und/oder Verseilung zum einen mechanisch stabilisiert wird und zum anderen zur Bildung von Kapazitäten zwischen den einzelnen Leitern besonders geeignet ist.As a result, a cable arrangement of the conductors of the inductor is advantageously made possible, which is mechanically stabilized by an entanglement and / or stranding on the one hand and on the other hand is particularly suitable for the formation of capacitances between the individual conductors.

Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus dem im Folgenden beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen sowie anhand der Zeichnungen. Dabei zeigen:

Figur 1
eine Schnittdarstellung eines Abschnittes eines Leiters eines Induktors, wobei der Leiter wenigstens eine Unterbrechungsstelle aufweist und zwei Endbereiche des Leiters an der Unterbrechungsstelle mittels einer ersten Muffe elektrisch gekoppelt sind;
Figur 2
eine Schnittdarstellung eines Abschnittes eines Leiter eines Induktors, wobei der Leiter wenigstens eine Unterbrechungsstelle aufweist und zwei unduloidartige Endbereiche des Leiters an der Unterbrechungsstelle mittels einer ersten Muffe elektrisch gekoppelt sind; und
Figur 3
eine Schnittdarstellung eines Abschnittes eines Leiters eines Induktors, wobei der Leiter wenigstens eine Unterbrechungsstelle aufweist und zwei Endbereiche des Leiters an der Unterbrechungsstelle mittels einer ersten Leiterummantelung elektrisch gekoppelt sind.
Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the embodiments described below and with reference to the drawings. Showing:
FIG. 1
a sectional view of a portion of a conductor of an inductor, wherein the conductor has at least one point of interruption and two end portions of the conductor are electrically coupled at the point of interruption by means of a first sleeve;
FIG. 2
a sectional view of a portion of a conductor of an inductor, wherein the conductor has at least one point of interruption and two unduloid-like end portions of the conductor are electrically coupled at the point of interruption by means of a first sleeve; and
FIG. 3
a sectional view of a portion of a conductor of an inductor, wherein the conductor has at least one point of interruption and two end portions of the conductor are electrically coupled at the point of interruption by means of a first conductor sheath.

Gleichartige Elemente können in den Figuren mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen sein.Similar elements may be provided in the figures with the same reference numerals.

Figur 1 zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung eines Abschnittes eines Leiters 2 eines Induktors 1, wobei sich der Leiter 2 entlang einer Längsachse A erstreckt. FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of a portion of a conductor 2 of an inductor 1, wherein the conductor 2 extends along a longitudinal axis A.

Als Leiter 2 kann ein einzelner Draht oder eine Litze vorgesehen sein, wobei der Leiter 2 ein elektrisch hochleitfähiges Material, beispielsweise Kupfer und/oder Aluminium, umfasst. Ist der Leiter 2 als Litze ausgebildet, so wird vorteilhafterweise der Hochfrequenzwiderstand des Induktors 1 beziehungsweise des Leiters 2 reduziert. Zur Bildung einer geeigneten Kapazität ist wenigstens ein weiterer zum Leiter 2 parallel verlaufender Leiter (nicht dargestellt) vorgesehen. Hierbei kann der weitere Leiter eine gegenüber dem Leiter 2 versetzte Unterbrechungsstelle aufweisen, wobei der Versatz sich periodisch fortsetzt und der Resonanzlänge entspricht. Bevorzugt ist ein weiterer Leiter, welcher wie der dargestellte Leiter 2 ausgestalt ist.As conductor 2, a single wire or a strand can be provided, wherein the conductor 2 comprises an electrically highly conductive material, such as copper and / or aluminum. If the conductor 2 is designed as a strand, the high-frequency resistance of the inductor 1 or of the conductor 2 is advantageously reduced. To form a suitable capacitance, at least one further conductor (not shown) running parallel to the conductor 2 is provided. In this case, the further conductor may have an offset point offset from the conductor 2, the offset continuing periodically and corresponding to the resonance length. Preference is given to a further conductor, which is designed like the illustrated conductor 2.

Der Leiter 2 weist ferner zur Bildung der Kapazitäten eine Unterbrechungsstelle 4 auf. Durch die Ausbildung der Unterbrechungsstelle 4, weist der Leiter 2 zwei Endbereiche 6 auf. Außerhalb der Endbereiche 6 ist der Leiter 2 von einem elektrisch isolierenden Außenmantel 14 (zweite Leiterummantelung) umschlossen. Für den elektrisch isolierenden Außenmantel 14 sind hochtemperaturbeständige Kunstoffe, beispielsweise PFA, PTFE, PEEK oder Kombination der genannten Kunstoffe vorgesehen. Ein Außenmantel 14, welcher eine Mehrzahl von Schichten umfasst kann vorgesehen sein. Insbesondere kann jede Schicht eines mehrschichtigen Außenmantels 14 aus einem anderen Material gefertigt sein.The conductor 2 also has an interruption point 4 to form the capacitances. Due to the formation of the interruption point 4, the conductor 2 has two end regions 6. Outside the end regions 6, the conductor 2 is enclosed by an electrically insulating outer jacket 14 (second conductor jacket). For the electrically insulating outer jacket 14 high-temperature resistant plastics, such as PFA, PTFE, PEEK or combination of said plastics are provided. An outer sheath 14 comprising a plurality of layers may be provided. In particular, each layer of a multilayer outer sheath 14 may be made of a different material.

Die offenliegenden, das heißt die nicht vom elektrisch isolierenden Außenmantel 14 umschlossen Endereiche 6 sind mittels eines elektrisch gering leitenden Verbindungselementes 8 elektrisch gekoppelt beziehungsweise verbunden. Ein Element oder Material wird hier als elektrisch gering leitend bezeichnet, falls das Element oder Material einen spezifischen Widerstand im Bereich von 10 Ωm bis 1010 Ωm aufweist. Besonders bevorzugt ist ein Bereich von 102 Ωm bis 105 Ωm oder von 102 Ωm bis 103 Ωm.The exposed, that is, not enclosed by the electrically insulating outer sheath 14 Endereiche 6 are electrically coupled or connected by means of an electrically low-conductivity connecting element 8. An element or material is referred to herein as having low electrical conductivity if the element or material has a resistivity in the range of 10 Ωm to 10 10 Ωm. Especially a range from 10 2 Ωm to 10 5 Ωm or from 10 2 Ωm to 10 3 Ωm is preferred.

In dem in Figur 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist das elektrisch gering leitende Verbindungselement 8 als eine erste Muffe 8, das heißt als eine (innenliegende) Innenmuffe 8, ausgebildet. Hierbei umschließt die erste Muffe 8 die zwei Endbereiche 6 des Leiters 2 an der Unterbrechungsstelle 8. Durch die wenn auch geringe elektrische Leitfähigkeit der ersten Muffe 6 werden die zwei Endbereiche 6 des Leiters 2 elektrisch gekoppelt beziehungsweise verbunden. Hierdurch wird vorteilhafterweise die Teilentladungsfestigkeit des Induktors 1 beziehungsweise des Leiters 2 an der Unterbrechungsstelle 4 verbessert.In the in FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment, the electrically low-conductivity connecting element 8 as a first sleeve 8, that is, as an (inner) inner sleeve 8 is formed. In this case, the first sleeve 8 surrounds the two end regions 6 of the conductor 2 at the point of interruption 8. As a result of the low electrical conductivity of the first sleeve 6, the two end regions 6 of the conductor 2 are electrically coupled or connected. As a result, the partial discharge resistance of the inductor 1 or of the conductor 2 at the point of interruption 4 is advantageously improved.

Bei der Herstellung des Induktors 1 kann die erste Muffe 6 als Fixierung für die beiden Endbereiche 6 des Leiters dienen. Hierbei wird vorteilhafterweise durch die erste Muffe 6 verhindert, dass die Endbereiche 6 (Leiterenden) beim Spritzen der zweiten Muffe 10 eine Innenwand einer Spritzform berühren. Hierdurch wird eine annähernd konstante Schichtdicke der zweiten Muffe 10 gewährleistet.In the manufacture of the inductor 1, the first sleeve 6 can serve as a fixation for the two end regions 6 of the conductor. In this case, it is advantageously prevented by the first sleeve 6 that the end regions 6 (conductor ends) touch an inner wall of an injection mold during injection of the second sleeve 10. As a result, an approximately constant layer thickness of the second sleeve 10 is ensured.

Figur 2 zeigt einen Induktor 1 gemäß Figur 1, wobei im Gegensatz zu Figur 1 zwei Endbereiche 6 des Leiters 2 unduloidartig ausgebildet sind. Hierbei zeigt Figur 2 dieselben Elemente wie bereits Figur 1. FIG. 2 shows an inductor 1 according to FIG. 1 , whereas contrary to FIG. 1 two end portions 6 of the conductor 2 are formed unduloid-like. This shows FIG. 2 the same elements as already FIG. 1 ,

An der Unterbrechungsstelle 4 weist der Leiter 2 die zwei Endbereiche 6 auf, die jeweils unduloidartig ausgebildet sind. Hierbei wird die unduloidartige Ausgestaltung der Endbereiche 6 mittels einer Abfolge von Einschnürungen und Ausbeulungen des Querschnittes des Leiters 2 gebildet. Der Querschnitt des Leiters 2 verläuft senkrecht zur Längsachse A des Leiters 2 und ist annähernd kreisförmig ausgebildet. Die funktionale Form der Ausbeulungen und Einschnürungen kann dem Zweck angepasst werden. Beispielsweise ist eine cosinus- oder sinusförmige Profilkurve des unduloidartigen Endbereiches 6 vorgesehen. Die Profilkurve ergibt sich aus einem Längsschnitt des Leiters 2 entlang der Längsachse A in den Endbereichen 6.At the point of interruption 4, the conductor 2 has the two end regions 6, which are each formed in an unduloid manner. Here, the unduloid-like configuration of the end regions 6 is formed by means of a sequence of constrictions and bulges of the cross section of the conductor 2. The cross section of the conductor 2 extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A of the conductor 2 and is formed approximately circular. The functional shape of the bulges and constrictions can be adapted to the purpose. For example, a cosine or sinusoidal profile curve of the unduloid end region 6 intended. The profile curve results from a longitudinal section of the conductor 2 along the longitudinal axis A in the end regions 6.

Die unduloidartigen Endbereiche 6 sind an ihren jeweiligen Enden halbkugelförmig ausgebildet. Durch die halbkugelförmige Ausgestaltung oder Ausbildung der Enden werden Feldstärkeüberhöhungen an den Enden und folglich an der Unterbrechungsstelle vermieden, so dass hierdurch die Teilentladungsfestigkeit an der Unterbrechungsstelle erhöht wird.The unduloid end portions 6 are hemispherical in shape at their respective ends. The hemispherical configuration or formation of the ends avoids field strength peaks at the ends and consequently at the point of interruption, thereby increasing the partial discharge strength at the point of interruption.

Die Ausbeulungen der unduloidartigen Endbereiche weisen im Querschnitt einen Radius auf, der dem Radius eines ursprünglichen Querschnittes des Leiters 2 entspricht. Hierbei ist als ursprünglicher Querschnitt des Leiters ein mittlerer Querschnitt außerhalb der Endbereiche 6 zu verstehen. Mit anderen Worten stellen die Ausbeulungen nur gegenüber den Einschnürungen Ausbeulungen des Leiters 2 dar. In dem in Figur 2 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel weisen die unduloidartigen Endbereiche 6 des Leiters 2 jeweils drei Ausbeulungen und drei Einschnürungen auf.The bulges of the unduloid end regions have a radius in cross section corresponding to the radius of an original cross section of the conductor 2. Here, an average cross section outside the end regions 6 is to be understood as the original cross section of the conductor. In other words, the bulges only form buckling of the conductor 2 with respect to the constrictions FIG. 2 In the embodiment shown, the unduloid end regions 6 of the conductor 2 each have three bulges and three constrictions.

Der sich entlang der Längsachse A erstreckende Leiter 2 ist von der ersten und zweiten Muffe 8, 10 umgeben, wobei die genannten Muffen 8, 10 den Leiter 2 im Bereich der Unterbrechungsstelle 4 umschließen. Durch die unduloidartigen Endbereiche 6 des Leiters 2 an der Unterbrechungsstelle 4 werden die Feldstärkeüberhöhungen und folglich die Teilentladungen an der Unterbrechungsstelle 4 verringert, so dass die erste Muffe 8 an der Unterbrechungsstelle 4 zum einen durch die Verringerung der Teilentladungen entlastet und zum anderen mechanisch durch die Abfolge von Ausbeulungen und Einschnürungen der Endbereiche 6 kraftschlüssig fixiert wird. Eine kraft- und formschlüssige Fixierung kann vorgesehen sein. Folglich ermöglicht die unduloidartige Ausbildung der Endbereiche 6 eine synergetische und vorteilhafte Kombination von mechanischer und elektrischer Festigkeit der ersten Muffe 6 an der Unterbrechungsstelle 4 des Leiters 2.The extending along the longitudinal axis A conductor 2 is surrounded by the first and second sleeve 8, 10, wherein said sleeves 8, 10 enclose the conductor 2 in the region of the point of interruption 4. Due to the unduloid end regions 6 of the conductor 2 at the point of interruption 4, the field strength peaks and consequently the partial discharges at the point of interruption 4 are reduced so that the first sleeve 8 at the point of interruption 4 relieves firstly by reducing the partial discharges and secondly mechanically through the sequence of bulges and constrictions of the end portions 6 is fixed non-positively. A positive and positive fixation can be provided. Consequently, the unduloidal design of the end regions 6 enables a synergistic and advantageous combination of mechanical and electrical strength of the first sleeve 6 at the point of interruption 4 of the conductor 2.

Die zweite Muffe 10 umschließt wiederum einen isolierenden Außenmantel 14, so dass im Wesentlichen die zweite Muffe 10 zur mechanischen Stabilisierung und mechanischen Entlastung der ersten Muffe 8 dient.The second sleeve 10 in turn encloses an insulating outer jacket 14, so that essentially the second sleeve 10 serves for mechanical stabilization and mechanical relief of the first sleeve 8.

Figur 3 zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung eines Abschnittes eines Leiters 2 eines Induktors 1, wobei der Leiter 2 wenigstens eine Unterbrechungsstelle 4 aufweist und zwei Endbereiche 6 des Leiters an der Unterbrechungsstelle 4 mittels einer ersten Leiterummantelung 9 elektrisch gekoppelt sind. FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of a portion of a conductor 2 of an inductor 1, wherein the conductor 2 has at least one point of interruption 4 and two end portions 6 of the conductor are electrically coupled at the point of interruption 4 by means of a first conductor sheath 9.

Hierbei ist als Verbindungselement der zwei Endbereiche 6 die erste Leiterummantelung 9 vorgesehen. Mit anderen Worten ist das Verbindungselement als erste Leiterummantelung 9 ausgebildet. Ferner ist zwischen den zwei Endbereichen 6 ein Abstandshalter 16 angeordnet, der die Endbereiche 6 mechanisch fixiert und auf Abstand hält. Hierbei ist eine axiale Länge (parallel zur Längsachse A) des Abstandshalters 16 im Bereich von 10 mm bis 500 mm, besonders bevorzugt im Bereich von 10 mm bis 50 mm vorgesehen. Die Endbereiche 6 erstrecken sich hierbei annähernd entlang des gesamten Leiters 2, da annähernd der gesamte Leiter 2 von der ersten, elektrisch gering leitenden Leiterummantelung 9 umschlossen ist.Here, the first conductor sheath 9 is provided as a connecting element of the two end regions 6. In other words, the connecting element is designed as a first conductor sheath 9. Further, a spacer 16 is arranged between the two end regions 6, which mechanically fixes the end regions 6 and keeps them at a distance. In this case, an axial length (parallel to the longitudinal axis A) of the spacer 16 in the range of 10 mm to 500 mm, particularly preferably in the range of 10 mm to 50 mm is provided. The end regions 6 in this case extend approximately along the entire conductor 2, since approximately the entire conductor 2 is enclosed by the first, electrically low-conductive conductor casing 9.

Der Leiter 2 weist gemäß Figur 3 eine zweischichtige Ummantelung auf. Eine erste, am Leiter 2 direkt anliegende Schicht 9 wird durch die erste, elektrisch gering leitende Leiterummantelung 9 (Verbindungselement) gebildet. Eine zweite, äußere Schicht 14 umschließt die erste Schicht 9 und wird mittels einer zweiten Leiterummantelung 14 gebildet, wobei die zweite Leiterummantelung 14 einen äußeren Abschluss des Leiters 2 ausbildet. Hierbei ist insbesondere eine elektrisch isolierende zweite Leiterummantelung 14 vorgesehen.The conductor 2 has according to FIG. 3 a two-layer sheath on. A first, directly adjacent to the conductor 2 layer 9 is formed by the first, electrically low-conductive conductor casing 9 (connecting element). A second, outer layer 14 encloses the first layer 9 and is formed by means of a second conductor sheath 14, wherein the second conductor sheath 14 forms an outer end of the conductor 2. In this case, an electrically insulating second conductor casing 14 is provided in particular.

Vorteilhafterweise können durch die in Figur 3 dargestellte Ausführung des Verbindungselementes als erste Leiterummantelung 9 bekannte Herstellungsverfahren, insbesondere Extrusionsverfahren zur Herstellung des Leiters 2 beziehungsweise des Induktors 1 verwendet werden.Advantageously, by the in FIG. 3 illustrated embodiment of the connecting element as the first conductor sheath 9 known manufacturing process, in particular extrusion process be used for the preparation of the conductor 2 and the inductor 1.

Obwohl die Erfindung im Detail durch die bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiele näher illustriert und beschrieben wurde, so ist die Erfindung nicht durch die offenbarten Beispiele eingeschränkt oder andere Variationen können vom Fachmann hieraus abgeleitet werden, ohne den Schutzumfang der Erfindung zu verlassen.Although the invention has been further illustrated and described in detail by the preferred embodiments, the invention is not limited by the disclosed examples, or other variations can be derived therefrom by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (16)

  1. Inductor (1) for the inductive heating of oil sand, oil shale or heavy oil deposits, comprising at least one conductor (2) which has at least one interruption point (4), characterised in that two end regions (6) of the conductor (2) are connected at the interruption point (4) by means of an electrically conducting connection element (8, 9), wherein the connection element (8, 9) has a specific resistance of at least 10 Ωm and at most 1010 Ωm.
  2. Inductor (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the connection element (8, 9) has a specific resistance of at least 102 Ωm and at most 105 Ωm.
  3. Inductor (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the connection element (8, 9) is designed as a first sleeve (8), wherein in each case at least one part of the two end regions (6) of the conductor (2) are surrounded by the first sleeve (8).
  4. Inductor (1) according to claim 3, having a second sleeve (10), wherein the second sleeve (10) is electrically insulating and surrounds the first sleeve (8).
  5. Inductor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the connection element (8, 9) is designed as a first conductor casing (9), wherein the first conductor casing (9) surrounds the two end regions (6) of the conductor (2) in the region of the interruption point (4).
  6. Inductor (1) according to claim 5, characterised in that the conductor (2) has a second conductor casing (14), wherein the second conductor casing (14) surrounds the first conductor casing (9) at least in the region of the interruption point (4).
  7. Inductor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a spacer (16) is arranged between the two end regions (6) of the conductor (2).
  8. Inductor (1) according to claim 7, characterised in that the spacer (18) is surrounded by the connection element (8, 9).
  9. Inductor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one end region (6) of the conductor (2) is formed in an unduloid-like manner at the interruption point (4).
  10. Inductor (1) according to claim 9, characterised in that the at least one unduloid-like end region (6) is surrounded by the connection element (8, 9).
  11. Inductor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the conductor (2) forms a conductor of a multifilament conductor.
  12. Inductor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, having a plurality of conductors which each have an interruption point (4) according to claim 1, wherein the interruption points (4) of the conductors (2) have a complementary offset along a longitudinal axis of the inductor (1).
  13. Inductor (1) according to claim 12, characterised in that the conductors extend in parallel along the longitudinal axis of the inductor (1).
  14. Inductor (1) according to claim 12 or 13, characterised in that the conductors (2) form an intertwined and/or stranded structure which extends along the longitudinal axis of the inductor (1).
  15. Production method for an inductor (1) for the inductive heating of oil sand, oil shale or heavy oil deposits, in which at least one conductor (2) is provided and at least one interruption point (4) of the conductor (2) is created by cutting the conductor in two, characterised in that two end regions (6) of the conductor (2) are connected at the interruption point (4) by introducing an electrically conducting substance (8, 9), wherein the electrically conducting substance (8, 9) has a specific resistance of at least 10 Ωm and at most 1010 Ωm.
  16. Production method according to claim 15, in which the electrically conducting substance (8, 9) is introduced by means of an injection procedure, casting procedure and/or extrusion procedure.
EP14169412.5A 2014-05-22 2014-05-22 Inductor Not-in-force EP2947959B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14169412.5A EP2947959B1 (en) 2014-05-22 2014-05-22 Inductor
PCT/EP2015/058810 WO2015176909A1 (en) 2014-05-22 2015-04-23 Inductor
ARP150101586A AR100548A1 (en) 2014-05-22 2015-05-21 INDUCTOR

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14169412.5A EP2947959B1 (en) 2014-05-22 2014-05-22 Inductor

Publications (2)

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EP2947959A1 EP2947959A1 (en) 2015-11-25
EP2947959B1 true EP2947959B1 (en) 2016-09-28

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EP (1) EP2947959B1 (en)
AR (1) AR100548A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2015176909A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4617449A (en) * 1981-10-22 1986-10-14 Ricwil, Incorporated Heating device for utilizing the skin effect of alternating current
DE102007040605B3 (en) 2007-08-27 2008-10-30 Siemens Ag Device for conveying bitumen or heavy oil in-situ from oil sand deposits comprises conductors arranged parallel to each other in the horizontal direction at a predetermined depth of a reservoir
DE102008022176A1 (en) * 2007-08-27 2009-11-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for "in situ" production of bitumen or heavy oil
FR2947587A1 (en) * 2009-07-03 2011-01-07 Total Sa PROCESS FOR EXTRACTING HYDROCARBONS BY ELECTROMAGNETIC HEATING OF A SUBTERRANEAN FORMATION IN SITU
US8763692B2 (en) * 2010-11-19 2014-07-01 Harris Corporation Parallel fed well antenna array for increased heavy oil recovery
EA025554B1 (en) * 2011-12-02 2017-01-30 Леони Кабель Холдинг Гмбх Method for producing a cable core having a conductor surrounded by an insulation for a cable, in particular for an induction cable, and cable core and cable

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WO2015176909A1 (en) 2015-11-26
EP2947959A1 (en) 2015-11-25

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