EP3005448A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'une électrode et dispositif de fabrication d'une électrode - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'une électrode et dispositif de fabrication d'une électrode

Info

Publication number
EP3005448A1
EP3005448A1 EP13725372.0A EP13725372A EP3005448A1 EP 3005448 A1 EP3005448 A1 EP 3005448A1 EP 13725372 A EP13725372 A EP 13725372A EP 3005448 A1 EP3005448 A1 EP 3005448A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode substrate
coated
coating
electrode
uncoated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13725372.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Roscher
Thomas Echelmeyer
Lars EBERT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp System Engineering GmbH
Original Assignee
ThyssenKrupp System Engineering GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ThyssenKrupp System Engineering GmbH filed Critical ThyssenKrupp System Engineering GmbH
Publication of EP3005448A1 publication Critical patent/EP3005448A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
    • H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22—Electrodes
    • H01G11/26—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features
    • H01G11/28—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features arranged or disposed on a current collector; Layers or phases between electrodes and current collectors, e.g. adhesives
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
    • H01G11/86—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
    • H01M4/0409—Methods of deposition of the material by a doctor blade method, slip-casting or roller coating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/24—Electrodes for alkaline accumulators
    • H01M4/26—Processes of manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing an electrode and to an apparatus for producing an electrode.
  • Electrodes are well known and are an integral part of batteries.
  • an electrode intended for a battery consists of an electrode substrate, preferably a metal foil, and a coating.
  • Coating preferably a layer of active material, is usually applied to the
  • Electrode substrate applied wherein the coating does not extend over the entire region of the electrode substrate.
  • the coating is formed so that the metal foil remains uncoated at its edge regions. These uncoated areas serve as Abieiter for the electrode. Decisive for the quality of the electrode is the uniform or uniform coating. inferior
  • Electrodes can adversely affect the performance of the later battery.
  • the quality of the electrode is devalued by the nature of the coating on its edge regions, since the shape of the edges and their positioning
  • the prior art therefore proposes to coat the metal foil completely with an active material and then expose the Abieiter by means of laser ablation.
  • active material is removed in a disadvantageous manner over a large area, as a result of which a large amount of active material is consumed uselessly.
  • a transport means provided for the transport of the electrode substrate has no possibility of gripping the electrode without contacting the coating.
  • the object is achieved by a method for producing an electrode, wherein in a first method step, a coating, so applied to an electrode substrate, that at least one coated area and at least one uncoated area are formed, wherein the coated area has a coating and the uncoated area has no coating, and, wherein in a second process step at least a portion of the coating is removed from the coated area.
  • the inventive method has the advantage over the prior art that less coating must be removed.
  • the established coating methods can advantageously be used in order to coat the electrode substrate in the first method step.
  • it is possible in an advantageous manner to resort to existing production facilities or parts of the manufacturing plant, and thus to dispense with a cost associated with additional new acquisition of a manufacturing plant for coating.
  • less active material is removed if the coated electrode substrate has non-coated areas instead of being completely coated. As a result, active material can be saved in an advantageous manner, which is removed from the electrode substrate.
  • the coating is completely removed in one part (ie the electrode substrate is exposed) or is only partially removed in this area, in particular only part of the surface of the coating, in order to realize a level profile of the coating.
  • the edge of the coating after the first method step is advantageously corrected or reworked such that the coating is configured homogeneously and uniformly with respect to positioning and height profile.
  • the electrode substrate is a metal foil and / or the coating is active material.
  • an electrode is provided for a battery, in particular a lithium-ion battery, supercaps or the like.
  • the electrode may be wound up or stacked together with other electrodes and separators.
  • Boundary can be advantageously ensured that the distance from the electrode edge to the edge of the coated area remains constant, creating a uniform
  • Positioning on the electrode substrate can be realized.
  • the distance from the electrode edge to the edge of the coated region remains constant for different electrodes of a production series as a result of the second method step.
  • the removal of the coating is not limited to a preferred direction. It is conceivable, for example, for the electrode substrate to be present as a quasi-continuous band which is not continuously coated along a running direction in a first method step, and for the removal in the second method step both along a direction substantially parallel to the running direction and substantially perpendicular to the running direction Direction takes place.
  • the fabricated electrode has a rectangular shaped coated area and the electrode substrate is uncoated at all edges of the electrode.
  • the electrode substrate comprises an electrode substrate edge and the non-coated region on
  • Electrode substrate edge is arranged.
  • such a non-coated area is particularly suitable for serving as a conductor for the electrode or a battery. It may prove to be an advantage to use the uncoated region as Abieiter if the ablation process used incomplete or only partially removed from the electrode substrate, thereby adversely affecting the electrical properties of the Abieiter, such as its conductivity. It is also conceivable that the ablation process itself will be the properties of the future abieiter negatively influenced. According to the present embodiment, instead, it is possible to use a part of the electrode substrate which is part of the
  • Electrode substrate is transported during the removal by means of a conveyor. It is provided that an ablation unit or a removal means, is arranged stationary, while the coated electrode substrate relative to
  • the method is integrated as a manufacturing component in the production of batteries, wherein the production also includes, for example, the winding of the electrode or the stacking of a plurality of electrodes and a plurality of separators.
  • uncoated area is used by the conveyor and / or a guide means for conveying and / or guiding the electrode substrate. It is advantageous that the uncoated area is suitable for transporting a
  • the non-coated area is intended to restrict the freedom of movement of the coated electrode substrate during transport, for example, possible lateral displacements of the coated
  • a multiplicity of electrodes can advantageously be produced in a production process comprising the first and the second method step.
  • the non-coated region preferably extends parallel and / or perpendicular along the main direction of extension of the electrode substrate or the preferred direction of the coating through the coating. In this way, in particular one after the other or next to each other a plurality of coated Electrode areas are generated, and thus an efficient mass production of electrodes can be achieved.
  • the removal takes place with the aid of electromagnetic waves, preferably laser light.
  • Abtragungsaku is then provided, for example, a laser.
  • the removal by means of electromagnetic waves can ensure that the coating can be removed from the coated electrode substrate as precisely and as quickly as possible in a more advantageous manner.
  • the electromagnetic waves are focused by means of a focusing device on the ablated part of the coated area.
  • the beam cross-section is tapered with the aid of lenses if the removal is to be limited to a smaller partial area of the coated area.
  • the same ablation effect can be achieved with comparatively less expenditure of energy.
  • energy costs can be reduced in the manufacture of the electrode, since higher intensities, in particular ablation intensities, can be achieved with a smaller cross section for the same laser power.
  • a lens system is provided that adapts the degree of focusing to the required effort required for the removal of the coating.
  • Electrode substrates that would otherwise have been disposed of because of the insufficient congruence of their coating. This can advantageously on the disposal or complex recycling of a coated on both sides
  • Electrode substrate be waived if the two opposite
  • the electrode substrate is positioned, wherein by means of a detection means, the uncoated and / or the coated area and / or the boundary between uncoated and coated area is used for positioning. It is provided that the detection means detects the position of the electrode substrate, for example in which a camera observes at least a part of the electrode substrate. If the determined, ie the actual position deviates from a desired position, it is provided that the position of the electrode substrate is changed until the actual position corresponds to the desired position. By means of this positioning operation, the accuracy with which the edge of the coated area is arranged on the electrode substrate can advantageously be further improved.
  • Another object of the present invention is a device for producing an electrode, in particular according to one of the methods described above, wherein the device comprises a coating unit which is designed such that in a first step on the electrode substrate coated area and
  • the apparatus further includes
  • Abtragungsaku has, which is designed such that a portion of the coating in the coated area in a second process step is ablatable.
  • a device can be realized in an advantageous manner, an electrode whose boundary between the coated and uncoated area forms a straight edge, the coating has a flat height profile and their coatings is congruent, if it is a coated on both sides electrode substrate.
  • the device a
  • Conveying means which is designed such that the electrode substrate is movable relative to the Abtragungsaku. This can advantageously the
  • Electrode substrate are moved while the removal of parts of the coating takes place.
  • the device a
  • the detection means supported in advantageous and
  • the removal unit is arranged directly in front of a calendering unit and / or directly after a drying device for drying the coated electrode substrate in a plant for the production of batteries is. Such an arrangement proves to be advantageous in that it can be easily and simply integrated into the manufacturing process of a battery.
  • FIGS. 1 a to d show the developmental history of a single-sidedly coated electrode according to a method according to the invention in a plan view, starting with an uncoated electrode substrate (FIG. 1 a), after the first method step (FIG. 1 b) and after the second method step (FIG. 1 c) and FIG. 1 d).
  • FIG. 2 a to d show the developmental history of a single-sidedly coated electrode according to a method according to the invention as a cross section, beginning with an uncoated electrode substrate (FIG. 2 a), after the first method step (FIG. 2 b) and after the second method step (FIG. 2 c and FIG. ,
  • FIGS. 3 a to d show the developmental history of a double-coated electrode according to a method according to the invention as a cross section, starting with an uncoated electrode substrate (FIG. 2 a), after the first method step (FIG. 2 b) and after the second method step (FIG. 2 c and FIG. ,
  • FIGS. 6 a and b show a part of the development history of an electrode according to the method according to the invention in a further embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 shows a device for producing an electrode in accordance with FIG.
  • FIGS. 1 a to d follow the production process of a single-sidedly coated electrode 1 from a top view according to a method according to the invention by means of snapshots at the beginning, during and after completion of the method.
  • FIG. 1 a illustrates an uncoated electrode substrate 39 with one
  • the uncoated electrode substrate 39 is a metal foil.
  • the uncoated electrode substrate 39 is present as a quasi-endless band, which is continuously fed to the manufacturing process of the electrode.
  • the direction of travel of the belt through the coating unit generally defines a preferred direction A along which a coating 2 is applied to the uncoated electrode substrate 39.
  • FIG. 1 b shows how a coating 2, according to a first method step of the method according to the invention, is divided along a preferred direction A into a coated electrode substrate 40 in coated regions 3 and non-coated regions 4.
  • the coated region 3 has two edges 8 which run essentially parallel to one another and substantially parallel to one of the electrode substrate edges 41. It can be seen that after the first
  • Electrode substrate 40 in particular the edge of the coated area 8, do not have the quality that would be desirable, for example, for integration as an electrode in a battery.
  • FIG. 1 c shows the coated electrode substrate after the second method step, with the removed coatings 5 being dotted for better understanding
  • Preferred direction A advantageously constant.
  • an uncoated region 4 is provided to the electrode, which can serve as the Abieiter 6 of the electrode 1.
  • the coated electrode substrate 40 after the second process step before as a quasi-endless belt it is particularly intended to divide the quasi-continuous band to electrodes 1 for
  • Electrode 1 To provide, which can be used preferably as a component of a battery use. To form a battery, it is customary to wind up the electrode 1 or to stack it together with other electrodes and separators.
  • FIGS. 2 a to d follow the production process of a single-sidedly coated electrode 1 according to a method according to the invention on the basis of snapshots at the beginning, during and after completion of the method, wherein the electrode is shown in cross section.
  • the electrode substrate 40 coated in FIG. 2 b has coated area 3 and uncoated areas 4. It can be seen that the edge 8 of the coated area does not form a sharp edge that is perpendicular to the main plane of extension. Instead, a coated area 3 is realized by the coating process, the from the
  • Coating is applied to a separator or to another coated electrode.
  • This disadvantageously leads to possibly stacked layers being able to move relative to one another due to the reduced frictional effect between them.
  • the elevations in the coating lead to unnecessarily increased space requirements for the stacked electrodes.
  • a part of the coating is removed in such a way that both the elevation or the dome and the successive increase in the coating disappear in height. This is shown in FIG. 2 c, in which the removed coating is shown as a dotted area 5.
  • Electrode 1 according to a method of the invention based on snapshots at the beginning, during and after completion of the method, which is shown as a cross section. After the uncoated electrode substrate from FIG. 3 a has been coated in a first method step, the coated one illustrated in FIG.
  • the areas coated on the two sides are arranged so that an upper coating 21 and a lower coating 22 substantially follow one another along a direction perpendicular to the main extension plane
  • FIG. 3b also illustrates that after the first method step, the upper coating 21 and the lower coating do not
  • FIG. 3 d shows the electrode after the second method step, when the upper and lower coatings 21 and 22 advantageously overlap one another congruently and are arranged on both sides of the electrode substrate 40. In this case, the edges 8 of the lower and upper coating are superimposed.
  • FIGS. 4 a to d follow the production process of a one-sided, along one
  • the electrode substrate 40 coated in FIG. 4 b comprises coated area 3 and uncoated areas 4. It can be seen that the coated regions 3 are frayed in the border region to the non-coated regions 4, ie, no sharp or straight edges are formed.
  • the coating 2 is removed in such a way that both along the preferred direction A and in a direction perpendicular thereto in each case in the boundary region of the coated and uncoated regions 3 and 4, a sharp or straight edge is formed.
  • FIG. 4c dotted depicts the ablated regions 5.
  • the coating 2 can be removed in such a way that a predetermined and desired edge course is realized by the second method step.
  • FIG. 4 d shows the electrode 1 after the second method step, when the coated regions 3 of the electrode 1 are formed as rectangular surfaces, each with sharp and smooth edge progressions.
  • the rectangular shaped, coated regions 3 are arranged along the preferred direction A at a distance from one another on the coated electrode substrate.
  • Electrodes for example, form a part of a battery stacked.
  • FIGS. 5 a to d follow the production process of an electrode 1, which is not coated on both sides along a preferred direction A, from a plan view according to a method according to the invention by means of snapshots at the beginning, during and after completion of the method. After each side of the uncoated
  • the coated electrode substrate 40 has coated region 3 and non-coated regions 4.
  • the regions 3 coated on the two sides are arranged such that an upper coating 21 and a lower coating 22 follow one another along a plane perpendicular to the main extension plane
  • FIG. 5b also illustrates that after the first method step, the upper coating 21 and the lower coating are not arranged congruently, ie the edges 8 of the upper coating 22 and the lower coating 21 do not overlap one another. This applies both in a direction extending along the preferred direction and in a direction perpendicular thereto.
  • the dashed white line is the
  • a coated electrode substrate 40 is unsuitable for integration as an electrode 1 into a battery.
  • the coating 2 is removed in such a way that the remaining upper and lower coatings 21 and 22 overlap one another congruently.
  • the upper and lower coatings 21 and 22 are then superimposed congruent in that the resulting electrode can become part of a battery.
  • FIG. 6 a shows the coated electrode substrate 40 after the first method step, wherein the coated electrode substrate 40 has coated regions 3 which are arranged adjacent to one another along the preferred direction A.
  • the second method step a part of the coating 2 is removed such that a further uncoated region 4 'is formed.
  • the coated areas 3 are after the second method step
  • Process step also arranged adjacent to each other in the direction perpendicular to the preferred direction extending direction.
  • An electrode 1 with the coated regions 3 adjacent to a direction perpendicular to the preferred direction A is shown in FIG. 6b.
  • the coated electrode substrate 40 has only a single coated area 3 after the first method step, and the second method step generates one or more further non-coated areas 4 'by the removal of the coating.
  • a plurality of electrodes 1 may be generated, for example, when the coated electrode substrate 40 is divided after the second process step, that is at least one coated region 3 remains on the separated portion of the coated electrode substrate.
  • FIG. 7 shows an ablation unit for an apparatus 100 according to the invention for producing an electrode, comprising an x-directional movable frame 10, on which four laser sources 20 are arranged, which are each provided for emitting laser light 25.
  • the illustrated ablation unit is a two-sided coated electrode substrate 40 with coated areas 3 and uncoated areas 4 arranged such that laser light 25 falls from the laser sources 20 directly on the or theeuertragenden parts of the coating.
  • Coating 2 are removed, which must be removed to realize a high-quality electrode, it is crucial to position the coated electrode foil relative to the ablation unit.
  • a detection means 30 is arranged on the movable frame 10. The detection means registers
  • a lateral displacement of the electrode substrate 40 when the position of the electrode substrate rim 41 changes relative to a desired position.
  • the movable frame 10 can be tracked so that the electrode substrate 40 remains substantially always in the desired position .
  • the upper and lower Coating 21 and 22 are congruent. It is also conceivable that during the removal of the electrode substrate 40 is transported by a means of transport.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'une électrode, un revêtement étant appliqué sur un substrat d'électrode au cours d'une première étape de procédé, de telle manière qu'au moins une zone revêtue et au moins une zone non revêtue sont formées, au moins une partie du revêtement de la zone revêtue étant éliminée au cours d'une deuxième étape de procédé.
EP13725372.0A 2013-05-28 2013-05-28 Procédé de fabrication d'une électrode et dispositif de fabrication d'une électrode Withdrawn EP3005448A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2013/060928 WO2014191020A1 (fr) 2013-05-28 2013-05-28 Procédé de fabrication d'une électrode et dispositif de fabrication d'une électrode

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3005448A1 true EP3005448A1 (fr) 2016-04-13

Family

ID=48534393

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13725372.0A Withdrawn EP3005448A1 (fr) 2013-05-28 2013-05-28 Procédé de fabrication d'une électrode et dispositif de fabrication d'une électrode

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3005448A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014191020A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114447282A (zh) * 2020-10-30 2022-05-06 北京小米移动软件有限公司 极片及其加工方法、锂电池
DE102023105439A1 (de) 2023-03-06 2024-09-12 Technische Universität Braunschweig, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts Verfahren zur Herstellung von Elektroden für ein galvanisches Element

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4578311B2 (ja) * 2004-07-28 2010-11-10 三星エスディアイ株式会社 二次電池用電極板の製造方法及びこれを用いて製造される二次電池用電極板
DE102010044080A1 (de) * 2010-11-17 2012-05-24 Varta Microbattery Gmbh Herstellungsverfahren für Elektroden
DE102010062143B4 (de) * 2010-11-29 2016-08-04 Zentrum für Sonnenenergie- und Wasserstoff-Forschung Baden-Württemberg Gemeinnützige Stiftung Batterieelektrode und Verfahren zum Herstellen derselben
US9905838B2 (en) * 2011-08-30 2018-02-27 Gs Yuasa International Ltd. Electrode and method of manufacturing the same

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Title
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See also references of WO2014191020A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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