EP3004575A1 - System for performing an engine braking procedure based on decompression events for a 4-stroke cycle engine - Google Patents
System for performing an engine braking procedure based on decompression events for a 4-stroke cycle engineInfo
- Publication number
- EP3004575A1 EP3004575A1 EP14735862.6A EP14735862A EP3004575A1 EP 3004575 A1 EP3004575 A1 EP 3004575A1 EP 14735862 A EP14735862 A EP 14735862A EP 3004575 A1 EP3004575 A1 EP 3004575A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- engine
- cylinder
- outlet
- valves
- inlet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/08—Shape of cams
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/06—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for braking
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0273—Multiple actuations of a valve within an engine cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/04—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation using engine as brake
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
- F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
- F01L2013/0052—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams provided on an axially slidable sleeve
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an engine braking system based on decompression events for a 4-stroke cycle engine. Description of the prior art
- One of the braking system concept is based on a compression- decompression event.
- a compression phase where the fuel injection is inhibited, fresh air is compressed.
- TDC top dead center
- the exhaust valves are opened in order to release the compressed air, before such compressed air, acting as a spring, returns the energy received during the compression phase to the piston. Therefore, the engine compression energy is dissipated as braking force.
- the present invention enables a 2-stroke-like engine braking in a simple and effective way.
- a special exhaust lift profile in combination with a standard inlet profile is provided in order to realize a 2-stroke like engine braking in a 4-stroke engine.
- standard means that the cam profile commanding the inlet valves is completely unchanged with respect to the "fired" mode of the engine.
- concept of standard means also that the present invention has not to do with those special applications called bleeder- type, where the valves are maintained slightly open.
- the present invention is directed to a modification of a traditional scheme where the valves, when closed are completely closed.
- a compression- decompression event is carried out every crankshaft turn.
- a decompression event at each TDC is carried out every crankshaft turn.
- a braking strategy is carried out through the implementation of a cam shifting method, such as the "INA cam shifting method” Norbert Nitz, Harald Elendt, Arndt Ihlemann, Andreas Nendel, Schaeffler Symposium 2010.
- the INA cam shifting method is based on a sleeve having at least two cam profiles.
- the sleeve is able to slide axially on a base shaft, while it is forced to rotate with the base shaft .
- the method of the present invention comprises a step of providing the exhaust sleeve with two or more cam profiles on adjacent portions of the sleeve and a step of axially shifting said sleeve on said base shaft in order to enable a profile implementing two decompression events of a braking procedure .
- adjacent portions are clear in light of the abovementioned paper: several cam profiles are annularly defined on adjacent and consecutive portions of the sleeve along its longitudinal development.
- 2-stroke braking procedure is implemented by means of three- dimensional cams having different profiles according to an axial shifting of the cam itself on the base shaft.
- An example of such tridimensional cams is shown on EP0208663.
- Fig. 1 shows a comparison between the four phases of a standard operating condition of a 4-stroke combustion engine and a braking condition according to the present invention
- Fig. 2 shows a comparison between the same conditions of figure 1 according to the cam angle.
- the diagram shows the standard exhaust profile and an example of the required exhaust lift to realize the 2-stroke brake operation according to the present invention.
- control of the engine valves during a braking operation is carried out through at least one outlet cam profile switched according to a cam shifting method, i.e., by axially shifting a sleeve on the base shaft in order to enable a different cam profile.
- the first compression phase coincides with the standard compression phase, i.e. when the engine is fired, even if during the braking procedure, the engine is dragged and the injectors are prevented to inject the fuel .
- the first decompression B-II' event happens approximately at the TDC. It is preferable that the exhaust valves open slightly before the piston reaches the TDC, to release the pressure .
- the exhaust valves remain open after the first decompression event B-II'- on the contrary with the respect to a standard (fired) valve behaviour - in order to permit the same piston to suck air from the exhaust pipe B-III.
- the exhaust valves are open in order to eject the exhaust gasses.
- the exhaust valves are kept closed in order to carry out a second compression phase followed by a second decompression event.
- for "close” is intended “fully close” and not partially as in the bleeder schemes.
- the one or more exhaust valves are kept open during the second lowering phase of the piston, namely the third phase B-III of a 4-stroke engine cycle, and closed during the second lifting phase B-IV (fourth phase of a 4-stroke engine cycle) , contrarily with the outlet standard behaviour shown in F-IV, where the outlet valves are open for discharging the exhaust gasses.
- the first sucking phase is realized through the inlet valves, thus the inlet cam lifting profile is unchanged, while the second sucking phase is realized through the outlet valves, thus only the outlet cam lifting profile is varied.
- Figure 1 shows a comparison, through the four phases of a 4- stroke engine, between a fired condition from F-I to F-IV, on the left of the figure, and a braking procedure from B-I to B-IV, on the right of the figure, according to the present invention.
- F-I and B-I first lowering of the piston for sucking fresh air from the inlet side. This phase is in common with both the conditions standard/braking, that is when the engine is fired and when it is in braking mode;
- F-II and B-II first lifting of the piston; during the braking procedure the fuel injection is inhibited and the second phase, B-II comprises the decompression event B-II'; F-III and B-III: second lowering of the piston: when the engine is fired both the inlet and outlet valves are closed; when the engine is in braking mode the exhaust valve is open, in order to carry out a second air sucking, but from the exhaust side;
- F-IV and B-IV when the engine is fired, during the fourth phase the exhaust gasses are ejected by the exhaust valves, instead during the braking procedure, the exhaust valves follow the same behaviour discussed during the second phase, that is a compression phase B-IV followed by decompression event B-IV .
- the decompression events are always commanded by the outlet cam/valve.
- the cylinder shown through figure 1 is provided with only one set of inlet valves commanded by one common inlet cam profile at the same time and is provided with only one set of outlet valves commanded by one common outlet cam profile at the same time.
- the cylinder does not possess further valves as for example the fifth valve in DE102004006681.
- Figure 2 shows a diagrammatic comparison of an exhaust cam profile between the two conditions standard (fired) and braking .
- Two arrows indicate the decompression events.
- inlet cam profile (long dashed line) remains unchanged between 180 deg and -90 deg independently from the fired/braking operation.
- inlet cam profile (long dashed line) remains unchanged between 180 deg and -90 deg independently from the fired/braking operation.
- exhaust valves displacement and thus the shape of the cam, can be varied according to the kind of combustion engine. Therefore, the lifting millimetres indicated on figure 2 should be considered as a non limitative example.
- the switching between the standard lifting profile and the braking profile, according to the present invention, is advantageously realised by an axially shifting cam profile or any other cam switching device.
- the dashed line refers to the braking profile, i.e. to the eccentricity of a portion of the sleeve defining the "braking profile".
- the cam profile enabled is the short dashed one on figure 2: it
- first decompression event increases its eccentricity in the range -45;-20 deg to a second value, substantially 1,8 mm, and
- the continuous line of figure 2 shows a standard exhaust lift profile, adopted when the engine is fired.
- the just one peak is disposed substantially between said first and second peaks of the dashed curve.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP14735862.6A EP3004575B1 (en) | 2013-05-27 | 2014-05-27 | System for performing an engine braking procedure based on decompression events for a 4-stroke cycle engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13169302.0A EP2808503A1 (en) | 2013-05-27 | 2013-05-27 | System for performing an engine braking procedure based on decompression events for a 4-stroke cycle engine |
PCT/EP2014/060903 WO2014191385A1 (en) | 2013-05-27 | 2014-05-27 | System for performing an engine braking procedure based on decompression events for a 4-stroke cycle engine |
EP14735862.6A EP3004575B1 (en) | 2013-05-27 | 2014-05-27 | System for performing an engine braking procedure based on decompression events for a 4-stroke cycle engine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3004575A1 true EP3004575A1 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
EP3004575B1 EP3004575B1 (en) | 2017-12-13 |
Family
ID=48534201
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13169302.0A Withdrawn EP2808503A1 (en) | 2013-05-27 | 2013-05-27 | System for performing an engine braking procedure based on decompression events for a 4-stroke cycle engine |
EP14735862.6A Active EP3004575B1 (en) | 2013-05-27 | 2014-05-27 | System for performing an engine braking procedure based on decompression events for a 4-stroke cycle engine |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13169302.0A Withdrawn EP2808503A1 (en) | 2013-05-27 | 2013-05-27 | System for performing an engine braking procedure based on decompression events for a 4-stroke cycle engine |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP2808503A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN105392970B (en) |
BR (1) | BR112015029560B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2662585T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014191385A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT201600130806A1 (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2018-06-23 | Fpt Motorenforschung Ag | METHOD TO PERFORM A HEATING OF A POST-TREATMENT SYSTEM OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE PREPARED TO IMPLEMENT THE METHOD |
DE102017003081A1 (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2018-10-04 | Man Truck & Bus Ag | Variable valve train with brake cam |
DE102018105359A1 (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2019-09-12 | Man Truck & Bus Ag | Variable valve train with sliding cam system for an internal combustion engine |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB307753A (en) * | 1928-03-12 | 1930-06-11 | Motorwagenfabrik Berna A.G. | |
US4512154A (en) * | 1971-09-22 | 1985-04-23 | Takahiro Ueno | Method for driving a vehicle driven by an internal combustion engine |
IT1182480B (en) | 1985-07-02 | 1987-10-05 | Fiat Auto Spa | TAPPING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES EQUIPPED WITH SHAFTS WITH VARIABLE PROFILE CAMS |
CN101180459B (en) * | 2002-12-23 | 2012-03-21 | 雅各布斯车辆系统公司 | Engine braking methods and apparatus |
DE102004006681A1 (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2005-08-25 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Engine braking system for combustion engines comprises opening inlet valves during piston positioning in the region of the lower dead point and closing after the lower dead point, and passing compressed air into the outlet of the engine |
DE102006005336A1 (en) * | 2006-02-07 | 2007-08-09 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Internal combustion engine |
CN201241740Y (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2009-05-20 | 俞黎明 | Oscillating beam integrated type brake device of four-stroke internal combustion engine |
-
2013
- 2013-05-27 EP EP13169302.0A patent/EP2808503A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2014
- 2014-05-27 WO PCT/EP2014/060903 patent/WO2014191385A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-05-27 EP EP14735862.6A patent/EP3004575B1/en active Active
- 2014-05-27 CN CN201480030911.7A patent/CN105392970B/en active Active
- 2014-05-27 BR BR112015029560-6A patent/BR112015029560B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2014-05-27 ES ES14735862.6T patent/ES2662585T3/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2014191385A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN105392970A (en) | 2016-03-09 |
EP2808503A1 (en) | 2014-12-03 |
BR112015029560B1 (en) | 2022-07-05 |
BR112015029560A2 (en) | 2017-07-25 |
EP3004575B1 (en) | 2017-12-13 |
CN105392970B (en) | 2017-10-03 |
WO2014191385A1 (en) | 2014-12-04 |
ES2662585T3 (en) | 2018-04-09 |
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