EP2998503B1 - Schiefer und ölsand-fracking mit einem sauberen verarbeitungssystem und verfahren - Google Patents

Schiefer und ölsand-fracking mit einem sauberen verarbeitungssystem und verfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2998503B1
EP2998503B1 EP15186235.6A EP15186235A EP2998503B1 EP 2998503 B1 EP2998503 B1 EP 2998503B1 EP 15186235 A EP15186235 A EP 15186235A EP 2998503 B1 EP2998503 B1 EP 2998503B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
well bore
well
pipe
fracturing
frozen
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EP15186235.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2998503A2 (de
EP2998503A3 (de
Inventor
John Edward Vandigriff
Einar Arvid Orbeck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
VANDIGRIFF, JOHN EDWARD
Waterelectricenergy LLC
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Individual
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
    • E21B43/2405—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection in association with fracturing or crevice forming processes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B36/00—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
    • E21B36/001—Cooling arrangements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/164—Injecting CO2 or carbonated water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • E21B43/2605—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures using gas or liquefied gas
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and system for producing fracturing of shale and oil sands, and mineral containing material to release natural gases and oil utilizing CO 2 and a steam process without using other chemical contaminants.
  • U.S. Patent 8,733,439 uses CO 2 , but also used H 2 O 2 (hydrogen peroxide) which, when used medically in small amounts, is considered a mild antiseptic, and can be used as a bleaching agent.
  • Hydrogen peroxide can be used for certain industrial or environmental purposes as well, because it can provide the effects of bleaching without the potential damage of chlorine-based agents. Because this substance can be unstable in high concentrations, it must be used with care. In higher concentrations, it can create strong chemical reactions when it interacts with other agents, and it can damage the skin or eyes of persons working with it. The use in wells may contaminate underground water if there is seepage into ground water.
  • This patent also uses other chemicals such as Fe, Co, Ni and similar chemicals.
  • US 3 602 310 A relates to a method of increasing the permeability of a subterranean hydrocarbon bearing formation penetrated by a wellbore and includes inducing a primary horizontal fracture, in the formation which extends from an injection well to a producing well.
  • a system of microfractures is caused to be formed in a direction normal to the major fracture by cooling the formation by the introduction of a cryogenic fluid and by subsequently heating the formation adjacent to the primary fracture.
  • US 4 607 699 A relating to a method for treating a tar sand reservoir to enhance petroleum production by cyclic steam stimulation.
  • the method comprises fracturing the drainage area by injection of liquid carbon dioxide. While carbon dioxide is in place within the formation, steam is injected into the formation. After a suitable soaking period, the well is opened to production.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a clean, noncontaminating process for producing fracturing of shale, limestone, sands, and other geological and mining formations to release natural gas and oil within a well, and to break up any mineral containing material.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a system and method, not forming part of the invention, for producing clean fracturing in a natural gas and oil well.
  • the well has a vertical drill bore and or pipe casing 1a and a horizontal drill bore or pipe casing 1b extending horizontally from the lower end of vertical drill bore and or pipe casing 1a.
  • This is the standard method of drilling wells.
  • Inserted in the well is vertical pipe or tube 2a which extends the length of vertical well bore 1a and then extends horizontally, 2b, into the horizontal well bore 1b.
  • Well bore 1a is then caped at the top with seal 15. This is to prevent any gasses or other material from escaping out into the atmosphere and surrounding area.
  • This system is an example that can be used with the claimed fracturing process. Modification of the system and other configurations may be used with the fracturing process.
  • Clean water is supplied through input 14 through a processing system 8, which includes a three way valve.
  • the water is directed through 23 into pipe 9 and then in to storage container 5, which carbonates the water, using the CO 2 from portable storage container 6.
  • the carbonated water from container 5 is then directed, through pipe 10 and valve 10b, into the well at opening 10a. This carbonated water flows downward into the well and fills the horizontal portion 1b with carbonated water.
  • the carbonated water in container 5 may be refrigerated to keep the carbonated water cool, or partially frozen so as to prevent vaporization of the CO 2 from the water while it is being injected into the well.
  • the carbonated water may be lightly frozen to provide an icy slush. Sand can be injected into the wellbore alone, or with the carbonated water to aid in the fracturing process.
  • processing unit 7 filters out any particulate material and separates the gas/oil and CO 2 from the remaining water.
  • the CO 2 can be returned through pipe 28 to the CO 2 storage tank 6 for reuse.
  • the gas/oil is then stored or directed out pipe 13 for storage and/or transportation to another storage facility.
  • particulate filter 7 there could be at least two parallel particulate filters. One would be used at a time. When the flow of gas/petroleum/CO2 decreases to a lower determined level through the particulate filter, a sensor would detect this lower level and would switch the flow through a parallel filter. There would be a notification of this change, and the clogged filter could be cleaned to remove the particulate for use again.
  • the separated water is then passed through pipe 12 into processing system 8.
  • the water can be directed back into the system though valve 21 for reuse, as needed, for additional fracturing of the well.
  • the water can also be processed to clean it, removing any and all chemical and/or foreign matter from the well and then sent thought pipe 14 for storage and/or another use.
  • All of the units, Steam generator 4, carbonated water unit 5, CO 2 unit 6, separator 7 and processing system may all be portable units for use at other locations.
  • the units may be incorporated in one movable unit for movement to other drilling sites.
  • a pressure sensor 30 measures the pressure. If the pressure exceeds a predetermined amount, then release valve 31 would open, and stay open, as long as the pressure exceeds the predetermined amount. When the pressure is reduced, then value 31 would close.
  • refrigerated CO 2 can be injected into the well bore and then expanded with the pressurized steam. This would limit the amount of carbonated water needed in the well bore. Since steam is vaporized water, after the steam is injected into the refrigerated CO 2 , it would cool and become carbonated water. Additional steam injected into the refrigerated CO 2 would cause it to expand and cause fracturing. This would limit the amount of carbonated water to be removed from the well for cleaning and future use.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the system and method for producing clean fracturing in a natural gas and oil well as in Figure 1 with the following differences in the system and method.
  • a isolation plug 19 is placed near the bottom of the vertical portion 1a of the well bore, or in any part of horizontal well bore 1b. The location of the isolation plug is determined where the fracturing of the well is to begin. Since carbonated water cannot be inserted into the well after the isolation plug seal 19 is in place, the valve 3 of Figure 1 is replaced with valve 20. The carbonated water is then passed through pipe 17 into valve 20 into pipe 2a to insert the carbonated water into the well bore.
  • the carbonated water will flow downward through pipe 2a and horizontal pipe 2b and into the well out openings 16 and out the end 2d of horizontal pipe 2b into the well bore.
  • the pressurized steam from steam generator 4 is directed through valve 20 into pipe 2a and 2b.
  • the steam is then evenly distributed into horizontal well bore 1b through openings 16, as in Figure 1 , providing pressure to producing the fracturing required to release the natural gas or oil from the surrounding areas.
  • isolation plug 19 is that the pressure cannot pass upward into vertical well bore 1a, or unwanted areas of 1b, providing a greater pressure in the localized horizontal portion of 1b of the well bore, increasing the fracturing pressure and increasing the result of the fracturing, releasing more natural gas and/or oil.
  • Isolation plug 19 could include a pressure sensor 38 and release valve 39 to prevent the pressure from exceeding a predetermined amount, to prevent over fracturing.
  • the isolation plug can be later removed or drilled out to allow flow in well bore 1a.
  • the remaining carbonated water, any loose sand or other particulate material, and the gas/oil may be pumped upward though pipe 2a and well bore 1a through pipes 11a and 11b to valve 11c, and then through pipe 11 into processing unit 7.
  • FIG 3 illustrates a well configuration in which frozen CO 2 is inserted into a pipe 45 and then expanded by pressurized steam to cause fracturing of the walls of the well bore 1b.
  • This configuration involves cooling CO 2 in unit 50 to below its freezing temperature of -78.5 degrees C (-109.3 degrees F) and injecting a snow like compound into well bore 1b.
  • This is achieved through a flexible composite material or metal alloy insertion hose or tube 51 and 45, which can be the same as tube 2a, Figure 2 , attached via a delivery hose or tubing from the surface.
  • the cooled CO 2 is released into the well bore through the perforations 43 in the insertion tube 42, or by use of, or with a perforating gun.
  • a CO 2 sensor and release valve 41 When sufficient amounts of cooled CO 2 are achieved, a CO 2 sensor and release valve 41 immediately closes off the CO 2 induction and triggers a steam pressure sensor and release valve 40 for high pressure steam to immediately be injected through the same flexible perforated composite or metal alloy insertion tube 45.
  • a pressure containment plate 46 seals the lower portion of the well to prevent pressure from rising upward to the top of the well. This process creates a catalytic reaction that rapidly heats and expands the cooled CO 2 causing the fracturing of the shale or other geological formation being addressed. This process can be carried out in one large stage or in multiple stages, depending upon the specific characteristics of the geological formation being fractured, and can be repeated until the required desire of fracturing is achieved.
  • This configuration can be used in combination with the basic system shown in Figure 2 where the assembly in Figure 3 replaces the structure at the lower end of tube 2a, or any part of horizontal 1b of Figure 2 .
  • Pipe 45 in Figure 3 may have several configurations and partitions for inserting the fracturing materials into the well.
  • Figures 4a and 4b below shows two possible configurations. Other configurations are possible to individually insert the fracturing materials in the order necessary to provide the fracturing.
  • valve 20a The frozen CO 2 , and steam are alternately inserted though valve 20a.
  • the system of Figure 1 could be used to extract minerals other than gas and oil. In this configuration, there would be extreme fracturing to break up the mineral containing soil/rock in the structure. The mineral containing soil/rock would be vacuumed up out of the structure where the minerals could be separated from the soil/rock. This process would use a vacuum system similar to that used to mine minerals from the sea bottom. In this instance, the pressure system and release valves would not be used.
  • Figures 4a and 4b illustrate two types of insertion tubes.
  • Figures 4a and 4b are cross sectional views taken at A-A in Figure 3 .
  • Figure 4a shows concentric used to insert particulate frozen CO 2 , pressurized steam and fracking sand as needed.
  • the outer structure is the well bore structure into which the concentric tubes are inserted.
  • Figure 4b shows parallel tubes into which pressurized steam, and particulate frozen CO 2 are injected into the well bore structure.
  • valves 3, 20, 20a, 10b and 11c and tubes 2a and 2b in Figures 1 , 2 and 3 may remain onsite for future use.

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  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Verfahren, das Folgendes aufweist:
    Vorsehen von Fracking bzw. einem Aufbrechvorgang in einem Bohrloch (1a, 1b), um Erdgas und/oder Öl zu fördern, wobei das Bohrloch (1a, 1b) vertikale und horizontale Bohrlochregionen und ein Rohr (45, 42) aufweist;
    Injizieren von gefrorenem CO2 in das Bohrloch (1a, 1b), wobei das CO2 unter seine Gefriertemperatur gekühlt ist, um ein schneeartiges Material zu erzeugen, welches in das Bohrloch (1a, 1b) durch ein Rohr (51, 45) injiziert wird und welches in das Bohrloch (1a, 1b) durch Perforationen in dem Rohr (51, 45) freigegeben wird; und
    Injizieren von unter Druck gesetztem Dampf in eine Region des Bohrlochs (1a, 1b) durch Umfangsöffnungen (43) in dem Rohr (45, 42), das sich nach unten in das Bohrloch (1a, 1b) erstreckt, und in die horizontale Region des Bohrlochs (1b), nachdem eine ausreichende Menge an gefrorenem CO2 in das Bohrloch freigegeben wurde, um eine katalytische Reaktion zu erzeugen, welche das gefrorene CO2 aufheizt und expandiert, was das Fracking bzw. den Aufbrechvorgang von Schiefer oder anderen geologischen Formationen in dem Bohrloch bewirkt.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Umfangsöffnungen (43) in dem Rohr (45, 42) voneinander beabstandet sind, um die Injektion des unter Druck gesetzten Dampfes in gleichen Teilen entlang der Länge des horizontalen Teils des Rohrs (45, 42) zu maximieren.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, wobei die Anzahl der Öffnungen (43) sich zu einem Ende des horizontalen Teils des Rohrs (45, 42) hin vergrößert, um gleichmäßig den unter Druck gesetzten Dampf über die horizontale Region des Bohrlochs (1b) zu verteilen.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, welches aufweist, ein Sensorventil (30) auszulösen, wenn eine ausreichende Menge an gefrorenem CO2 in das Bohrloch (1a, 1b) freigegeben worden ist, um die Injektion von gefrorenem CO2 abzuschließen und ein zweites Ventil (31) zu öffnen, um zu gestatten, dass unter Druck gesetzter Dampf in das Bohrloch injiziert wird, um das gefrorene CO2 schnell zu expandieren.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, welches eine Dichtung (15) am Oberteil des Bohrlochs (1a, 1b) aufweist, um zu verhindern, dass irgendwelche Gase und andere Materialien das Bohrloch (1a, 1b) verlassen und in die Atmosphäre eintreten, und ein System (50) zum Einfrieren von CO2 zur Injektion in das Bohrloch (1a, 1b).
EP15186235.6A 2014-09-22 2015-09-22 Schiefer und ölsand-fracking mit einem sauberen verarbeitungssystem und verfahren Active EP2998503B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/121,591 US20160084054A1 (en) 2014-09-22 2014-09-22 Method of gas, oil and mineral production using a clean processing system and method

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EP2998503A2 EP2998503A2 (de) 2016-03-23
EP2998503A3 EP2998503A3 (de) 2016-06-22
EP2998503B1 true EP2998503B1 (de) 2023-05-10

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US (1) US20160084054A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2998503B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2904301C (de)
MX (2) MX2015013366A (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10699319B1 (en) * 2016-05-12 2020-06-30 State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company Cross selling recommendation engine
CN106382106B (zh) * 2016-10-26 2019-02-26 东北石油大学 利用超临界二氧化碳进行井下周期吞吐采油的方法和装置
CN110821448B (zh) * 2019-11-14 2022-02-18 中国科学院广州能源研究所 一种海相天然气水合物的开采方法及开采装置
CN111426570B (zh) * 2020-05-06 2022-04-29 西南石油大学 一种双通道式超临界二氧化碳压裂实验装置
CN116122782A (zh) * 2022-12-22 2023-05-16 新疆敦华绿碳技术股份有限公司 一种co2冷采及辅助蒸汽吞吐设备

Family Cites Families (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3602310A (en) * 1970-01-15 1971-08-31 Tenneco Oil Co Method of increasing the permeability of a subterranean hydrocarbon bearing formation
US4607699A (en) * 1985-06-03 1986-08-26 Exxon Production Research Co. Method for treating a tar sand reservoir to enhance petroleum production by cyclic steam stimulation
US4756369A (en) * 1986-11-26 1988-07-12 Mobil Oil Corporation Method of viscous oil recovery
US5085276A (en) * 1990-08-29 1992-02-04 Chevron Research And Technology Company Production of oil from low permeability formations by sequential steam fracturing
US5207271A (en) * 1991-10-30 1993-05-04 Mobil Oil Corporation Foam/steam injection into a horizontal wellbore for multiple fracture creation
US5472050A (en) * 1994-09-13 1995-12-05 Union Oil Company Of California Use of sequential fracturing and controlled release of pressure to enhance production of oil from low permeability formations
US8733439B1 (en) 2012-11-28 2014-05-27 Amarjit Singh Bakshi Method of gas and oil production from shale, oil sands and biomass using proppants and well safety options

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2904301C (en) 2017-08-01
EP2998503A2 (de) 2016-03-23
US20160084054A1 (en) 2016-03-24
CA2904301A1 (en) 2016-03-22
MX2015013366A (es) 2016-08-01
EP2998503A3 (de) 2016-06-22
MX2021000005A (es) 2021-03-09

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