EP2997240B1 - Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine and method for operating the exhaust system - Google Patents
Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine and method for operating the exhaust system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2997240B1 EP2997240B1 EP14719766.9A EP14719766A EP2997240B1 EP 2997240 B1 EP2997240 B1 EP 2997240B1 EP 14719766 A EP14719766 A EP 14719766A EP 2997240 B1 EP2997240 B1 EP 2997240B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust
- exhaust system
- shut
- exhaust pipe
- reflection
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000030279 gene silencing Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
- F01N1/083—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling using transversal baffles defining a tortuous path for the gases or successively throttling gas flow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/02—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance
- F01N1/023—Helmholtz resonators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/02—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance
- F01N1/026—Annular resonance chambers arranged concentrically to an exhaust passage and communicating with it, e.g. via at least one opening in the exhaust passage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/16—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using movable parts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/16—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using movable parts
- F01N1/166—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using movable parts for changing gas flow path through the silencer or for adjusting the dimensions of a chamber or a pipe
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/16—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using movable parts
- F01N1/168—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using movable parts for controlling or modifying silencing characteristics only
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate silencers in series
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more silencers in parallel, e.g. having interconnections for multi-cylinder engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/36—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an exhaust flap
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
- F01N2470/02—Tubes being perforated
Definitions
- an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine having a first and a second cylinder, wherein the first cylinder, a first exhaust pipe and the second cylinder is associated with a second exhaust pipe and wherein the first exhaust pipe, a first silencer and the second exhaust pipe is associated with a second muffler, wherein from the first exhaust pipe upstream of a first obturator branches off a first damping tube first opens into a first chamber and then passed through the first muffler and opens into the second exhaust pipe downstream of a second obturator and that of the second exhaust pipe upstream of a second obturator branches off a second damping pipe, which first opens into a second chamber and then passed through the second silencer and opens into the first exhaust pipe downstream of the first o
- Object of the present invention is to avoid the disadvantages mentioned above and at the same time introduce a variability in the acoustic damping properties of the silencer system.
- the inventive design of the exhaust system has a structure advantageous with respect to the exhaust backpressure. Due to the construction according to the invention, one or both shut-off valves can also be closed at the same time without a substantial increase in the exhaust backpressure. Compared with conventional exhaust systems exists with open shut-off devices, such. As exhaust valves, a minimum or hardly measurable throttling (increase in the exhaust backpressure), since the entire Abgasrohr- and damping tube volume is used to the end of the exhaust system. By a slightly different structure, the shut-off valves can also be shifted in time to improve a subjective hearing impression during the switching phases. The staggered switching of the two shut-off devices can be reduced to conspicuous, acoustic level jumps in an advantageous manner.
- the very low exhaust back pressure of the exhaust system due to the inventive design has a very positive effect.
- the volumes of the first silencer and the second silencer can also be subsequently changed.
- one or more possibly necessary resonators can be easily integrated in the exhaust system while maintaining the symmetry in a simple manner. Due to the symmetrical design of the exhaust system, these and beyond the muffler itself can be very cheap.
- the exhaust pipes can also be manufactured and installed as the same components.
- the Y-branch elements of the exhaust pipes to the damping tubes can be implemented for example as hydroforming (IHU).
- the damping tubes with perforation, which are guided through the silencer, are also implemented as equal parts. The same applies to the damping pipe from the Y pipe section to the reflection chamber.
- Fig. 1 shows an end portion of an exhaust system 1 according to the invention for an internal combustion engine, not shown, with at least a first and a second, also not shown cylinder.
- the first and the second cylinder are representative of cylinder groups of the internal combustion engine.
- the cylinders 1 to 3 of the cylinder group 1 and the cylinders 4 to 6 correspond to the cylinder group 2.
- the first cylinder is a first exhaust pipe 2 and the second cylinder is associated with a second exhaust pipe 3. Further, the first exhaust pipe 2, a first muffler 4 and the second exhaust pipe 3, a second muffler 5 is assigned.
- a first damping pipe 2 branches off from the first exhaust pipe 2 upstream of a first shut-off element 6. This first flows into a first reflection chamber 7 and is then passed through the first muffler 4 and opens again into the second exhaust pipe 3 downstream of a second obturator 8.
- branches from the second exhaust pipe 3 upstream of a second obturator 8 a second Damping tube 3 'from which first opens into a second reflection chamber 9 and then passed through the second muffler 5 and opens into the first exhaust pipe 2 downstream of the first obturator 6.
- Flow directions of the exhaust gases which are represented by arrows are the Fig. 2 to 4 removable.
- the first damping tube 2 'and the second damping tube 3' in the volume of the first muffler 4 and in the region of the second muffler 5 on a perforation, for emitting sound emissions in the muffler 4, 5 for frequency-selective Attenuation of the sound pressure level.
- the damping effect is in the Fig. 2 to 4 symbolically represented by dashed lines in the area of the perforation.
- the first and the second obturator 6, 8 is an exhaust valve, in other embodiments, it may for example be rollers.
- a reflection chamber 10, 11 omitted.
- the first exhaust pipe 2 is connected via a perforation 12 exhaust gas leading to the third reflection chamber 10 and / or the second exhaust pipe 3 via a perforation 12 exhaust gas leading to the fourth reflection chamber 11.
- the first and the third reflection chamber 7, 10 and / or the second and the fourth reflection chamber 9, 11 may be connected to each other exhaust-conducting, for example by a further perforation.
- the first and the second muffler 4, 5 are arranged in a common housing 13, whereby manufacturing costs are saved.
- the first and the second reflection chamber 7, 9 are arranged in the housing 13. The greatest cost saving is achieved if even the third and the fourth reflection chamber 10, 11 are arranged in the housing 13.
- first and second reflection chambers 7, 9 can also be designed as resonator chambers.
- the third and the fourth reflection chamber 10, 11 may be designed as absorption chambers.
- the particular embodiment of a reflection chamber, a resonator chamber, or absorption chamber will not be described in detail, since this is sufficiently defined in standard textbooks.
- the Y-branch pipes transition region from the exhaust pipe to the damping pipe
- the muffler 4, 5, the reflection chambers 7, 9, 10, 11 accommodate cost in a single common housing 13.
- Fig. 2 shows the exhaust system 1 according to the invention with a setting for a first operating method, wherein the first and the second obturator 6, 8 are closed.
- a maximum sound attenuation for the exhaust system 1 is achieved.
- Fig. 3 shows the exhaust system 1 according to the invention with a setting for a second operating method, wherein the first and the second obturator 6, 8 are open.
- Fig. 4 shows the exhaust system 1 according to the invention with a setting for a third operating method, wherein the first obturator 6 is closed and the second obturator 8 is opened. By this setting, an average sound attenuation for the exhaust system 1 is achieved.
- the exhaust system 1 according to the invention has a construction which is very advantageous with regard to the exhaust backpressure.
- one or both shut-off elements 6, 8 can also be closed at the same time without a substantial increase in the exhaust backpressure.
- As exhaust valves a minimum or hardly measurable throttling (increase in the exhaust backpressure), since the entire exhaust - from the damping tube volume until the end of the exhaust system 1 - is used.
- the shut-off devices 6, 8 can also be switched over in time to improve a subjective hearing impression during the switching phase. By staggered switching of the two shut-off valves 6, 8 can be reduced to conspicuous acoustic level jumps in an advantageous manner.
- the very low exhaust backpressure of the exhaust system 1 due to the embodiment according to the invention has a very positive effect.
- the volumes of the first muffler 4 and the second muffler 5 can also be subsequently changed.
- one or more possibly necessary resonator chambers 10, 11, which are also designed as reflection chambers, can be integrated in the exhaust system 1 in a simple manner without great expense, while maintaining the symmetry.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Abgasanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit den Merkmalen aus dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben der Abgasanlage gemäß den Merkmalen aus den Patentansprüchen 6 bis 8. Aus der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift
Nachteilig an diesem bekannten Stand der Technik ist die Tatsache, dass der Dämpfungsresonator des Schalldämpfers klanglich nicht variabel einstellbar ist.A disadvantage of this known prior art is the fact that the damping resonator of the muffler is not variably adjustable in terms of sound.
Weiter sind aus dem Stand der Technik allgemein Schalldämpfer für Abgasanlagen bekannt, die nach dem Absorptions- und/oder Reflexionsprinzip arbeiten. Die Entwicklung eines solchen Schalldämpfers bedeutet in der Regel das Auffinden des bestmöglichen Kompromisses zwischen Mündungsgeräusch (Lautstärke nach dem Abgasanlagenendrohr), Abgasgegendruck und benötigtem Schalldämpfervolumen. Zur Umgehung einer solchen Kompromisslösung werden häufig Schalldämpfer mit einem oder mehreren beweglichen Verschlusselementen oder Absperrorganen, wie beispielsweise einer Abgasklappe, ausgeführt, um unterschiedliche Strömungswege in der Abgasrohrleitung der Schalldämpferanlage zu ermöglichen. Bei Schalldämpferanlagen für Brennkraftmaschinen sind oftmals zwei, drei oder auch vier Abgasanlagen-Endrohre vorgesehen. Bei den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Schalldämpferausführungen führt die Anordnung der Verschlusselemente in nachteiliger Weise dazu, dass je nach Stellung des Verschlusselementes nicht mehr alle Abgasanlagen-Endrohre oder auch Endrohrverzweigungselemente mit Abgas durchströmt werden.Further mufflers for exhaust systems are generally known from the prior art, which operate on the absorption and / or reflection principle. The development of such a muffler usually means finding the best possible compromise between muzzle noise (volume after exhaust tailpipe), exhaust back pressure and required muffler volume. To circumvent such a compromise solution are often silencer with one or more movable closure elements or shut-off devices, such as an exhaust flap, executed to allow different flow paths in the exhaust pipe of the silencer system. In silencer systems for internal combustion engines, two, three or even four exhaust system tailpipes are often provided. In the silencer embodiments known from the prior art, the arrangement of the closure elements leads disadvantageously to the fact that, depending on the position of the closure element, exhaust gas tailpipes or tailpipe branching elements are no longer flowed through with exhaust gas.
Dieser Stand der Technik hat jedoch folgende Nachteile:
- → Irritation beim Kunden, da nicht aus allen Abgasanlagen-Endrohren Abgas austritt (sichtbar bei niedriger Außentemperatur durch Wasserdampf und am unterschiedlichen Verschmutzungsgrad der sichtbaren Endrohre);
- → Hoher Abgasgegendruck durch einen Engpass im Abgasanlagen-Endrohr;
- → Hörbares Strömungsrauschen durch den Engpass im Abgasanlagen-Endrohr;
- → Wärmespannung zwischen kaltem und heißem Abgasanlagen-Endrohr birgt die Gefahr der Rißbildung;
- → Aufwendige Führung der Dämpfungsrohre bei der Schalldämpferanlage;
- → Hohes Gewicht der Schalldämpferanlage;
- → Hohe Herstellkosten der Schalldämpferanlage;
- → Klappen sind üblicherweise nur bedingt getrennt bzw. zeitlich versetzt zu schalten, dies führt zu einem deutlichen Abgasgegendruckanstieg in einem Abgasstrang.
- → irritation at the customer, since exhaust gas does not escape from all exhaust system tailpipes (visible at low outside temperature due to water vapor and at the different degree of contamination of the visible tailpipes);
- → High exhaust back pressure due to a bottleneck in the exhaust system tailpipe;
- → Audible flow noise through the bottleneck in the exhaust system tailpipe;
- → thermal stress between cold and hot exhaust tailpipe runs the risk of cracking;
- → Elaborate guidance of the damping tubes at the silencer system;
- → high weight of the silencer system;
- → high production costs of the silencer system;
- → Flaps are usually only partially separated or shifted in time, this leads to a significant increase in exhaust gas back pressure in an exhaust system.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, die oben genannten Nachteile zu vermeiden und gleichzeitig eine Variabilität in die akustischen Dämpfungseigenschaften der Schalldämpferanlage einzubringen.Object of the present invention is to avoid the disadvantages mentioned above and at the same time introduce a variability in the acoustic damping properties of the silencer system.
Diese Aufgabe wird vorrichtungsmäßig durch die Merkmale im kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruchs 1 und verfahrensmäßig durch die Merkmale der Patentansprüche 6 bis 8 gelöst.This object is achieved by the device in the characterizing part of patent claim 1 and procedurally by the features of
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung der Abgasanlage werden sämtliche oben genannten Probleme vermieden. Die Abgasanlage hat einen bezüglich des Abgasgegendrucks vorteilhaften Aufbau. Durch den erfindungsgemäßen Aufbau können ein oder beide Absperrorgane, auch gleichzeitig verschlossen werden ohne eine wesentliche Steigerung des Abgasgegendrucks. Gegenüber herkömmlichen Abgasanlagen besteht bei geöffneten Absperrorganen, wie z. B. Abgasklappen, eine minimale bzw. kaum messbare Drosselung (Anhebung des Abgasgegendrucks), da das gesamte Abgasrohr- und Dämpfungsrohrvolumen bis zum Ende der Abgasanlage genutzt wird. Durch einen etwas geänderten Aufbau können die Absperrorgane auch zeitlich versetzt geschaltet werden, um einen subjektive Gehöreindruck während der Schaltphasen zu verbessern. Durch das versetzte Umschalten der beiden Absperrorgane können zu auffällige, akustische Pegelsprünge in vorteilhafter Weise reduziert werden.The inventive design of the exhaust system, all the above problems are avoided. The exhaust system has a structure advantageous with respect to the exhaust backpressure. Due to the construction according to the invention, one or both shut-off valves can also be closed at the same time without a substantial increase in the exhaust backpressure. Compared with conventional exhaust systems exists with open shut-off devices, such. As exhaust valves, a minimum or hardly measurable throttling (increase in the exhaust backpressure), since the entire Abgasrohr- and damping tube volume is used to the end of the exhaust system. By a slightly different structure, the shut-off valves can also be shifted in time to improve a subjective hearing impression during the switching phases. The staggered switching of the two shut-off devices can be reduced to conspicuous, acoustic level jumps in an advantageous manner.
Bezüglich Leistung und Dynamik (Ansprechverhalten der Brennkraftmaschine) wirkt sich der aufgrund der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung sehr niedrige Abgasgegendruck der Abgasanlage sehr positiv aus. Für leichte akustische Anpassungen können die Volumina des ersten Schalldämpfers und des zweiten Schalldämpfers auch nachträglich geändert werden. Zudem können ein oder mehrere eventuell notwendige Resonatoren ohne großen Aufwand unter Beibehaltung der Symmetrie in einfacher Weise in die Abgasanlage integriert werden. Durch den symmetrischen Aufbau der Abgasanlage kann diese und darüber hinaus der Schalldämpfer selbst sehr günstig aufgebaut werden.With regard to power and dynamics (response of the internal combustion engine), the very low exhaust back pressure of the exhaust system due to the inventive design has a very positive effect. For slight acoustic adjustments, the volumes of the first silencer and the second silencer can also be subsequently changed. In addition, one or more possibly necessary resonators can be easily integrated in the exhaust system while maintaining the symmetry in a simple manner. Due to the symmetrical design of the exhaust system, these and beyond the muffler itself can be very cheap.
Viele Komponenten der erfindungsgemäßen Abgasanlage können als kostengünstige Gleichteile gefertigt bzw. verwendet werden:
- Das Schalldämpfergehäuse kann beispielsweise als kostengünstiger Wickeldämpfer oder in Schalenbauweise umgesetzt werden. Bei einer Umsetzung als Wickeldämpfer können die beiden Seitenteile als Gleichteile ausgeführt werden. In Schalenbauweise können die Ober- und die Unterschale jeweils aus Gleichteilen ausgeführt werden.
- The silencer housing can be implemented, for example, as a cost-effective coil damper or shell construction. When implemented as a winding damper, the two side parts can be designed as a common part. In shell construction, the upper and lower shell can each be made of identical parts.
Die Abgasrohre können ebenfalls als gleiche Bauteile hergestellt und verbaut werden.The exhaust pipes can also be manufactured and installed as the same components.
Die Y-Verzweigungselemente von den Abgasrohren zu den Dämpfungsrohren können beispielsweise als Innenhochdruckformteil (IHU) umgesetzt werden. Die Dämpfungsrohre mit Perforation, welche durch die Schalldämpfer geführt werden, sind ebenfalls als Gleichteile umsetzbar. Ebenso verhält es sich mit dem Dämpfungsrohr vom Y-Rohrstück bis in die Reflexionskammer.The Y-branch elements of the exhaust pipes to the damping tubes can be implemented for example as hydroforming (IHU). The damping tubes with perforation, which are guided through the silencer, are also implemented as equal parts. The same applies to the damping pipe from the Y pipe section to the reflection chamber.
Auch für die Fertigung lassen sich aufgrund der Gleichteile für die Abgasanlage Montagewerkzeuge einsparen. Je nachdem wie die Fertigung eines Herstellers oder Lieferanten aufgebaut ist, kann für die Vormontage der Y-Verzweigungselemente und der Absperrorgane für beide Seiten der Abgasanlage die identische Montagevorrichtung verwendet werden.Also for the production can be saved because of the common parts for the exhaust system assembly tools. Depending on how the manufacturing of a manufacturer or supplier is constructed, for the pre-assembly of the Y-branching elements and the shut-off devices are used for both sides of the exhaust system the identical mounting device.
Alle oben genannten Punkte führen zu einer signifikanten Reduzierung der Werkzeug- und Herstellkosten für die erfindungsgemäße Abgasanlage.All of the above points lead to a significant reduction of the tool and manufacturing costs for the exhaust system according to the invention.
Durch den großen Anteil von Gleichteilen und der Reduzierung von Einzelteilvarianten lässt sich zudem ein eventuell gewünschter Leichtbau deutlich einfacher realisieren.Due to the large proportion of identical parts and the reduction of individual part variants, it is also possible to realize a possibly desired lightweight construction much more easily.
Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Abgasanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.Preferred developments of the exhaust system according to the invention for an internal combustion engine are described in the subclaims.
Mit der Ausgestaltung gemäß Patentanspruch 2 sind in einfacher Weise mehrere Varianten darstellbar.With the embodiment according to
Die Ausgestaltung gemäß den Patentansprüchen 3 bis 5 reduziert nochmals die Herstellkosten.The embodiment according to
Mit dem Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Abgasanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine gemäß Patentanspruch 6 wird eine minimale Schalldämpfung erzielt.With the method for operating an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine according to
Mit dem Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Abgasanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine gemäß Patentanspruch 7 wird eine mittlere Schalldämpfung erzielt.With the method for operating an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine according to
Mit dem Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Abgasanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine gemäß Patentanspruch 8 wird eine maximale Schalldämpfung erzielt.With the method for operating an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine according to
Im Folgenden werden eine erfindungsgemäße Abgasanlage und drei Verfahren zum Betreiben der erfindungsgemäßen Abgasanlage in vier Figuren näher erläutert.
- Fig. 1
- zeigt schematisch eine erfindungsgemäße Abgasanlage.
- Fig. 2
- zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Abgasanlage mit zwei geschlossenen Absperrorganen.
- Fig. 3
- zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Abgasanlage mit zwei geöffneten Absperrorganen.
- Fig. 4
- zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Abgasanlage mit einem geschlossenen und einem geöffneten Absperrorgan.
- Fig. 1
- schematically shows an exhaust system according to the invention.
- Fig. 2
- shows the exhaust system according to the invention with two closed shut-off valves.
- Fig. 3
- shows the exhaust system according to the invention with two open shut-off valves.
- Fig. 4
- shows the exhaust system according to the invention with a closed and an open shut-off.
Erfindungsgemäß zweigt von dem ersten Abgasrohr 2 stromauf eines ersten Absperrorgans 6 ein erstes Dämpfungsrohr 2' ab. Dieses mündet zuerst in eine erste Reflexionskammer 7 und ist anschließend durch den ersten Schalldämpfer 4 geführt und mündet wieder in das zweite Abgasrohr 3 stromab eines zweiten Absperrorgans 8. Darüber hinaus zweigt von dem zweiten Abgasrohr 3 stromauf eines zweiten Absperrorgans 8 ein zweites Dämpfungsrohr 3' ab, das zuerst in eine zweite Reflexionskammer 9 mündet und anschließend durch den zweiten Schalldämpfer 5 geführt ist und in das erste Abgasrohr 2 stromab des ersten Absperrorgans 6 mündet. Strömungsrichtungen der Abgase, die durch Pfeile dargestellt sind sind den
Wie aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt ist, weisen das erste Dämpfungsrohr 2' und das zweite Dämpfungsrohr 3' im Volumen des ersten Schalldämpfers 4 und im Bereich des zweiten Schalldämpfers 5 eine Perforation auf, zur Abgabe von Schallemissionen in die Schalldämpfer 4, 5 zur frequenzselektiven Dämpfung des Schalldruckpegels. Die Dämpfungswirkung ist in den
Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel handelt es sich bei dem ersten und dem zweiten Absperrorgan 6, 8 um eine Abgasklappe, in anderen Ausführungsbeispielen können es beispielsweise auch Walzen sein.In the present embodiment, the first and the
Weiter ist dem ersten Abgasrohr 2 stromab des ersten Absperrorgans 6 eine dritte Reflexionskammer 10 und dem zweiten Abgasrohr 3 stromab des zweiten Absperrorgans 8 eine vierte Reflexionskammer 11 zugeordnet. In einem anderen Ausführungsbeispiel kann auch eine Reflexionskammer 10, 11 entfallen.Next to the
Bevorzugt ist das erste Abgasrohr 2 über eine Perforation 12 abgasführend mit der dritten Reflexionskammer 10 und/oder das zweite Abgasrohr 3 über eine Perforation 12 abgasführend mit der vierten Reflexionskammer 11 verbunden. In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel können auch die erste und die dritte Reflexionskammer 7, 10 und/oder die zweite und die vierte Reflexionskammer 9, 11 abgasführend miteinander verbunden sein, beispielsweise durch eine weitere Perforation. Durch diese Maßnahme ist eine weitere akustische Optimierung möglich.Preferably, the
Besonders bevorzugt sind der erste und der zweite Schalldämpfer 4, 5 in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse 13 angeordnet, wodurch Fertigungskosten eingespart werden.Particularly preferably, the first and the
In einem wiederum weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel sind auch die erste und die zweite Reflexionskammer 7, 9 in dem Gehäuse 13 angeordnet. Die größte Kosteneinsparung wird erzielt, wenn auch noch die dritte und die vierte Reflexionskammer 10, 11 in dem Gehäuse 13 angeordnet sind.In yet another particularly preferred embodiment, the first and the
In wiederum einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel können die erste und die zweite Reflexionskammer 7, 9 auch als Resonatorkammern ausgeführt sein.In yet another embodiment, the first and
Wiederum in einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel können auch die dritte und die vierte Reflexionskammer 10, 11 als Absorptionskammern ausgeführt sein. Die jeweilige Ausgestaltung einer Reflexionskammer, einer Resonatorkammer, oder Absorptionskammer wird im Weiteren nicht näher beschrieben, da dies in üblichen Lehrbüchern hinreichend definiert ist.Again, in another embodiment, the third and the
Aufgrund der symmetrischen Bauweise der gesamten Abgasanlage 1 lassen sich insbesondere die Herstellkosten reduzieren, da das Gleichteileprinzip in weiten Umfängen angewandt werden kann. So können beispielsweise die Y-Verzweigungsrohre (Übergangsbereich vom Abgasrohr zum Dämpfungsrohr), die Dämpfungsrohre 2', 3', die Absperrelemente 6, 8, die Endrohrverzweigungen, die Reflexionskammern 7, 9, 10, 11, die Schalldämpfer 4, 5 und die Abgasrohre 2, 3 als Gleichteile ausgelegt werden. In besonders vorteilhafter Weise lassen sich die Schalldämpfer 4, 5, die Reflexionskammern 7, 9, 10, 11 in einem einzigen gemeinsamen Gehäuse 13 kostengünstig unterbringen.Due to the symmetrical design of the entire exhaust system 1, in particular the manufacturing costs can be reduced, since the common parts principle can be applied in wide proportions. For example, the Y-branch pipes (transition region from the exhaust pipe to the damping pipe), the damping pipes 2 ', 3', the shut-off
Auch für die Fertigung lassen sich aufgrund der Gleichteile für die Abgasanlage 1 Montagewerkzeuge einsparen. Dies führt ebenso zu einer deutlichen Reduzierung von Werkzeugkosten.Also for the production can be 1 assembly tools save due to the common parts for the exhaust system. This also leads to a significant reduction in tooling costs.
In den
Die erfindungsgemäße Abgasanlage 1 hat einen bezüglich des Abgasgegendrucks sehr vorteilhaften Aufbau. Durch den erfindungsgemäßen Aufbau können ein oder beide Absperrorgane 6, 8 auch gleichzeitig verschlossen werden ohne eine wesentliche Steigung des Abgasgegendrucks. Gegenüber herkömmlichen Abgasanlagen besteht bei geöffneten Absperrorganen 6, 8, wie z. B. Abgasklappen, eine minimale bzw. kaum messbare Drosselung (Anhebung des Abgasgegendrucks), da das gesamte Abgas - vom Dämpfungsrohrvolumen bis zum Ende der Abgasanlage 1 - genutzt wird. Durch einen etwas geänderten Aufbau können die Absperrorgane 6, 8 auch zeitlich versetzt geschaltet werden, um einen subjektiven Gehöreindruck während der Schaltphase zu verbessern. Durch das versetzte Umschalten der beiden Absperrorgane 6, 8 können zu auffällige akustische Pegelsprünge in vorteilhafter Weise reduziert werden.The exhaust system 1 according to the invention has a construction which is very advantageous with regard to the exhaust backpressure. As a result of the design according to the invention, one or both shut-off
Bezüglich Leistung und Dynamik (Ansprechverhalten der Brennkraftmaschine) wirkt sich der aufgrund der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung sehr niedrige Abgasgegendruck der Abgasanlage 1 sehr positiv aus. Für leichte akustische Anpassungen können die Volumina des ersten Schalldämpfers 4 und des zweiten Schalldämpfers 5 auch nachträglich geändert werden. Zudem können eine oder mehrere eventuell notwendige Resonatorkammern 10, 11 auch als Reflexionskammern ausgeführt ohne großen Aufwand unter Beibehaltung der Symmetrie in einfacher Weise in die Abgasanlage 1 integriert werden.With regard to power and dynamics (response of the internal combustion engine), the very low exhaust backpressure of the exhaust system 1 due to the embodiment according to the invention has a very positive effect. For slight acoustic adjustments, the volumes of the
Aufgrund der Anordnung des ersten und des zweiten Stellelementes 6, 8 in dem ersten und in dem zweiten Abgasrohr 2, 3 in Strömungsrichtung des Abgases vor dem Abgasendrohr ist ein Schaltvorgang von Außenstehenden praktisch nicht zu hören.Due to the arrangement of the first and the
- 1.1.
- Abgasanlageexhaust system
- 2.Second
- erstes Abgasrohrfirst exhaust pipe
- 2'2 '
- erstes Dämpfungsrohrfirst damping tube
- 3.Third
- zweites Abgasrohrsecond exhaust pipe
- 3'3 '
- zweites Dämpfungsrohrsecond damping tube
- 4.4th
- erster Schalldämpferfirst silencer
- 5.5th
- zweiter Schalldämpfersecond silencer
- 6.6th
- erstes Absperrorganfirst obturator
- 7.7th
- erste Reflexionskammer (Resonatorkammer)first reflection chamber (resonator chamber)
- 8.8th.
- zweites Absperrorgansecond obturator
- 9.9th
- zweite Reflexionskammer (Resonatorkammer)second reflection chamber (resonator chamber)
- 10.10th
- dritte Reflexionskammer (Absorbtionskammer)third reflection chamber (absorption chamber)
- 11.11th
- vierte Reflexionskammer (Absorbtionskammer)fourth reflection chamber (absorption chamber)
- 12.12th
- Perforationperforation
- 13.13th
- Gehäusecasing
Claims (8)
- An exhaust system (1) for an internal combustion engine, comprising at least a first and a second cylinder, wherein associated with the first cylinder is a first exhaust pipe (2) and associated with the second cylinder is a second exhaust pipe (3) and wherein associated with the first exhaust pipe (2) is a first silencer (4) and associated with the second exhaust pipe (3) is a second silencer (5), wherein branching off from the first exhaust pipe (2) upstream of a first shut-off element (6) is a first damping pipe (2') which initially leads into a first chamber and is then guided through the first silencer (4) and leads into the second exhaust pipe (3) downstream of a second shut-off element (8), and branching off from the second exhaust pipe (3) upstream of a second shut-off element (8) is a second damping pipe (3') which initially leads into a second chamber and is then guided through the second silencer (5) and leads into the first exhaust pipe (2) downstream of the first shut-off element (6), and wherein associated with the first exhaust pipe (2) downstream of the first shut-off element (6) is a third reflection chamber (10) and/or associated with the second exhaust pipe (3) downstream of the second shut-off element (8) is a fourth reflection chamber (11),
characterised in that the first and second chambers are reflection chambers (7, 9), the first and the third reflection chambers (7, 10) and/or the second and the fourth reflection chambers (9, 11) being interconnected in an exhaust-gas conveying manner. - An exhaust system according to claim 1,
characterised in that the first exhaust pipe (2) is connected to the third reflection chamber (10) by perforations (12) in an exhaust-gas conveying manner, and/or the second exhaust pipe (3) is connected to the fourth reflection chamber (11) by perforations (12) in an exhaust-gas conveying manner. - An exhaust system according to either of claims 1 or 2,
characterised in that the first and the second silencers (4, 5) are arranged in a common housing (13). - An exhaust system according to claim 3,
characterised in that the first and the second reflection chambers (7, 9) are arranged in the housing (13). - An exhaust system according to either of claims 3 or 4,
characterised in that the third and the fourth reflection chambers (10, 11) are arranged in the housing (13). - A method for operating an exhaust system according to any of claims 1 to 5,
characterised by the following method step:- opening the first and the second shut-off elements (6, 8) for minimum silencing. - A method for operating an exhaust system according to any of claims 1 to 5,
characterised by the following method step:- opening the first shut-off element (6) and closing the second shut-off element (8) for medium silencing. - A method for operating an exhaust system according to any of claims 1 to 5,
characterised by the following method step:- closing the first and the second shut-off elements (6, 8) for maximum silencing.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102013208946.5A DE102013208946A1 (en) | 2013-05-15 | 2013-05-15 | Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine and method for operating the exhaust system |
PCT/EP2014/058543 WO2014183978A1 (en) | 2013-05-15 | 2014-04-28 | Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine and method for operating the exhaust system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2997240A1 EP2997240A1 (en) | 2016-03-23 |
EP2997240B1 true EP2997240B1 (en) | 2017-06-07 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP14719766.9A Active EP2997240B1 (en) | 2013-05-15 | 2014-04-28 | Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine and method for operating the exhaust system |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US9605580B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2997240B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN105121796B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102013208946A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014183978A1 (en) |
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DE102013210464A1 (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2014-12-11 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine and method for operating the exhaust system |
DE102014118633A1 (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-06-16 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Exhaust system of a motor vehicle and motor vehicle |
DE102015211460A1 (en) * | 2015-06-22 | 2016-12-22 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | exhaust system |
PT3118429T (en) | 2015-07-16 | 2019-01-16 | Akrapovic D D | An exhaust system for an internal combustion automotive engine |
CN105626220A (en) * | 2016-01-30 | 2016-06-01 | 太仓丹妮尔模塑汽配有限公司 | Automobile vent pipe with super-strong sound-muffling function |
DE102016106340A1 (en) | 2016-04-07 | 2017-10-12 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Exhaust system for a motor vehicle and motor vehicle |
JP6816610B2 (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2021-01-20 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Power generation equipment |
DE102017206642A1 (en) | 2017-04-20 | 2018-10-25 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Exhaust flap for an exhaust system of a motor vehicle, control unit for such an exhaust flap, and method for operating such an exhaust flap |
US10837333B2 (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2020-11-17 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Exhaust system having tunable exhaust sound |
US10584626B2 (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2020-03-10 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Muffler assembly including a center muffler and two satellite mufflers |
US10596898B2 (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2020-03-24 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Muffler assembly including a center muffler and two satellite mufflers |
CN108506072A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-09-07 | 上海天纳克排气系统有限公司 | Double docking bridge formula silencers |
US10767543B2 (en) | 2018-07-20 | 2020-09-08 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Reduced length exhaust system with valve |
US11746688B1 (en) | 2018-10-27 | 2023-09-05 | David Akiba Borla | Cross-pipe exhaust assembly |
US11326501B2 (en) * | 2018-10-27 | 2022-05-10 | David Akiba Borla | Cross-pipe exhaust system |
US11649750B2 (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2023-05-16 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Methods and systems for an exhaust muffler system |
US11661882B1 (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2023-05-30 | Normand A. St. Pierre | Modified exhaust system with oxygen sensor |
US11713700B2 (en) | 2020-07-24 | 2023-08-01 | Mike's Pipes, Inc. | Method and apparatus for converting a vehicle from a dual-in, single-out exhaust system to a dual-in, dual-out exhaust system |
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US5144799A (en) * | 1991-07-18 | 1992-09-08 | Barth Randolph S | Crossfire calibrated exhaust system |
JP2006029224A (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2006-02-02 | Toyota Motor Corp | Exhaust device of engine with supercharger |
EP2049777B1 (en) * | 2006-08-07 | 2013-04-10 | Zhanzhao Feng | Muffler assembly |
DE102008062014A1 (en) * | 2008-12-12 | 2010-06-17 | Friedrich Boysen Gmbh & Co. Kg | silencer |
DE102009032213B4 (en) | 2009-07-06 | 2024-05-16 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Exhaust system of an internal combustion engine |
DE102009032214B4 (en) * | 2009-07-06 | 2023-10-19 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Exhaust system of an internal combustion engine |
DE102009032215A1 (en) * | 2009-07-06 | 2011-01-27 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Exhaust system of an internal combustion engine |
EP2534343B1 (en) * | 2010-02-11 | 2017-03-15 | Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, USA, LLC | Plastic muffler with helmholtz chamber |
DE102010008215A1 (en) | 2010-02-17 | 2010-09-16 | Daimler Ag | Holding device for holding camera at disk of vehicle, has camera housing rotatably mounted at carrier plate, and inclination adjusting device provided for adjusting inclination of camera housing with respect to carrier plate |
DE102010008277B4 (en) * | 2010-02-17 | 2023-10-12 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Exhaust system of an internal combustion engine |
DE102011051690B4 (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2023-06-29 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Control device of a motor vehicle with a noise transmission system and an exhaust system |
-
2013
- 2013-05-15 DE DE102013208946.5A patent/DE102013208946A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2014
- 2014-04-28 CN CN201480022080.9A patent/CN105121796B/en active Active
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- 2014-04-28 EP EP14719766.9A patent/EP2997240B1/en active Active
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WO2014183978A1 (en) | 2014-11-20 |
US9605580B2 (en) | 2017-03-28 |
CN105121796A (en) | 2015-12-02 |
US20160053658A1 (en) | 2016-02-25 |
CN105121796B (en) | 2018-05-15 |
EP2997240A1 (en) | 2016-03-23 |
US20170198617A1 (en) | 2017-07-13 |
US9945276B2 (en) | 2018-04-17 |
DE102013208946A1 (en) | 2014-11-20 |
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