EP2993441B2 - Container for storing an explosive substance - Google Patents

Description

An explosive is usually kept in a very stable container. This container usually comprises the actual container, which is dimensioned in accordance with the amount of the explosive to be accommodated, and a closing component which can be detachably attached to the container and by means of which the container is firmly closed. The explosive is contained in the container. Any container in which an explosive is stored, that is to say both packaging and transport containers and also ammunition, that is to say bullets, which naturally contain an explosive, is to be understood as a container in the sense of the invention.

In order to avoid an unwanted detonation of the container due to a thermally induced conversion of the explosive in the event of a fire, it is known to provide the container with a ventilation or pressure reduction device via which the pressure built up inside the container due to the reaction or conversion of the explosive is exceeded a ventilation opening can be removed. Furthermore, from the US 2003/205161 A1 , which forms the basis for the preamble of claim 1, and from the US 5,035,181 A. Fuses for containers for storing explosives are known. In the area of ammunition, one speaks of insensitive ammunition which, with high functional reliability, reduces the likelihood of an unwanted initiation of the explosive by external influences such as fire, shelling, etc. If the ammunition is exposed to high temperatures in the event of a fire, the explosives begin to outgas and burn due to the increased temperature inside the projectile. Such a projectile usually consists of a projectile body forming the container and an igniter containing an ignition device and forming the closing component, which are firmly screwed together. To avoid a thermally induced detonation, it is known to provide one or more vent holes in the area of the projectile body or a mechanical coupling piece between the projectile body and the detonator, which are closed by means of plastic plugs. Due to the pressure that builds up, the plastic plugs are blown out so that ventilation can take place. Alternatively, in the case of projectiles without such a coupling piece, the detonator can be completely separated from the projectile body under internal pressure before a detonation occurs. However, the desired level of insensitivity can often not be ensured via these mechanisms.

Starting from the prior art described above, the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a container for storing an explosive, in which the assembly is simplified and at the same time the fixing of the components of the container to one another is reliably ensured.

This object is achieved by the container for storing an explosive according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

According to the invention, the container and the closing component are coupled via a specifically designed connecting component which has a fuse. The connecting component comprises two components which are firmly connected to one another by means of a fusible connecting material, so that the connecting component forms a firm, stable unit at the usual ambient temperature. According to the invention, the melting temperature of the connecting substance is in the range between 80 ° C. to 170 ° C., preferably between 100 ° C. to 150 ° C. The melting temperature range from 80 ° C to 170 ° C, in particular from 100 ° C to 150 ° C, is selected taking into account high ambient temperatures on the one hand and the usual reaction and reaction temperatures of explosives used on the other. In use, the ambient temperature or the temperature to which a projectile is exposed is usually well below the lower melting temperature of 80 ° C. or preferably 100 ° C. Depending on the type used, the reaction or reaction temperature of the explosives is above 170 ° C., ie the upper melting temperature limit, which, as described, is preferably 150 ° C. If there is a fire in the case of a fire or in the container, for example the floor, and the temperature rises above the melting temperature of the connecting material, i.e. the fuse, the connecting material melts and the previously firm connection of the connecting component halves is no longer ensured. Due to the pressure, the container inevitably opens by the connection component falling apart. A complete breakdown is not required at all, rather it is sufficient if the component halves only move somewhat relative to one another due to the pressure, so that there is a small opening through which pressure equalization is possible. A detonation under bursting of the container and splintering with the risk of possible collateral damage is no longer possible.

The connecting material is preferably a solder, that is to say a metal alloy, with which the two metal component halves are soldered. A usable solder with a melting point that lies in the specified melting temperature interval from 80 ° C to 170 ° C, preferably from 100 ° C to 150 ° C, is for example Sn42Bi58. The melting point of this SnBi alloy solder is approx. 138 ° C, i.e. at a temperature that is neither reached by the usual ambient temperature nor close to the reaction temperature of an explosive. Instead of a solder, a meltable adhesive would also be conceivable.

According to the invention, the container and the closing component itself are rotationally symmetrical parts, the connecting component in this case being designed as a connecting ring. Training the appropriate Elements as rotationally symmetrical parts make their manufacture and assembly particularly easy.

Such a rotationally symmetrical container is particularly preferably designed as a projectile, comprising a projectile body forming the container and an igniter containing an ignition device and forming the closing component, which are connected to one another via the connecting ring. The projectile can be of any type, i. that is, it may contain a head detonator or a ground igniter, etc.

According to the invention, the connecting ring consists of two ring halves which form the component halves and which engage axially with one another and are connected to one another via the connecting material. This means that one half of the ring radially overlaps the other half of the ring on the outside. The respective diameters are of course matched to one another, so that there is extensive overlap-free overlap. According to the invention, a stop edge is provided on the inner circumference of one ring half and on the outer circumference of the other ring half, the stop edges abutting against one another when pushing one into the other and limiting the insertion movement. On the one hand, the assembly of the ring halves is simple, on the other hand, the two ring halves are fixed to one another at the edge stop, so that the connecting material, that is to say preferably the solder, can easily be applied for connecting the ring halves. The ring halves are preferably of equal length, so that one ring half is completely received in the other and an overall compact, double-walled connecting ring results.

To connect the ring halves or to introduce the connecting material, a groove delimiting both ring halves is provided on the front side of the connecting ring, in which the connecting material is received. A sufficiently large volume is created via this groove, which is V-shaped in cross section, into which the connecting material, that is to say preferably the solder, can be introduced. Since the groove is delimited by both ring halves, the connecting material wets both ring halves so that they are fixed. In this way, a sufficiently large wetting area is also realized, in particular since the groove is V-shaped.

For simple connection of the connecting ring to the container and the closing component, end-side threaded sections are preferably provided on the two ring halves, which are screwed into corresponding threaded sections on the container and on the closing component. A simple screw connection is therefore implemented. It does not matter whether the connecting ring is first screwed onto the container, for example the projectile body, and then the locking component, for example the igniter, is screwed into the connecting ring, or vice versa.

Fig. 1

eine Prinzipdarstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Behältnisses in Form eines Geschosses in einer Schnittansicht,

Fig. 2

eine perspektivische Schnittansicht durch das Verbindungsbauteil in Form eines Verbindungsringes, wie beim Geschoss gemäß Fig. 1 vorgesehen,

Fig. 3

eine Teilansicht der Darstellung des Verbindungsrings aus Fig. 2 von der Seite, im Schnitt, und

Fig.4

eine Prinzipdarstellung eines Geschosses nach Aufschmelzen des Verbindungsstoffes und entsprechender Bauteiltrennung.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention result from the exemplary embodiment described below and from the drawing. Show:

Fig. 1

1 shows a basic illustration of a container according to the invention in the form of a projectile in a sectional view,

Fig. 2

a perspective sectional view through the connecting component in the form of a connecting ring, as in the projectile according to Fig. 1 intended,

Fig. 3

a partial view of the connection ring Fig. 2 from the side, in section, and

Fig. 4

a schematic representation of a projectile after melting the connecting material and corresponding component separation.

Fig. 1 shows in the form of a schematic diagram a container 1 according to the invention in the form of a projectile 2, comprising a projectile body 3 designed as a hollow cylindrical, rotationally symmetrical component, in which the explosive 4 is accommodated. At the open end of the projectile body 3, an internal thread section 5 is provided, into which a connecting ring 6, which has an external thread 7, is screwed. The connecting ring 6 also has an internal thread 8 provided at the other end of the ring. An igniter 9, which usually has an ignition device (not shown in more detail) in a chamber 10, is screwed into this internal thread 8 with an external thread 11. The threaded portions 7 and 8 of the connecting ring 6 are in the 2 and 3 to see, in which the connecting ring 6 is shown in more detail. If necessary, the explosive 4 is ignited via the ignition device (not shown).

An essential element according to the invention is the connecting ring 6, which in the 2 and 3 is shown in detail. The connecting ring 6 consists of two ring halves 12 and 13 which engage in one another, the ring half 12 being the outer part and the ring half 13 the inner part. On both ring halves 12, 13 stop edges 14, 15 are provided, which are formed by corresponding steps. The insertion movement of the ring half 13 into the ring half 12 is limited via these stop edges 14, 15, so that a defined positioning of the two ring halves relative to one another is given in an excellent end position. As can be seen, the two ring halves 12, 13 are of the same length, viewed axially, so that there is virtually a double-walled connecting ring 6. The respective inner and outer diameters are matched to one another, so that there is a largely free of play or minimal play with plug connection.

Also provided is a groove 16 formed on the end of the connecting ring 6, which, see Fig. 3 , is V-shaped in cross section. The groove 16 is delimited by both ring halves 12, 13 via corresponding groove surfaces 17, 18. A fusible connecting material 19, here in the form of a solder 20, is accommodated in the groove 16, ie the groove 16 is completely filled with the solder 20. The solder is preferably an SnBi alloy, preferably Sn42Bi58. It is melted into the groove 16 so that it completely wets the groove surfaces 17, 18 of the metal ring halves 12, 13, which are also heated if necessary. After the solder 20 has hardened, the ring halves 12, 13 are firmly connected to one another.

The solder 20 has a melting point which is preferably in the range between 100 ° C. to 150 ° C. If there is a temperature in the area of the solder that lies in this temperature range, the solder liquefies and the cohesive connection of the ring halves 12, 13 is released. The melting point of the solder Sn42Bi58 is approx. 138 ° C. It is therefore within the specified temperature range and, on the one hand, is significantly higher than the maximum possible ambient temperatures to which a projectile is exposed during use. However, it is also significantly lower than the reaction or reaction temperature of the explosive 4 used.

If there is a fire to which floor 2 is exposed, it heats up. The temperature also rises in the area of the connecting ring 6 and consequently also the solder 20. When its melting temperature is reached, it melts and the firm connection of the ring halves 12, 13 is released. The detonator 9 thus lies loosely on the projectile body 3. As a result, the explosive 4 is no longer blocked. If the explosive 4 now outgasses due to the temperature, the detonator 9 can be moved somewhat out of the projectile body 3 even at a minimal internal pressure, i. That is, the inner ring half 13 moves somewhat out of the outer ring half 12, so that there is a narrow ventilation gap, through which the slight excess pressure is reduced. If the explosive is heated further, it can easily flow out of the projectile body 3 and burn, a detonation under bursting of the projectile is thus ruled out.

Fig. 4 shows the floor as an example Fig. 1 after the solder 20 has melted, the igniter 9 being moved relatively far out of the projectile body 3 here for reasons of clarity. In any case, however, it can be seen that the two ring halves 12, 13 are no longer cohesively connected to one another, but are loosened due to the melting of the solder 20, so that the detonator 9 together with the ring half 13 screwed thereon moves away from the projectile body 3 together with the ring half 12 screwed thereon has been.

By integrating the connecting component according to the invention, here in the form of the connecting ring 6, it is particularly advantageously excluded that there is an unwanted and uncontrolled detonation of the explosive 4 in the event of a fire.

Such a detonation can lead to considerable collateral damage, since this often involves bursting of the projectile body 3, on the outside of which a splinter jacket 21 is usually provided, which can lead to major collateral damage.

Reference list

1

container

2nd

bullet

3rd

Projectile body

4th

Explosive

5

Internal thread section

6

Connecting ring

7

External thread

8th

inner thread

9

Detonator

10th

chamber

11

External thread

12th

Half of the ring

13

Half of the ring

14

Stop edge

15

Stop edge

16

Groove

17th

Groove surface

18th

Groove surface

19th

Lanyard

20

Lot

21

Sliver coat

Claims (7)

1. Container for storing an explosive, comprising a receptacle (3) containing the explosive, which receptacle (3) is closed by means of a detachable closing component (9),
   wherein the receptacle (3) and the closing component (9) are connected to one another via a connection component (6) which is made up of two component halves (12, 13) connected by means of a meltable connecting material (19) with a melting temperature in the region of between 80°C and 170°C,
   wherein the receptacle (3) and the closing component (9) are rotationally symmetrical parts and the connection component is configured as a connecting ring (6), wherein
   the connecting ring (6) comprises two rotationally symmetrical ring halves (12, 13) forming the component halves, which ring halves engage in one another axially and are connected to one another via the connecting material (19),
   wherein stop angles are provided on the inner periphery of the one ring half (12) and on the outer periphery of the other ring half (13) which strike against one another when they are inserted in one another and limit the insertion movement,
   wherein a groove (16) delimited by the two ring halves (12, 13) is provided at the front on the connecting ring (6), in which groove the connecting material (19) is contained, and
   wherein the groove (16) is V-shaped in cross section.
2. Container according to Claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the melting temperature lies in the region between 100°C and 150°C.
3. Container according to Claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in that
   the connecting material (19) is a solder (20) with which the two metal component halves (12, 13) are soldered.
4. Container according to Claim 3,
   characterized in that
   the solder (20) is Sn42Bi58.
5. Container according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   it is designed as a projectile (2) comprising a projectile body (3) forming the receptacle and also a detonator (9) containing a detonating device and forming the closing component, which are connected to one another via the connecting ring (6).
6. Container according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the two ring halves (12, 13) are of equal length.
7. Container according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   threaded end portions (7, 8) are provided on the two ring halves, which threaded portions are screwed into corresponding threaded portions (5, 11) on the receptacle (3) and on the closing component (9).

Images