EP2993399B1 - Système de combustion et procédé pour faire fonctionner un système de combustion - Google Patents

Système de combustion et procédé pour faire fonctionner un système de combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2993399B1
EP2993399B1 EP14183121.4A EP14183121A EP2993399B1 EP 2993399 B1 EP2993399 B1 EP 2993399B1 EP 14183121 A EP14183121 A EP 14183121A EP 2993399 B1 EP2993399 B1 EP 2993399B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
solid particles
line
fuel
combustion system
vapour
Prior art date
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Application number
EP14183121.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2993399A1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Hilber
Friedemann Kendel
Hans-Peter Schommer
Frank Michael Kluger
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General Electric Technology GmbH
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General Electric Technology GmbH
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Publication date
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Priority to PL14183121T priority Critical patent/PL2993399T3/pl
Priority to EP14183121.4A priority patent/EP2993399B1/fr
Priority to CN201510553991.0A priority patent/CN105387479B/zh
Publication of EP2993399A1 publication Critical patent/EP2993399A1/fr
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Publication of EP2993399B1 publication Critical patent/EP2993399B1/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2201/00—Pretreatment of solid fuel
    • F23K2201/10—Pulverizing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2201/00—Pretreatment of solid fuel
    • F23K2201/30—Separating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2203/00—Feeding arrangements
    • F23K2203/10—Supply line fittings
    • F23K2203/103—Storage devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combustion system and a method for operating a combustion system.
  • the combustion system can for example be a part of a boiler of a power plant for electric energy production, other applications are anyhow possible.
  • the combustion system is used in connection with a solid fuel, preferably highly reactive solid fuels after pulverization.
  • Power plants for production of electrical energy can be fired using different fuels, such as oil, gas or solid fuels.
  • fuels such as oil, gas or solid fuels.
  • solid fuels give the advantage of low costs when compared to gas or oil.
  • the solid fuel In order to fire a solid fuel in a furnace, the solid fuel has to be pulverized and typically also dried.
  • WO84/01016 discloses a boiler having a coal fired furnace with burners supplied by a mill. A line diverts a part of the pulverized coal into a silo for storing it and using it in the same boiler at start-up, warm-up and low load stabilization.
  • DE102008004400A1 discloses a combustion system which comprises comprises a drying device for reducing water portion in lignite, a cooling unit for lowering the lignite temperature, a storage for intermediately storing the cooled lignite.
  • the lignite from the storage is supplied to a combustion device according to the requirement of a load demand of a power plant fueled by the combustion device.
  • a first partial stream is admitted to a first combustion device or a first group of the combustion devices through the bypass and a second partial stream is admitted to a second combustion device or a second group of the combustion devices through
  • Dry lignite utilization has the potential for a significant cost reduction by replacing oil and gas.
  • Dry lignite is anyhow very reactive and after pulverization and drying cannot be stored in a silo in order to use it for start-up, warm-up and low load stabilization.
  • the inventors have found a way to store pulverized dry lignite, for example to have it ready when needed according to the operating conditions of the power plant.
  • An aspect of the invention includes providing a combustion system and a method for its operation that allow storing of pulverized dry lignite, for example to have the pulverized dry lignite ready when needed according to the operating conditions of the combustion system and/or to extract and use the pulverized dry lignite outside of the combustion system.
  • FIG. 1 shows a combustion system 1 comprising a furnace 2 with one or more main burners 3.
  • the main burners 3 are fed with solid fuel (pulverized dry lignite) by a mill 4 (for example a beater wheel mill) that is supplied with hot flue gas from a resuction duct 5 and raw lignite (i.e. lignite to be pulverized) via a chute 6.
  • the mill 4 is in turn connected to a vapour separation system 7.
  • the vapour separation system 7 separates a fuel rich stream, rich in pulverized dry lignite, from a fuel lean stream containing gas and solid particles; in this case, the gas can comprise water vapour, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, non-combusted hydrocarbon, and the solid particles entrained fuel solid particles.
  • Vapour separation systems are well known in the art, for example they can take advantage from centrifugal forces to separate solid particles from gas.
  • the combustion system has a first line 8, for removing the fuel rich stream from the vapour separation system 7 and for supplying the fuel rich stream to the main burners 3; the first line 8 is thus connected to the vapour separation system 7 and to the main burners 3.
  • the combustion system further has a second line 9 for removing the fuel lean stream (comprising gas and solid particles) from the vapour separation system 7.
  • a recirculation line 10 with a valve is connected between the second line 9 and the mill 4.
  • the combustion system also has a cooler 12 fed by the second line 9 for cooling at least the solid particles and a storage silo 13 connected downstream of the cooler 12 for collecting the solid particles cooled at the cooler 12.
  • valves such as rotary valves 14 are provided upstream of the cooler 12 and/or downstream of the silo 13 and/or between the cooler 12 and the silo 13 for sealing the cooler 12 and/or silo 13 and regulating the flow of solid particles through the cooler 12 and silo 13 and regulating the amount of solid particles supplied by the silo 13.
  • the cooler 12 cools the pulverized (and very reactive) lignite in order to allow storage without or with a limited risk of self-ignition of the lignite.
  • a separator 15 such as a cyclone is provided; the separator 15 is provided between the second line 9 and the cooler 12, for separating the gas from the solid particles of the fuel lean stream.
  • the separator 15 comprises an outlet 15a for the solid particles; the outlet 15a is connected to the cooler 12 usually via a rotary valve 14.
  • the furnace 2 also comprises one or more vapour burners 17 and the combustion system comprises a third line 18 between the separator 15 and the vapour burner 17 to remove gas from the separator 15 and supply it to the vapour burners 17.
  • the third line 18 has a fan 19 and a control valve 20 for promoting and regulating the flow through the line 18.
  • the storage silo 13 can have (but this is not mandatory) an outlet 13a connected typically via a rotary valve 14 to an extraction line 21, for removal and external utilization of the solid particles.
  • outlet 13a of the storage silo 13 is connected to one or more dry lignite burners 22 of the furnace 2.
  • a shoe valve 23 can be provided between the outlet 13a of the storage silo 13 and the dry lignite burners 22 and a fan 23a can be provided for supplying carrier gas (for example cold air) to transport the solid particles.
  • carrier gas for example cold air
  • the combustion system further comprises a fourth line 24 between the vapour separation system 7 and the vapour burners 17, for supplying the fuel lean stream to the vapour burners 17.
  • the fourth line 24 is preferably connected to the second line 9 and has a valve 25. Additionally, the fourth line 24 can also be connected to the third line 18 (i.e. the fourth line 24 can be a bypass of the separator 15).
  • Raw lignite is supplied via the chute 6 together with hot flue gas into the mill 4.
  • the lignite is dried and pulverized and supplied to the vapour separation system 7, from which the fuel rich stream (rich in pulverized lignite) is supplied to the main burners 3, and the fuel lean stream is conveyed via the second line 9 into the separator 15 from which gas is supplied to the vapour burners 17 for combustion (usually without flame) in the furnace 2.
  • the solid particles are supplied from the separator 15 to the cooler 12, where the solid particles are cooled, such that no self-ignition occurs when the pulverized dry lignite is stored.
  • the cooled pulverized dry lignite is thus supplied into the silo 13 and stored therein.
  • the pulverized dry lignite can be extracted from the silo 13 for external use via the line 21 or can be used in the furnace 2; in this respect the lignite can be forwarded through the shoe valve 23 to the dry lignite burner 22 for combustion in the furnace 2.
  • the combustion system can be operated in order to:
  • the operation of the combustion system according to the embodiment of the invention is thus particularly flexible without impairing safety.
  • the present invention also refers to a method for operating a combustion system according to claim 7.
  • the combustion system according to the invention allows a reliable production and storage of dry lignite, a flexible utilization of the dry lignite during operation, the replacement of expensive fossil fuel (oil and/or gas) by dry lignite also at start up (because dry lignite is stored).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Système de combustion (1) comprenant
    un four (2) avec au moins un brûleur principal (3),
    un broyeur (4) pour broyer un carburant solide,
    un système de séparation de vapeur (7) raccordé au broyeur (4),
    une première ligne (8) pour le retrait d'un courant riche en carburant du système de séparation de vapeur (7) et la fourniture du courant riche en carburant à l'au moins un brûleur principal (3),
    une deuxième ligne (9) pour le retrait d'un courant pauvre en carburant du système de séparation de vapeur (7), le courant pauvre en carburant comprenant du gaz et des particules solides,
    un refroidisseur (12) alimenté par la deuxième ligne (9) pour le refroidissement d'au moins les particules solides,
    un silo de stockage (13) raccordé en aval du refroidisseur (12) pour la collecte d'au moins les particules solides refroidies sur le refroidisseur (12),
    un séparateur (15) entre la deuxième ligne (9) et le refroidisseur (12), pour la séparation du gaz des particules solides, le séparateur (15) comprenant une sortie (15a) pour les particules solides raccordées au refroidisseur (12) ; et caractérisé en ce que
    le four (2) comprend un ou plusieurs brûleurs de vapeur (17) et le système de combustion comprend en outre :
    une troisième ligne (18) entre le séparateur (15) et les un ou plusieurs brûleurs de vapeur (17) pour retirer du gaz du séparateur (15) et le fournir aux un ou plusieurs brûleurs de vapeur (17) ; et
    une quatrième ligne (24) entre le système de séparateur de vapeur (7) et les un ou plusieurs brûleurs de vapeur (17) pour l'alimentation en courant pauvre en carburant des un ou plusieurs brûleurs de vapeur (17).
  2. Système de combustion (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un ventilateur (19) sur la troisième ligne (18).
  3. Système de combustion (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le silo de stockage (13) comprend une sortie (13a) raccordée à une ligne d'extraction (21) pour le retrait et l'utilisation externe des particules solides.
  4. Système de combustion (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le four (2) comprend en outre un ou plusieurs brûleurs de lignite sèche (22), dans lequel le silo de stockage (13) comprend une sortie (13a) raccordée aux brûleurs de lignite sèche (22).
  5. Système de combustion (1) selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une valve à patin (23) entre la sortie (13a) du silo de stockage (13) et les brûleurs de lignite sèche (22).
  6. Système de combustion (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la quatrième ligne (24) est raccordée à la deuxième ligne (9).
  7. Procédé de fonctionnement d'un système de combustion (1) présentant un four (2) avec au moins un brûleur principal (3) pour la combustion d'un carburant solide et un ou plusieurs brûleurs de vapeur (17), le procédé comprenant
    la fourniture d'un mélange de gaz et de carburant pulvérisé,
    la séparation du mélange en un courant riche en carburant et un courant pauvre en carburant, le courant pauvre en carburant comprenant du gaz et des particules solides,
    la combustion du courant riche en carburant dans le four (2),
    la combustion partielle du courant pauvre en carburant dans le four ;
    la séparation de gaz des particules solides du courant pauvre en carburant ;
    le refroidissement d'au moins les particules solides du courant pauvre en carburant,
    le stockage d'au moins les particules solides du courant pauvre en carburant, caractérisé par
    l'alimentation en courant pauvre en carburant des un ou plusieurs brûleurs de vapeur(17) ;
    l'alimentation en gaz séparé des particules solides du courant pauvre en carburant des un ou plusieurs brûleurs de vapeur (17).
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par l'extraction des particules solides pour l'utilisation externe.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par la combustion des particules solides dans le four.
EP14183121.4A 2014-09-02 2014-09-02 Système de combustion et procédé pour faire fonctionner un système de combustion Active EP2993399B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL14183121T PL2993399T3 (pl) 2014-09-02 2014-09-02 Instalacja spalająca i sposób działania instalacji spalającej
EP14183121.4A EP2993399B1 (fr) 2014-09-02 2014-09-02 Système de combustion et procédé pour faire fonctionner un système de combustion
CN201510553991.0A CN105387479B (zh) 2014-09-02 2015-09-02 燃烧系统和用于操作燃烧系统的方法

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14183121.4A EP2993399B1 (fr) 2014-09-02 2014-09-02 Système de combustion et procédé pour faire fonctionner un système de combustion

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EP2993399A1 EP2993399A1 (fr) 2016-03-09
EP2993399B1 true EP2993399B1 (fr) 2019-11-27

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10655851B2 (en) 2016-12-02 2020-05-19 General Electric Technology Gmbh System and method for preheating a beater mill

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19524711A1 (de) * 1995-07-11 1997-01-16 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verbrennung von Braunkohle

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE947922C (de) * 1949-07-09 1956-08-23 Grosskraftwerk Mannheim Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kohlenstaubfeuerung mit Mahltrocknung und Kreislauf der Traegergase
WO1984001016A1 (fr) 1982-09-02 1984-03-15 Combustion Eng Alimentation en charbon broye d'un four chauffe au charbon
JPS60223914A (ja) * 1984-04-23 1985-11-08 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd 微粉炭製造装置の微粉炭・空気比調節装置
DE19742610A1 (de) * 1997-09-26 1999-04-01 Karl Prof Dr Ing Straus Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung des Wassergehaltes von wasserhaltigen, fossilen Brennstoffen und Verbrennung in einer Feuerungsanlage
DE10100331B4 (de) * 2001-01-05 2006-08-10 Alstom Power Boiler Gmbh Mühleneinrichtung und -Verfahren sowie Feuerungseinrichtung
DE102008004400C5 (de) * 2008-01-14 2017-01-26 Babcock Borsig Steinmüller Gmbh Verfahren zur Dosierung von Kohlenstaub in eine Feuerungseinrichtung
JP5461100B2 (ja) * 2009-02-27 2014-04-02 三菱重工業株式会社 低品位炭を燃料とする火力発電プラント

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19524711A1 (de) * 1995-07-11 1997-01-16 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verbrennung von Braunkohle

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Publication number Publication date
PL2993399T3 (pl) 2020-07-13
CN105387479A (zh) 2016-03-09
CN105387479B (zh) 2019-09-03
EP2993399A1 (fr) 2016-03-09

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