EP2991084A1 - Paratonnerre - Google Patents

Paratonnerre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2991084A1
EP2991084A1 EP14182268.4A EP14182268A EP2991084A1 EP 2991084 A1 EP2991084 A1 EP 2991084A1 EP 14182268 A EP14182268 A EP 14182268A EP 2991084 A1 EP2991084 A1 EP 2991084A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arc
surge arrester
end fittings
longitudinal axis
contact surface
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14182268.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2991084B1 (fr
Inventor
Gundolf Barenthin
Reinhard GÖHLER
Bernd Kruska
Erhard Pippert
Ralf Mertsching
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP14182268.4A priority Critical patent/EP2991084B1/fr
Publication of EP2991084A1 publication Critical patent/EP2991084A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2991084B1 publication Critical patent/EP2991084B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a surge arrester according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Surge arresters are protective systems, for example for power transmission networks, which in case of overvoltages caused by lightning strikes or malfunctions of other subsystems dissipate these overvoltages to ground and thus protect other components of the power transmission system.
  • Such a surge arrester comprises one or more cylindrical Ableit yarnlen of individual also cylindrical Varistorblöcken.
  • Varistors are characterized by a voltage-dependent resistor. At low voltages these act as insulators. From a certain threshold voltage, which is material-dependent, they show a good conductivity. Frequently, varistors are made from metal oxides such as zinc oxide.
  • the discharge column is connected at both ends with end fittings, which establish the electrical contact to the power line and to ground. In order to ensure good electrical contact even under mechanical stress, the delivery column must be held together under pressure. This can be done by tension members, such as ropes or rods are preferably made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, clamped in the end fittings or arranged at the ends of the Ableit yarn pressure plates under train.
  • the tension elements surround the Ableit yarn and thus form a cage around this.
  • the dissipation column is arranged in a mechanically stable tubular housing made of an insulating material, for example made of porcelain or glass fiber reinforced plastic.
  • the end fittings then serve as closures for this case at the same time.
  • gases from this case show Such surge often a pressure relief device.
  • the lines of the lower voltage level are usually installed on the lower levels of the mast, the higher voltage levels above. If now a line of the higher voltage level breaks and falls to the lower voltage level, so is the voltage of the higher voltage level on the power line of the lower than overvoltage.
  • a surge arrester connected to the power line of the lower voltage level can dissipate this overvoltage to the ground until grid monitoring devices register this error and at least switch off the broken line. This usually takes a few fractions of a second, as in the case of a lightning strike, about 200 ms.
  • the two power lines have different line frequency, because the lower power line is for example a part of the traction current network with a frequency of 16.7 Hz and the upper part of a high voltage network with a frequency of 50 Hz, the response time of the monitoring devices is significantly longer, sometimes for several seconds. If the arc extinguishes within this time, devices connected to the lower power line may be damaged or destroyed.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a surge arrester, which is inexpensive and yet has a high resistance to arcing.
  • a surge arrester with a discharge column extending along a longitudinal axis at both ends of which end fittings are arranged.
  • one arc electrode is electrically connected to each of the two end fittings, each arc electrode having a contact surface for an arc root, wherein the contact surface is radially further spaced from the longitudinal axis than an outer contour of the insulating housing.
  • the arc electrode is preferably mechanically connected directly to the end fitting, for example screwed thereto.
  • the arc root that is, the point at which an arc emerges from an electrically conductive part, thus no longer lies on the surface of the end fitting, but on the contact surface of the arc electrode.
  • this can be made more resistant to the arc by design and choice of material, on the other hand, the arc is kept away from the outer casing of the surge arrester and thus prevents damage.
  • each end fitting has a blow-off bar for directed discharge of a gas stream from the insulating housing in a blow-out direction.
  • the blow-out directions are directed towards each other and the contact surfaces are arranged in the region of the gas flow emerging from the blow-out bar, ie directly in the gas flow or at the edge of the gas flow.
  • the hot gas flowing around the arc electrode supports the ignition of the arc directly at the arc electrodes and prevents the arc from being ignited elsewhere, for example at the end fitting, and only then jumps over to the arc electrodes.
  • the arc electrodes are made of a material of higher erosion resistance than that of the end fittings.
  • the arc electrodes are made of steel and the end fittings of aluminum. The complex geometries of the end fittings can be made from the cheaper and easier to process aluminum. The arc electrodes ensure that the end fittings are protected from the arc.
  • the arc electrodes each have a flange arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
  • the arc electrodes are attached to the outside of the end fittings.
  • the flange may have a pitch pattern as provided in the prior art surge arresters for attachment to the mast.
  • each arc electrode has at least one protruding from the flange and bent in the direction of the longitudinal axis tongue, at the free end of the contact surface is arranged.
  • the tongue can point in the direction of the longitudinal axis or have an acute angle to it.
  • Such an arc electrode has a particularly simple geometry and is easy to manufacture.
  • the arc electrodes each have a circumferential ring about the longitudinal axis.
  • This ring is connected to the end fitting via fastening tabs and the contact surface is arranged on the side facing away from the Ausblasschute of the ring.
  • FIG. 1 shows a conventional surge arrester 30 of Siemens AG. Visible from the outside is provided with shields 24 tubular insulating housing 4, which is bounded at its two end faces by a respective end fitting 2, 3. The insulating housing 4 is shown cut open in the upper area to show the elements inside.
  • the insulating housing 4 may be made of porcelain or other ceramic, the umbrellas 24 are then also made of porcelain or ceramic. Alternatively, the insulating housing 4 may be formed of a glass fiber reinforced plastic pipe. The screens 24 may then be injection molded silicone screens.
  • the insulating housing 4 is closed at its two ends by a respective end fitting 2, 3. Most of the end fittings 2, 3 are attached to the pipe end of the insulating housing 4 and cemented airtight with this.
  • the end fittings 2, 3 are designed mirror-symmetrically in the rule. They each have a sealed membrane 26 in its interior, which closes the end faces of the insulating housing 4 airtight.
  • the end fittings 2, 3 are often made of steel or aluminum.
  • flanges 25 are arranged, by means of which the surge arrester 1 can be fixed, connected to a further surge arrester 1 or electrically connected to the high voltage line.
  • the flanges 25 are often rectangular plates with multiple mounting holes in a particular grid.
  • a substantially cylindrical discharge column 29 is arranged, whose cylinder axis extends along the longitudinal axis 40 of the insulating housing 4.
  • the discharge column 29 has a column of Varistorblöcken 20, may be inserted into the filler 21.
  • the column is held together by means held in holding plates 27 holding rods 22.
  • Springs 28 provide the electrical contact via the membrane 26 to the end fittings 2, 3 ago.
  • FIG. 2 shows a surge arrester 1 according to the invention, the FIG. 3 a section of it in the field of upper end fitting.
  • this additionally has two arc electrodes 9, 10.
  • the arc electrodes 9, 10 consist essentially of a respective metal strip whose ends are tapered and bent to tongues 8. With each end fitting 2, 3, an arc electrode 9, 10 is electrically connected.
  • the arc electrodes 9, 10 are mounted on an insulating housing 4 facing away from the outside of the flange 25 of the end fittings 2, 3.
  • On one of the flanges 25 is also a connection plate 31 for connection of a high voltage line, on the other a mounting plate 32 for attachment to a support foot arranged. Terminal plate 31 and mounting plate 32 are only an example and not part of the surge arrester. 1
  • one of the bent tongues 8 of the arc electrodes 9, 10 points in the discharge direction 7 of the Ausblasschuten 5, 6.
  • the tongue 8 is aligned with respect to the Ausblasschuten 5, 6, that a leaking gas stream, the tongue 8 brushes or flows along it, without swirling to become.
  • the outer edge of the tongue 8 serves as a contact surface 12 for an arc root.
  • the contact surfaces 12 are radially further spaced from the longitudinal axis 40, as an outer contour of the insulating housing 4. A between the contact surfaces 12 burning arc is kept away from the insulating housing 4.
  • the distance of the contact surfaces 12 of the two arc electrodes 9, 10 is also less than the distance of the Ausblasschuten 5, 6 from each other, so that the arc is preferably commutated to the arc electrodes 9, 10.
  • the arc electrodes 9, 10 are preferably made of a more erosive material than the end fittings 2, 3, so hold a burning arc longer stand.
  • the end fittings 2, 3 can be inexpensively made of aluminum and the arc electrodes 9, 10 of a steel such as mild steel or tool steel.
  • the second, the Ausblasschuten 5, 6 radially opposite tongue 8 of the arc electrodes 9, 10 serves to take over the arc root to to prevent it from commutating with the exhaust chutes 5, 6 or other parts of the end fittings 2, 3.
  • FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the arc electrode 11.
  • the arc electrode 11 consists of a circumferential around the longitudinal axis 40 ring 13 which is fixed by means of four fastening tabs 14 on the flange 25 of the end fitting 2.
  • the fastening tabs 14 are fastened here on a side of the flange 25 facing the insulating housing 4.
  • such an arc electrode 11 can be retrofitted to a conventional surge arrester 30 without having to remove the connection plate 31 or the mounting plate 32.
  • the arc can travel on the rotating ring 13, without jumping on the end fittings 2, 3.
  • the FIG. 5 shows a single arc electrode 9 in an alternative embodiment. It is similar in structure, as the arc electrode 9 of FIG. 2 and 3 but has only one tongue 8.
  • the arc electrode 10 has a flange 15, which is arranged in the mounted state perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 40.
  • the flange 15 is a substantially rectangular, here square plate with mounting holes 16 which are created in the same hole pattern as that of the flange 25 of the end fittings 2, 3.
  • From the flange 15 is a tongue 8, which is bent in the direction of the longitudinal axis 40 is.
  • the tongue tapers 8.
  • Flange 15 and tongue 8 form an obtuse angle.
  • the free end of the tongue 8 forms the contact surface 12.
  • a recess 17 may be arranged. This saves material or makes a nameplate attached to the exhaust bar visible.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
EP14182268.4A 2014-08-26 2014-08-26 Parafoudre Active EP2991084B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14182268.4A EP2991084B1 (fr) 2014-08-26 2014-08-26 Parafoudre

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14182268.4A EP2991084B1 (fr) 2014-08-26 2014-08-26 Parafoudre

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2991084A1 true EP2991084A1 (fr) 2016-03-02
EP2991084B1 EP2991084B1 (fr) 2022-05-11

Family

ID=51429057

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14182268.4A Active EP2991084B1 (fr) 2014-08-26 2014-08-26 Parafoudre

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2991084B1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018162274A1 (fr) * 2017-03-07 2018-09-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de protection contre les surtensions et procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de protection contre les surtensions

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3588578A (en) * 1970-05-22 1971-06-28 Mc Graw Edison Co Lightning arrester venting means
US4467387A (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-08-21 General Electric Company Combination strut insulator and lightning arrester
EP0642141A1 (fr) * 1993-09-06 1995-03-08 ABB Management AG Parafoudre
US5402100A (en) * 1993-12-06 1995-03-28 General Electric Company Overvoltage surge arrester with means for protecting its porcelain housing against rupture by arc-produced shocks

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3588578A (en) * 1970-05-22 1971-06-28 Mc Graw Edison Co Lightning arrester venting means
US4467387A (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-08-21 General Electric Company Combination strut insulator and lightning arrester
EP0642141A1 (fr) * 1993-09-06 1995-03-08 ABB Management AG Parafoudre
US5402100A (en) * 1993-12-06 1995-03-28 General Electric Company Overvoltage surge arrester with means for protecting its porcelain housing against rupture by arc-produced shocks

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018162274A1 (fr) * 2017-03-07 2018-09-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de protection contre les surtensions et procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de protection contre les surtensions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2991084B1 (fr) 2022-05-11

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