EP2986409A2 - Brazing without tools - Google Patents

Brazing without tools

Info

Publication number
EP2986409A2
EP2986409A2 EP14722278.0A EP14722278A EP2986409A2 EP 2986409 A2 EP2986409 A2 EP 2986409A2 EP 14722278 A EP14722278 A EP 14722278A EP 2986409 A2 EP2986409 A2 EP 2986409A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
assembly
intermediate element
tool
expansion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14722278.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Philippe Bienvenu
Hélène MALOT
Francisco CANEQUE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Nacelles SAS
Original Assignee
Aircelle SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aircelle SA filed Critical Aircelle SA
Publication of EP2986409A2 publication Critical patent/EP2986409A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
    • B23K3/08—Auxiliary devices therefor
    • B23K3/087—Soldering or brazing jigs, fixtures or clamping means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • B23K1/0018—Brazing of turbine parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/008—Soldering within a furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
    • F02K1/78—Other construction of jet pipes
    • F02K1/80—Couplings or connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
    • F02K1/78—Other construction of jet pipes
    • F02K1/82—Jet pipe walls, e.g. liners
    • F02K1/827—Sound absorbing structures or liners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • B23K1/0014—Brazing of honeycomb sandwich structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/001—Turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F05D2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F05D2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
    • F05D2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding
    • F05D2230/237—Brazing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/20—Three-dimensional
    • F05D2250/28—Three-dimensional patterned
    • F05D2250/283—Three-dimensional patterned honeycomb
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/50—Intrinsic material properties or characteristics
    • F05D2300/502—Thermal properties

Definitions

  • the invention lies in the field of turbojet engine nacelles and more specifically relates to a device for assembling parts to be soldered.
  • Such a device comprises a cylindrical central barrel constituting a gaseous chamber, contained in a counter-form on which is fixed by screwing a sealing device constituted by upper and lower flanges.
  • the pressure is applied to a cylindrical inner skin, causing the plating of said skin on a honeycomb structure, then the assembly consisting of the inner skin and the honeycomb on an outer skin.
  • the cylindrical inner skin / honeycomb / outer skin assembly deforms under the effect of pressure until it encounters the counter-shape whose inner surface adopts the desired final shape.
  • Such devices have drawbacks in particular in that the use of a metal brazing tool is expensive not only in itself but also in terms of maintenance, and furthermore involves an additional cost of the thermal cycle related to the inertia of the metal. tooling; one of the drawbacks of the use of a gas pressure soldering tool is that it entails an additional cost to achieve gaseous sealing, as well as technical difficulties such as the control of the pressure, time and temperature parameters in order to avoid a problem. crush the honeycomb and optimize the phenomenon of marking the honeycomb (telegraphing) on the skin).
  • the object of the invention is to provide a device free of the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • the subject of the present invention is a method of assembling an assembly comprising an inner wall, a faired outer wall and an intermediate element, each having substantially circular sections, the outer wall having a shape substantially complementary to that of the outer and inner surfaces of the intermediate element, and whose inner surface is intended to cover the outer surface of the intermediate element, the method being remarkable in that it comprises at least one step of setting up at least one solder sheet, whose melting temperature is lower than that of the other elements of the assembly, on at least one surface of the assembly intended to come into contact with another surface of the assembly, and at least one heating step by means of a furnace of an assembly comprising at least one of the outer or inner walls and the intermediate element between which is inserted at least one solder sheet so as to fix the external wall or internal solder on the intermediate element.
  • the assembly method comprises one or more of the following optional features considered alone or in any of the possible combinations:
  • the invention also relates to an assembly device for implementing a method as described above comprising a tool for the radial expansion by pressure of at least one solid element on the inner wall.
  • the expansion tool may comprise a counterform having a shape substantially complementary to that of the outer wall, being in contact and covering the outer wall.
  • Expansion tooling may include a hydroforming tool.
  • the hydroforming tool may comprise a deformable bladder.
  • Expansion tooling may include a hydraulic expansion tool.
  • the hydraulic expansion tool may include at least one solid sector.
  • the solid sector can be metallic.
  • the invention also relates to an assembly obtained by a method as described above comprising the assembly comprising the inner wall, the outer wall and the intermediate element.
  • the assembly may be such that the intermediate element is a honeycomb structure.
  • the solder sheets may have a plurality of holes.
  • the solder sheets may have a thickness such that the drilling of the different walls to be pierced is not altered or complicated.
  • such a solution eliminates the use of metal brazing tools and soldering tools by gas pressure, which are expensive tooling time and money, not only in themselves but also in their maintenance, but also, and as a corollary, to simplify the brazing process.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an assembly obtained by an assembly device according to a first and a second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an assembly device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an assembly device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the assembly consists of an acoustic nozzle comprising a sandwich structure with two faired walls, one internal 1 and the other external 2, between which is interposed a honeycomb acoustic structure 3.
  • the inner 1 and outer 2 walls are fixed on the honeycomb structure 3 each by a solder sheet (not shown) covering respectively for one the entire inner surface 4 and for the other all the outer surface 5 3, and intended to be heated to their melting temperature in a vacuum oven after assembly to lier the inner 1 and outer walls 2 to the structure in n id Bees 3.
  • the solder lamps have a lower melting temperature than the inner and outer walls 1 and 2 and the honeycomb structure 3.
  • the assembling devices make it possible to assemble the inner wall 1 in a structure comprising the outer wall 2 careened and the acoustic structure in n id of bees 3, each having substantially circular sections.
  • the careened outer wall 2 has a shape substantially complementary to that of the inner 4 and outer 5 surfaces of the honeycomb structure 3.
  • the faired outer wall 2 is in contact with and covers the outer surface 4 of the honeycomb structure 3.
  • the assembling devices comprise a counter-form 6 (not shown in FIG. 2) having a shape substantially complementary to that of the outer wall 2.
  • the counter-form is in contact with and covers the outer wall 2.
  • the assembly device comprises a tool capable of exerting pressure by contact with a second counter-form 7 of the tool on the inner wall 1 so as to this inner wall 1 comes into contact with and takes the shape of the inner surface 5 of the honeycomb structure 3.
  • the inner surface 5 of the honeycomb structure 3 is covered with a solder plate so that the assembly once assembled the solder sheet is taken between the honeycomb structure 3 and the inner wall 1.
  • the inner wall 1 is disposed around the second counter-form 7 of the assembly device.
  • the second counter-form 7 of the tool serves as an impression for the shaping of the inner wall 1.
  • This second counterform 7 makes it possible to give the inner wall 1 substantially the shape of the inner surface 5 of the honeycomb structure 3.
  • the assembly device according to the first embodiment of the present invention is a hydraulic expansion assembly device.
  • the second counterform 7 is a metalic sector 7 and is actuated by a pylon 8, or expansion core, introduced into the second counterform 7.
  • the pylon 8, or expansion core has a shape substantially in cone and is introduced in the metal sector 7 so that the section of the pylon 8 of smaller diameter is introduced first into the metal sector 7.
  • the maximum diameter to be introduced into the metal sector 7 is chosen in such a way that the second counterform 7 can form the inner wall 1 satisfactorily to achieve the assembly.
  • the assembly device according to the second embodiment of the present invention is a hydroforming assembly device.
  • the second counter-form 7 is a deformable bladder 7 and is actuated by a fluid, preferably water 8, but which can also be fluid.
  • the bladder 7 has two open necked ends which are hermetically sealed by closures 9 and 10.
  • the closure 10 comes into plane-on-plane contact with a transverse wall 1 1 having a flat surface substantially in plane-to-plane contact with the counterform 6.
  • the closure 9 comprises a feeding device (not shown) in water 8 of the bladder 7.
  • closures 9 and 10 are dimensioned in such a way that the bladder is able to shape the inner wall 1 satisfactorily to make the assembly of the inner wall 1 with the structure comprising the outer wall 2 and the honeycomb structure 3.
  • a solder sheet is placed on the outer wall 2 so as to cover substantially the entire inner surface of the outer wall
  • honeycomb structure 3 is installed inside the outer wall 2 in such a way that the fire of the armature is fully fully pressed against the outer wall 2 and the nest structure bee
  • the inner wall 1 is introduced into the defined volume by the honeycomb structure 3, then expanded to take the shape of the inner surface 4 of the honeycomb structure 3 and to press the solder sheet onto the inner surface 4.
  • the assembly can be placed in a vacuum oven (not shown) for soldering without tools, that is to say that the assembly is heated up to the melting point of the solder, the value of which is lower than that of the melting temperature of the assembly formed by the inner and outer walls 1 and the nest structure of bees 3; this operation makes it possible to assemble the inner 1 and outer 2 walls to the honeycomb structure 3.
  • the brazing sheets may have a plurality of holes so that, once brazing has been performed, the solder does not cover the entire outer surface of the inner wall 1 nor the entire internal surface of the outer wall 2; thus the acoustic performance will remain satisfactory.

Abstract

A method for assembling an assembly comprising an inner wall (1), a shrouded outer wall (2) and an intermediate element (3), each having substantially circular sections, the outer wall (2) having a shape that is substantially complementary to that of the outer (5) and inner (4) surfaces of the intermediate element (3), and of which the inner surface is intended to cover the outer surface (5) of the intermediate element (3), the method being characterised in that it comprises at least a step of arranging at least one brazing sheet, of which the melting temperature is lower than that of the other elements of the assembly, on at least one surface of the assembly intended to come into contact with another surface of the assembly, and at least one step of heating, by means of a furnace, an assembly comprising at least one of the outer (2) or inner (3) walls and the intermediate element (3) between which at least one brazing sheet is inserted so as to fix the outer (2) or inner (1) wall to the intermediate element (3) by brazing.

Description

Brasage sans outillage  Brazing without tools
L'invention se situe dans le domaine des nacelles de turboréacteur et plus précisément concerne un dispositif d'assemblage de pièces à braser. The invention lies in the field of turbojet engine nacelles and more specifically relates to a device for assembling parts to be soldered.
Il est connu de l'art antérieur un outillage de brasage par métal utilisant le principe de la dilatation thermique, non applicable au cas d'espèce en raison du coefficient de dilatation thermique élevé de l'inconel 625. It is known from the prior art a metal brazing tool using the principle of thermal expansion, not applicable to the case because of the coefficient of high thermal expansion of inconel 625.
Il est également connu de l'art antérieur un outillage de brasage utilisant une mise en pression gazeuse. Un tel dispositif comprend un fût central cylindrique constituant chambre gazeuse, contenu dans une contre- forme sur laquelle est fixé par vissage un dispositif d'étanchéité constitué par des brides supérieure et inférieure. La pression est appliquée sur une peau interne cylindrique, entraînant le plaquage de ladite peau sur une structure en nid d'abeilles, puis de l'ensemble constitué par la peau interne et par le nid d'abeilles sur une peau externe. Ensuite, l'ensemble cylindrique peau interne / structure en nid d'abeilles / peau externe se déforme sous l'effet de la pression jusqu'à rencontrer la contre-forme dont la surface interne adopte la forme finale souhaitée.  It is also known from the prior art a soldering tool using gas pressurization. Such a device comprises a cylindrical central barrel constituting a gaseous chamber, contained in a counter-form on which is fixed by screwing a sealing device constituted by upper and lower flanges. The pressure is applied to a cylindrical inner skin, causing the plating of said skin on a honeycomb structure, then the assembly consisting of the inner skin and the honeycomb on an outer skin. Then, the cylindrical inner skin / honeycomb / outer skin assembly deforms under the effect of pressure until it encounters the counter-shape whose inner surface adopts the desired final shape.
De tels dispositifs présentent des inconvénients notamment en ce que l'utilisation d'un outillage de brasage par métal coûte cher non seulement en soi mais aussi en terme de maintenance, et implique de surcroît un surcoût du cycle thermique lié à l'inertie de l'outillage ; l'utilisation d'un outillage de brasage par pression gazeuse présente notamment comme inconvénient d'impliquer un surcoût pour réaliser l'étanchéité gazeuse, a insi q ue des difficultés techniques telles que la maîtrise des paramètres de pression, temps et température pour éviter un écrasement du nid d'abeilles et optimiser le phénomène de marquage du nid d'abeilles (télégraphing) sur la peau). Le but de l'invention est de fournir un dispositif affranchi des inconvénients précités.  Such devices have drawbacks in particular in that the use of a metal brazing tool is expensive not only in itself but also in terms of maintenance, and furthermore involves an additional cost of the thermal cycle related to the inertia of the metal. tooling; one of the drawbacks of the use of a gas pressure soldering tool is that it entails an additional cost to achieve gaseous sealing, as well as technical difficulties such as the control of the pressure, time and temperature parameters in order to avoid a problem. crush the honeycomb and optimize the phenomenon of marking the honeycomb (telegraphing) on the skin). The object of the invention is to provide a device free of the aforementioned drawbacks.
A cet effet, la présente invention a pour objet u n procédé d'assemblage d'un ensemble comprenant une paroi interne, une paroi externe carénée et u n élément interméd iaire, présentant chacun des sections sensiblement circulaires, la paroi externe présentant une forme sensiblement complémentaire de celle des surfaces externe et interne de l'élément intermédiaire, et dont la surface interne est destinée à recouvrir la surface externe de l'élément intermédiaire, le procédé étant remarquable en ce qu'il comprend au moins une étape de mise en place d'au moins une feuille de brasure, dont la température de fusion est inférieure à celle des autres éléments de l'ensemble, sur au moins une surface de l'assemblage destinée à entrer en contact avec une autre surface de l'assemblage, et au moins une étape de chauffage au moyen d'un four d'un ensemble comprenant au moins l'une des parois externe ou interne et l'élément intermédiaire entre lesquelles est intercalée au moins une feuille de brasure de manière à fixer la paroi externe ou interne par brasure sur l'élément intermédiaire. To this end, the subject of the present invention is a method of assembling an assembly comprising an inner wall, a faired outer wall and an intermediate element, each having substantially circular sections, the outer wall having a shape substantially complementary to that of the outer and inner surfaces of the intermediate element, and whose inner surface is intended to cover the outer surface of the intermediate element, the method being remarkable in that it comprises at least one step of setting up at least one solder sheet, whose melting temperature is lower than that of the other elements of the assembly, on at least one surface of the assembly intended to come into contact with another surface of the assembly, and at least one heating step by means of a furnace of an assembly comprising at least one of the outer or inner walls and the intermediate element between which is inserted at least one solder sheet so as to fix the external wall or internal solder on the intermediate element.
Selon d 'autres caractéristiq ues de l ' invention , l e procédé d'assemblage comporte l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques optionnelles suivantes considérées seules ou selon toutes les combinaisons possibles : According to other features of the invention, the assembly method comprises one or more of the following optional features considered alone or in any of the possible combinations:
- une étape de mise en place d'au moins une feuille de brasure sur tout ou partie de la surface interne de la paroi externe ; - A step of placing at least one solder sheet on all or part of the inner surface of the outer wall;
- une étape de mise en place d'au moins une feuille de brasure sur to ut o u pa rt i e d e la su rface intern e de l 'élément intermédiaire ;  a step of placing at least one solder sheet on top of the internal surface of the intermediate element;
- une étape d'introduction de l'élément intermédiaire dans le volume délimité par la paroi externe de telle manière que la surface interne de la paroi externe recouvre la surface externe de l'élément intermédiaire ;  a step of introducing the intermediate element into the volume delimited by the outer wall so that the inner surface of the outer wall covers the outer surface of the intermediate element;
- une étape d'introduction d'une paroi interne dans le volume délimité par l'élément intermédiaire de telle man ière que la surface interne de l'élément intermédiaire recouvre la surface externe de la paroi interne ;  - A step of introducing an inner wall into the volume defined by the intermediate element so that the inner surface of the intermediate element covers the outer surface of the inner wall;
- une étape d'expansion radiale, au moyen d'un outillage pour l'expansion d'un dispositif d'assemblage, de la paroi interne de manière à ce que la dite paroi interne entre en contact avec et p re n n e la fo rm e d e l a s u rfa ce i n te rn e d e l ' é l é m e n t intermédiaire ; L'invention concerne également un dispositif d'assemblage pour la mise en œuvre d'un procédé tel que décrit précédemment comprenant un outillage pour l'expansion radiale par pression d'au moins un élément solide sur la paroi interne. a step of radial expansion, by means of a tool for the expansion of an assembly device, of the inner wall so that said inner wall comes into contact with and pierces the structure; edelasu rfa this in te rn edelement intermediate; The invention also relates to an assembly device for implementing a method as described above comprising a tool for the radial expansion by pressure of at least one solid element on the inner wall.
L'outillage d'expansion peut comprendre une contre-forme présentant une forme sensiblement complémentaire de cel le de la paroi externe, étant en contact et recouvrant la paroi externe.  The expansion tool may comprise a counterform having a shape substantially complementary to that of the outer wall, being in contact and covering the outer wall.
L'outillage d'expansion peut comprendre un outil d'hydroformage. L'outil d'hydroformage peut comprendre une vessie déformable. L'outillage d'expansion peut comprendre un outil d'expansion hydraulique.  Expansion tooling may include a hydroforming tool. The hydroforming tool may comprise a deformable bladder. Expansion tooling may include a hydraulic expansion tool.
L'outil d'expansion hydraulique peut comprendre au moins un secteur solide.  The hydraulic expansion tool may include at least one solid sector.
Le secteur solide peut être métallique.  The solid sector can be metallic.
L'invention concerne également un assemblage obtenu par un procédé tel que décrit précédemment comprenant l'ensemble comportant la paroi interne, la paroi externe et l'élément intermédiaire. The invention also relates to an assembly obtained by a method as described above comprising the assembly comprising the inner wall, the outer wall and the intermediate element.
L'assemblage peut être tel que l'élément intermédiaire est une structure en nid d'abeilles.  The assembly may be such that the intermediate element is a honeycomb structure.
Les feuilles de brasures peuvent présenter une pluralité de trous. The solder sheets may have a plurality of holes.
Les feuilles de brasure peuvent présenter une épaisseur telle que le perçage des différentes parois à percer ne s'en trouve pas altéré ni compliqué. The solder sheets may have a thickness such that the drilling of the different walls to be pierced is not altered or complicated.
Avantageusement, une telle solution permet de s'affranchir de l'utilisation des outillages de brasage métallique et des outillages de brasage par pression gazeuse, qui sont des outillages coûteux en temps et en argent, non seulement en soi mais aussi en ce qui concerne leur maintenance, mais aussi, et corollairement, de simplifier le procédé de brasage. Advantageously, such a solution eliminates the use of metal brazing tools and soldering tools by gas pressure, which are expensive tooling time and money, not only in themselves but also in their maintenance, but also, and as a corollary, to simplify the brazing process.
On décrit à présent, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, des modes de réalisation possibles de l'invention, en référence aux figures annexées ; sur l'ensemble des figures, des références identiques ou analogues désignent des organes ou ensembles d'organes identiques ou analogues : We will now describe, by way of nonlimiting example, possible embodiments of the invention, with reference to the appended figures; sure the set of figures, identical or similar references designate identical or similar organs or sets of members:
- la figure 1 est une vue en coupe d'un assemblage obtenu par un dispositif d'assemblage selon un premier et un second mode de réalisation de la présente invention, FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an assembly obtained by an assembly device according to a first and a second embodiment of the present invention,
- la figure 2 est une vue en coupe d'un dispositif d'assemblage selon un second mode de réalisation de la présente invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an assembly device according to a second embodiment of the present invention,
- la figure 3 est une vue en coupe d'un dispositif d'assemblage selon un premier mode de réalisation de la présente invention. - Figure 3 is a sectional view of an assembly device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
En référence à la figure 1 , on décrit un assemblage obtenu par un dispositif d'assemblage selon un premier et un second mode de réalisation de la présente invention. With reference to FIG. 1, an assembly obtained by an assembly device according to a first and a second embodiment of the present invention is described.
L'assemblage consiste en une tuyère acoustique comprenant une structure en sandwich avec deux parois carénées, l'une interne 1 et l'autre externe 2, entre lesquelles vient s'intercaler une structure acoustique en nid d'abeilles 3.  The assembly consists of an acoustic nozzle comprising a sandwich structure with two faired walls, one internal 1 and the other external 2, between which is interposed a honeycomb acoustic structure 3.
Les parois interne 1 et externe 2 sont fixés sur la structure en nid d'abeilles 3 chacun par une feuille de brasure (non représentées) recouvrant respectivement pour l'une toute la surface interne 4 et pour l'autre toute la su rface externe 5 de la structure en n id d 'abeil les 3, et destinées à être chauffées jusqu'à leur température de fusion dans un four sous vide après l'assemblage pour l ier les parois interne 1 et externe 2 à la structure en n id d'abeilles 3. Pa r conséq uent, l es feu i l l es d e brasu re présentent u n e température de fusion inférieure à celle des parois interne 1 et externe 2 et de la structure en nid d'abeilles 3. En référence aux figures 2 et 3, on décrit les caractéristiques communes des dispositifs d'assemblages selon les premier et second modes de réalisation de la présente invention.  The inner 1 and outer 2 walls are fixed on the honeycomb structure 3 each by a solder sheet (not shown) covering respectively for one the entire inner surface 4 and for the other all the outer surface 5 3, and intended to be heated to their melting temperature in a vacuum oven after assembly to lier the inner 1 and outer walls 2 to the structure in n id Bees 3. As a result, the solder lamps have a lower melting temperature than the inner and outer walls 1 and 2 and the honeycomb structure 3. Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3 the common features of the assembling devices according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention are described.
Les dispositifs d'assemblages permettent d'assembler la paroi interne 1 dans une structure comprenant la paroi externe 2 carénée et la structure acoustique en n id d'abeilles 3, présentant chacune des sections sensiblement circulaires. La paroi externe 2 carénée présente une forme sensiblement complémentaire de celle des surfaces interne 4 et externe 5 de la structure en nid d'abeilles 3. The assembling devices make it possible to assemble the inner wall 1 in a structure comprising the outer wall 2 careened and the acoustic structure in n id of bees 3, each having substantially circular sections. The careened outer wall 2 has a shape substantially complementary to that of the inner 4 and outer 5 surfaces of the honeycomb structure 3.
La paroi externe 2 carénée est en contact avec et recouvre la surface externe 4 de la structure en nid d'abeilles 3.  The faired outer wall 2 is in contact with and covers the outer surface 4 of the honeycomb structure 3.
Les dispositifs d'assemblages comprennent une contre-forme 6 (non représentée su r l a fig u re 2 ) présentant une forme sensiblement complémentaire de celle de la paroi externe 2.  The assembling devices comprise a counter-form 6 (not shown in FIG. 2) having a shape substantially complementary to that of the outer wall 2.
La contre-forme est en contact avec et recouvre la paroi externe 2. Le dispositif d'assemblage comprend un outillage apte à exercer une pression par contact d'une seconde contre-forme 7 de l'outillage sur la paroi interne 1 de manière à ce que la dite paroi interne 1 entre en contact avec et prenne la forme de la surface interne 5 de la structure en nid d'abeilles 3.  The counter-form is in contact with and covers the outer wall 2. The assembly device comprises a tool capable of exerting pressure by contact with a second counter-form 7 of the tool on the inner wall 1 so as to this inner wall 1 comes into contact with and takes the shape of the inner surface 5 of the honeycomb structure 3.
La surface interne 5 de la structure en nid d'abeilles 3 est recouverte d'u ne feu il le de brasu re de sorte que l 'assemblage une fois assemblé la feuille de brasure soit prise entre la structure en nid d'abeilles 3 et la paroi interne 1 .  The inner surface 5 of the honeycomb structure 3 is covered with a solder plate so that the assembly once assembled the solder sheet is taken between the honeycomb structure 3 and the inner wall 1.
La paroi interne 1 est disposée autour de la seconde contre-forme 7 du dispositif d'assemblage. La seconde contre-forme 7 de l'outil fait office d'empreinte pour la mise en forme de la paroi interne 1 . Cette seconde contre- forme 7 permet de donner à la paroi interne 1 sensiblement la forme de la surface interne 5 de la structure en nid d'abeille 3. En référence à la figure 2 particulièrement, on décrit les caractéristiques spécifiques au dispositif d'assemblage selon le premier mode de réalisation de la présente invention.  The inner wall 1 is disposed around the second counter-form 7 of the assembly device. The second counter-form 7 of the tool serves as an impression for the shaping of the inner wall 1. This second counterform 7 makes it possible to give the inner wall 1 substantially the shape of the inner surface 5 of the honeycomb structure 3. With reference to FIG. 2 in particular, the specific characteristics of the assembly device are described. according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Le dispositif d'assemblage selon le premier mode de réalisation de la présente invention est un dispositif d'assemblage par expansion hydraulique.  The assembly device according to the first embodiment of the present invention is a hydraulic expansion assembly device.
La seconde contre-forme 7 est un secteur métal l ique 7 et est actionnée par un pylône 8, ou carotte d'expansion, introduit dans la seconde contre-forme 7. Le pylône 8, ou carotte d'expansion , présente une forme sensiblement en cône et est introdu it dans le secteur métallique 7 de telle man ière que la section du pylône 8 de plus petit diamètre soit introduite en premier dans le secteur métallique 7. Le diamètre maximal à introduire dans le secteur métallique 7 est choisi de telle manière que la seconde contre-forme 7 puisse mettre en forme la paroi interne 1 de manière satisfaisante pour réaliser l'assemblage. The second counterform 7 is a metalic sector 7 and is actuated by a pylon 8, or expansion core, introduced into the second counterform 7. The pylon 8, or expansion core, has a shape substantially in cone and is introduced in the metal sector 7 so that the section of the pylon 8 of smaller diameter is introduced first into the metal sector 7. The maximum diameter to be introduced into the metal sector 7 is chosen in such a way that the second counterform 7 can form the inner wall 1 satisfactorily to achieve the assembly.
En référence à la figure 3 particulièrement, on décrit les caractéristiques spécifiques au dispositif d'assemblage selon le second mode de réalisation de la présente invention. With reference to FIG. 3 in particular, the characteristics specific to the assembly device according to the second embodiment of the present invention are described.
Le dispositif d'assemblage selon le second mode de réalisation de la présente invention est un dispositif d'assemblage par hydroformage.  The assembly device according to the second embodiment of the present invention is a hydroforming assembly device.
La seconde contre-forme 7 est une vessie 7 déformable et est actionnée par un fluide, préférentiellement de l'eau 8, mais qui peut aussi être de l 'h u i le. La vess ie 7 présente deux extrém ités ouvertes col matées hermétiquement par des fermetures 9 et 10.  The second counter-form 7 is a deformable bladder 7 and is actuated by a fluid, preferably water 8, but which can also be fluid. The bladder 7 has two open necked ends which are hermetically sealed by closures 9 and 10.
La fermeture 10 vient en contact plan sur plan avec une paroi transversale 1 1 présentant une surface plane, sensiblement en contact plan sur plan avec la contre-forme 6.  The closure 10 comes into plane-on-plane contact with a transverse wall 1 1 having a flat surface substantially in plane-to-plane contact with the counterform 6.
La fermeture 9 comprend un dispositif d'alimentation (non représenté) en eau 8 de la vessie 7.  The closure 9 comprises a feeding device (not shown) in water 8 of the bladder 7.
Les fermetures 9 et 10, ainsi que la vessie 7, ainsi que leur assemblage, sont dimensionnés de telle manière que la vessie est apte à mettre en forme la paroi interne 1 de manière satisfaisante à réaliser l 'assemblage de la paroi interne 1 avec la structure comprenant la paroi externe 2 et la structure en nid d'abeilles 3.  The closures 9 and 10, as well as the bladder 7, and their assembly, are dimensioned in such a way that the bladder is able to shape the inner wall 1 satisfactorily to make the assembly of the inner wall 1 with the structure comprising the outer wall 2 and the honeycomb structure 3.
Il existe aussi la possibilité de former les parois avec une haute pression d'huile (sans vessie 7) avec deux bouchons d'étanchéité 9 et 1 0 présentant des joints caoutchouc de forme torique (mode non représenté).  There is also the possibility of forming the walls with high oil pressure (without bladder 7) with two sealing plugs 9 and 10 having O-shaped rubber seals (not shown).
En référence au figures 1 , 2 et 3, on décrit à présent un procédé d'assemblage selon un mode de réal isation de la présente invention : selon une première étape, une feuille de brasure est disposée sur la paroi externe 2 de manière à recouvrir sensiblement toute la surface interne de la paroi externeWith reference to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, an assembly method according to one embodiment of the present invention is now described: in a first step, a solder sheet is placed on the outer wall 2 so as to cover substantially the entire inner surface of the outer wall
2 ; puis la structure en nid d'abeilles 3 est installée à l'intérieur de la paroi externe 2 de tel le man ière q ue la feu il le de brasu re soit sens ibl ement entièrement plaquée contre la paroi externe 2 et la structure en nid d'abeilles2; then the honeycomb structure 3 is installed inside the outer wall 2 in such a way that the fire of the armature is fully fully pressed against the outer wall 2 and the nest structure bee
3 ; pu is une feu ille de brasure est d isposée sur la surface interne 4 de la structure en n id d'abeilles 3 de man ière à recouvrir sensiblement toute la surface interne 4 ; puis la paroi interne 1 est introduite dans le volume délimité par la structure en nid d'abeilles 3, puis expansée de manière à prendre la forme de la surface interne 4 de la structure en nid d'abeilles 3 et à plaquer la feuille de brasure sur la surface interne 4. 3; if a brazing light is positioned on the inner surface 4 of the honeycomb structure 3 so as to substantially cover the entire inner surface 4; then the inner wall 1 is introduced into the defined volume by the honeycomb structure 3, then expanded to take the shape of the inner surface 4 of the honeycomb structure 3 and to press the solder sheet onto the inner surface 4.
Enfin, une fois la paroi interne 1 plaquée contre la surface interne 4 de la structure en nid d'abeilles 3, l'assemblage peut être mis en four sous vide (non représenté) pour brasage sans outillage, c'est-à-dire que l'assemblage est chauffé jusqu'à la température de fusion de la brasure, dont la valeur est inférieure à celle de la température de fusion de l'ensemble formé par les parois interne 1 et externe 2 et par la structure en nid d'abeilles 3 ; cette opération permet d'assembler les parois interne 1 et externe 2 à la structure en nid d'abeilles 3.  Finally, once the inner wall 1 pressed against the inner surface 4 of the honeycomb structure 3, the assembly can be placed in a vacuum oven (not shown) for soldering without tools, that is to say that the assembly is heated up to the melting point of the solder, the value of which is lower than that of the melting temperature of the assembly formed by the inner and outer walls 1 and the nest structure of bees 3; this operation makes it possible to assemble the inner 1 and outer 2 walls to the honeycomb structure 3.
Les feuilles de brasures peuvent présenter une pluralité de trous de manière à ce qu'une fois le brasage effectué, la brasure ne recouvre pas toute la surface externe de la paroi interne 1 ni toute la surface interne de la paroi externe 2 ; ainsi la performance acoustique restera satisfaisante.  The brazing sheets may have a plurality of holes so that, once brazing has been performed, the solder does not cover the entire outer surface of the inner wall 1 nor the entire internal surface of the outer wall 2; thus the acoustic performance will remain satisfactory.
Il va de soi que l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits ci-dessus à titre d'exemple, mais qu'elle comprend tous les équivalents techniques et toutes les variantes des moyens et procédés décrits ainsi que leurs combinaisons possibles. It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above by way of example, but that it includes all the technical equivalents and all variants of the means and methods described and their possible combinations. .

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Procédé d'assemblage d'un ensemble comprenant une paroi interne (1 ), une paroi externe (2) carénée et un élément intermédiaire (3), présentant chacun des sections sensiblement circulaires, la paroi externe (2) présentant une forme sensiblement complémentaire de celle des surfaces externe (5) et interne (4) de l'élément intermédiaire (3), et dont la surface interne est destinée à recouvrir la surface externe (5) de l'élément intermédiaire (3), le procédé étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins une étape de mise en place d'au moins une feuille de brasure, dont la température de fusion est inférieure à celle des autres éléments de l'ensemble, sur au moins une surface de l'assemblage destinée à entrer en contact avec une autre surface de l'assemblage, et au moins une étape de chauffage au moyen d'un four d'un ensemble comprenant au moins l'une des parois externe (2) ou interne (3) et l'élément intermédiaire (3) entre lesquelles est intercalée au moins une feuille de brasure de manière à fixer la paroi externe (2) ou interne (1 ) par brasure sur l'élément intermédiaire (3).  1. A method of assembling an assembly comprising an inner wall (1), a careened external wall (2) and an intermediate element (3), each having substantially circular sections, the outer wall (2) having a shape substantially complementary to that of the outer (5) and inner (4) surfaces of the intermediate element (3), and whose inner surface is intended to cover the outer surface (5) of the intermediate element (3), the method being characterized in that it comprises at least one step of placing at least one solder sheet, whose melting temperature is lower than that of the other elements of the assembly, on at least one surface of the assembly intended for contacting another surface of the assembly, and at least one step of heating by means of an oven of an assembly comprising at least one of the outer (2) or inner (3) walls and the element intermediate (3) between which is inserted at least one solder sheet so as to fix the external (2) or internal (1) wall by brazing on the intermediate element (3).
2. Procédé selon la revend ication 1 caractérisé en ce q u'il comprend une étape de mise en place d'au moins une feuille de brasure sur tout ou partie de la surface interne de la paroi externe (2).  2. Method according to revend ication 1 characterized in that it comprises a step of placing at least one solder sheet on all or part of the inner surface of the outer wall (2).
3. Procédé selon les revendications 1 ou 2 caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une étape de mise en place d'au moins une feuille de brasure sur tout ou partie de la surface interne (4) de l'élément intermédiaire (3).  3. Method according to claims 1 or 2 characterized in that it comprises a step of placing at least one solder sheet on all or part of the inner surface (4) of the intermediate member (3).
4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce qu'il comprend une étape d'introduction de l'élément intermédiaire (3) dans le volume délimité par la paroi externe (2) de telle manière que la surface interne de la paroi externe (2) recouvre la surface externe (5) de l'élément intermédiaire (3).  4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises a step of introducing the intermediate element (3) in the volume defined by the outer wall (2) so that the inner surface of the outer wall (2) covers the outer surface (5) of the intermediate element (3).
5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une étape d'introduction d'une paroi interne (1 ) dans le volume délimité par l'élément intermédiaire (3) de telle manière que la surface interne de l'élément intermédiaire (3) recouvre la surface externe de la paroi interne (1 ).  5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises a step of introducing an inner wall (1) into the volume defined by the intermediate element (3) so that the inner surface of the intermediate element (3) covers the outer surface of the inner wall (1).
6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une étape d'expansion radiale, au moyen d'un outillage pour l'expansion (6,7,8,9,10) d'un dispositif d'assemblage, de la paroi interne (1 ) de manière à ce que la dite paroi interne (1 ) entre en contact avec et prenne la forme de la surface interne (4) de l'élément intermédiaire (3). 6. Method according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises a radial expansion step, by means of a tool for the expansion (6,7,8,9,10) of a device assembly, wall internal (1) so that said inner wall (1) comes into contact with and takes the form of the inner surface (4) of the intermediate element (3).
7. Dispositif d'assemblage pour la mise en œuvre d'un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un outillage pour l'expansion radiale (6,7,8,9,10) par pression d'au moins un élément solide (7) sur la paroi interne (1 ).  7. Assembly device for implementing a method according to any preceding claim characterized in that it comprises a tool for radial expansion (6,7,8,9,10) by pressure at least one solid element (7) on the inner wall (1).
8. Dispositif d'assemblage selon la revendication 7 caractérisé en ce que l'outillage d'expansion comprend une contre-forme (6) présentant une forme sensiblement complémentaire de celle de la paroi externe (2), étant en contact et recouvrant la paroi externe (2).  8. Connecting device according to claim 7 characterized in that the expansion tool comprises a against-shape (6) having a shape substantially complementary to that of the outer wall (2), being in contact and covering the wall external (2).
9. Dispositif selon les revendications 7 ou 8 caractérisé en ce que l'outillage d'expansion comprend un outil d'hydroformage (7,8,9,10).  9. Device according to claims 7 or 8 characterized in that the expansion tool comprises a hydroforming tool (7,8,9,10).
10. Dispositif selon les revendications 7 ou 8 caractérisé en ce que l'outillage d'expansion comprend un outil d'expansion hydraulique (7,8).  10. Device according to claims 7 or 8 characterized in that the expansion tool comprises a hydraulic expansion tool (7,8).
EP14722278.0A 2013-04-15 2014-04-15 Brazing without tools Withdrawn EP2986409A2 (en)

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FR1353392A FR3004368B1 (en) 2013-04-15 2013-04-15 SOLDERING WITHOUT TOOLS
PCT/FR2014/050915 WO2014170596A2 (en) 2013-04-15 2014-04-15 Brazing without tools

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US9789556B2 (en) 2017-10-17
WO2014170596A2 (en) 2014-10-23
FR3004368B1 (en) 2015-09-25
WO2014170596A3 (en) 2014-12-18
US20160031032A1 (en) 2016-02-04
FR3004368A1 (en) 2014-10-17

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