EP2984670A1 - Schaltereinrichtung - Google Patents
SchaltereinrichtungInfo
- Publication number
- EP2984670A1 EP2984670A1 EP14739777.2A EP14739777A EP2984670A1 EP 2984670 A1 EP2984670 A1 EP 2984670A1 EP 14739777 A EP14739777 A EP 14739777A EP 2984670 A1 EP2984670 A1 EP 2984670A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- switch
- voltage
- bleeder
- switches
- switch device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H33/16—Impedances connected with contacts
- H01H33/161—Variable impedances
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H33/14—Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H33/14—Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc
- H01H2033/146—Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc using capacitors, e.g. for the voltage division over the different switches
Definitions
- the invention relates to a switch device having at least two switches connected in series, which are switched on or off together for switching the switch device on and off, wherein a voltage-dependent bleeder resistor is electrically connected in parallel to each of the switches a predetermined threshold voltage reduces its electrical resistance.
- Such a switch device is described, for example, in the Siemens brochure "SF6 Power Switch, Type 3AT4 / 5, 362 kV to 800 kV” (Siemens AG, published in April 1997,
- switch devices of the type described have not been able to prevail.
- filter banks are used to filter out harmonics from the energy transmission network.
- Such filter banks represent high capacitive loads, which must be switched by the switch devices used in the HVDC systems.
- switchgear devices of the type described above which are designed, for example, for a voltage level of 550 kV, are generally unsuitable for use in an HVDC system with a voltage level of 550 kV, so that instead switch devices are used for the next higher voltage level of 800 kV are required to be used.
- the use of the switch devices described above for HVDC systems is accordingly currently not meaningful.
- the invention has for its object to further develop a switch device of the type specified in that they may possibly be used meaningfully in HVDC systems.
- one of the bleeder resistors is a selected bleeder resistor which, in the event of an overvoltage situation, always responds to the other bleeder resistor (s) and shortens its resistance value while reducing the voltage applied to the associated switch ,
- a significant advantage of the switch device according to the invention is the fact that switching cases, in which only one bleeder responds, while the other bleeder is short-circuited by a re-ignited switching path, are avoided. Due to the fact that one of the arrester resistances first responds, there is an avoidance of restrike in favor of reignition and thus the fact that the described switching case, in which only one bleeder resistor responds and experiences the greatest energy input, is avoided.
- a response of the one selected bleeder resistor can be achieved in a particularly simple and therefore advantageous manner if the switch which is parallel to the other bleeder resistor or one of the other bleeder resistors is connected Control capacitor is connected in parallel, which shifts the voltage distribution over the series-connected switches such that at the selected bleeder always a greater partial voltage than at the or the other Ableit- resistances.
- the partial voltage applied to the selected bleeder resistor is preferably at least 70%, particularly preferably at least 90%, greater than the partial voltage applied to the other bleeder resistors.
- the response voltage of the selected bleeder resistor is smaller than that of the one or more bleeder resistors.
- a different response behavior or different characteristics of the bleeder resistors advantageously lead to the switching case, in which only one bleeder resistor responds and this experiences the greatest energy input, becoming particularly unlikely. This happens because the second switching path must absorb the full applied voltage alone in the case of a re-ignition of the first; If the leakage resistance of this second switching path now responds later than the leakage resistance of the first switching path, a higher reversing voltage is possible, which increases the probability that the second switching path will also be ignited and thus avoid the described unfavorable switching event.
- the response voltage of the selected bleeder resistor is at least 3% smaller than that of the other bleeder resistor (s).
- a control capacitor is connected in parallel, which shifts the voltage distribution across the series-connected switches in favor of this other Ableitwiderstands so, that at the selected Ableitwi- Resistance always applied to a larger partial voltage than at the or the other Ableitwiderhackn, and moreover, the response voltage of the selected Ableitwiderstands is smaller than that of the other or the other Ableitwiderinstrument.
- the partial voltage applied to the selected bleeder resistor is at least 70% greater than the partial voltage applied to the other bleeder resistors and the on-voice voltage of the selected bleeder resistor is at least 3% smaller than that of the other bleeder resistor or resistors ,
- the time duration which the selected bleeder resistor responds before the other bleeder resistor amounts to at least 0.05 times the period of the change applied to the switch device. Voltage corresponds.
- a switch drive which is in communication with all switches of the switch device and can cause a common switching on and off of all switches.
- a switch drive is configured such that in the case of a common opening of all switches of the switch means, the switch, which is parallel to the selected bleeder, is opened in front of the one or more switches.
- the switch drive is configured such that - in the case of switching an alternating current - the time that is opened in parallel to the selected Ableitwiderstand switch before the other or the other switches, at least 0.05 times the period of the switched off alternating voltage corresponds ,
- the invention further relates to an arrangement with an AC voltage source, a capacitor device and a switch device, as described above, wherein the switch means is electrically connected between the AC voltage source and the capacitor means and is suitable, by switching off the switch of the switch means, the AC voltage source electrically separated from the capacitor device.
- the capacitor device may be part of an HVDC system, for example.
- the invention also relates to a method for operating a switch device having at least two switches connected in series, wherein a voltage-dependent discharge resistor is electrically connected in parallel to each of the switches, which reduces its electrical resistance value when a predetermined response voltage is exceeded, wherein the method to turn off the switch means all switches are turned off together and to turn on the switch means all switches are turned on together.
- one of the bleeder resistors is operated as a selected bleeder resistor, in such a way that, in the case of an overvoltage situation, the selected bleeder resistor responds before the other bleeder resistor (s) in the case of an overvoltage situation and its resistance value is reduced the voltage applied to the parallel to the selected bleeder resistor voltage applied first reduced.
- Figure 4 shows an embodiment of an inventive
- FIG. 5 shows the switching behavior of the switch device according to
- FIG. 4 shows voltage curves over the switches for the case without reignition and reignition
- FIG. 6 shows the switching behavior of the switching device according to FIG.
- FIG. 8 shows an exemplary embodiment of a switch device in which a circuit breaker is additionally present
- 9 shows an exemplary embodiment of a switch device according to the invention, in which additionally a further control capacitor and a circuit breaker connected in series with this further control capacitor are provided, and
- Switch device in which a switch drive controls the switch offset.
- FIG. 1 shows a switch device 10 with a first switch 20 and a second switch 30, which are switched on or off together to switch the switch device 10 on and off.
- the two switches are electrically connected in series.
- a voltage-dependent Ableitwiderstand 40 and 50 is electrically connected in parallel, which reduces its electrical resistance value when a predetermined threshold voltage is exceeded.
- the voltage-dependent bleeder resistors 40 and 50 serve to limit the voltages across the switches 20 and 30.
- Parallel to the switches 20 and 30 or parallel to the Ableitwiderêtn 40 and 50 are two capacitors C, which are identical or have the same capacitance value.
- the switch device 10 is electrically connected between a power grid 60 and an electrical load 70.
- a load case can occur which heavily loads at least one of the bleeder resistors. This load case will be described in more detail below.
- the switch device 10 When the switch device 10 is opened, mechanical tolerances between the switches 20 and 30 may cause one of the switches, for example, the second switch 30, to open slightly earlier than the first switch 20. As a result, the second switch 30 compares to the first switch 30
- FIG. 2 shows the variation of the voltage U across the two switches 20 and 30 over time t.
- the curve K1 shows the voltage curve at the first switch 20 and the curve K2 the voltage curve at the second switch 30.
- the curve K3 shows the progression of the dielectric strength of the first switch 20 over time.
- the time of the reignition of the switch 20 is indicated in Figure 2 by the reference numeral R.
- FIG. 3 shows a switch device 110, in which the voltage division via a first switch 120 and a second switch 130 is deliberately controlled. The Verhneung is achieved by only parallel to the electric load 70 facing (load side) second switch 130, a capacitor, hereinafter referred to as control capacitor Cl, is connected in parallel. Control can be used to avoid the load case described above and reduce the maximum load on the bleeder resistors.
- control capacitor C1 shifts the voltage distribution across the series-connected switches 120 and 130 in such a way that a larger partial voltage is always applied to the bleeder resistor 140 than to the bleeder resistor 150.
- the leakage resistance 140 thus becomes a selected bleeder resistor, which always responds to the bleeder resistor 150 in the event of an overvoltage situation when the switches 120 and 130 of the switch device 110 are switched off together and reduces its resistance value while reducing the voltage applied to the associated switch 120. This is explained in more detail below:
- the control capacitor Cl has a capacitance of 1000 pF
- a voltage split of 98.7% of the voltage across the first switch 120 and 1.3% of the voltage across the second switch 130 is achieved. Due to the strong voltage control, the addition of the two partial voltages, which the second switch 130, which does not need to re-ignite, in the case of a reignition of the first switch 120, is only slightly larger than the partial voltage which shortly before the reignition above the first switch 120, the reignited, anlag. As a result, the bleeder resistor of the second switch 130 is not immediately loaded after the reignition. Initially, only a high-frequency compensating current occurs, which brings the voltage across the second switch 130 to the value of the sum of the previous partial voltages.
- the equalizing current flows through the first re-ignited switch 120 and can be deleted therefrom.
- the switch 120 can again absorb voltage and it does not happen that the charge-reversal process of the load capacitance formed by the load 70 takes place via the bleeder resistor or a reduced short-circuit current flows through one of the bleeder resistors.
- the switch 120 remains switched off.
- FIG. 4 shows a switch device 210, in which the voltage distribution via a first switch 220 and a second switch 230 is deliberately controlled by applying a control capacitor Cl above the load-side second switch 230 facing the electrical load 70, and by additionally connecting the Response of the voltage-dependent Ableitwiderêtn 240 and 250 is selected differently.
- the bleeder resistors are selected such that the bleeder resistor 250 across the second switch 230 responds later than the bleeder resistor 240. Due to the different response of the bleeder is achieved that the equalizing current decays with zero crossings and does not immediately pass into the actual leakage current of the bleeder resistor 250 of the second switch 230.
- the probability of a common re-ignition of the two switches 220 and 230 is increased by the subsequent response of the bleeder 250 of the second switch 230, whereby the unfavorable load case described above can be avoided.
- FIG. 5 shows the effects of the control capacitance of the control capacitor C1 on the basis of the voltages U at the switches 220 and 230 over the time t.
- the curve Kl shows the voltage at the first switch 220 and the curve K2 the voltage at the second switch 230 for the case without re-ignition and re-ignition. It can be seen that the voltage across the first switch 220 first increases much more than the voltage across the second switch 230. After the partial voltages across both switches have been equalized by the bleeder resistor 240 of the first switch 220 and then both bleeder resistors 240 and 250 limit the partial voltages, the different response of the bleeder resistors to the voltage difference between the two switches can be seen.
- FIG. 6 illustrates the voltage curves U over the time t for the two switches 220 and 230 in the event that the first switch 220 reignites.
- the curve K1 shows the voltage curve at the first switch 220 and the curve K2 the voltage curve at the second switch 230.
- the curve K3 represents the curve of the withstand voltage of the first switch 220 over time.
- the time of the reignition of the switch 220 is shown in FIG marked with the reference R.
- the reference symbol A indicates when the compensating current is interrupted.
- FIG. 7 shows the compensation current I through the first switch 220 over time t as a result of a back ignition.
- the switch device 310 has, in addition to the two switches 320 and 330, the bleeder resistors 340 and 350 and the control capacitor Cl, a circuit breaker 390.
- a continuous response of the bleeder resistors 340 and 350 in the off state can be prevented in the switch device 310 according to FIG. 8 by the circuit breaker 390 being opened after the switch device 310 has been switched off.
- FIG. 9 shows a further switch device 410, with which overloading of the bleeder resistors 440 and 450 can be avoided by constant response in the switched-off state.
- the switch device 410 has, in addition to the two switches 420 and 430, the bleeder resistors 440 and 450 and the control capacitor Cl, a circuit breaker 490 and a further control capacitor C2.
- a continuous response of the bleeder resistors 340 and 350 in the off state can be prevented in the switch device 410 according to FIG. tion of the switch means 410, the further control capacitor C2 is switched by the circuit breaker 490.
- FIG. 10 shows a switch device 510 with a first switch 520, a second switch 530, two preferably differently responding bleeder resistors 540 and 550 and a control capacitor C1.
- a switch actuator 595 cooperates, which can cause a common switching on and off of all switches.
- the switch actuator 595 is configured to always open the first switch 520 before the second switch 530; the bleeder resistor 540, which is parallel to this first switch 520, in this case forms the selected bleeder resistor in the sense of the above explanations.
Landscapes
- Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102013214593.4A DE102013214593A1 (de) | 2013-07-25 | 2013-07-25 | Schaltereinrichtung |
PCT/EP2014/064842 WO2015010916A1 (de) | 2013-07-25 | 2014-07-10 | Schaltereinrichtung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2984670A1 true EP2984670A1 (de) | 2016-02-17 |
EP2984670B1 EP2984670B1 (de) | 2018-01-03 |
Family
ID=51210455
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14739777.2A Active EP2984670B1 (de) | 2013-07-25 | 2014-07-10 | Schaltereinrichtung |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2984670B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102013214593A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2015010916A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102016217496B4 (de) | 2016-09-14 | 2020-10-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Einschaltwiderstandsanordnung |
CA3049087C (en) | 2016-12-31 | 2021-08-17 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Circuit breaker system with an internal voltage limiter |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE974621C (de) * | 1952-12-31 | 1961-03-02 | Continental Elektro Ind Ag | Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter mit mehreren in Reihe geschalteten Schaltstellen |
CH380800A (de) * | 1960-09-16 | 1964-08-15 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Leistungsschalter mit Mehrfachunterbrechung |
DE2361203A1 (de) * | 1973-12-06 | 1975-06-12 | Siemens Ag | Elektrischer leistungsschalter mit einer loeschvorrichtung |
CH665053A5 (de) * | 1984-11-12 | 1988-04-15 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Schalteranordnung zum abschalten einer reaktanz. |
FR2653611B1 (fr) * | 1989-10-20 | 1991-12-20 | Alsthom Gec | Disjoncteur de reactance. |
FR2680043B1 (fr) * | 1991-08-02 | 1993-10-22 | Gec Alsthom Sa | Disjoncteur a coupure multiple equipe de varistances. |
DE29903818U1 (de) * | 1999-02-22 | 1999-06-02 | Siemens AG, 80333 München | Hochspannungsleistungsschalter mit kapazitiven Elementen |
-
2013
- 2013-07-25 DE DE102013214593.4A patent/DE102013214593A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2014
- 2014-07-10 WO PCT/EP2014/064842 patent/WO2015010916A1/de active Application Filing
- 2014-07-10 EP EP14739777.2A patent/EP2984670B1/de active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2015010916A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2984670B1 (de) | 2018-01-03 |
WO2015010916A1 (de) | 2015-01-29 |
DE102013214593A1 (de) | 2015-02-19 |
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