EP2982809B1 - Système intégré d'isolation, de ventilation et de fixation pour un toit - Google Patents

Système intégré d'isolation, de ventilation et de fixation pour un toit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2982809B1
EP2982809B1 EP14002728.5A EP14002728A EP2982809B1 EP 2982809 B1 EP2982809 B1 EP 2982809B1 EP 14002728 A EP14002728 A EP 14002728A EP 2982809 B1 EP2982809 B1 EP 2982809B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
roof
thickness
panels
omega
insulating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP14002728.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2982809A1 (fr
Inventor
Luciano Mazzer
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Iwis Insulation Waterproofing Industrial Systems Srl
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Iwis Insulation Waterproofing Industrial Systems Srl
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Priority to EP14002728.5A priority Critical patent/EP2982809B1/fr
Publication of EP2982809A1 publication Critical patent/EP2982809A1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/35—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation
    • E04D3/351—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation at least one of the layers being composed of insulating material, e.g. fibre or foam material
    • E04D3/352—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation at least one of the layers being composed of insulating material, e.g. fibre or foam material at least one insulating layer being located between non-insulating layers, e.g. double skin slabs or sheets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1606—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1612—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the roof structure comprising a supporting framework of roof purlins or rafters
    • E04D13/1618—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the roof structure comprising a supporting framework of roof purlins or rafters with means for fixing the insulating material between the roof covering and the upper surface of the roof purlins or rafters
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/17—Ventilation of roof coverings not otherwise provided for
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/17—Ventilation of roof coverings not otherwise provided for
    • E04D13/172—Roof insulating material with provisions for or being arranged for permitting ventilation of the roof covering
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/36—Connecting; Fastening
    • E04D3/366—Connecting; Fastening by closing the space between the slabs or sheets by gutters, bulges, or bridging elements, e.g. strips

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an integrated system of insulation, ventilation and fixing for a roof; furthermore, the present invention also relates to a building roof comprising said system.
  • the invention finds specific application in the field of production of semi-finished components for building.
  • the invention relates to the multi-layer and multifunction package, which is mounted between the load-bearing structure of the roof and the waterproofing roof covering, for thermal insulation, ventilation and support.
  • a specific solution for a slanting roof is described which comprises laterally rabbeted insulating panels on which a double crossed framework of omega-shaped metal sections is integrated, said solution also being suitable for vertical walls of the ventilated type.
  • insulation is essential to make a roofing that reduces heat loss, produces significant operational saving, obtains considerable advantages in terms of living comfort and also performs a valid function of protection of the load-bearing structure.
  • insulation one means a layer of material having the main function of thermal insulation; often, in addition to this function there is also the noise reduction function for the purpose of obtaining an insulation of the thermal-acoustic type.
  • the effectiveness of such insulation depends mainly on the characteristics of the material used, on the thicknesses used and also on the specific configuration of realization of the roof package.
  • hot roof in the field of insulated roofings the solutions of the unventilated type, otherwise called hot roof, or the more modern solutions comprising a ventilation chamber, also called ventilated roof, are traditionally widely used.
  • Said hot roof solutions substantially provide a layer of insulating material directly mounted on the load-bearing structure, for example the wooden beams of a slanting roof, then placing on it a waterproofing sheath which will thus be placed under the roofing, in direct contact. It has been widely demonstrated that such solutions of the unventilated type, although varying in the type of materials and in the thicknesses, can cause problems of the thermo-hygrometric type not ensuring the necessary migration of humidity outwards through said roof package.
  • a ventilated roof provides a space for air that flows from the bottom upwards on the whole pitch, between the insulating layer and the boarding that supports the roofing, being suitably sized according to the flow provided; said air space, also called ventilation chamber, therefore has suitable openings both on the lower level, corresponding to the gutter, and on the upper level, corresponding to the ridge, in such a way as to allow the advantageous crossing of the ascending air motion.
  • thermo-hygrometric comfort in the houses and towards new insulation solutions have led to an evolution in construction systems, which has also been favoured by the new building regulations.
  • the firms operating in the building sector have proposed innovative roof stratigraphies with increasingly growing thicknesses; for example, solutions of high thermo-hygrometric performance ventilated roofs are known that provide stratigraphies comprising a thermal-insulating layer with a thickness up to 20 cm, the insulating material having a thermal conductivity of 0.032 W/mK, and a ventilation chamber having a thickness of at least 6 cm.
  • ventilation chambers which are made with small wooden splines fixed in a parallel way on the insulating layer, in the direction of maximum inclination, in adherence, in the form of spacers; generally, on such small splines a boarding is made for supporting the roofing or one fixes orthogonally on said splines a second framework of small wooden splines having a distance between centres selected according to the shingles, or tiles, to be supported.
  • the most used insulating materials are, nowadays, the foamed polymers having a high thermal resistance, in a rigid form in the shape of plates of different thicknesses also coupled on both faces with a protection layer; for example, one should remember the panels of foamed polystyrene or of polyurethane foam coupled on the upper part and/or on the lower part with aluminium sheets, particular membranes or additional layers.
  • insulating materials of natural origin are available, such as cork or mineral wools.
  • D1 describes a ventilation system for tilted roofs with metal stanchions fixed to the load-bearing structure between one panel and the other, of the omega-shaped type with the hollow facing downwards, being protruding from the thickness of the panels in such a way as to space out the roofing and also being provided with holes to facilitate the crossing of air.
  • D2 preposes an anchorage system of the insulating panels made up of a "U"-shaped element with the two ends embedded in the thickness, joined to the load-bearing structure with fastening elements that cross the entire thickness of the insulating material, and intended to support the sections that support the roofing.
  • D3 describes insulating panels with the edge inserted in particular sections with a central hollow to integrate fixing brackets, being provided with lower anchorage tongues to be anchored in said hollow between two coupled profiles, in correspondence of the connection between adjacent panels, and also provided with an upper tongue for supporting the perforated omega-shaped sections of support and ventilation of the roof covering.
  • D4 proposes an integrated solution of insulation and ventilation for external vertical walls, marketed by the Italian company Brianza Plastica Spa Carate Brianza (MB) (www.brianzaplastica.it) under the name X-wallTM, which provides shaped interlocking panels also with a metal guide embedded in the thickness of each panel, in the shape of a track, for the purpose of fixing in a sliding way, by means of hammer head screws, a plurality of supporting squares for the "T"-shaped vertical metal stanchions on which the external coating is fixed, acting as spacers.
  • MB Brianza Plastica Spa Carate Brianza
  • X-wallTM which provides shaped interlocking panels also with a metal guide embedded in the thickness of each panel, in the shape of a track, for the purpose of fixing in a sliding way, by means of hammer head screws, a plurality of supporting squares for the "T"-shaped vertical metal stanchions on which the external coating is fixed, acting as spacers.
  • D5 describes insulating panels with the edge rabbeted in a complementary way on the two opposite sides and provided with a thin groove in such a way as to house an element that is fixed in adherence, with screws, to the load-bearing structure; said element enables the interlocking and the reciprocal connection of two adjacent panels without heat bridges, having an overall thickness smaller than the thickness of the panel to be covered by the protruding part of the rabbeting of said adjacent panel that is mounted as an interlocking after said fixing.
  • said panels On the upper extrados said panels have continuous elements embedded in the thickness and arranged in a zigzag manner for the purpose of fixing in the most appropriate position the perforated sections of support and ventilation of the roof covering.
  • D6 and D7 propose an integrated system of insulation, ventilation and fixing for ventilated walls of the continuous façade type, comprising rabbeted insulating panels with a double framework of metal sections; the panels provide an interlocking rabbeting of the complementary type on the two opposite sides, where on one side the edge has the thickness depressed to house the wing of a continuous "Z"-shaped element of fixing with screws to the load-bearing structure through the remaining thickness of the panel, and wherein on the other side the rabbeting protrudes realizing the overlapping once drawn near.
  • said "Z"-shaped profile is increased to vertically come out of the connection between the panels, spacing the omega-shaped sections that are fixed to it vertically, and to support the external coating such as a corrugated sheet; in D7 said "Z"-shaped profile does not exit the extrados of the panels, remaining coplanar once adjacent, being horizontally mounted to support and fix vertically the omega-shaped supporting sections of the external coating.
  • an integrated system according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from NL1039070C .
  • the known solutions with high insulating power for fixing in an effective way to the load-bearing beams generally provide the use of screws having such a length and diameter as to yield the load-bearing element, being even more serious in the frequent case of wooden beams.
  • the known construction systems are not sufficiency effective in the case of limited weights and thicknesses; for example, they do not allow to comply with the current regulations with respect to thermal insulation in the various Italian climatic zones, adopting a package having a weight equal or lower than 40 Kg/m 2 and a thickness equal or lower than 18 cm, between the boardings above the load-bearing structure and under the roof covering.
  • the first framework is of the discontinuous type and also that in D6 the second framework is horizontal and does not realize a real ventilation chamber but only an air space, the ventilation function being performed by the first framework that exits the extrados of the panels.
  • An aim of the present invention is also to avoid the above-mentioned drawbacks.
  • a first aim consists in reducing the overall weight and thickness of said roof insulation and ventilation package, the thermal insulating panels and the relative fixing system being included inside a stratigraphy made up of multiple elements which synergically contribute to obtaining a highly performing integrated system with respect to the reaction to fire, to thermal insulation both in winter and in summer and to sound-proofing, and also with respect to seismic resistance.
  • a second aim consists in fixing in an effective way insulating panels having a great thickness to the load-bearing beams, using screws of reduced length and diameter so as not to yield the load-bearing element, said aim being particularly important in the case of wooden beams.
  • a third aim consists in solving the known executive problems connected with the complexity and the time necessary for the assembly of the whole insulation and ventilation package; in particular, one aims at considerably facilitating the laying operations providing a limited number of operations and also using elements of the symmetrical type, such as the metal sections of the first and second panels or the insulating panels with symmetrical rabbeting without interlocking, which can be positioned rapidly in an intuitive way.
  • a fourth aim consists in reducing the overall costs, also reducing the height of the sheet metal elements, as well as from the internal side and particularly for the use of plasterboard panels, to provide a valuable aspect equal to a finishing.
  • a fifth aim consists in reducing the impact of the heat and sound bridges, with particular reference to the openings of the roof such as windows and chimneys.
  • the integrated system (10) of insulation, ventilation and fixing for a roof (20) mainly provides that, between the load-bearing structure (200) and the roof covering (210), a homogenous layer of panels of insulating material (110) of great thickness is fixed in an effective way to the load-bearing beams through a hollow created laterally and symmetrically on each panel, in the form of an "L"-shaped rabbeting, using screws of limited length and diameter so as not to yield the load-bearing element.
  • the placing side-by-side of two adjacent panels forms a "U"-shaped groove, in the form of an upwardly opened channel, which allows to integrate in the thickness and without heat bridges a first metal element (120) having an omega-shaped section with the head facing downwards.
  • Said framework is substantially inserted in the thickness of the panel by the extrados (115), except for the tongues of said metal element (120) that press in adherence from the extrados and act as a wide and continuous support for a second metal framework that is fixed on the upper part to form an effective ventilation chamber (144).
  • said metal elements (120) are filled from above with insulating elements (130) in the whole free volume for the purpose of ensuring substantially homogenous thermal and hygrometric performances on the whole surface of the roof.
  • said metal element is sealed with butylic tape (131) in such a way that the extrados surface (115) becomes completely waterproof.
  • further second metal elements (140) having an omega-shaped section with the head facing upwards, are orthogonally fixed in adherence, on said first metal elements (120) in the direction of maximum inclination of the roof or according to the ventilation flow (145) towards the ridge.
  • the roof covering (210) which acts as a roof waterproofing and which, preferably but not exclusively, is of the thin multi-layer and continuous type with Canadian tiles (Fig. 2.3).
  • each insulating panel (110) has at the extrados (115), symmetrically in correspondence of two opposite longitudinal edges (113), a rabbeting (112) in the form of an "L"-shaped hollow that locally reduces the thickness of the panel in such a way as to obtain, once the panels have been drawn near in adherence on the edge of contact (113), that is to say, in correspondence of the plane of connection (114), a rectilinear and continuous groove having a "U" section open upwards, in the form of a channel; said "U” groove, being therefore formed by said "L"-shaped rabbetings (112) which are frontally opposite and symmetrically mirrored with respect to the plane of connection (114).
  • Such a solution allows to house in said groove an omega-shaped metal element (120) having sizes substantially corresponding to said hollow, in such a way as to adhere to said rabbetings (112) with the head (121) on the bottom of the hollow and the wings (122) that press on the extrados (115) of the panel (110) from outside, for a distributed fixing along the whole edge of the element (120-2) and at the same time on the double row of adjacent panels (110) ( Fig.1 ).
  • the system made up of the rabbeted insulating panel and of the omega-shaped metal element is then fixed on the load-bearing beam (200) by means of threaded screws (123) of limited length, being limited between the inside the head (121) of the omega and the load-bearing beam, holing the edge of connection (113) in correspondence of the "L"-shaped lateral rabbeting (112) and passing through the base layer (100), if present.
  • insulating panels (110) made of a rigid foam of a highly thermal-insulating material, being for example of the Polyurethane type, also known by the English acronym PUR, or of the Polyisocyanurate type, also known as PIR or POLYISO, preferably coupled on both faces by a special superficial coating (111) of the protective type, conventionally called facer in the English language, which enables to further reduce thermal conductivity with respect to the traditional insulating materials and which is also impermeable to gases; said coating (111), being preferably an aluminium sheet or, as an alternative, a synthetic membrane.
  • TV Venest Spa Ramon of Loria
  • AVF the closed-cell rigid foam POLYISO
  • the invention provides that in correspondence of the edge of connection (113) between adjacent panels there is a thickness of the insulating material comprised between 2 cm and 6 cm.
  • the invention provides an insulating panel (110) of PUR or PIR having a thickness of 10 cm, being it in fact sufficient to comply with the current legislative restrictions concerning thermal insulation in all the Italian climatic zones.
  • such a panel has said rabbeting (112) having a depth of 6 cm in such a way as to insert in it an omega-shaped metal element (120) having a height of 6 cm, excluding the wings (122); such a configuration therefore provides, under said rabbeting, a remaining thickness of the panel of 4 cm which allows to significantly reduce the sizes of the through-screws (123) of fixing to the load-bearing structure (200), for example the wooden truss of a slanting roof, with also lower bending moment efforts, although maintaining a sufficient insulating layer below said metal sections (120), in correspondence of the edge of connection (113) ( Fig. 1 ).
  • said screws (123) are sized to pass through 4 cm of insulating material (123), under the rabbeting (112), and through the base panel (100) up to the load-bearing beam (200) and bear the efforts connected to the operation of the whole roof; the diameter and the length of these screws (123) are therefore particularly limited with respect to the conventional solutions because the roof provided by the invention is of the light type and also because the thickness of the insulating material is limited, as described above.
  • screws (123) are sufficient having a length of about 120 mm with a diameter of 6.5 mm; in particular, we remind that in the construction systems of the conventional type and with equal insulating effectiveness there is a length which is at least double of said screws, for the purpose of crossing insulating panels having a thickness of at least 20 cm and with diameters consequently suitable for the efforts.
  • this invention provides that, in the case of concrete load-bearing beams, said screws are of a length of about 100 mm with a diameter of 7.5 mm; in the case of a metal load-bearing structure, on the other hand, it is sufficient to have screws of a length of about 80 mm with a diameter of 6.3 mm.
  • the invention (10, 20), in the preferred embodiment configuration ( Fig. 1-2 ), provides that said omega-shaped metal elements (120) constituting the first framework are placed and fixed with the through-screws (123), in correspondence of the plane of connection (124) between one panel and the other, having a distance between centres of 120 cm.
  • said omega-shaped sections (120) having the hollow facing upwards are filled with a filling element (130) of insulating material, for the purpose of closing all their free volume and ensure a homogenous thermal insulation on the whole surface of the roof; said filling element, being of a thermal-insulating material equivalent to the panels (110), such as said PUR or PIR, in the form of countershaped splines or foam ( Fig. 1-2 ).
  • said insulated omega-shaped sections (120, 130) are sealed with a special butylic tape (131) in such a way that the extrados surface (115) of the whole insulating layer, which is formed by said superficial coating (111) of the type called facer of aluminium, with said butylic tape (131) applied in correspondence of each metal element of the first framework, form a completely waterproof layer and is also homogenous in the shape and in the behaviour; it is observed that advantageously said extrados is substantially coplanar, with only the wings (122) of each metal element (120) of the first framework that protrude from their thickness to facilitate the fixing of the successively superimposed framework.
  • said second omega-shaped metal elements (140) are fixed in an orthogonal direction with respect to them and directed towards the opposite side, or with the respective wings (122, 142) in adherence to facilitate the support and the fixing with mechanical elements (143), preferably forming a ventilation chamber (144) having a height of 6 cm.
  • the upper closing layer (150) for example a supporting boarding for a roof covering (210) made up of Canadian tiles.
  • said first omega-shaped metal elements (120) are made of galvanized sheet having a thickness of 6/10 mm and a height of 6 cm, while said second omega-shaped metal elements (140) are of a section having a thickness of 10/10 mm and a height of 6 cm.
  • Particularly suitable for the invention is a closing layer (150) made of wooden panels with oriented scales of the type called Plywood Osb, the English acronym for oriented strand board, said scales being glued with synthetic resin and pressed in various layers also with crossed orientation for greater resistance; preferably, one uses panels having a thickness of 15 mm and also impregnated with a polyurethane additive having a protective and fire-retardant function.
  • a closing layer made of wooden panels with oriented scales of the type called Plywood Osb, the English acronym for oriented strand board, said scales being glued with synthetic resin and pressed in various layers also with crossed orientation for greater resistance; preferably, one uses panels having a thickness of 15 mm and also impregnated with a polyurethane additive having a protective and fire-retardant function.
  • said package obtains an average value of soundproofing of 41 dB, and also obtains a fire reaction class of B - s1 - d0 from the internal side and of B - roof - t1 from the external side.
  • the solution as in Example 1 can have the plasterboard panel (100) that is of the type in class A2 of reaction to fire, of the single layer type or even double layer type, for a thickness of at least 15 mm.
  • said Plywood panel (150), of the Osb type is impregnated with a polyurethane additive having a protective and fire-retardant function in such a way as to allow to resist to flame resistance tests for at least 5 minutes.
  • said plasterboard panel (100) of class A1 is coupled to the insulating panel (110) through the use of a polyurethane glue, for example of the type marketed by the Italian company Collanti Concorde S.r.l. Vittorio Veneto (TV) (www.collanticoncorde.it) under the name of Protopur AE100, alternatively by means of the use of a vinylic glue, for example of the type marketed by the company Pigal S.p.A. Crespellano (BO) (www.pigal.it) under the name of VINIL 303.
  • a polyurethane glue for example of the type marketed by the Italian company Collanti Concorde S.r.l. Vittorio Veneto (TV) (www.collanticoncorde.it) under the name of Protopur AE100
  • a vinylic glue for example of the type marketed by the company Pigal S.p.A. Crespellano (BO) (www.pigal.it) under the name of VINIL
  • said plasterboard panel (100) of class A1 is installed in place in a double layer, in such a way that said soundproofing power in place increases by two more decibels.
  • said integrated system (10) can include a base layer (100) made up of decorative panels, such as a wooden boarding of machined plates or matchboards with the aesthetically valuable exposed face (101), instead of said plasterboard panels; with respect to said first example, the values obtained in the thermo-hygrometric tests remain equivalent.
  • said integrated system (10) can be without said first base layer (100).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Système intégré (10) d'isolation, de ventilation et de fixage pour un toit (20) de bâtiment, placé entre la structure porteuse (200) du toit et la couverture de toit (210), qui comprend du bas vers le haut au moins:
    • une couche de base éventuelle (100), pour le soutien du panneau isolant;
    • un panneau isolant (110), pourvu d'une couche protective sur les faces inférieure et supérieure et également pourvu d'une feuillure latérale en correspondance du bord de connexion au panneau adjacent;
    • un premier élément métallique, partiellement inclus dans l'épaisseur du panneau et fixé à ladite structure porteuse du toit pour former une première charpente;
    • une couche de fermeture éventuelle (150), pour le soutien de la couverture de toit (210);
    où ledit panneau isolant (110) a, à l'extrados (115), sur deux bords l'un en face de l'autre, des feuillures latérales (112) en forme de "L" (112) symétriques l'une de l'autre de façon à obtenir, en les joignant frontalement en adhérence sur le bord de connexion (113) entre deux panneaux isolants adjacents (110), une rainure rectiligne et continue ayant une section en "U" tournée vers le haut étant symétrique par rapport au plan de connexion (114); lesdites feuillures latérales en forme de "L" (112) étant placées dans une direction parallèle à la ligne de gouttière du toit (20); ledit premier élément métallique (120) étant intégré dans lesdites feuillures latérales en forme de "L" (112) entre des panneaux isolants adjacents (110), ayant une section en forme d'oméga substantiellement correspondante auxdites feuillures adjacentes pour être inséré dedans en adhérence avec la tête (121) tournée vers le bas et les ailes (122) se trouvant à l'extérieur sur ladite couche protective (111); ledit premier élément métallique en forme d'oméga (120) étant fixé à ladite structure porteuse (200) à partir de l'intérieur de la tête (121), avec des vis passantes (123) sur le plan de connexion (114) entre des panneaux isolants adjacents (110), de façon à traverser l'épaisseur du métal et du matériel isolant sous cela en correspondance dudit bord de connexion (113) et au même temps fixant solidement lesdits panneaux contigus pressant également leur bord de façon continue et homogène par lesdites ailes (122); et où dans ledit premier élément métallique (120) il y a un élément de remplissage (130) ayant une fonction d'isolation et de fermeture; ledit système intégré (10) étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au-dessus du premier élément métallique un deuxième élément métallique, de ventilation, fixé en adhérence sur ledit premier élément de façon orthogonale à ce dernier pour former une deuxième charpente et pour créer une chambre de ventilation sous ladite couverture de toit, et où lesdites feuillures en forme de "L" (112) ont une profondeur qui laisse sous elles une épaisseur de matériel isolant entre 2 cm et 6 cm en correspondance du bord de connexion (113); où sur ledit élément métallique isolé de cette façon (120) un produit d'étanchéité du type de bande butyle (131) est appliqué; et où, en adhérence sur ladite bande butyle (131) déjà appliquée sur ledit premier élément métallique (120), ledit deuxième élément métallique (140) de ventilation est fixé orthogonalement à cela ou dans la direction d'inclination maximale et a une section en forme d'oméga avec la tête (141) tournée vers le haut et les ailes (142) tournées vers le bas de façon à être mécaniquement fixées aux ailes sous-jacentes (122) dudit premier élément métallique (120).
  2. Système intégré pour des toits selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit panneau isolant (110) est une plaque d'un matériel mousse du type de polyuréthane avec un revêtement protectif d'aluminium sur les faces inférieure et supérieure; et où ledit panneau isolant (110) a une épaisseur globale de 10 cm et une épaisseur sous ladite feuillure (112) de 4 cm en correspondance du bord de contact (113) entre panneaux adjacents; et où ledit premier élément métallique en forme d'oméga (120) est d'une feuille galvanisée ayant une épaisseur de 6/10 mm et une hauteur de 6 cm; et où ledit deuxième élément métallique (140) en forme d'oméga est une section ayant une épaisseur de 10/10 mm et une hauteur de 6 cm; et où la distance entre les centres entre lesdits éléments métalliques en forme d'oméga (120) de la première charpente est de 120 cm.
  3. Système intégré pour des toits selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que ladite couche de base (100) est un panneau de plaque de plâtre, collé au panneau isolant (110), de façon à fournir stabilité et rigidité.
  4. Toit de construction (20) qui, du bas vers le haut, a une stratigraphie qui comprend:
    • une structure porteuse (200), alternativement du type continu de plaque ou du type discontinu avec des poutres parallèles disposées dans la direction d'inclination maximale, c'est à dire, orthogonale par rapport à la ligne de gouttière;
    • une couche de base (100), soutenant les panneaux isolants (110);
    • des panneaux isolants (110), d'un matériel mousse rigide couplé sur les faces supérieure et inférieure avec une couche protective (111), à l'extrados (115) pourvus d'une feuillure latérale en forme de "L" (112) sur deux bords opposés de façon à obtenir, sur le plan de connexion (114) entre deux panneaux adjacents, une rainure continue ayant une section en "U" et une profondeur qui laisse sous elle une épaisseur de matériel isolant entre 2 cm et 6 cm en correspondance du bord de connexion (113); lesdites feuillures latérales en forme de "L" (112) étant disposées dans une direction parallèle à la ligne de gouttière du toit (20) avec une distance constante entre les centres, étant déterminée par la largeur du panneau isolant (110);
    • une première charpente composée de premiers éléments métalliques en forme d'oméga (120) parallèles l'un à l'autre, insérés en adhérence entre lesdites feuillures (112) avec la tête (121) tournée vers le bas et avec les ailes (122) vers le haut qui restent à l'extérieur et disposées sur ladite couche protective (111), lesdits éléments métalliques (120) étant fixés avec des vis passantes (123), à partir de l'intérieur de ladite tête (121) à la structure porteuse sous-jacente (200);
    • un élément de remplissage (130) d'un matériel isolant, qui ferme lesdits éléments métalliques en forme d'oméga (120);
    • une bande butyle (131), qui ferme à partir de la partie supérieure lesdits éléments métalliques en forme d'oméga (120) isolés ;
    • une deuxième charpente composée de deuxièmes éléments métalliques en forme d'oméga (140) parallèles l'un à l'autre, de ventilation, disposée dans une direction orthogonale par rapport auxdits éléments métalliques (120) de la première charpente ou dans la direction d'inclination maximale du toit (20), avec la tête (141) tournée vers le haut de façon à poser et fixer ses propres ailes (142) auxdites ailes sous-jacentes (122);
    • une couche de fermeture (150) soutenant la couverture de toit;
    • une couverture de toit d'imperméabilisation (210).
  5. Toit de bâtiment (20) selon la revendication 4, où ledit panneau isolant (110) est une plaque d'un matériel mousse du type de polyuréthane avec un revêtement protectif en aluminium sur les faces supérieure et inférieure; et où ledit panneau isolant (110) a une épaisseur globale de 10 cm et une épaisseur sous ladite feuillure (112) de 4 cm en correspondance du bord de contact (113) entre panneaux adjacents; et où lesdits premiers éléments métalliques en forme d'oméga (120) sont de feuille galvanisée ayant une épaisseur de 6/10 mm et une hauteur de 6 cm; et où lesdits deuxièmes éléments métalliques en forme d'oméga (140) sont une section ayant une épaisseur de 10/10 mm et une hauteur de 6 cm; et où la distance entre les centres entre lesdits éléments métalliques en forme d'oméga (120) de la première charpente est de 120 cm.
  6. Toit de bâtiment (20) selon les revendications 4 et 5, où ladite couche de base (100) est du type protectif de panneaux de plaque de plâtre du type classe A1 de réaction au feu, en une seule couche ou couche double, pour une épaisseur d'au moins 15 mm.
  7. Toit de bâtiment (20) selon les revendications 4 à 5, où ladite couche de base (100) est du type protectif de panneaux de plaque de plâtre du type classe A2 de réaction au feu, en une seule couche ou alternativement en une couche double, pour une épaisseur d'au moins 15 mm.
  8. Toit de bâtiment (20) selon les revendications 4 et 5, où ladite couche de base (100) est du type décoratif de planches en bois.
  9. Toit de bâtiment (20) selon les revendications 4 et 5, où ladite couche de fermeture (150) est de panneaux du type appelé contreplaqué - Osb également imprégné avec un additif de polyuréthane ou de vinyle ayant une fonction protectrice et de retardateur de flamme.
  10. Toit de bâtiment (20) selon les revendications 4 et 5, où ladite couverture de toit (210) est du type continu avec gaine bitumineuse et/ou tuiles canadiennes.
  11. Toit de bâtiment (20) selon les revendications 4 et 5, où ladite couverture de toit (210) est du type discontinu avec tuiles ou bardeaux soutenus par des liteaux transversaux.
  12. Toit de bâtiment (20) selon les revendications 4 et 5, où ledit élément de remplissage (130) est d'un matériel isolant thermique équivalent auxdits panneaux, en forme de petites cannelures contre-profilées ou mousse.
  13. Toit de bâtiment (20) selon les revendications 4 et 5, où entre les poutres de la structure porteuse (200) au-dessous de ladite couche de base (100) une couche fonctionnelle additionnelle est intégrée pour l'isolation et/ou l'absorption acoustique qui est composée d'une structure de plaque de plâtre enfermée avec des laines minérales dedans, en forme d'un plafond faux.
EP14002728.5A 2014-08-05 2014-08-05 Système intégré d'isolation, de ventilation et de fixation pour un toit Not-in-force EP2982809B1 (fr)

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EP3467230B1 (fr) * 2017-10-06 2020-08-12 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Ensemble doté d'une tôle profilée et d'un élément de protection contre l'incendie et/ou de protection acoustique ainsi qu'élément de protection contre l'incendie et/ou de protection acoustique permettant de former un ensemble

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DE3622648A1 (de) 1986-07-05 1988-01-21 Maerkische Bauelemente Gmbh Plattenfoermiges verbundelement fuer bauzwecke
DE3634521A1 (de) * 1986-10-10 1988-04-14 Guenter Spiekermann Fassaden- und/oder dacheindeckungselement in schichtbauweise
DE4338503A1 (de) 1993-11-11 1995-05-18 Andreas Decker Unterdachkonstruktion
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JPH09170317A (ja) 1995-12-20 1997-06-30 Watanabe Kogyo Kk システム屋根構造
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