EP2981363B1 - Device and method for separating magnetizable particles from a fluid - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a device for separating magnetizable particles from a pourable and / or free-flowing fluid to be cleaned.

The EP 1 000 663 A1 discloses an apparatus for separating magnetisable particles from a pourable and / or flowable fluid to be cleaned, the apparatus comprising a housing having an unpurified fluid inlet and a cleaned fluid outlet and a magnet assembly, the magnet assembly being penetrated by a sleeve of one Fluid chamber is separated in the housing.

The FR 2 722 120 A1 discloses a device for separating magnetizable particles from a pourable or flowable fluid to be cleaned according to the preamble of claim 1.

The US 2004/020835 A1 discloses a device comprising a housing having an inlet for fluid and an outlet for fluid and a magnet arrangement, wherein the magnet arrangement is separated by a sleeve from a fluid chamber through which the fluid flows, and wherein this sleeve is provided with a conductive coil on its outside facing away from the magnet arrangement is provided.

The present invention has for its object to provide such a device which allows the implementation of a deposition process with high selectivity at the same time high throughput of fluid to be cleaned.

This object is achieved by a device according to claim 1.

The magnet arrangement makes it possible to deposit the magnetizable particles to be separated with high selectivity from the fluid to be cleaned.

Particular embodiments of a device according to the invention are the subject of the dependent claims 2 to 10.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the housing contains a pressure-tight fluid chamber through which the fluid can flow.

It is particularly favorable if the fluid chamber is pressure-tight at an internal pressure which corresponds to an overpressure with respect to the atmosphere surrounding the device of at least about 1 bar, preferably at least about 2 bar, for example at least about 3 bar.

In a particular embodiment of the device, it is provided that the magnet arrangement comprises at least one magnet coil, preferably two or more magnet coils.

It is preferably provided that the magnet assembly is rotatable relative to the housing about an axis of rotation.

The axis of rotation can in principle have any orientation with respect to the vertical.

It is preferably provided that the axis of rotation of the magnet arrangement is aligned substantially vertically.

Each magnetic coil may comprise a plurality of magnetic elements, which are fixed to a holding element, in particular to a support shaft, for example in the form of a rod or a drum.

It is preferably provided that the magnetic elements are integrally connected to a holding element, in particular a holding shaft, for example glued, are.

In order to achieve the largest possible contact area between the magnetic elements and the support shaft, it can be provided that the magnet arrangement comprises a support shaft with a polygonal cross section.

The polygonal cross section preferably has at least 12, in particular at least 24, corners.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the magnet arrangement comprises magnetic elements following one another in an axial direction of the magnet arrangement, the mean axial spacing S being between two each successive magnetic elements at least about 10%, in particular at least about 20%, the average axial extent L of the magnetic elements is.

As a result, a good depth effect of the magnetic field generated by the magnet arrangement is achieved.

In order to keep the adhesive force exerted by the magnet arrangement on magnetizable particles as large as possible, it is further preferably provided that the mean axial distance S between any two successive magnetic elements is at most approximately 40%, in particular at most approximately 30%, of the mean axial extent L of the magnetic elements is.

In order to avoid that the fluid to be cleaned and the magnetizable particles contained therein come into contact with the magnet arrangement, it is provided that the magnet arrangement is separated from the fluid chamber by a sleeve.

Such a sleeve is preferably formed of a non-magnetic material so that the magnetic field generated by the magnet assembly can extend through the sleeve into the fluid chamber.

The magnetizable particles contained in the fluid to be separated during operation of the device on an outer side of the sleeve.

When the magnet assembly includes a magnet coil and is rotated relative to the sleeve, a force is applied to the magnetizable particles deposited on the sleeve which moves the particles along the sleeve to an end portion of the sleeve.

The movement of the particles along the sleeve can be guided in a simple manner in that the sleeve is provided on its outside facing away from the magnet assembly with a guide element projecting from the outside, namely with at least one conductive coil.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the sleeve is provided with a plurality of conductive filaments, which are each assigned to a particle-removal region of the sleeve.

In this way, the particles deposited on the sleeve can be guided in a targeted manner to a plurality of particle removal areas.

The apparatus comprises at least one removal device that moves magnetizable particles from a particle removal region of the sleeve to a particle collection region of the device.

The acceptance device comprises at least one take-off magnet.

The take-off magnet is preferably bringable into a removal position, in which the attraction force acting on the magnetizable particles in a particle removal area by the take-off magnet predominates over the magnetic force acting on the particle, so that the particles present in the particle take-off area are released from the sleeve ,

Furthermore, the take-off magnet is preferably movable into a rest position, in which the take-off magnet does not detach particles from the particle take-off region of the sleeve.

The device according to the invention preferably comprises a drive device, by means of which the take-off magnet is movable from the rest position into the take-off position and from the take-off position into the rest position.

Such a drive device may in particular comprise a linear drive for the take-off magnet.

As the take-off magnet moves from the take-off position to the rest position, the magnetizable particles released from the sleeve follow the take-off magnet, causing the particles to pass from the particle take-off area to the particle collection area of the device.

In order to avoid that when the removal magnet is moved back from the rest position into the removal position, particles located in the particle collection region are moved back into the particle removal region, it is preferably provided that at least one removal device comprises at least one retention element, which moves back particles from the particle collection region prevented to the sleeve.

Such a retaining element may in particular be designed as a, preferably essentially strip-shaped, deflector element.

In order for the entire volume of fluid to be cleaned to flow past the magnet assembly so that the magnetizable particles can be separated from the fluid, it is advantageous if the device comprises a guide tube surrounding the sleeve and fluid can be flowed through.

The intermediate space between the guide tube and the sleeve then forms a fluid channel through which fluid can flow.

It has proved to be favorable when the guide tube is bevelled at an inlet end of the guide tube, at which the fluid enters the guide tube.

In this case, provision may in particular be made for a region of the inlet-side end of the guide tube facing the inlet of the housing to be lower than a region remote from the inlet.

Preferably, the guide tube connects an inlet side fluid space and an outlet side fluid space with each other.

In order to achieve that the entire volume of the fluid to be cleaned passes through the fluid channel between the guide tube and the sleeve, it is favorable if the inlet-side fluid space and the outlet-side fluid space are separated by a partition wall.

Such a partition is preferably at least partially inclined with respect to an axial direction of the fluid pipe and / or relative to the vertical and / or relative to the horizontal.

The guide tube preferably has a closed jacket wall, so that the fluid can enter the guide tube only through an inlet-side inlet opening and / or can emerge from the guide tube only through an outlet-side outlet opening.

The above-described special features of the guide tube and the partition wall contribute to making the flow of the fluid through the fluid chamber more uniform and avoiding any dead spaces in which the fluid to be cleaned remains without leaving the fluid chamber.

The present invention further relates to a method for separating magnetizable particles from a pourable and / or flowable fluid to be cleaned.

The present invention has the further object of providing such a method which enables a high selectivity of the deposition process and at the same time a high throughput.

This object is achieved by a method for separating magnetizable particles from a pourable and / or free-flowing fluid to be purified according to claim 11.

It is particularly advantageous if the device used for carrying out the method for separating the magnetizable particles from the fluid to be cleaned according to one of claims 1 to 10 is formed.

Furthermore, the device according to the invention is particularly suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention.

The pourable and / or free-flowing fluid or good to be purified can be, in particular, a gas, a liquid, a pourable and / or free-flowing ensemble of solid particles or a mixture of a plurality of such constituents.

The pourable and / or flowable fluid or material to be purified can be in any form obtained in industrial or other applications.

For example, the pourable and / or free-flowing fluid to be purified can be a fluid obtained in a paint shop, in particular a paint shop for vehicle bodies, for example a degreasing bath solution of a paint shop.

As magnetizable particles which are contained in the fluid to be cleaned, metallic magnetizable impurities of any kind come into consideration, for example iron filings or welding beads.

The fluid to be cleaned may be a liquid which contains, inter alia, water, fats and / or rust and the magnetizable particles to be separated.

The device according to the invention and the method according to the invention can be used not only in the field of painting, but also in other technical fields, for example in the field of paper production.

The device according to the invention and the method according to the invention can be operated continuously.

In particular, it may be provided that the fluid to be purified is also supplied to the inlet of the device during the phases in which magnetizable particles separated from the fluid by means of the magnet arrangement are removed from the device by an outlet valve.

The device of the invention is simple and can be produced at low cost.

The device according to the invention has low wear and minimal corrosion of the components contained.

The fluid chamber through which the fluid can flow is constructed as a closed system.

The device according to the invention can be operated continuously. It can thus continuously flow without interruption, a stream of fluid to be cleaned in a fluid chamber of the device and at another point also flow out again.

Alternatively, the device may at least temporarily be put out of operation during production stoppages, for maintenance purposes and / or in further production phases. A continuous operation takes place in particular during the phases in which magnetizable particles are to be separated from a fluid. Such phases can be limited in time.

Metallic contaminants contained in the fluid may be collected in a lock chamber and intermittently drained through an exhaust valve.

The exhaust valve may open at time intervals.

Additionally or alternatively, it can be provided that the outlet valve is controlled in accordance with a control in which the state of a particle removal region and / or a particle collection region of the device is detected by a sight glass from the outside.

The Leitwendel and / or the Leitwendeln the device may consist of stainless steel.

The Leitwendel or the Leitwendeln are in direct contact with the fluid to be cleaned. They exert a conveying effect on the fluid, but in particular on the magnetizable particles to be deposited, in the direction of a lock or a particle removal area. This results in an increase in throughput.

The Leitwendel or Leitwendeln can be fixed; Alternatively, however, they can also rotate and in particular with a rod or a support shaft of the magnet assembly and the magnetic elements of the magnet assembly be rotatably formed.

To control the rotational movement of the magnet arrangement, the movement of the take-off magnet and / or the flow of the fluid to be cleaned by the device, the device is preferably provided with a control device and / or connected to a higher-level control device.

The device according to the invention and the method according to the invention can offer the advantage that no moving parts come into contact with the fluid to be cleaned, in particular no parts of the magnet arrangement or the removal device.

The magnetizable particles collected in the device can be ejected from the device without interruption of fluid flow through the device.

Further features and advantages of the invention are the subject of the following description and the drawings of exemplary embodiments.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung zum Abscheiden von magnetisierbaren Partikeln aus einem zu reinigenden Fluid;

Fig. 2

eine Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung aus Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

eine Draufsicht von oben auf die Vorrichtung aus Fig. 2;

Fig. 4

einen vertikalen Längsschnitt durch die Vorrichtung aus den Fig. 1 bis 3, längs der Linie IV - IV in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5

eine Seitenansicht einer Magnetanordnung der Vorrichtung aus den Fig. 1 bis 4;

Fig. 6

einen Querschnitt durch die Magnetanordnung aus Fig. 5;

Fig. 7

eine Seitenansicht einer die Magnetanordnung umgebenden Hülse mit mehreren, beispielsweise drei, Leitwendeln an einem abnahmeseitigen Endbereich der Hülse, von denen sich eine entlang der Hülse von dem abnahmeseitigen Endbereich weg in einen Abscheidebereich der Hülse erstreckt;

Fig. 8

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Ausschleusteils der Vorrichtung aus den Fig. 1 bis 4 mit einem Auslassventil zum Austragen der gesammelten Partikel und mit mehreren, beispielsweise drei, Abnahmeeinrichtungen zum Bewegen der magnetisierbaren Partikel von Partikel-Abnahmebereichen der Hülse zu einem Partikelsammelbereich der Vorrichtung;

Fig. 9

eine Seitenansicht des Ausschleusteils aus Fig. 8;

Fig. 10

eine Draufsicht von oben auf den Ausschleusteil aus den Fig. 8 und 9;

Fig. 11

einen schematischen vertikalen Längsschnitt durch den Ausschleusteil aus den Fig. 8 bis 10; und

Fig. 12

einen vertikalen Längsschnitt durch eine zweite Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zum Abscheiden von magnetisierbaren Partikeln aus einem zu reinigenden Fluid.

In the drawings show:

Fig. 1

a perspective view of an apparatus for separating magnetizable particles from a fluid to be cleaned;

Fig. 2

a side view of the device Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 3

a top view of the device from above Fig. 2 ;

Fig. 4

a vertical longitudinal section through the device of the Fig. 1 to 3 , along the line IV - IV in Fig. 3 ;

Fig. 5

a side view of a magnet assembly of the device of the Fig. 1 to 4 ;

Fig. 6

a cross section through the magnet assembly Fig. 5 ;

Fig. 7

a side view of a sleeve surrounding the magnet assembly with a plurality, for example, three, Leitwendeln on a take-away side end portion of the sleeve, one of which extends along the sleeve from the take-off side end portion in a deposition region of the sleeve;

Fig. 8

a perspective view of a Ausschleusteils the device of the Fig. 1 to 4 an outlet valve for discharging the collected particles and having a plurality of, for example, three, take-off means for moving the magnetizable particles from particle-receiving regions of the sleeve to a particle-collecting region of the device;

Fig. 9

a side view of the Ausschleusteils Fig. 8 ;

Fig. 10

a plan view from above of the Ausschleusteil from the Fig. 8 and 9 ;

Fig. 11

a schematic vertical longitudinal section through the Ausschleusteil from the Fig. 8 to 10 ; and

Fig. 12

a vertical longitudinal section through a second embodiment of an apparatus for separating magnetizable particles from a fluid to be cleaned.

Identical or functionally equivalent elements are denoted by the same reference numerals in all figures.

One in the Fig. 1 to 11 As shown at 100, apparatus for separating magnetizable particles from a fluid to be cleaned includes a housing 102 having an unpurified fluid inlet 104 and a cleaned fluid outlet 106 and a magnet assembly 108 rotatably disposed within the housing 102 Individual in the Fig. 5 and 6 is shown.

The housing 102 is preferably pressure-tight and may receive a fluid having an overpressure (relative to the atmosphere surrounding the device 100) of at least about 1 bar, preferably at least about 2 bar, more preferably at least about 4 bar.

The inlet 104 preferably has an elliptical or oval flow-through cross section (taken perpendicular to an inflow direction 110).

The outlet 106 preferably has an elliptical or oval flow-through cross-section (taken perpendicular to an outflow direction 112).

An axial direction 114 of the device 100 is aligned parallel to a rotation axis 116 of the magnet arrangement 108.

The axial direction 114 and the axis of rotation 116 are preferably oriented substantially vertically.

The inflow direction 110 and / or the outflow direction 112 may be aligned substantially horizontally or inclined relative to the horizontal.

How best Fig. 3 As can be seen, the inlet 104 and / or the outlet 106 is preferably aligned substantially radially with respect to the axis of rotation 116.

The inlet 104 and the outlet 106 are arranged on a, preferably substantially cylindrical, jacket body 118 of the housing 102.

In this case, the inlet 104 and the outlet 106 can be arranged on the casing body 118 in substantially the same angular position with respect to the axis of rotation 116.

In principle, however, the inlet 104 and the outlet 106 can also be arranged at mutually different angular positions with respect to the axis of rotation 116 on the jacket body 118, for example at an angular distance of approximately 180 °, so that the inlet 104 and the outlet 106 are diametrically opposed to each other located opposite sides of the sheath body 118.

Preferably, the inlet 104 and the outlet 106 are spaced apart in the axial direction 114.

In this case, the inlet 104 is preferably arranged above the outlet 106, so that the housing 102 of the device 100 is flowed through by the fluid to be cleaned from top to bottom.

In principle, however, it could also be provided that the inlet 104 is arranged below the outlet 106, so that the housing 102 of the device 100 is flowed through by the fluid to be cleaned from bottom to top.

Further, the housing 102 includes a plurality, for example three, support feet 120, with which the device 100 can be set up on a (not shown) underground.

The support legs 120 are preferably arranged on the jacket body 118 of the housing 102.

The housing 102 may be further provided with one or more, for example three, lifting lugs 122, through which, for example during transport of the device 100, a securing means, for example a chain, can be passed.

The at least one lifting eyelet 122 is preferably materially connected to the sheath body 118 and to a support leg 120, as a result of which the respective support leg 120 is additionally mechanically stabilized.

Like from the 4 to 6 It can be seen, in the housing 102 about the rotation axis 116 rotatably arranged magnet assembly 108 comprises a support shaft 124, for example in the form of a drum or a rod, which is provided on its lateral surface 126 with a plurality, for example two, magnetic coils 128.

Each of the magnetic coils 128 comprises magnetic elements 130 which follow each other along the magnetic coil 128 and which each have a magnetic positive pole and a negative magnetic pole.

In this case, the magnetic elements 130a of the first magnetic coil 128a are arranged on the support shaft 124 such that their magnetic negative pole points in the radial direction away from the axis of rotation 116 of the magnet arrangement 108, while the magnet elements 130b of the second magnet coil 128b are arranged on the support shaft 124 in that the respective positive magnetic pole points away from the axis of rotation 116 of the magnet arrangement 108 in the radial direction to the outside.

The two oppositely poled magnetic coils 128a and 128b are offset from each other in the axial direction 114 so that the gears of the second magnetic coil 128b are located in the spaces between the gears of the first magnetic coil 128a.

The pitch G of each magnetic helix 128 is twice the extent L of a magnetic element 130 along the axial direction 114 plus twice the gap width S of the gap 132 between magnetic elements 130 of different magnetic helices 128 (G = 2 L + 2 S) following each other in the axial direction 114.

As the gap width S is increased, the depth effect of the magnetic field generated by the magnet assembly 108 increases, that is, the magnetic flux density decreases less rapidly in the radial direction of the magnet assembly 108.

On the other hand, as the gap width S increases, the adhesive force with which magnetisable particles are attracted by the magnet arrangement 108 decreases.

It has proved to be favorable if the gap width S between each two magnetic elements 130 following one another in the axial direction 114 is at least approximately 10%, particularly preferably at least approximately 20%, of the axial extent L of the magnetic elements 130.

Furthermore, it has proved favorable if the gap width S is at most approximately 50%, in particular at most approximately 40%, particularly preferably at most approximately 30%, of the axial extent L of the magnetic elements 130.

For example, the axial extent L of the magnetic elements 130 may be about 40 mm and the gap width S about 8 mm.

This results in an exemplary pitch of the magnet coils 128 of about 96 mm.

The magnetic elements 130 comprise a permanent magnetic material, in particular a rare earth material, for example NdFeB.

The magnetic elements 130 may be provided with a coating, for example of a plastic material.

The magnetic elements 130 are magnetized in the radial direction of the magnet assembly 108.

The magnetic elements 130 are preferably materially connected to the support shaft 124.

In particular, it can be provided that the magnetic elements 130 are connected by adhesive bonding to the support shaft 124.

In order to achieve the largest possible contact surface between the magnetic elements 130 and the lateral surface 126 of the support shaft 124, it is preferably provided that the support shaft 124 has a polygonal cross section (taken perpendicular to the axial direction 114) (see Fig. 6 ).

In particular, it can be provided that the cross section of the support shaft 124 is an n-corner with n = 12 or more, more preferably n = 18 or more, for example n = 24 or more.

How out Fig. 6 As can be seen, the edge length of the magnetic elements 130 in the circumferential direction of the lateral surface 126 substantially corresponds to the edge length of the polygon, which forms the cross section of the support shaft 124, so that adjacent boundary edges of the magnetic elements 130 of the same magnetic coil 128 preferably touch each other.

At a first, drive-side end portion 134, the support shaft 124 is provided with a drive-side journal 136, on which the support shaft 124 by means of a roller bearing 138 (see Fig. 4 ) is rotatably mounted about the axis of rotation 116 on a housing cover 140 of the housing 102 of the device 100.

The roller bearing 138 may be formed in particular as a ball bearing.

At a drive-side end portion 134 opposite take-off-side end portion 142, the support shaft 124 is provided with a take-off side bearing pin 144, on which the support shaft 124 by means of a rolling element bearing 146 (see Fig. 4 ) is rotatably mounted about the axis of rotation 116 on an end wall 148 of a sleeve 152 surrounding the magnet arrangement 108 and separating from a fluid chamber 150 of the device 100.

The drive-side journal 136 is coupled to a rotary drive 154, by means of which the support shaft 124 and thus the entire magnet assembly 108 is rotatable about the axis of rotation 116.

The rotary drive 154 may comprise, for example, an electric, hydraulic or pneumatic drive motor 156.

In particular, the drive motor 156 may be formed as a geared motor.

The drive speed with which the magnet arrangement 108 is rotated about its axis of rotation 116 is preferably controllable.

In particular, it may be provided that the drive speed of the magnet assembly 108 is at least about 10 revolutions per minute, more preferably at least about 20 revolutions per minute.

Further, it is preferably provided that the drive speed of the magnet assembly 108 is at most about 120 revolutions per minute, more preferably at most about 80 revolutions per minute.

To be particularly favorable, a speed of about 40 revolutions per minute has been found.

Seen from the drive side, that is in the in Fig. 5 indicated by the arrow 158, the direction of rotation of the magnetic coils 128 is the counterclockwise direction.

The direction of rotation in which the magnet arrangement 108 is rotated by means of the rotary drive 154 is in the clockwise direction (as viewed in the viewing direction 158, see the arrow 160 in FIG Fig. 6 ).

As a result, it is achieved that the magnetizable particles adhering to the sleeve 152 are moved toward the take-off-side end region 142 of the magnet arrangement 108 by the rotation of the magnet arrangement 108.

In principle, it could also be provided that the direction of rotation of the magnetic coils 128, viewed in the viewing direction 158, is clockwise. In this case, then the magnet assembly 108 would have to be rotated counterclockwise, also seen in the viewing direction 158, in order to move the magnetizable particles adhering to the sleeve 152 to the take-off-side end portion 142 of the magnet assembly 108.

How out Fig. 5 As can be seen, one or more pole extension members 162 may be disposed on the support shaft 124 in the take-off-side end portion 142, which extend the first magnet coil 128a toward the take-off-side end of the magnet assembly 108, but with a reduced magnetic holding force.

The pole extension element 162 or the pole extension elements 162 are preferably formed from a ferromagnetic material, for example made of iron or an iron alloy.

The pole extension element 162 or the pole extension elements 162 may, in particular, have the shape of a strip protruding from the support shaft 124, particularly preferably in helical form.

The pole extension elements 162 cause a reduced magnetic flux density of the magnetic field generated by the magnet arrangement 108 in the removal-side end region 142 of the magnet arrangement 108.

Specifically, the sleeve 152 surrounding the magnet assembly 108 and separating from the fluid chamber 150 is shown in FIG Fig. 7 shown.

The sleeve 152 comprises a substantially hollow cylindrical base body 164 which is formed and arranged substantially coaxially with the axis of rotation 116 of the magnet assembly 108.

At least the main body 164 of the sleeve 152 is preferably formed of a non-magnetic material, such as a stainless steel material, so that the magnetic field generated by the magnet assembly 108 penetrate through the sleeve and can detect the separated magnetizable particles from the fluid.

A drive-side end of the sleeve 152 is fixed to a part of the housing cover 140 so that the sleeve 152 is stationary with respect to the housing 102.

A take-off-side end of the sleeve 152 is closed by the end wall 148, on which the support shaft 124 of the magnet assembly 108 is rotatably mounted.

During operation of the device 100, the magnetizable particles from the fluid to be cleaned, which are attracted to the magnet assembly 108, but the magnet assembly 108 can not reach because of the same surrounding sleeve 152, on the lateral surface 166 of the base body 164 of the sleeve 152 at.

Due to the rotational movement of the magnet arrangement 108 relative to the sleeve 152, the particles accumulated on the sleeve 152 move along the lateral surface 166 in the direction of the take-off-side end region 168 of the sleeve 152.

In order to promote and guide this movement of the magnetizable particles to the take-off-side end portion 168, the sleeve 152 is preferably provided with at least one conductive coil 170, which may be formed in particular strip-shaped and from the outer surface 166 of the sleeve 152, preferably in the radial direction the sleeve 152, extends outwardly.

This conductive filament 170 preferably extends out of the removal-side end region 168 of the sleeve 152 into a separation region 172 of the sleeve 152.

The direction of rotation of the Leitwendel 170 is the direction of rotation of the magnetic coils 128 of the magnet assembly 108 is preferably opposite.

In the embodiment shown in the figures, the direction of rotation of the Leitwendel 170, as seen in the viewing direction 158, so the clockwise direction.

On the other hand, if the direction of rotation of the magnet coils 128, as seen in the viewing direction 158, is the clockwise direction, then the direction of rotation of the guide filament 170, as viewed in the viewing direction 158, is preferably counterclockwise.

The pitch G 'of the Leitwendel 170 preferably substantially coincides with the pitch G of the magnet coils 128 of the magnet assembly 108.

In the removal-side end region 168 of the sleeve 152, one or more conductive filaments 174 are preferably provided, which are arranged offset to the first conductive filament 170 in the axial direction 114 of the device 100.

Each of the conductive filaments 170 and 174 is assigned in each case a removal region 176 of the sleeve 152, to which part of the particle flow is conducted along the lateral surface 166 of the sleeve 152 through the respectively assigned conductive filaments 170 and 174.

As a result, the circumference of the sleeve 152 is divided into the acceptance-side end region 168 by the conductive filaments 170 and 174 in the acceptance-side end region 168, where N corresponds to the total number of conductive filaments 170 and 174 in the take-off-side end region 168.

Also, the conductive coils 170 and 174 are preferably formed of a non-magnetic material, such as a stainless steel material.

The take-away side end portion 168 of the sleeve 152 is of the in the 8 to 11 In detail shown Ausschleusteil 178 of the housing 102 of the device 100 surrounded.

The discharge part 178 comprises a Ausschleusteilflansch 180, with which the discharge part 178 on a Mantelkörperflansch 182 of the shell body 118 of the housing 102 can be fixed (see in particular the Fig. 2 and 4 ).

Starting from the Ausschleusteilflansch 180 extending in the axial direction 114, a removal portion 184 of the Ausschleusteils 178, which surrounds the take-away side end portion 168 of the sleeve 152.

This removal portion 184 is preferably substantially hollow cylindrical and preferably coaxial with the axis of rotation 116 of the magnet assembly 108 is formed and arranged.

In order to be able to check the degree of coverage of the removal regions 176 of the sleeve 152 with deposited magnetisable particles, the removal section 184 can be provided with one or more sight glasses 186.

Preferably, each of the removal areas 176 of the sleeve 152 is assigned a sight glass 186 in each case.

Each sight glass 186 may be associated with an optical sensor.

In particular, it can be provided that by means of such an optical sensor, the occupancy rate of the respectively associated removal region 176 of the sleeve 152 can be detected.

At the end of the removal section 184 facing away from the discharge part flange 180, a collection area section 188 of the discharge part 178 adjoins in the axial direction 114.

The collecting area portion 188 is preferably substantially funnel-shaped and tapers, in particular substantially conically, with increasing distance from the removal portion 184.

The interior of the collecting area portion 188 forms a particle collecting area 190 of the apparatus 100.

In order to be able to remove from the device 100 deposited, magnetizable particles accumulated in the particle collecting area 190, which for example form a sludge arranged in the particle collecting area 190, an outlet valve 192 is provided at a lower end of the collecting area section 188 of the discharge part 178.

The outlet valve 192 may be formed, for example, as a diaphragm valve.

The exhaust valve 192 is opened after reaching a predetermined filling time or after reaching a predetermined degree of filling of the particle collecting portion 190 to discharge particulates accumulated in the particulate collecting portion 190 from the particulate collecting portion 190.

The degree of filling of the particle collecting area 190 is preferably determined by means of a suitable degree of filling sensor, for example an inductive sensor.

In order to remove the magnetizable particles deposited on the sleeve 152 from the removal regions 176 of the sleeve 152 and to move them into the particle collection region 190, a removal device 194 is associated with each acceptance region 176.

Each acceptance device 194 comprises in each case a linear drive 196 and a take-off magnet 198 which, by means of the linear drive 196, returns from a rest position at the level of the particle collection region 190 or below along the axial direction 114 to a removal position at the level of the respectively assigned removal region 176 of the sleeve 152 and from the removal position is movable into the rest position.

The linear drive 196 may be fixed to the Ausschleusteilflansch 180 of the Ausschleusteils 178 of the housing 102.

As a linear drive 196 for the movement of the take-off magnet 198 is basically any drive system into consideration, which allows movement of the take-off magnet in the axial direction 114.

In particular, it may be provided that such a linear drive 196 comprises a linear motor with electrodynamic operating principle, a linear actuator with piezoelectric, electrostatic, electromagnetic, magnetostrictive or thermoelectric operating principle, a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a roller screw, a ball screw or a threaded rod drive.

The linear drive 196 may comprise a protective cover 200, which serves in particular for protection against unintentional engagement in the linear drive 196 and for protection against injuries due to the magnetic field of the take-off magnet 198.

The take-off magnet 198 is formed of a permanent magnetic material, for example, a rare earth material, in particular, a NdFeB material.

When the take-off magnet 198 is in the removal position, the attraction force exerted by the take-off magnet 198 on the magnetizable particles in the take-off region 176 of the sleeve 152 is greater than the holding force exerted on these particles by the magnet assembly 108, in particular in the region of the pole extension elements 162.

These particles are therefore released from the respective removal area 176 of the sleeve 152 and pulled to the inside of the removal portion 184 of the Ausschleusteils 178.

Subsequently, when the take-off magnet 198 is moved from the take-off position to the rest position, the magnetizable particles follow this movement of the take-off magnet 198 in the axial direction 114, whereby the particles pass from the take-off portion 184 into the particle-collecting region 190.

In order to prevent the particles from returning from the particulate collection area 190 to the take-off portion 184 when the take-off magnet 198 is again moved from the rest position to the take-off position, on the inside of the discharge part 178, particularly in the lower end portion of the take-off portion 184, for each Acceptance region 176 each provided an associated retaining element 202, which projects into the interior of the Ausschleusteils 178 and prevents movement of the particles along the inside of the removal portion 184 upwards (see Fig. 11 ).

Such a retaining element 202 may be designed, for example, as a strip-shaped element extending in the circumferential direction of the discharge part 178, projecting from an inner side of the discharge part 178 into its interior, preferably inclined relative to the horizontal and in particular substantially parallel to the collecting area section 188 of the discharge part 178 ,

How best Fig. 4 As can be seen, the housing 102 and the sleeve 152 enclose the fluid chamber through which the fluid to be cleaned flows from the inlet 104 to the outlet 106 of the device 100.

In order to achieve that the entire volume of the fluid to be cleaned passes the sleeve 152 at a sufficiently small distance in order to achieve a separation of the magnetizable particles contained therein on the sleeve 152 by the magnetic attraction of the magnet assembly 108 is in the interior of the housing 102 a sleeve 152 is arranged in sections surrounding guide tube 204.

The guide tube 204 is preferably formed substantially hollow cylindrical and preferably coaxial with the sleeve 152 and formed coaxially with the axis of rotation 116 of the magnet assembly 108 and arranged.

The gap between the inside of the guide tube 204 and the outside of the sleeve 152 forms a fluid channel 206 through which the fluid to be cleaned can flow.

The fluid channel 206 has an inlet opening 208, through which the fluid to be cleaned enters the fluid channel 206, and an outlet opening 210 arranged at the inlet opening 208 opposite the fluid channel 206, through which the cleaned fluid exits from the fluid channel 206.

Between the outside of the guide tube 204 and the inside of the shell body 118 of the housing 102 remains an annular space 212, which is divided by an encircling the guide tube 204 partition 214 into an inlet side annular space 216 and an outlet side annular space 218.

The partition wall 214 is preferably at least partially inclined relative to the horizontal and with respect to the axial direction 114 of the device 100.

Further, the partition 214 is preferably located closer to the inlet 104 than to the outlet 106.

The partition 214 may include a horizontal inclined portion 214a and a substantially horizontally oriented portion 214b adjacent to each other at a crease line (not shown).

The horizontal inclined portion 214 a is preferably disposed on the opposite side of the inlet 104 of the guide tube 204.

The substantially horizontal section 214 b is preferably arranged on the side of the guide tube 204 facing the inlet 104.

In particular, this section 214 b may be arranged essentially at the same axial position as a lower edge of the inlet 104.

The horizontal inclined portion 214a of the partition wall 214 is preferably inclined so as to increase with increasing distance from the inlet 104.

The end face of the guide tube 204 bordering the inlet opening 208 of the fluid channel 206 is preferably bevelled and preferably inclined relative to the horizontal by an angle of at least approximately 10 ° and / or at most approximately 30 °.

The chamfer of the inlet-side end wall of the guide tube 204 is preferably formed such that the edge of the inlet opening 208 of the guide tube 204 adjacent to the inlet 104 is lower than the edge of the inlet opening 208 facing away from the inlet 104.

The end face of the guide tube 204 bordering the outlet opening of the fluid channel 206 is preferably not chamfered and in particular aligned substantially perpendicular to the axial direction 114.

In an alternative embodiment, however, it could also be provided that the end face of the guide tube 204 bordering the outlet opening 210 of the fluid channel 206 is chamfered.

The inlet-side annular space 216 and the part of the fluid chamber 150 located above the guide tube 204 together form an inlet-side fluid space 220.

The outlet side annulus 218 and the portion of the fluid chamber 150 located below the guide tube 204 together form an outlet side fluid space 222.

The inlet 104 for the fluid to be purified opens into the inlet-side fluid space 220.

The inlet-side fluid space 20 opens at the inlet opening 208 into the fluid channel 206.

The fluid channel 206 opens at its outlet opening 210 into the outlet-side fluid space 222.

The outlet-side fluid space 222 opens into the outlet 106.

In order for the fluid to be cleaned to be able to pass through the fluid channel 206, the extension of the conductive coil 170 on the sleeve 152 in the radial direction of the sleeve 152 is less than the distance of the inside of the guide tube 204 from the lateral surface 166 of the sleeve 152.

In order to achieve that as little as possible of the fluid to the take-off-side end portion 168 of the sleeve 152 passes with the removal portions 176, the extension of the Leitwendeln 170 and 174 in the take-away side end portion 168 of the sleeve 152 in the radial direction of the sleeve 152 is substantially the same size as the Distance of the inside of the Ausschleusteils 178 of the housing 102 from the outer surface 166 of the sleeve 152nd

As a result, it is achieved that the conductive filaments 170 and 174 prevent the cleaned fluid from reaching the interior of the discharge part 178 and the particle collecting region 190.

By the above-described embodiment of the fluid chamber 150 with the guide tube 204 and the partition wall 214 is achieved that the entire volume of the fluid chamber 150 is substantially uniformly from the flows through to be cleaned fluid without forming dead spaces in which a volume of fluid remains in operation of the device 100 without leaving the fluid chamber 150 again.

With the apparatus 100 described above for separating magnetisable particles from a pourable and / or free-flowing fluid to be cleaned, a method for separating magnetisable particles from a pourable and / or free-flowing fluid to be cleaned is carried out as follows:
The fluid to be cleaned, in particular a liquid which contains the magnetizable particles to be deposited, is supplied to the fluid chamber 150 of the device 100 via the inlet 104.

The supplied fluid is under an overpressure relative to the atmosphere surrounding the device 100, preferably under an overpressure of about 1 bar and at most about 4 bar.

A particularly favorable working pressure is about 3 bar.

The overpressure of the fluid is generated by means of a fluid pump, not shown, upstream of the device 100.

The fluid to be cleaned may be, for example, a degreasing bath solution of a paint shop.

The fluid to be purified may contain, in particular, iron particles as magnetisable particles.

The particle size is preferably at most about 10 mm, more preferably at most about 1 mm.

Particularly suitable is the device 100 for depositing particles having an average particle size of from about 0.01 mm to about 0.02 mm.

The content of the fluid to be deposited particles is preferably at most about 10 g / l and may be, for example, about 1 g / l.

The temperature of the fluid to be purified is preferably at most about 70 ° C and may be, for example, about 60 ° C.

The fluid to be purified is preferably basic and may, for example, have a pH of about 11.

The throughput of the apparatus 100 is preferably at least about 30 m ³ of fluid to be cleaned per hour and may be, for example, about 60 m ³ of fluid to be cleaned per hour.

The fluid to be cleaned flows through the inlet-side fluid space 220 and then enters through the inlet opening 208 into the fluid passage 206 between the sleeve 152 and the guide tube 204, which flows through the fluid along the axial direction 114 from top to bottom.

The magnet assembly 108 generates a magnetic field which acts through the sleeve 152 on the magnetizable particles in the fluid to be cleaned. Due to the magnetic attraction of the magnet assembly 108, the magnetizable particles are deposited on the sleeve 152.

The magnetic attraction force acting on the magnetizable particles is substantially proportional to the local magnetic flux density of the magnetic field generated by the magnet assembly 108.

The particles deposited on the sleeve 152 are therefore pulled along the lateral surface 166 to regions of increased magnetic flux density, in particular into the regions which are adjacent to the gaps 132 between the magnetic elements 130 of the magnet coils 128.

The rotation of the magnet assembly 108 about the axis of rotation 116 relative to the sleeve 152 causes the regions of increased magnetic flux density to move relative to the sleeve 152. Because of the friction between the particles and the sleeve 152 and / or due to the resistance exerted by the fluid flow, they may contact the sleeve 152 deposited particles of the rotational movement of the regions of increased magnetic flux density do not follow with the same rotational speed; Rather, the particles follow the rotational movement of the magnet assembly 108 slower behind. Due to the lag of the particles behind the rotational movement of the magnet assembly 108 and the helical structure of the magnet assembly 108, a particle is successively attracted to various regions of increased magnetic flux density, which are always closer to the take-off-side end portion 168 of the sleeve 152. This results in a force acting on the particles axial component of the magnetic attraction of the rotating magnet assembly, which is directed in the above-described directions of rotation of the magnet coils 128 and the support shaft 124 down to the take-off-side end portion 168 of the sleeve 152 out.

In addition, the movement of the particles along the sleeve 152 is guided by the conductive coils 170 and 174, so that the magnetizable particles deposited on the sleeve 152 move into the removal regions 176 of the sleeve 152.

As the particles move downwardly along the shell surface 166 of the sleeve 152 and the fluid passage 206 flows through the fluid from top to bottom, the downward movement of the particles along the sleeve 152 downwardly is assisted by the flow of the fluid.

The magnetizable particles that have entered the removal regions 176 of the sleeve 152 are detached from the sleeve 152 by removal processes of the respective associated removal device 194 and moved into the particle collection region 190.

Such a removal operation comprises a movement of the take-off magnet 198 from the rest position to the removal position, a lingering of the take-off magnet 198 in the removal position during a decrease time and then moving back the take-off magnet 198 from the removal position to the rest position, which then during the acceptance time of the take-off magnet 198 reach from the sleeve 152 dissolved particles in the particle collection area 190.

The decrease time is preferably at least about 1 second and may be, for example, about 3 seconds.

The distance between the rest position and the removal position of the take-off magnet 198 is preferably at least about 50 mm and may be, for example, about 100 mm.

The time interval between two removal processes of a take-off device 194 is dependent on the amount of particulates accumulated in the respective associated removal region 176.

Preferably, the acceptance time is selected such that the particle volume dissolved per removal process from the removal region 176 of the sleeve 152 is at most approximately 4 cm ³ , particularly preferably at most approximately 2 cm ³ .

The particulate sludge accumulated in the particulate collection area 190 is removed from the particulate collection area 190 after a predetermined waiting time by opening the exhaust valve 192 for a predetermined purge time.

Such a discharge operation is repeated periodically while the device 100 is operating, preferably continuously.

In particular, the flow through the fluid chamber 150 with the fluid to be cleaned is preferably maintained while the outlet valve 192 is open.

The waiting time and the discharge time are selected so that the capacity of the particle collecting area 190 is not exceeded.

Alternatively, the degree of filling of the particle collecting area 190 with particle sludge can also be determined by a suitable sensor and the outlet valve 192 can be opened when a predetermined degree of filling is reached.

The cleaned fluid from which the magnetizable particles have been deposited as it flows through the fluid channel 206, flows through the exit port 210 of the fluid channel 206 into the outlet side fluid space 222 and thence through the outlet 106 out of the device 100 and can be used for further use ,

An in FIG. 12 illustrated second embodiment of an apparatus for the continuous deposition of magnetizable particles of pourable or flowable material comprises in detail the following components:
The central component is a drum 1. In general, it may be a cylindrical body, such as a rod. This is wrapped by magnetic coils 2. In this case, two magnetic coils are provided, which wrap around the rod 1 parallel to each other. In each case a gap remains between the individual magnets as well as between the two adjacent magnetic coils.

The magnet coils 2 are surrounded by a sleeve 3. The enclosed by sleeve 3 interior is a closed space. This is therefore not affected by the material to be cleaned - here in liquid form.

Sleeve 3 is fixed in the present case. But it can also rotate together with drum 1, for example, in that it is rotatably connected to this. Sleeve 3 has a Leitspirale 3.1.

Sleeve 3 is enclosed by a housing 4. Housing 4 encloses a chamber 5. Chamber 5 is pressure-tight to pressures greater than 1 bar, for example 2, 3, 4 and more bar.

The chamber 5 has at its upper end an inlet 5.1 to be cleaned Good, and at its lower end an outlet 5.2 for cleaned Good.

At the lower end of chamber 5, a lock 6 is connected. Lock 6 encloses a lock room 6.1. At the lower end of the lock 6 is a sludge outlet 6.2. At this a not shown exhaust valve is connected. This can be operated clocked, for example at certain intervals. It is also conceivable to detect the sludge density, for example by a sight glass in the lock 6, by means of an optical sensor. In such a case, the valve is always opened when needed, that is, when a certain sludge density is reached.

Also, the lock 6 may be preceded by an inlet valve which is always closed when the outlet valve opens.

The drum 1 together with the magnet coils 2 is mounted by means of an upper bearing 1.1 and a lower bearing 1.2. It is driven by an electric motor 7.

It may be advantageous to provide a guide tube 8, which encloses the sleeve 3 and forms an annular space 9 together with this.

The lock 6 is surrounded by magnets 10, of which only a single one is shown here. In general, a number of magnets 10 will be grouped around the lock 6, for example three, four and so on. These magnets are used to take over magnetizable metal particles that have accumulated in the lower part of the sleeve 3 during operation. The take-over magnets may be permanent magnets, which can be moved up and down, for example, by means of a linear drive 11. Again, it is conceivable to let the takeover magnets interact in conjunction with the valve at the sludge outlet 6.2, and possibly also with a valve at the sluice inlet.

It is conceivable, a whole system of two or more of the devices according to the FIG. 12 together. The system then includes several of the devices shown. The housing 4 then does not necessarily have to be formed as a cylindrical sleeve. Rather, a single housing may enclose a plurality of devices as shown.

The material to be treated can be liquid. It can consist of crumbly and thus pourable material that is moist or dry.

• Die geschlossene druckdichte Ausführung erlaubt eine hohe Mengenleistung.
• Die Magnetwendeln 2 befinden sich in einem durch die Hülse 3 abgeschlossenen Raum. Sie sind daher nicht von (flüssigem) Gut berührt und somit geschützt gegen Verunreinigungen.
• Aufgrund des Aufbaus arbeitet die Vorrichtung kontinuierlich. Es läuft zu reinigendes Gut ohne Unterbrechung durch die Vorrichtung hindurch, ohne Beeinträchtigung durch den Ausschleusvorgang. Dieser kann jederzeit durchgeführt werden, ohne Beeinträchtigung des Reinigungsvorganges.

The advantages of the device can be summarized as follows:

• The closed pressure-tight design allows a high flow rate.
• The magnetic coils 2 are located in a closed by the sleeve 3 space. They are therefore not affected by (liquid) Good and thus protected against contamination.
• Due to the structure, the device operates continuously. It runs to be cleaned Good without interruption through the device, without being affected by the Ausschleusvorgang. This can be done at any time, without affecting the cleaning process.

Incidentally, the in Fig. 12 illustrated second embodiment of an apparatus for separating magnetizable particles from a fluid to be cleaned in terms of structure, function and method of manufacture with in the Fig. 1 to 11 illustrated in the first embodiment, reference is made to the above description in this regard.

All features of in Fig. 12 illustrated second embodiment can also with the in the Fig. 1 to 11 shown combined first embodiment. Furthermore, all the features of the in the Fig. 1 to 11 illustrated first embodiment with the in Fig. 12 illustrated second embodiment.

Claims (11)

1. Apparatus for separating magnetizable particles out of a pourable and/or flowable fluid to be cleaned, comprising
   a housing (102) with an inlet (104) for uncleaned fluid and an outlet (106) for cleaned fluid and
   a magnet arrangement (108),
   wherein the magnet arrangement (108) is separated from a fluid chamber (150) in the housing (102) by a sleeve (152), and
   wherein the sleeve (152) on its outside facing away from the magnet arrangement (108) is provided with at least one guiding helix (170, 174) for guiding the magnetizable particles along the sleeve (152) to a particle removal region (176) of the sleeve (152),
   characterized in that
   the apparatus comprises at least one removal device (194) by means of which magnetizable particles are moveable from the particle removal region (176) of the sleeve (152) to a particle collection region (190) of the apparatus (100),
   wherein the removal device (194) comprises at least one removal magnet (198).
2. Apparatus in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that the fluid chamber (150) is pressure-tight.
3. Apparatus in accordance with either of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the magnet arrangement (108) comprises at least one magnetic helix (128).
4. Apparatus in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the magnet arrangement (108) comprises a holding shaft (124) with a polygonal cross section.
5. Apparatus in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the magnet arrangement (108) comprises magnet elements (130) following each other in an axial direction (114) of the magnet arrangement (108), wherein the average axial distance (S) between in each case two consecutive magnet elements (130) is at least 10% of the average axial extent (L) of the magnet elements (130).
6. Apparatus in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the sleeve (152) is provided with a plurality of guiding helices (170, 174) which each are associated with a particle removal region (176) of the sleeve (152).
7. Apparatus in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the at least one removal device (194) comprises at least one retaining element (202) which prevents a movement of particles back out of the particle collection region (190) to the sleeve (152).
8. Apparatus in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the apparatus (100) comprises a guide tube (204) which surrounds the sleeve (152) and is able to be flowed through by the fluid.
9. Apparatus in accordance with Claim 8, characterized in that the guide tube (204) is bevelled at an inlet-side end.
10. Apparatus in accordance with either of Claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the guide tube (204) connects an inlet-side fluid space (220) and an outlet-side fluid space (222) to each other, and in that the inlet-side fluid space (220) and the outlet-side fluid space (222) are separated from each other by a dividing wall (214).
11. Method for separating magnetizable particles out of a pourable and/or flowable fluid to be cleaned, comprising the following:

    - introducing the uncleaned fluid into a fluid chamber (150) in a housing (102) of an apparatus (100) for separating the magnetizable particles out of the fluid to be cleaned;

    - separating the magnetizable particles out of the fluid to be cleaned by means of a magnet arrangement (108); and

    - discharging the cleaned fluid from the fluid chamber (150);

    wherein the magnet arrangement (108) is separated from the fluid chamber (150) by a sleeve (152),
    wherein the sleeve (152) on its outside facing away from the magnet arrangement (108) is provided with at least one guiding helix (170, 174) for guiding the magnetizable particles along the sleeve (152) to a particle removal region (176) of the sleeve (152),
    characterized in that magnetizable particles are moved from the particle removal region (176) of the sleeve (152) to a particle collection region (190) of the apparatus (100) by means of at least one removal device (194),
    wherein the removal device (194) comprises at least one removal magnet (198).

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