EP2979562B1 - Cagoule de protection respiratoire - Google Patents

Cagoule de protection respiratoire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2979562B1
EP2979562B1 EP15174734.2A EP15174734A EP2979562B1 EP 2979562 B1 EP2979562 B1 EP 2979562B1 EP 15174734 A EP15174734 A EP 15174734A EP 2979562 B1 EP2979562 B1 EP 2979562B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flexible bag
hood
flexible
user
suspension member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15174734.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2979562A1 (fr
Inventor
Rachid Makhlouche
Vincent GRAZIANI
Christian Rolland
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP2979562A1 publication Critical patent/EP2979562A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2979562B1 publication Critical patent/EP2979562B1/fr
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B7/00—Respiratory apparatus
    • A62B7/14—Respiratory apparatus for high-altitude aircraft
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B17/00—Protective clothing affording protection against heat or harmful chemical agents or for use at high altitudes
    • A62B17/04—Hoods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
    • A62B18/04—Gas helmets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to respiratory protection equipment.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a hood for respiratory protection, in particular for aircraft.
  • the invention relates in particular to a hood comprising a sealed flexible envelope intended to be slipped over the head of a user, the flexible envelope being provided with a transparent window and comprising, in its lower part, a source of oxygen-enriched gas and connected to an outlet orifice opening into the internal volume of the flexible envelope, the hood comprising a flexible suspension member placed inside the flexible envelope, the suspension member forming a cap having a surface lower than the surface of the outer flexible envelope, at least part of the edge of the suspension member is rigidly connected to the flexible envelope, in the position of use of the hood, the suspension member resting on the top of the user's head at an intermediate height between the base and the top of the hood.
  • This type of device is conventionally used on board aircraft when the atmosphere in the cabin is vitiated (depressurization, smoke, chemical agent, etc.).
  • This equipment must in particular allow the flight personnel to fight the damage, rescue the passengers and manage a possible evacuation of the aircraft.
  • Hoods using the second type thus generally contain an oxygen source enabling a person to be supplied with oxygen for fifteen minutes according to a predetermined gas flow profile.
  • This equipment may also have, in certain cases, a means of limiting the pressure inside the hood (for example a pressure relief valve).
  • a means of limiting the pressure inside the hood for example a pressure relief valve.
  • Known respiratory protective equipment generally uses either an entirely transparent outer casing or systems including buckles, straps or elastic bands for holding and adjustment.
  • the hood according to the invention is defined by the characterizing part. That is to say that the suspension member consists of a flexible portion comprising at least one of: a flexible mesh, a fabric, a fabric, an elastic zone, the suspension member comprising an end rear rigidly connected to the rear part of the flexible envelope, a front portion connected rigidly to the front part of the flexible envelope, the suspension member comprising lateral ends rigidly connected respectively to the lateral portions of the flexible envelope.
  • the invention may also relate to any alternative device or method comprising any combination of the characteristics above or below.
  • the figure 1 schematically represents a hood 1 for respiratory protection comprising a sealed flexible envelope 2 provided with a transparent window 20 intended for and slipped over the head of a user.
  • the waterproof flexible envelope 2 is composed for example of a waterproof or made waterproof fireproof textile, for example of the type marketed under the Nomex® brand and coated with a waterproof and fireproof coating.
  • This envelope 2 is designed to be slipped over the user's head to isolate the user's head from the external environment and to integrate the functionalities described below.
  • the base of the flexible casing 2 may comprise a flexible diaphragm or a sealed flange 12 intended to be mounted around the neck of a user.
  • this lower collar 12 comprises a pierced plastic sheet (for example a polymer, in particular a self-extinguishing polymer such as neoprene) to allow the user's head to pass elastically then tighten his neck thereafter.
  • the lower hole for the head can be adapted to any neck circumference between 28 and 42cm for example.
  • the flexible envelope 2 preferably delimits a volume of about twenty liters (more or less five liters) around the head of the user which makes it possible to form a buffer volume of respirable gas sufficient to absorb the ventilation peaks of the user.
  • This inflated volume also makes it possible to absorb any difference between the decreasing flow rate of an oxygen source 3 which delivers gas into the flexible casing 2 and the relatively constant oxygen needs of the user.
  • the flexible casing 2 is provided on its front face with a curved visor with anti-fog treatment on its inner face and anti-scratch treatment on its outer face forming a viewing window 20 for the user.
  • the flexible casing 2 can also be provided with a phonic membrane 21 to facilitate direct communication or via an intercom or through a megaphone.
  • the hood 1 comprises a source 3, 4 of oxygen-enriched gas comprising an outlet orifice 7 opening into the internal volume of the envelope 2, preferably in the rear part of the hood 1.
  • the oxygen tank or tanks 3 have for example a volume of between 0.20 and 0.4 liters and store gas at a pressure of for example between 150 and 200 bar.
  • the calibrated outlet orifice 7 has for example a diameter of between 0.04 and 0.15 mm to release for example between twenty and sixty liters of oxygen for fifteen minutes.
  • Each reservoir 3 may consist of a tube made of stainless steel or another material, having a diameter comprised for example between 30 and 50 mm.
  • the source 3, 4 of oxygen-enriched gas is connected to the lower part (base) of the flexible casing 2 and is positioned around the user's neck.
  • the gas source 3, 4 may comprise one or more pressurized oxygen tanks, for example one or more curved tubular tanks, if necessary associated with a filtration cartridge 4 intended to absorb the carbon dioxide exhaled by the gas. 'user.
  • the filtration cartridge 4 comprises for example an inlet communicating with the interior volume of the flexible envelope 2 (preferably at the front of the hood) and a filtered air outlet opening into the interior volume of the envelope 2 ( preferably at the rear part of the hood).
  • the filter cartridge 4 uses soda lime granules to capture carbon dioxide.
  • any other appropriate filtration system can be considered.
  • the filtration cartridge 4 can also use lithium hydroxide.
  • the filtration product can be stored in the cartridge in the form of a granule, a sheet fitted with channels or a porous mattress, for example.
  • the system capturing carbon dioxide can be of the passive type (lining the inside of the breathable volume with a compound that absorbs CO2) or active (the gas to be purified is captured and channeled to cross the element of filtration).
  • the carbon dioxide fixation reaction is generally exothermic. This makes it possible to mix the relatively hot gases coming from the filter cartridge 4 with the relatively cooler oxygen leaving the reservoir 3. This makes it possible to maintain a very acceptable gas temperature for the user.
  • the outlet orifice of the tubular oxygen tank and the filtered air outlet 6 of the filter cartridge 4 can be arranged relatively (in particular concentrically and coaxially ) to form a venturi device.
  • This venturi device thus makes it possible to use the expansion energy of the gas supplied by the reservoir 3 under pressure to create a recirculation current through the filter cartridge 4 (soda lime or lithium hydroxide).
  • the oxygen is supplied by the oxygen tank 3 to the venturi which then generates suction through the filter cartridge 4.
  • the oxygen-enriched breathable mixture is delivered into the flexible envelope 2.
  • the venturi has a drive ratio (aspirated flow rate/injected flow rate) of between 10 and 20 over the injected flow rate range of 1 to 5 liters per minute for example.
  • This carbon dioxide capture system is thus independent of the user's breathing.
  • the venturi blows for example between thirty and seventy liters of gas per minute. This creates a noise (hissing) audible by the user. This lets him know that the equipment is working properly.
  • This active filtration solution for the carbon dioxide produced by the user can be supplemented (or even replaced) by a passive filtration solution, such as: lining the inside of the breathable volume with a compound that absorbs carbon dioxide or placement of one or more panels of compounds that absorb carbon dioxide in the right places (for example near the mouth of the user).
  • the hood 1 comprises an internal structure as described below.
  • the hood 1 can comprise, inside the flexible casing 2, a flexible suspension member 16 such as a cap or hood.
  • This suspension member 16 is attached to the flexible casing 2 and forms a hood or inner cap having a surface lower than the surface of the outer casing 2.
  • At least part of the edge of the suspension member 16 is connected (glued, sewn or otherwise) to the flexible casing 2, preferably at a determined distance from the upper end of the flexible casing 2.
  • this suspension member 16 rests on the top of the user's head at an intermediate height between the base and the top of the hood 1 (cf. figure 1 ). That is to say that, in particular when the hood 1 is under pressure (oxygen injected into the internal volume of the flexible envelope 2), the hood 1 rests (is suspended) by this member 16 of suspension on the top of the user's head.
  • the hood 1 can follow the movements of the user's head, the window 20 in particular always remaining in front of the user's eyes.
  • this structure determines the vertical position of the viewing window 20 with respect to the top of the user's head.
  • the hood 1 can thus do without a tightening buckle and/or a strap to be adjusted in order to provide good support because there is a slight dispersion of the top of the head morphologies of potential users.
  • the structure of the hood 1 is thus universal and adapts well to a large number of different users.
  • this structure allows the outer casing 2 to swell to form a sufficient buffer volume without “floating” and moving excessively around the user's head.
  • the suspension member 16 consists of a flexible portion 17 comprising at least one of: a flexible mesh, a fabric, a fabric, an elastic zone.
  • the suspension member 16 comprises, from the rear to the front of the hood 1: a rear portion 17 comprising a flexible mesh, a first front portion 18 comprising a rigid part or semi-rigid and a second rigid or semi-rigid part 19 forming a cap visor.
  • the rear portion 17 is connected to the rear part of the flexible envelope, preferably at the lower base of the latter.
  • the lower rear end of the flexible member 16 can in particular be connected to the gas source 3, 4.
  • the gas source is distributed around the neck of the user, mainly in the rear part of the head and neck (because for example the front end of the hood or front half does not receive a portion of the gas source).
  • the gas source has a general U or C shape and the opening of the U or C is located in the front part of the hood (for example under the user's chin or jaw) while the base of the U or C is located in the rear part of the hood (eg behind the user's neck).
  • the end of the second front portion 19 is connected to the front end of the flexible envelope, preferably above the window 20 of vision.
  • the suspension member 16 is also attached laterally to the flexible casing 2 (on either side of the user's head.
  • the rear portion 17, preferably composed of a flexible or elastic mesh essentially rests on the back half of the user's head and makes it possible to adapt easily to users wearing buns or barrettes in their hair (air hostesses for example). This allows the hood 1 to adjust and to to position themselves correctly on any type of user by distributing the center of gravity of the hood 1 for the greatest comfort of the user.
  • the suspension member 16 is formed of a single flexible portion.
  • suspension member 16 could be fixed (sewn, glued or otherwise) over its entire circumference to the flexible casing 2.
  • the suspension member 16 makes it possible to suspend the hood 1 and refocus its center of gravity with respect to the user's head by adapting to any type of hairstyle.
  • This suspension system makes it possible to separate the functions of holding the hood and forming a buffer volume.
  • the hood 1 can constitute the adequate buffer volume while being well positioned and following the movements of the head.
  • the hood 1 according to the invention has many advantages over the prior art.
  • the hood 1 has improved ergonomics offering the possibility of having a large volume of gas around the user's head. Its structure, its installation and its wearing limit the risk of error, discomfort and the feeling of confinement.
  • the hood has a universal structure that adapts to a wide range of morphologies (sizes, glasses, hairstyles, etc.)
  • the relative arrangement of the gas source and of the suspension member allows an advantageous distribution of the weight of the hood on the user's head and to prevent the gas source from resting on the shoulders of the user. the user.
  • the gas source tends to pull the flexible envelope backwards towards the user's neck.
  • the suspension member balances and compensates for this effect.
  • the cap can thus rest essentially at the level of the forehead or the top of the forehead of the user.
  • the size is not increased and can even be reduced in the case of the foldable structure.
  • the internal suspension structure has been described in a hood fitted with a gas source comprising a pressurized oxygen tank.
  • this internal structure can be used for any other type of hood, in particular using a gas source comprising a chemical candle.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
EP15174734.2A 2014-08-01 2015-07-01 Cagoule de protection respiratoire Active EP2979562B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1457491A FR3024371B1 (fr) 2014-08-01 2014-08-01 Cagoule de protection respiratoire

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2979562A1 EP2979562A1 (fr) 2016-02-03
EP2979562B1 true EP2979562B1 (fr) 2022-03-23

Family

ID=51894146

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15174734.2A Active EP2979562B1 (fr) 2014-08-01 2015-07-01 Cagoule de protection respiratoire

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US10799726B2 (es)
EP (1) EP2979562B1 (es)
CN (1) CN105311768B (es)
ES (1) ES2916848T3 (es)
FR (1) FR3024371B1 (es)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2586793A (en) * 2019-09-01 2021-03-10 Max Power Carver Thomas Device for localised air humidity
CN111602896A (zh) * 2020-05-29 2020-09-01 崔德亮 一种低碳清爽口罩
US11065480B2 (en) * 2020-11-09 2021-07-20 Golden Galaxy Corporation PPE with rotating assembly providing multiple face covers
US11612770B1 (en) * 2020-11-09 2023-03-28 Golden Galaxy Corporation PPE with rotating assembly providing multiple face covers
US11259578B2 (en) * 2020-11-09 2022-03-01 Golden Galaxy Corporation PPE with rotating assembly providing multiple face covers
US11364396B2 (en) * 2020-11-09 2022-06-21 Golden Galaxy Corporation PPE with rotating assembly providing multiple face covers
US11134739B1 (en) 2021-01-19 2021-10-05 Yifei Jenny Jin Multi-functional wearable dome assembly and method of using the same

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2296338A (en) * 1939-07-29 1942-09-22 Gen Motors Corp Safety helmet
US4552140A (en) * 1983-04-29 1985-11-12 Erie Manufacturing Co. Emergency escape device
FR2621249B1 (fr) * 1987-10-02 1990-05-04 Air Liquide Cagoule de protection respiratoire et equipement de securite pour aeronef
NO178529C (no) * 1991-08-27 1996-04-17 Ottestad Nils T Selvforsynt nödpusteinnretning
CN1135924A (zh) * 1995-05-18 1996-11-20 胡炜 救生头罩
US6367085B1 (en) * 1998-12-21 2002-04-09 3M Innovative Properties Company Head suspension for an air supplied hood system
WO2003035181A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2003-05-01 Daniel Shahaf Inhalation protection apparatuses
CN2621744Y (zh) * 2003-05-16 2004-06-30 孔凡让 隔离头罩
DE202004000890U1 (de) 2004-01-21 2004-04-01 Wöbke, Klaus Armreif
FR2893994B1 (fr) * 2005-11-30 2007-12-28 Air Liquide Dispositif de stockage de fluide sous pression, masque et organe d'actionnement comprenant un tel dispositif
CN201239446Y (zh) * 2008-08-05 2009-05-20 王利民 便携式供氧防护头罩
GB201108199D0 (en) * 2011-05-16 2011-06-29 Scott Health & Safety Ltd Breathing mask with head top
WO2014031671A1 (en) * 2012-08-20 2014-02-27 Jamart Tt, Llc Respirator assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3024371A1 (fr) 2016-02-05
CN105311768B (zh) 2021-04-02
CN105311768A (zh) 2016-02-10
EP2979562A1 (fr) 2016-02-03
FR3024371B1 (fr) 2018-01-26
US20160030774A1 (en) 2016-02-04
ES2916848T3 (es) 2022-07-06
US10799726B2 (en) 2020-10-13

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