EP2977830A1 - Constant-force escapement mechanism - Google Patents

Constant-force escapement mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2977830A1
EP2977830A1 EP14178104.7A EP14178104A EP2977830A1 EP 2977830 A1 EP2977830 A1 EP 2977830A1 EP 14178104 A EP14178104 A EP 14178104A EP 2977830 A1 EP2977830 A1 EP 2977830A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wheel
toothing
exhaust mechanism
oscillator
arm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14178104.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2977830B1 (en
Inventor
Marc Stranczl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nivarox Far SA
Nivarox SA
Original Assignee
Nivarox Far SA
Nivarox SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to EP14178104.7A priority Critical patent/EP2977830B1/en
Application filed by Nivarox Far SA, Nivarox SA filed Critical Nivarox Far SA
Priority to US15/027,627 priority patent/US9804567B2/en
Priority to RU2017105855A priority patent/RU2688847C2/en
Priority to CN201580002546.3A priority patent/CN105706005B/en
Priority to JP2016523980A priority patent/JP6244456B2/en
Priority to PCT/EP2015/063816 priority patent/WO2016012166A2/en
Publication of EP2977830A1 publication Critical patent/EP2977830A1/en
Priority to HK16114157A priority patent/HK1225817B/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2977830B1 publication Critical patent/EP2977830B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/10—Escapements with constant impulses for the regulating mechanism
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/06—Free escapements
    • G04B15/08—Lever escapements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/12—Adjusting; Restricting the amplitude of the lever or the like

Definitions

  • the invention further relates to a movement comprising, interposed between, a first upstream side a gear train driven by an energy storage device, and, a second downstream side an oscillator, such an exhaust mechanism.
  • the invention also relates to a timepiece comprising such a movement.
  • the invention relates to clock escapement mechanisms.
  • the good chronometric performance of a mechanical watch movement depends on the regularity of the mechanism exhaust system. And, in particular, the regularity of the torque delivered to the exhaust street throughout the disarming or the barrels.
  • the invention proposes a simple mechanism, with a number of very small components, to achieve a constant force escapement efficient, economical, and a limited space.
  • the invention also relates to a movement comprising interposed between, a first upstream side a gear driven by an energy storage device, and a second downstream side an oscillator, such an exhaust mechanism.
  • the invention also relates to a timepiece comprising such a movement, characterized in that it is a watch.
  • the invention proposes a simple mechanism, with a number of very small components, for producing an effective constant force escapement mechanism that is economical and of limited space, making it possible to transmit a constant torque to the oscillator stop. regardless of the state of charge of the energy storage device.
  • the invention is illustrated here in the figures in a particular application, non-limiting, where the oscillator is a pendulum-balance, and where the stopper is an anchor, including a Swiss anchor.
  • the energy storage device is here represented, without limitation, by a cylinder.
  • the invention aims to solve, in this particular application, the problem of the variation of the torque to the escape wheel according to the state of charge of the barrel.
  • the invention is based on the use of a flexible escape wheel, as described in patent documents from the same applicant: CH704147 , CH703464 , EP2455821 , WO2012010408 , incorporated herein by reference.
  • this flexible exhaust wheel is made of a micro-machinable material, or silicon, or quartz or one of their oxides or compounds, or an alloy derived from MEMS technology, or an alloy as obtained by the "LIGA" process, or an at least partially amorphous material.
  • it is made of a combination of some of these materials, the material being a rigid Young modulus material greater than 80000 MPa. The choice of such a material guarantees the reproducibility of the physical phenomena, and therefore the constancy of the value of the transmitted torque.
  • the invention relates to a constant force escapement mechanism 1 for a watch movement 100.
  • This escapement mechanism 1 is arranged to be interposed between, on a first upstream side, a gear train 2 driven by a storage device. 3, in particular a barrel or a set of barrels, and a second downstream side an oscillator 4.
  • the stopper 5 is arranged to cooperate, downstream with such an oscillator 4, and upstream with a first toothing 9 that includes the escape wheel 6.
  • This escapement wheel 6 is a single-piece flexible component, comprising on the one hand a serge 10 carrying the first toothing 9, and on the other hand a pinion 12.
  • This pinion 12 meshes permanently with the input wheel 7.
  • This input wheel 7 is arranged to mesh with the input of such a wheel 2.
  • the serge 10 and the pinion 12 are connected to each other by flexible arms 11, which are arranged to store energy from the train 2, and to restore it according to the position of the trigger rocker 8
  • the monolithic escapement wheel 6 can therefore store energy between its pinion 12 and its serge 10.
  • the trigger rocker 8 stops the input wheel 7.
  • the trigger is triggered by the teeth of the first toothing 9 of the escape wheel 6.
  • this trigger rocker 8 comprises a first arm 13 which is arranged to cooperate with the first toothing 9 of the escape wheel 6, and a second arm 14 which is arranged to cooperate with a second toothing 15 which comprises the input wheel 7 to stop or release the latter.
  • the trigger rocker 8 is arranged to tilt, around a pivoting guide 16 that it comprises, at each passage of at least one tooth of the first toothing 9 of the escape wheel 6. And the pivoting guide 16 is sized to allow passage of a predetermined number of teeth of the second toothing 15 of the input wheel 7.
  • the flexible arms 11 of the escape wheel 6 have stored energy, and the input wheel 7, in particular a second wheel, is stopped by the second arm 14 of the trigger rocker 8.
  • the escape wheel 6 and the stopper 5 must be sized to have a large fall. During this fall, the escape wheel 6 triggers the expansion by releasing the trigger rocker 8, the pendulum plate pin having then completed its pulse.
  • the input wheel 7 then recharges the flexible arms 11 of the escapement wheel 6 which no longer turns, being then stopped by the stopper 5.
  • the trigger rocker 8 is, in a particular variant, mounted on a flexible guide 16.
  • This flexible guide 16 may, if necessary, be dimensioned so as to pass only a predetermined number of teeth of the input wheel 7 The escape wheel 6 is thus reloaded at a precise angle.
  • the trigger is actuated at each passage of a tooth of the first toothing 9 of the escape wheel 6, every two alternations.
  • At least one of the flexible arms 11 comprises an abutment arranged to limit the pivoting amplitude of the input wheel 7.
  • the escape wheel 6 is thus reloaded at a precise angle.
  • each flexible arm 11 comprises such a stop.
  • the input wheel 7 is a second wheel. A particular dimensioning of this second wheel is then desirable, in order to have a compatible number of teeth. It is also possible to have an input wheel 7 cooperating with a second wheel.
  • the second arm 14 of the trigger rocker 8 comprises a toothed sector 17, which is arranged to cooperate with the second toothing 15 of the input wheel 7.
  • toothed sector 17, with small toothing allows adaptation to a conventional second wheel, the input wheel 7 can thus be the usual second wheel, without transformation of the latter.
  • the escapement mechanism 1 comprises a bridge 18 which is integral with the pivoting guide 16 of the trigger rocker 8 and with it.
  • the escapement mechanism 1 comprises a retainer 5 which is integral with the bridge 18 and comprises flexible guide means permitting its pivoting and arranged to limit its pivoting stroke.
  • the escapement mechanism 1 comprises a bridge 18 which is at one and the same time integral with the pivoting guide 16 of the trigger rocker 8 and with it, and with the stopper 5 which comprises flexible guide means permitting its pivoting and arranged to limit its pivoting stroke.
  • the bridge 18 comprises elastic return means 19 which act on said first arm 13 and / or second arm 14 to exert a force or a pushing or pulling torque, according to their relative location with respect to these arms. It will be understood that, in the alternative where the trigger rocker 8 is on a flexible guide 16, this flexible guide is able to effect this force, torque or force, of return. If the trigger rocker 8 pivots on a conventional pivot, it is necessary to add these elastic return means 19, in particular in the form of at least one return spring.
  • the stopper 5 is an anchor, in particular a Swiss anchor.
  • the invention also relates to a clockwork movement 100 comprising, interposed between, a first upstream side a gear train 2 driven by an energy storage device 3, and a second downstream side an oscillator 4, such a exhaust mechanism 1.
  • the oscillator 4 is a pendulum-balance assembly.
  • the oscillator 4 is a tuning fork.
  • the invention also relates to a timepiece 200 comprising such a movement 100.
  • This timepiece 200 is more particularly a watch.
  • the invention provides a simple mechanism that allows maintenance of the oscillator with constant force. It follows that the oscillation maintenance is independent of the state of charge of the cylinder or the storage device of energy used.
  • the mechanism according to the invention is compact, and lends itself well to the transformation and improvement of an existing movement.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Unknown Time Intervals (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)

Abstract

Mécanisme d'échappement (1) à force constante entre un oscillateur (4) et un rouage (2) entraîné par un barillet (3), comportant un arrêtoir (5) coopérant avec ledit oscillateur (4) et avec la denture (9) d'une roue d'échappement (6) flexible monobloc comportant un pignon (12) engrenant avec une roue d'entrée (7) coopérant avec ledit rouage (2), et relié à ladite denture (9) par des bras flexibles (11) agencés pour emmagasiner de l'énergie venant dudit rouage (2) et la restituer selon la position d'une bascule de détente (8). Cette bascule (8) comporte un premier bras (13) coopérant avec ladite denture (9), et un deuxième bras (14) coopérant avec ladite roue d'entrée (7) pour stopper ou libérer cette dernière, et bascule, autour d'un guidage en pivotement (16), à chaque passage d'une dent de ladite denture (9). Mouvement (100) comportant un tel mécanisme (1). Pièce d'horlogerie (200) comportant un tel mouvement (100).Mechanism of escape (1) with constant force between an oscillator (4) and a gear train (2) driven by a barrel (3), comprising a stop (5) cooperating with said oscillator (4) and with the toothing (9) a single-piece flexible escapement wheel (6) comprising a pinion (12) meshing with an input wheel (7) cooperating with said gear train (2), and connected to said toothing (9) by flexible arms (11); ) arranged to store energy from said train (2) and restore it according to the position of a trigger rocker (8). This rocker (8) comprises a first arm (13) cooperating with said toothing (9), and a second arm (14) cooperating with said input wheel (7) to stop or release the latter, and tilts, around a pivoting guide (16), at each passage of a tooth of said toothing (9). Movement (100) comprising such a mechanism (1). Timepiece (200) having such movement (100).

Description

Domaine de l'inventionField of the invention

L'invention concerne un mécanisme d'échappement à force constante pour mouvement d'horlogerie, agencé pour être intercalé entre, d'un premier côté amont un rouage entraîné par un dispositif de stockage d'énergie, et, d'un deuxième côté aval un oscillateur, ledit mécanisme d'échappement comportant, de l'amont vers l'aval:

  • une roue d'entrée,
  • une bascule de détente,
  • une roue d'échappement,
  • un arrêtoir,
où ledit arrêtoir est agencé pour coopérer en aval avec un dit oscillateur et en amont avec une première denture que comporte ladite roue d'échappement, où ladite roue d'échappement est un composant flexible monobloc comportant d'une part une serge porteuse de ladite première denture et d'autre part un pignon engrenant en permanence avec ladite roue d'entrée laquelle est agencée pour engrener avec l'entrée d'un dit rouage, et ladite serge et ledit pignon étant reliés l'un à l'autre par des bras flexibles agencés pour emmagasiner de l'énergie en provenance dudit rouage et la restituer selon la position de ladite bascule de détente.The invention relates to a constant-force escapement mechanism for a clockwork movement, arranged to be interposed between, on a first upstream side, a gear train driven by an energy storage device, and on a second downstream side. an oscillator, said exhaust mechanism including, from upstream to downstream:
  • an input wheel,
  • a rocker of relaxation,
  • an escape wheel,
  • a stop,
wherein said stopper is arranged to cooperate downstream with said oscillator and upstream with a first toothing that includes said escape wheel, wherein said escape wheel is a one-piece flexible component comprising on the one hand a carrier serge of said first toothing and on the other hand a pinion meshing permanently with said input wheel which is arranged to mesh with the input of said gear, and said serge and said pinion being connected to each other by arms flexible arranged to store energy from said train and return it according to the position of said trigger rocker.

L'invention concerne encore un mouvement comportant, intercalé entre, d'un premier côté amont un rouage entraîné par un dispositif de stockage d'énergie, et, d'un deuxième côté aval un oscillateur, un tel mécanisme d'échappement.The invention further relates to a movement comprising, interposed between, a first upstream side a gear train driven by an energy storage device, and, a second downstream side an oscillator, such an exhaust mechanism.

L'invention concerne encore une pièce d'horlogerie comportant un tel mouvement.The invention also relates to a timepiece comprising such a movement.

L'invention concerne les mécanismes d'échappement d'horlogerie.The invention relates to clock escapement mechanisms.

Arrière-plan de l'inventionBackground of the invention

Les bonnes performances chronométriques d'un mouvement d'horlogerie mécanique dépendent de la régularité de fonctionnement du mécanisme d'échappement qu'il comporte. Et, tout particulièrement, de la régularité du couple délivré à la rue d'échappement tout au long du désarmage du ou des barillets.The good chronometric performance of a mechanical watch movement depends on the regularity of the mechanism exhaust system. And, in particular, the regularity of the torque delivered to the exhaust street throughout the disarming or the barrels.

Les meilleures résultats sont obtenus avec des mécanismes d'échappement dits à force constante, qui délivrent la même quantité d'énergie à chaque impulsion du balancier. De tels mécanismes sont néanmoins souvent complexes, et coûteux.The best results are obtained with so-called constant force escape mechanisms, which deliver the same amount of energy to each impulse of the pendulum. Such mechanisms are nevertheless often complex and expensive.

Résumé de l'inventionSummary of the invention

L'invention propose un mécanisme simple, à nombre de composants très réduits, pour réaliser un mécanisme d'échappement à force constante efficace, économique, et d'un encombrement limité.The invention proposes a simple mechanism, with a number of very small components, to achieve a constant force escapement efficient, economical, and a limited space.

A cet effet, l'invention concerne un mécanisme d'échappement à force constante pour mouvement d'horlogerie, agencé pour être intercalé entre, d'un premier côté amont un rouage entraîné par un dispositif de stockage d'énergie, et, d'un deuxième côté aval un oscillateur, ledit mécanisme d'échappement comportant, de l'amont vers l'aval:

  • une roue d'entrée,
  • une bascule de détente,
  • une roue d'échappement,
  • un arrêtoir,
où ledit arrêtoir est agencé pour coopérer en aval avec un dit oscillateur et en amont avec une première denture que comporte ladite roue d'échappement, où ladite roue d'échappement est un composant flexible monobloc comportant d'une part une serge porteuse de ladite première denture et d'autre part un pignon engrenant en permanence avec ladite roue d'entrée laquelle est agencée pour engrener avec l'entrée d'un dit rouage, et ladite serge et ledit pignon étant reliés l'un à l'autre par des bras flexibles agencés pour emmagasiner de l'énergie en provenance dudit rouage et la restituer selon la position de ladite bascule de détente, caractérisé en ce que ladite bascule de détente comporte un premier bras agencé pour coopérer avec ladite première denture de ladite roue d'échappement, et un deuxième bras agencé pour coopérer avec une deuxième denture que comporte ladite roue d'entrée pour stopper ou libérer cette dernière, en ce que ladite bascule de détente est agencée pour basculer, autour d'un guidage en pivotement qu'elle comporte, à chaque passage d'au moins une dent de ladite première denture de ladite roue d'échappement, et en ce que ledit guidage en pivotement est dimensionné pour autoriser le passage d'un nombre déterminé de dents de ladite deuxième denture de ladite roue d'entrée.For this purpose, the invention relates to a constant-force escapement mechanism for a clockwork movement, arranged to be interposed between, on a first upstream side, a gear train driven by an energy storage device, and, a second side downstream an oscillator, said exhaust mechanism comprising, from upstream to downstream:
  • an input wheel,
  • a rocker of relaxation,
  • an escape wheel,
  • a stop,
wherein said stopper is arranged to cooperate downstream with said oscillator and upstream with a first toothing that includes said escape wheel, wherein said escape wheel is a one-piece flexible component comprising on the one hand a carrier serge of said first toothing and on the other hand a pinion meshing permanently with said input wheel which is arranged to mesh with the input of said gear, and said serge and said pinion being connected to each other by arms flexible arranged to store energy from said train and restore it according to the position of said trigger rocker, characterized in that said trigger rocker comprises a first arm arranged to cooperate with said first toothing of said escape wheel, and a second arm arranged to cooperate with a second toothing that includes said input wheel to stop or release the latter, in that said latch holder e is arranged for tilting, around a pivoting guide that it comprises, at each passage of at least one tooth of said first toothing of said escape wheel, and in that said pivoting guide is dimensioned to allow passage of a predetermined number of teeth of said second toothing of said input wheel.

L'invention concerne encore un mouvement comportant intercalé entre, d'un premier côté amont un rouage entraîné par un dispositif de stockage d'énergie, et, d'un deuxième côté aval un oscillateur, un tel mécanisme d'échappement.The invention also relates to a movement comprising interposed between, a first upstream side a gear driven by an energy storage device, and a second downstream side an oscillator, such an exhaust mechanism.

L'invention concerne encore une pièce d'horlogerie comportant un tel mouvement, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est une montre.The invention also relates to a timepiece comprising such a movement, characterized in that it is a watch.

Description sommaire des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre, en référence aux dessins annexés, où :

  • la figure 1 représente, de façon schématisée et en vue en plan, une partie d'un mouvement horloger, comportant, de haut en bas sur la figure : un dispositif de stockage d'énergie ici constitué par un barillet, engrenant avec un rouage en cascade se terminant par une roue de seconde qui constitue, dans une variante avantageuse du mécanisme d'échappement l'invention, une roue d'entrée de ce mécanisme, et qui engrène avec un pignon que comporte une roue d'échappement flexible comportant des bras flexibles entre ce pignon et sa serge porteuse d'une denture d'échappement classique, cette dernière coopérant avec un arrêtoir constitué par une ancre coopérant classiquement avec un balancier-spiral, tandis qu'un pont porte une bascule de détente qui coopère à la fois avec la denture de la roue d'échappement et avec la denture de roue d'entrée ;
  • la figure 2 représente, de façon schématisée et en vue en plan, un détail d'une variante de bras de la bascule de détente comportant un secteur denté en coopération avec la denture de la roue d'entrée ;
  • la figure 3 représente, sous forme d'un schéma-blocs, une montre comportant un mouvement comportant lui-même un mécanisme d'échappement selon l'invention.
Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • the figure 1 represents, schematically and in plan view, a part of a clockwork movement, comprising, from top to bottom in the figure: an energy storage device here constituted by a barrel, meshing with a cascade wheel ending by a second wheel which is, in an advantageous variant of the exhaust mechanism of the invention, an input wheel of this mechanism, and which meshes with a pinion that comprises a flexible exhaust wheel having flexible arms between it pinion and its serge carrying a conventional exhaust toothing, the latter cooperating with a stopper constituted by an anchor conventionally cooperating with a balance-spiral, while a bridge carries a trigger rocker which cooperates both with the toothing the escape wheel and with the entry wheel toothing;
  • the figure 2 shows schematically and in plan view, a detail of an arm variant of the trigger rocker having a toothed sector in cooperation with the toothing of the input wheel;
  • the figure 3 represents, in the form of a block diagram, a watch comprising a movement including itself an escape mechanism according to the invention.

Description détaillée des modes de réalisation préférésDetailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

L'invention propose un mécanisme simple, à nombre de composants très réduits, pour réaliser un mécanisme d'échappement à force constante efficace, économique, et d'un encombrement limité, permettant de transmettre un couple constant à l'arrêtoir de l'oscillateur, quel que soit l'état de charge du dispositif de stockage d'énergie.The invention proposes a simple mechanism, with a number of very small components, for producing an effective constant force escapement mechanism that is economical and of limited space, making it possible to transmit a constant torque to the oscillator stop. regardless of the state of charge of the energy storage device.

L'invention est illustrée ici sur les figures dans une application particulière, non limitative, où l'oscillateur est un ensemble balancier-spiral, et où l'arrêtoir est une ancre, notamment une ancre suisse. Le dispositif de stockage d'énergie est ici figuré, de façon non limitative, par un barillet.The invention is illustrated here in the figures in a particular application, non-limiting, where the oscillator is a pendulum-balance, and where the stopper is an anchor, including a Swiss anchor. The energy storage device is here represented, without limitation, by a cylinder.

L'invention vise à résoudre, dans cette application particulière, le problème de la variation du couple à la roue d'échappement selon l'état de charge du barillet.The invention aims to solve, in this particular application, the problem of the variation of the torque to the escape wheel according to the state of charge of the barrel.

Pour réduire le nombre de composants et assurer une régularité parfaite, l'invention s'appuie sur l'utilisation d'une roue d'échappement flexible, telle que décrite dans les documents de brevets issus du même déposant: CH704147 , CH703464 , EP2455821 , WO2012010408 , incorporés ici par référence.To reduce the number of components and ensure perfect regularity, the invention is based on the use of a flexible escape wheel, as described in patent documents from the same applicant: CH704147 , CH703464 , EP2455821 , WO2012010408 , incorporated herein by reference.

De façon avantageuse, cette roue d'échappement flexible est réalisée dans un matériau micro-usinable, ou silicium, ou quartz ou un de leurs oxydes ou composés, ou un alliage issu de la technologie des MEMS, ou un alliage tel qu'obtenu par le procédé « LIGA », ou un matériau au moins partiellement amorphe. Dans une réalisation particulière, elle est réalisée en une combinaison de certains de ces matériaux, le matériau étant un matériau rigide de module d'Young supérieur à 80000 MPa. Le choix d'un tel matériau garantit la reproductibilité des phénomènes physiques, et donc la constance de la valeur du couple transmis.Advantageously, this flexible exhaust wheel is made of a micro-machinable material, or silicon, or quartz or one of their oxides or compounds, or an alloy derived from MEMS technology, or an alloy as obtained by the "LIGA" process, or an at least partially amorphous material. In a particular embodiment, it is made of a combination of some of these materials, the material being a rigid Young modulus material greater than 80000 MPa. The choice of such a material guarantees the reproducibility of the physical phenomena, and therefore the constancy of the value of the transmitted torque.

Ainsi, l'invention concerne un mécanisme d'échappement 1 à force constante pour mouvement d'horlogerie 100. Ce mécanisme d'échappement 1 est agencé pour être intercalé entre, d'un premier côté amont un rouage 2 entraîné par un dispositif de stockage d'énergie 3, notamment un barillet ou un ensemble de barillets, et, d'un deuxième côté aval un oscillateur 4.Thus, the invention relates to a constant force escapement mechanism 1 for a watch movement 100. This escapement mechanism 1 is arranged to be interposed between, on a first upstream side, a gear train 2 driven by a storage device. 3, in particular a barrel or a set of barrels, and a second downstream side an oscillator 4.

Le mécanisme d'échappement 1 selon l'invention comporte, de l'amont vers l'aval:

  • une roue d'entrée 7,
  • une bascule de détente 8,
  • une roue d'échappement 6,
  • un arrêtoir 5.
The exhaust mechanism 1 according to the invention comprises, from upstream to downstream:
  • an input wheel 7,
  • a trigger rocker 8,
  • an escape wheel 6,
  • a stop 5.

L'arrêtoir 5 est agencé pour coopérer, en aval avec un tel oscillateur 4, et en amont avec une première denture 9 que comporte la roue d'échappement 6.The stopper 5 is arranged to cooperate, downstream with such an oscillator 4, and upstream with a first toothing 9 that includes the escape wheel 6.

Cette roue d'échappement 6 est un composant flexible monobloc, comportant d'une part une serge 10 porteuse de la première denture 9, et d'autre part un pignon 12. Ce pignon 12 engrène en permanence avec la roue d'entrée 7. Cette roue d'entrée 7 est agencée pour engrener avec l'entrée d'un tel rouage 2.This escapement wheel 6 is a single-piece flexible component, comprising on the one hand a serge 10 carrying the first toothing 9, and on the other hand a pinion 12. This pinion 12 meshes permanently with the input wheel 7. This input wheel 7 is arranged to mesh with the input of such a wheel 2.

La serge 10 et le pignon 12 sont reliés l'un à l'autre par des bras flexibles 11, qui sont agencés pour emmagasiner de l'énergie en provenance du rouage 2, et pour la restituer selon la position de la bascule de détente 8. La roue d'échappement 6 monolithique peut donc stocker de l'énergie entre son pignon 12 et sa serge 10.The serge 10 and the pinion 12 are connected to each other by flexible arms 11, which are arranged to store energy from the train 2, and to restore it according to the position of the trigger rocker 8 The monolithic escapement wheel 6 can therefore store energy between its pinion 12 and its serge 10.

La bascule de détente 8 stoppe la roue d'entrée 7. La détente est déclenchée par les dents de la première denture 9 de la roue d'échappement 6.The trigger rocker 8 stops the input wheel 7. The trigger is triggered by the teeth of the first toothing 9 of the escape wheel 6.

Selon l'invention, cette bascule de détente 8 comporte un premier bras 13 qui est agencé pour coopérer avec la première denture 9 de la roue d'échappement 6, et un deuxième bras 14 qui est agencé pour coopérer avec une deuxième denture 15 que comporte la roue d'entrée 7, pour stopper ou libérer cette dernière.According to the invention, this trigger rocker 8 comprises a first arm 13 which is arranged to cooperate with the first toothing 9 of the escape wheel 6, and a second arm 14 which is arranged to cooperate with a second toothing 15 which comprises the input wheel 7 to stop or release the latter.

La bascule de détente 8 est agencée pour basculer, autour d'un guidage en pivotement 16 qu'elle comporte, à chaque passage d'au moins une dent de la première denture 9 de la roue d'échappement 6. Et le guidage en pivotement 16 est dimensionné pour autoriser le passage d'un nombre déterminé de dents de la deuxième denture 15 de la roue d'entrée 7.The trigger rocker 8 is arranged to tilt, around a pivoting guide 16 that it comprises, at each passage of at least one tooth of the first toothing 9 of the escape wheel 6. And the pivoting guide 16 is sized to allow passage of a predetermined number of teeth of the second toothing 15 of the input wheel 7.

Dans la variante illustrée par la figure 1, avec un oscillateur 4 constitué par un balancier-spiral avec plateau à cheville classique, et un arrêtoir 5 constitué par une ancre suisse, le fonctionnement est le suivant :In the variant illustrated by the figure 1 , with an oscillator 4 constituted by a balance-spring with conventional pinch plate, and a stopper 5 constituted by a Swiss anchor, the operation is as follows:

Si le système est au repos avant l'arrivée de la cheville de plateau du balancier, les bras flexibles 11 de la roue d'échappement 6 ont emmagasiné de l'énergie, et la roue d'entrée 7, notamment une roue de seconde, est stoppée par le deuxième bras 14 de la bascule de détente 8.If the system is at rest before the arrival of the balance plate pin, the flexible arms 11 of the escape wheel 6 have stored energy, and the input wheel 7, in particular a second wheel, is stopped by the second arm 14 of the trigger rocker 8.

Lors du passage de la cheville de plateau, une impulsion est transmise au balancier de l'oscillateur 4. La force transmise est fournie uniquement par les bras flexibles 11 de la roue d'échappement 6. Jusqu'à cet instant, la roue d'entrée 7 n'a pas encore effectué de pivotement.During the passage of the plateau pin, a pulse is transmitted to the balance of the oscillator 4. The transmitted force is provided solely by the flexible arms 11 of the escape wheel 6. Up to this moment, the wheel of input 7 has not yet pivoted.

La roue d'échappement 6 et l'arrêtoir 5 doivent être dimensionnés de façon à avoir une grande chute. Durant cette chute, la roue d'échappement 6 déclenche la détente par libération de la bascule de détente 8, la cheville de plateau du balancier ayant alors terminé son impulsion.The escape wheel 6 and the stopper 5 must be sized to have a large fall. During this fall, the escape wheel 6 triggers the expansion by releasing the trigger rocker 8, the pendulum plate pin having then completed its pulse.

La roue d'entrée 7 recharge alors en énergie les bras flexibles 11 de la roue d'échappement 6 qui ne tourne plus, étant alors stoppée par l'arrêtoir 5.The input wheel 7 then recharges the flexible arms 11 of the escapement wheel 6 which no longer turns, being then stopped by the stopper 5.

La bascule de détente 8 est, dans une variante particulière, montée sur un guidage flexible 16. Ce guidage flexible 16 peut, si nécessaire, être dimensionné de manière à ne faire passer qu'un nombre déterminé de dents de la roue d'entrée 7. La roue d'échappement 6 est ainsi rechargée d'un angle précis.The trigger rocker 8 is, in a particular variant, mounted on a flexible guide 16. This flexible guide 16 may, if necessary, be dimensioned so as to pass only a predetermined number of teeth of the input wheel 7 The escape wheel 6 is thus reloaded at a precise angle.

La détente est actionnée à chaque passage d'une dent de la première denture 9 de la roue d'échappement 6, toutes les deux alternances.The trigger is actuated at each passage of a tooth of the first toothing 9 of the escape wheel 6, every two alternations.

Dans une variante particulière, au moins un des bras flexibles 11 comporte une butée agencée pour limiter l'amplitude de pivotement de la roue d'entrée 7. La roue d'échappement 6 est ainsi rechargée d'un angle précis. De préférence, chaque bras flexible 11 comporte une telle butée.In a particular variant, at least one of the flexible arms 11 comprises an abutment arranged to limit the pivoting amplitude of the input wheel 7. The escape wheel 6 is thus reloaded at a precise angle. Preferably, each flexible arm 11 comprises such a stop.

Dans une variante particulière, la roue d'entrée 7 est une roue de seconde. Un dimensionnement particulier de cette roue de seconde est alors souhaitable, afin d'avoir un nombre de dents compatible. Il est également possible d'avoir une roue d'entrée 7 coopérant avec un roue de seconde.In a particular variant, the input wheel 7 is a second wheel. A particular dimensioning of this second wheel is then desirable, in order to have a compatible number of teeth. It is also possible to have an input wheel 7 cooperating with a second wheel.

Dans une variante illustrée à la figure 2, le deuxième bras 14 de la bascule de détente 8 comporte un secteur denté 17, qui est agencé pour coopérer avec la deuxième denture 15 de la roue d'entrée 7. Un tel secteur denté 17, à petite denture, permet l'adaptation à une roue de seconde classique, la roue d'entrée 7 peut, ainsi, être la roue de seconde usuelle, sans transformation de cette dernière.In a variant illustrated in figure 2 , the second arm 14 of the trigger rocker 8 comprises a toothed sector 17, which is arranged to cooperate with the second toothing 15 of the input wheel 7. Such toothed sector 17, with small toothing, allows adaptation to a conventional second wheel, the input wheel 7 can thus be the usual second wheel, without transformation of the latter.

Dans une variante particulière de l'invention, le mécanisme d'échappement 1 comporte un pont 18 qui est monobloc avec le guidage en pivotement 16 de la bascule de détente 8 et avec celle-ci.In a particular variant of the invention, the escapement mechanism 1 comprises a bridge 18 which is integral with the pivoting guide 16 of the trigger rocker 8 and with it.

Dans une variante particulière de l'invention, le mécanisme d'échappement 1 comporte un arrêtoir 5 qui est monobloc avec le pont 18 et comporte des moyens de guidage flexibles autorisant son pivotement et agencés pour limiter sa course de pivotement.In a particular variant of the invention, the escapement mechanism 1 comprises a retainer 5 which is integral with the bridge 18 and comprises flexible guide means permitting its pivoting and arranged to limit its pivoting stroke.

Dans une variante particulière de l'invention, le mécanisme d'échappement 1 comporte un pont 18 qui est à la fois monobloc avec le guidage en pivotement 16 de la bascule de détente 8 et avec celle-ci, et avec l'arrêtoir 5 qui comporte des moyens de guidage flexibles autorisant son pivotement et agencés pour limiter sa course de pivotement.In a particular variant of the invention, the escapement mechanism 1 comprises a bridge 18 which is at one and the same time integral with the pivoting guide 16 of the trigger rocker 8 and with it, and with the stopper 5 which comprises flexible guide means permitting its pivoting and arranged to limit its pivoting stroke.

Dans une variante particulière de l'invention, et notamment dans une de ces versions monoblocs du pont 12 avec la bascule de détente 8 et/ou l'arrêtoir 5, le pont 18 comporte des moyens de rappel élastique 19 qui agissent sur ledit premier bras 13 et/ou deuxième bras 14 pour exercer un effort ou un couple de poussée ou de traction, selon leur implantation relative par rapport à ces bras. On comprend que, dans l'alternative où la bascule de détente 8 est sur guidage flexible 16, ce guidage flexible est apte à effectuer lui-même cet effort, couple ou force, de rappel. Si la bascule de détente 8 pivote sur un pivot classique, il convient d'ajouter ces moyens de rappel élastique 19, notamment sous la forme d'au moins un ressort de rappel.In a particular variant of the invention, and in particular in one of these one-piece versions of the bridge 12 with the trigger rocker 8 and / or the stopper 5, the bridge 18 comprises elastic return means 19 which act on said first arm 13 and / or second arm 14 to exert a force or a pushing or pulling torque, according to their relative location with respect to these arms. It will be understood that, in the alternative where the trigger rocker 8 is on a flexible guide 16, this flexible guide is able to effect this force, torque or force, of return. If the trigger rocker 8 pivots on a conventional pivot, it is necessary to add these elastic return means 19, in particular in the form of at least one return spring.

Dans une variante particulière de l'invention, l'arrêtoir 5 est une ancre, notamment une ancre suisse.In a particular variant of the invention, the stopper 5 is an anchor, in particular a Swiss anchor.

L'invention concerne encore un mouvement d'horlogerie 100 comportant, intercalé entre, d'un premier côté amont un rouage 2 entraîné par un dispositif de stockage d'énergie 3, et, d'un deuxième côté aval un oscillateur 4, un tel mécanisme d'échappement 1.The invention also relates to a clockwork movement 100 comprising, interposed between, a first upstream side a gear train 2 driven by an energy storage device 3, and a second downstream side an oscillator 4, such a exhaust mechanism 1.

Dans une variante particulière de l'invention, l'oscillateur 4 est un ensemble balancier-spiral.In a particular variant of the invention, the oscillator 4 is a pendulum-balance assembly.

Dans une variante particulière de l'invention, l'oscillateur 4 est un diapason.In a particular variant of the invention, the oscillator 4 is a tuning fork.

L'invention concerne encore une pièce d'horlogerie 200 comportant un tel mouvement 100. Cette pièce d'horlogerie 200 est plus particulièrement une montre.The invention also relates to a timepiece 200 comprising such a movement 100. This timepiece 200 is more particularly a watch.

L'invention procure un mécanisme simple, qui permet un entretien de l'oscillateur avec une force constante. Il en découle que l'entretien des oscillations est indépendant de l'état de charge du barillet ou du dispositif de stockage d'énergie utilisé. Le mécanisme selon l'invention est compact, et se prête bien à la transformation et à l'amélioration d'un mouvement existant.The invention provides a simple mechanism that allows maintenance of the oscillator with constant force. It follows that the oscillation maintenance is independent of the state of charge of the cylinder or the storage device of energy used. The mechanism according to the invention is compact, and lends itself well to the transformation and improvement of an existing movement.

Claims (12)

Mécanisme d'échappement (1) à force constante pour mouvement d'horlogerie (100), agencé pour être intercalé entre, d'un premier côté amont un rouage (2) entraîné par un dispositif de stockage d'énergie (3), et, d'un deuxième côté aval un oscillateur (4), ledit mécanisme d'échappement (1) comportant, de l'amont vers l'aval: - une roue d'entrée (7) ; - une bascule de détente (8), - une roue d'échappement (6) ; - un arrêtoir (5) ; où ledit arrêtoir (5) est agencé pour coopérer en aval avec un dit oscillateur (4) et en amont avec une première denture (9) que comporte ladite roue d'échappement (6), où ladite roue d'échappement (6) est un composant flexible monobloc comportant d'une part une serge (10) porteuse de ladite première denture (9) et d'autre part un pignon (12) engrenant en permanence avec ladite roue d'entrée (7) laquelle est agencée pour engrener avec l'entrée d'un dit rouage (2), et ladite serge (10) et ledit pignon (12) étant reliés l'un à l'autre par des bras flexibles (11) agencés pour emmagasiner de l'énergie en provenance dudit rouage (2) et la restituer selon la position de ladite bascule de détente (8), caractérisé en ce que ladite bascule de détente (8) comporte un premier bras (13) agencé pour coopérer avec ladite première denture (9) de ladite roue d'échappement (6), et un deuxième bras (14) agencé pour coopérer avec une deuxième denture (15) que comporte ladite roue d'entrée (7) pour stopper ou libérer cette dernière, en ce que ladite bascule de détente (8) est agencée pour basculer, autour d'un guidage en pivotement (16) qu'elle comporte, à chaque passage d'au moins une dent de ladite première denture (9) de ladite roue d'échappement (6), et en ce que ledit guidage en pivotement (16) est dimensionné pour autoriser le passage d'un nombre déterminé de dents de ladite deuxième denture (15) de ladite roue d'entrée (7).A constant force escapement mechanism (1) for a clockwork movement (100), arranged to be interposed between, on a first upstream side, a gear train (2) driven by an energy storage device (3), and a second downstream side an oscillator (4), said exhaust mechanism (1) comprising, from upstream to downstream: an input wheel (7); a trigger rocker (8), an escape wheel (6); - a stop (5); where said stop (5) is arranged to cooperate downstream with said oscillator (4) and upstream with a first toothing (9) that includes said escape wheel (6), where said escape wheel (6) is a one-piece flexible component comprising on the one hand a serge (10) carrying said first toothing (9) and on the other hand a pinion (12) meshing permanently with said input wheel (7) which is arranged to mesh with the entrance of a said train (2), and said serge (10) and said pinion (12) being connected to each other by flexible arms (11) arranged for storing energy from said gear (2) and restore it according to the position of said trigger rocker (8), characterized in that said trigger rocker (8) comprises a first arm (13) arranged to cooperate with said first toothing (9) of said wheel exhaust (6), and a second arm (14) arranged to cooperate with a second toothing (15) that includes input wheel (7) for stopping or releasing the latter, in that said trigger rocker (8) is arranged for tilting, around a pivoting guide (16) that it comprises, at each passage of least one tooth of said first toothing (9) of said escape wheel (6), and in that said pivoting guide (16) is sized to allow the passage of a predetermined number of teeth of said second toothing (15). ) of said input wheel (7). Mécanisme d'échappement (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que au moins un desdits bras flexibles (11) comporte une butée agencée pour limiter l'amplitude de pivotement de ladite roue d'entrée (7).Exhaust mechanism (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of said flexible arms (11) comprises an abutment arranged to limit the pivoting amplitude of said input wheel (7). Mécanisme d'échappement (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que ladite roue d'entrée (7) est une roue de seconde.Exhaust mechanism (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said input wheel (7) is a second wheel. Mécanisme d'échappement (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que ledit deuxième bras (14) de ladite bascule de détente (8) comporte un secteur denté (17) agencé pour coopérer avec ladite deuxième denture (15) de ladite roue d'entrée (7).Exhaust mechanism (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said second arm (14) of said trigger rocker (8) comprises a toothed sector (17) arranged to cooperate with said second toothing ( 15) of said input wheel (7). Mécanisme d'échappement (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un pont (18) qui est monobloc avec ledit guidage en pivotement (16) de ladite bascule de détente (8) et avec celle-ci.Exhaust mechanism (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a bridge (18) which is integral with said pivoting guide (16) of said trigger rocker (8) and with it. Mécanisme d'échappement (1) selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que ledit arrêtoir (5) est monobloc avec ledit pont (18) et comporte des moyens de guidage flexibles autorisant son pivotement et agencés pour limiter sa course de pivotement.Exhaust mechanism (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that said retainer (5) is integral with said bridge (18) and comprises flexible guide means permitting its pivoting and arranged to limit its pivoting stroke. Mécanisme d'échappement (1) selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que ledit pont (18) comporte des moyens de rappel élastique (19) agissant sur ledit premier bras (13) et/ou deuxième bras (14).Exhaust mechanism (1) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that said bridge (18) comprises elastic return means (19) acting on said first arm (13) and / or second arm (14). Mécanisme d'échappement (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que ledit arrêtoir (5) est une ancre.Exhaust mechanism (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said retainer (5) is an anchor. Mouvement d'horlogerie (100) comportant, intercalé entre, d'un premier côté amont un rouage (2) entraîné par un dispositif de stockage d'énergie (3), et, d'un deuxième côté aval un oscillateur (4), un dit mécanisme d'échappement (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8.A watch movement (100) comprising, interposed between, a first upstream side a gear train (2) driven by an energy storage device (3), and a second downstream side an oscillator (4), an exhaust mechanism (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8. Mouvement d'horlogerie (100) selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que ledit oscillateur (4) est un ensemble balancier-spiral.Clockwork movement (100) according to claim 9, characterized in that said oscillator (4) is a pendulum-balance assembly. Mouvement d'horlogerie (100) selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que ledit oscillateur (4) est un diapason.Clockwork movement (100) according to claim 9, characterized in that said oscillator (4) is a tuning fork. Pièce d'horlogerie (200) comportant un mouvement (100) selon la revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est une montre.Timepiece (200) comprising a movement (100) according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that it is a watch.
EP14178104.7A 2014-07-23 2014-07-23 Constant-force escapement mechanism Active EP2977830B1 (en)

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EP14178104.7A EP2977830B1 (en) 2014-07-23 2014-07-23 Constant-force escapement mechanism
RU2017105855A RU2688847C2 (en) 2014-07-23 2015-06-19 Constant force trigger
CN201580002546.3A CN105706005B (en) 2014-07-23 2015-06-19 Constant force escapement
JP2016523980A JP6244456B2 (en) 2014-07-23 2015-06-19 Constant force escapement mechanism
US15/027,627 US9804567B2 (en) 2014-07-23 2015-06-19 Constant force escapement mechanism
PCT/EP2015/063816 WO2016012166A2 (en) 2014-07-23 2015-06-19 Constant-force escapement mechanism
HK16114157A HK1225817B (en) 2014-07-23 2016-12-13 Constant-force escapement mechanism

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WO2016012166A2 (en) 2016-01-28
HK1225817B (en) 2017-09-15
US20160252881A1 (en) 2016-09-01
JP6244456B2 (en) 2017-12-06
RU2017105855A3 (en) 2019-04-25
CN105706005A (en) 2016-06-22
RU2688847C2 (en) 2019-05-22
CN105706005B (en) 2017-09-12
WO2016012166A3 (en) 2016-03-17
EP2977830B1 (en) 2017-08-30
US9804567B2 (en) 2017-10-31
JP2016533492A (en) 2016-10-27

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