EP2976486B1 - Dispositif d'équipement de forage spécialement conçu pour aléser un trou de forage dans une formation rocheuse et procédé d'alésage d'un trou de forage dans une formation rocheuse - Google Patents

Dispositif d'équipement de forage spécialement conçu pour aléser un trou de forage dans une formation rocheuse et procédé d'alésage d'un trou de forage dans une formation rocheuse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2976486B1
EP2976486B1 EP14772571.7A EP14772571A EP2976486B1 EP 2976486 B1 EP2976486 B1 EP 2976486B1 EP 14772571 A EP14772571 A EP 14772571A EP 2976486 B1 EP2976486 B1 EP 2976486B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drill
pilot hole
axial drive
string
drilling unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP14772571.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2976486A1 (fr
EP2976486A4 (fr
Inventor
Per Olav Haughom
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Norhard As
Original Assignee
Norhard As
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2976486A4 publication Critical patent/EP2976486A4/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/006—Mechanical motion converting means, e.g. reduction gearings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
    • E21B10/28—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with non-expansible roller cutters
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/08—Roller bits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/04—Electric drives
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
    • E21B7/30—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring without earth removal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drilling equipment device for use when reaming a pilot hole in a rock formation, in which a drilling unit comprises a rotatable drill-bit structure fitted with roller cutters, which are arranged to break up the rock formation.
  • the invention also relates to a method of reaming a pilot hole in a rock formation.
  • a reaming unit is typically rotated by means of a rotating drill string through a predrilled hole.
  • the drill string is subjected to great torsional forces that result in material fatigue and a short lifetime.
  • the achievable hole length is limited because the torsion will become too great with a large drill-string length.
  • torsion in a long rotating drill string gives large vibrations and varying stresses on the drilling device, hence reduced lifetime.
  • US 3399738 discloses a self-propelled drilling machine for drilling a pilot hole and reaming the pilot hole.
  • a fixed machine unit drives a drill string for drilling a pilot hole.
  • the machine unit is reset for reaming the pilot hole by the machine unit being provided with a reaming drill bit which is rotated while the machine unit is moved gradually along the drill string in the pilot hole.
  • US2011/0079443 discloses a hole opener including a reaming section which is connected to and follows right behind a pilot drill bit. Cutting-element details in the reaming section are described in particular.
  • US4117895 A discloses a hole-opener and a hole-opener apparatus for enlarging a pilot hole of the inverted arcuate type, which bypasses an obstacle, the pilot hole having an entrance and terminal end, both ends usually being accessible to surface drilling equipment.
  • a drill motor located on a ramp is rotating a pipe with a hole opener attached at its forward end.
  • a swivel body is rotating with the hole opener and is provided with a pilot nose protruding from the hole opener and carrying at its forward end a swivel assembly screwed on the pilot nose.
  • the swivel may be connected to a tubular member and drill pipe or to a cable located in the pilot hole.
  • the progress of the rotating hole opener is achieved by pushing the rotating pipe and/or pulling the drill pipe or the cable, the rotation of the hole opener being provided by the drill motor located outside the entrance of the enlarged (reamed) bore hole.
  • US3508620 A discloses a down reaming apparatus with an upper stabilizer and a lower stabilizer located in the pilot hole. A weighted cutter head is rotated with a drill string.
  • the invention has for its object to remedy or reduce at least one of the drawbacks of prior art or at least provide a useful alternative to the prior art.
  • a drilling device with an electrically driven drill bit has been provided, in which the rotation of the drill bit is provided by electromotors, without a drill string, which is pulling the drill bit in the axial direction, rotating.
  • a drilling device which is used in performing the reaming includes a rotating drill bit with rotating roller cutters that are pressed against a rock formation, thereby breaking particles loose.
  • the rotation is driven by one or more motors, typically electromotors, through suitable gear transmissions.
  • the power supply is effected via cables through the predrilled hole from the surface.
  • Necessary pressure on the drill bit is provided by the drill string which is assembled from drill-string sections and is moved in the axial direction of the borehole by an axial drive, typically a hydraulic axial drive positioned on the surface.
  • the rotational torque arising through the rotation of the drill bit is transmitted to the rock formation through supporting feet that are pressed against a surrounding borehole wall by means of hydraulic cylinders.
  • Drilled particles are transported out through the borehole behind the drilling device, for example by means of gravity through a sufficiently steep borehole, or they are flushed out with water if the borehole has a low gradient behind the drilling device.
  • the invention relates more specifically to a drilling equipment device for use when reaming a pilot hole in a rock formation, in which a drilling unit includes a rotatable drill-bit structure fitted with roller cutters which are arranged to break up the rock formation, the rotatable drill-bit structure being connected to a non-rotatable drill string extending through the pilot hole and being connected to an axial drive outside the pilot hole and distant from the drilling unit, characterized by the non-rotatable drill string is axially displaceable, and the drill-bit structure and a connected housing are supported on a drill stem which is connected to an end portion of said drill string distant from the axial drive in a non-rotational manner, and wherein rotation of the housing and the drill-bit structure is provided by driving motors connected to the housing and the drill-bit structure via a gear system including gear wheels in mesh with a gear rim, and wherein the axial drive includes a carriage displaceable along a carriage guide which is pivotably connected to a bottom frame, the
  • the drill string may be sectioned, the drill-string sections being provided with rotationally rigid couplings.
  • Cables arranged for carrying energy and control signals may be arranged along the drill string.
  • a portion of the cables may be wound on one or more cable drums arranged at the axial drive.
  • the invention relates more specifically to a method of reaming a pilot hole in a rock formation, characterized by the method including the following steps:
  • the method may include the further step:
  • the drill string is typically subjected to a pull force of about 80 tonnes, whereas the torque to be absorbed by the supporting feet is typically about 2.5 tonne metres.
  • a compressive force of about 10 tonnes against the borehole wall is required in order to absorb a torque of about 2.5 tonne metres.
  • the axial pull force applied to the drill string by the axial drive will thereby be able to pull the drilling unit in the axial direction while the supporting feet are abutting against and sliding along the borehole wall.
  • the supporting feet may be arranged on a structure which is connected in a rotationally rigid, but axially displaceable manner to the drilling unit, so that the supporting feet do not have to slide along the borehole wall during the axial displacement of the drilling unit, but are disengaged, pulled axially towards the drilling unit and set again during a halt in the drilling operation.
  • two sets of supporting feet may be used, acting independently of each other and alternating between abutment against the borehole wall and axial displacement. Thereby the drilling operation may run uninterruptedly while the torque is continuously absorbed by a set of non-moving supporting feet.
  • the advantage of this is that the axial drive does not have to overcome the friction force between the supporting feet and the borehole wall.
  • the supporting feet are subjected to less wear.
  • the reference numeral 1 indicates a rock formation in which a pilot hole 13 has been drilled, which is being reamed to a larger borehole 8 by means of a drilling device 2'.
  • a drilling unit 2 is driven forwards in the axial direction of the borehole 8 by means of a sectioned drill string 4 extending through the pilot hole 13 and being connected to an axial drive 11.
  • the transmission of energy and control signals to the drilling unit 2 is effected via cables 14 clamped to the drill string 4.
  • the cables 14 are wound onto a cable drum 3 positioned on the surface.
  • a control unit 7 includes the equipment necessary for controlling and operating the drilling device 2'.
  • the drilling unit 2 comprises a rotatable drill bit 12' which is provided, in a manner known per se, with roller cutters 12 with wear coating which are pressed against the rock formation while, at the same time, being set in rotation by the rotation of the drill bit 12'.
  • the roller cutters 12 are attached to a drill-bit structure 15 which in turn is connected to an outer housing 16 supported with bearings 22 on an inner drill stem 21.
  • the drill stem 21 projects from a centre opening in the drill bit 12' and is connected in a rotationally rigid manner to the drill string 4 through a coupling 45.
  • the rotation of the drill-bit structure 15 and the outer housing 16 is provided by driving motors 18, typically electromotors, fixed to the drill stem 21 and connected to a gear system 17 including gear wheels 20 engaging a gear rim 19 connected to the outer housing 16.
  • driving motors 18, typically electromotors fixed to the drill stem 21 and connected to a gear system 17 including gear wheels 20 engaging a gear rim 19 connected to the outer housing 16.
  • the cables 14 are extended in cut-outs through the drill stem 21 up to the driving motors 18.
  • the knee-joint linkages 24, 29 are connected to the first and second supporting structures 25, 26 via pivot joints 46.
  • the first supporting structure 25 is connected to the first linear actuator 27, typically a hydraulic cylinder, which, through the first structure 25, which is displaceable in the direction of the second supporting structure 26, and the knee-joint linkages 24, 29 can exert a clamping force on the supporting feet 23.
  • a spring 28 has been fitted between the supporting structures 25, 26 so that if the hydraulic pressure is uncontrolledly absent, the supporting feet 23 will retract to prevent the supporting feet 23 from being pressed against the rock formation 1 and impeding the withdrawal of the drilling unit 2 from the borehole 8.
  • the drill string 4 is formed from several drill-string sections 4a which are each connected to an adjacent drill-string section by means of a first coupling portion 39 and a corresponding coupling bolt (see in particular figures 4-6 and 8 ) of a second adjacent coupling portion 40.
  • Each drill-string section 4a is provided, in an end portion, with an engagement portion 31 arranged to lockingly engage with a locking device 36 arranged in the carriage-guide frame 10 (see figure 10 ).
  • an axial drive 11 is arranged, consisting of a bottom frame 9 connected through pivot joints 43 to a carriage-guide frame 10.
  • a carriage guide 33 is further connected, which is arranged to form a guide track for a carriage 5.
  • the carriage-guide frame 10 is provided with a projecting frame portion 41 which is connected to the bottom frame 9 distant from the pivot joints 43 via second linear actuators 34, typically hydraulic cylinders, so that the carriage-guide structure 10 with the carriage guide 33 may be placed at a desired angle relative to the bottom frame 9.
  • two third linear actuators 6, typically hydraulic cylinders, are arranged, connected at their upper ends to the carriage 5 and at their lower ends to the carriage-guide frame 10.
  • the carriage 5 may be connected to the drill string 4 via the coupling portion 39 of the drill-string section 4a.
  • the drill string 4 is locked by means of a locking device 36 arranged in the carriage-guide frame 10, which engages the engagement portion 31 of the adjacent, next drill-string section of the drill string 4.
  • the locking device 36 is moved by means of a fourth linear actuator 35, typically a hydraulic cylinder.
  • the locking device 36 When the locking device 36 is in its locked position, the upper section 4a of the drill string 4 is removed and the carriage 5 is run down and reconnected to the drill string 4 that is locked. The locking device 36 is released and the drill string 4 may be displaced further together with the drilling unit 2.
  • the sequence is repeated in the reverse order when the drilling unit 2 is to be displaced in the opposite direction out of the borehole 8.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Un dispositif d'équipement de forage (2') destiné à être utilisé lors de l'alésage d'un avant-trou (13) dans une formation rocheuse (1), une unité de forage (2) comprenant une structure de trépan de forage rotatif (15) équipée de molettes (12) qui sont agencées pour rompre la formation rocheuse (1), la structure de trépan de forage rotatif (15) étant connectée à un train de tiges de forage non rotatives (4) s'étendant à travers l'avant-trou (13) et étant connectée à un entrainement axial (11) à l'extérieur de l'avant-trou (13) et à distance de l'unité de forage (2), caractérisé en ce que le train de tiges de forage non rotatives (4) peut être déplacé axialement, et la structure de trépan de forage (15) et un boîtier connecté (16) sont supportés sur une tige de forage (21) qui est connectée à une partie terminale du dit train de tiges de forage (4) à distance de l'entrainement axial (11) de manière non rotative, et dans lequel la rotation du boitier (16) et de la structure de trépan de forage (15) est fournie par de moteurs d'entrainement (18) connectés au boitier (16) et la structure de trépan de forage (15) à travers un système d'engrenages (17) incluant des roues d'engrenage (20) en maillage avec un bord d'engrenage (19), et dans lequel l'entrainement axial (11) inclut un chariot (5) pouvant être déplacé le long d'un guide de chariot (33) qui est connecté de manière pivotante à un cadre inférieur (9), le chariot (5) étant agencé pour être connecté à une partie d'enclenchement (31) d'une section de train de tiges de forage (4a).
  2. Le dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le train de tiges de forage (4) est sectionné, les sections de train de tiges de forage (4a) étant munies de couplages rotativement rigides (39,40).
  3. Le dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel des câbles (14) disposés pour transmettre de l'énergie et des signaux de commande sont disposés le long du train de tiges de forage (4).
  4. Le dispositif selon la revendication 3, dans lequel une partie des câbles (14) est enroulée sur un ou plusieurs tambours à câble (3) disposés au niveau de l'entrainement axial (11).
  5. Un procédé d'alésage d'un avant-trou (13) dans une formation rocheuse (1), caractérisé en ce que le procédé inclut les étapes suivantes:
    - placer un train de tiges de forage non rotatif et sectionné (4) dans l'avant-trou (13) avec les premières et secondes parties terminales du train de tiges de forage projettant hors de l'avant-trou (13);
    - prévoir une unité de forage (2) comprenant une structure de trépan de forage rotatif (15) et un boitier (16) connecté pouvant être tourné sur une tige de forage (21), des moteurs d'entraînement (18) connectés au boitier (16) et la structure de trépan de forage (15) à travers un système d'engrenages (17) incluant des roues d'engrenage (20) en maille avec un bord d'engrenage (19);
    - prévoir un entraînement axial (11), en dehors de l'avant-trou (13), l'entraînement axial (11) incluant un chariot (5) pouvant être déplacé le long d'un guide de chariot (33) qui est connecté de manière pivotante à un cadre inférieur (9), le chariot (5) étant agencé pour être connecté à une partie d'enclenchement (31) de la section de train de tiges de forage (4a);
    - connecter la première partie terminale du train de tiges de forage (4) à la tige de forage (21) de l'unité de forage (2) au niveau d'une extrémité de l'avant-trou (13);
    - connecter la seconde partie terminale du train de tiges de forage (4) à l'entraînement axial (11) au niveau d'une terminaison opposée de l'avant-trou (13);
    - mettre en rotation le trépan de forage (12') disposé dans l'unité de forage (2) par l'intermédiaire des moteurs d'entraînement (18); et
    - déplacer l'unité de forage (2) vers la terminaison opposée de 1"avant-trou (13) au moyen d'un entraînement axial (11) en déplaçant l'entraînement axial (11) le long du guide de chariot (33), ainsi plaçant le trépan de forage (12') sur la formation rocheuse (1) destinée à être coupée.
  6. Le procédé selon la revendication 5, dans lequel le procédé inclut en outre l'étape suivante:
    - centrer l'unité de forage (2) dans un trou de forage (8) alésé au moyen de plusieurs pieds de support (23) disposés sur la périphérie de l'unité de forage (2).
EP14772571.7A 2013-03-22 2014-03-18 Dispositif d'équipement de forage spécialement conçu pour aléser un trou de forage dans une formation rocheuse et procédé d'alésage d'un trou de forage dans une formation rocheuse Active EP2976486B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20130420 2013-03-22
NO20140315A NO342521B1 (no) 2013-03-22 2014-03-12 Boreinnretning spesielt tilrettelagt for opprømming av borehull i en fjellformasjon, samt en framgangsmåte for opprømming av et borehull i en fjellformasjon
PCT/NO2014/050040 WO2014158026A1 (fr) 2013-03-22 2014-03-18 Dispositif d'équipement de forage spécialement conçu pour aléser un trou de forage dans une formation rocheuse et procédé d'alésage d'un trou de forage dans une formation rocheuse

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2976486A1 EP2976486A1 (fr) 2016-01-27
EP2976486A4 EP2976486A4 (fr) 2016-11-09
EP2976486B1 true EP2976486B1 (fr) 2018-08-22

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ID=51624861

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14772571.7A Active EP2976486B1 (fr) 2013-03-22 2014-03-18 Dispositif d'équipement de forage spécialement conçu pour aléser un trou de forage dans une formation rocheuse et procédé d'alésage d'un trou de forage dans une formation rocheuse

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2976486B1 (fr)
NO (1) NO342521B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014158026A1 (fr)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3399738A (en) * 1966-06-06 1968-09-03 Smith Ind International Inc Raise driver

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3301581A (en) * 1965-09-30 1967-01-31 Robbins & Assoc James S Drilling shafts
US3508620A (en) * 1968-01-02 1970-04-28 Allied Chem Excavation apparatus
US3894402A (en) * 1974-07-19 1975-07-15 Martin D Cherrington Apparatus and method for emplacing a conduit along an underground arcuate path
US4117895A (en) * 1977-03-30 1978-10-03 Smith International, Inc. Apparatus and method for enlarging underground arcuate bore holes
US4401170A (en) * 1979-09-24 1983-08-30 Reading & Bates Construction Co. Apparatus for drilling underground arcuate paths and installing production casings, conduits, or flow pipes therein
US4381038A (en) * 1980-11-21 1983-04-26 The Robbins Company Raise bit with cutters stepped in a spiral and flywheel
DE3842081A1 (de) * 1988-03-15 1989-09-28 Hausherr & Soehne Rudolf Bohrgeraet
US5325932A (en) * 1992-03-27 1994-07-05 The Robbins Company Down reaming apparatus
US8448724B2 (en) 2009-10-06 2013-05-28 Baker Hughes Incorporated Hole opener with hybrid reaming section

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3399738A (en) * 1966-06-06 1968-09-03 Smith Ind International Inc Raise driver

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2976486A1 (fr) 2016-01-27
EP2976486A4 (fr) 2016-11-09
NO20140315A1 (no) 2014-09-23
WO2014158026A1 (fr) 2014-10-02
NO342521B1 (no) 2018-06-04

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