EP2969128B1 - Systeme zur anzeige des lebensdauerendes für geschichtete filterpatronen - Google Patents

Systeme zur anzeige des lebensdauerendes für geschichtete filterpatronen Download PDF

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EP2969128B1
EP2969128B1 EP14712972.0A EP14712972A EP2969128B1 EP 2969128 B1 EP2969128 B1 EP 2969128B1 EP 14712972 A EP14712972 A EP 14712972A EP 2969128 B1 EP2969128 B1 EP 2969128B1
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sorbent
layer
sorbent layer
gas
layers
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French (fr)
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EP2969128A1 (de
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Kevin A. Frankel
J. Christopher THOMAS
Melissa A. CHECKY
Maria L. Zelinsky
Denise L. GODDARD
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3M Innovative Properties Co
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3M Innovative Properties Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
    • A62B18/08—Component parts for gas-masks or gas-helmets, e.g. windows, straps, speech transmitters, signal-devices
    • A62B18/088—Devices for indicating filter saturation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B9/00—Component parts for respiratory or breathing apparatus
    • A62B9/006—Indicators or warning devices, e.g. of low pressure, contamination
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0454—Controlling adsorption
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B19/00—Cartridges with absorbing substances for respiratory apparatus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B7/00—Respiratory apparatus
    • A62B7/10—Respiratory apparatus with filter elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/102—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/104—Alumina
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
    • B01D2253/108—Zeolites
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/20—Organic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/204—Metal organic frameworks (MOF's)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/204—Inorganic halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/2045—Hydrochloric acid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/206—Organic halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/2064—Chlorine
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B01D2257/702—Hydrocarbons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B01D2257/702—Hydrocarbons
    • B01D2257/7027—Aromatic hydrocarbons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/06—Polluted air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/414—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using different types of adsorbents
    • B01D2259/4141—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using different types of adsorbents within a single bed
    • B01D2259/4145—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using different types of adsorbents within a single bed arranged in series
    • B01D2259/4146—Contiguous multilayered adsorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/45—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications
    • B01D2259/4541—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications for portable use, e.g. gas masks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/14—Safety devices specially adapted for filtration; Devices for indicating clogging
    • B01D35/143—Filter condition indicators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/14—Safety devices specially adapted for filtration; Devices for indicating clogging
    • B01D35/143—Filter condition indicators
    • B01D35/1435—Filter condition indicators with alarm means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
    • B01D53/0415—Beds in cartridges

Definitions

  • the filter media comprises a multi-layer construction
  • the multi-layer construction comprises a first sorbent layer configured to adsorb the organic vapor from the gas, a second sorbent layer directly adjacent to the first sorbent layer and configured to adsorb the organic vapor from the gas medium, wherein the second sorbent layer is closer in proximity to the gas outlet than the first sorbent layer, and a sensing element adjacent to the first and second sorbent layers such that an indicating element of the sensing element is located at the interface between the first and second sorbent layers, , at a location within the filter cartridge such that the sensing element is configured to indicate when an adsorption wavefront containing an organic vapor contaminant reaches the interface between first and the second sorbent layers.
  • the sensing element may be located anywhere within the filter cartridge as long at least a portion is present at the interface between the first and second sorbent layers, in some embodiments it may be desirable that the sensing element be located on the wall of the sealed filter cartridge housing. In this way the sensing element signal, either optical or electronic, is readily transmitted to the user. In some embodiments with colorimetric sensing elements, the colorimetric sensing element is located on the wall of the sealed filter cartridge housing directly adjacent to a window or other viewing device.

Claims (8)

  1. System umfassend ein Atemkopfstück, einen Schlauch und eine Filterpatrone (100, 200, 300), das in der Lage ist, Verunreinigungen, die organischen Dampf umfassen, aus einem Gasmedium zu entfernen, wobei die Filterpatrone umfasst:
    ein abgedichtetes Patronengehäuse, umfassend:
    einen Gaseinlass (110, 210, 310), der so konfiguriert ist, dass er mit der äußeren Umgebung in Fluidverbindung steht;
    Filtermedium und
    einen Gasauslass (140, 240, 340), wobei der Gasauslass einen Auslassanschluss umfasst, der das Patronengehäuse mit einem Schlauch verbindet, um dem Atemkopfstück gefiltertes Gasmedium zuzuführen, und so konfiguriert ist, dass er entweder direkt oder indirekt in Fluidverbindung mit dem Benutzer steht,
    wobei das Filtermedium einen mehrschichtigen Aufbau umfasst, umfassend:
    eine erste Sorptionsmittelschicht (120, 220, 320), die konfiguriert ist, um den organischen Dampf aus dem Gasmedium zu adsorbieren;
    eine zweite Sorptionsmittelschicht (130, 230, 330) direkt angrenzend an die erste Sorptionsmittelschicht und konfiguriert, um den organischen Dampf aus dem Gasmedium zu adsorbieren, wobei die zweite Sorptionsmittelschicht näher an dem Gasauslass liegt als die erste Sorptionsmittelschicht; wobei die erste Sorptionsmittelschicht eine höhere Adsorptionsfähigkeit und/oder höhere Adsorptionsrate für den organischen Dampf als die zweite Sorptionsmittelschicht aufweist;
    und
    ein Sensorelement (150, 250, 350) derartig angrenzend an die erste und die zweite Sorptionsmittelschicht, dass sich ein Anzeigeelement des Sensorelements derartig an der Grenzfläche zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Sorptionsmittelschicht an einem Ort innerhalb der Filterpatrone befindet, dass das Sensorelement konfiguriert ist, um anzugeben, wenn eine Adsorptionswellenfront mit einer organischen Dampfverunreinigung die Grenzfläche zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Sorptionsmittelschicht erreicht.
  2. System nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Gasmedium Luft ist, wobei die erste Sorptionsmittelschicht eine erste Aktivkohle umfasst und die zweite Sorptionsmittelschicht eine zweite Aktivkohle umfasst, und wobei das Verhältnis von A1, dem Adsorptionsfaktor für die erste Sorptionsmittelschicht (120, 220, 320), zu A2, dem Adsorptionsfaktor für die zweite Sorptionsmittelschicht (130, 230, 330), A1/A2 > 1 beträgt, wobei der Adsorptionsfaktor für eine Sorptionsmittelschicht bestimmt wird anhand der Formel: A = k v × SL ,
    Figure imgb0003
    worin A der Adsorptionsfaktor ist;
    kv der effektive Adsorptionsratenkoeffizient (in Minuten-1) ist und
    SL die Nutzlebensdauer (Service Life) (in Minuten) ist, also die Zeit, die erforderlich ist, um 1 % Durchbruch der gegebenen Dampfbelastung bei Standardtemperatur und -druck zu erreichen, wobei der kv- und der SL-Wert unter Verwendung der in Wood, Journal of the American Industrial Hygiene Association, Band 55(1), Seite 11-15, (1994), beschriebenen Methodologie bestimmt werden.
  3. System nach Anspruch 1, wobei jede Sorptionsmittelschicht ein Sorptionsmittelvolumen umfasst und die Volumina der Sorptionsmittelschichten zusammen ein kombiniertes Sorptionsmittelvolumen bilden und das Volumen der ersten Sorptionsmittelschicht (120, 220, 320) größer als 40 % des kombinierten Sorptionsmittelvolumens ist.
  4. System nach Anspruch 1, wobei die erste Sorptionsmittelschicht (120, 220, 320) und die zweite Sorptionsmittelschicht (130, 230, 330) diskrete Schichten sind.
  5. System nach Anspruch 1, wobei die erste und die zweite Sorptionsmittelschicht Schichten aus Aktivkohle, Siliciumdioxid, Aluminiumoxid, Metalloxiden, Metallhydroxiden oder Kombinationen davon umfassen.
  6. System nach Anspruch 5, wobei die erste Sorptionsmittelschicht (120, 220, 320) eine Aktivkohle umfasst und die zweite Sorptionsmittelschicht (130, 230, 330) eine unterschiedliche Aktivkohle umfasst.
  7. Verfahren zum Herausfiltern von Verunreinigungen, die organischen Dampf umfassen, aus einem Gas, umfassend:
    Bereitstellen einer Filterpatrone (100, 200, 300), wobei die Filterpatrone umfasst:
    ein abgedichtetes Patronengehäuse, umfassend:
    einen Gaseinlass (110, 210, 310), der so konfiguriert ist, dass er mit der äußeren Umgebung in Fluidverbindung steht;
    Filtermedium und
    einen Gasauslass (140, 240, 340), wobei der Gasauslass einen Auslassanschluss umfasst, der konfiguriert ist, um das Patronengehäuse mit einem Schlauch zu verbinden, um einem Atemkopfstück oder einer Beatmungsvorrichtung gefiltertes Gas zuzuführen, und so konfiguriert ist, dass er entweder direkt oder indirekt in Fluidverbindung mit dem Benutzer steht;
    wobei das Filtermedium einen mehrschichtigen Aufbau umfasst, umfassend:
    eine erste Sorptionsmittelschicht (120, 220, 320), die konfiguriert ist, um den organischen Dampf aus dem Gas zu adsorbieren;
    eine zweite Sorptionsmittelschicht (130, 230, 330) direkt angrenzend an die erste Sorptionsmittelschicht und konfiguriert, um den organischen Dampf aus dem Gasmedium zu adsorbieren, wobei die zweite Sorptionsmittelschicht näher an dem Gasauslass liegt als die erste Sorptionsmittelschicht; wobei die erste Sorptionsmittelschicht eine höhere Adsorptionsfähigkeit und/oder höhere Adsorptionsrate für den organischen Dampf als die zweite Sorptionsmittelschicht aufweist; und
    ein Sensorelement (150, 250, 350) derartig angrenzend an die erste und die zweite Sorptionsmittelschicht, dass sich ein Anzeigeelement des Sensorelements derartig an der Grenzfläche zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Sorptionsmittelschicht an einem Ort innerhalb der Filterpatrone befindet, dass das Sensorelement konfiguriert ist, um anzugeben, wenn eine Adsorptionswellenfront mit einer organischen Dampfverunreinigung die Grenzfläche zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Sorptionsmittelschicht erreicht;
    Bewirken, dass Gas durch die Filterpatrone strömt;
    Detektieren einer Erfassungsantwort in dem Sensorelement und
    Ersetzen der Filterpatrone.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, wobei das Gas Luft ist, wobei die erste Sorptionsmittelschicht eine erste Aktivkohle umfasst und die zweite Sorptionsmittelschicht eine zweite Aktivkohle umfasst, und wobei das Verhältnis von A1, dem Adsorptionsfaktor für die erste Sorptionsmittelschicht (120, 220, 320), zu A2, dem Adsorptionsfaktor für die zweite Sorptionsmittelschicht (130, 230, 330), A1/A2 > 1 beträgt, wobei der Adsorptionsfaktor für eine Sorptionsmittelschicht bestimmt wird anhand der Formel: A = k v × SL ,
    Figure imgb0004
    worin A der Adsorptionsfaktor ist;
    kv der effektive Adsorptionsratenkoeffizient (in Minuten-1) ist und
    SL die Nutzlebensdauer (Service Life) (in Minuten) ist, also die Zeit, die erforderlich ist, um 1 % Durchbruch der gegebenen Dampfbelastung bei Standardtemperatur und -druck zu erreichen, wobei der kv-Wert und der SL-Wert unter Verwendung der in Wood, Journal of the American Industrial Hygiene Association, Band 55(1), Seite 11-15, (1994), beschriebenen Methodologie bestimmt werden.
EP14712972.0A 2013-03-15 2014-03-07 Systeme zur anzeige des lebensdauerendes für geschichtete filterpatronen Not-in-force EP2969128B1 (de)

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US201361786795P 2013-03-15 2013-03-15
PCT/US2014/021513 WO2014149917A1 (en) 2013-03-15 2014-03-07 End of service life indicating systems for layered filter cartridges

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EP2969128B1 true EP2969128B1 (de) 2018-11-14

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US (1) US9751038B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2969128B1 (de)
JP (1) JP6370366B2 (de)
KR (1) KR20150131279A (de)
CN (1) CN105102103B (de)
AU (1) AU2014237705B2 (de)
BR (1) BR112015023574A2 (de)
RU (1) RU2617483C2 (de)
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US9958397B1 (en) * 2014-07-03 2018-05-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Self-indicating porous metal hydroxides incorporating metal reactants for toxic chemical removal and sensing
US10702828B1 (en) * 2015-08-26 2020-07-07 Benjamin C. Bedford, Jr. Odor filter
WO2017049525A1 (en) * 2015-09-24 2017-03-30 Honeywell International Inc. End of service life indicator for filter
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AU2014237705A1 (en) 2015-10-08
CN105102103B (zh) 2017-08-18
KR20150131279A (ko) 2015-11-24
US9751038B2 (en) 2017-09-05
JP2016518960A (ja) 2016-06-30
BR112015023574A2 (pt) 2017-07-18
AU2014237705B2 (en) 2017-03-09
WO2014149917A1 (en) 2014-09-25
RU2015140273A (ru) 2017-04-21
RU2617483C2 (ru) 2017-04-25
JP6370366B2 (ja) 2018-08-08
CN105102103A (zh) 2015-11-25
US20160030877A1 (en) 2016-02-04

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