EP2963299A1 - Method for compressing steam and steam compressor - Google Patents

Method for compressing steam and steam compressor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2963299A1
EP2963299A1 EP15001841.4A EP15001841A EP2963299A1 EP 2963299 A1 EP2963299 A1 EP 2963299A1 EP 15001841 A EP15001841 A EP 15001841A EP 2963299 A1 EP2963299 A1 EP 2963299A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
housing
compressor
medium
vapor
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP15001841.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2963299B1 (en
Inventor
Denecke KNUT
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Knut Denecke
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Knut Denecke
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Publication of EP2963299A1 publication Critical patent/EP2963299A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/34—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C18/344—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C18/3441—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/34—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C18/344—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C18/348—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the vanes positively engaging, with circumferential play, an outer rotatable member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00Ā -Ā F04C28/00
    • F04C29/02—Lubrication; Lubricant separation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2210/00—Fluid
    • F04C2210/10—Fluid working
    • F04C2210/1077—Steam

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for compressing a vapor of a medium by means of a rotary vane steam compressor having a rotor rotatably mounted about a drive shaft with at least one slide and at least one compressor chamber which is bounded by a housing and at least by the at least one slide.
  • the invention also relates to a rotary vane steam compressor for carrying out such a method.
  • the main field of application for such a method for compressing a vapor of a medium and the vapor compressor used therefor is the compression of water vapor.
  • other media such as alcohols or other hydrocarbons can be used.
  • the saturated steam temperature is to be raised, so that a more effective use of heat and heat recovery is achieved, for example, for working on the heat pump principle devices.
  • compressors can also be used for general gas compression as a compressor or for heat generation.
  • vapors can also be compressed by the method and the vapor compressor.
  • vapors are meant all gases which are produced during one-stage or multistage distillation of liquid mixtures, during evaporation, degassing or during drying.
  • compressors In compressing air to produce compressed air, compressors are known which have a water injection, the water being used for sealing, cooling and lubricating. Such a system is for example from the DE 10 2004 053 895 A1 known. The water is injected at different positions in the compression chamber and later separated again from the compressed gas. When compacting, it does not lead to a significant increase in temperature, so that the compressed compressed air has hardly absorbed water.
  • Lubrication with, for example, conventional pump technology known oils, such as hydraulic oil, can not be used in an economically meaningful way, since this oil would not be separable with economically acceptable expense of the compressed steam after he has left the compressor or the compressor chamber.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to develop a method for compressing a vapor of a medium as well as a rotary vane steam compressor so that the wear is reduced and at the same time the process is economically feasible with economically justifiable expense.
  • the invention achieves the stated object by a method for compressing a vapor of a medium by means of a rotary vane steam compressor having a rotor rotatably mounted about a drive shaft with at least one slide and at least one compressor chamber through a housing and at least by the at least one Slider is limited, wherein the method is characterized in that the medium is used in liquid form as a lubricant, which is passed through at least one feed in the storage in a gap space between the housing and the rotor.
  • the liquid introduced into the gap in liquid form serves as a lubricant and at the same time as a seal of the gap, so that the compressor chamber for sealing the vapor of the medium sealed and at the same time the wear is reduced by friction between the movable slide and the housing.
  • the lubricant does not have to be separated from the vapor of the medium in complex processes after it has left the vapor compressor. Since it is preferably the same medium, which is introduced only in different physical states in the compressor, a separation is not necessary.
  • this part simply becomes the vapor of the medium, which is in the compression chamber anyway of the vapor compressor is recorded.
  • the part of the liquid-introduced medium, which evaporates during the compression of the vapor of the medium, is absorbed by the later-compressed vapor of the medium and therefore does not have to be separated from it.
  • the vapor compressor is a rotary vane vapor compressor which has a rotor with at least one slide.
  • the rotor is rotatably mounted about a drive shaft.
  • the at least one slide is positioned on the rotor so that it is displaceably mounted, so that it protrudes more or less far beyond the outer circumference of the rotor depending on the displacement within its storage and with the projecting beyond this circumference end of the inner wall of the housing is applied.
  • the housing can be partially rotationally symmetrical about one housing axis, for example in the form of a hollow cylinder.
  • the drive shaft, about which the rotor is rotatably mounted, is advantageously arranged displaced relative to the housing axis, but both extend in parallel.
  • the at least one slide thereby moves with its protruding from the rotor end along the inner wall of the housing and with its radially extending side surfaces along end plates or housing flanges that define the housing in the axial direction.
  • both areas especially at high rotational speeds and rotational speeds of the rotor, strong friction occurs, so that advantageously there is also a gap space at all of these positions.
  • the medium can be introduced in liquid form, so that it reduces the friction as a lubricant.
  • the drive shaft of the rotor is advantageously mounted on mechanical seals, which are lubricated by the liquid medium, which is passed over the at least one feed into the storage.
  • the mechanical seals seal the compressor chamber against the external atmosphere at the drive axle.
  • other sealing elements such as a shaft seal, may be provided, but only as a safety seal, for example, in case of leakage, protect the bearing of the drive shaft.
  • the housing and / or the rotor are designed such that the liquid medium in the gap space is under a back pressure which is greater than a chamber pressure, under which the vapor of the medium is in the compression chamber.
  • a back pressure which is greater than a chamber pressure, under which the vapor of the medium is in the compression chamber.
  • This can be achieved by appropriate sealing measures of the gap, which are known in principle from the prior art, such as an opposing profiling, for example, the centrifugal pump principle, or a circumferential seal of the rotor against the walls of the housing, for example made of Teflon (PTFE) can exist.
  • the back pressure is advantageous in order to achieve that the introduced liquid medium does not evaporate immediately, but at least for a certain time exists in liquid form between the housing and the rotor and in particular its movably designed slide and so can seal and lubricate the gap.
  • the back pressure must be greater than the chamber pressure below which the vapor of the medium is in the compression chamber.
  • the backpressure is greater than the maximum chamber pressure that can be achieved during a circulation of the vapor compressor. Since the compressor is to compress and compress the vapor of the medium, the pressure inside the chamber must be increased.
  • the backpressure is advantageously greater than the maximum chamber pressure achievable in this way.
  • the liquid medium is introduced into the gap space as close as possible to the rotor axis in the case of a gap space extending at least in the radial direction as well. Due to the rotational movement of the rotor and the resulting centrifugal forces the medium introduced in liquid form is moved radially outward and thus fills the entire gap space. At the same time, the liquid medium is distributed by the at least one slide, which rotates with the rotor and performs at least a radial movement. According to the invention, the introduced liquid medium is also used, for example, to lubricate the mechanical seal of the drive shaft, which ensures the seal to the outside.
  • the sealing of the drive shaft can be done in this way, for example in the form of a Gleitringwellenabdichtung in this way. In this way, only a lubricant and sealant is necessary, which also can easily connect to the vapor to be compressed of the medium and not have to be separated after leaving the compressor in complex processes of this steam.
  • At least a portion of the liquid medium evaporates as it enters the compression chamber from the gap space.
  • the vapor of the medium should absorb as much of the liquid medium. For the uniform distribution of the medium on the housing inner wall of advantage. This is particularly advantageous when water vapor is compressed and liquid water is used as a lubricant.
  • the liquid medium is advantageously under the increased back pressure, which is greater than the chamber pressure within the evaporation chamber, there will be a so-called ā€œflash evaporation", which designates an almost sudden evaporation of a relatively large proportion of the liquid medium.
  • flash evaporation designates an almost sudden evaporation of a relatively large proportion of the liquid medium.
  • the evaporation performance is increased and at the same time the steam superheating of the vapor of the medium counteracted. Due to the evaporation of the medium introduced in liquid form, the vaporous medium is deprived of energy and thus the temperature is lowered.
  • the entire liquid portion of the medium evaporates as soon as it enters the compression chamber. In this case it is possible, for example by spraying or injecting, to introduce further liquid medium into the compression chamber so as to reduce the temperature of the steam and counteract steam overheating.
  • a non-vaporized portion of the liquid medium entering the compression chamber exits the compression chamber through at least one outlet opening through which the compressed vapor also exits the chamber.
  • an additional bore can be arranged and closed with a valve. Through this hole additional liquid medium can be introduced into the compression chamber.
  • the non-evaporated liquid medium collects in particular by the rotational movement of the rotor on the inner wall of the housing and can lubricate in this way, in particular in a rotary vane steam compressor, the slide in its contact with the housing wall.
  • At least a part of the housing can be formed by a rotating hollow cylinder.
  • the hollow cylinder rotates about a housing axis, which is a rotational symmetry axis of the housing and thus also of the hollow cylinder. It advantageously has the same rotational speed or speed as the rotor.
  • this rotating hollow cylinder is mounted in a further outer ring of the housing.
  • a gap between the hollow cylinder and the shell ring is in fluid communication with the compression chamber.
  • liquid medium emerging from the compressor chamber is usefully used.
  • an additional supply can be provided for further liquid medium. This can be done via injection openings or nozzles, can pass through the other liquid medium in this space.
  • the rotating hollow cylinder can be provided with recesses in areas in which, for example, the radially outer ends of the rotary valves abut the rotating hollow cylinder.
  • a proportion of the liquid medium would collect, so that here increases the sealing and lubricating effect for the same total amount of liquid medium within the compression chamber.
  • the vapor compressor is a rotary vane-type vapor compressor which has a housing and a rotor rotatably mounted about a drive shaft, wherein at least one slide is arranged on the rotor and is displaceable so as to radially outwardly rotate the rotor with respect to a rotor axis surmounted.
  • a gap is formed between the housing and the rotor, to which the at least one slide belongs, into which the medium can be introduced in liquid form via the feed.
  • two, three, more preferably four slides are arranged on the rotor. It is also possible to arrange a larger number of slides on the rotor. It has proven to be advantageous if the slide is not displaceable with respect to the rotor axis exactly radially outward or inward, but if an angle is included between the radial direction with respect to the rotor axes and the direction of displacement of the respective slide, which is different from 0 Ā°. An alignment of the displacement direction in the radial direction is possible.
  • a plurality of slides are arranged on the rotor.
  • the introduction of the liquid medium into the gap space is effected by the at least one feed, through which the liquid medium is preferably also introduced into the bearing of the drive shaft for lubricating the mechanical seal.
  • the medium enters after the lubrication of the mechanical seals in particular at least one end face of the compressor chamber into the chamber and is by the movement of the rotor with the slide along this end face, which is formed for example by a housing flange, in the gap between the rotor and the housing directed.
  • a separate supply, for example, within the slider or within an end face of the housing is not necessary.
  • the housing is formed by a hollow cylinder rotatably mounted about a housing axis, wherein the housing axis is parallel and displaced to the rotor axis, which extends in particular in the longitudinal and symmetry axis of the drive shaft extends.
  • An exemplary embodiment of such a rotary vane steam compressor has a hollow cylindrical housing with a housing inner diameter of for example 180 mm.
  • the axial length of the housing is for example 200 mm.
  • the rotor is arranged eccentrically, which has an outer diameter of for example 150 mm. This results in a total chamber volume of 1.56 dm 3 , wherein at each revolution of the rotor about twice this chamber volume is sucked. If such a compressor absorbs steam at an absolute pressure of, for example, 0.5 bar, this means a compression mass of 0.96 g per revolution and, at 1,000 revolutions per minute, a compression mass of 58 kg per hour.
  • the compressor capacity to be applied can be calculated.
  • the free surface of the slide, which applies the compaction performance, ie in the position in which the slider is moved out of the rotor as far as possible, is in this case, for example, 6,000 mm 2 .
  • the required force for this compression is 600 N, so that at a peripheral speed of the spool at 1,000 rpm of 8.64 m per second, a compressor capacity of 5,184 W results.
  • this compressor line would be fully incorporated into the increase in temperature of the steam. When using the water vapor, this leads to a temperature increase of 196 Ā° K.
  • the required amount of water to be evaporated in the compressor chamber to obtain a saturated steam temperature of for example 111 Ā° C at 1.5 bar absolute at the pressure outlet is at a compression capacity of, for example 50 kg per hour at about 8.3 liters per hour.
  • a compression capacity for example 50 kg per hour at about 8.3 liters per hour.
  • Other dimensions, pressure differences, inlet and outlet pressures are also possible.
  • the use of another medium leads to different temperature increase and compressor performance.
  • the liquid medium in particular water
  • the sliders which are parts of the rotor, are lubricated by the liquid under pressure in this area.
  • the slides are preferably as close as possible to the housing wall, in particular on the end walls, to what can be supported, for example, by force application elements, such as spring elements.
  • the slides slide in this case only on the housing wall and are lubricated by the film located thereon of liquid medium.
  • sealing elements are arranged on the end faces of the rotor, which effect a sealing of the end face of the rotor to the housing.
  • sealing elements are attached to the end faces of the hollow cylinder, which can be designed to rotate. These are for example in the form of sealing rings, which advantageously have the same diameter as the hollow cylinder. All of these sealing elements are in contact with the respective side wall and may advantageously be made of PTFE so that they have good sliding properties. This supports the sliding property of the lubricant.
  • the seals are for example provided with obliquely extending small grooves, so profiled that a fluid pressure in the direction of the outer housing ring between the rotating hollow cylinder and the outer housing ring surrounding the hollow cylinder is achieved.
  • the effect of this profiling is very similar to that of a centrifugal pump.
  • the pressure built up thereby ensures inter alia that the liquid medium, which acts as a lubricant, is kept under pressure in the intermediate space between the housing ring and the rotating hollow cylinder. Excess lubricant re-emerges on the side where the pressure in the compression chamber is lower. This is the side on which the suction opening is located. This results in a desired circulation of the lubricant, which is supported by the internal friction between the rotating hollow cylinder and the housing ring.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view through a vapor compressor 1, which has a housing 2, which is partially formed in the illustrated embodiment by a rotating hollow cylinder 4.
  • a rotor 6 is arranged, which is rotatably mounted about a rotor axis 8. He has a drive shaft 10 which is driven by a motor, not shown.
  • a shroud 12 Outside the hollow cylinder 4 is a shroud 12.
  • four slides 14 are positioned with a slide core 16 in the illustrated embodiment, which abut with a radially outer end 18 of the hollow cylinder 4.
  • recesses 20 are arranged in the hollow cylinder, in which the radially outer end 18 of the slide 16 rests against the hollow cylinder 4. In these recesses 20 can accumulate lubricants and sealants and so increase the sealing and lubricating effect.
  • the slides 14 are each mounted in a slide groove 22, in which they are displaceable along the slide groove 22. It can be seen in the embodiment shown that the slide grooves 22 and the slider 14 are not arranged and displaced exactly in the radial direction, but that there is an angle between the direction of displacement of the slider 14 in the slide grooves 22 and the radially outward radial direction.
  • the rotor 6 is rotated about the rotor axis 8 and the hollow cylinder 4 about a housing axis 24. In this case, slide the outer ends 18 of the slider 14 in the recesses 20 along.
  • the vapor compressor 1 has at least one outlet opening 28 and at least one suction opening 30.
  • FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal sectional view through the vapor compressor 1. It can be seen the shroud 12, the hollow cylinder 4 and the rotor 6, which is rotatable by the drive shaft 10.
  • the housing 2 In the axial direction, the housing 2 is bounded by two housing flanges 32 which are rigidly connected to the shroud 12. Between the housing flange 32 and the rotor 6 is a rotor seal 34, through which the compressor chamber 26 is sealed radially inward. After radially outward this assumes a hollow cylinder seal 36 which is positioned between the rotatably mounted hollow cylinder 4 and the housing flange 32.
  • the shroud 12 there is at least one inlet opening 38 through which additional liquid medium, in particular water, for the lubrication of the hollow cylinder 4 can be supplied.
  • the drive shaft 10 is mounted via a bearing 40, and is sealed by shaft seals 42 to the outside.
  • the medium to be compressed in the vapor state through the system can be supplied in liquid form.
  • the introduced via the feeds 44 liquid medium is moved by the rotation of the rotor 6 radially outward on the inner sides of the housing flange and thus lubricates the gap between the housing flange 32 as part of the housing 2 and the rotor 6.
  • Radial outward on the rotor 6 is located the rotor seal 34, which ensures sufficient pressure of the liquid medium in the gap.
  • the liquid medium is carried further radially outward and thus enters the compression chamber 26.
  • the portion of the liquid medium that does not evaporate in the compression chamber 26 enters between the hollow cylinder seal 36 and the housing flange 32 in a space between the hollow cylinder 4 and the shroud 12 a.
  • the hollow cylinder seal 36 By the hollow cylinder seal 36, a sufficient pressure is built up here, which prevents further evaporation of the now acting again as a lubricant liquid medium.
  • FIG. 3 shows the schematic view of a plant for carrying out the method. It can be seen the vapor compressor 1 with the housing 2 wherein via a steam supply 46 vapor of a medium at relatively low pressure in the compression chamber of the vapor compressor 1 is introduced. Via a motor 48, the drive shaft 10 of the rotor 6 is driven. After compression, the compressed steam leaves the actual vapor compressor 1 via a vapor discharge 50 and is fed to a water separator 52. In the exemplary embodiment shown, water vapor is to be compressed, so that liquid water is used as the sealing and lubricating medium. This is about a water supply line 54 of the feed 44 and thus enters the steam compressor 1 a. Via a feed valve 56 and a pump 58, the amount of water supplied can be adjusted. In the water separator 52, water vapor is separated from the liquid water, wherein the water vapor is supplied to the use and the separated water is introduced again into the vapor compressor 1.
  • the water from the water separator 42 is introduced into a reservoir 60, whose level is determined by a level sensor 62.
  • a pressure sensor 64 In the water supply line 54 there is a pressure sensor 64, a conductivity sensor 66 and a treatment filter 68, with which an optimum for the further system water quality can be achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verdichten eines Dampfes eines Mediums mittels eines Drehschieber-Dampfverdichters (1), der einen um eine Antriebswelle (10) drehbar gelagerten Rotor (6) mit wenigstens einem Schieber (14) und wenigstens eine Verdichterkammer (26) aufweist, die durch ein GehƤuse (2) und zumindest auch durch den wenigstens einen Schieber (14) begrenzt wird, wobei sich das Verfahren dadurch auszeichnet, dass das Medium in flĆ¼ssiger Form als Schmiermittel verwendet wird, das durch wenigstens eine ZufĆ¼hrung (44) in der Lagerung in einen Spaltraum zwischen dem GehƤuse (2) und dem Rotor (6) geleitet wird.The invention relates to a method for compressing a vapor of a medium by means of a rotary vane steam compressor (1) having a rotor (6) rotatably mounted about a drive shaft (10) with at least one slide (14) and at least one compressor chamber (26), which is delimited by a housing (2) and at least also by the at least one slide (14), wherein the method is characterized in that the medium is used in liquid form as a lubricant by at least one feed (44) in the storage in a gap between the housing (2) and the rotor (6) is passed.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verdichten eines Dampfes eines Mediums mittels eines Drehschieber-Dampfverdichters, der einen um eine Antriebswelle drehbar gelagerten Rotor mit wenigstens einem Schieber und wenigstens eine Verdichterkammer aufweist, die durch ein GehƤuse und zumindest auch durch den wenigstens einen Schieber begrenzt wird. Die Erfindung betrifft zudem einen Drehschieber-Dampfverdichter zum DurchfĆ¼hren eines derartigen Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for compressing a vapor of a medium by means of a rotary vane steam compressor having a rotor rotatably mounted about a drive shaft with at least one slide and at least one compressor chamber which is bounded by a housing and at least by the at least one slide. The invention also relates to a rotary vane steam compressor for carrying out such a method.

Hauptanwendungsbereich fĆ¼r ein derartiges Verfahren zum Verdichten eines Dampfes eines Mediums und des dazu verwendeten Dampfverdichters ist das Verdichten von Wasserdampf. Aber auch andere Medien, wie beispielsweise Alkohole oder andere Kohlenwasserstoffe kƶnnen verwendet werden. Dabei soll die Sattdampftemperatur angehoben werden, sodass eine effektivere WƤrmenutzung und WƤrmerĆ¼ckgewinnung beispielsweise fĆ¼r nach dem WƤrmepumpenprinzip arbeitende Vorrichtungen erreicht wird. Verdichter kƶnnen jedoch auch zur allgemeinen Gasverdichtung als Kompressor oder zur WƤrmeerzeugung eingesetzt werden. Durch das Verfahren und den Dampfverdichter kƶnnen insbesondere auch BrĆ¼den verdichtet werden. Unter BrĆ¼den werden dabei alle Gase verstanden, die beim ein- oder mehrstufigen Destillieren von FlĆ¼ssigkeitsgemischen, beim Verdampfen, Entgasen oder beim Trocknen entstehen. Zur Verdichtung von BrĆ¼den werden unter anderem Kolbenverdichter, Drehkolben oder RootsgeblƤse, Seitenkanal- oder Dampfstrahlverdichter verwendet. Auch die Verwendung von axialer oder radialer Ventilatortechnik ist bekannt. FĆ¼r die Vakuumerzeugung werden hƤufig FlĆ¼ssigkeitsringpumpen, trockene oder ƶlgeschmierte Drehschieberpumpen, DrehkolbengeblƤse, Membranpumpen, Hubkolben oder Ventilatoren verwendet.The main field of application for such a method for compressing a vapor of a medium and the vapor compressor used therefor is the compression of water vapor. But other media, such as alcohols or other hydrocarbons can be used. In this case, the saturated steam temperature is to be raised, so that a more effective use of heat and heat recovery is achieved, for example, for working on the heat pump principle devices. However, compressors can also be used for general gas compression as a compressor or for heat generation. In particular, vapors can also be compressed by the method and the vapor compressor. By vapors are meant all gases which are produced during one-stage or multistage distillation of liquid mixtures, during evaporation, degassing or during drying. For the compression of vapors are, inter alia, piston compressor, Rotary or Roots blower, side channel or steam jet compressor used. The use of axial or radial fan technology is known. For vacuum generation liquid ring pumps, dry or oil lubricated rotary vane pumps, positive displacement blowers, diaphragm pumps, reciprocating pistons or fans are frequently used.

Beim Verdichten von Luft zum Herstellen von Pressluft sind Verdichter bekannt, die Ć¼ber eine Wassereinspritzung verfĆ¼gen, wobei das Wasser zum Dichten, KĆ¼hlen und Schmieren verwendet wird. Eine derartige Anlage ist beispielsweise aus der DE 10 2004 053 895 A1 bekannt. Das Wasser wird an unterschiedlichen Positionen in die Verdichterkammer eingespritzt und spƤter von dem verdichteten Gas wieder getrennt. Beim Verdichten kommt es dabei nicht zu einer nennenswerten Temperaturerhƶhung, so dass die verdichtete Pressluft kaum Wasser aufgenommen hat.In compressing air to produce compressed air, compressors are known which have a water injection, the water being used for sealing, cooling and lubricating. Such a system is for example from the DE 10 2004 053 895 A1 known. The water is injected at different positions in the compression chamber and later separated again from the compressed gas. When compacting, it does not lead to a significant increase in temperature, so that the compressed compressed air has hardly absorbed water.

Bei der Verdichtung von Gas fĆ¼hrt die an dem Gas geleistete mechanische Arbeit beim Komprimieren zu einer Temperaturerhƶhung. Dies ist insbesondere beim Verdichten von Wasserdampf problematisch, da der Dampf wƤhrend der Verdichtung Ć¼berhitzt und sich die Temperatur des Dampfes dann oftmals weit Ć¼ber der Sattdampftemperatur befindet. Jegliche Feuchtigkeit, die sich dann in einem Dampfverdichter befindet, verdampft und liegt nicht mehr in flĆ¼ssiger Form vor, sodass keine Schmierung der beweglichen Teile des Verdichters mehr vorliegt. Der Dampf ist vollkommen trocken. In diesem Zustand ist der Dampfverdichter jedoch immensem VerschleiƟ ausgesetzt, da die Verdichterkammer bei sehr hohen Temperaturen dichtend abgeschlossen sein muss.During the compression of gas, the mechanical work performed on the gas during compression leads to an increase in temperature. This is particularly problematic when compressing water vapor, since the steam overheats during compression and the temperature of the steam is then often far above the saturated steam temperature. Any moisture that is then in a vapor compressor evaporates and is no longer in liquid form, so that there is no longer any lubrication of the moving parts of the compressor. The steam is completely dry. In this state, however, the steam compressor is exposed to immense wear, since the compressor chamber must be sealed at very high temperatures.

Eine Schmierung mit beispielsweise herkƶmmlicher Pumpentechnik bekannten Ɩlen, beispielsweise einem Hydraulikƶl, kann nicht in wirtschaftlich sinnvoller Weise eingesetzt werden, da dieses Ɩl nicht mit wirtschaftlich vertretbarem Aufwand von dem verdichteten Dampf trennbar wƤre, nachdem er den Verdichter beziehungsweise die Verdichterkammer verlassen hat.Lubrication with, for example, conventional pump technology known oils, such as hydraulic oil, can not be used in an economically meaningful way, since this oil would not be separable with economically acceptable expense of the compressed steam after he has left the compressor or the compressor chamber.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zu Grunde, ein Verfahren zum Verdichten eines Dampfes eines Mediums sowie einen Drehschieber-Dampfverdichter so weiter zu entwickeln, dass der VerschleiƟ reduziert und gleichzeitig das Verfahren mit wirtschaftlich vertretbarem Aufwand mƶglichst kostengĆ¼nstig durchfĆ¼hrbar wird.The invention is therefore based on the object to develop a method for compressing a vapor of a medium as well as a rotary vane steam compressor so that the wear is reduced and at the same time the process is economically feasible with economically justifiable expense.

Die Erfindung lƶst die gestellte Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren zum Verdichten eines Dampfes eines Mediums mittels eines Drehschieber-Dampfverdichters, der einen um eine Antriebswelle drehbar gelagerten Rotor mit wenigstens einen Schieber und wenigstens eine Verdichterkammer aufweist, die durch ein GehƤuse und zumindest auch durch den wenigstens einen Schieber begrenzt wird, wobei sich das Verfahren dadurch auszeichnet, dass das Medium in flĆ¼ssiger Form als Schmiermittel verwendet wird, das durch wenigstens eine ZufĆ¼hrung in der Lagerung in einen Spaltraum zwischen dem GehƤuse und dem Rotor geleitet wird.The invention achieves the stated object by a method for compressing a vapor of a medium by means of a rotary vane steam compressor having a rotor rotatably mounted about a drive shaft with at least one slide and at least one compressor chamber through a housing and at least by the at least one Slider is limited, wherein the method is characterized in that the medium is used in liquid form as a lubricant, which is passed through at least one feed in the storage in a gap space between the housing and the rotor.

Diese Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens hat gegenĆ¼ber dem aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verfahren eine Reihe von Vorteilen. So dient das in flĆ¼ssiger Form in den Spaltraum eingebrachte Medium als Schmiermittel und gleichzeitig als Abdichtung des Spaltraumes, sodass die Verdichterkammer fĆ¼r den Dampf des Mediums dichtend abgeschlossen und gleichzeitig der VerschleiƟ durch Reibung zwischen dem beweglichen Schieber und dem GehƤuse verringert wird. Soll durch das Verfahren beispielsweise Wasserdampf verdichtet werden, wird Wasser in flĆ¼ssiger Form als Schmiermittel verwendet. Dies hat den weiteren Vorteil, dass das Schmiermittel nicht in aufwƤndigen Verfahren von dem Dampf des Mediums getrennt werden muss, nachdem dieser den Dampfverdichter verlassen hat. Da es sich vorzugsweise um das gleiche Medium handelt, das lediglich in unterschiedlichen AggregatzustƤnden in den Verdichter eingebracht wird, ist eine Trennung nicht nƶtig. Sollte beispielsweise ein Teil des in flĆ¼ssiger Form eingebrachten Wassers verdampfen, wird dieser Teil einfach vom Dampf des Mediums, der sich ohnehin in der Verdichterkammer des Dampfverdichters befindet, aufgenommen. Gleiches gilt fĆ¼r andere verwendete Medien. Der Teil des in flĆ¼ssiger Form eingebrachten Mediums, der wƤhrend des Verdichtens des Dampfes des Mediums verdampft, wird von dem spƤter verdichteten Dampf des Mediums aufgenommen und muss daher nicht von diesem getrennt werden.This embodiment of the method has a number of advantages over the method known from the prior art. Thus, the liquid introduced into the gap in liquid form serves as a lubricant and at the same time as a seal of the gap, so that the compressor chamber for sealing the vapor of the medium sealed and at the same time the wear is reduced by friction between the movable slide and the housing. If steam is to be compressed by the process, for example, water in liquid form is used as the lubricant. This has the further advantage that the lubricant does not have to be separated from the vapor of the medium in complex processes after it has left the vapor compressor. Since it is preferably the same medium, which is introduced only in different physical states in the compressor, a separation is not necessary. If, for example, some of the water introduced in liquid form evaporates, this part simply becomes the vapor of the medium, which is in the compression chamber anyway of the vapor compressor is recorded. The same applies to other media used. The part of the liquid-introduced medium, which evaporates during the compression of the vapor of the medium, is absorbed by the later-compressed vapor of the medium and therefore does not have to be separated from it.

In einer erfindungsgemƤƟen Ausgestaltung handelt es sich bei dem Dampfverdichter um einen Drehschieber-Dampfverdichter, der einen Rotor mit wenigstens einem Schieber aufweist. Der Rotor ist dabei um eine Antriebswelle drehbar gelagert. Der wenigstens eine Schieber ist dabei an dem Rotor so positioniert, dass er verschiebbar gelagert ist, sodass er je nach Verschiebung innerhalb seiner Lagerung mehr oder weniger weit Ć¼ber den ƤuƟeren Umfang des Rotor hinausragt und mit dem Ć¼ber diesen Umfang hinausragenden Ende an der Innenwand des GehƤuses anliegt. Das GehƤuse kann vƶrteilhafterweise um eine GehƤuseachse rotationssymmetrisch, beispielsweise in Form eines Hohlzylinders, ausgebildet sein. Die Antriebswelle, um die der Rotor drehbar gelagert ist, ist dabei vorteilhafterweise relativ zu der GehƤuseachse verschoben angeordnet, wobei beide jedoch parallel verlaufen. Der wenigstens eine Schieber bewegt sich dabei mit seinem aus dem Rotor herausragenden Ende entlang der Innenwand des GehƤuses und mit seinem in radialer Richtung verlaufenden SeitenflƤchen entlang von Abschlussplatten oder GehƤuseflanschen, die das GehƤuse in axialer Richtung begrenzen. In beiden Bereichen kommt es insbesondere bei groƟen Rotationsgeschwindigkeiten und Drehzahlen des Rotor zu starken Reibungen, sodass vorteilhafterweise auch an allen diesen Positionen jeweils ein Spaltraum vorhanden ist. In diesem Spaltraum kann das Medium in flĆ¼ssiger Form eingeleitet werden, sodass es die Reibung als Schmiermittel reduziert.In one embodiment according to the invention, the vapor compressor is a rotary vane vapor compressor which has a rotor with at least one slide. The rotor is rotatably mounted about a drive shaft. The at least one slide is positioned on the rotor so that it is displaceably mounted, so that it protrudes more or less far beyond the outer circumference of the rotor depending on the displacement within its storage and with the projecting beyond this circumference end of the inner wall of the housing is applied. The housing can be partially rotationally symmetrical about one housing axis, for example in the form of a hollow cylinder. The drive shaft, about which the rotor is rotatably mounted, is advantageously arranged displaced relative to the housing axis, but both extend in parallel. The at least one slide thereby moves with its protruding from the rotor end along the inner wall of the housing and with its radially extending side surfaces along end plates or housing flanges that define the housing in the axial direction. In both areas, especially at high rotational speeds and rotational speeds of the rotor, strong friction occurs, so that advantageously there is also a gap space at all of these positions. In this gap, the medium can be introduced in liquid form, so that it reduces the friction as a lubricant.

Die Antriebswelle des Rotors ist vorteilhafterweise Ć¼ber Gleitringdichtungen gelagert, die von dem flĆ¼ssigen Medium, das Ć¼ber die wenigstens eine ZufĆ¼hrung in die Lagerung geleitet wird, geschmiert werden. Die Gleitringdichtungen dichten an der Antriebsachse die Verdichterkammer gegen die ƤuƟere AtmosphƤre ab. ZusƤtzlich kƶnnen weitere Dichtelemente, wie beispielsweise ein Wellendichtring, vorgesehen sein, die jedoch lediglich als Sicherheitsabdichtung, beispielsweise bei einer Leckage, die Lagerung der Antriebswelle schĆ¼tzen.The drive shaft of the rotor is advantageously mounted on mechanical seals, which are lubricated by the liquid medium, which is passed over the at least one feed into the storage. The mechanical seals seal the compressor chamber against the external atmosphere at the drive axle. In addition, other sealing elements, such as a shaft seal, may be provided, but only as a safety seal, for example, in case of leakage, protect the bearing of the drive shaft.

Vorteilhafterweise sind das GehƤuse und/oder der Rotor derart ausgebildet, dass das flĆ¼ssige Medium in dem Spaltraum unter einem Gegendruck steht, der grĆ¶ĆŸer als ein Kammerdruck ist, unter den der Dampf des Mediums in der Verdichterkammer steht. Dies kann durch entsprechende AbdichtungsmaƟnahmen des Spaltraums, die prinzipiell aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt sind, wie beispielsweise eine gegenlƤufige Profilierung, beispielsweise nach dem Kreiselpumpenprinzip, oder eine umlaufende Abdichtung des Rotors gegen die WƤnde des GehƤuses erreicht werden, die beispielsweise aus Teflon (PTFE) bestehen kann. Der Gegendruck ist dabei von Vorteil, um zu erreichen, dass das eingeleitete flĆ¼ssige Medium nicht sofort verdampft, sondern zumindest eine gewisse Zeit in flĆ¼ssiger Form zwischen dem GehƤuse und dem Rotor und insbesondere dessen beweglich ausgestalteten Schieber vorliegt und so den Spaltraum abdichten und schmieren kann. Der Gegendruck muss dabei grĆ¶ĆŸer sein als der Kammerdruck, unter dem der Dampf des Mediums in der Verdichterkammer steht. Vorzugsweise ist der Gegendruck dabei grĆ¶ĆŸer als der maximale Kammerdruck, der bei einem Umlauf des Dampfverdichters erreicht werden kann. Da der Verdichter den Dampf des Mediums verdichten und komprimieren soll, muss der Druck im innern der Kammer erhƶht werden. Der Gegendruck ist vorteilhafterweise grĆ¶ĆŸer als der maximale auf diese Weise erreichbare Kammerdruck.Advantageously, the housing and / or the rotor are designed such that the liquid medium in the gap space is under a back pressure which is greater than a chamber pressure, under which the vapor of the medium is in the compression chamber. This can be achieved by appropriate sealing measures of the gap, which are known in principle from the prior art, such as an opposing profiling, for example, the centrifugal pump principle, or a circumferential seal of the rotor against the walls of the housing, for example made of Teflon (PTFE) can exist. The back pressure is advantageous in order to achieve that the introduced liquid medium does not evaporate immediately, but at least for a certain time exists in liquid form between the housing and the rotor and in particular its movably designed slide and so can seal and lubricate the gap. The back pressure must be greater than the chamber pressure below which the vapor of the medium is in the compression chamber. Preferably, the backpressure is greater than the maximum chamber pressure that can be achieved during a circulation of the vapor compressor. Since the compressor is to compress and compress the vapor of the medium, the pressure inside the chamber must be increased. The backpressure is advantageously greater than the maximum chamber pressure achievable in this way.

Insbesondere bei Drehschieber-Dampfverdichtern ist es von Vorteil, das flĆ¼ssige Medium bei einem sich zumindest auch in radialer Richtung erstreckenden Spaltraum mƶglichst nah an der Rotorachse in den Spaltraum einzuleiten. Aufgrund der Rotationsbewegung des Rotors und der dadurch auftretenden FliehkrƤfte wird das in flĆ¼ssiger Form eingebrachte Medium radial nach auƟen bewegt und fĆ¼llt so den gesamten Spaltraum aus. Gleichzeitig wird das flĆ¼ssige Medium durch den wenigstens einen Schieber, der mit dem Rotor rotiert und eine zumindest auch radiale Bewegung ausfĆ¼hrt, verteilt. ErfindungsgemƤƟ wird das eingeleitete flĆ¼ssige Medium auch verwendet, um beispielsweise die Gleitringdichtung der Antriebswelle, die fĆ¼r die Abdichtung nach auƟen sorgt, zu schmieren. Auch die Abdichtung der Antriebswelle kann auf diese Weise beispielsweise in Form einer Gleitringwellenabdichtung erfolgen. Auf diese Weise ist nur ein Schmier- und Abdichtmittel nƶtig, das sich zudem problemlos mit dem zu verdichtenden Dampf des Mediums verbinden kann und nicht nach dem Verlassen des Verdichters in aufwƤndigen Verfahren von diesem Dampf getrennt werden muss.Particularly in the case of rotary vane steam compressors, it is advantageous to introduce the liquid medium into the gap space as close as possible to the rotor axis in the case of a gap space extending at least in the radial direction as well. Due to the rotational movement of the rotor and the resulting centrifugal forces the medium introduced in liquid form is moved radially outward and thus fills the entire gap space. At the same time, the liquid medium is distributed by the at least one slide, which rotates with the rotor and performs at least a radial movement. According to the invention, the introduced liquid medium is also used, for example, to lubricate the mechanical seal of the drive shaft, which ensures the seal to the outside. The sealing of the drive shaft can be done in this way, for example in the form of a Gleitringwellenabdichtung in this way. In this way, only a lubricant and sealant is necessary, which also can easily connect to the vapor to be compressed of the medium and not have to be separated after leaving the compressor in complex processes of this steam.

In einer bevorzugten AusfĆ¼hrungsform des Verfahrens verdampft wenigstens ein Teil des flĆ¼ssigen Mediums, wenn es aus dem Spaltraum in die Verdichterkammer eintritt. Dies gilt vorteilhafterweise auch fĆ¼r den Teil des flĆ¼ssigen Mediums, der aus einem Bereich zwischen der Antriebswelle des Rotors und der GehƤusewand in die Verdichterkammer eintritt, sofern in diesem Bereich Wasser in flĆ¼ssiger Form eingeleitet wird. Der Dampf des Mediums soll mƶglichst viel des flĆ¼ssigen Mediums aufnehmen. DafĆ¼r ist die gleichmƤƟige Verteilung des Mediums auf der GehƤuse-Innenwand von Vorteil. Dies ist insbesondere dann von Vorteil, wenn Wasserdampf verdichtet und flĆ¼ssiges Wasser als Schmiermittel verwendet wird. Da das flĆ¼ssige Medium vorteilhafterweise unter dem erhƶhten Gegendruck steht, der grĆ¶ĆŸer ist als der Kammerdruck innerhalb der Verdampfungskammer, wird es zu einer sogenannten "Flashverdampfung" kommen, die eine nahezu schlagartige Verdampfung eines relativ groƟen Anteils des flĆ¼ssigen Mediums bezeichnet. Dabei wird einerseits die Verdampfungsleistung erhƶht und gleichzeitig der DampfĆ¼berhitzung des Dampfes des Mediums entgegengewirkt. Durch die Verdampfung des in flĆ¼ssiger Form eingeleiteten Mediums wird dem dampffƶrmigen Medium Energie entzogen und somit die Temperatur gesenkt. Bei bestimmten Prozessparametern des Verfahrens kann es dazu kommen, dass der gesamte flĆ¼ssige Anteil des Mediums verdampft, sobald er in die Verdichterkammer eintritt. In diesem Fall ist es mƶglich, beispielsweise durch VersprĆ¼hen oder Einspritzen weiteres flĆ¼ssiges Medium in die Verdichterkammer einzubringen, um so die Temperatur des Dampfes zu reduzieren und einer DampfĆ¼berhitzung entgegenzuwirken.In a preferred embodiment of the method, at least a portion of the liquid medium evaporates as it enters the compression chamber from the gap space. This advantageously also applies to that part of the liquid medium which enters the compression chamber from a region between the drive shaft of the rotor and the housing wall, provided that water in liquid form is introduced in this region. The vapor of the medium should absorb as much of the liquid medium. For the uniform distribution of the medium on the housing inner wall of advantage. This is particularly advantageous when water vapor is compressed and liquid water is used as a lubricant. Since the liquid medium is advantageously under the increased back pressure, which is greater than the chamber pressure within the evaporation chamber, there will be a so-called "flash evaporation", which designates an almost sudden evaporation of a relatively large proportion of the liquid medium. In this case, on the one hand, the evaporation performance is increased and at the same time the steam superheating of the vapor of the medium counteracted. Due to the evaporation of the medium introduced in liquid form, the vaporous medium is deprived of energy and thus the temperature is lowered. For certain process parameters of the process It can happen that the entire liquid portion of the medium evaporates as soon as it enters the compression chamber. In this case it is possible, for example by spraying or injecting, to introduce further liquid medium into the compression chamber so as to reduce the temperature of the steam and counteract steam overheating.

Vorzugsweise verlƤsst ein nicht verdampfter Anteil des in die Verdichterkammer eingetretenen flĆ¼ssigen Mediums durch wenigstens eine Auslassƶffnung die Verdichterkammer, durch die auch der verdichtete Dampf die Kammer verlƤsst. In einer MantelflƤche des GehƤuses kann eine zusƤtzliche Bohrung angeordnet sein und mit einem Ventil verschlossen sein. Durch diese Bohrung kann zusƤtzliches flĆ¼ssiges Medium in die Verdichterkammer eingeleitet werden.Preferably, a non-vaporized portion of the liquid medium entering the compression chamber exits the compression chamber through at least one outlet opening through which the compressed vapor also exits the chamber. In an outer surface of the housing, an additional bore can be arranged and closed with a valve. Through this hole additional liquid medium can be introduced into the compression chamber.

Das nicht verdampfte flĆ¼ssige Medium sammelt sich insbesondere durch die Rotationsbewegung des Rotors an der Innenwandung des GehƤuses und kann auf diese Weise insbesondere bei einem Drehschieber-Dampfverdichter die Schieber bei ihrem Kontakt mit der GehƤusewand schmieren.The non-evaporated liquid medium collects in particular by the rotational movement of the rotor on the inner wall of the housing and can lubricate in this way, in particular in a rotary vane steam compressor, the slide in its contact with the housing wall.

Um die an dieser Stelle auftretende Reibung zu vermindern, kann vorteilhafterweise zumindest ein Teil des GehƤuses durch einen rotierenden Hohlzylinder ausgebildet werden. Der Hohlzylinder dreht sich dabei um eine GehƤuseachse, die eine Rotationssymmetrieachse des GehƤuses und damit auch des Hohlzylinders ist. Er weist vorteilhafterweise die gleiche Rotationsgeschwindigkeit oder Drehzahl auf wie der Rotor. Dadurch wird die Relativbewegung zwischen dem radial ƤuƟeren Ende des wenigstens einen Schiebers und der GehƤusewand beziehungsweise dem GehƤuse reduziert und somit auch die Reibung verringert. Vorzugsweise ist dieser rotierende Hohlzylinder in einem weiteren Mantelring des GehƤuses gelagert. Vorzugsweise steht ein Zwischenraum zwischen dem Hohlzylinder und dem Mantelring mit der Verdichterkammer in einer Fluidverbindung. Auf diese Weise kann das flĆ¼ssige Medium, das durch die ZufĆ¼hrung in den Spaltraum gedrĆ¼ckt wird und so in die Verdichterkammer gelangt, in einen Zwischenraum zwischen dem rotierenden Hohlzylinder und den ihn umgebenden Mantelring gelangen. Dort wird er vorteilhafterweise unter Druck gehalten, sodass der rotierende Hohlzylinder und der ihn umgebende Mantelring gemeinsam die Funktion Ƥhnlich der eines Gleitlagers erfĆ¼llen. Dadurch kann auch in diesem Bereich der auftretende Reibungsverlust verringert werden. Zudem wird auf diese Weise aus der Verdichterkammer austretendes flĆ¼ssiges Medium sinnvoll verwendet. Insbesondere ist es bei dieser Ausgestaltung gegebenenfalls nicht mehr nƶtig, eine separate Auslassƶffnung im GehƤuse der Verdichterkammer vorzusehen, um die Fracht an flĆ¼ssigem Medium zu entsorgen. Vielmehr tritt sie in den Zwischenraum zwischen dem Hohlzylinder und dem Mantelring ein und wird hier sinnvoll benutzt.In order to reduce the friction occurring at this point, advantageously at least a part of the housing can be formed by a rotating hollow cylinder. The hollow cylinder rotates about a housing axis, which is a rotational symmetry axis of the housing and thus also of the hollow cylinder. It advantageously has the same rotational speed or speed as the rotor. As a result, the relative movement between the radially outer end of the at least one slide and the housing wall or the housing is reduced and thus also the friction is reduced. Preferably, this rotating hollow cylinder is mounted in a further outer ring of the housing. Preferably, a gap between the hollow cylinder and the shell ring is in fluid communication with the compression chamber. In this way, the liquid medium, the is pressed by the supply into the gap space and thus enters the compression chamber, reach into a space between the rotating hollow cylinder and the surrounding jacket ring. There it is advantageously kept under pressure, so that the rotating hollow cylinder and the surrounding shroud together fulfill the function similar to that of a sliding bearing. As a result, the occurring friction loss can be reduced in this area. In addition, in this way, liquid medium emerging from the compressor chamber is usefully used. In particular, in this embodiment, it may no longer be necessary to provide a separate outlet opening in the housing of the compressor chamber in order to dispose of the cargo of liquid medium. Rather, it enters the space between the hollow cylinder and the shroud and is used here meaningful.

Auch in diesem Bereich zwischen dem rotierenden Hohlzylinder und dem Mantelring kann eine zusƤtzliche ZufĆ¼hrung fĆ¼r weiteres flĆ¼ssiges Medium vorgesehen sein. Dies kann Ć¼ber Einspritzƶffnungen oder -dĆ¼sen geschehen, durch die weiteres flĆ¼ssiges Medium in diesen Zwischenraum gelangen kann.Also in this area between the rotating hollow cylinder and the shroud, an additional supply can be provided for further liquid medium. This can be done via injection openings or nozzles, can pass through the other liquid medium in this space.

Vorteilhafterweise kann der rotierende Hohlzylinder in Bereichen, in denen beispielsweise die radial ƤuƟeren Enden der Drehschieber an den rotierenden Hohlzylinder anliegen, mit Vertiefungen versehen werden. Hier wĆ¼rde sich beispielsweise ein Anteil des flĆ¼ssigen Mediums sammeln, sodass sich hier die Abdichtungs- und Schmierwirkung bei gleicher Gesamtmenge an flĆ¼ssigem Medium innerhalb der Verdichterkammer erhƶht.Advantageously, the rotating hollow cylinder can be provided with recesses in areas in which, for example, the radially outer ends of the rotary valves abut the rotating hollow cylinder. Here, for example, a proportion of the liquid medium would collect, so that here increases the sealing and lubricating effect for the same total amount of liquid medium within the compression chamber.

Die Erfindung lƶst die gestellte Aufgabe zudem durch einen Drehschieber-Dampfverdichter zum DurchfĆ¼hren eines hier beschriebenen Verfahrens. ErfindungsgemƤƟ ist der Dampfverdichter ein Drehschieber-Dampfverdichter, der ein GehƤuse und einen um eine Antriebswelle drehbar gelagerten Rotor aufweist, wobei an dem Rotor wenigstens ein Schieber angeordnet ist, der derart verschiebbar ist, dass er den Rotor bezĆ¼glich einer Rotorachse nach radial auƟen Ć¼berragt. Vorteilhafterweise wird zwischen dem GehƤuse und dem Rotor, zu dem auch der wenigstens eine Schieber gehƶrt, ein Spaltraum gebildet, in den Ć¼ber die ZufĆ¼hrung das Medium in flĆ¼ssiger Form eingeleitet werden kann.The invention also solves the stated problem by a rotary vane steam compressor for carrying out a method described here. According to the invention, the vapor compressor is a rotary vane-type vapor compressor which has a housing and a rotor rotatably mounted about a drive shaft, wherein at least one slide is arranged on the rotor and is displaceable so as to radially outwardly rotate the rotor with respect to a rotor axis surmounted. Advantageously, a gap is formed between the housing and the rotor, to which the at least one slide belongs, into which the medium can be introduced in liquid form via the feed.

In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung sind zwei, drei, besonders bevorzugt vier Schieber am Rotor angeordnet. Es ist auch mƶglich eine grĆ¶ĆŸere Anzahl Schieber am Rotor anzuordnen. Als vorteilhaft hat sich herausgestellt, wenn der Schieber nicht bezĆ¼glich der Rotorachse exakt nach radial auƟen beziehungsweise innen verschiebbar ist, sondern wenn zwischen der radialen Richtung bezĆ¼glich der Rotorachsen und der Verschieberichtung der jeweiligen Schieber ein Winkeln eingeschlossen wird, der von 0Ā° verschieden ist. Auch eine Ausrichtung der Verschieberichtung in radialer Richtung ist mƶglich.In a preferred embodiment, two, three, more preferably four slides are arranged on the rotor. It is also possible to arrange a larger number of slides on the rotor. It has proven to be advantageous if the slide is not displaceable with respect to the rotor axis exactly radially outward or inward, but if an angle is included between the radial direction with respect to the rotor axes and the direction of displacement of the respective slide, which is different from 0 Ā°. An alignment of the displacement direction in the radial direction is possible.

Vorteilhafterweise sind mehrere Schieber an dem Rotor angeordnet. Das Einleiten des flĆ¼ssigen Mediums in den Spaltraum erfolgt durch die wenigstens eine ZufĆ¼hrung, durch die das flĆ¼ssige Medium vorzugsweise auch in die Lagerung der Antriebswelle zur Schmierung der Gleitringdichtung eingebracht wird. Das Medium tritt nach der Schmierung der Gleitringdichtungen insbesondere an wenigstens einer Stirnseite der Verdichterkammer in die Kammer ein und wird durch die Bewegung des Rotors mit dem Schieber entlang dieser StirnflƤche, die beispielsweise durch einen GehƤuseflansch gebildet wird, in den Spaltraum zwischen dem Rotor und dem GehƤuse geleitet. Eine separate Zuleitung beispielsweise innerhalb des Schiebers oder innerhalb einer StirnflƤche des GehƤuses ist nicht nƶtig.Advantageously, a plurality of slides are arranged on the rotor. The introduction of the liquid medium into the gap space is effected by the at least one feed, through which the liquid medium is preferably also introduced into the bearing of the drive shaft for lubricating the mechanical seal. The medium enters after the lubrication of the mechanical seals in particular at least one end face of the compressor chamber into the chamber and is by the movement of the rotor with the slide along this end face, which is formed for example by a housing flange, in the gap between the rotor and the housing directed. A separate supply, for example, within the slider or within an end face of the housing is not necessary.

Als vorteilhaft hat sich herausgestellt, wenn zumindest ein Teil des GehƤuses durch einen um eine GehƤuseachse drehbar gelagerten Hohlzylinder gebildet ist, wobei die GehƤuseachse parallel und verschoben zu der Rotorachse, die insbesondere in der LƤngs- und Symmetrieachse der Antriebswelle verlƤuft, verlƤuft.It has proven to be advantageous if at least part of the housing is formed by a hollow cylinder rotatably mounted about a housing axis, wherein the housing axis is parallel and displaced to the rotor axis, which extends in particular in the longitudinal and symmetry axis of the drive shaft extends.

Eine beispielhafte Ausgestaltung eines derartigen Drehschieber-Dampfverdichters hat ein hohlzylinderfƶrmiges GehƤuse mit einem GehƤuse-Innendurchmesser von beispielsweise 180 mm. Die axiale LƤnge des GehƤuses betrƤgt beispielsweise 200 mm. Innerhalb des GehƤuses ist exzentrisch der Rotor angeordnet, der einen AuƟendurchmesser von beispielsweise 150 mm aufweist. Dies ergibt ein Gesamtkammervolumen von 1,56 dm3, wobei bei jeder Umdrehung des Rotors etwa das Doppelte dieses Kammervolumens angesaugt wird. Wird mit einem derartigen Verdichter Wasserdampf mit einem Absolutdruck von beispielsweise 0,5 bar angesaugt, bedeutet dies eine Verdichtungsmasse von 0,96 g pro Umdrehung und bei 1.000 Umdrehungen pro Minute eine Verdichtungsmasse von 58 kg pro Stunde.An exemplary embodiment of such a rotary vane steam compressor has a hollow cylindrical housing with a housing inner diameter of for example 180 mm. The axial length of the housing is for example 200 mm. Within the housing, the rotor is arranged eccentrically, which has an outer diameter of for example 150 mm. This results in a total chamber volume of 1.56 dm 3 , wherein at each revolution of the rotor about twice this chamber volume is sucked. If such a compressor absorbs steam at an absolute pressure of, for example, 0.5 bar, this means a compression mass of 0.96 g per revolution and, at 1,000 revolutions per minute, a compression mass of 58 kg per hour.

Damit wƤre theoretisch eine Verdichterleistung von 50 kg pro Stunde erreichbar, wenn im Ansaugbereich ein Dampfdruck von 0,5 bar absolut erreicht werden soll.This would theoretically achieve a compressor capacity of 50 kg per hour if a vapor pressure of 0.5 bar absolute should be achieved in the intake area.

Wenn die Verdichtungsleistung einen Druckunterschied von einem bar erreichen soll, kann die aufzubringende Verdichterleistung errechnet werden. Die freie FlƤche des Schiebers, die die Verdichtungsleistung aufbringt, also in der Position, bei der der Schieber maximal weit aus dem Rotor herausverschoben wird, betrƤgt in diesem Fall beispielsweise 6.000 mm2. Die erforderliche Kraft fĆ¼r diese Verdichtung betrƤgt 600 N, sodass sich bei einer Umfangsgeschwindigkeit des Schiebers bei 1.000 Umdrehungen pro Minute von 8,64 m pro Sekunde eine Verdichterleistung von 5.184 W ergibt. Bei einem adiabaten System wĆ¼rde diese Verdichterleitung vollstƤndig in die Temperaturerhƶhung des Dampfes einflieƟen. Bei der Verwendung des Wasserdampfs fĆ¼hrt dies zu einer Temperaturerhƶhung von 196Ā° K.If the compression capacity is to reach a pressure difference of one bar, the compressor capacity to be applied can be calculated. The free surface of the slide, which applies the compaction performance, ie in the position in which the slider is moved out of the rotor as far as possible, is in this case, for example, 6,000 mm 2 . The required force for this compression is 600 N, so that at a peripheral speed of the spool at 1,000 rpm of 8.64 m per second, a compressor capacity of 5,184 W results. In an adiabatic system, this compressor line would be fully incorporated into the increase in temperature of the steam. When using the water vapor, this leads to a temperature increase of 196 Ā° K.

Die erforderliche zu verdampfende Wassermenge im Verdichterraum zur Erlangung einer Sattdampftemperatur von beispielsweise 111Ā° C bei 1,5 bar absolut am Druckaustritt liegt bei einer Verdichtungsleistung von beispielsweise 50 kg pro Stunde bei circa 8,3 Litern pro Stunde. Hier bei handelt es sich jedoch lediglich um eine beispielhafte Ausgestaltung des Dampfverdichters. Andere Abmessungen, Druckunterschiede, Eingangs- und Ausgangsdruck sind ebenso mƶglich. Zudem fĆ¼hrt die Verwendung eines anderen Mediums zu anderen Temperaturerhƶhung und Verdichterleistungen.The required amount of water to be evaporated in the compressor chamber to obtain a saturated steam temperature of for example 111 Ā° C at 1.5 bar absolute at the pressure outlet is at a compression capacity of, for example 50 kg per hour at about 8.3 liters per hour. Here, however, it is merely an exemplary embodiment of the vapor compressor. Other dimensions, pressure differences, inlet and outlet pressures are also possible. In addition, the use of another medium leads to different temperature increase and compressor performance.

Bei den hier beschriebenen AusfĆ¼hrungsformen wird folglich das flĆ¼ssige Medium, insbesondere Wasser, in den Spaltraum zwischen dem GehƤuse und dem Rotor geleitet. Die Schieber, die Teile des Rotors sind, werden von der in diesem Bereich unter Druck stehenden FlĆ¼ssigkeit geschmiert. Dabei liegen die Schieber vorzugsweise so dicht wie mƶglich an der GehƤusewand, insbesondere an den StirnwƤnden, an, was beispielsweise durch Kraftaufbringelemente, beispielsweise Federelemente, unterstĆ¼tzt werden kann. Die Schieber gleiten in diesem Fall lediglich auf der GehƤusewand ab und werden durch den sich darauf befindenden Film aus flĆ¼ssigem Medium geschmiert.In the embodiments described here, consequently, the liquid medium, in particular water, is conducted into the gap space between the housing and the rotor. The sliders, which are parts of the rotor, are lubricated by the liquid under pressure in this area. The slides are preferably as close as possible to the housing wall, in particular on the end walls, to what can be supported, for example, by force application elements, such as spring elements. The slides slide in this case only on the housing wall and are lubricated by the film located thereon of liquid medium.

Vorteilhafterweise sind an den StirnflƤchen des Rotors Dichtelemente angeordnet, die eine Abdichtung der StirnflƤche des Rotors zum GehƤuse bewirken. Vorzugsweise sind Dichtelemente an den StirnflƤchen des Hohlzylinders angebracht, der rotierend ausgebildet werden kann. Diese sind beispielsweise in Form von Dichtringen ausgebildet, die vorteilhafterweise den gleichen Durchmesser wie der Hohlzylinder aufweisen. Alle diese Dichtelemente befinden sich im Kontakt mit der jeweiligen Seitenwand und kƶnnen vorteilhafterweise aus PTFE hergestellt sein, so dass sie Ć¼ber gute Gleiteigenschaften verfĆ¼gen. Dadurch wird die Gleiteigenschaft des Schmiermittels unterstĆ¼tzt.Advantageously, sealing elements are arranged on the end faces of the rotor, which effect a sealing of the end face of the rotor to the housing. Preferably, sealing elements are attached to the end faces of the hollow cylinder, which can be designed to rotate. These are for example in the form of sealing rings, which advantageously have the same diameter as the hollow cylinder. All of these sealing elements are in contact with the respective side wall and may advantageously be made of PTFE so that they have good sliding properties. This supports the sliding property of the lubricant.

Vorzugsweise sind die Dichtungen derart beispielsweise mit schrƤg verlaufenden kleinen Rillen versehen, also profiliert, dass ein FlĆ¼ssigkeitsdruck in Richtung des ƤuƟeren GehƤuseringes zwischen dem rotierenden Hohlzylinder und dem ƤuƟeren GehƤusering, der den Hohlzylinder umgibt, erreicht wird. Die Wirkung dieser Profilierung ist der einer Kreiselpumpe sehr Ƥhnlich. Der dadurch aufgebaute Druck sorgt unter anderem dafĆ¼r, dass das flĆ¼ssige Medium, das als Schmiermittel wirkt, in dem Zwischenraum zwischen dem GehƤusering und dem rotierenden Hohlzylinder unter Druck gehalten wird. ƜberschĆ¼ssiges Schmiermittel tritt auf der Seite wieder aus, auf der der Druck in der Verdichterkammer geringer ist. Das ist die Seite, auf der sich die Ansaugƶffnung be-findet. Dadurch entsteht eine gewollte Zirkulation des Schmiermittels, die durch die interne Reibung zwischen dem sich drehenden Hohlzylinder und dem GehƤusering unterstĆ¼tzt wird.Preferably, the seals are for example provided with obliquely extending small grooves, so profiled that a fluid pressure in the direction of the outer housing ring between the rotating hollow cylinder and the outer housing ring surrounding the hollow cylinder is achieved. The effect of this profiling is very similar to that of a centrifugal pump. Of the The pressure built up thereby ensures inter alia that the liquid medium, which acts as a lubricant, is kept under pressure in the intermediate space between the housing ring and the rotating hollow cylinder. Excess lubricant re-emerges on the side where the pressure in the compression chamber is lower. This is the side on which the suction opening is located. This results in a desired circulation of the lubricant, which is supported by the internal friction between the rotating hollow cylinder and the housing ring.

Mit Hilfe der beiliegenden Figuren wird nachfolgend ein AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung nƤher erlƤutert. Es zeigt

Figur 1 -
die schematische Querschnittsdarstellung durch einen Dampfverdichter gemƤƟ einem ersten AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung,
Figur 2 -
die schematische LƤngsschnittdarstellung durch einen Dampfverdichter und
Figur 3 -
die schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung zum DurchfĆ¼hren des Verfahrens gemƤƟ einem weiteren AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung.
With the aid of the accompanying figures, an embodiment of the present invention will be explained in more detail below. It shows
FIG. 1 -
the schematic cross-sectional view through a vapor compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 2 -
the schematic longitudinal section through a vapor compressor and
FIG. 3 -
the schematic representation of an apparatus for performing the method according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Figur 1 zeigt eine Querschnittdarstellung durch einen Dampfverdichter 1, der Ć¼ber ein GehƤuse 2 verfĆ¼gt, das im gezeigten AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispiel teilweise durch einen rotierenden Hohlzylinder 4 gebildet wird. Im Innern des Hohlzylinders 4 ist ein Rotor 6 angeordnet, der um eine Rotorachse 8 drehbar gelagert ist. Dabei verfĆ¼gt er Ć¼ber eine Antriebswelle 10, die von einem nicht dargestellten Motor angetrieben wird. FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view through a vapor compressor 1, which has a housing 2, which is partially formed in the illustrated embodiment by a rotating hollow cylinder 4. In the interior of the hollow cylinder 4, a rotor 6 is arranged, which is rotatably mounted about a rotor axis 8. He has a drive shaft 10 which is driven by a motor, not shown.

AuƟerhalb des Hohlzylinders 4 befindet sich ein Mantelring 12. An dem Rotor 6 sind im gezeigten AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispiel vier Schieber 14 mit einem Schieberkern 16 positioniert, die mit einem radial ƤuƟeren Ende 18 an dem Hohlzylinder 4 anliegen. DafĆ¼r sind in dem Hohlzylinder 4 Vertiefungen 20 angeordnet, in denen das radial ƤuƟere Ende 18 der Schieber 16 am Hohlzylinder 4 anliegt. In diesen Vertiefungen 20 kann sich Schmier- und Dichtmittel sammeln und so die Dicht- und Schmierwirkung erhƶhen.Outside the hollow cylinder 4 is a shroud 12. On the rotor 6 four slides 14 are positioned with a slide core 16 in the illustrated embodiment, which abut with a radially outer end 18 of the hollow cylinder 4. For this purpose, recesses 20 are arranged in the hollow cylinder, in which the radially outer end 18 of the slide 16 rests against the hollow cylinder 4. In these recesses 20 can accumulate lubricants and sealants and so increase the sealing and lubricating effect.

Die Schieber 14 sind in jeweils einer Schiebernut 22 gelagert, in der sie entlang der Schiebernut 22 verschieblich sind. Man erkennt im gezeigten AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispiel, dass die Schiebernuten 22 und die Schieber 14 nicht exakt in radialer Richtung angeordnet und verschiebbar sind, sondern dass sich zwischen der Verschieberichtung der Schieber 14 in den Schiebernuten 22 und der exakt nach radial auƟen weisenden Radialrichtung ein Winkel befindet.The slides 14 are each mounted in a slide groove 22, in which they are displaceable along the slide groove 22. It can be seen in the embodiment shown that the slide grooves 22 and the slider 14 are not arranged and displaced exactly in the radial direction, but that there is an angle between the direction of displacement of the slider 14 in the slide grooves 22 and the radially outward radial direction.

Im Betrieb wird der Rotor 6 um die Rotorachse 8 und der Hohlzylinder 4 um eine GehƤuseachse 24 gedreht. Dabei gleiten die ƤuƟeren Enden 18 der Schieber 14 in den Vertiefungen 20 entlang.In operation, the rotor 6 is rotated about the rotor axis 8 and the hollow cylinder 4 about a housing axis 24. In this case, slide the outer ends 18 of the slider 14 in the recesses 20 along.

Durch die mehreren Schieber 14 werden Verdichterkammern 26 in Umfangsrichtung begrenzt. Der Dampfverdichter 1 verfĆ¼gt Ć¼ber mindestens eine Austrittsƶffnung 28 und mindestens eine Ansaugƶffnung 30.By the plurality of slides 14 compressor chambers 26 are limited in the circumferential direction. The vapor compressor 1 has at least one outlet opening 28 and at least one suction opening 30.

Figur 2 zeigt eine LƤngsschnittdarstellung durch den Dampfverdichter 1. Man erkennt den Mantelring 12, den Hohlzylinder 4 und den Rotor 6, der durch die Antriebswelle 10 drehbar ist. In axialer Richtung wird das GehƤuse 2 durch zwei GehƤuseflansche 32 begrenzt, die mit dem Mantelring 12 starr verbunden sind. Zwischen dem GehƤuseflansch 32 und dem Rotor 6 befindet sich eine Rotordichtung 34, durch die die Verdichterkammer 26 nach radial innen abgedichtet wird. Nach radial auƟen Ć¼bernimmt dies eine Hohlzylinderdichtung 36, die zwischen dem drehbar gelagertem Hohlzylinder 4 und dem GehƤuseflansch 32 positioniert ist. Im Mantelring 12 befindet sich wenigstens eine Einlassƶffnung 38, durch die zusƤtzlich flĆ¼ssiges Medium, insbesondere Wasser, zur Schmierung des Hohlzylinders 4 zugefĆ¼hrt werden kann. FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal sectional view through the vapor compressor 1. It can be seen the shroud 12, the hollow cylinder 4 and the rotor 6, which is rotatable by the drive shaft 10. In the axial direction, the housing 2 is bounded by two housing flanges 32 which are rigidly connected to the shroud 12. Between the housing flange 32 and the rotor 6 is a rotor seal 34, through which the compressor chamber 26 is sealed radially inward. After radially outward this assumes a hollow cylinder seal 36 which is positioned between the rotatably mounted hollow cylinder 4 and the housing flange 32. In the shroud 12 there is at least one inlet opening 38 through which additional liquid medium, in particular water, for the lubrication of the hollow cylinder 4 can be supplied.

Die Antriebswelle 10 ist Ć¼ber ein Lager 40 gelagert, und wird Ć¼ber Wellendichtringe 42 nach auƟen abgedichtet. Ɯber ZufĆ¼hrungen 44 kann das Medium, das im dampffƶrmigen Zustand durch die Anlage verdichtet werden soll, in flĆ¼ssiger Form zugefĆ¼hrt werden. Dadurch wird eine Abdichtung der Antriebswelle 10 und der Kontaktbereiche zwischen beispielsweise den Schiebern 14 und den GehƤuseteilen beziehungsweise dem Hohlzylinder 4 und eine Schmierung der jeweiligen ReibflƤchen erreicht.The drive shaft 10 is mounted via a bearing 40, and is sealed by shaft seals 42 to the outside. About feeds 44, the medium to be compressed in the vapor state through the system can be supplied in liquid form. As a result, a seal of the drive shaft 10 and the contact areas between, for example, the slides 14 and the housing parts or the hollow cylinder 4 and a lubrication of reached respective friction surfaces.

Man erkennt in Figur 2, dass um die Antriebswelle 10 Gleitringdichtungen 43 angeordnet sind, die die Verdichterkammer 26 gegen die ƤuƟere AtmosphƤre abdichten. Ɯber das durch die ZufĆ¼hrung 44 zugefĆ¼hrte flĆ¼ssige Medium werden diese Gleitringdichtungen 43 abgedichtet und geschmiert. Ɯber Leckageƶffnungen 45 kann eingetretenes Wasser abgefĆ¼hrt werden.One recognizes in FIG. 2 in that mechanical seals 43 are arranged around the drive shaft 10, which seals the compression chamber 26 against the external atmosphere. About the supplied through the feed 44 liquid medium these mechanical seals 43 are sealed and lubricated. Via leakage openings 45, water that has entered can be removed.

Das Ć¼ber die ZufĆ¼hrungen 44 eingeleitete flĆ¼ssige Medium wird durch die Rotation des Rotors 6 nach radial auƟen an den Innenseiten des GehƤuseflansches bewegt und schmiert somit den Spaltraum zwischen dem GehƤuseflansch 32 als Teil des GehƤuses 2 und dem Rotor 6. Radial auƟen am Rotor 6 befindet sich die Rotordichtung 34, die fĆ¼r einen ausreichenden Druck des flĆ¼ssigen Mediums im Spaltraum sorgt. Das flĆ¼ssige Medium wird weiter nach radial auƟen getragen und tritt so in die Verdichterkammer 26 ein. Der Anteil des flĆ¼ssigen Mediums, der in der Verdichterkammer 26 nicht verdampft, tritt zwischen der Hohlzylinderdichtung 36 und dem GehƤuseflansch 32 in einen Zwischenraum zwischen dem Hohlzylinder 4 und dem Mantelring 12 ein. Durch die Hohlzylinderdichtung 36 wird auch hier ein ausreichender Druck aufgebaut, der ein weiteres Verdampfen des nun wieder als Schmiermittel wirkenden flĆ¼ssigen Mediums verhindert.The introduced via the feeds 44 liquid medium is moved by the rotation of the rotor 6 radially outward on the inner sides of the housing flange and thus lubricates the gap between the housing flange 32 as part of the housing 2 and the rotor 6. Radial outward on the rotor 6 is located the rotor seal 34, which ensures sufficient pressure of the liquid medium in the gap. The liquid medium is carried further radially outward and thus enters the compression chamber 26. The portion of the liquid medium that does not evaporate in the compression chamber 26, enters between the hollow cylinder seal 36 and the housing flange 32 in a space between the hollow cylinder 4 and the shroud 12 a. By the hollow cylinder seal 36, a sufficient pressure is built up here, which prevents further evaporation of the now acting again as a lubricant liquid medium.

Figur 3 zeigt die schematische Ansicht einer Anlage zum DurchfĆ¼hren des Verfahrens. Man erkennt den Dampfverdichter 1 mit dem GehƤuse 2 wobei Ć¼ber eine Dampfzuleitung 46 Dampf eines Medium mit relativ geringem Druck in die Verdichterkammer des Dampfverdichters 1 eingefĆ¼hrt wird. Ɯber einen Motor 48 wird die Antriebswelle 10 des Rotors 6 angetrieben. Nach der Verdichtung verlƤsst der verdichtete Dampf Ć¼ber eine Dampfableitung 50 den eigentlichen Dampfverdichter 1 und wird einem Wasserabscheider 52 zugefĆ¼hrt. Im gezeigten AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispiel soll Wasserdampf verdichtet werden, sodass als Dicht- und Schmiermedium flĆ¼ssiges Wasser verwendet wird. Dies wird Ć¼ber eine Wasserzuleitung 54 der ZufĆ¼hrung 44 zugeleitet und tritt so in den Dampfverdichter 1 ein. Ɯber ein Speiseventil 56 und eine Pumpe 58 kann die Menge des zugefĆ¼hrten Wassers eingestellt werden. Im Wasserabscheider 52 wird Wasserdampf vom flĆ¼ssigen Wasser getrennt, wobei der Wasserdampf der Verwendung zugefĆ¼hrt wird und das abgeschiedene Wasser erneut in den Dampfverdichter 1 eingeleitet wird. FIG. 3 shows the schematic view of a plant for carrying out the method. It can be seen the vapor compressor 1 with the housing 2 wherein via a steam supply 46 vapor of a medium at relatively low pressure in the compression chamber of the vapor compressor 1 is introduced. Via a motor 48, the drive shaft 10 of the rotor 6 is driven. After compression, the compressed steam leaves the actual vapor compressor 1 via a vapor discharge 50 and is fed to a water separator 52. In the exemplary embodiment shown, water vapor is to be compressed, so that liquid water is used as the sealing and lubricating medium. This is about a water supply line 54 of the feed 44 and thus enters the steam compressor 1 a. Via a feed valve 56 and a pump 58, the amount of water supplied can be adjusted. In the water separator 52, water vapor is separated from the liquid water, wherein the water vapor is supplied to the use and the separated water is introduced again into the vapor compressor 1.

Das Wasser aus dem Wasserabscheider 42 wird in einen VorratsbehƤlter 60 eingeleitet, dessen FĆ¼llstand Ć¼ber einen FĆ¼llstandssensor 62 ermittelt wird. In der Wasserzuleitung 54 befindet sich ein Drucksensor 64, ein Leitwertsensor 66 sowie ein Aufbereitungsfilter 68, mit dem eine fĆ¼r die weitere Anlage optimale WasserqualitƤt erreicht werden kann.The water from the water separator 42 is introduced into a reservoir 60, whose level is determined by a level sensor 62. In the water supply line 54 there is a pressure sensor 64, a conductivity sensor 66 and a treatment filter 68, with which an optimum for the further system water quality can be achieved.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11 Dampfverdichtersteam compressor 5252 Wasserabscheiderwater 22 GehƤusecasing 5454 Wasserzuleitungwater supply 44 Hohlzylinderhollow cylinder 5656 Speiseventilfeed valve 66 Rotorrotor 5858 Pumpepump 88th Rotorachserotor axis 6060 VorratsbehƤlterreservoir 1010 Antriebswelledrive shaft 6262 FĆ¼llstandssensorlevel sensor 1212 Mantelringcasing ring 6464 Drucksensorpressure sensor 1414 Schieberpusher 6666 Leitwertsensorconductance 1616 Schieberkernslide core 6868 Aufbereitungsfiltertreatment filters 1818 ƤuƟeres Endeouter end 2020 Vertiefungdeepening 2222 Schiebernutspool groove 2424 GehƤuseachsehousing axis 2626 Verdichterkammercompression chamber 2828 Austrittsƶffnungoutlet opening 3030 Ansaugƶffnungsuction 3232 GehƤuseflanschhousing flange 3434 Rotordichtungrotor seal 3636 HohlzylinderdichtungHollow cylinder seal 3838 Einlassƶffnunginlet port 4040 Lagercamp 4242 WellendichtringShaft seal 4343 GleitringdichtungMechanical seal 4444 ZufĆ¼hrungfeed 4545 Leckage-ƖffnungLeakage opening 4646 Dampfzuleitungsteam supply 4848 Motorengine 5050 Dampfableitungsteam discharge

Claims (9)

Verfahren zum Verdichten eines Dampfes eines Mediums mittels eines Drehschieber-Dampfverdichters (1), der einen um eine Antriebswelle (10) drehbar gelagerten Rotor (6) mit wenigstens einem Schieber (14) und wenigstens eine Verdichterkammer (26) aufweist, die durch ein GehƤuse (2) und zumindest auch durch den wenigstens einen Schieber (14) begrenzt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Medium in flĆ¼ssiger Form als Schmiermittel verwendet wird, das durch wenigstens eine ZufĆ¼hrung (44) in der Lagerung in einen Spaltraum zwischen dem GehƤuse (2) und dem Rotor (6) geleitet wird.Method for compressing a vapor of a medium by means of a rotary vane steam compressor (1) having a rotor (6) rotatably mounted about a drive shaft (10) with at least one slide (14) and at least one compressor chamber (26) passing through a housing (2) and at least also by the at least one slide (14) is limited, characterized in that the medium is used in liquid form as a lubricant by at least one feed (44) in the storage in a gap space between the housing (2 ) and the rotor (6) is passed. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das GehƤuse (2) und/oder der Rotor (6) derart ausgebildet sind, dass das flĆ¼ssige Medium in dem Spaltraum unter einem Gegendruck steht, der grĆ¶ĆŸer als ein Kammerdruck ist, unter dem der Dampf des Mediums in der Verdichterkammer (26) steht.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing (2) and / or the rotor (6) are formed such that the liquid medium in the gap space is under a back pressure greater than a chamber pressure below which the vapor of the Medium in the compression chamber (26). Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden AnsprĆ¼che, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens ein Teil des flĆ¼ssigen Mediums verdampft, wenn es aus dem Spaltraum in die Verdichterkammer (26) eintritt.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least a portion of the liquid medium evaporates when it enters from the gap in the compression chamber (26). Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein nicht verdampfter Anteil des in die Verdichterkammer (26) eingetretenen flĆ¼ssigen Mediums durch wenigstens eine Austrittsƶffnung (28) die Verdichterkammer (26) verlƤsst.A method according to claim 3, characterized in that a non-vaporized portion of the liquid medium entering the compressor chamber (26) leaves the compressor chamber (26) through at least one outlet opening (28). Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden AnsprĆ¼che, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest ein Teil des GehƤuses (2) durch einen rotierenden Hohlzylinder (4) gebildet wird.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least part of the housing (2) by a rotating hollow cylinder (4) is formed. Drehschieber-Dampfverdichter (1) zum DurchfĆ¼hren eines Verfahrens nach einem der vorstehenden AnsprĆ¼che.Rotary vane steam compressor (1) for carrying out a method according to one of the preceding claims. Drehschieber-Dampfverdichter (1) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schieber (14) derart verschiebbar gelagert ist, dass er den Rotor (6) bezĆ¼glich einer Rotorachse (8) nach radial auƟen Ć¼berragt.Rotary vane steam compressor (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the slide (14) is mounted displaceably so that it projects beyond the rotor (6) with respect to a rotor axis (8) radially outward. Drehschieber-Dampfverdichter (1) nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mehrere Schieber (14) an dem Rotor (6) angeordnet sind.Rotary vane steam compressor (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that a plurality of slides (14) on the rotor (6) are arranged. Drehschieber-Dampfverdichter (1) nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest ein Teil des GehƤuses (2) durch einen um eine GehƤuseachse (24) drehbar gelagerten Hohlzylinder (4) gebildet wird, wobei die GehƤuseachse (24) parallel und verschoben zu der Rotorachse (8) verlƤuft.Rotary vane vapor compressor (1) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that at least a part of the housing (2) by a housing axis (24) rotatably mounted hollow cylinder (4) is formed, wherein the housing axis (24) parallel and displaced to the rotor axis (8).
EP15001841.4A 2014-07-03 2015-06-22 Method for compressing steam and steam compressor Active EP2963299B1 (en)

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DE102014010149.5A DE102014010149B3 (en) 2014-07-03 2014-07-03 Method for compressing a steam and vapor compressor

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EP2963299B1 EP2963299B1 (en) 2019-05-01

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WO2024170474A1 (en) * 2023-02-14 2024-08-22 Busch Produktions Gmbh Sustainable compressor

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EP1428978A1 (en) * 2001-09-21 2004-06-16 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Rotary fluid machine
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DE102004053895A1 (en) 2004-11-09 2006-05-11 Boge Kompressoren Otto Boge Gmbh & Co. Kg Compressor has secondary water flow connecting water circuit to second water injection point and water treatment unit is installed downstream of pressure-reducing restrictor in auxiliary water flow
GB2477777A (en) * 2010-02-12 2011-08-17 Univ City Lubrication of screw machines

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* Cited by examiner, ā€  Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024170474A1 (en) * 2023-02-14 2024-08-22 Busch Produktions Gmbh Sustainable compressor

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