EP2952106A1 - Machine assembly for the tobacco-processing industry, and method for feeding a material in fibre form - Google Patents
Machine assembly for the tobacco-processing industry, and method for feeding a material in fibre form Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2952106A1 EP2952106A1 EP15170643.9A EP15170643A EP2952106A1 EP 2952106 A1 EP2952106 A1 EP 2952106A1 EP 15170643 A EP15170643 A EP 15170643A EP 2952106 A1 EP2952106 A1 EP 2952106A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- machine
- tobacco
- arrangement according
- conveying
- fiber material
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
- A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
- A24C5/39—Tobacco feeding devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
- A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
- A24C5/39—Tobacco feeding devices
- A24C5/398—Driving arrangements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
- A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
- A24C5/39—Tobacco feeding devices
- A24C5/399—Component parts or details, e.g. feed roller, feed belt
Definitions
- the invention relates to a machine assembly of the tobacco processing industry comprising at least one machine and apparatus for feeding fiber material to the machine, the apparatus comprising a closed pipe housing having a conveyor tube connected on one side to a feed station and on the other side to a material inlet of the machine. and a conveyor for conveying the fibrous material through the conveyor tube from the feed station to the material inlet.
- the invention further relates to a method for feeding fiber material from a loading station to a material inlet of a machine of the tobacco processing industry.
- a pneumatic tobacco feeder is known to the Applicant DE 40 27 409 A1 described.
- the charging device has a lock chamber, in which the tobacco is separated by means of screen surfaces of the conveying air flow.
- Another pneumatic device for supplying tobacco to a cigarette manufacturing machine is known from US 5,439,062 DE 693 07 898 T2 known.
- the device has a tangential separator for separating the tobacco from the conveying air flow.
- the pneumatic conveying of tobacco by means of a conveying air flow through a delivery pipe requires a large fan, which is noisy, takes up a large amount of space and is particularly energy-consuming and costly when using air-conditioned conveying air, and a dust filter or a cleaning system, which is associated with a loss of power.
- the delivery rate is also dependent on the geographical height in pneumatic conveying.
- due to the very high conveying speeds an undesirable effect on the tobacco fibers take place, which can lead to a loss of filling power, de-flavoring and generally to quality losses.
- the different flying speeds of the fibers can lead to an undesirable separation.
- a non-pneumatic apparatus for feeding cut tobacco into a distribution unit of a cigarette manufacturing machine is known.
- cut tobacco is fed via an exchangeable container to an introduction funnel in the distributor unit.
- the container When the container is empty, it can be removed and a new full container placed on the funnel.
- This type of loading continuously requires during operation a transport of full containers from the tobacco preparation to the cigarette making machine and removal of the empty containers back to the tobacco preparation.
- the object of the invention is to provide a machine assembly of the tobacco processing industry and a method with reduced effort to allow a reliable, efficient and gentle product promotion of fiber material from the feeding station to the machine.
- the conveying means is formed by a continuous pulling means running through the pipeline with spaced-apart driving disks, wherein a conveying chamber is formed in each case between two adjacent driving disks.
- This mechanical promotion can be done with comparatively very low delivery speeds and thus gentler, more homogeneous, with taste and moisture and without loss of filling power.
- the usually provided for pneumatic promotion lock on material inlet of the machine can be omitted according to the invention.
- the segregation is low because the promotion in the transport chambers is portioned in the composite. After a standstill immediate delivery without dead time with constant capacity is possible.
- Other benefits include quiet operation, compact design, lower energy consumption, significantly reduced dust accumulation and thus lower air and environmental pollution.
- there are extensive mixing possibilities for tobacco mixtures whereby individual components can be conveyed in different delivery chambers.
- the delivery tube for forming the discharge opening is advantageously opened downwards.
- the delivery pipe or the discharge opening are preferably arranged above the material inlet. The falling out of the conveyor tube through the discharge opening fiber material can therefore fall due to gravity without further aids in the material inlet of the machine.
- the pulling speed of the traction means in response to a processing speed of the machine is controlled and / or regulated to provide the appropriate amount of fiber material and to transport the fiber material as gently as possible with minimal speed.
- the dimensions of the delivery opening of the delivery tube preferably correspond to the dimensions of a charge surface for the fiber material in the machine. Furthermore, the discharge opening is preferably arranged parallel to a strand direction in the machine. The discharge opening is preferably openable and closable by means of a controlled flap.
- a certain proportion of shot cigarettes usually accrue to cigarette manufacturing machines. These are usually conveyed in a wagon. If the wagon is full, it must be picked up with industrial trucks and transported back into the tobacco preparation for reprocessing.
- a feed opening for feeding shot cigarettes from the machine into the return pipe and at the machine-remote end a discharge opening for discharging the shot cigarettes from the return pipe is provided.
- the already existing return pipe for returning the empty strand is therefore used to transport the resulting shot cigarettes back into the tobacco preparation.
- a non-contact readable identification element is provided in the driver disks.
- This embodiment allows the separate treatment of two or more types of tobacco or mixture components in the conveyor tube, for example, when changing the brand on the cigarette manufacturing machine.
- a Reading / writing station for contactless reading and / or writing of the identification elements, in particular by radio, provided with information about the content of the tobacco type / component contained in the following conveying chamber.
- the delivery tube can be supplied to the conveyed fiber material advantageous by metering solid or liquid additives, additives and mixing components.
- the addition can take place continuously or selectively discontinuously between the driver disks (for example once per transport chamber).
- the addition is metered depending on the pulling speed of the conveyor chain.
- Tobacco fibers at room temperature are brittle and quickly lose their original fiber length under mechanical stress. The consequences are increased head loss and loss of hardness. More tobacco needs to be used for compensation, which leads to increased costs.
- a device is preferably provided for heating the fiber material prior to discharge into the machine.
- the highest mechanical stress of the tobacco or tobacco fibers takes place in the processing machine, for example a cigarette machine or distributor unit, strand unit, filter piecing. It is therefore advantageous immediately before to heat the tobacco mixture to a temperature of at least 40 ° C, for example 50 ° C. This makes the tobacco fibers smoother and better resistant to impending short-term stress.
- the material inlet of the machine preceding part of the delivery pipe is double-walled.
- This heating can be done advantageously by means of a double-walled conveyor tube for the tube chain conveyor.
- a heating medium in particular hot air or hot water, in the double wall of the tobacco is heated on the way from the feeder to (cigarette) machine and thus advantageously achieved the desired effect for tobacco savings by supple fibers.
- the fiber material is in particular tobacco, preferably cut tobacco. However, it may also be, for example, a semi-finished product, i. a tobacco-like, synthetically-made fibrous material, or a blend of tobacco with a tobacco-like fibrous material.
- the invention may be construed as using a tube chain conveyor for feeding tobacco or a fibrous material from a feed station to a material inlet of a machine of the tobacco processing industry.
- the time of shutdown of the tobacco supply in the feeding station is advantageously sized so that the chain tube still enough fiber material volume is included until completion of the current production, but ideally not much more to avoid additional empty after completion of the current production order or minimize.
- an electronic control device for performing the method steps described above, in particular for switching off the fiber material feed at the feed station a predefined time before completion of production on the machine so that the tube chain conveyor is emptied during the production operation of the machine, set up or programmed.
- the machine assembly 10 according to Fig. 1 comprises a cigarette manufacturing machine 11 having a distributor unit 12, a string unit 13 and a filter attachment machine 14.
- the machine assembly 10 further comprises a device 15 for feeding fiber material to the distribution unit 12 of the cigarette manufacturing machine 11.
- the device 15 comprises a closed tube housing 34 with a delivery tube 17 and a return tube 19, a feed station 16 arranged in particular in the delivery tube 17, an endless draw means 21 running in the tube housing 34, a deflection station 18 serving, for example, as a drive station for the device 15, and a further deflection station 20, which serves, for example, as a tensioning station for the traction means 21.
- the circulating through the tubular housing 34 and the deflection stations 18, 20 traction means 21 may be in particular a chain, but for example, a cable or a rope.
- the current through the conveying tube 17 part of the traction means 21 forms the conveying strand, which runs through the return pipe part of the traction means 21, the slack side.
- deflecting wheels 22, 24 are provided for deflecting the traction means 21.
- the deflection wheel 22 is by means of a motor 25, in particular an electric motor, driven to pull the traction means 21.
- the deflection wheel 24 and thus traction means 21 can be tensioned by means of a clamping device 31 shown only schematically.
- the deflection station 18 may be designed as a tensioning station and the deflection station 20 as a drive station.
- Mitschitzitzitzsch 21 are preferably arranged at the Endloszugsch 21 at regular intervals from each other, which completely fill the pipe cross-section of the tubular housing 34 in order to achieve the most complete possible entrainment of the fiber material.
- the drive plates 26 are advantageously rigidly attached to the traction means 21 to prevent tilting of the drive plates 26 during operation. With a conveyor chain 21, a rigid connection can be realized. Between each two adjacent drive plates 26 each transport chambers 27 are formed in which transported by the feed station 16 into the conveyor tube 17 introduced fiber material in portions or promoted.
- the feeding station 16 comprises, for example, a hopper 28 placed on the conveying pipe 17, the outlet of which is connected to an inlet opening 29 provided at the top in a pipe wall of the conveying pipe 17, as in FIG Fig. 1 shown.
- the filled into the hopper 28 tobacco can thus fall due to gravity without further aids through the inlet opening 29 in the conveying pipe 17, where it is conveyed by the driver 27 in the direction of arrow to the distributor unit 12 out.
- the delivery of the fiber material from the conveying tube 17 into the distributor unit 12 takes place in the exemplary embodiment of FIG Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 via a discharge port 35 provided at the bottom of the pipe wall of the delivery pipe 17; the delivery pipe 17 is thus opened down.
- the discharge opening 35 is connected to a chute 36 whose lower end is connected to the material inlet 32 of the distributor unit 12.
- the discharge opening 35 is thus arranged above the material inlet 32. The falling out through the discharge opening 35 from the conveyor pipe 17 tobacco can therefore fall due to gravity without further aids through the chute 36 and the material inlet 32 into the distributor unit 12.
- An electronic control device 33 which in Fig. 1 is shown only schematically and may for example be formed by a machine controller of the cigarette making machine 11, the motor 25 advantageously controls so that the amount of tobacco conveyed through the conveying line 17 is adapted to the processing speed of the cigarette manufacturing machine 11.
- the conveying speed is thus controlled and / or regulated depending on the needs of the cigarette manufacturing machine 11.
- a control or regulation based on a signal from a not shown, for example in the chute 36 or the hopper 30 (see Fig. 6 ) arranged level sensor take place.
- the fiber material entering the distributor unit 12 via the filling opening 32 first passes into a reservoir and is fed from there, for example via an addition roller or a steep conveyor belt, to a sifter, whereby the sighted tobacco fibers enter the strand unit 13 via a stowage shaft.
- the fiber material, bypassing or avoiding a classifier is fed directly from the filling opening 32 into the strand unit 13.
- This can especially advantageous for tobacco-like, synthetically produced, particularly sensitive fiber material, which may be impaired when passing through the classifier.
- the discharge opening 35 is advantageously arranged parallel to the strand direction in the strand unit 13.
- the dimensions of the discharge opening 35 preferably correspond to the dimensions of a charging surface for the fiber material in the strand unit 13.
- Both embodiments described above can be combined, i. Supplying tobacco fibers via a first filling opening 35 leading to the classifier, and feeding tobacco-like, synthetically produced fiber material to a second filling opening 35, which leads directly to the strand unit 13, bypassing the classifier.
- the discharge opening 35 can advantageously be opened and closed by means of a flap 37 controlled in particular by the electronic control device 33.
- the discharge of the fiber material from the conveying tube 17 into the distributor unit 12 takes place through the opening flap 37 on the underside of the conveyor tube 17 as soon as a full material charge has passed the length of the flap 37.
- Fig. 3 is particularly advantageous when the conveyor 15 is used for economic reasons for the serial loading of a plurality of cigarette manufacturing machines 11 in the machine assembly 10, which process, for example, the same tobacco mixture.
- FIG. 4 schematically with reference to a machine installation 10 with two series-connected to the same conveyor device 15 cigarette manufacturing machines 11A, 11B shown.
- the delivery tube 17 there is provided a corresponding plurality of delivery ports 35A, 35B, each delivery port 35A, 35B being openable and closable by means of a controlled flap 37A, 37B.
- the control device 33 controls the flaps 37A, 37B and / or the pulling speed of the endless drawing means 21 individually, depending on the fiber material requirements of the individual machines 11A, 11B.
- the feed control 33 determines the current tobacco demand of each individual cigarette making machine 11A, 11B based on its current production rate, the tobacco use weight of the current cigarette brand and the level of its internal tobacco reservoir. Based on this data, the feed control 33 controls the opening / closing of the flaps 37A, 37B or the corresponding chutes and the conveying speed of the pulling means 21. If tobacco should still be present in the conveying tube 17 at the end of the conveying tube 17, ie after the last cigarette manufacturing machine 11B , the remaining tobacco is advantageously discharged before the following guide wheel 22 and fed back into the feed station 16.
- a discharge station 38 which here comprises the deflection station 18, but may also be designed independently of the deflection station 18.
- the dispensing station 38 comprises a funnel 30, which is arranged, for example, below a box, here the deflection station 18, and whose outlet 39 is connected to the material inlet 32 of the machine 10.
- the delivery pipe 17 opens into the box or the deflecting station 18, so that in this case the mouth of the delivery pipe 17 forms the discharge opening 35 in the discharge station 38.
- the discharge opening 35 is advantageously above the hopper outlet 39 and thus located above the material inlet 32, as best in Fig. 6 is recognizable.
- the tobacco emerging from the conveying pipe 17 can therefore fall into the hopper 30 without gravity and through the funnel outlet 39 and the material inlet 32 into the distributor unit 12 without further aids.
- one or more directed to the traction means 21 air nozzles 41 may be provided for blowing off residual tobacco.
- at least one air nozzle 41 directed towards the traction means 21 can advantageously be arranged behind the discharge opening 35 in the conveying direction for discharging residual tobacco Fig. 1 for example, in the deflection station 18th
- At least one feed device 40 for feeding additives and / or mixture constituents into the interior of the conveyor pipe 17 may be arranged on the conveyor pipe 17 between the feed station 16 and the discharge opening 35.
- the feed can advantageously be metered in dependence on the pulling speed of the conveyor chain.
- the feed station 16 may comprise a T-shaped manifold, wherein the tobacco is supplied through a feed line connected to the third opening of the manifold.
- the feeding station 16 does not necessarily have to be designed independently, for example, the feeding station 16 can be realized in the deflection station 20.
- a non-contact readable identification element for example a transponder, is inserted or cast into each driver disk 26.
- This design allows separate treatment of two or more types of tobacco or mixture components in the conveying tube 17, for example when changing the brand of the cigarette manufacturing machine 11.
- Outside the conveying tube 17 is a read / write station for non-contact reading and / or writing the identification elements with information about the content of in the following delivery chamber 27 contained tobacco variety / component.
- a feed opening for example a mounted on the return pipe 19 funnel or a T-branch, for feeding shot cigarettes from the machine 11 in the return pipe 19th , and at the machine-remote end (in front of the deflection station 20) a discharge opening, for example a chute, for discharging the shot cigarettes from the return pipe is provided.
- the discharged shot cigarettes can be advantageously fed to a related recycling plant for the separation of tobacco and paper / filter.
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Abstract
Eine Maschinenanordnung (10) der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie mit mindestens einer Maschine (11) und einer Vorrichtung (15) zum Zuführen von Fasermaterial zu der Maschine (11), wobei die Vorrichtung (15) ein geschlossenes Rohrgehäuse (34) mit einem Förderrohr (17), das einerseits mit einer Aufgabestation (16) und andererseits mit einem Materialeinlass (32) der Maschine (11) verbunden ist, und ein Fördermittel (21, 26) zum Fördern des Fasermaterials durch das Förderrohr (17) von der Aufgabestation (16) zu dem Materialeinlass (32) umfasst, zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass das Fördermittel (21, 26) von einem durch das Rohrgehäuse (34) verlaufenden Endloszugmittel (21) und daran voneinander beanstandet angebrachte Mitnehmerscheiben (26) gebildet wird.A machine assembly (10) of the tobacco processing industry comprising at least one machine (11) and apparatus (15) for feeding fiber material to the machine (11), the apparatus (15) comprising a closed pipe housing (34) having a conveyor pipe (17 ) connected on one side to a feed station (16) and on the other hand to a material inlet (32) of the machine (11), and a conveyor (21, 26) for conveying the fiber material through the feed tube (17) from the feed station (16). to the material inlet (32), characterized in that the conveying means (21, 26) of a through the tubular housing (34) extending Endloszugmittel (21) and spaced therefrom spaced apart Mitnehmerscheiben (26) is formed.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Maschinenanordnung der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie mit mindestens einer Maschine und einer Vorrichtung zum Zuführen von Fasermaterial zu der Maschine, wobei die Vorrichtung ein geschlossenes Rohrgehäuse mit einem Förderrohr umfasst, das einerseits mit einer Aufgabestation und andererseits mit einem Materialeinlass der Maschine verbunden ist, und ein Fördermittel zum Fördern des Fasermaterials durch das Förderrohr von der Aufgabestation zu dem Materialeinlass. Die Erfindung betrifft des Weiteren ein Verfahren zum Zuführen von Fasermaterial von einer Aufgabestation zu einem Materialeinlass einer Maschine der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie.The invention relates to a machine assembly of the tobacco processing industry comprising at least one machine and apparatus for feeding fiber material to the machine, the apparatus comprising a closed pipe housing having a conveyor tube connected on one side to a feed station and on the other side to a material inlet of the machine. and a conveyor for conveying the fibrous material through the conveyor tube from the feed station to the material inlet. The invention further relates to a method for feeding fiber material from a loading station to a material inlet of a machine of the tobacco processing industry.
Die Förderung von Tabak von einer Aufgabestation in der Tabakvorbereitung zu dem Verteiler einer Zigarettenherstellungsmaschine erfolgt seit langer Zeit pneumatisch, siehe beispielsweise
Eine pneumatische Beschickungsvorrichtung fĂĽr Tabak der Anmelderin ist in der
Eine weitere pneumatische Vorrichtung zum ZufĂĽhren von Tabak zu einer Zigarettenherstellungsmaschine ist aus der
Die pneumatische Förderung von Tabak mittels eines Förderluftstroms durch ein Förderrohr erfordert ein großes Gebläse, was laut ist, einen großen Bauraum beansprucht und insbesondere bei Verwendung klimatisierter Förderluft energie- und kostenintensiv ist, sowie einen Staubfilter bzw. ein Reinigungssystem, womit ein Leistungsverlust verbunden ist. Die Förderleistung ist bei der pneumatischen Förderung auch abhängig von der geographischen Höhe. Zudem kann aufgrund der sehr hohen Fördergeschwindigkeiten eine unerwünschte Einwirkung auf die Tabakfasern stattfinden, welche zu einem Verlust an Füllkraft, De-Flavouring und allgemein zu Qualitätseinbußen führen kann. Des Weiteren können die unterschiedlichen Fluggeschwindigkeiten der Fasern zu einer unerwünschten Entmischung führen. Schließlich entstehen nach einem Stillstand Totzeiten, bis die Förderluft den angeforderten Tabak liefert.The pneumatic conveying of tobacco by means of a conveying air flow through a delivery pipe requires a large fan, which is noisy, takes up a large amount of space and is particularly energy-consuming and costly when using air-conditioned conveying air, and a dust filter or a cleaning system, which is associated with a loss of power. The delivery rate is also dependent on the geographical height in pneumatic conveying. In addition, due to the very high conveying speeds an undesirable effect on the tobacco fibers take place, which can lead to a loss of filling power, de-flavoring and generally to quality losses. Furthermore, the different flying speeds of the fibers can lead to an undesirable separation. Finally, after a standstill dead times arise until the conveying air supplies the requested tobacco.
Aus der
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, eine Maschinenanordnung der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie und ein Verfahren bereitzustellen, die mit verringertem Aufwand eine zuverlässige, effiziente und produktschonende Förderung von Fasermaterial von der Aufgabestation zu der Maschine ermöglichen.The object of the invention is to provide a machine assembly of the tobacco processing industry and a method with reduced effort to allow a reliable, efficient and gentle product promotion of fiber material from the feeding station to the machine.
Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe mit den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Ansprüche. Erfindungsgemäß wird das Fördermittel von einem durch die Rohrleitung verlaufenden Endloszugmittel mit voneinander beanstandet angebrachten Mitnehmerscheiben gebildet, wobei jeweils zwischen zwei benachbarten Mitnehmerscheiben eine Förderkammer gebildet ist. Diese mechanische Förderung kann mit vergleichsweise sehr kleinen Fördergeschwindigkeiten und somit schonender, homogener, mit Geschmacks- und Feuchtigkeitserhalt sowie ohne Verlust an Füllkraft erfolgen. Die bei pneumatischer Förderung üblicherweise vorgesehene Schleuse am Materialeinlass der Maschine kann erfindungsgemäß entfallen. Die Entmischung ist gering, da die Förderung in den Transportkammern portioniert im Verbund erfolgt. Nach einem Stillstand ist sofortige Förderung ohne Totzeit mit gleichbleibender Förderleistung möglich. Weitere Vorteile sind leiser Betrieb, kompakte Bauweise, geringerer Energieverbrauch, erheblich verringerter Staubanfall und somit geringere Luft- und Umweltbelastung. Zudem bestehen umfassende Mischungsmöglichkeiten für Tabakmischungen, wobei einzelne Komponenten jeweils in verschiedenen Förderkammern gefördert werden können.The invention solves this problem with the features of the independent claims. According to the invention, the conveying means is formed by a continuous pulling means running through the pipeline with spaced-apart driving disks, wherein a conveying chamber is formed in each case between two adjacent driving disks. This mechanical promotion can be done with comparatively very low delivery speeds and thus gentler, more homogeneous, with taste and moisture and without loss of filling power. The usually provided for pneumatic promotion lock on material inlet of the machine can be omitted according to the invention. The segregation is low because the promotion in the transport chambers is portioned in the composite. After a standstill immediate delivery without dead time with constant capacity is possible. Other benefits include quiet operation, compact design, lower energy consumption, significantly reduced dust accumulation and thus lower air and environmental pollution. In addition, there are extensive mixing possibilities for tobacco mixtures, whereby individual components can be conveyed in different delivery chambers.
In einer Ausführungsform ist das Förderrohr zur Bildung der Abgabeöffnung vorteilhaft nach unten geöffnet. Das Förderrohr bzw. die Abgabeöffnung sind vorzugsweise oberhalb des Materialeinlasses angeordnet. Das aus dem Förderrohr durch die Abgabeöffnung herausfallende Fasermaterial kann daher schwerkraftbedingt ohne weitere Hilfsmittel in den Materialeinlass der Maschine fallen.In one embodiment, the delivery tube for forming the discharge opening is advantageously opened downwards. The delivery pipe or the discharge opening are preferably arranged above the material inlet. The falling out of the conveyor tube through the discharge opening fiber material can therefore fall due to gravity without further aids in the material inlet of the machine.
Vorzugsweise ist die Zuggeschwindigkeit des Zugmittels in Abhängigkeit von einer Verarbeitungsgeschwindigkeit der Maschine steuer- und/oder regelbar, um die passende Fasermaterialmenge bereitzustellen und das Fasermaterial möglichst schonend mit minimaler Geschwindigkeit zu transportieren.Preferably, the pulling speed of the traction means in response to a processing speed of the machine is controlled and / or regulated to provide the appropriate amount of fiber material and to transport the fiber material as gently as possible with minimal speed.
Vorzugsweise entsprechen die Abmessungen der Abgabeöffnung des Förderrohrs den Abmessungen einer Aufschüttfläche für das Fasermaterial in der Maschine. Des Weiteren ist die Abgabeöffnung vorzugsweise parallel zu einer Strangrichtung in der Maschine angeordnet. Die Abgabeöffnung ist vorzugsweise mittels einer gesteuerten Klappe öffen- und verschließbar.The dimensions of the delivery opening of the delivery tube preferably correspond to the dimensions of a charge surface for the fiber material in the machine. Furthermore, the discharge opening is preferably arranged parallel to a strand direction in the machine. The discharge opening is preferably openable and closable by means of a controlled flap.
An Zigarettenherstellungsmaschinen fällt üblicherweise ein gewisser Anteil Schusszigaretten an. Diese werden üblicherweise in einen Schusswagen gefördert. Ist der Schusswagen voll, muss er mit Flurförderfahrzeugen abgeholt und in die Tabakvorbereitung zur Wiederaufarbeitung zurücktransportiert werden. Nach einem bevorzugten Merkmal der Erfindung ist in einem Rückführrohr am maschinenseitigen Ende eine Zuführöffnung zum Zuführen von Schusszigaretten aus der Maschine in das Rückführrohr und am maschinenfernen Ende eine Abführöffnung zum Abführen der Schusszigaretten aus dem Rückführrohr vorgesehen. Das ohnehin vorhandene Rückführrohr zum Rückführen des Leertrums wird daher genutzt, um die anfallenden Schusszigaretten in die Tabakvorbereitung zurück zu transportieren.A certain proportion of shot cigarettes usually accrue to cigarette manufacturing machines. These are usually conveyed in a wagon. If the wagon is full, it must be picked up with industrial trucks and transported back into the tobacco preparation for reprocessing. According to a preferred feature of the invention, in a return pipe at the machine-side end, a feed opening for feeding shot cigarettes from the machine into the return pipe and at the machine-remote end a discharge opening for discharging the shot cigarettes from the return pipe is provided. The already existing return pipe for returning the empty strand is therefore used to transport the resulting shot cigarettes back into the tobacco preparation.
In einer Ausführungsform ist in den Mitnehmerscheiben ein berührungsfrei auslesbares Identifikationselement vorgesehen. Diese Ausführung gestattet die getrennte Behandlung von zwei oder mehr Tabaksorten oder Mischungskomponenten in dem Förderrohr, beispielsweise bei einem Markenwechsel an der Zigarettenherstellungsmaschine. Außerhalb des Förderrohres ist eine Lese-/Schreibstation zum berührungslosen Auslesen und/oder Beschreiben der Identifikationselemente, insbesondere per Funk, mit Information über den Inhalt der in der folgenden Förderkammer enthaltenen Tabaksorte/-komponente vorgesehen.In one embodiment, a non-contact readable identification element is provided in the driver disks. This embodiment allows the separate treatment of two or more types of tobacco or mixture components in the conveyor tube, for example, when changing the brand on the cigarette manufacturing machine. Outside the delivery pipe is a Reading / writing station for contactless reading and / or writing of the identification elements, in particular by radio, provided with information about the content of the tobacco type / component contained in the following conveying chamber.
An beliebiger Stelle des Förderrohres können vorteilhaft durch Dosiereinrichtungen feste oder flüssige Beigaben, Zusatzstoffe sowie Mischungsbestandteile dem geförderten Fasermaterial zugeführt werden. Die Zugabe kann dabei kontinuierlich oder gezielt diskontinuierlich zwischen den Mitnehmerscheiben (beispielsweise einmal pro Transportkammer) erfolgen. Vorzugsweise erfolgt die Zugabe dosiert in Abhängigkeit von der Zuggeschwindigkeit der Förderkette.At any point of the delivery tube can be supplied to the conveyed fiber material advantageous by metering solid or liquid additives, additives and mixing components. The addition can take place continuously or selectively discontinuously between the driver disks (for example once per transport chamber). Preferably, the addition is metered depending on the pulling speed of the conveyor chain.
Tabakfasern bei Raumtemperatur sind brüchig und verlieren bei mechanischer Belastung schnell ihre ursprüngliche Faserlänge. Die Folgen sind erhöhter Kopfausfall und Härteverlust. Mehr Tabak muss zur Kompensation eingesetzt werden, was zu erhöhten Kosten führt. Zur Lösung dieses Problems ist vorzugsweise eine Vorrichtung zum Erwärmen des Fasermaterials vor der Abgabe in die Maschine vorgesehen. Die höchste mechanische Beanspruchung des Tabaks bzw. der Tabakfasern findet in der verarbeitenden Maschine, beispielsweise einer Zigarettenmaschine bzw. Verteilereinheit, Strangeinheit, Filteransetzer statt. Es ist daher vorteilhaft, unmittelbar vorher die Tabakmischung auf eine Temperatur von mindestens 40 °C, beispielsweise 50 °C zu erwärmen. Dadurch werden die Tabakfasern geschmeidiger und widerstehen besser der bevorstehenden, kurzzeitigen Beanspruchung. Vorteilhaft ist daher ein dem Materialeinlass der Maschine vorausgehender Teil des Förderrohrs doppelwandig ausgeführt.Tobacco fibers at room temperature are brittle and quickly lose their original fiber length under mechanical stress. The consequences are increased head loss and loss of hardness. More tobacco needs to be used for compensation, which leads to increased costs. To solve this problem, a device is preferably provided for heating the fiber material prior to discharge into the machine. The highest mechanical stress of the tobacco or tobacco fibers takes place in the processing machine, for example a cigarette machine or distributor unit, strand unit, filter piecing. It is therefore advantageous immediately before to heat the tobacco mixture to a temperature of at least 40 ° C, for example 50 ° C. This makes the tobacco fibers smoother and better resistant to impending short-term stress. Advantageously, therefore, the material inlet of the machine preceding part of the delivery pipe is double-walled.
Diese Erwärmung kann vorteilhaft mittels eines doppelwandigen Förderrohrs für den Rohrkettenförderer erfolgen. Durch ein Heizmedium, insbesondere heiße Luft oder warmes Wasser, in der Doppelwand wird der Tabak auf dem Weg vom Beschicker zur (Zigaretten-)Maschine erwärmt und so der gewünschte Effekt zur Tabakeinsparung durch geschmeidige Fasern vorteilhaft erzielt.This heating can be done advantageously by means of a double-walled conveyor tube for the tube chain conveyor. By a heating medium, in particular hot air or hot water, in the double wall of the tobacco is heated on the way from the feeder to (cigarette) machine and thus advantageously achieved the desired effect for tobacco savings by supple fibers.
Bei dem Fasermaterial handelt es sich insbesondere um Tabak, vorzugsweise Schnitttabak. Es kann sich aber beispielsweise auch um ein Halbfabrikat, d.h. ein tabakähnliches, synthetisch hergestelltes Fasermaterial, oder eine Mischung aus Tabak mit einem tabakähnlichen Fasermaterial, handeln.The fiber material is in particular tobacco, preferably cut tobacco. However, it may also be, for example, a semi-finished product, i. a tobacco-like, synthetically-made fibrous material, or a blend of tobacco with a tobacco-like fibrous material.
Die Erfindung kann als Verwendung eines Rohrkettenförderers zum Zuführen von Tabak oder eines Fasermaterials von einer Aufgabestation zu einem Materialeinlass einer Maschine der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie aufgefasst werden.The invention may be construed as using a tube chain conveyor for feeding tobacco or a fibrous material from a feed station to a material inlet of a machine of the tobacco processing industry.
In einem Verfahren zum Zuführen von Fasermaterial von einer Aufgabestation zu einem Materialeinlass einer Maschine der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie unter Verwendung eines Rohrkettenförderers stellt sich dabei das Problem, dass in einem Rohrkettenförderer große Mengen an Tabak im Kettenrohr verbleiben, die im Falle eines Marken- oder Produktwechsels umständlich aus dem Rohr herausgefahren werden müssen.In a method for feeding fiber material from a feed station to a material inlet of a machine of the tobacco processing industry using a tube chain conveyor, there is the problem that remain in a tube chain conveyor large amounts of tobacco in the chain tube, which cumbersome in the case of a brand or product change must be pulled out of the pipe.
Zur Lösung dieses Problems ist es vorteilhaft, wenn eine vordefinierte Zeit vor Abschluss einer Produktion auf der Maschine, beispielsweise bei einem Marken- oder Produktwechsel, die Fasermaterialzuführung an der Aufgabestation unterbrochen und der Rohrkettenförderer noch während des Produktionsbetriebs der Maschine leergefahren wird.To solve this problem, it is advantageous if a predefined time before completion of production on the machine, for example in a brand or product change, interrupted the fiber material feed at the feed station and the tube chain conveyor is drained during the production operation of the machine.
Der Zeitpunkt der Abschaltung der Tabakzufuhr in der Aufgabestation ist dabei vorteilhaft so bemessen, dass im Kettenrohr noch genug Fasermaterialvolumen bis zur Erledigung der aktuellen Produktion enthalten ist, jedoch idealerweise auch nicht wesentlich mehr, um ein zusätzliches Leerfahren nach Erledigung des aktuellen Produktionsauftrags zu vermeiden oder zu minimieren. Um den Zeitpunkt der Abschaltung der Tabakzufuhr in der Aufgabestation optimal wählen zu können, wird dieser vorzugsweise basierend auf dem Tabakstockgewicht der aktuellen Zigarettenmarke und/oder dem geometrischen Kettenrohrvolumen r2π·L (r = Innendurchmesser und L = Länge des Kettenrohrs) minus Ketten- und Scheibenvolumen berechnet.The time of shutdown of the tobacco supply in the feeding station is advantageously sized so that the chain tube still enough fiber material volume is included until completion of the current production, but ideally not much more to avoid additional empty after completion of the current production order or minimize. In order to be able to optimally choose the time of switching off the tobacco feed in the feed station, this is preferably based on the tobacco rod weight of the current cigarette brand and / or the geometric chain tube volume r 2 π · L (r = inner diameter and L = length of the chain tube) minus chain tube volume. and disc volume calculated.
Vorteilhaft ist eine elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung zur Durchführung der zuvor beschriebenen Verfahrensschritte, insbesondere zum Abschalten der Fasermaterialzuführung an der Aufgabestation eine vordefinierte Zeit vor Abschluss einer Produktion auf der Maschine, so dass der Rohrkettenförderer noch während des Produktionsbetriebs der Maschine leergefahren wird, eingerichtet bzw. programmiert.Advantageously, an electronic control device for performing the method steps described above, in particular for switching off the fiber material feed at the feed station a predefined time before completion of production on the machine so that the tube chain conveyor is emptied during the production operation of the machine, set up or programmed.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand bevorzugter Ausführungsformen unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Figuren erläutert. Dabei zeigt:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine Maschinenanordnung der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie;
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische Seitenansicht auf die Maschine aus
Fig. 1 ; - Fig. 3
- eine schematische Seitenansicht auf die Maschine in einer anderen AusfĂĽhrungsform;
- Fig. 4
- eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine Maschinenanordnung mit einer Mehrzahl von Maschinen;
- Fig. 5
- eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine Maschinenanordnung in einer weiteren AusfĂĽhrungsform; und
- Fig. 6
- eine schematische Seitenansicht auf die Maschine aus
Fig. 5 .
- Fig. 1
- a schematic plan view of a machine assembly of the tobacco processing industry;
- Fig. 2
- a schematic side view of the machine
Fig. 1 ; - Fig. 3
- a schematic side view of the machine in another embodiment;
- Fig. 4
- a schematic plan view of an engine arrangement with a plurality of machines;
- Fig. 5
- a schematic plan view of a machine assembly in a further embodiment; and
- Fig. 6
- a schematic side view of the machine
Fig. 5 ,
Die Maschinenanordnung 10 gemäß
Die Vorrichtung 15 umfasst ein geschlossenes Rohrgehäuse 34 mit einem Förderrohr 17 und einem Rückführrohr 19, eine insbesondere in dem Förderrohr 17 angeordnete Aufgabestation 16, ein in dem Rohrgehäuse 34 verlaufendes Endloszugmittel 21, eine Umlenkstation 18, die beispielsweise als Antriebsstation für die Vorrichtung 15 dient, und eine weitere Umlenkstation 20, die beispielsweise als Spannstation für das Zugmittel 21 dient. Das durch das Rohrgehäuse 34 und die Umlenkstationen 18, 20 umlaufende Zugmittel 21 kann insbesondere eine Kette, aber beispielsweise auch ein Kabel oder ein Seil sein. Der durch das Förderrohr 17 laufende Teil des Zugmittels 21 bildet das Fördertrum, der durch das Rückführrohr laufende Teil des Zugmittels 21 das Leertrum.The
In den Umlenkstationen 18, 20 sind Umlenkräder 22, 24 zum Umlenken des Zugmittels 21 vorgesehen. Das Umlenkrad 22 ist mittels eines Motors 25, insbesondere eines Elektromotors, antreibbar, um das Zugmittel 21 zu ziehen. Das Umlenkrad 24 und somit Zugmittel 21 ist mittels einer nur schematisch gezeigten Spanneinrichtung 31 spannbar. Alternativ kann die Umlenkstation 18 als Spannstation und die Umlenkstation 20 als Antriebsstation ausgeführt sein.In the
An dem Endloszugmittel 21 sind vorzugsweise in regelmäßigen Abständen voneinander Mitnehmerscheiben 26 angeordnet, die den Rohrquerschnitt des Rohrgehäuses 34 vollständig ausfüllen, um eine möglichst vollständige Mitnahme des Fasermaterials zu erreichen. Die Mitnehmerscheiben 26 sind dabei vorteilhaft starr an dem Zugmittel 21 angebracht, um ein Verkippen der Mitnehmerscheiben 26 im Betrieb zu verhindern. Mit einer Förderkette 21 lässt sich eine starre Verbindung realisieren. Zwischen jeweils zwei benachbarten Mitnehmerscheiben 26 sind jeweils Transportkammern 27 gebildet, in denen durch die Aufgabestation 16 in das Förderrohr 17 eingebrachtes Fasermaterial portionsweise transportiert bzw. gefördert wird.
Die Aufgabestation 16 umfasst beispielsweise einen auf das Förderrohr 17 aufgesetzten Trichter 28, dessen Auslauf mit einer oben in einer Rohrwand des Förderrohrs 17 vorgesehenen Einlassöffnung 29 verbunden ist, wie in
Die Abgabe des Fasermaterials aus dem Förderrohr 17 in die Verteilereinheit 12 erfolgt im Ausführungsbeispiel der
Eine elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung 33, die in
In einer Ausführungsform gelangt das über die Einfüllöffnung 32 in die Verteilereinheit 12 einlaufende Fasermaterial zunächst in ein Reservoir und wird von dort beispielsweise über eine Zugabewalze oder ein Steilförderband einem Sichter zugeführt, wobei die gesichteten Tabakfasern über einen Stauschacht in die Strangeinheit 13 gelangen.In one embodiment, the fiber material entering the
In einer anderen Ausführungsform wird das Fasermaterial unter Umgehung oder Vermeidung eines Sichters direkt von der Einfüllöffnung 32 in die Strangeinheit 13 zugeführt. Dies kann insbesondere für tabakähnliches, synthetisch hergestelltes, besonders empfindliches Fasermaterial vorteilhaft sein, das beim Durchlaufen des Sichters beeinträchtigt werden kann. Insbesondere in dieser Ausführungsform ist die Abgabeöffnung 35 vorteilhaft parallel zu der Strangrichtung in der Strangeinheit 13 angeordnet. Des Weiteren entsprechen die Abmessungen der Abgabeöffnung 35 vorzugsweise den Abmessungen einer Aufschüttfläche für das Fasermaterial in der Strangeinheit 13.In another embodiment, the fiber material, bypassing or avoiding a classifier, is fed directly from the filling
Beide zuvor beschriebenen Ausführungsformen sind kombinierbar, d.h. Zuführung von Tabakfasern über eine erste Einfüllöffnung 35, die zum Sichter führt, und Zuführung von tabakähnlichem, synthetisch hergestelltem Fasermaterial zu einer zweiten Einfüllöffnung 35, die unter Umgehung des Sichters direkt zu der Strangeinheit 13 führt.Both embodiments described above can be combined, i. Supplying tobacco fibers via a first filling opening 35 leading to the classifier, and feeding tobacco-like, synthetically produced fiber material to a second filling opening 35, which leads directly to the
In der Ausführungsform gemäß
Die Ausführungsform gemäß
Im Detail ermittelt die Beschickungssteuerung 33 den aktuellen Tabakbedarf jeder einzelnen Zigarettenherstellungsmaschine 11A, 11B aufgrund ihrer aktuellen Produktionsgeschwindigkeit, des Tabakeinsatzgewichtes der aktuellen Zigarettenmarke und des Füllstandes ihres internen Tabakreservoirs. Die Beschickungssteuerung 33 steuert aufgrund dieser Daten das Öffnen/Schließen der Klappen 37A, 37B bzw. der entsprechenden Fallschächte und die Fördergeschwindigkeit des Zugmittels 21. Falls sich am Ende des Förderrohrs 17, also nach der letzten Zigarettenherstellungsmaschine 11B, noch Tabak im Förderrohr 17 befinden sollte, wird der Resttabak vorteilhaft vor dem folgenden Umlenkrad 22 ausgeschleust und wieder in die Aufgabestation 16 zugeführt.In detail, the
In der Ausführungsform gemäß
In der Abgabestation 38 können eine oder mehrere auf das Zugmittel 21 gerichtete Luftdüsen 41 zum Abblasen von Resttabak vorgesehen sein. Allgemein kann vorteilhaft mindestens eine auf das Zugmittel 21 gerichtete Luftdüse 41 zum Abblasen von Resttabak in Förderrichtung hinter der Abgabeöffnung 35 angeordnet sein, in
An dem Förderrohr 17 kann zwischen der Aufgabestation 16 und der Abgabeöffnung 35 mindestens eine Zuführeinrichtung 40 zum Zuführen von Zusatzstoffen und/oder Mischungsbestandteilen in das Innere des Förderrohrs 17 angeordnet sein. Die Zuführung kann vorteilhaft dosiert in Abhängigkeit von der Zuggeschwindigkeit der Förderkette erfolgen.At least one
Andere Ausführungsformen der Aufgabestation 16 als die in den Figuren gezeigte sind möglich. Beispielsweise kann die Aufgabestation 16 eine T-förmige Rohrverzweigung umfassen, wobei der Tabak durch eine mit der dritten Öffnung der Rohrverzweigung verbundene Zuführleitung zugeführt wird. Die Aufgabestation 16 muss des Weiteren nicht unbedingt eigenständig ausgeführt sein, beispielsweise kann die Aufgabestation 16 in der Umlenkstation 20 realisiert sein.Other embodiments of the feeding
In einer nicht gezeigten Ausführungsform ist in jede Mitnehmerscheibe 26 ein berührungsfrei auslesbares Identifikationselement, beispielsweise ein Transponder, eingesetzt bzw. eingegossen. Diese Ausführung gestattet die getrennte Behandlung von zwei oder mehr Tabaksorten oder Mischungskomponenten in dem Förderrohr 17, beispielsweise bei einem Markenwechsel an der Zigarettenherstellungsmaschine 11. Außerhalb des Förderrohres 17 ist eine Lese-/Schreibstation zum berührungslosen Auslesen und/oder Beschreiben der Identifikationselemente mit Information über den Inhalt der in der folgenden Förderkammer 27 enthaltenen Tabaksorte/-komponente vorgesehen.In one embodiment, not shown, a non-contact readable identification element, for example a transponder, is inserted or cast into each
An der Zigarettenherstellungsmaschine 11 fällt üblicherweise ein gewisser Anteil Schusszigaretten an. In einer weiteren nicht gezeigten Ausführungsform ist daher in dem Rückführrohr 19 am maschinenseitigen Ende (hinter der Umlenkstation 18) eine Zuführöffnung, beispielsweise ein auf dem Rückführrohr 19 angebrachter Trichter oder eine T-Verzweigung, zum Zuführen von Schusszigaretten aus der Maschine 11 in das Rückführrohr 19, und an dem maschinenfernen Ende (vor der Umlenkstation 20) eine Abführöffnung, beispielsweise ein Fallschacht, zum Abführen der Schusszigaretten aus dem Rückführrohr vorgesehen. Die abgeführten Schusszigaretten können vorteilhaft einer nahestehenden Wiederaufbereitungsanlage zur Trennung von Tabak und Papier/Filter zugeführt werden.At the
Claims (15)
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PL15170643T PL2952106T3 (en) | 2014-06-05 | 2015-06-04 | Machine assembly for the tobacco-processing industry, and method for feeding a material in fibre form |
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DE102014210719.9A DE102014210719B3 (en) | 2014-06-05 | 2014-06-05 | Machine arrangement of the tobacco processing industry |
Publications (2)
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EP2952106A1 true EP2952106A1 (en) | 2015-12-09 |
EP2952106B1 EP2952106B1 (en) | 2019-03-13 |
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EP15170643.9A Revoked EP2952106B1 (en) | 2014-06-05 | 2015-06-04 | Machine assembly for the tobacco-processing industry, and method for feeding a material in fibre form |
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Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP2952106B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN105286082B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102014210719B3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2952106T3 (en) |
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DE102015113292A1 (en) | 2015-08-12 | 2017-02-16 | Hauni Maschinenbau Gmbh | Method of providing small pieces of tobacco and setting up the tobacco processing industry |
DE102015113289A1 (en) | 2015-08-12 | 2017-02-16 | Hauni Maschinenbau Gmbh | Method for providing at least one tobacco rod of a tobacco mixture and device of the tobacco processing industry |
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DE19850399A1 (en) | 1998-11-02 | 2000-05-11 | Frank Schrage | Tube and chain conveyor for simultaneous delivery and temperature control of product has conveying discs with known degree of product transmittability, and with through-openings equally distributed around chain or disc centre |
JP3605593B2 (en) | 2001-11-29 | 2004-12-22 | ç˛ľç ”ĺ·ĄćĄć ŞĺĽŹäĽšç¤ľ | Grain traverse conveyor |
EP1495684B1 (en) * | 2003-07-09 | 2007-09-12 | Hauni Maschinbau AG | Outward transfer of filter rods from a conveyor duct |
WO2005035404A1 (en) * | 2003-10-14 | 2005-04-21 | Raijmakers Leon Fatima Peter H | Scraper conveyor |
DE102008056296A1 (en) | 2008-11-07 | 2010-05-12 | Hauni Maschinenbau Ag | Apparatus and method for feeding cut tobacco from a tobacco feeding unit to a tobacco processing machine |
-
2014
- 2014-06-05 DE DE102014210719.9A patent/DE102014210719B3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-06-04 EP EP15170643.9A patent/EP2952106B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2015-06-04 CN CN201510301391.5A patent/CN105286082B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-06-04 PL PL15170643T patent/PL2952106T3/en unknown
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DE575305C (en) | 1933-04-26 | Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken G | Pneumatic tobacco feed system for several cigarette machines | |
DE876064C (en) * | 1942-05-15 | 1953-05-07 | Martin Brinkmann K G | Method and device for loading a tobacco residue |
GB2145922A (en) * | 1981-07-11 | 1985-04-11 | Molins Plc | Cigarette making machine hopper |
DE4027409A1 (en) | 1990-08-30 | 1992-03-05 | Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg | FILLING DEVICE FOR TOBACCO, PREFERABLY FOR CUT TOBACCO |
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US20070170043A1 (en) * | 2003-12-03 | 2007-07-26 | Raijmakers Leon Fatima Peter H | Conveyor for material with magnetically driven flights in a tube |
DE102004008116A1 (en) | 2004-02-18 | 2005-09-15 | Hauni Primary Gmbh | Method and device for moving cut tobacco to distribution unit of cigarette producing machine, using special transport element |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE102014210719B3 (en) | 2015-08-20 |
PL2952106T3 (en) | 2019-08-30 |
CN105286082B (en) | 2019-08-06 |
EP2952106B1 (en) | 2019-03-13 |
CN105286082A (en) | 2016-02-03 |
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