EP2951146A1 - Verfahren zur selektiven ruthenium-katalysierten hydroaminomethylierung von olefinen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur selektiven ruthenium-katalysierten hydroaminomethylierung von olefinenInfo
- Publication number
- EP2951146A1 EP2951146A1 EP14703291.6A EP14703291A EP2951146A1 EP 2951146 A1 EP2951146 A1 EP 2951146A1 EP 14703291 A EP14703291 A EP 14703291A EP 2951146 A1 EP2951146 A1 EP 2951146A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- aryl
- ruthenium
- hydrogen
- ligand
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D295/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring hetero elements
- C07D295/027—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring hetero elements containing only one hetero ring
- C07D295/03—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring hetero elements containing only one hetero ring with the ring nitrogen atoms directly attached to acyclic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/60—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by condensation or addition reactions, e.g. Mannich reaction, addition of ammonia or amines to alkenes or to alkynes or addition of compounds containing an active hydrogen atom to Schiff's bases, quinone imines, or aziranes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D295/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring hetero elements
- C07D295/023—Preparation; Separation; Stabilisation; Use of additives
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a chemo- and regioselective process for the hydroaminomethylation of olefins with at least one primary or secondary amine under the supply of H 2 and CO under catalytic conditions in the presence of a ruthenium complex and an organic phosphite ligand.
- Amines are produced in a few million tons per year and find e.g. as a pharmacologically and biologically active substances, as dyes, agrochemicals or as fine chemicals industrial use.
- the available synthetic methods are often associated with considerable disadvantages.
- the starting materials for the amine synthesis very expensive or in the reaction is a large amount of by-products or to carry out the reaction protecting groups must be introduced and removed again.
- a major problem of the hydroaminomethylation reactions is also a slow hydrogenation of the intermediately formed enamine or imine. If the hydrogenation does not proceed with sufficient speed, undesired by-products can be formed by competing aldol reactions.
- the metal used as a catalyst must be active and selective in two steps, namely the hydroformylation and hydrogenation step.
- the object of the present invention was therefore to provide a process for the rapid regioselective hydroaminomethylation of readily available olefins (alkenes), which in particular can avoid the abovementioned disadvantages and is more cost-effective in comparison to the prior art. Above all, a good turnover should be achieved here.
- the object is achieved by a method according to claim 1.
- R-, R 2 ', R 3 ', R 4 ', R 5 ', R-, R 2 ", R 3 ", R 4 ", R 5 ", R- ", R 2 '", R 3 '', R 4 '", R5 '” are each independently selected from: hydrogen, (C 4 -C 4) -aryl, unbranched or branched (CC 12) alkyl, cycloalkyl, 0- (CC 12) alkyl, 0- (C 1 -C 12) heteroalkyl, 0- (C 4 -C 14) aryl, 0- (C 4 -C 14) - aryl (dC 14) alkyl, 0- (C 3 -C 14) -heteroaryl , CN, NO 2 , COO-alkyl, COO-aryl, CO-alkyl, CO-aryl, -SO 3 H, NH 2 , and wherein said radicals are optionally mono- or polysubstituted and
- Aryl is an aromatic hydrocarbon radical, preferably having 4 to 10 C atoms, for example phenyl (C 6 H 5 -) or naphthyl (C 10 H 7 -), with phenyl being particularly preferred.
- the aryl radical may also be part of a larger condensed ring structure.
- Alkyl is a non-branched or branched aliphatic radical.
- An alkyl group preferably has 1 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- Alkyl groups are e.g. Methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, 1-butyl, tert. Butyl, 1-pentyl, 1-hexyl.
- Cycloalkyl represents saturated cyclic hydrocarbons containing exclusively carbon atoms in the ring.
- Heteroalkyl is a non-branched or branched aliphatic radical which contains 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2, heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, S and substituted N.
- Heteroaryl represents an aryl radical in which 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2, carbon atoms are replaced by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, S and substituted N.
- the heteroaryl radical may also be part of a larger condensed ring structure.
- Heteroaryl is preferably fused five- or six-membered rings such as benzofuran, isobenzofuran, indole, isoindole, benzothiophene, benzo (c) thiophene, benzimidazole, purine, indazole, benzoxazole, quinoline, isoquinoline, quinoxaline, quinazoline, cinnoline, acridine.
- the abovementioned substituted N can be monosubstituted; the alkyl, heteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl and heteroaryl groups can be monosubstituted or polysubstituted, particularly preferably monosubstituted, disubstituted or trisubstituted by radicals selected from the group consisting of : Hydrogen, (dC 14 ) alkyl, (dC 14 ) heteroalkyl, (C 4 -C 14 ) aryl, (C 3 -C 14 ) heteroaryl, (C 3 -C 14 ) heteroaryl (C 1 -C 14 ) -alkyl, (C 3 -C 12 ) -cycloalkyl, (C 3 -C 12 ) -heterocycloalkyl, halogen (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine), hydroxy, (C 1 -C 4 ) -alkoxy, ( C
- RT, R 2 ', R 3 ', R 4 ', R 5 ', RT, R 2 ", R 3 “, R 4 ", R 5 “, RT “, R 2 “', R 3 “', R 4 “', R 5 '” are each independently selected from: hydrogen, (C 1 -C 8 ) -alkyl, preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl and tert-butyl, aryl, preferably phenyl, cyclohexyl, 0- (C 1 -C 2 ) -alkyl, COO-alkyl, wherein said alkyl, cycloalkyl and aryl groups are optionally substituted one or more times.
- (C 1 -C 8 ) -alkyl preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl and tert-butyl
- aryl preferably phenyl, cyclohexyl,
- RT R 2 ', R 3 ', R 4 ', R 5 ', R-T ', R 2 ", R 3 “, R 4 ", R 5 ", RT “, R 2 “', R 3 “', R 4 “', R 5 '” are each independently selected from: hydrogen, (Ci-Ci 2 ) - alkyl, 0- (dC 12 ) -alkyl.
- R 3 ', R 3 ", R 3 "' are each tert-butyl.
- RT, R 1 ", R-i '" are each tert-butyl.
- R 5 ', R 5 ", R 5 '" are each hydrogen.
- R 2 ', R 2 ", R 2 '" are each hydrogen.
- R 4, R 4, R 4 "' are each hydrogen.
- ruthenium is used as the metal catalyst in the present process.
- the ruthenium catalyst is formed in situ starting from a ruthenium-containing precomplex, ruthenium-containing salts and complexes being used as precursor which form ruthenium carbonylhydride complexes, preferably Ru (0) -carbonyl compounds, Ru as ruthenium source (II) - and Ru (III) halides.
- the ruthenium compounds can exist in different oxidation states, which react with synthesis gas and P-containing ligands to give corresponding active ruthenium (hydrido) (carbonyl) complexes.
- a particularly preferred precursor for use in the hydroaminomethylation process of the present invention is triruthenium dodecacarbonyl [Ru 3 (CO) i 2 ].
- the ruthenium-containing precomplex is used in amounts of 0.001 to 10 mol% with respect to the ethylenically unsaturated compound used.
- the ligand is used in a ratio of ligand: ruthenium of between 1: 1 to 4: 1.
- this ligand is used equimolar or in excess of ruthenium.
- the ratio of ligand to ruthenium is preferably between 1: 1 to 50: 1; in particularly preferred embodiments, between 1: 1 to 4: 1.
- the ligand is added in slight excess. Very particular preference is given to a ratio of ligand: ruthenium of 1.1: 1.
- the synthesis gas used in the process is a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
- the total synthesis gas pressure is preferably 0, 1 to 10.0 MPa, in particular 0.5 to 10.0 MPa and particularly preferably 1, 0 to 8.0 MPa.
- the target reaction preferably proceeds at temperatures of 60 to 180 ° C; particularly preferably at 100 to 160 ° C.
- alkynes which contain one or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds are used for the reaction.
- substrates for the process according to the invention it is possible in principle to use all compounds which contain one or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds, for example polyunsaturated compounds and cyclic alkenes.
- alkenes such as ⁇ -alkenes, internal linear and internal branched alkenes and include cycloalkenes and polyenes. These alkenes can be reacted with any type of primary and / or secondary amine or mixtures.
- At least one alkene is selected from compounds of the formula (I)
- H 2 C CR R 2 (I) with at least one primary or secondary amine selected from compounds of the formula
- Alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl and heterocycloalkyl have the meanings already mentioned above.
- Substituted N may be monosubstituted, said alkyl, heteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl and heteroaryl groups may be substituted one or more times, more preferably one, two or three times, by radicals selected from the group consisting of Hydrogen, (C 1 -C 24 ) -alkyl, (C 1 -C 24 ) -heteroalkyl, (C 5 -C 14 ) -aryl, (C 5 -C 14 ) -aryl (C 1 -C 24 ) - Alkyl, (C 5 -C 14 ) -heteroaryl, (C 5 -C 14 ) -heteroaryl (C 1 -C 24 ) -alkyl, (C 3 -C 12 ) -cycloalkyl, (C 3 -C 12 ) - Cycloalkyl- (C 1 -C 24 ) -alkyl, (C 3
- alkyl groups or heterocycloalkyl groups which are preferred according to the invention are methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, t-butyl, hexyl, cyclopentyl, Cyclohexyl, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydropylranyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl, piperidinyl and morpholinyl radicals.
- Examples of preferred aryl groups or heteroaryl groups according to the invention are cyclopentadienyl anion, phenyl, naphthyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, thiophenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, carbazole, piperidine, morpholine, piperazine, thiomorpholine, benzophenone , Cyclohexyl.
- R and / or R 2 is a radical selected from the group consisting of: H, (DC 10) alkyl, (C 6 -C 10) -aryl, (C 4 -C 10) cycloalkyl, (C 5 -C 10) heteroaryl, (C 6 -C 10) - aryl (Ci-Cio) alkyl, (C 5 -Cio) -heteroaryl- (Ci-Ci 0) -alkyl, (C 6 - d 0) aryloxy, (C 5 -C 0) heteroaryloxy, (Ce-do-do-id aryloxy alkyl, (d-doj heteroaryloxy-id-doj-alkyl, (d-do alkoxy-id -do) - alkyl, alkenyl.
- the substituents for R are preferably selected from: H, alkyl.
- the substituents for R 2 are preferably selected from: propyl, butyl, hexyl, octyl, propanoyl, butanoyl, hexenyl, phenyl, benzyl.
- R 3 and / or R 4 are preferably a radical selected from the group consisting of: (C 1 -C 10) -alkyl, (C 4 -C 4 ) -aryl, (C 3 -C 4 ) -heteroaryl, Heteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, (C 1 -C 6) aryl-O- (C 1 -C 6) -aryl.
- R 3 and R 4 are covalently linked to form a 5- to 8-membered, preferably 6-membered heterocycle, which in addition to the secondary N-atom one to three further heteroatoms, preferably another heteroatom , selected from the group consisting of S, O and N may contain, wherein, if another N atom is present in the heterocycle, this preferably has a substituent selected from the group consisting of (dC 10 ) alkyl, (C 5 -C 14) aryl and (C 5 - C 4) -aryl- (Ci-C8) alkyl, (Ci-C 8) alkyl-COO, -OH wears. Also condensed rings are possible.
- the amines used according to the invention are particularly preferably alkyl, cycloalkyl, dialkyl, phenyl or dibenzylamines, piperidine, morpholine, thiomorpholine, indoline or N-substituted piperazine, pyrrolidine or amino alcohols, carboxylate.
- solvents are used for the catalyst.
- the solvents used are generally polar inert organic solvents and / or water. Examples include dipolar aprotic solvents, aliphatic ethers, amides, aromatic compounds, alcohols and esters, ethers and mixtures thereof.
- the solvent is, for example, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), methanol, ethanol, toluene, tetrahydrofuran (THF) and propylene carbonate (PC) or mixtures thereof, in particular a mixture of an alcohol with an aromatic , Particularly preferred is a mixture of methanol and toluene.
- the catalyst can also be used in supported form, with aluminosilicates, silicas such as silica or kieselgure, activated carbon, aluminum oxides, titanium oxides or zeolites being mentioned as support materials.
- a variant of the method according to the invention is preferably characterized in that the conversion of the reaction is greater than or equal to 85%, particularly preferably greater than or equal to 90%. Due to the significantly improved catalyst activities, it is possible in the process according to the invention to use small amounts of catalyst, which make the process economically relevant.
- the catalyst used was Ru 3 (CO) i 2 combined with the ligand L1 and the comparative ligands L2 and L3:
- Reaction conditions 20 mmol 1-octene, 24 mmol piperidine, 0.2 mol% Ru 3 (CO) 12 , 0.66 mol% ligand, 10 mL of MeOH, 1 mL of toluene, 10 bar CO, 50 bar H 2 , 130 ° C , 20 h.
- the reaction mixture After addition of the internal standard (isooctane, 2.0 mL, 1.4 g, 12 mmol), the reaction mixture, after dilution with acetone, is analyzed on a 30 m HP5 column using an HP 6890 gas chromatograph. For this purpose, the following method is used: 10 minutes at 35 ° C, then heat to 280 ° C at 8 ° C / min heating rate, 6 minutes at 280 ° C.
- the internal standard isooctane, 2.0 mL, 1.4 g, 12 mmol
- Mass (analyte) [mass (int. Standard) x signal area (int. Standard) x response factor] / signal area (analyte) (i)
- the response factor is determined via a calibration series with 4 analyte / standard solutions with various known analyte and standard ratios. For each of the solutions, response factor is normalized as the ratio of the signal of analyte (A) and internal standard (IS) to specific concentration. From these individual values, the response factor emerges as its mean value.
- Example 1 (Table 1): A 100-mL autoclave is filled with Ru 3 (CO) i 2 (25.6 mg, 40.0 ⁇ ) and tris (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite (85, 3mg; 132 ⁇ ). Methanol (10 mL), toluene (10 mL), 1-octene (3.1 mL, 2.2 g, 20 mmol) and piperidine (2.4 mL, 2.0 g, 24 mmol) are added and it becomes Synthesis gas (CO / H 2 1: 5 6.0 MPa) pressed. The reaction mixture becomes 130 C. and stirred for 20 hours at this temperature. Thereafter, the autoclave is cooled and gas is released.
- the reaction mixture is analyzed by gas chromatography.
- the turnover of 1-octets is 97%.
- the selectivity of the C9 amine is 30% with an n // ratio of 79:21.
- the selectivity of the linear C9 amine is 24%.
- 3% of A / -formylpiperidine are found.
- Example 2 (Table 1): A 100-mL autoclave is filled with Ru 3 (CO) i 2 (25.6 mg, 40.0 ⁇ ) and 2- (dicyclohexylphosphino) -1-phenyl-1 H-pyrrole (44 , 7 mg, 132 ⁇ ). Methanol (10 mL), toluene (10 mL), 1-octene (3.1 mL, 2.2 g, 20 mmol) and piperidine (2.4 mL, 2.0 g, 24 mmol) are added and it becomes Synthesis gas (CO / H 2 1: 5 6.0 MPa) pressed. The reaction mixture is heated to 130 ° C and stirred for 20 hours at this temperature. Thereafter, the autoclave is cooled and gas is released.
- Ru 3 (CO) i 2 (25.6 mg, 40.0 ⁇ )
- 2- (dicyclohexylphosphino) -1-phenyl-1 H-pyrrole 44 , 7 mg, 132 ⁇ .
- Methanol (10
- reaction mixture After addition of the internal standard (isooctane, 2.0 ml, 1.4 g, 12 mmol), the reaction mixture is analyzed by gas chromatography. The turnover of 1-octene is 83%. The selectivity of C9-amine is 35% with an n // 'ratio of 83:17. The selectivity of the linear C9 amine is 29%. In addition, 2% of A / -formylpiperidine are found.
- internal standard isooctane, 2.0 ml, 1.4 g, 12 mmol
- Example 3 (Table 1): A 100-mL autoclave is filled with Ru 3 (CO) i 2 (25.6 mg, 40.0 ⁇ ) and 2- (dicyclohexylphosphino) -1 - (2-methoxyphenyl) -1H -pyrrole (48.7 mg; 132 ⁇ ). Methanol (10 mL), toluene (10 mL), 1-octene (3.1 mL, 2.2 g, 20 mmol) and piperidine (2.4 mL, 2.0 g, 24 mmol) are added and it becomes Synthesis gas (CO / H 2 1: 5 6.0 MPa) pressed. The reaction mixture is heated to 130 ° C and stirred for 20 hours at this temperature.
- the autoclave is cooled and gas is released.
- the internal standard isooctane, 2.0 ml, 1.4 g, 12 mmol
- the reaction mixture is analyzed by gas chromatography.
- the turnover of 1-octene is 80%.
- the selectivity of C9-amine is 34% with an n // 'ratio of 85:15.
- the selectivity of the linear C9 amine is 29%.
- 2% of A / -formylpiperidine are found.
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- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013201668.9A DE102013201668B4 (de) | 2013-02-01 | 2013-02-01 | Verfahren zur selektiven Ruthenium-katalysierten Hydroaminomethylierung von Olefinen |
| PCT/EP2014/051190 WO2014118042A1 (de) | 2013-02-01 | 2014-01-22 | Verfahren zur selektiven ruthenium-katalysierten hydroaminomethylierung von olefinen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2951146A1 true EP2951146A1 (de) | 2015-12-09 |
Family
ID=50070515
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14703291.6A Withdrawn EP2951146A1 (de) | 2013-02-01 | 2014-01-22 | Verfahren zur selektiven ruthenium-katalysierten hydroaminomethylierung von olefinen |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2951146A1 (de) |
| AR (1) | AR095124A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102013201668B4 (de) |
| TW (1) | TW201442996A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2014118042A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3354636B1 (de) | 2017-01-25 | 2021-03-10 | OQ Chemicals GmbH | Verfahren zur hydroaminomethylierung zyklischer diene zu di-sekundären aminen |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19933611A1 (de) | 1999-07-17 | 2001-01-18 | Aventis Res & Tech Gmbh & Co | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Aminen durch homogen katalysierte reduktive Aminierung von Carbonylverbindungen |
| RU2458906C2 (ru) | 2007-03-20 | 2012-08-20 | Дау Текнолоджи Инвестментс Ллс | Способ гидроформилирования с усовершенствованным контролем над изомерами продуктов |
| DE102009029050A1 (de) * | 2009-08-31 | 2011-03-03 | Evonik Oxeno Gmbh | Organophosphorverbindungen basierend auf Tetraphenol(TP)-substituierten Strukturen |
| CN102574878A (zh) | 2009-10-16 | 2012-07-11 | 陶氏技术投资有限责任公司 | 气相加氢甲酰化方法 |
-
2013
- 2013-02-01 DE DE102013201668.9A patent/DE102013201668B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2014
- 2014-01-22 WO PCT/EP2014/051190 patent/WO2014118042A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2014-01-22 EP EP14703291.6A patent/EP2951146A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-01-28 TW TW103103221A patent/TW201442996A/zh unknown
- 2014-01-31 AR ARP140100345A patent/AR095124A1/es unknown
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
| See also references of WO2014118042A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AR095124A1 (es) | 2015-09-30 |
| TW201442996A (zh) | 2014-11-16 |
| WO2014118042A1 (de) | 2014-08-07 |
| DE102013201668A1 (de) | 2014-08-07 |
| DE102013201668B4 (de) | 2019-05-16 |
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