EP2946463A1 - Electric machine with separated stator - Google Patents

Electric machine with separated stator

Info

Publication number
EP2946463A1
EP2946463A1 EP13758782.0A EP13758782A EP2946463A1 EP 2946463 A1 EP2946463 A1 EP 2946463A1 EP 13758782 A EP13758782 A EP 13758782A EP 2946463 A1 EP2946463 A1 EP 2946463A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
axis
rotation
permanent magnets
machine according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP13758782.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rolf Vollmer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP13758782.0A priority Critical patent/EP2946463A1/en
Publication of EP2946463A1 publication Critical patent/EP2946463A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K16/00Machines with more than one rotor or stator
    • H02K16/04Machines with one rotor and two stators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/38Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with rotating flux distributors, and armatures and magnets both stationary
    • H02K21/40Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with rotating flux distributors, and armatures and magnets both stationary with flux distributors rotating around the magnets and within the armatures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric machine
  • the electric machine has a first stator element, a second stator element and a rotor connected to a rotor shaft,
  • the rotor shaft is rotatably mounted in bearings, so that the rotor is rotatable about a rotation axis
  • the rotor is arranged between the first and the second stator element, viewed radially relative to the axis of rotation,
  • the first stator element carries a stator winding system.
  • Such an electric machine is known for example from EP 2 503 671 AI.
  • magnetic field generators are arranged on the second stator element whose magnetic field is coupled into the rotor.
  • the electric machine has a first stator element and a rotor connected to a rotor shaft, wherein the rotor shaft is rotatably supported in bearings, so that the rotor is rotatable about a rotation axis.
  • no second stator element is present.
  • the rotor carries a number of permanent magnets magnetized tangentially to the axis of rotation, wherein flux guide elements are arranged tangentially around the axis of rotation between the permanent magnets, by means of which magnetic fields emanating from the permanent magnets are deflected radially onto the first stator element.
  • the electric machine comprises a first stator element and a rotor connected to a rotor shaft, wherein the Rotor shaft is rotatably mounted in bearings, so that the rotor is rotatable about an axis of rotation.
  • no second stator element is present.
  • the first stator element carries a number of permanent magnets magnetized tangentially to the rotation axis.
  • the rotor has a rotor axis which rotates about the axis of rotation and from which soft-magnetic fingers extend onto the first stator element. The soft magnetic fingers are thus connected to each other via the Rotorj och.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a multi-phase electric machine which is permanently magnetically excited and has a simple structure.
  • the task is accomplished by an electric machine with the
  • the second stator carries a number of permanent magnets that generate magnetic fields, which are seen around the axis of rotation around alternately directed towards the rotor and away from the rotor, and
  • the rotor has a number of soft magnetic segments, which are seen to be evenly distributed tangentially around the axis of rotation and between which are non-magnetic and electrically poor or non-conductive areas.
  • the second stator element prefferably, however, it is the other way round.
  • the permanent magnets may be formed as needed.
  • the permanent magnets are preferably ferrites.
  • the rotor is preferably connected to the rotor shaft via a connecting element, from which the soft-magnetic segments extend parallel to the axis of rotation.
  • the connecting element can be designed, in particular, as a cover disk or as a terminating flange.
  • the soft magnetic segments, which are arranged between the permanent magnets, are preferably laminated.
  • the electric machine according to the invention is located in the non-magnetic and electrically poor or non-conductive areas of air or plastic.
  • the stator winding system has a pole pair number.
  • the permanent magnets form a number of magnetic pole pairs.
  • the number of soft magnetic segments is preferably equal to the sum or difference of the pole pair number and the number of magnetic pole pairs.
  • the electric machine according to the invention can be used as needed.
  • it is used as a servomotor, as a torque motor, as a generator and / or drive in vehicles or as a wind power generator.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the electric machine of FIG. 1
  • an electrical machine has a first stator element 1, a second stator element 2 and a rotor 3.
  • the rotor 3 is connected to a rotor shaft 4.
  • the rotor shaft 4 is rotatably mounted in bearings 5.
  • the rotor shaft 4 and with it the rotor 3 are thereby rotatable about a rotation axis 6.
  • axial is a direction parallel to the axis of rotation 6.
  • Radial is a direction orthogonal to the axis of rotation 6 on the Axis of rotation 6 toward or away from it.
  • Tangential is a direction that is both to the axial direction as well as orthogonal to the radial direction. Tangential is thus a direction which is directed in a constant radial distance and at a constant axial position in a circle around the axis of rotation 6 around.
  • the rotor 3 Seen radially relative to the axis of rotation 6, the rotor 3 is arranged between the first and the second stator element 1, 2. It is in principle possible that the first stator element 1 is arranged closer to the axis of rotation 6 than the second stator element 2. According to FIGS. 1 and 2, however, it is the other way round. The first stator element 1 is thus arranged further away from the axis of rotation 6 than the second stator element 2.
  • the first stator element 1 carries a stator winding system. Winding heads 7a of the stator winding system are visible in FIG. 1, windings 7b of the stator winding system are shown in FIG.
  • the stator winding system is multi-phase, as shown in FIG 2, for example, three-phase.
  • Stator winding system has a number of pole pairs.
  • the pole pair has, according to FIG. 2 (purely by way of example) the value 4.
  • the second stator element 2 carries a number of permanent magnets 8.
  • the permanent magnets 8 may, for example, be ferrites. It is possible that the permanent magnets 8 are magnetized alternately radially. In this case, the magnetic fields B emanating from the permanent magnets 8 are already magnetized directly alternately radially, i. alternately directed to the rotor 3 and away from the rotor 3. According to FIG 2, however, the permanent magnets 8 are magnetized tangentially to the axis of rotation 6. This is indicated in FIG. 2 by corresponding arrows 9. In this case, the magnetic fields B emanating from the permanent magnets 8 are initially directed alternately tangentially.
  • the permanent magnets 8 are arranged distributed tangentially around the axis of rotation 6 seen around.
  • the permanent magnets 8 form a number of magnetic pole pairs.
  • the Number of magnetic pole pairs according to FIG 2 (purely by way of example) to the value 6.
  • flux guide elements 10 are arranged tangentially around the rotation axis 6 as seen between the permanent magnets 8.
  • the flow-guiding elements 10 are - similar to pie pieces - formed in a sector of a circle sector. If the second stator element 2 were further away from the axis of rotation 6 than the first one
  • the rotor 3 has a number of soft magnetic segments 11.
  • the soft-magnetic segments 11 are arranged distributed tangentially around the axis of rotation 6.
  • the soft magnetic segments 11 are preferably laminated according to FIG.
  • the number of soft magnetic segments 11 has the value 10 according to FIG.
  • the relationship holds that the number of soft magnetic segments 11 is equal to the sum of the pole pair number and the number of magnetic pole pairs. Alternatively, it could be equal to the difference of the pole pair number and the number of magnetic pole pairs.
  • the soft-magnetic segments 11 are non-magnetic and electrically poorly or non-conducting regions 12.
  • the regions 12 for example, there may be air.
  • plastic may be located in the regions 12, for example.
  • Other materials are conceivable. It is crucial that the regions 12 are non-magnetic and that an electrical current flow from one of the regions 12 to another of the regions 12 is not possible.
  • the rotor 3 has between the soft-magnetic segments 11 and the second Stator element 2 no about the rotation axis 6 to running rotor yoke over which the soft magnetic segments 12 (mechanically and magnetically) are interconnected.
  • the connection of the soft magnetic segments 12 together (so that they together form the rotor 3) instead takes place via a connecting element 13, via which the rotor 3 is connected to the rotor shaft 4.
  • the soft-magnetic segments 11, starting from the connecting element 13 extend axially relative to the axis of rotation 6.
  • the connecting element 13 can be designed, for example, as a cover disk or as a terminating flange.
  • the electric machine according to the invention can be used and used as needed, for example as a servomotor, as a torque motor, as a generator and / or drive in vehicles or as a wind power generator.
  • the electrical machine according to the invention has many advantages.
  • the use of ferrites as permanent magnets 8 low manufacturing costs are possible.
  • By positioning the permanent magnets 8 in the stator of the effort for the attachment of the permanent magnets 8 is minimized.
  • no dynamic loads caused by the movement of the rotor 3 act on the permanent magnets 8.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric machine having a first stator element (1), a second stator element (2), and a rotor (3) which is connected to a rotor shaft (4). The rotor shaft (4) is rotatably mounted in bearings (5) such that the rotor (3) can be rotated about a rotational axis (6). The rotor (3) is arranged between the first and the second stator element (1, 2) when seen in a radial direction with respect to the rotational axis (6). The first stator element (1) supports a stator winding system, and the second stator element (2) supports a number of permanent magnets (8). The permanent magnets (8) generate magnetic fields (B) which are oriented towards the rotor (3) and away from the rotor (3) in an alternating manner when seen in a direction about the rotational axis (6). The rotor (3) has a number of soft-magnetic segments (11) which are distributed in a uniform manner when seen in a tangential direction about the rotational axis (6) and between each of which nonmagnetic and poorly electrically conductive or non-conductive regions (12) are located.

Description

Beschreibung description
Elektrische Maschine mit geteiltem Stator Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine elektrische Maschine,Split-stator electric machine The present invention relates to an electric machine,
- wobei die elektrische Maschine ein erstes Statorelement, ein zweites Statorelement und einen mit einer Rotorwelle verbundenen Rotor aufweist, wherein the electric machine has a first stator element, a second stator element and a rotor connected to a rotor shaft,
- wobei die Rotorwelle in Lagern drehbar gelagert ist, so dass der Rotor um eine Rotationsachse rotierbar ist,  - Wherein the rotor shaft is rotatably mounted in bearings, so that the rotor is rotatable about a rotation axis,
- wobei der Rotor radial zur Rotationsachse gesehen zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Statorelement angeordnet ist, wherein the rotor is arranged between the first and the second stator element, viewed radially relative to the axis of rotation,
- wobei das erste Statorelement ein Statorwicklungssystem trägt . - Wherein the first stator element carries a stator winding system.
Eine derartige elektrische Maschine ist beispielsweise aus der EP 2 503 671 AI bekannt. Bei dieser elektrischen Maschine sind auf dem zweiten Statorelement Magnetfeldgeneratoren angeordnet, deren Magnetfeld in den Rotor eingekoppelt wird. Such an electric machine is known for example from EP 2 503 671 AI. In this electric machine, magnetic field generators are arranged on the second stator element whose magnetic field is coupled into the rotor.
Für mehrphasige - insbesondere dreiphasige - elektrische Maschinen ist eine Konstruktion bekannt, bei welcher die elektrische Maschine ein erstes Statorelement und einen mit einer Rotorwelle verbundenen Rotor aufweist, wobei die Rotorwelle in Lagern drehbar gelagert ist, so dass der Rotor um eine Rotationsachse rotierbar ist. Bei dieser Konstruktion ist kein zweites Statorelement vorhanden. Der Rotor trägt eine Anzahl von tangential zur Rotationsachse magnetisierten Permanentmagneten, wobei tangential um die Rotationsachse herum gese- hen zwischen den Permanentmagneten Flussführungselemente angeordnet sind, mittels derer von den Permanentmagneten ausgehende Magnetfelder radial auf das erste Statorelement zu umgelenkt werden. Für mehrphasige - insbesondere dreiphasige - elektrische Maschinen ist weiterhin eine Konstruktion bekannt, bei welcher die elektrische Maschine ein erstes Statorelement und einen mit einer Rotorwelle verbundenen Rotor aufweist, wobei die Rotorwelle in Lagern drehbar gelagert ist, so dass der Rotor um eine Rotationsachse rotierbar ist. Auch bei dieser Konstruktion ist kein zweites Statorelement vorhanden. Das erste Statorelement trägt eine Anzahl von tangential zur Rotation- sachse magnetisierten Permanentmagneten. Der Rotor weist ein um die Rotationsachse umlaufendes Rotorj och auf, von dem ausgehend sich weichmagnetische Finger auf das erste Statorelement zu erstrecken. Die weichmagnetischen Finger sind somit über das Rotorj och untereinander verbunden. For multiphase - in particular three-phase - electric machines, a construction is known in which the electric machine has a first stator element and a rotor connected to a rotor shaft, wherein the rotor shaft is rotatably supported in bearings, so that the rotor is rotatable about a rotation axis. In this construction, no second stator element is present. The rotor carries a number of permanent magnets magnetized tangentially to the axis of rotation, wherein flux guide elements are arranged tangentially around the axis of rotation between the permanent magnets, by means of which magnetic fields emanating from the permanent magnets are deflected radially onto the first stator element. For multiphase - in particular three-phase - electrical machines, a construction is further known in which the electric machine comprises a first stator element and a rotor connected to a rotor shaft, wherein the Rotor shaft is rotatably mounted in bearings, so that the rotor is rotatable about an axis of rotation. Also in this construction, no second stator element is present. The first stator element carries a number of permanent magnets magnetized tangentially to the rotation axis. The rotor has a rotor axis which rotates about the axis of rotation and from which soft-magnetic fingers extend onto the first stator element. The soft magnetic fingers are thus connected to each other via the Rotorj och.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, eine mehrphasige elektrische Maschine zu schaffen, die permanent magnetisch erregt ist und einen einfachen Aufbau aufweist. Die Aufgabe wird durch eine elektrische Maschine mit denThe object of the present invention is to provide a multi-phase electric machine which is permanently magnetically excited and has a simple structure. The task is accomplished by an electric machine with the
Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der elektrischen Maschine sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche 2 bis 10. Anspruch 11 nennt bevorzugte Verwendungen der erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Maschine. Characteristics of claim 1 solved. Advantageous embodiments of the electric machine are the subject of the dependent claims 2 to 10. Claim 11 lists preferred uses of the electric machine according to the invention.
Erfindungsgemäß wird eine elektrische Maschine der eingangs genannten Art dadurch weitergebildet, According to the invention an electrical machine of the type mentioned is thereby developed,
- dass das zweite Statorelement eine Anzahl von Permanentmagneten trägt, die Magnetfelder generieren, die um die Rota- tionsachse herum gesehen alternierend auf den Rotor zu und von dem Rotor weg gerichtet sind, und  - That the second stator carries a number of permanent magnets that generate magnetic fields, which are seen around the axis of rotation around alternately directed towards the rotor and away from the rotor, and
- dass der Rotor eine Anzahl an weichmagnetischen Segmenten aufweist, die tangential um die Rotationsachse herum gesehen gleichmäßig verteilt sind und zwischen denen sich un- magnetische und elektrisch schlecht oder nicht leitende Bereiche befinden.  - That the rotor has a number of soft magnetic segments, which are seen to be evenly distributed tangentially around the axis of rotation and between which are non-magnetic and electrically poor or non-conductive areas.
Es ist möglich, dass das zweite Statorelement weiter von der Rotationsachse entfernt angeordnet ist als das erste Stator- element . Vorzugsweise hingegen ist es umgekehrt. It is possible for the second stator element to be arranged further from the axis of rotation than the first stator element. Preferably, however, it is the other way round.
Es ist möglich, dass um die Rotationsachse herum gesehen die Permanentmagnete selbst alternierend radial magnetisiert sind. Alternativ ist es möglich, dass um die Rotationsachse herum gesehen die Permanentmagnete alternierend tangential zur Rotationsachse magnetisiert sind und dass tangential um die Rotationsachse herum gesehen zwischen den Permanentmagne- ten Flussführungselemente angeordnet sind, mittels derer von den Permanentmagneten ausgehende Magnetfelder radial auf den Rotor zu umgelenkt werden. It is possible that seen around the axis of rotation around the permanent magnets themselves radially alternately radially magnetized are. Alternatively, it is possible that seen around the axis of rotation around the permanent magnets are magnetized alternately tangential to the axis of rotation and that tangentially around the axis of rotation seen between the permanent magnet flow guide elements are arranged by means of which the permanent magnets outgoing magnetic fields are deflected radially onto the rotor ,
Die Permanentmagnete können nach Bedarf ausgebildet sein. Insbesondere bei einer tangentialen Magnetisierung der Permanentmagnete handelt es sich bei den Permanentmagneten vorzugsweise um Ferrite. The permanent magnets may be formed as needed. In particular, in the case of a tangential magnetization of the permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are preferably ferrites.
Der Rotor ist mit der Rotorwelle vorzugsweise über ein Ver- bindungselement verbunden, von dem ausgehend sich die weichmagnetischen Segmente parallel zur Rotationsachse erstrecken. Das Verbindungselement kann insbesondere als Abschlussscheibe oder als Abschlussflansch ausgebildet sein. Die weichmagnetischen Segmente, die zwischen den Permanentmagneten angeordnet sind, sind vorzugsweise geblecht. The rotor is preferably connected to the rotor shaft via a connecting element, from which the soft-magnetic segments extend parallel to the axis of rotation. The connecting element can be designed, in particular, as a cover disk or as a terminating flange. The soft magnetic segments, which are arranged between the permanent magnets, are preferably laminated.
In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Maschine befindet sich in den unmagnetischen und elektrisch schlecht oder nicht leitenden Bereichen Luft oder Kunststoff . In a preferred embodiment of the electric machine according to the invention is located in the non-magnetic and electrically poor or non-conductive areas of air or plastic.
Aufgrund der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung der elektrischen Maschine ist es nicht erforderlich, dass der Rotor zwischen den weichmagnetischen Segmenten und dem zweiten Statorelement ein um die Rotationsachse umlaufendes Rotorj och aufweist, über das die weichmagnetischen Segmente untereinander verbunden sind. Dadurch kann insbesondere das Rotorträgheitsmoment reduziert werden. Dadurch werden sowohl die Drehmomentdichte als auch das Beschleunigungsvermögen der erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Maschine maximiert. Das Statorwicklungssystem weist eine Polpaarzahl auf. Die Permanentmagnete bilden eine Anzahl von Magnetpolpaaren. Die Anzahl an weichmagnetischen Segmenten ist vorzugsweise gleich der Summe oder der Differenz der Polpaarzahl und der Anzahl von Magnetpolpaaren. Due to the inventive design of the electric machine, it is not necessary that the rotor between the soft magnetic segments and the second stator has a revolving around the axis of rotation Rotorj och, via which the soft magnetic segments are interconnected. As a result, in particular the rotor moment of inertia can be reduced. As a result, both the torque density and the acceleration capacity of the electric machine according to the invention are maximized. The stator winding system has a pole pair number. The permanent magnets form a number of magnetic pole pairs. The number of soft magnetic segments is preferably equal to the sum or difference of the pole pair number and the number of magnetic pole pairs.
Die erfindungsgemäße elektrische Maschine kann nach Bedarf eingesetzt werden. Vorzugsweise wird sie als Servomotor, als Torquemotor, als Generator und/oder Antrieb in Fahrzeugen oder als Windkraftgenerator verwendet. The electric machine according to the invention can be used as needed. Preferably, it is used as a servomotor, as a torque motor, as a generator and / or drive in vehicles or as a wind power generator.
Die oben beschriebenen Eigenschaften, Merkmale und Vorteile dieser Erfindung sowie die Art und Weise, wie diese erreicht werden, werden klarer und deutlicher verständlich im Zusammenhang mit der folgenden Beschreibung der Ausführungsbeispiele, die in Verbindung mit den Zeichnungen näher erläutert werden. Hierbei zeigen in schematischer Darstellung: The above-described characteristics, features and advantages of this invention, as well as the manner in which they are achieved, will become clearer and more clearly understood in connection with the following description of the embodiments, which will be described in more detail in conjunction with the drawings. Here are shown in a schematic representation:
FIG 1 einen Längsschnitt durch eine elektrische Maschine und 1 shows a longitudinal section through an electrical machine and
FIG 2 einen Querschnitt durch die elektrische Maschine von FIG 1.  2 shows a cross section through the electric machine of FIG. 1
Die FIG 1 und 2 werden nachfolgend gemeinsam erläutert . Figures 1 and 2 are explained together below.
Gemäß den FIG 1 und 2 weist eine elektrische Maschine ein erstes Statorelement 1, ein zweites Statorelement 2 und einen Rotor 3 auf. Der Rotor 3 ist mit einer Rotorwelle 4 verbunden. Die Rotorwelle 4 ist in Lagern 5 drehbar gelagert. Die Rotorwelle 4 und mit ihr der Rotor 3 sind dadurch um eine Rotationsachse 6 rotierbar. According to FIGS. 1 and 2, an electrical machine has a first stator element 1, a second stator element 2 and a rotor 3. The rotor 3 is connected to a rotor shaft 4. The rotor shaft 4 is rotatably mounted in bearings 5. The rotor shaft 4 and with it the rotor 3 are thereby rotatable about a rotation axis 6.
Soweit nachfolgend die Begriffe „axial", „radial" und „tangential" verwendet werden, sind sie stets auf die Rotationsachse 6 bezogen. „Axial" ist eine Richtung parallel zur Rotationsachse 6. „Radial" ist eine Richtung orthogonal zur Rotationsachse 6 auf die Rotationsachse 6 zu oder von ihr weg. „Tangential" ist eine Richtung, die sowohl zur Axialrichtung als auch zur Radialrichtung orthogonal ist. Tangential ist also eine Richtung, die in konstantem Radialabstand und bei konstanter Axialposition kreisförmig um die Rotationsachse 6 herum gerichtet ist. As far as the terms "axial", "radial" and "tangential" are used below, they are always related to the axis of rotation 6. "Axial" is a direction parallel to the axis of rotation 6. "Radial" is a direction orthogonal to the axis of rotation 6 on the Axis of rotation 6 toward or away from it. "Tangential" is a direction that is both to the axial direction as well as orthogonal to the radial direction. Tangential is thus a direction which is directed in a constant radial distance and at a constant axial position in a circle around the axis of rotation 6 around.
Radial zur Rotationsachse 6 gesehen ist der Rotor 3 zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Statorelement 1, 2 angeordnet. Es ist prinzipiell möglich, dass das erste Statorelement 1 näher an der Rotationsachse 6 angeordnet ist als das zweite Stator- element 2. Gemäß den FIG 1 und 2 ist es jedoch umgekehrt. Das erste Statorelement 1 ist also weiter von der Rotationsachse 6 entfernt angeordnet als das zweite Statorelement 2. Seen radially relative to the axis of rotation 6, the rotor 3 is arranged between the first and the second stator element 1, 2. It is in principle possible that the first stator element 1 is arranged closer to the axis of rotation 6 than the second stator element 2. According to FIGS. 1 and 2, however, it is the other way round. The first stator element 1 is thus arranged further away from the axis of rotation 6 than the second stator element 2.
Das erste Statorelement 1 trägt ein Statorwicklungssystem. Sichtbar sind in FIG 1 Wicklungsköpfe 7a des Statorwicklungssystems, in FIG 2 Wicklungen 7b des Statorwicklungssystems. Das Statorwicklungssystem ist mehrphasig ausgebildet, gemäß FIG 2 beispielsweise dreiphasig. Das The first stator element 1 carries a stator winding system. Winding heads 7a of the stator winding system are visible in FIG. 1, windings 7b of the stator winding system are shown in FIG. The stator winding system is multi-phase, as shown in FIG 2, for example, three-phase. The
Statorwicklungssystem weist eine Polpaarzahl auf. Die Pol- paarzahl weist gemäß FIG 2 (rein beispielhaft) den Wert 4 auf . Stator winding system has a number of pole pairs. The pole pair has, according to FIG. 2 (purely by way of example) the value 4.
Das zweite Statorelement 2 trägt eine Anzahl von Permanentmagneten 8. Die Permanentmagnete 8 können beispielsweise Fer- rite sein. Es ist möglich, dass die Permanentmagnete 8 alternierend radial magnetisiert sind. In diesem Fall sind bereits die von den Permanentmagneten 8 ausgehenden Magnetfelder B direkt alternierend radial magnetisiert, d.h. alternierend auf den Rotor 3 zu und vom Rotor 3 weg gerichtet . Gemäß FIG 2 sind die Permanentmagnete 8 jedoch tangential zur Rotationsachse 6 magnetisiert. Dies ist in FIG 2 durch entsprechende Pfeile 9 angedeutet. In diesem Fall sind die von den Permanentmagneten 8 ausgehenden Magnetfelder B zunächst alternierend tangential gerichtet. The second stator element 2 carries a number of permanent magnets 8. The permanent magnets 8 may, for example, be ferrites. It is possible that the permanent magnets 8 are magnetized alternately radially. In this case, the magnetic fields B emanating from the permanent magnets 8 are already magnetized directly alternately radially, i. alternately directed to the rotor 3 and away from the rotor 3. According to FIG 2, however, the permanent magnets 8 are magnetized tangentially to the axis of rotation 6. This is indicated in FIG. 2 by corresponding arrows 9. In this case, the magnetic fields B emanating from the permanent magnets 8 are initially directed alternately tangentially.
Die Permanentmagnete 8 sind tangential um die Rotationsachse 6 herum gesehen gleichmäßig verteilt angeordnet. Die Permanentmagnete 8 bilden eine Anzahl von Magnetpolpaaren. Die An- zahl an Magnetpolpaaren weist gemäß FIG 2 (rein beispielhaft) den Wert 6 auf . The permanent magnets 8 are arranged distributed tangentially around the axis of rotation 6 seen around. The permanent magnets 8 form a number of magnetic pole pairs. The Number of magnetic pole pairs according to FIG 2 (purely by way of example) to the value 6.
Im Falle der tangentialen Magnetisierung der Permanentmagnete 8 entsprechend der Darstellung in FIG 2 sind tangential um die Rotationsachse 6 herum gesehen zwischen den Permanentmagneten 8 Flussführungselemente 10 angeordnet. Die Flussfüh- rungselemente 10 sind - ähnlich wie Tortenstücke - kreissek- torförmig ausgebildet. Wenn das zweite Statorelement 2 weiter von der Rotationsachse 6 entfernt wäre als das erste In the case of the tangential magnetization of the permanent magnets 8 as shown in FIG 2, flux guide elements 10 are arranged tangentially around the rotation axis 6 as seen between the permanent magnets 8. The flow-guiding elements 10 are - similar to pie pieces - formed in a sector of a circle sector. If the second stator element 2 were further away from the axis of rotation 6 than the first one
Statorelement 1, wären die Flussführungselemente 10 Stator element 1, the flow guide elements 10 would be
kreisringsektorförmig ausgebildet. Mittels der Flussführungs- elemente 10 werden die von den Permanentmagneten 8 ausgehenden, tangential gerichteten Magnetfelder B radial alternie- rend auf den Rotor 3 zu und von ihm weg umgelenkt. formed ring-sector shaped. By means of the flux guiding elements 10, the tangentially directed magnetic fields B emanating from the permanent magnets 8 are deflected radially alternately toward and away from the rotor 3.
Der Rotor 3 weist eine Anzahl an weichmagnetischen Segmenten 11 auf. Die weichmagnetischen Segmente 11 sind tangential um die Rotationsachse 6 herum gesehen gleichmäßig verteilt ange- ordnet. Die weichmagnetischen Segmente 11 sind gemäß FIG 1 vorzugsweise geblecht. Die Anzahl an weichmagnetischen Segmenten 11 weist gemäß FIG 2 den Wert 10 auf. Es gilt also die Beziehung, dass die Anzahl an weichmagnetischen Segmenten 11 gleich der Summe der Polpaarzahl und der Anzahl von Magnet- polpaaren ist . Alternativ könnte sie gleich der Differenz der Polpaarzahl und der Anzahl von Magnetpolpaaren sein. The rotor 3 has a number of soft magnetic segments 11. The soft-magnetic segments 11 are arranged distributed tangentially around the axis of rotation 6. The soft magnetic segments 11 are preferably laminated according to FIG. The number of soft magnetic segments 11 has the value 10 according to FIG. Thus, the relationship holds that the number of soft magnetic segments 11 is equal to the sum of the pole pair number and the number of magnetic pole pairs. Alternatively, it could be equal to the difference of the pole pair number and the number of magnetic pole pairs.
Zwischen den weichmagnetischen Segmenten 11 befinden sich unmagnetische und elektrisch schlecht oder nicht leitende Be- reiche 12. In den Bereichen 12 kann sich beispielsweise Luft befinden. Alternativ kann sich in den Bereichen 12 beispielsweise Kunststoff befinden. Auch andere Materialien sind denkbar. Entscheidend ist, dass die Bereiche 12 unmagnetisch sind und dass ein elektrischer Stromfluss von einem der Bereiche 12 zu einem anderen der Bereiche 12 nicht möglich ist. Between the soft-magnetic segments 11 are non-magnetic and electrically poorly or non-conducting regions 12. In the regions 12, for example, there may be air. Alternatively, plastic may be located in the regions 12, for example. Other materials are conceivable. It is crucial that the regions 12 are non-magnetic and that an electrical current flow from one of the regions 12 to another of the regions 12 is not possible.
Wie aus FIG 2 deutlich erkennbar ist, weist der Rotor 3 zwischen den weichmagnetischen Segmenten 11 und dem zweiten Statorelement 2 kein um die Rotationsachse 6 um laufendes Rotorjoch auf, über das die weichmagnetischen Segmente 12 (mechanisch und magnetisch) untereinander verbunden sind. Die Verbindung der weichmagnetischen Segmente 12 miteinander (so dass diese zusammen den Rotor 3 bilden) erfolgt stattdessen über ein Verbindungselement 13, über das der Rotor 3 mit der Rotorwelle 4 verbunden ist. Insbesondere erstrecken sich die weichmagnetischen Segmente 11 ausgehend von dem Verbindungselement 13 axial zur Rotationsachse 6. Das Verbindungselement 13 kann beispielsweise als Abschlussscheibe oder als Abschlussflansch ausgebildet sein. As can be clearly seen from FIG. 2, the rotor 3 has between the soft-magnetic segments 11 and the second Stator element 2 no about the rotation axis 6 to running rotor yoke over which the soft magnetic segments 12 (mechanically and magnetically) are interconnected. The connection of the soft magnetic segments 12 together (so that they together form the rotor 3) instead takes place via a connecting element 13, via which the rotor 3 is connected to the rotor shaft 4. In particular, the soft-magnetic segments 11, starting from the connecting element 13, extend axially relative to the axis of rotation 6. The connecting element 13 can be designed, for example, as a cover disk or as a terminating flange.
Die erfindungsgemäße elektrische Maschine kann nach Bedarf eingesetzt und verwendet werden, beispielsweise als Servomo- tor, als Torquemotor, als Generator und/oder Antrieb in Fahrzeugen oder als Windkraftgenerator. The electric machine according to the invention can be used and used as needed, for example as a servomotor, as a torque motor, as a generator and / or drive in vehicles or as a wind power generator.
Die erfindungsgemäße elektrische Maschine weist viele Vorteile auf. Durch den Einsatz von Ferriten als Permanentmagneten 8 werden geringe Herstellungskosten ermöglicht. Durch die Positionierung der Permanentmagnete 8 im Stator wird der Aufwand für die Befestigung der Permanentmagnete 8 minimiert. Insbesondere wirken auf die Permanentmagnete 8 keine dynamischen, durch die Bewegung des Rotors 3 hervorgerufenen mecha- nischen Belastungen. Aufgrund der Teilung des Stators in das erste Statorelement 1 und das zweite Statorelement 2 wird die für die Wicklungen 7b zur Verfügung stehende Nutfläche optimiert. Aufgrund des Umstands, dass ein Rotorj och nicht erforderlich ist, wird das Trägheitsmoment des Rotors 3 minimiert. Dadurch werden sowohl die Drehmomentdichte als auch das Beschleunigungsvermögen des Rotors 3 optimiert. The electrical machine according to the invention has many advantages. The use of ferrites as permanent magnets 8 low manufacturing costs are possible. By positioning the permanent magnets 8 in the stator of the effort for the attachment of the permanent magnets 8 is minimized. In particular, no dynamic loads caused by the movement of the rotor 3 act on the permanent magnets 8. Due to the division of the stator into the first stator element 1 and the second stator element 2, the groove area available for the windings 7b is optimized. Due to the fact that a rotor yoke is not required, the moment of inertia of the rotor 3 is minimized. As a result, both the torque density and the acceleration capacity of the rotor 3 are optimized.
Obwohl die Erfindung im Detail durch das bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiel näher illustriert und beschrieben wurde, so ist die Erfindung nicht durch die offenbarten Beispiele eingeschränkt und andere Variationen können vom Fachmann hieraus abgeleitet werden, ohne den Schutzumfang der Erfindung zu verlassen . Although the invention has been further illustrated and described in detail by the preferred embodiment, the invention is not limited by the disclosed examples, and other variations can be derived therefrom by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Elektrische Maschine, 1. Electric machine,
- wobei die elektrische Maschine ein erstes Statorelement  - wherein the electrical machine is a first stator element
(1), ein zweites Statorelement (2) und einen mit einer Rotorwelle (4) verbundenen Rotor (3) aufweist,  (1), a second stator element (2) and a rotor (3) connected to a rotor shaft (4),
- wobei die Rotorwelle (4) in Lagern (5) drehbar gelagert ist, so dass der Rotor (3) um eine Rotationsachse (6) rotierbar ist,  - wherein the rotor shaft (4) is rotatably mounted in bearings (5), so that the rotor (3) is rotatable about a rotation axis (6),
- wobei der Rotor (3) radial zur Rotationsachse (6) gesehen zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Statorelement (1, 2) angeordnet ist, - Wherein the rotor (3) is arranged radially between the first and the second stator element (1, 2) as seen in relation to the axis of rotation (6),
- wobei das erste Statorelement (1) ein Statorwicklungssystem trägt und das zweite Statorelement (2) eine Anzahl von Per- manentmagneten (8) trägt, die Magnetfelder (B) generieren, die um die Rotationsachse (6) herum gesehen alternierend auf den Rotor (3) zu und von dem Rotor (3) weg gerichtet sind, und  wherein the first stator element (1) carries a stator winding system and the second stator element (2) carries a number of permanent magnets (8) which generate magnetic fields (B) which, viewed around the axis of rotation (6), alternate with the rotor (FIG. 3) are directed to and from the rotor (3) away, and
- wobei der Rotor (3) eine Anzahl an weichmagnetischen Seg- menten (11) aufweist, die tangential um die Rotationsachse - wherein the rotor (3) has a number of soft magnetic segments (11) which are tangential about the axis of rotation
(6) herum gesehen gleichmäßig verteilt sind und zwischen denen sich unmagnetische und elektrisch schlecht oder nicht leitende Bereiche (12) befinden. (6) are evenly distributed around and between which non-magnetic and electrically poor or non-conductive areas (12) are located.
2. Elektrische Maschine nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das erste Statorelement (1) weiter von der Rotationsachse (6) entfernt angeordnet ist als das zweite Statorelement (2) . 2. An electric machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the first stator element (1) is arranged farther from the rotation axis (6) than the second stator element (2).
3. Elektrische Maschine nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass um die Rotationsachse (6) herum gesehen die Permanentmagnete (8) alternierend radial magnetisiert sind. 3. An electric machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the permanent magnets (8) are radially magnetized alternately around the axis of rotation (6).
4. Elektrische Maschine nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass um die Rotationsachse (6) herum gesehen die Permanentmagnete (8) alternierend tangential zur Rotationsachse (6) magnetisiert sind und dass tangential um die Rotationsachse (6) herum gesehen zwischen den Permanentmagneten (8) Flussführungselemente (10) angeordnet sind, mittels derer von den Permanentmagneten (8) ausgehende Magnetfelder (B) radial auf den Rotor (3) zu und vom Rotor (3) weg umgelenkt werden. 4. Electrical machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that around the axis of rotation (6) seen around the permanent magnets (8) are magnetized alternately tangential to the axis of rotation (6) and flux guide elements (10) are arranged tangentially around the axis of rotation (6) between the permanent magnets (8), by means of which magnetic fields (B) emanating from the permanent magnets (8) extend radially to the rotor (3) and from the rotor (3). be diverted away.
5. Elektrische Maschine nach einem der obigen Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Permanentmagnete (8) Ferrite sind. 5. Electrical machine according to one of the above claims, characterized in that the permanent magnets (8) are ferrites.
6. Elektrische Maschine nach einem der obigen Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass der Rotor (3) mit der Rotorwelle (4) über ein Verbindungselement (13) verbunden ist, von dem ausgehend sich die weichmagnetischen Segmente (11) parallel zur Rotationsachse (6) erstrecken, und dass das Verbindungselement (13) als Abschlussscheibe oder als Abschlussflansch ausgebildet ist. 6. Electrical machine according to one of the above claims, characterized in that the rotor (3) with the rotor shaft (4) via a connecting element (13) is connected, starting from which the soft magnetic segments (11) extend parallel to the axis of rotation (6) , and that the connecting element (13) is designed as a cover plate or as a closure flange.
7. Elektrische Maschine nach einem der obigen Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die weich magnetischen Segmente (11) geblecht sind. 7. Electrical machine according to one of the above claims, characterized in that the soft magnetic segments (11) are laminated.
8. Elektrische Maschine nach einem der obigen Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass sich in den unmagnetischen und elektrisch schlecht oder nicht leiten den Bereichen (12) Luft oder Kunststoff befindet. 8. An electric machine according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein there is air or plastic in the nonmagnetic and electrically poorly or non-conducting regions (12).
9. Elektrische Maschine nach einem der obigen Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass der Rotor (3) zwischen den weichmagnetischen Segmenten (11) und dem zweiten Statorelement (2) kein um die Rotationsachse (6) umlaufendes Rotorj och aufweist, über das die weichmagnetischen Segmente (11) untereinander verbunden sind. 9. Electrical machine according to one of the above claims, characterized in that the rotor (3) between the soft magnetic segments (11) and the second stator (2) no around the rotation axis (6) rotating Rotorj och over which the soft magnetic segments ( 11) are interconnected.
10. Elektrische Maschine nach einem der obigen Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das 10. Electrical machine according to one of the above claims, d a d u r c h e c e n e c e s that the
Statorwicklungssystem eine Polpaarzahl aufweist, dass die Permanentmagnete (8) eine Anzahl von Magnetpolpaaren bildet und dass die Anzahl an weichmagnetischen Segmenten (11) gleich der Summe oder der Differenz der Polpaarzahl und der Anzahl von Magnetpolpaaren ist. Statorwicklungssystem has a Polpaarzahl that the permanent magnets (8) forms a number of magnetic pole pairs and that the number of soft magnetic segments (11) is equal to the sum or difference of the pole pair number and the number of magnetic pole pairs.
11. Elektrische Maschine nach einem der obigen Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass sie als Servomotor, als Torquemotor, als Generator und/oder Antrieb in Fahrzeugen oder als Windkraftgenerator verwendet wird. 11. Electrical machine according to one of the above claims, that it is used as a servomotor, as a torque motor, as a generator and / or drive in vehicles or as a wind power generator.
EP13758782.0A 2013-02-25 2013-08-27 Electric machine with separated stator Ceased EP2946463A1 (en)

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EP13156576.4A EP2770616A1 (en) 2013-02-25 2013-02-25 Electrical machine with split stator
PCT/EP2013/067661 WO2014127855A1 (en) 2013-02-25 2013-08-27 Electric machine with separated stator
EP13758782.0A EP2946463A1 (en) 2013-02-25 2013-08-27 Electric machine with separated stator

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DE102014113109A1 (en) * 2014-09-11 2016-03-17 Pfeiffer Vacuum Gmbh vacuum pump
CN105576918B (en) * 2015-06-03 2018-02-23 华侨大学 A kind of magneto with three layers of permanent magnet excitation
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CN105141092A (en) * 2015-10-15 2015-12-09 东南大学 Magnetic gear type double-stator hybrid permanent magnet memory motor
CN105375715B (en) * 2015-11-09 2017-11-17 江苏大学 Few terres rares wide range speed control hybrid permanent magnet magnetic flux switching Double-stator motor
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