EP2940238B1 - Aufhängungssystem für ein umkehrbares fenster mit profilelement - Google Patents

Aufhängungssystem für ein umkehrbares fenster mit profilelement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2940238B1
EP2940238B1 EP15164261.8A EP15164261A EP2940238B1 EP 2940238 B1 EP2940238 B1 EP 2940238B1 EP 15164261 A EP15164261 A EP 15164261A EP 2940238 B1 EP2940238 B1 EP 2940238B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frame
sash
suspension device
fixating
arm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP15164261.8A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2940238A1 (de
Inventor
Torbjörn STRAND
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Assa Oem AB
Original Assignee
Assa Oem AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Assa Oem AB filed Critical Assa Oem AB
Priority to PL15164261T priority Critical patent/PL2940238T3/pl
Publication of EP2940238A1 publication Critical patent/EP2940238A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2940238B1 publication Critical patent/EP2940238B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D15/00—Suspension arrangements for wings
    • E05D15/28—Suspension arrangements for wings supported on arms movable in horizontal plane
    • E05D15/30—Suspension arrangements for wings supported on arms movable in horizontal plane with pivoted arms and sliding guides
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D15/00—Suspension arrangements for wings
    • E05D15/40—Suspension arrangements for wings supported on arms movable in vertical planes
    • E05D15/44—Suspension arrangements for wings supported on arms movable in vertical planes with pivoted arms and vertically-sliding guides
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
    • E05Y2800/74—Specific positions
    • E05Y2800/742—Specific positions abnormal
    • E05Y2800/744—Specific positions abnormal cleaning or service
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
    • E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
    • E05Y2900/148—Windows

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a suspension device for reversible windows.
  • the invention also relates to a window that includes such a window mounting device.
  • Reversible windows are widely used in dwellings and in public buildings.
  • the frames of such windows can also be rotated through an angle in the proximity of 180° either about a vertical or a horizontal axis so as to turn the outwards side of the window inwards. This enables, among other things, the outer surface of the window to be turned so that a person standing inwardly of the window can readily clean the window glass.
  • the upper or the lower end of the window sash is guided for vertical movement in vertical channels disposed in the side members of the window frame.
  • the window sash is secured to the side members of the window frame by means of two hinge mechanisms or fittings and can be rotated about a horizontal axis defined by axle pins on the hinge mechanisms. Displacement of the vertically displaceable end of the sash upwards or downwards will be corresponded by the other end of the sash simultaneously moving outwards as the sash is rotated about the horizontal axis.
  • one side of the sash is guided for displacement in horizontal channels disposed in the upper and the lower frame members, so as to enable reversible rotation about a vertical axis.
  • ledge depth constitutes the distance between the outermost surface of the frame and the outwardly facing surface disposed inwardly of this surface, facing towards the sash and in sealing abutment with the sash when the window is closed.
  • This latter surface is normally referred to as the sash abutment or stop surface.
  • hinge mechanism and the sash are well balanced, so that as little work as possible is required to rotate the sash through 180° and then back again.
  • the hinge mechanism should also be able to be fitted readily to standard frames and sashes without requiring special modification thereof. It is of course greatly important that the hinge mechanisms are strong and reliable. It is also of particular importance that the gap between the frame and the sash can be kept as small as possible also in the presence of the intermediate hinge mechanism in place. For reasons of manufacturing economy with regard to the hinge mechanism and also with regard to the fitted window it is desirable that one and the same type and size of hinge mechanism can be used in the manufacture of windows whose sizes vary within the widest possible limits.
  • EP 0 542 050 A1 describes a window fitting where the upper or lower end of the sash is guided displaceably along the frame and can be turned through 180° about a horizontal axis.
  • the fitting includes a hinge mechanism which is attached to a side member of the frame by means of a frame plate.
  • the hinge mechanism includes a first and a second pivot arm that each has a first end which is pivotally attached to the frame plate and a third pivot arm which is pivotally attached in the proximity of a first end to the second ends of the first and second pivot arms.
  • the third pivot arm also includes a shaft pivot that defines the rotational axis of the sash and that is placed at the second end of the third pivot arm.
  • GB 2 074 227 A describes a fitting which includes pivot arms and a slide which is guided in a channel-shaped mounting plate that has slide-guiding walls.
  • a pivot arm is arranged at the mounting plate and movable outside of the guide walls.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide an improved suspension device for reversible windows. Another object of the invention is to provide such a suspension device which will enable such a suspension device to include pivot arms that can be given a high degree of stiffness and width in relation to the cross-sectional dimensions of the frame.
  • the suspension device includes at least two pivot arms, a slide and a guide formed of a profiled element that can be affixed to a frame, which profiled element includes a side wall.
  • the pivot arms can be pivotally affixed to a frame for movement in respective movement planes that are mutually parallel and perpendicular to a rotational axis for a window sash which can be affixed pivotally to the frame by means of said pivot arms.
  • the slide is fixable to the sash and arranged to be displaceably received by the guide arranged at the frame.
  • the profiled element is arranged to be accommodated in a recess in the frame for forming an open channel between the side wall and a frame surface which opposes the side wall and which constitutes a side delimiting surface of the recess.
  • the open channel accommodates the movement plane of at least one of the pivot arms and is delimited by a hook-shaped guide wall which extends to some extent from the side wall towards said frame surface, thereby forming an opening of the open channel, between the free end of the guide wall and the frame surface.
  • the guide wall guides movement of said slide in coaction with the slide.
  • the channel and said pivot arm are adapted to permit the insertion of at least a part of said pivot arm into the channel, through said opening, past the guide wall (44').
  • the open guiding channel or the track is disposed inwardly of the window sash instead of at one side thereof as in the case of known suspension devices. Since the channel is disposed in the plane in which at least one of the pivot arms moves it is possible for this pivot arm to move into the said channel, for instance when the window is moved to a closed position.
  • the pivot arms are disposed between the outwardly facing surface of the frame and the sash abutment surface disposed inwardly of said outermost surface, i.e. within the so-called ledge depth. This means that the combined width of the guide arms in the movement direction, i.e. at right angles to the window plane, must be less than or equal to the ledge depth.
  • part of at least one pivot arm is able to extend beyond the abutment surface and into the channel there is also afforded a greater degree of freedom in the choice of position at which the pivot point on the frame around which said pivot arm rotates. This results in a greater degree of freedom in the selection of a beneficial movement pattern for the pivot mechanism as a whole.
  • the open channel is delimited by a guide wall which, in coaction with the slide, guides the movement of said slide.
  • a guide wall which, in coaction with the slide, guides the movement of said slide. This enables the accommodation of a part of the pivot arm in the channel opening and, at the same time, provides slide guide means by abutment with the inner surface of the guide wall so as to prevent movement of the slide in an outward direction.
  • the outwardly facing side of the guide wall is also able to coact with a corresponding part of the slide therewith preventing movement of the slide in an inward direction.
  • the suspension device will also conveniently include a first fixating part by means of which the slide is fixated, and a second fixating part which is firmly fixable to the sash.
  • the first and the second fixating parts are preferably arranged to provide releasable fixation of the first fixating part to the second fixating part when the sash is fixed to the frame by means of the pivot arms. This greatly facilitates mounting of the sash and the suspension device to the frame.
  • the first fixating part will conveniently include a tongue and the second fixating part will include a rail into which the tongue can be snapped firmly by insertion of the tongue. This provides a simple and reliable construction with which the window can be readily fitted and readily dismantled.
  • the suspension device preferably includes a long arm and a short arm which can be fixed rotatably to the frame, and a sash arm which is rotatably fixed to the long arm and to the short arm and pivotally fixable to the sash, wherein at least a part of the short arm can be inserted into the open channel.
  • the embodiment having three such pivot arms enables the achievement of a beneficial pattern of movement from the aspect of balance and power absorption aspect. Furthermore, this embodiment enables the short arm that takes-up the largest pressure forces to be made broader and therewith stiffer.
  • the guide is formed as an integral part of the frame. This enables exclusion of the separate profiled element, therewith further reducing the number of components required when fitting the window to the frame.
  • the channel formed in the guide may alternatively be provided partially by a separate profiled element and partially by an integrated part of the frame, for instance by placing a profiled element in a groove milled in the frame or formed therein in some other way.
  • the invention also relates to a window that includes such a suspension device, as defined in the accompanying claim 8.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates solely one suspension device, although it will be understood that a reversible window is affixed to a frame by means of two mutually opposing suspension devices.
  • the figures also show how a window that can be rotated about a horizontal axis is affixed to the frame by means of said suspension device. It will be understood, however, that the inventive suspension device can also be used to mount windows that can be reversed about a vertical axis.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a frame 10, a sash 20 and a suspension device 30 according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the frame 10 includes an outwardly facing surface 11 which in the illustrated case lies in generally the same plane as the outer surface 21 of the sash when the window is closed. However, the outwardly facing surface of the frame may alternatively lie outside the outer surface of the sash.
  • the frame also has an abutment surface 12 for the sash, which abutment surface is parallel with the outer surface 11 and disposed inwardly thereof.
  • the suspension device 30 includes a frame plate 31 which is affixed to a side member of the frame 10.
  • a first pivot arm, the so-called long arm 32 is pivotally mounted to an upper part of the frame plate 31.
  • a second pivot arm, the short arm, 33 is pivotally affixed to a lower part of the frame plate 31.
  • a third pivot arm, the sash arm 34 is pivotally affixed to the free ends of the respective long arm 32 and the short arm 33.
  • the sash arm 34 includes a pin 35 (see figure 3a, 3b ) with which the sash 20 is pivotally affixed to the sash arm 34.
  • the short arm 33 also includes a recess 33a in which the lower end of the long arm 32 is supportedly received when the window is closed.
  • the long arm 32 and the short arm 33 are disposed in the same plane, which plane also constitutes the plane in which these pivot arms move.
  • the sash arm 34 is arranged in a plane which constitutes the movement plane of the sash arm and which is parallel with and slightly offset laterally to the movement plane of the long arm 32 and the short arm 33.
  • the movement plane of the pivot arms 32, 33, 34 is perpendicular to the pin 35 and to the axis of rotation of the sash.
  • the suspension device 30 also includes a guide in the form of an open channel 40.
  • the channel 40 is disposed straight inwardly of the long arm 32 and of the short arm 33, so that the movement plane of said arms will extend through the channel opening and is received in the channel 40.
  • the channel 40 is formed by a profiled element 41 accommodated in a recess in the frame 10, said recess extending inwardly from the abutment surface 12.
  • the profiled element 41 includes mutually opposing side walls 42, 43 and a guide wall 44 which extends to some extent from one side wall 43 in a direction towards the other side wall 42. This results in the formation of the opening of the channel 40 between the free end of the guide wall 44 and the side wall 42.
  • the two side walls 42, 43 are mutually joined by a bottom wall 45 from which there projects a barbed fixing flange 46.
  • the profiled element 41 is affixed to the frame 10 by inserting the fixating flange 46 into a fixating deepening of the recess in the frame, wherewith the barbs engage with the side walls of the fixating deepening. This enables the profiled element to be readily fitted, by simply pressing said element 41 into the recess and the fixating deepening in the frame.
  • Figure 3a illustrates a somewhat differently formed open channel 40'.
  • This channel 40' is formed by a profiled element 41' together with the frame 10.
  • the profiled element 41' is accommodated in a recess in the frame but lacks the side wall 42 shown in figure 3b .
  • the channel 40' is formed by a side wall 43' and a frame surface that opposes a side wall 43', said opposing frame surface constituting a side delimiting surface of the recess.
  • a hook-shaped guide wall 44' extends from the side wall 43' in a direction towards the side limiting surface of the recess, so as to define there between an opening of the channel 40'.
  • the profiled element 41' includes a bottom wall 45' from which there extends a barbed fixating flange 46' which is received in a fixating deepening.
  • the outwardly facing surface of the guide wall 44, 44' is located in the same plane as the frame abutment surface 12, so that the outer surface of the guide wall 44, 44' will constitute a part of the abutment surface for the sash.
  • This outwardly facing surface of the profiled element's guide wall can then itself form the abutment surface for the sash. This obviates the requirement of working operations or other steps required in providing the frame with a recess for accommodating the profiled element.
  • the profiled element can be omitted such that the open channel is formed instead as an integrated part of the frame.
  • the suspension device 30 also includes a slide 50 which is guidedly received in the open channel 40.
  • FIG 2 illustrates a position of the slide 50 and the position of the pivot arms, 32, 33, and 34 of the suspension device which would not normally be assumed when a sash is mounted to a frame by means of the suspension device.
  • the slide 50 includes a hooked end 51 which is guidedly supported by both the outside and the inside of the guide wall 44 of the profiled element. The end 51 of the slide thus extends through the channel opening and can be guided for displacement in the longitudinal direction of the channel 40.
  • the slide 50 is guided laterally by abutment with the side wall 42 and the side wall 43 and/or the free end of the guide wall 44.
  • the slide is guided laterally primarily as a result of engagement-coaction between the hooked parts of the guide wall 44' and the end 51 of the slide.
  • the slide 50 also includes a flat part 52 which is rotatably connected to a first fixating part 53.
  • the first fixating part 53 includes a tongue which can be snapped securely into a second fixating part 54 which has the form of a rail that is screwed firmly to the sash 20.
  • first fit the sash and its pivot arms 32, 33, 34 Prior to joining together the first fixating part 53 and the second fixating part 54 the end part 51 of the slide can be inserted separately or rotated into the open channel 40. The first fixating part 53 and the second fixating part 54 can then readily be joined together so as to fixate the position of the slide relative to the sash. This greatly facilitates fitting of the device since only the released first fixating part 53 need be rotated into the open channel.
  • part of the short arm is moved into and received by the open channel 40 when the window is moved to a closed position and to a reversed position. This enables the width of the short arm 33 to be widened parallel with the movement plane of the short arm without increasing the ledge depth of the frame.
  • the suspension means may also be used for windows that are pivotal about a vertical axis.
  • the pivot arms and the guide including the open channel may, instead, be disposed in the horizontal upper and lower members of the frame.
  • the channel may also be disposed in both side members and upper and lower members irrespective of whether the sash is pivotal about a vertical axis or a horizontal axis.
  • the frames can be produced identically with a peripherally or circumferentially open channel irrespective of whether the frames will later be used for fitting windows that are pivotal around a vertical or around a horizontal axis.
  • the frames and the sashes with which the suspension device is used may be produced from a number of different materials, such as wood, metal or plastic materials, and from combinations of these and other materials.
  • the pivot arms may be fixed directly to the frame.
  • the number of pivot arms may also be varied and may include more or fewer than the three arms illustrated in the above examples. If considered desirable, it is possible to insert more pivotal arms than the short arm into the open channel when the window is moved to a closed position or to some other position. This also enables said arms to be made wider and therewith stiffer than would otherwise be possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wing Frames And Configurations (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Aufhängungsvorrichtung für umkehrbares Fenster, umfassend mindestens zwei Schwenkarme (32, 33, 34), eine Gleitschiene (50) und eine Führung, die aus einem Profilelement (41') besteht, das an einem Rahmen (10) angebracht werden kann, wobei das Profilelement eine Seitenwand (43') umfasst, wobei die Schwenkarme an dem Rahmen (10) für eine Bewegung in jeweiligen Bewegungsebenen, die zueinander parallel und zu einer Drehachse für einen Fensterscheibenrahmen (20), der anhand der Schwenkarme an dem Rahmen drehbar fixierbar ist, rechtwinklig sind, schwenkbar befestigt werden können, und wobei die Gleitschiene an dem Scheibenrahmen fixierbar ist und angeordnet ist, um von der Führung, die an dem Rahmen angeordnet ist, verschiebbar aufgenommen zu werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Profilelement (41') angeordnet ist, um in einem Einschnitt in dem Rahmen (10) untergebracht zu sein, um eine offene Rille (40') zwischen der Seitenwand (43') und einer Rahmenfläche zu bilden, die der Seitenwand (43') gegenüberliegt und die eine seitliche Begrenzungsfläche des Einschnitts darstellt, wobei die offene Rille (40') die Bewegungsebene mindestens eines der Schwenkarme (33) unterbringt und durch eine hakenförmige Führungswand (44') begrenzt ist, die sich in einem gewissen Maß von der Seitenwand (43') aus in Richtung auf die Rahmenfläche erstreckt, wodurch eine Öffnung der offenen Rille (40') zwischen dem freien Ende der Führungswand (44') und der Rahmenfläche gebildet wird, wobei die Führungswand (44') in Zusammenwirkung mit der Gleitschiene (50) die Bewegung der Gleitschiene (50) führt, wobei die Rille (40') und der Schwenkarm (33) geeignet sind, um das Einfügen mindestens eines Teils des Schwenkarms (33) in die Rille (40') durch die Öffnung hindurch und an der Führungswand (44') vorbei zu erlauben.
  2. Aufhängungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, umfassend ein erstes Fixierungsteil (53), an dem die Gleitschiene (50) befestigt ist, und ein zweites Fixierungsteil (54), das an dem Scheibenrahmen (20) fest befestigt werden kann, wobei die ersten und zweiten Fixierungsteile geeignet sind, um eine lösbare Fixierung des ersten Fixierungsteils an dem zweiten Fixierungsteil zu erlauben, wenn der Scheibenrahmen anhand der Schwenkarme (32, 33, 34) an dem Rahmen (10) angebracht ist.
  3. Aufhängungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, wobei das erste Fixierungsteil (53) eine Feder umfasst und das zweite Fixierungsteil (54) eine Schiene umfasst, in welche die Feder durch Einsetzen der Feder in die Schiene eingerastet werden kann.
  4. Aufhängungsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 3, umfassend einen langen Arm (32) und einen kurzen Arm (33), die an dem Rahmen (10) drehbar montiert sein können, und einen Scheibenrahmenarm (34), der schwenkbar an dem langen Arm und an dem kurzen Arm eingepasst ist und an dem Scheibenrahmen (20) drehbar montiert sein kann, wobei mindestens ein Teil des kurzen Arms in die offene Rille (40') eingesetzt werden kann.
  5. Aufhängungsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 4, wobei das Profilelement (41') eine Bodenwand (45') umfasst, von der aus sich ein mit Widerhaken versehener Fixierungsflansch (46') erstreckt, der angeordnet ist, um in einer Fixierungsvertiefung des Rahmens (10) aufgenommen zu werden.
  6. Fenster, umfassend einen Rahmen (10) und einen Scheibenrahmen (20) und eine Aufhängungsvorrichtung (30) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 5.
EP15164261.8A 2007-03-30 2008-03-12 Aufhängungssystem für ein umkehrbares fenster mit profilelement Not-in-force EP2940238B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL15164261T PL2940238T3 (pl) 2007-03-30 2008-03-12 Urządzenie zawiasowe do okna obrotowego z elementem profilowanym

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0700804 2007-03-30
EP20080445012 EP1975356B1 (de) 2007-03-30 2008-03-12 Stützanordnung für Fenster

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20080445012 Division EP1975356B1 (de) 2007-03-30 2008-03-12 Stützanordnung für Fenster

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2940238A1 EP2940238A1 (de) 2015-11-04
EP2940238B1 true EP2940238B1 (de) 2017-04-19

Family

ID=39535236

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15164261.8A Not-in-force EP2940238B1 (de) 2007-03-30 2008-03-12 Aufhängungssystem für ein umkehrbares fenster mit profilelement
EP20080445012 Not-in-force EP1975356B1 (de) 2007-03-30 2008-03-12 Stützanordnung für Fenster
EP15164265.9A Not-in-force EP2942464B1 (de) 2007-03-30 2008-03-12 Aufhängungssystem für ein umkehrbares fenster mit im rahmen integriertem profilelement

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20080445012 Not-in-force EP1975356B1 (de) 2007-03-30 2008-03-12 Stützanordnung für Fenster
EP15164265.9A Not-in-force EP2942464B1 (de) 2007-03-30 2008-03-12 Aufhängungssystem für ein umkehrbares fenster mit im rahmen integriertem profilelement

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (3) EP2940238B1 (de)
DK (3) DK2940238T3 (de)
LT (2) LT2942464T (de)
PL (3) PL1975356T3 (de)

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2074227B (en) 1980-04-18 1984-02-22 Interlock Ind Ltd Window or the like stays
NO178043B (no) 1991-11-11 1995-10-02 Ernst Lahmann Beslag for blad i vinduer eller lignende, som er vippbare eller dreibare 180

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
LT2940238T (lt) 2017-10-10
DK2940238T3 (en) 2017-07-31
EP1975356A3 (de) 2013-09-04
EP2940238A1 (de) 2015-11-04
DK2942464T3 (en) 2017-07-31
DK1975356T3 (en) 2015-07-20
EP2942464B1 (de) 2017-04-19
EP2942464A1 (de) 2015-11-11
PL2942464T3 (pl) 2017-12-29
LT2942464T (lt) 2017-10-10
EP1975356A2 (de) 2008-10-01
EP1975356B1 (de) 2015-04-22
PL1975356T3 (pl) 2015-10-30
PL2940238T3 (pl) 2017-12-29

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