EP2937159A1 - Method of making a spanner - Google Patents
Method of making a spanner Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2937159A1 EP2937159A1 EP14200639.4A EP14200639A EP2937159A1 EP 2937159 A1 EP2937159 A1 EP 2937159A1 EP 14200639 A EP14200639 A EP 14200639A EP 2937159 A1 EP2937159 A1 EP 2937159A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- spanner
- head
- arch
- shank
- shaped part
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241001417523 Plesiopidae Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K5/00—Making tools or tool parts, e.g. pliers
- B21K5/16—Making tools or tool parts, e.g. pliers tools for turning nuts
Definitions
- This invention relates to a spanner shaping method and relates particularly to a method of making a spanner capable of reducing the waste of the material, shortening the processing time and decreasing the cost.
- a traditional method 1 of making a spanner S1 is carried out by hot forging.
- the method 1 comprises a preparing step 11, a cutting step 12, a heating step 13, a punching step 14, a cooling step 15 and a removing step 16.
- the preparing step 11 prepares a rolled round metal blank a.
- the cutting step 12 cuts the blank a into a proper length.
- the heating step 13 applies a heater 131 providing a fixed and high temperature to heat and soften the blank a.
- a punch 141 and dies 142 disposed on the punch 141 and provided with a shaping impress are used in the punching step 14.
- the punching step 14 puts the heated and softened blank a on the dies 142, pressurizes the round blank a to form a flat blank a1 and presses the flat blank a1 to build an impression of a spanner outline R.
- the cooling step 15 cools the impressed flat blank a1.
- the removing step 16 prepares a removing machine 161 to remove the residual metal along the peripheral edge of the spanner outline R. Therefore, a finished spanner S1 is completed.
- such heating method requires a high cost for processing with correlated heating machines.
- the heated blank a1 can only be shaped after the cooling step 15 is done, and this requires more complicated actions and takes much time.
- a further traditional method 3 of making a spanner S2 is carried out by cold forging.
- the method 3 comprises a preparing step 31, a head forming step 32, a stamping 33 and a removing step 34.
- the preparing step 31 prepares a round metal blank b.
- the head forming step 32 is executed by cold-forging two ends of the round metal blank b to form two round heads h.
- the stamping 33 uses a stamping press (not shown) to press the round metal blank b with two round heads h whereby the round metal blank b is formed into a flat blank b1 with a spanner outline.
- the removing step 34 removes the residual metal along the peripheral edge of the spanner outline of the flat blank b1 with another stamping press (not shown) . Therefore, a finished spanner S2 is completed.
- the metal blank b must be pressed by a particular press.
- the stamping step 33 must prepare a stamping press whose power output and weight is much larger than those of the press used in the head forming step 32 to provide enough driving forces to press the round metal blank b into the flat blank b1 and shape the spanner outline. Therefore, the bulk and the cost of the necessary stamping presses used in the above steps may be much higher than those of the common stamping presses, and this usually increases the processing cost for making the finished spanner S2.
- An object of this invention is to provide a method of making a spanner which reduces the waste of the material, shortens the processing time and decreases the manufacturing cost.
- the method of making a spanner of this invention comprises the steps of preparing a flat metal blank (preparing step), forging and pressing a part of the flat metal blank for forming a head and forming a shank which is forged and extended outwards from said head, wherein a width of the shank is smaller than a width of the head (initial forging step), pressing the head to form a first arch-shaped part (first end stamping step), pressing a shank end of the shank far away from the head to expand the shank end and form a second arch-shaped part whose size is smaller than a size of the first arch-shaped part (a second end stamping step), and pressing the head and the shank end again to remove scrap or redundant metal projecting from their arch-shaped parts and punch respective finished holes in the head and the shank end, thereby completing a finished spanner (trimming step). Consequently, the preparation of the flat metal blank for processing facilitates the shortened processing time, the promoted processing efficiency and the reduced amount of scrap and prevents the waste of the material
- a width of the flat metal blank in the preparing step equals a maximum outer diameter of the finished spanner.
- a cutting step follows the preparing step.
- the cutting step cuts the metal blank into sections by using a cutting machine whereby each section of the metal blank is gripped and fed for continuing the initial forging step.
- the first end stamping step can not only form the first arch-shaped part by pressing the head but punch a first archetypal hole as an initial form of the finished hole in the first arch-shaped part.
- the second end stamping step can not only form the second arch-shaped part by pressing the shank end but punch a second archetypal hole as an initial form of the finished hole in the second arch-shaped part.
- the first end stamping step applies a heading machine to press the head.
- the heading machine comprises a body, a fixing die and a push unit disposed on the body, a press die disposed opposite the fixing die and a grip unit disposed on the body for gripping and moving the metal blank to where the fixing die is located.
- the fixing die forms a shaping cavity and a discharging hole communicating with the shaping cavity.
- the push unit can be inserted into the discharging hole.
- the second end stamping step applies a forming machine to press the shank end.
- the forming machine comprises a pair of lateral dies on which a die cavity is formed and a stamping die disposed in relation to the lateral dies.
- the shank is gripped by the lateral dies for executing the pressing action.
- the heat treatment is further added in this invention.
- a heating step is executed before the initial forging step, the first end stamping step or the second end stamping step.
- the initial forging step, the first end stamping step and the second end stamping step come after a first heating step, a second heating step and a third heating step respectively.
- a method 4 of a first preferred embodiment of this invention for making a spanner 8 comprises a preparing step 41, an initial forging step 42, a first end stamping step 43, a second end stamping step 44 and a trimming step 45.
- the preparing step 41 prepares a flat metal blank 5.
- the flat metal blank 5 has a shape with four straight sides. It can be especially rectangular in shape as shown.
- a width of the flat metal blank 5 at least equals a maximum outer diameter of the finished spanner 8
- a thickness of the flat metal blank 5 equals a thickness of the finished spanner 8.
- the initial forging step 42 forges and presses a part of the flat metal blank 5.
- the initial forging step 42 subjects a part of the flat metal blank 5 to compressive forces. Therefore, a head 51 and a shank 52 extended outwards from the head 51 are formed into a T-shaped contour. Specifically, the head 51 is formed at one end of the flat metal blank 5, and the compressed shank 52 connected to the head 51 provides a reduced width w2 smaller than a width w1 of the head 51. By this step, it is possible that the width w1 of the head 51 equals the original width of the flat metal blank 5.
- the first end stamping step 43 presses the head 51 to form a first arch-shaped part d1 which is a part with a curved or arched peripheral wall as the archetype of the spanner end. More specifically, the first end stamping step 43 in this preferred embodiment applies a heading machine 6 to press the head 51.
- the heading machine 6 comprises a body 61, a fixing die 62 and a push unit 63 disposed on the body 61, a press die 64 disposed opposite the fixing die 62 and a grip unit 65 disposed on the body 61 for gripping and moving the metal blank 5 to where the fixing die 62 is located.
- the fixing die 62 has a shaping cavity 621 formed thereon and a discharging hole 622 communicating with the shaping cavity 621.
- the push unit 63 can be inserted into the discharging hole 622.
- the head 51 is accommodated in the shaping cavity 621 and pressed by the press die 64 to form the first arch-shaped part d1 as shown in Fig. 6-1 .
- the time of punching a hole in the head 51 is decided by the structure of the dies. For example, the head 51, as shown in Fig.
- a first archetypal hole h1 may be punched in the first arch-shaped part d1 at the time of pressing as shown in Fig. 6-2 so that it is set as an initial form of a first finished hole 81 of the finished spanner 8.
- the push unit 63 then goes into the discharging hole 622 to push the metal blank 5.
- the metal blank 5 is removed from the fixing die 62 to continue the step 44.
- the second end stamping step 44 presses a shank end 521 of the shank 52 in an opposite direction to or far away from the head 51 to form a second arch-shaped part d2 which is a part with a curved or arched peripheral wall as the archetype of the spanner end. More specifically, the second end stamping step 44 in this preferred embodiment applies a forming machine 7 to press the shank end 521 of the shank 52 .
- the forming machine 7 comprises a pair of lateral dies 71 between which the metal blank 5 is placed and gripped and a stamping die 72 disposed in relation to the pair of lateral dies 71.
- the pair of lateral dies 71 forms a die cavity 711 thereon.
- the stamping die 72 presses the shank end 521 so that the shank end 521 becomes deformed and expanded by the pressing force.
- the deformed and expanded shank end 521 then fills the die cavity 711 to form the second arch-shaped part d2 whose size may be smaller than the size of the first arch-shaped part d1.
- the time of punching a hole in the shank end 521 is also decided by the structure of the dies. For example, the shank end 521, as shown in Fig.
- a second archetypal hole h2 may be punched in the second arch-shaped part d2 at the time of pressing as shown in Fig. 6-2 so that it is set as an initial form of a second finished hole 82 of the finished spanner 8.
- the metal blank 5 is removed from the lateral dies 71 to attain a half-finished spanner ready for the next step 45.
- the trimming step 45 removes scrap or redundant metal projecting from the first arch-shaped part d1 of the head 51 and the second arch-shaped part d2 of the shank 52 by pressing two ends of the half-finished spanner again, namely, the head 51 and the shank end 521 as discussed. Because the amount of the scrap is not much, this step 45, different from the prior technique, attains the removal of the scrap without using the stamping press with large metric tons. This reduces the cost and makes the pressed portions neat. Concurrently, respective finished holes 81, 82 with the desired dimensions and shapes are also formed on the head 51 and the shank end 521, thereby completing a finished spanner 8. It is also noted that these finished holes 81, 82 can be more easily and quickly punched if the first archetypal hole h1 and the second archetypal hole h2, as previously described, are made before the trimming step 45.
- the shape of the finished spanner 8 can be classified into three common types.
- the A type comprises two ring-shaped heads at two ends of the spanner 8, each of which forms a central hole 81 (82) .
- the B type comprises a ring-shaped head with a central hole 81 and jaws with an arch-shaped contour and an open hole 82.
- the C type two sets of jaws, each of which provides an open hole 81 (82) .
- the shape of the spanner 8 can be changed according to the structure of manufacturing dies.
- a second preferred embodiment of this invention for making a spanner 8 still comprises a preparing step 41, an initial forging step 42, a first end stamping step 43, a second end stamping step 44 and a trimming step 45.
- This embodiment is characterized in that the flat metal blank 5 of the preparing step 41 is continuously rolled, and the preparing step 41 is followed by a cutting step 46.
- the cutting step 46 cuts the rolled metal blank 5 into sections by using a cutting machine 9 at the time of feeding the metal blank 5. After the metal blank 5 is cut into sections, these sections can be directly and sequentially gripped and fed for continuing the steps 42, 43, 44, 45.
- the actions of the steps 42, 43, 44, 45 are the same as those of the first preferred embodiment and herein are omitted.
- a third preferred embodiment and a fourth preferred embodiment of this invention still comprise a preparing step 41, an initial forging step 42, a first end stamping step 43, a second end stamping step 44 and a trimming step 45.
- the fourth preferred embodiment differs from the third preferred embodiment in having the rolled metal blank 5 and the cutting step 46 as previously described.
- these two preferred embodiments include a heating step 47 to heat the metal blank 5 by the high-frequency induction or other heating means.
- the heating step 47 can be executed before the initial forging step 42, the first end stamping step 43 or the second end stamping step 44.
- the heating step 47 can be executed before all the steps 42, 43, 44.
- the initial forging step 42 follows a first heating step 47a
- the first end stamping step 43 follows a second heating step 47b
- the second end stamping step 44 follows a third heating step 47c.
- the metal blank 5 forms the head 51 and the shank 52 quickly and easily in the initial forging step 42, shapes the first arch-shaped part d1 quickly and easily in the first end stamping step 43 and/or shapes the second arch-shaped part d2 quickly and easily in the second end stamping step 44. This also effects the small amount of the scrap, decreases the waste of the material, shortens the working time and increasing the processing efficiency.
- this invention takes advantage of the flat metal blank to form the head and the shank directly. Therefore, two ends of the metal blank in the two stamping steps can be directly formed into the arch-shaped parts prepared for the archetype of the spanner to attain a half-finished spanner.
- the trimming step is mainly to remove the scrap or redundant metal left on the two ends of the half-finished spanner and make sure that the finished hole are well punched, thereby completing a finished spanner. Therefore, the preparation of the flat metal blank allow the arch-shaped parts to be directly and quickly formed, thereby shortening the processing time, increasing the processing and forming efficiency and decreasing the cost.
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to a spanner shaping method and relates particularly to a method of making a spanner capable of reducing the waste of the material, shortening the processing time and decreasing the cost.
- Referring to
Fig. 1 andFig. 2 , a traditional method 1 of making a spanner S1 is carried out by hot forging. The method 1 comprises a preparingstep 11, acutting step 12, aheating step 13, apunching step 14, acooling step 15 and a removingstep 16. The preparingstep 11 prepares a rolled round metal blank a. Thecutting step 12 cuts the blank a into a proper length. Theheating step 13 applies aheater 131 providing a fixed and high temperature to heat and soften the blank a. Apunch 141 and dies 142 disposed on thepunch 141 and provided with a shaping impress are used in thepunching step 14. Thepunching step 14 puts the heated and softened blank a on thedies 142, pressurizes the round blank a to form a flat blank a1 and presses the flat blank a1 to build an impression of a spanner outline R. Thecooling step 15 cools the impressed flat blank a1. The removingstep 16 prepares a removingmachine 161 to remove the residual metal along the peripheral edge of the spanner outline R. Therefore, a finished spanner S1 is completed. However, such heating method requires a high cost for processing with correlated heating machines. Further, the heated blank a1 can only be shaped after thecooling step 15 is done, and this requires more complicated actions and takes much time. - Referring to
Fig. 3 andFig. 4 , a further traditional method 3 of making a spanner S2 is carried out by cold forging. The method 3 comprises a preparingstep 31, ahead forming step 32, astamping 33 and a removingstep 34. The preparingstep 31 prepares a round metal blank b. Thehead forming step 32 is executed by cold-forging two ends of the round metal blank b to form two round heads h. Thestamping 33 uses a stamping press (not shown) to press the round metal blank b with two round heads h whereby the round metal blank b is formed into a flat blank b1 with a spanner outline. The removingstep 34 removes the residual metal along the peripheral edge of the spanner outline of the flat blank b1 with another stamping press (not shown) . Therefore, a finished spanner S2 is completed. Generally, because the round metal blank b and the round heads h formed at two ends thereof are thick, the metal blank b must be pressed by a particular press. Thestamping step 33, however, must prepare a stamping press whose power output and weight is much larger than those of the press used in thehead forming step 32 to provide enough driving forces to press the round metal blank b into the flat blank b1 and shape the spanner outline. Therefore, the bulk and the cost of the necessary stamping presses used in the above steps may be much higher than those of the common stamping presses, and this usually increases the processing cost for making the finished spanner S2. - An object of this invention is to provide a method of making a spanner which reduces the waste of the material, shortens the processing time and decreases the manufacturing cost.
- The method of making a spanner of this invention comprises the steps of preparing a flat metal blank (preparing step), forging and pressing a part of the flat metal blank for forming a head and forming a shank which is forged and extended outwards from said head, wherein a width of the shank is smaller than a width of the head (initial forging step), pressing the head to form a first arch-shaped part (first end stamping step), pressing a shank end of the shank far away from the head to expand the shank end and form a second arch-shaped part whose size is smaller than a size of the first arch-shaped part (a second end stamping step), and pressing the head and the shank end again to remove scrap or redundant metal projecting from their arch-shaped parts and punch respective finished holes in the head and the shank end, thereby completing a finished spanner (trimming step). Consequently, the preparation of the flat metal blank for processing facilitates the shortened processing time, the promoted processing efficiency and the reduced amount of scrap and prevents the waste of the material.
- Preferably, a width of the flat metal blank in the preparing step equals a maximum outer diameter of the finished spanner.
- Preferably, when the flat metal blank is prepared as a continuously rolled flat metal blank, a cutting step follows the preparing step. The cutting step cuts the metal blank into sections by using a cutting machine whereby each section of the metal blank is gripped and fed for continuing the initial forging step.
- Preferably, the first end stamping step can not only form the first arch-shaped part by pressing the head but punch a first archetypal hole as an initial form of the finished hole in the first arch-shaped part. Likewise, the second end stamping step can not only form the second arch-shaped part by pressing the shank end but punch a second archetypal hole as an initial form of the finished hole in the second arch-shaped part.
- Preferably, the first end stamping step applies a heading machine to press the head. The heading machine comprises a body, a fixing die and a push unit disposed on the body, a press die disposed opposite the fixing die and a grip unit disposed on the body for gripping and moving the metal blank to where the fixing die is located. The fixing die forms a shaping cavity and a discharging hole communicating with the shaping cavity. The push unit can be inserted into the discharging hole.
- Preferably, the second end stamping step applies a forming machine to press the shank end. The forming machine comprises a pair of lateral dies on which a die cavity is formed and a stamping die disposed in relation to the lateral dies. The shank is gripped by the lateral dies for executing the pressing action.
- Preferably, the heat treatment is further added in this invention. Especially, a heating step is executed before the initial forging step, the first end stamping step or the second end stamping step. Alternatively, the initial forging step, the first end stamping step and the second end stamping step come after a first heating step, a second heating step and a third heating step respectively.
-
- Fig. 1
- is a block diagram of a first traditional method showing the steps of making a spanner;
- Fig. 2
- is a perspective representation of making the spanner in accordance with the first traditional method;
- Fig. 3
- is a block diagram of a second traditional method showing the steps of making a spanner;
- Fig. 4
- is a perspective representation of making the spanner in accordance with the second traditional method;
- Fig. 5
- is a block diagram of a first preferred embodiment of this invention showing the steps of making a spanner;
- Fig. 6-1
- is a perspective representation of making the spanner in accordance with the first preferred embodiment of this invention;
- Fig. 6-2
- is another perspective representation of making the spanner in accordance with the first preferred embodiment of this invention;
- Fig. 7-1
- is a block diagram showing the correlated elements of the heading machine of this invention;
- Fig. 7-2
- is a schematic view showing the heading machine of this invention;
- Fig. 8-1
- is a block diagram showing the correlated elements of the forming machine of this invention;
- Fig. 8-2
- is a schematic view showing the forming machine of this invention;
- Fig. 9
- is a block diagram of a second preferred embodiment of this invention showing the steps of making a spanner;
- Fig. 10
- is a block diagram of a third preferred embodiment of this invention showing the steps of making a spanner; and
- Fig. 11
- is a block diagram of a fourth preferred embodiment of this invention showing the steps of making a spanner.
- Referring to
Fig. 5 andFig. 6 -1, amethod 4 of a first preferred embodiment of this invention for making aspanner 8 comprises a preparingstep 41, an initial forgingstep 42, a firstend stamping step 43, a secondend stamping step 44 and a trimmingstep 45. The preparingstep 41 prepares aflat metal blank 5. Herein, theflat metal blank 5 has a shape with four straight sides. It can be especially rectangular in shape as shown. As used herein, a width of the flat metal blank 5 at least equals a maximum outer diameter of thefinished spanner 8, and a thickness of the flat metal blank 5 equals a thickness of thefinished spanner 8. The initial forgingstep 42 forges and presses a part of theflat metal blank 5. In this step, the initial forgingstep 42 subjects a part of the flat metal blank 5 to compressive forces. Therefore, ahead 51 and ashank 52 extended outwards from thehead 51 are formed into a T-shaped contour. Specifically, thehead 51 is formed at one end of the flat metal blank 5, and thecompressed shank 52 connected to thehead 51 provides a reduced width w2 smaller than a width w1 of thehead 51. By this step, it is possible that the width w1 of thehead 51 equals the original width of theflat metal blank 5. - Furthermore, the first
end stamping step 43 presses thehead 51 to form a first arch-shaped part d1 which is a part with a curved or arched peripheral wall as the archetype of the spanner end. More specifically, the firstend stamping step 43 in this preferred embodiment applies a headingmachine 6 to press thehead 51. Referring toFig. 7-1 and Fig. 7-2 , the headingmachine 6 comprises abody 61, a fixingdie 62 and apush unit 63 disposed on thebody 61, apress die 64 disposed opposite the fixing die 62 and agrip unit 65 disposed on thebody 61 for gripping and moving themetal blank 5 to where the fixing die 62 is located. The fixing die 62 has ashaping cavity 621 formed thereon and a discharginghole 622 communicating with the shapingcavity 621. Thepush unit 63 can be inserted into the discharginghole 622. When themetal blank 5 with thehead 51 is placed onto the fixing die 62 by using thegrip unit 62, thehead 51 is accommodated in theshaping cavity 621 and pressed by the press die 64 to form the first arch-shaped part d1 as shown inFig. 6-1 . Further, the time of punching a hole in thehead 51 is decided by the structure of the dies. For example, thehead 51, as shown inFig. 6-1 , may not be punched or perforated in this step, or a first archetypal hole h1 may be punched in the first arch-shaped part d1 at the time of pressing as shown inFig. 6-2 so that it is set as an initial form of a firstfinished hole 81 of thefinished spanner 8. Thepush unit 63 then goes into the discharginghole 622 to push themetal blank 5. Thus, themetal blank 5 is removed from the fixing die 62 to continue thestep 44. - The second
end stamping step 44 presses ashank end 521 of theshank 52 in an opposite direction to or far away from thehead 51 to form a second arch-shaped part d2 which is a part with a curved or arched peripheral wall as the archetype of the spanner end. More specifically, the secondend stamping step 44 in this preferred embodiment applies a formingmachine 7 to press theshank end 521 of theshank 52. Referring toFig. 8-1 and Fig. 8-2 , the formingmachine 7 comprises a pair of lateral dies 71 between which themetal blank 5 is placed and gripped and a stamping die 72 disposed in relation to the pair of lateral dies 71. The pair of lateral dies 71 forms adie cavity 711 thereon. When theshank 52 of themetal blank 5 is firmly gripped by the lateral dies 71, the stamping die 72 presses theshank end 521 so that theshank end 521 becomes deformed and expanded by the pressing force. The deformed and expandedshank end 521 then fills thedie cavity 711 to form the second arch-shaped part d2 whose size may be smaller than the size of the first arch-shaped part d1. Further, the time of punching a hole in theshank end 521 is also decided by the structure of the dies. For example, theshank end 521, as shown inFig. 6-1 , may not be punched or perforated in this step, or a second archetypal hole h2 may be punched in the second arch-shaped part d2 at the time of pressing as shown inFig. 6-2 so that it is set as an initial form of a secondfinished hole 82 of thefinished spanner 8. Thereafter, themetal blank 5 is removed from the lateral dies 71 to attain a half-finished spanner ready for thenext step 45. - The trimming
step 45 removes scrap or redundant metal projecting from the first arch-shaped part d1 of thehead 51 and the second arch-shaped part d2 of theshank 52 by pressing two ends of the half-finished spanner again, namely, thehead 51 and theshank end 521 as discussed. Because the amount of the scrap is not much, thisstep 45, different from the prior technique, attains the removal of the scrap without using the stamping press with large metric tons. This reduces the cost and makes the pressed portions neat. Concurrently, respectivefinished holes head 51 and theshank end 521, thereby completing afinished spanner 8. It is also noted that thesefinished holes step 45. - The shape of the
finished spanner 8 can be classified into three common types. For example, as shown inFig. 6-2 , the A type comprises two ring-shaped heads at two ends of thespanner 8, each of which forms a central hole 81 (82). The B type comprises a ring-shaped head with acentral hole 81 and jaws with an arch-shaped contour and anopen hole 82. The C type two sets of jaws, each of which provides an open hole 81 (82) . The shape of thespanner 8 can be changed according to the structure of manufacturing dies. - Referring to
Fig. 9 , a second preferred embodiment of this invention for making aspanner 8 still comprises a preparingstep 41, an initial forgingstep 42, a firstend stamping step 43, a secondend stamping step 44 and a trimmingstep 45. This embodiment is characterized in that theflat metal blank 5 of the preparingstep 41 is continuously rolled, and the preparingstep 41 is followed by a cuttingstep 46. The cuttingstep 46 cuts the rolledmetal blank 5 into sections by using a cuttingmachine 9 at the time of feeding themetal blank 5. After themetal blank 5 is cut into sections, these sections can be directly and sequentially gripped and fed for continuing thesteps steps - Referring to
Fig. 10 andFig. 11 , a third preferred embodiment and a fourth preferred embodiment of this invention still comprise a preparingstep 41, an initial forgingstep 42, a firstend stamping step 43, a secondend stamping step 44 and a trimmingstep 45. The fourth preferred embodiment differs from the third preferred embodiment in having the rolledmetal blank 5 and the cuttingstep 46 as previously described. Particularly, these two preferred embodiments include aheating step 47 to heat themetal blank 5 by the high-frequency induction or other heating means. Specifically, theheating step 47 can be executed before the initial forgingstep 42, the firstend stamping step 43 or the secondend stamping step 44. Alternatively, theheating step 47 can be executed before all thesteps step 42 follows afirst heating step 47a, the firstend stamping step 43 follows asecond heating step 47b, and the secondend stamping step 44 follows athird heating step 47c. By using the heating means, the metal blank 5 forms thehead 51 and theshank 52 quickly and easily in the initial forgingstep 42, shapes the first arch-shaped part d1 quickly and easily in the firstend stamping step 43 and/or shapes the second arch-shaped part d2 quickly and easily in the secondend stamping step 44. This also effects the small amount of the scrap, decreases the waste of the material, shortens the working time and increasing the processing efficiency. - Therefore, this invention attains the effects:
- 1. When the preparing
step 41 prepares the flat metal blank 5, the following stamping steps 43, 44 can use the simple heading machine and the forming machine capable of arranging a mass production to replace traditional stamping presses with the large bulk and metric tons. Therefore, the processing and manufacturing efficiency can be increased. - 2. The stamping steps 43, 44 subject the
head 51 and theshank end 521 of theshank 52 to respective pressing works, so the appearance of thespanner 8 can be quickly and easily shaped with less scrap, and the unnecessary loss and waste of the material is decreased. The trimmingstep 45 only needs to remove very little scrap, thereby completing thefinished spanner 8 quickly and easily. - To sum up, this invention takes advantage of the flat metal blank to form the head and the shank directly. Therefore, two ends of the metal blank in the two stamping steps can be directly formed into the arch-shaped parts prepared for the archetype of the spanner to attain a half-finished spanner. The trimming step is mainly to remove the scrap or redundant metal left on the two ends of the half-finished spanner and make sure that the finished hole are well punched, thereby completing a finished spanner. Therefore, the preparation of the flat metal blank allow the arch-shaped parts to be directly and quickly formed, thereby shortening the processing time, increasing the processing and forming efficiency and decreasing the cost.
- While the embodiments of this invention are shown and described, it is understood that further variations and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of this invention.
Claims (9)
- A method (4) of making a spanner (8), characterized in that said method (4) comprises:a preparing step (41) for preparing a flat metal blank (5);an initial forging step (42) for forging and pressing a part of said flat metal blank (5) whereby a head (51) is formed at one end of said flat metal blank (5), and a shank (52) is forged and extended outwards from said head (51), said shank (52) having a reduced width (w2) smaller than a width (w1) of said head (51);a first end stamping step (43) for pressing said head (51) whereby said head (51) forms a first arch-shaped part (d1);a second end stamping step (44) for pressing a shank end (521) of said shank (52) far away from said head (51) whereby said shank end (521) becomes expanded by said pressing force to form a second arch-shaped part (d2), a size of said second arch-shaped part (d2) being smaller than a size of said first arch-shaped part (d1) of said head (51); anda trimming step (45) for pressing said head (51) and said shank end (521) again to remove scrap projecting from said first arch-shaped part (d1) and said second arch-shaped part (d2) and punch a first finished hole (81) and a second finished hole (82) in said head (51) and said shank end (521) respectively, thereby completing a finished spanner (8).
- The method (4) of making a spanner (8) according to claim 1, wherein a width of said flat metal blank (5) in said preparing step (41) equals a maximum outer diameter of said finished spanner (8).
- The method (4) of making a spanner (8) according to claim 1, wherein said flat metal blank (5) in said preparing step (41) is continuously rolled, said preparing step (41) being followed by a cutting step, said cutting step cutting said metal blank (5) into sections with a cutting machine (9) whereby each section of said cut metal blank (5) is gripped and fed for continuing said initial forging step (42).
- The method (4) of making a spanner (8) according to claim 1, wherein said first end stamping step (43) forms said first arch-shaped part (d1) by pressing said head (51) and also punches a first archetypal hole (h1) as an initial form of said first finished hole (81) in said first arch-shaped part (d1).
- The method (4) of making a spanner (8) according to claim 1 or 4, wherein said first end stamping step (43) presses said head (51) with a heading machine (6), said heading machine (6) comprises a body (61), a fixing die (62) and a push unit (63) disposed on said body (61), a press die (64) disposed opposite said fixing die (62) and a grip unit (65) disposed on said body (61) for gripping and moving said metal blank (5) to where said fixing die (62) is located, said fixing die (62) having a shaping cavity (621) formed thereon and a discharging hole (622) communicating with said shaping cavity (621) and allowing an insertion of said push unit (63).
- The method (4) of making a spanner (8) according to claim 1, wherein said second end stamping step (44) forms said second arch-shaped part (d2) by pressing said shank end (521) and also punches a second archetypal hole (h2) as an initial form of said second finished hole (82) in said second arch-shaped part (d2).
- The method (4) of making a spanner (8) according to claim 1 or 6, wherein said second end stamping step (44) presses said shank end (521) of said shank (52) with a forming machine (7), said forming machine (7) comprises a pair of lateral dies (71) between which said shank (52) is placed and gripped and a stamping die (72) disposed in relation to said pair of lateral dies (71), said pair of lateral dies (71) forming a die cavity (711) thereon.
- The method (4) of making a spanner (8) according to claim 1, wherein said initial forging step (42) follows a first heating step (47a), said first end stamping step (43) follows a second heating step (47b), and said second end stamping step (44) follows a third heating step (47c).
- The method (4) of making a spanner (8) according to claim 1, wherein a heating step (7) is added before any of said initial forging step (42), said first end stamping step (43) or said second end stamping step (44).
Priority Applications (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SI201430207T SI2937159T1 (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2014-12-30 | Method of making a spanner |
PT142006394T PT2937159T (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2014-12-30 | Method of making a spanner |
HUE14200639A HUE032896T2 (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2014-12-30 | Method of making a spanner |
ES14200639.4T ES2624611T3 (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2014-12-30 | Method of making a fixed key |
LTEP14200639.4T LT2937159T (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2014-12-30 | Method of making a spanner |
RS20170435A RS55922B1 (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2014-12-30 | Method of making a spanner |
DK14200639.4T DK2937159T3 (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2014-12-30 | Process for making a wrench |
PL14200639T PL2937159T3 (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2014-12-30 | Method of making a spanner |
EP14200639.4A EP2937159B1 (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2014-12-30 | Method of making a spanner |
HRP20170659TT HRP20170659T1 (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2017-04-28 | Method of making a spanner |
CY20171100497T CY1118895T1 (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2017-05-09 | METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING A KEY |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP14200639.4A EP2937159B1 (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2014-12-30 | Method of making a spanner |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2937159A1 true EP2937159A1 (en) | 2015-10-28 |
EP2937159B1 EP2937159B1 (en) | 2017-02-15 |
Family
ID=52146369
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14200639.4A Active EP2937159B1 (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2014-12-30 | Method of making a spanner |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2937159B1 (en) |
CY (1) | CY1118895T1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK2937159T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2624611T3 (en) |
HR (1) | HRP20170659T1 (en) |
HU (1) | HUE032896T2 (en) |
LT (1) | LT2937159T (en) |
PL (1) | PL2937159T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT2937159T (en) |
RS (1) | RS55922B1 (en) |
SI (1) | SI2937159T1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20160158827A1 (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2016-06-09 | Ming-Chang Chen | Method of Making a Spanner |
JP2018065166A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2018-04-26 | 明昌 陳 | Wrench manufacturing process |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1564167A (en) * | 1922-01-05 | 1925-12-01 | Witherow Steel Company | Wrench blank and method of making the same |
FR2831473A1 (en) * | 2001-10-31 | 2003-05-02 | Facom | Forged metal component with perforated section has metal fibres forming nesting arches with sections lying parallel to axis of perforation |
EP2156920A1 (en) * | 2008-08-20 | 2010-02-24 | Bobby Hu | Methods for manufacturing combination wrenches without generating carbon scale |
-
2014
- 2014-12-30 DK DK14200639.4T patent/DK2937159T3/en active
- 2014-12-30 SI SI201430207T patent/SI2937159T1/en unknown
- 2014-12-30 LT LTEP14200639.4T patent/LT2937159T/en unknown
- 2014-12-30 PL PL14200639T patent/PL2937159T3/en unknown
- 2014-12-30 ES ES14200639.4T patent/ES2624611T3/en active Active
- 2014-12-30 PT PT142006394T patent/PT2937159T/en unknown
- 2014-12-30 EP EP14200639.4A patent/EP2937159B1/en active Active
- 2014-12-30 RS RS20170435A patent/RS55922B1/en unknown
- 2014-12-30 HU HUE14200639A patent/HUE032896T2/en unknown
-
2017
- 2017-04-28 HR HRP20170659TT patent/HRP20170659T1/en unknown
- 2017-05-09 CY CY20171100497T patent/CY1118895T1/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1564167A (en) * | 1922-01-05 | 1925-12-01 | Witherow Steel Company | Wrench blank and method of making the same |
FR2831473A1 (en) * | 2001-10-31 | 2003-05-02 | Facom | Forged metal component with perforated section has metal fibres forming nesting arches with sections lying parallel to axis of perforation |
EP2156920A1 (en) * | 2008-08-20 | 2010-02-24 | Bobby Hu | Methods for manufacturing combination wrenches without generating carbon scale |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20160158827A1 (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2016-06-09 | Ming-Chang Chen | Method of Making a Spanner |
US9463503B2 (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2016-10-11 | Ming-Chang Chen | Method of making a spanner |
JP2018065166A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2018-04-26 | 明昌 陳 | Wrench manufacturing process |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CY1118895T1 (en) | 2018-01-10 |
HUE032896T2 (en) | 2017-11-28 |
EP2937159B1 (en) | 2017-02-15 |
DK2937159T3 (en) | 2017-05-15 |
PT2937159T (en) | 2017-05-25 |
PL2937159T3 (en) | 2017-08-31 |
LT2937159T (en) | 2017-07-25 |
RS55922B1 (en) | 2017-09-29 |
ES2624611T3 (en) | 2017-07-17 |
SI2937159T1 (en) | 2017-08-31 |
HRP20170659T1 (en) | 2017-09-08 |
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