EP2929250B1 - Glühkerze für einen dieselmotor mit einer röhrenförmigen elektrode - Google Patents

Glühkerze für einen dieselmotor mit einer röhrenförmigen elektrode Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2929250B1
EP2929250B1 EP13814453.0A EP13814453A EP2929250B1 EP 2929250 B1 EP2929250 B1 EP 2929250B1 EP 13814453 A EP13814453 A EP 13814453A EP 2929250 B1 EP2929250 B1 EP 2929250B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cartridge
head
heating
glow plug
tubular
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13814453.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2929250A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Marc Couffignal
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2929250A1 publication Critical patent/EP2929250A1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • F23Q2007/004—Manufacturing or assembling methods

Definitions

  • the glow plug consists of a metal tubular body whose one end is the heating rod and the other is provided with a connection tip. Near this end, the metal body has an external thread for screwing into the cylinder head of the engine and at the other end, a cone to thereby position the heating rod in the combustion chamber.
  • the candle has a central electrode in the form of a metal rod passing through the tubular body.
  • This rod is connected at one end to the connection end and by its other threaded end it is connected, by screwing, to the end of the electrical connection wire wound helically.
  • the electrical connection wire is secured to the ceramic through a solder.
  • This solder also provides power to one end of the metal filament embedded in the heating ceramic.
  • the other end of the metal filament is connected, by a second solder, to the protective metal tube with a heating rod for electrical return to ground. All the components are held in position by an insulating powder compacted in the protective tube.
  • the electrical contact and the holding in position are obtained by compacting this tube / insulating powder assembly around the screwed parts, that is to say the helical winding and the threaded portion of the central electrode.
  • the latter is itself kept isolated in the protective tube by the compacted insulating powder and the seal.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a ceramic heater preheating candle of simple design, which makes it possible to effectively withstand the stresses of expansion and retraction under the effect of the large temperature variations or the vibrations and shocks to which the candle is subjected. while simplifying the structure and implementation of the glow plug to reduce the manufacturing cost.
  • This assembly between the heating cartridge and the front end of the electrode ensures the efficiency and permanence of the electrical contact between these two elements, whatever the variation of the physical parameters caused by the operation of the glow plug and the evolution of its environment (temperature variations, vibrations, shocks).
  • the placement of the end of the electrode on the end of the heating cartridge is an extremely simple operation taking place very quickly and does not involve foreign elements such as a contribution of matter.
  • the firmness of the contact made by the choice of the dimensions of the large and the small axis of the quasi-elliptical shape of the section of the head and the inside diameter of the tubular end of the electrode guarantees the efficiency and durability of the electrical contact. and thus the efficiency of its operation, avoiding any unnecessary consumption of energy.
  • the connecting member constituted by the neck and the head is made in the extension of the rear end of the ceramic cartridge and in the same material as the cartridge, in one piece, the boss of contact being connected by an electrical connection to the heating conductor of the cartridge through the head and neck.
  • connection member with the heating cartridge facilitates both manufacture and assembly while guaranteeing the reliability of the connection made by the connection member in the tubular end of the tube. electrode.
  • the head comprises a contact boss at each of the vertices of its largest almost elliptical section of its ovoid shape. This doubling of the contact bosses ensures even more reliability and efficiency of the passage of the current supplying the heating conductor.
  • the second end of the electrode has a tubular shape constituting a clamp-shaped connecting member for receiving the rod of the connecting piece.
  • the clamp-shaped connecting member has a narrowing. This form of the connecting member simplifies the introduction of the rod of the connection tip into the rear end of the electrode.
  • the clamp-shaped connecting member is composed of tongues. This embodiment further simplifies the assembly while ensuring the efficiency and permanence of the electrical contact.
  • the rear end of the metal tubular body comprises a counterbore receiving the outer surface of an insulating sleeve whose inner surface receives the sleeve of the connection piece.
  • This production method is particularly simple thanks to the very simple structure of the electrode which is at least partially or completely tubular.
  • the glow plug partially shown consists of a tubular body 1 of axis xx connected at one end 11 to a ceramic heating rod 2, the other end 12 being connected to a connecting piece 3.
  • the spark plug is locked in position by screwing the thread 13 into the cylinder head of the engine, and by passing the heating cartridge 22 relative to the cone 26, the heating rod 2 protrudes into the combustion chamber for preheating.
  • the cone 26 provides centering and sealing support in the cylinder head.
  • the heating pencil 2 operates as a heating resistor connected on one side to the ground both by the support of the cone 26 in the cylinder head and by the metal casing itself electrically connected to the body 1 is also grounded by its thread 13 screwed into the cylinder head.
  • the other end of the heating rod 2 is connected to the electrical circuit board by the conductive path "+" through a body of connection 4, the electrode 5 passing through the body 1 and the connection tip 3.
  • the connector 3 is connected to the electrical circuit board (not shown) by the preheating control itself not shown. These are generally known means that do not require detailed description or particular representation.
  • the heating pencil 2 consists of a metal shell 21 in the form of a finger housing a heating cartridge 22 made of ceramic incorporating a heating conductor Joule effect.
  • the electrode 5 has a tubular front end 51 of circular section for receiving the connecting member 4 of the cartridge 22 and a rear end 54 provided with a connecting member 6 for the connection tip 3.
  • the conductive path feeding the heating cartridge 22, constituted by the connection member 4, the electrode 5, the connecting member and the tip 3 is positioned electrically isolated from the metal casing 21 of the heating rod 2 and the tubular body 1 at the front end by the connecting member 4 and at the other end by an insulating end sleeve 7 receiving the connecting piece 3.
  • the tubular body 1 is externally provided with a thread 13 for its screwing into the heat engine, its rear end 12 comprising a tool socket 15, for example in the form of a hexagon nut by screwing / unscrewing the candle. preheating in the engine.
  • the tubular body 1 is welded to the metal casing 24 of the heating rod 2 by the weld 16.
  • the rear end 12 of the tubular body 1 comprises a countersink 17 to receive the sleeve 31 of the nozzle 3 with the interposition of an end sleeve 7, insulating, clamped on the knurled or grooved surface of the sleeve 31.
  • the assembly is made in a tight manner and its locking is done by the deformation of the lip 18 bordering the countersink 17.
  • the figure 2 shows the two tubular ends 51, 54 of the electrode 5, connected to the cartridge 22 and the tip 3 by connecting means 4 and 6 described below in detail.
  • connection cartridge 22 / electrode 5 made by a connection member 4 at the rear end 27 of the cartridge 22 and consisting of a neck 41 terminated by a contact head 42 ovoidal shape giving an oval or quasi-elliptical section ( Figure 4A ) and curved contour in the direction of the axis xx with a substantially frustoconical end surface, facilitating the engagement in the tubular end 51 of circular section.
  • the head 42 is made of an insulating material such as the neck 41, preferably in the same material and in one piece with the ceramic of the cartridge 22; it comprises an electrical contact boss 43 located on the major axis zz of the quasi-elliptical section of the head and protruding from the contour of this section.
  • connection member 4 may be either a solder insert to the ceramic or a machined shape by grinding the ceramic.
  • Figures 4A, 4B compares the circular tubular end section 51 of inner diameter D 1 and the dimension D 2 which is that of the section between the vertices S 1 , S 2 of the curvatures ( figure 3 ) of the head 42 with a difference D 2 > D 1 .
  • the head has an ovoidal shape which has two vertices S 1 , S 2 somehow symmetrical with respect to the axis xx which is that of the tubular end 51 of the electrode 5 and also the head 42 of the cartridge 22 placed in aligned position.
  • the head 42 has its largest section perpendicular to the orientation axis xx via the two vertices S 1 , S 2 .
  • This section has a rounded, almost elliptical shape, thus having a large axis D 2 and a small axis D 3 in the geometric meaning of the terms (the axis D 2 is in the direction of the orientation axis zz ( Figure 4A ) and the minor axis D 3 is in the perpendicular direction or orientation axis yy).
  • the major axis D 2 is greater than the inside diameter D 1 of the tubular end 51 and the minor axis D 3 is smaller than the inside diameter of the tubular end 51.
  • At least one vertex is occupied by the contact boss 43 which preferably projects from the contour surface of the head 42 itself.
  • the two vertices S 1 , S 2 can also each be occupied by a contact boss.
  • the contact boss or bosses 43 are electrically connected to the heating conductor of the heating cartridge 22.
  • the major axis D 2 takes into account the height of the contact boss or bosses 43.
  • the axes D 2 , D 3 are chosen so that the perimeter of the quasi-ellipse of this section is less than the internal perimeter ( ⁇ * D 1 ) of the tubular end 51 of circular section of so that by the elastic deformation of the end 51, crushed transversely (according to the orientation chosen in the figures), the head 42 can be engaged in the tubular end 51 and pinched along the major axis D 2 (zz) between the vertices S 1 , S 2 by the elastic return of the end 51 to its circular sectional shape.
  • the establishment is done by compressing (FF) the end 51 in the transverse direction of the major axis of the head 42 so that the ellipse of deformation of the circle of the end 51 of the electrode 5 can receive the head 42 with the contact boss 43; then release the compression (FF) so that the end 51 seeks to elastically recover its natural circular section and then compresses, with a constant and permanent PP force, the head 42 and its contact boss 43 at the vertices S 1 , S 2 .
  • FF compressing
  • the oval or ovoidal shape of the head 42 facilitates not only the placement of the head in the tubular end 51 and the good electrical contact by the nip exerted by the tubular end 51, but this shape also makes it possible to absorb a defect of alignment (angle ⁇ ) between the axis xx of the tubular end 51 and the x axis 1 x 1 of the cartridge 22 or the head 42, misaligned as well as a possible sliding under the effect of the variations of certain physical parameters or vibrations or shocks to which the glow plug may be exposed.
  • FIGS 6-7B show the connection electrode 5 / tip 3 to the tubular rear end 54 of the electrode 5 in the form of clamp constituting the connecting member 6.
  • This clamp 6 has a narrowing 61 of lower section than that of the rod 34 of the 3.
  • the gripper 6 may be subdivided longitudinally into resilient tongues 62 to facilitate clamping as shown in the sectional view of FIG. Figure 7B .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Glühkerze, die enthält:
    - einen rohrförmigen metallischen Körper (1), von dem ein Ende (11) in einem keramischen Heizstab (2) endet und das andere Ende (12) einen Verbindungsaufsatz (3) trägt,
    - wobei der Heizstab (2) den Heizleiter aufnimmt, der in die Keramik einer Heizpatrone (22) integriert ist,
    - wobei eine Elektrode (5) den rohrförmigen Körper (1) isoliert durchquert und die Heizpatrone (22) und den Verbindungsaufsatz (3) elektrisch verbindet, der selbst isoliert im Ende des rohrförmigen Körpers (1) gehalten wird,
    wobei die Kerze dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass
    - die Elektrode (5) mindestens ein Ende (51) hat, das vor der Montage auf das hintere Ende der Patrone eine Rohrform mit kreisförmigem Querschnitt eines Innendurchmessers (D1) hat und elastisch verformbar ist,
    - das hintere Ende (27) der Patrone (22) sich in einem Kragen (41) fortsetzt, der einen isolierenden Kopf (42) ovaler Form trägt, der mit mindestens einem «+»-Kontaktbuckel (43) versehen ist, der mit dem Heizleiter der Patrone (22) verbunden ist,
    - der größte Querschnitt des Kopfes (42) lotrecht zur Achse (xx) der Kerze eine praktisch elliptische Form mit einer großen Achse (D2) größer als der Innendurchmesser (D1) und mit einer kleinen Achse (D3) kleiner als der Innendurchmesser (D1) hat, wobei der Umfang dieses praktisch elliptischen Querschnitts kleiner als der Innenumfang (Π*D1) des rohrförmigen Endes (51) mit kreisförmigem Querschnitt ist,
    - der «+»-Kontaktbuckel (43) sich auf einem der Scheitel (S1, S2) der großen Achse (D2) dieses größten elliptischen Querschnitts befindet,
    - wobei der größte Querschnitt des Kopfes (42) in das elastisch verformte und mit den Scheiteln (S1, S2) der großen Achse in Kontakt stehende Ende (51) eingeführt ist.
  2. Glühkerze nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das aus dem Kragen (41) und dem Kopf (42) bestehende Verbindungsorgan (4) in der Verlängerung des hinteren Endes (27) der Keramik-Patrone (22) und aus dem gleichen Material wie die Patrone aus einem Stück hergestellt ist, wobei der Kontaktbuckel (43) durch eine elektrische Verbindung mit dem Heizleiter der Patrone (22) durch den Kopf (42) und den Kragen (41) hindurch verbunden ist.
  3. Glühkerze nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kopf (42) einen Kontaktbuckel (43) an jedem der Scheitel (S1, S2) seines praktisch elliptischen größten Querschnitts seiner ovalen Form aufweist.
  4. Glühkerze nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zweite Ende der Elektrode (5) eine Rohrform (54) hat, die ein Verbindungsorgan (6) in Form einer Klammer bildet, um die Stange (34) des Verbindungsaufsatzes (3) aufzunehmen.
  5. Glühkerze nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das klammerförmige Verbindungsorgan (6) eine Verengung (61) hat.
  6. Glühkerze nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das klammerförmige Verbindungsorgan (6) aus Zungen (62) besteht.
  7. Glühkerze nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das hintere Ende (15) des metallischen rohrförmigen Körpers (1) eine Senkung (17) aufweist, die die Außenfläche (71) einer Isoliermuffe (7) aufnimmt, deren Innenfläche (62) die Muffe (31) des Verbindungsaufsatzes (3) aufnimmt, wobei dieses hintere Ende (15) eine Lippe (18) aufweist, die die Isoliermuffe (7) blockiert.
  8. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Glühkerze nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es darin besteht:
    - die Heizpatrone (22) mit ihrem aus dem Kopf (42), der durch den Kragen (41) mit dem Ende (27) der Patrone (22) verbunden ist, bestehenden Verbindungsorgan (4) herzustellen, indem der oder die Kontaktbuckel (43) eingebaut werden, die mit dem Heizleiter der Patrone (22) verbunden sind,
    - die Heizpatrone (22) mit ihrer metallischen Hülle (21) zusammenzufügen, dann das vordere Ende (51) der rohrförmigen Elektrode (5) mit dem Kopf (42) zu verbinden, indem das Ende (41) zusammengedrückt wird, um den Kopf (42) einzuführen, dann den Druck zu lösen, um den Kopf (42) endgültig einzuklemmen, wobei diese Zusammenfügung ebenfalls vor dem Einsetzen der Heizpatrone (22) in ihre metallische Hülle (21) erfolgen kann,
    - dann den rohrförmigen Körper (1) einzusetzen, indem das vordere Ende (11) durch eine Schweißnaht (16) an den dicken Sockel (24) geschweißt wird,
    - dann die Endmuffe (7) in die Senkung (17) des rohrförmigen Endes presseinzusetzen,
    - dann die Muffe (31) des Aufsatzes (3) und in die Endmuffe (7) und gleichzeitig die Stange (34) in das Verbindungsorgan (6) des hinteren Endes (54) der Elektrode (5) presseinzuführen,
    - dann die Lippe (18) auf die isolierende Muffe (7) umzuschlagen.
EP13814453.0A 2012-12-04 2013-12-03 Glühkerze für einen dieselmotor mit einer röhrenförmigen elektrode Active EP2929250B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1261593A FR2998948B1 (fr) 2012-12-04 2012-12-04 Bougie de prechauffage de moteur diesel a electrode tubulaire
PCT/EP2013/075412 WO2014086792A1 (fr) 2012-12-04 2013-12-03 Bougie de préchauffage de moteur diesel à électrode tubulaire

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2929250A1 EP2929250A1 (de) 2015-10-14
EP2929250B1 true EP2929250B1 (de) 2017-02-22

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EP13814453.0A Active EP2929250B1 (de) 2012-12-04 2013-12-03 Glühkerze für einen dieselmotor mit einer röhrenförmigen elektrode

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Country Link
EP (1) EP2929250B1 (de)
JP (1) JP5918452B2 (de)
FR (1) FR2998948B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2014086792A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3025023B1 (fr) * 2014-08-22 2016-09-30 Bosch Gmbh Robert Bougie de prechauffage a electrode centrale a connexion par corolle a languettes

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2084247B (en) * 1980-08-23 1984-03-07 Kyoto Ceramic Glow plugs for use in diesel engines
JPS6014144Y2 (ja) * 1980-08-23 1985-05-07 自動車機器株式会社 デイ−ゼルエンジン用グロ−プラグ
JPS5871568U (ja) * 1981-10-30 1983-05-14 京セラ株式会社 デイ−ゼル機関用セラミツクグロ−プラグのリ−ド端子部構造
JPS60114629A (ja) * 1983-11-28 1985-06-21 Jidosha Kiki Co Ltd デイ−ゼルエンジン用グロ−プラグ
JPH0220293U (de) * 1988-07-26 1990-02-09
JPH04143518A (ja) * 1990-10-04 1992-05-18 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd 自己制御型セラミックグロープラグ
JPH0942671A (ja) * 1995-05-25 1997-02-14 Denso Corp セラミックグロープラグ及びその製造方法
JP2002349853A (ja) * 2001-05-31 2002-12-04 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd グロープラグ
JP2003130349A (ja) * 2001-10-24 2003-05-08 Denso Corp グロープラグ
JP4289273B2 (ja) * 2003-12-24 2009-07-01 株式会社デンソー グロープラグ
DE102006016566B4 (de) * 2005-09-22 2008-06-12 Beru Ag Zusammengesetzter Leiter, insbesondere für Glühkerzen für Dieselmotoren
JP5166451B2 (ja) * 2008-01-29 2013-03-21 京セラ株式会社 セラミックヒータおよびグロープラグ

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2014086792A1 (fr) 2014-06-12
JP2015535588A (ja) 2015-12-14
FR2998948B1 (fr) 2015-01-30
FR2998948A1 (fr) 2014-06-06
EP2929250A1 (de) 2015-10-14
JP5918452B2 (ja) 2016-05-18

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