EP2928613B1 - Outlet nozzle for a centrifuge drum - Google Patents

Outlet nozzle for a centrifuge drum Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2928613B1
EP2928613B1 EP13814054.6A EP13814054A EP2928613B1 EP 2928613 B1 EP2928613 B1 EP 2928613B1 EP 13814054 A EP13814054 A EP 13814054A EP 2928613 B1 EP2928613 B1 EP 2928613B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
outlet
outlet duct
diameter
duct
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13814054.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2928613A2 (en
Inventor
Wilfried Mackel
Jürgen TEIGELER
Volker Kassera
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GEA Mechanical Equipment GmbH
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GEA Mechanical Equipment GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by GEA Mechanical Equipment GmbH filed Critical GEA Mechanical Equipment GmbH
Priority to EP19152074.1A priority Critical patent/EP3488934A1/en
Publication of EP2928613A2 publication Critical patent/EP2928613A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2928613B1 publication Critical patent/EP2928613B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/10—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/02—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/10—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl
    • B04B1/12—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl with continuous discharge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
    • B04B11/02—Continuous feeding or discharging; Control arrangements therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/12—Centrifuges in which rotors other than bowls generate centrifugal effects in stationary containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/36—Outlets for discharging by overflow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/12—Centrifuges in which rotors other than bowls generate centrifugal effects in stationary containers
    • B04B2005/125—Centrifuges in which rotors other than bowls generate centrifugal effects in stationary containers the rotors comprising separating walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/50—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an outlet nozzle for a centrifuge drum according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Discharge nozzles of the prior art show the generic DE 39 22 619 C1 as well as the DE 41 05 903 A1 , the WO97 / 18900 A1 , the US Pat. No. 2,060,239 A1 and the US 2 560 239 ,
  • Another generic outlet is also from the DE 195 27 039 C1 known.
  • the diameter of the inlet opening of the outlet nozzle in the region of the nozzle body is either the same size as the diameter of the outlet channel or it is at most 50 percent larger or 50 percent smaller than the diameter of the outlet channel.
  • the inlet space widens steadily up to a largest diameter.
  • the diameter of the outlet channel in the nozzle stone initially tapers to a constriction and then widens in one of the variants of the DE 195 27 039 C1 conical at an angle of at least 5 °.
  • the invention solves this problem by the subject matter of claim 1. Thereafter, the narrowest point of the outlet channel in terms of the cross section of the inlet opening itself is formed and it is envisaged that the cross section of the outlet channel on the - preferably total axial - length of the outlet channel in the outlet direction at any point - apart from a possibly provided manufacturing radius at the inlet - reduced and that increases the diameter of the circular cross-section outlet channel, starting from the inlet to the outlet opening.
  • FIG. 2 shows a double conical separator drum 100 designed for continuous operation.
  • the separator drum 100 has a vertical axis of rotation.
  • a separator plate stack 300 of conical separator plates 400 is arranged in the centrifuge chamber 200.
  • the separation plates 400 are arranged on a distributor shaft 600.
  • An inlet pipe 500 serves to feed a product to be processed into distribution channels 700.
  • the distribution channels 700 open into the centrifugal space 200, in which a clarification of the product of solids takes place and optionally optionally a separation into two or more liquid phases of different density.
  • the at least one liquid phase serve one or more processes 900 for liquid phases, which may be provided, for example with peeling discs.
  • the solids are ejected outwardly from the centrifugal drum 100 by circumferentially distributed outlet openings 800 preferably in the area of the largest circumference of the centrifugal drum.
  • an outlet nozzle 1 is inserted into the outlet openings 800.
  • a first preferred embodiment of the outlet nozzle 1 according to the invention shows the FIG. 1 ,
  • the outlet nozzle 1 has a nozzle body 2 designed as a nozzle holder and a nozzle block 3 inserted into the nozzle body 2.
  • an inlet channel 4 is formed and in the nozzle block 3, an axially extending outlet channel 7 is formed.
  • the symmetry axis 5 of the inlet channel 4 and the axis of symmetry 6 of the outlet channel 7 of the nozzle block 3 are aligned at an angle to each other, wherein the enclosed by them Angle is an obtuse angle " ⁇ ", for which preferably the condition is: 90 ° ⁇ ⁇ 160 °.
  • the outlet channel 7 in the nozzle block 3 has an inlet opening 8 and an outlet opening 10 spaced apart in the outlet direction A by an axial distance z for this purpose.
  • the outlet channel 7 widens starting from the inlet opening to the diameter of the outlet opening 10, ie the diameter of the outlet channel 7 in the nozzle block 3 increases from the inlet opening 8 to the outlet opening 10.
  • the narrowest in terms of the cross section of the outlet channel 7 of the nozzle block 3 is formed in such a way from the inlet opening 8 of the nozzle block 3 itself, wherein the cross section of the outlet opening 10 according to the invention is always greater than the cross section of the inlet opening 8 of the outlet channel 7 of the nozzle block 3.
  • the cross section of the outlet channel 7 does not decrease over the axial length of the outlet channel 7 in the outlet direction A at any point. This results in a reduced clogging tendency and improved beam focusing.
  • the nozzle block 3 is preferably a component which is rotationally symmetrical over its entire length, which simplifies its production compared with the generic state of the art. In the region of the inlet opening, it is preferably flat on its axial end face.
  • a solder 11 is preferably present between the nozzle body 2 and the nozzle block 3 in order to secure the nozzle block on the nozzle body.
  • a seal may be provided in this area (which engages, for example, in an annular groove, not shown here), if the nozzle block 3 is to be releasable (if it is held over thread in the nozzle body 2, for example.
  • FIG. 3 shows such a nozzle body designed as a nozzle body 2 with nozzle block 3 (similar to Fig. 1 ).
  • the nozzle block 3 may be screwed into the nozzle holder 2.
  • the seal between the outer circumference of the nozzle body 3 and the nozzle holder in Figure 3 not shown.
  • Fig. 1 and 3 show nozzles with a nozzle holder designed as a nozzle body 2, in which the nozzle block 3 is inserted and the 4 to 6 Nozzles in which a nozzle block 3 is dispensed with.
  • the obtuse-angled to the inlet channel 4 extending outlet channel 7 is after 4 to 6 formed directly in the then one-piece nozzle body 2 itself (in which case a sufficiently hard Material is used to make the nozzle body 2).
  • a sufficiently hard Material is used to make the nozzle body 2
  • areas in which dirt can form can be further reduced.
  • the outlet channel 7 widens in all nozzles over its axial length continuously or in sections. Is a nozzle stone 3 present - Fig. 1 it expands preferably conically over its axial length. As already explained, the outlet channel 7 preferably expands uniformly over its entire axial length. This is advantageous, but not mandatory.
  • the cross section of the outlet channel 7, which is preferably circular in cross section, can not increase uniformly over the axial length of the outlet channel 7.
  • the cross section of the outlet channel 7 in a first inner region with a length y Fig. 3 : Nozzle body with nozzle stone, Fig.
  • Nozzle body without nozzle block be designed so that the diameter of the outlet channel 7 in this first region of the inlet opening over the axial distance y is constant (diameter D1), then what in the exit direction at this section constant diameter D1 of the circular cross-section preferably outlet channel 7 adjoins the flaring outlet cone 9 whose largest diameter D2 is greater than the diameter D1 ( Fig. 3 to 6 ).
  • the outlet channel 7 may have a circumferential production radius R1 on the circumferential edge, preferably circular. This can be very sharp-edged (ie the radius R1 is negligibly small and can be set equal to zero) or rather slightly larger (preferably less than 3 mm, in particular less than 1 mm).
  • the production radius R1 is preferably dimensioned such that it extends over less than 10% of the axial extent z of the outlet channel 7. It is preferably advantageous in the region of the outlet channel 7, in which it has its smallest diameter D1.
  • the manufacturing radius R1 reduces the wear on the inlet opening 8 of the outlet channel.
  • 7 To Fig. 6 joins the manufacturing radius R1 (in the outflow direction widening aligned) second radius R2, which is such that a sharp-edged transition in the region of the transition from the manufacturing radius R1 to the widening cone 9 is avoided.
  • Seals 12 on the outer circumference of the nozzle body 2 seal the outlet nozzle 1 against the drum wall.
  • a thread 13 also allows screwing of the nozzle body 2 in the drum wall or in the openings 800 in the drum wall. Also a bayonet lock or the like is conceivable.
  • outlet channel 7 preferably in the nozzle block 3, is particularly advantageous in all embodiments. Since the outlet channel 7 does not taper from the region of the inlet opening 8 to the region of the outlet opening 10, the outlet channel 7 extends from the inlet opening 8 to the outlet opening 10. possibly up to the mentioned manufacturing radius - consistently conically widens, compared to the prior art, a significantly reduced tendency to blockage is achieved, especially in a change in the consistency of the product to be processed.
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ of the conical region 9 of the outlet channel 8 to the axis of symmetry 6 of the outlet channel 7 is 5 ° to 45 °, in particular 10 ° to 30 °, and particularly preferably 30 ° to 45 °. In this area, the tendency to blockage is significantly reduced.
  • the diameter of the outlet channel 7 increases over more than 50 percent, in particular more than 75 percent, of its axial length, whereby a particularly good operating behavior is achieved.
  • the inlet channel 4 does not widen conically as in the prior art but initially tapers uniformly to a constant diameter that extends over most of the axial length of the inlet channel or inlet channel 4.
  • no nozzle block 3 is provided in the nozzle body 2 but is itself formed integrally in the nozzle body, wherein it has the axially extending inlet channel 4 and the obtuse angle to the inlet channel extending outlet channel 7, which has the inlet opening 8 and the outlet opening 10, wherein the diameter of the outlet channel 7 sections enlarged, such that the narrowest point of the outlet channel 7 with respect to the cross section is formed by the inlet opening 8 itself, wherein the cross-section of the outlet channel 7 is reduced over the axial length of the outlet channel 7 in the outlet direction A at any point.
  • a sufficiently hard material chosen can be dispensed with the nozzle stone of harder material than the material of the nozzle holder so.
  • the absolute nozzle diameter D2 at the outlet opening is preferably significantly larger than the diameter D1 at the inlet opening 8, in particular more than twice as large.

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Auslassdüse für eine Zentrifugentrommel nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to an outlet nozzle for a centrifuge drum according to the preamble of claim 1.

Auslassdüsen des Standes der Technik zeigen die gattungsgemäße DE 39 22 619 C1 sowie die DE 41 05 903 A1 , die WO97/18900 A1 , die US 2 060 239 A1 und die US 2 560 239 .Discharge nozzles of the prior art show the generic DE 39 22 619 C1 as well as the DE 41 05 903 A1 , the WO97 / 18900 A1 , the US Pat. No. 2,060,239 A1 and the US 2 560 239 ,

Eine weitere gattungsgemäße Auslassdüse ist zudem aus der DE 195 27 039 C1 bekannt. Nach der Lehre der DE 195 27 039 C1 ist der Durchmesser der Eintrittsöffnung der Auslassdüse im Bereich des Düsenkörpers entweder genauso groß wie der Durchmesser des Auslasskanals oder er ist maximal 50 Prozent größer oder um 50 Prozent kleiner als der Durchmesser des Auslasskanals. Darüber hinaus weitet sich der Einlaufraum bis zu einem größten Durchmesser stetig auf. Der Durchmesser des Auslasskanals im Düsenstein verjüngt sich zunächst bis zu einer Engstelle und weitet sich dann bei einer der Varianten der DE 195 27 039 C1 um einen Winkel von wenigstens 5° konisch auf.Another generic outlet is also from the DE 195 27 039 C1 known. After the apprenticeship of DE 195 27 039 C1 the diameter of the inlet opening of the outlet nozzle in the region of the nozzle body is either the same size as the diameter of the outlet channel or it is at most 50 percent larger or 50 percent smaller than the diameter of the outlet channel. In addition, the inlet space widens steadily up to a largest diameter. The diameter of the outlet channel in the nozzle stone initially tapers to a constriction and then widens in one of the variants of the DE 195 27 039 C1 conical at an angle of at least 5 °.

Diese Auslassdüse hat sich zwar an sich durchaus bewährt.This outlet nozzle has indeed proven itself.

Es ist aber dennoch wünschenswert, die Verstopfungsneigung der Auslassdüse weiter zu verringern sowie den Austrittsstrahl positiv zu beeinflussen. Die Lösung dieses Problems ist die Aufgabe der Erfindung.However, it is still desirable to further reduce the tendency of the outlet nozzle to clog and to positively influence the outlet jet. The solution to this problem is the object of the invention.

Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe durch den Gegenstand des Anspruchs 1. Danach wird die in Hinsicht auf den Querschnitt engste Stelle des Auslasskanals von der Eintrittsöffnung selbst gebildet und es ist vorgesehen, dass sich der Querschnitt des Auslasskanals über die - vorzugsweise gesamte axiale - Länge des Auslasskanals in Austrittsrichtung an keiner Stelle - abgesehen von einem ggf. vorgesehenen Fertigungsradius am Einlass - verringert und dass sich der Durchmesser des im Querschnitt kreisrunden Auslasskanals ausgehend von der Eintrittsöffnung bis zur Austrittsöffnung vergrößert.The invention solves this problem by the subject matter of claim 1. Thereafter, the narrowest point of the outlet channel in terms of the cross section of the inlet opening itself is formed and it is envisaged that the cross section of the outlet channel on the - preferably total axial - length of the outlet channel in the outlet direction at any point - apart from a possibly provided manufacturing radius at the inlet - reduced and that increases the diameter of the circular cross-section outlet channel, starting from the inlet to the outlet opening.

Derart wird die Verstopfungsneigung und Düsenstrahlausbildung durch einfach umzusetzende Veränderung der Ausgestaltung des Auslasskanals des Düsensteins verringert.Thus, the clogging tendency and nozzle jet formation is reduced by simply changing the configuration of the outlet channel of the nozzle block.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.Advantageous embodiments can be found in the dependent claims.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezug auf die Figuren näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Figur 1, 5, 6
Querschnitte erfindungsgemäßer Auslassdüsen;
Figur 2
eine schematische Darstellung einer bekannten Separatortrommel.
Figur 3-4
Querschnitte von Auslassdüsen, die nicht Teil der Erfindung sind, mit und ohne Düsenstein;
The invention will be described in more detail with reference to an embodiment with reference to the figures. Show it:
FIGS. 1, 5, 6
Cross sections of outlet nozzles according to the invention;
FIG. 2
a schematic representation of a known separator drum.
Figure 3-4
Cross sections of outlet nozzles, which are not part of the invention, with and without nozzle stone;

Figur 2 zeigt eine doppelt-konische Separatortrommel 100, die für einen kontinuierlichen Betrieb ausgelegt ist. FIG. 2 shows a double conical separator drum 100 designed for continuous operation.

Die Separatortrommel 100 weist eine vertikale Drehachse auf. In der konischen bzw. hier sogar doppelt-konischen Separatortrommel 100 ist im Schleuderraum 200 ein Trenntellerstapel 300 aus konischen Trenntellern 400 angeordnet. Die Trennteller 400 sind auf einem Verteilerschaft 600 angeordnet. Ein Zulaufrohr 500 dient zur Zuleitung eines zu verarbeitenden Produktes in Verteilerkanäle 700.The separator drum 100 has a vertical axis of rotation. In the conical or here even double-conical separator drum 100, a separator plate stack 300 of conical separator plates 400 is arranged in the centrifuge chamber 200. The separation plates 400 are arranged on a distributor shaft 600. An inlet pipe 500 serves to feed a product to be processed into distribution channels 700.

Die Verteilerkanäle 700 münden in den Schleuderraum 200, in welchem eine Klärung des Produktes von Feststoffen erfolgt sowie ggf. optional eine Trennung in zwei oder mehr Flüssigkeitsphasen unterschiedlicher Dichte. Zur Ableitung der wenigstens einen Flüssigkeitsphase dienen ein oder mehrere Abläufe 900 für Flüssigkeitsphasen, die beispielsweise mit Schälscheiben versehen sein können. Die Feststoffe werden dagegen durch umfangsverteilte Austrittsöffnungen 800 vorzugsweise im Bereich des größten Umfangs der Schleudertrommel aus der Schleudertrommel 100 nach außen ausgestoßen. Hierzu wird in die Austrittsöffnungen 800 jeweils eine Auslassdüse 1 eingesetzt.The distribution channels 700 open into the centrifugal space 200, in which a clarification of the product of solids takes place and optionally optionally a separation into two or more liquid phases of different density. For the derivation of the at least one liquid phase serve one or more processes 900 for liquid phases, which may be provided, for example with peeling discs. In contrast, the solids are ejected outwardly from the centrifugal drum 100 by circumferentially distributed outlet openings 800 preferably in the area of the largest circumference of the centrifugal drum. For this purpose, an outlet nozzle 1 is inserted into the outlet openings 800.

Eine erste bevorzugte Ausführung der erfindungsgemäßen Auslassdüse 1 zeigt die Figur 1.A first preferred embodiment of the outlet nozzle 1 according to the invention shows the FIG. 1 ,

Die Auslassdüse 1 weist einen als Düsenhalter ausgebildeten Düsenkörper 2 und einen in den Düsenkörper 2 eingesetzten Düsenstein 3 auf.The outlet nozzle 1 has a nozzle body 2 designed as a nozzle holder and a nozzle block 3 inserted into the nozzle body 2.

Im Düsenkörper 2 ist ein Einlaufkanal 4 ausgebildet und im Düsenstein 3 ist ein axial verlaufender Auslasskanal 7 ausgebildet. Die Symmetrieachse 5 des Einlaufkanals 4 und die Symmetrieachse 6 des Auslasskanals 7 des Düsensteins 3 sind winklig zueinander ausgerichtet, wobei der von ihnen eingeschlossene Winkel ein stumpfer Winkel "α" ist, für welchen vorzugsweise die Bedingung gilt: 90°< α < 160°.In the nozzle body 2, an inlet channel 4 is formed and in the nozzle block 3, an axially extending outlet channel 7 is formed. The symmetry axis 5 of the inlet channel 4 and the axis of symmetry 6 of the outlet channel 7 of the nozzle block 3 are aligned at an angle to each other, wherein the enclosed by them Angle is an obtuse angle "α", for which preferably the condition is: 90 ° <α <160 °.

Der Auslasskanal 7 im Düsenstein 3 weist eine Eintrittsöffnung 8 und eine hierzu in Austrittsrichtung A um eine axiale Strecke z beabstandete Austrittsöffnung 10 auf.The outlet channel 7 in the nozzle block 3 has an inlet opening 8 and an outlet opening 10 spaced apart in the outlet direction A by an axial distance z for this purpose.

Der Auslasskanal 7 weitet sich ausgehend von der Eintrittsöffnung bis zum Durchmesser der Austrittsöffnung 10 auf, d.h. der Durchmesser des Auslasskanals 7 im Düsenstein 3 vergrößert sich von der Eintrittsöffnung 8 zur Austrittsöffnung 10.
Die in Hinsicht auf den Querschnitt engste Stelle des Auslasskanals 7 des Düsensteins 3 wird derart von der Eintrittsöffnung 8 des Düsensteins 3 selbst gebildet, wobei der Querschnitt der Austrittsöffnung 10 erfindungsgemäß stets größer ist als der Querschnitt der Eintrittsöffnung 8 des Auslasskanals 7 des Düsensteins 3. Erfindungsgemäß verringert sich der Querschnitt des Auslasskanals 7 über die axiale Länge des Auslasskanals 7 in Austrittsrichtung A an keiner Stelle. Dies resultiert in einer verringerten Verstopfungsneigung und einer verbesserten Strahlbündelung.
Der Düsenstein 3 ist vorzugsweise ein über seine gesamte Länge rotationsymmetrisches Bauteil, was seine Herstellung gegenüber dem gattungsgemäßen Stand der Technik vereinfacht. Im Bereich der Eintrittsöffnung ist er an seiner axialen Stirnseite vorzugsweise eben flach ausgebildet.
Am Außenumfang des Düsensteins 3 ist vorzugsweise zwischen dem Düsenkörper 2 und dem Düsenstein 3 ein Lot 11 vorhanden, um den Düsenstein am Düsenkörper zu befestigen. Alternativ kann auch eine Dichtung in diesem Bereich vorgesehen sein (die beispielsweise in eine Ringnut eingreift, hier nicht dargestellt), wenn der Düsenstein 3 lösbar sein soll (wenn er z.B. über Gewinde im Düsenkörper 2 gehalten ist. Fig. 3 zeigt einen derartigen als Düsenhalter ausgebildeten Düsenkörper 2 mit Düsenstein 3 (ähnlich zu Fig. 1). Nach der Fig.3 kann der Düsenstein 3 in den Düsenhalter 2 eingeschraubt sein. Dabei ist die Dichtung zwischen dem Außenumfang des Düsenkörpers 3 und dem Düsenhalter in Fig.3 nicht eingezeichnet.The outlet channel 7 widens starting from the inlet opening to the diameter of the outlet opening 10, ie the diameter of the outlet channel 7 in the nozzle block 3 increases from the inlet opening 8 to the outlet opening 10.
The narrowest in terms of the cross section of the outlet channel 7 of the nozzle block 3 is formed in such a way from the inlet opening 8 of the nozzle block 3 itself, wherein the cross section of the outlet opening 10 according to the invention is always greater than the cross section of the inlet opening 8 of the outlet channel 7 of the nozzle block 3. According to the invention the cross section of the outlet channel 7 does not decrease over the axial length of the outlet channel 7 in the outlet direction A at any point. This results in a reduced clogging tendency and improved beam focusing.
The nozzle block 3 is preferably a component which is rotationally symmetrical over its entire length, which simplifies its production compared with the generic state of the art. In the region of the inlet opening, it is preferably flat on its axial end face.
On the outer circumference of the nozzle block 3, a solder 11 is preferably present between the nozzle body 2 and the nozzle block 3 in order to secure the nozzle block on the nozzle body. Alternatively, a seal may be provided in this area (which engages, for example, in an annular groove, not shown here), if the nozzle block 3 is to be releasable (if it is held over thread in the nozzle body 2, for example. Fig. 3 shows such a nozzle body designed as a nozzle body 2 with nozzle block 3 (similar to Fig. 1 ). After Figure 3 For example, the nozzle block 3 may be screwed into the nozzle holder 2. In this case, the seal between the outer circumference of the nozzle body 3 and the nozzle holder in Figure 3 not shown.

Die Fig. 1 und 3 zeigen dabei Düsen mit einem als Düsenhalter ausgebildeten Düsenkörper 2, in den der Düsenstein 3 eingesetzt ist und die Fig. 4 bis 6 Düsen, bei welchen auf einen Düsenstein 3 verzichtet wird. Stattdessen ist der stumpfwinklig zum Einlaufkanal 4 verlaufende Auslasskanal 7 nach Fig. 4 bis 6 direkt in dem dann einstückigen Düsenkörper 2 selbst ausgebildet (wobei dann ein genügend hartes Material zum Herstellen des Düsenkörpers 2 genutzt wird). Hierdurch können Bereiche, in welchen sich Verschmutzungen bilden können, nochmals reduziert werden.The Fig. 1 and 3 show nozzles with a nozzle holder designed as a nozzle body 2, in which the nozzle block 3 is inserted and the 4 to 6 Nozzles in which a nozzle block 3 is dispensed with. Instead, the obtuse-angled to the inlet channel 4 extending outlet channel 7 is after 4 to 6 formed directly in the then one-piece nozzle body 2 itself (in which case a sufficiently hard Material is used to make the nozzle body 2). As a result, areas in which dirt can form, can be further reduced.

Der Auslasskanal 7 weitet bei sämtlichen Düsen über seine axiale Länge durchgehend oder abschnittsweise auf. Ist ein Düsenstein 3 vorhanden - Fig. 1 - weitet er sich vorzugsweise über dessen axiale Länge konisch auf.
Wie bereits erläutert, weitet sich der Auslasskanal 7 vorzugsweise über seine gesamte axiale Länge stetig gleichmäßig auf. Dies ist vorteilhaft, aber nicht zwingend erforderlich. Denn der Querschnitt des vorzugsweise im Querschnitt kreisrunden Auslasskanals 7 kann auch nicht gleichmäßig über die axiale Länge des Auslasskanals 7 zunehmen. In Düsen, die nicht Teil der Erfindung sind, wie im Fig. 3 bis 6, kann der Querschnitt des Auslasskanals 7 in einem ersten inneren Bereich mit einer Länge y (Fig. 3: Düsenkörper mit Düsenstein, Fig. 4: Düsenkörper ohne Düsenstein) so ausgebildet sein, dass der Durchmesser des Auslasskanals 7 in diesem ersten Bereich der Eintrittsöffnung über die axiale Strecke y konstant ist (Durchmesser D1), woran sich dann in Austrittsrichtung an diesen Abschnitt konstanten Durchmesser D1 des vorzugsweise im Querschnitt kreisrunden Auslasskanals 7 der sich aufweitende Austrittskonus 9 anschließt, dessen größter Durchmesser D2 größer als der Durchmesser D1 ist (Fig. 3 bis 6).
Im Bereich der Eintrittsöffnung 8 kann der Auslasskanal 7 am - vorzugsweise kreisrunden - Umfangsrand einen umlaufenden Fertigungsradius R1 aufweisen. Dieser kann sehr scharfkantig sein (d.h. der Radius R1 ist vernachlässigbar klein und kann gleich Null gesetzt werden) oder eher etwas größer (vorzugsweise kleiner 3 mm, insbesondere kleiner 1 mm). Bevorzugt ist der Fertigungsradius R1 derart bemessen, dass er sich über weniger als 10 % der axialen Erstreckung z des Auslasskanals 7 erstreckt. Er geht vorzugsweise vorteilhaft in den Bereich des Austrittskanals 7 über, in welchem dieser seinen kleinsten Durchmesser D1 aufweist. Der Fertigungsradius R1 verringert den Verschleiß an der Eintrittsöffnung 8 des Auslasskanals 7.
Nach Fig. 6 schließt sich an den Fertigungsradius R1 ein (in Abströmrichtung aufweitend ausgerichteter) zweiter Radius R2 an, der derart beschaffen ist, dass ein scharfkantiger Übergang im Bereich des Überganges von dem Fertigungsradius R1 zu dem sich aufweitenden Konus 9 vermieden wird..
Dichtungen 12 am Außenumfang des Düsenkörpers 2 dichten die Auslassdüse 1 gegen die Trommelwand ab. Ein Gewinde 13 ermöglicht ferner ein Einschrauben des Düsenkörpers 2 in die Trommelwand bzw. in die Öffnungen 800 in der Trommelwand. Auch ein Bajonettverschluss oder ähnliches ist denkbar.The outlet channel 7 widens in all nozzles over its axial length continuously or in sections. Is a nozzle stone 3 present - Fig. 1 it expands preferably conically over its axial length.
As already explained, the outlet channel 7 preferably expands uniformly over its entire axial length. This is advantageous, but not mandatory. For the cross section of the outlet channel 7, which is preferably circular in cross section, can not increase uniformly over the axial length of the outlet channel 7. In nozzles that are not part of the invention, as in Fig. 3 to 6 , the cross section of the outlet channel 7 in a first inner region with a length y ( Fig. 3 : Nozzle body with nozzle stone, Fig. 4 : Nozzle body without nozzle block) be designed so that the diameter of the outlet channel 7 in this first region of the inlet opening over the axial distance y is constant (diameter D1), then what in the exit direction at this section constant diameter D1 of the circular cross-section preferably outlet channel 7 adjoins the flaring outlet cone 9 whose largest diameter D2 is greater than the diameter D1 ( Fig. 3 to 6 ).
In the region of the inlet opening 8, the outlet channel 7 may have a circumferential production radius R1 on the circumferential edge, preferably circular. This can be very sharp-edged (ie the radius R1 is negligibly small and can be set equal to zero) or rather slightly larger (preferably less than 3 mm, in particular less than 1 mm). The production radius R1 is preferably dimensioned such that it extends over less than 10% of the axial extent z of the outlet channel 7. It is preferably advantageous in the region of the outlet channel 7, in which it has its smallest diameter D1. The manufacturing radius R1 reduces the wear on the inlet opening 8 of the outlet channel. 7
To Fig. 6 joins the manufacturing radius R1 (in the outflow direction widening aligned) second radius R2, which is such that a sharp-edged transition in the region of the transition from the manufacturing radius R1 to the widening cone 9 is avoided.
Seals 12 on the outer circumference of the nozzle body 2 seal the outlet nozzle 1 against the drum wall. A thread 13 also allows screwing of the nozzle body 2 in the drum wall or in the openings 800 in the drum wall. Also a bayonet lock or the like is conceivable.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist bei sämtlichen Ausführungsbeispielen die Ausgestaltung des Auslasskanals 7, vorzugsweise im Düsenstein 3. Da sich der Auslasskanal 7 vom Bereich der Eintrittsöffnung 8 bis zum Bereich der Austrittsöffnung 10 nirgends verjüngt sondern da sich der Auslasskanal 7 von der Eintrittsöffnung 8 bis zur Austrittsöffnung 10 - ggf. bis auf den erwähnten Fertigungsradius - durchgängig konisch aufweitet, wird gegenüber dem Stand der Technik eine deutlich verringerte Neigung zu Verstopfungen erzielt, insbesondere auch bei einer Änderung der Konsistenz des zu verarbeitenden Produktes.The design of the outlet channel 7, preferably in the nozzle block 3, is particularly advantageous in all embodiments. Since the outlet channel 7 does not taper from the region of the inlet opening 8 to the region of the outlet opening 10, the outlet channel 7 extends from the inlet opening 8 to the outlet opening 10. possibly up to the mentioned manufacturing radius - consistently conically widens, compared to the prior art, a significantly reduced tendency to blockage is achieved, especially in a change in the consistency of the product to be processed.

Vorzugsweise beträgt der Neigungswinkel β des konischen Bereiches 9 des Auslasskanals 8 zur Symmetrieachse 6 des Austrittskanals 7 5° bis 45°, insbesondere 10° bis 30°, und besonders bevorzugt 30° bis 45°. In diesem Bereich wird die Verstopfungsneigung besonders deutlich verringert.Preferably, the angle of inclination β of the conical region 9 of the outlet channel 8 to the axis of symmetry 6 of the outlet channel 7 is 5 ° to 45 °, in particular 10 ° to 30 °, and particularly preferably 30 ° to 45 °. In this area, the tendency to blockage is significantly reduced.

Vorzugsweise vergrößert sich der Durchmesser des Auslasskanals 7 über mehr als 50 Prozent, insbesondere mehr als 75 Prozent, seiner axialen Länge hinweg, wodurch ein besonders gutes Betriebsverhalten erreicht wird.Preferably, the diameter of the outlet channel 7 increases over more than 50 percent, in particular more than 75 percent, of its axial length, whereby a particularly good operating behavior is achieved.

Der Einlasskanal 4 weitet sich nicht wie im Stand der Technik konisch auf sondern er verjüngt sich zunächst gleichmäßig bis zu einem konstanten Durchmesser, der sich über größten Teil der axialen Länge des Einlasskanals bzw. Einlaufkanals 4 erstreckt.The inlet channel 4 does not widen conically as in the prior art but initially tapers uniformly to a constant diameter that extends over most of the axial length of the inlet channel or inlet channel 4.

Wie bereits erwähnt, ist nach Fig. 4 kein Düsenstein 3 im Düsenkörper 2 vorgesehen sondern ist im Düsenkörper selbst einstückig ausgebildet, wobei er den axial verlaufenden Einlaufkanal 4 und den stumpfwinklig zum Einlaufkanal verlaufenden Auslasskanal 7 aufweist, der die Eintrittsöffnung 8 und die Austrittsöffnung 10 aufweist, wobei sich der Durchmesser des Auslasskanals 7 abschnittsweise vergrößert, derart, dass die in Hinsicht auf den Querschnitt engste Stelle des Auslasskanals 7 von der Eintrittsöffnung 8 selbst gebildet wird, wobei sich der Querschnitt des Auslasskanals 7 über die axiale Länge des Auslasskanals 7 in Austrittsrichtung A an keiner Stelle verringert. Wird ein genügend hartes Material gewählt, kann derart auf den Düsenstein aus härterem Material als das Material des Düsenhalters verzichtet werden.As already mentioned, is after Fig. 4 no nozzle block 3 is provided in the nozzle body 2 but is itself formed integrally in the nozzle body, wherein it has the axially extending inlet channel 4 and the obtuse angle to the inlet channel extending outlet channel 7, which has the inlet opening 8 and the outlet opening 10, wherein the diameter of the outlet channel 7 sections enlarged, such that the narrowest point of the outlet channel 7 with respect to the cross section is formed by the inlet opening 8 itself, wherein the cross-section of the outlet channel 7 is reduced over the axial length of the outlet channel 7 in the outlet direction A at any point. If a sufficiently hard material chosen, can be dispensed with the nozzle stone of harder material than the material of the nozzle holder so.

Der absolute Düsendurchmesser D1 an der Eintrittsöffnung 8 hängt ab von der Konsistenz der Feststoffphase des zu verarbeitenden Produktes. Er wird im Versuch so gewählt, dass ein konstanter Austrittsstrom aus der Auslassdüse gebildet wird. Vorzugsweise gilt für den Durchmesser D1: 0,5 mm <= D1 <= 5 mm.The absolute nozzle diameter D1 at the inlet opening 8 depends on the consistency of the solid phase of the product to be processed. It is chosen in the experiment so that a constant outlet flow is formed from the outlet nozzle. Preferably, for the diameter D1: 0.5 mm <= D1 <= 5 mm.

Vorzugsweise erfüllt das Verhältnis zwischen der axialen Länge y des Abschnitts des Austrittskanals mit konstantem Durchmesser und der gesamten axialen Länge z des Austrittskanals 7 folgende Bedingung erfüllt: y/z <= ½.Preferably, the ratio between the axial length y of the portion of the outlet channel with constant diameter and the total axial length z of the outlet channel 7 satisfies the following condition: y / z <= ½.

Der absolute Düsendurchmesser D2 an der Austrittsöffnung ist vorzugsweise deutlich größer als der Durchmesser D1 an der Eintrittsöffnung 8, insbesondere mehr als zweimal so groß.The absolute nozzle diameter D2 at the outlet opening is preferably significantly larger than the diameter D1 at the inlet opening 8, in particular more than twice as large.

Weiter bevorzugt erfüllt die axiale Länge z des Austrittskanals folgende Bedingung: 4 mm <= z <= 30 mm. Zudem ist es vorteilhaft, wenn das Verhältnis zwischen der axialen Länge y eines Abschnitts des Austrittskanals mit konstantem Durchmesser und diesem Durchmesser folgende Bedingung erfüllt: 1 <= y/ D1 <= 5.More preferably, the axial length z of the outlet channel fulfills the following condition: 4 mm <= z <= 30 mm. In addition, it is advantageous if the ratio between the axial length y of a section of the outlet channel having a constant diameter and this diameter satisfies the following condition: 1 <= y / D1 <= 5.

In diesen Bereichen wird jeweils ein besonders vorteilhaftes Betriebsverhalten erreicht. Bezugszeichen Auslassdüse 1 Düsenkörper 2 Düsenstein 3 Einlaufkanal 4 Symmetrieachse 5 Symmetrieachse 6 Auslasskanal 7 Eintrittsöffnung 8 Austrittskonus 9 Austrittsöffnung 10 Lot 11 Dichtung 12 Gewinde 13 Schleudertrommel 100 Schleuderraum 200 Trenntellerstapel 300 Trennteller 400 Zulaufrohr 500 Verteiler 600 Verteilerkanal 700 Öffnung in Trommelwand 800 Ablauf 900 Winkel α, β Durchmesser D1, D2 Radien R1, R2 Längen y, z In each of these areas, a particularly advantageous operating behavior is achieved. <B> reference numerals </ b> outlet nozzle 1 nozzle body 2 nozzle block 3 inlet channel 4 axis of symmetry 5 axis of symmetry 6 exhaust port 7 inlet opening 8th exit cone 9 outlet opening 10 solder 11 poetry 12 thread 13 centrifugal drum 100 centrifugal chamber 200 Stack of separation discs 300 separator disc 400 supply pipe 500 distributor 600 distribution channel 700 Opening in drum wall 800 procedure 900 corner α, β diameter D1, D2 radii R1, R2 lengths Y Z

Claims (13)

  1. An outlet nozzle for centrifuge drums, having a nozzle body (2)
    a. which has an inlet duct (4) running axially therein and an outlet duct (7) running at an obtuse angle to the inlet duct,
    b. wherein the outlet duct has an entry opening (8) and an exit opening (10),
    c. wherein the diameter of the outlet duct (7) increases at least in portions,
    characterized in that
    d. the narrowest point of the outlet duct (7) in terms of cross section is formed by the entry opening (8) per se, and optionally a production radius (R1) is configured on the circumferential periphery of the entry opening (8)
    e. the cross section of the outlet duct (7) across the axial length of the outlet duct (7) in the exit direction (A) is not decreased at any point, and
    f. the diameter of the outlet duct (7) being circular in the cross section increases proceeding from the entry opening (8) to the exit opening (10).
  2. The outlet nozzle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle body (2) is configured as a nozzle holder and in that a nozzle brick (3), which preferably is composed of a harder material than the nozzle body (2), is inserted into the nozzle holder, and in that the outlet duct (7) is configured with the entry opening (8) and the exit opening (10) in the nozzle brick (3) and runs axially therein.
  3. The outlet nozzle as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, proceeding from the entry opening (8) into the nozzle brick (3) to the exit opening (10), the diameter of the outlet duct (7) which in the cross section is circular increases at every point.
  4. The outlet nozzle as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross section of the outlet duct (7) across its entire axial length (3) is circular.
  5. The outlet nozzle as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, proceeding from the entry opening (8) into the nozzle brick (3) up to the exit opening (10) from the nozzle brick (3), the diameter of the outlet duct (8) constantly increases in a uniform manner.
  6. The outlet nozzle as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the following applies to the angle of conicity (β) of the outlet duct (7) in relation to the center axis (6) of the outlet duct: (β) > 5°, preferably (β) > 10°, and particularly preferably (β) > 30°.
  7. The outlet nozzle as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the following applies to the angle of conicity (β): (β) < 45°.
  8. The outlet nozzle as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter of the outlet duct (7) opens out across more than 50 percent, in particular more than 75 percent, of its axial length.
  9. The outlet nozzle as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the following applies to the smallest diameter "D1" of the outlet duct, if applicable as a continuation of a production radius (R1): 0.5 mm <= D1 <= 5 mm.
  10. The outlet nozzle as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the following condition is fulfilled: the largest diameter D2 of the outlet duct is at least twice the size of the smaller diameter D1 of the outlet duct.
  11. The outlet nozzle as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axial length Z of the exit duct (7) fulfills the following condition: 4 mm <= z <= 30 mm.
  12. The outlet nozzle as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said outlet nozzle is conceived for a single or a biconical spinner drum (100) of a separator having a vertical rotation axis, in which a product to be processed is to be clarified of solids in a continuous operation.
  13. A separator drum having a vertical rotation axis, characterized by an outlet nozzle as claimed in one or a plurality of the preceding claims.
EP13814054.6A 2012-12-05 2013-12-03 Outlet nozzle for a centrifuge drum Active EP2928613B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19152074.1A EP3488934A1 (en) 2012-12-05 2013-12-03 Outlet nozzle for a centrifuge drum

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012111801.9A DE102012111801A1 (en) 2012-12-05 2012-12-05 Outlet nozzle for a centrifuge drum
PCT/EP2013/075300 WO2014086735A2 (en) 2012-12-05 2013-12-03 Outlet nozzle for a centrifuge drum

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19152074.1A Division EP3488934A1 (en) 2012-12-05 2013-12-03 Outlet nozzle for a centrifuge drum
EP19152074.1A Division-Into EP3488934A1 (en) 2012-12-05 2013-12-03 Outlet nozzle for a centrifuge drum

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2928613A2 EP2928613A2 (en) 2015-10-14
EP2928613B1 true EP2928613B1 (en) 2019-02-27

Family

ID=49883058

Family Applications (2)

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EP13814054.6A Active EP2928613B1 (en) 2012-12-05 2013-12-03 Outlet nozzle for a centrifuge drum
EP19152074.1A Withdrawn EP3488934A1 (en) 2012-12-05 2013-12-03 Outlet nozzle for a centrifuge drum

Family Applications After (1)

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EP19152074.1A Withdrawn EP3488934A1 (en) 2012-12-05 2013-12-03 Outlet nozzle for a centrifuge drum

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US10315203B2 (en)
EP (2) EP2928613B1 (en)
CN (1) CN104837563A (en)
BR (1) BR112015012534B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102012111801A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2653827C2 (en)
TR (1) TR201907235T4 (en)
WO (1) WO2014086735A2 (en)

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EP2962762B1 (en) * 2014-07-04 2021-03-24 Andritz Frautech S.r.l. Discharge nozzle for nozzle separator
US20190099763A1 (en) * 2016-03-24 2019-04-04 Fluid-Quip, Inc. Centrifuge rotor with staggered nozzles for use in a disc nozzle centrifuge
DE102016108057B4 (en) 2016-04-29 2018-08-02 Gea Mechanical Equipment Gmbh Outlet nozzle for a centrifuge drum, centrifuge drum and assembly tool
CN108531375A (en) * 2018-04-24 2018-09-14 郭庆 A kind of bacterium solution bacterium piece-rate system
CN108424836A (en) * 2018-04-24 2018-08-21 郭庆 A kind of bacterium solution bacterium multi-stage screening apparatus

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Publication number Publication date
BR112015012534A2 (en) 2017-07-11
EP3488934A1 (en) 2019-05-29
WO2014086735A2 (en) 2014-06-12
TR201907235T4 (en) 2019-06-21
DE102012111801A1 (en) 2014-06-05
US10315203B2 (en) 2019-06-11
RU2015126091A (en) 2017-01-12
BR112015012534B1 (en) 2020-10-06
EP2928613A2 (en) 2015-10-14
WO2014086735A3 (en) 2015-04-02
CN104837563A (en) 2015-08-12
RU2653827C2 (en) 2018-05-14
US20150306606A1 (en) 2015-10-29

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