EP2352598B1 - Zentrifuge having a integrally formed separation unit - Google Patents

Zentrifuge having a integrally formed separation unit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2352598B1
EP2352598B1 EP09737440.9A EP09737440A EP2352598B1 EP 2352598 B1 EP2352598 B1 EP 2352598B1 EP 09737440 A EP09737440 A EP 09737440A EP 2352598 B1 EP2352598 B1 EP 2352598B1
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Prior art keywords
centrifuge
rotation
separator
separating
designed
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EP09737440.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2352598A1 (en
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Holger Heinrich
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GEA Mechanical Equipment GmbH
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GEA Mechanical Equipment GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/04—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with inserted separating walls
    • B04B1/08—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with inserted separating walls of conical shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
    • B04B7/08—Rotary bowls
    • B04B7/12—Inserts, e.g. armouring plates
    • B04B7/14—Inserts, e.g. armouring plates for separating walls of conical shape

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a centrifuge according to claim 1.
  • plate packages in centrifugal drums of separators.
  • these disc packages consist of a plurality of axially superimposed in the direction of the plate axis, conical plates which are arranged concentrically to the machine or drum axis.
  • the clarification of liquids or the separation of liquids of different density takes place.
  • the use of such plate packages has proven particularly useful in separators with centrifugal drums having a vertical axis of rotation and solids discharge openings in a solids space outside the plate package.
  • the discharge of the liquids takes place i.allg. in areas radially inward or radially outward to the plates of the plate package. It is also known to form discharge channels for the liquid phase (s) with the aid of bores or in another embodiment, in particular close to the inner circumference and close to the outer circumference of the plate package in the plate package.
  • a generic prior art discloses the GB 2,169,225 According to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention has the object of providing a centrifuge with an advanced separation device.
  • a centrifuge with at least one deposition body which can be produced inexpensively and uncomplicatedly is provided as a separating device.
  • the size of the deposition chambers axially in the distance of several "plate-like" intermediate walls gradually or continuously change from partition to partition wall, in particular decrease in the flow direction. It is particularly expedient if the volume decreases in the direction of flow, e.g. continuously, so that certain sections of the separation device are each optimized for very specific separation or clarification tasks, e.g. is advantageous if the product is to be clarified by a solid mixture with particles of different sizes.
  • the invention makes it possible in a special way an embodiment of the individual deposition chambers such that a flow-optimized and uniform feed takes place in the entire separation body.
  • the most optimal shape and design of the deposition chambers can be determined by the skilled person by means of experiments depending on the product. In this respect, the design options according to the invention are more diverse than when using individual plates.
  • the separator of the Fig. 2 is a product to be processed or centrifuged - a solid-liquid mixture - fed through a central inlet 2 a rotatable drum 1 with a vertical axis of rotation D, which has a centrifugal space, which is divided into a separation space 4 and a solid space 3.
  • the solid space 3 is on one side - down here - limited by an axially movable, fluid-operated spool 5, which releases or closes during its axial movements in the drum shell 6 formed ejection openings 7 for the solids.
  • a plate package 8 of stacked conical plates As a separator used in the known separator, a plate package 8 of stacked conical plates.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 to 6 schematically illustrated variants of the invention is intended to replace the plate package 8 by a one-piece separator body 12, whose shape and geometry in Fig. 1 and 3 exemplifies the equivalent of a stack of plates stacked plates.
  • the separation body 12 has according to the embodiment of Fig. 1 and 3 Wall sections 13a, b, c, ...., which are formed as conical annular wall sections (plate sections) which are aligned at an oblique angle to the axis of rotation D and axially spaced from each other.
  • wall-like webs 14 which term also in cross-section elliptical or round spacers includes) integrally connected to each other.
  • the webs 14 are in the embodiment of Fig. 1 radially aligned and circumferentially distributed between the wall portions 13a, b, c, ... formed at a uniform angular distance.
  • at least four webs, in particular six and more preferably eight webs are present.
  • Ten bars or more are also conceivable with large plate diameters.
  • the one-piece design also offers the possibility to provide only relatively few of the wall-like webs 14 due to the thereby achieved increased stability of the separation body. But there are also relatively many webs 14 providable, if this can make sense the separation task and the diameter.
  • the separation body - the in Fig. 1 is drawn simplified - much more than the illustrated three wall sections 13a - c on.
  • the function of the deposition device according to the invention in principle also that of a stack of plates known type. But it offers over a plate package more variation and customization options on the product to be processed.
  • the deposition chambers 15 can - as in the case of a disk package - be open radially inwards and outwards or have an outer and an inner discharge opening 18, 19, so that it is theoretically possible to derive the one or more liquid and optionally solid phases as in a Tellerseparator known type make.
  • the invention is not limited to such a configuration.
  • the separation body 12 it is conceivable to design the separation body 12 such that it fits on a plate holder of known design.
  • inner radially extending wall portions 21 are provided on the inner circumference of the embodiment Figure 3 .
  • the separator body 12 does not act as a spring biased in the axial direction, which simplifies assembly of the centrifuge and its construction.
  • not all of the deposition chambers 15 have the same shape or an equal volume but at least two or more different geometries to one on the respective Clarification or separation task individually to achieve exactly matched clarification and / or separation behavior.
  • the (slope) angle ⁇ to the rotation axis D of the wall sections 13a-c varies in the axial direction.
  • the wall sections could have a deviating from a conical plate shape.
  • the skew angle ⁇ radially from outside to inside is not constant but changes.
  • an inner region of the wall sections 13 could be more or less inclined to the axis of rotation than an outer region of the wall sections 13 in order to obtain an optimum centrifuge adapted to the processing product mixture.
  • inner horizontal areas of the wall sections that serve the leadership or centering but not necessarily be provided due to the single-line design (see Fig. 1 , which is particularly flow-optimized in this respect).
  • the deposition chambers 15 in a first - eg lower - axial region of the separation device for example, be made larger volume than in another - eg upper axial section to obtain, for example, in the upper section of a clarifying surface-maximized design.
  • Fig. 4 represented where the height of the chambers 15 in the axial direction in a lower region is greater than in an axially upper region.
  • the chambers 15 are from the inside radially outward in the axial direction higher, ie, their cross-section increases from the inside to the outside, so that solids from the chambers 15 can escape more easily outwardly from the chambers.
  • the deposition chambers can vary in terms of their height (ie, in terms of their axial extent).
  • the number of ribs and the orientation of these ribs within the separator may vary. All these measures serve to achieve a better coordinated behavior to the respective product to be processed.
  • the separation chambers 15 do not have the type of Fig. 1b expand radially outwards but it can also be other - in terms of each existing clarifying and / or separating task differently designed Abscheidehuntgeometrien be provided, such as those with a radially from the inside to the outside constant cross-section.
  • the deposition chambers 15 can also be circumferentially offset relative to one another in the circumferential direction from the intermediate wall plane to the intermediate wall plane in that the webs 14 are not arranged axially exactly one above the other but circumferentially offset in the different adjacent plane.
  • each separation chamber 15 In order to charge the deposition chambers 15, it makes sense to pass through the wall sections 13a - in the region of each separation chamber 15 from an opening 16 of a riser channel 17 and it makes sense to realize outflow channel geometries in the separation body 12 radially inwards.
  • the separation bodies according to the invention can be produced by a wide variety of modern production processes, wherein particularly different casting processes are suitable for production, such as the production of the separation body 12 as injection molded parts made of plastic, as metal body in particular in precision casting, as a body produced in rapid prototyping, or as a combination of metal and plastic as a composite material.
  • the separation devices of the invention type in particular - but not only - even at rather low speed below 3000 revolutions / min rotating, relatively large volume separator drums with a diameter of more than 1 m.
  • the geometry of the riser channels 17 and / or the discharge channels and or the webs 14 in the separation body need not be constant but may vary depending on the respective process parameters within the separation device.
  • the riser channels 17 are not aligned parallel to the axis of rotation D but inclined to the axis of rotation.
  • the webs 14 do not extend radially but as out Fig. 4 indicated offset to the radial.
  • the webs 14 may also describe a waveform.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Zentrifuge nach Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a centrifuge according to claim 1.

Es ist seit langem bekannt, in Schleudertrommeln von Separatoren Tellerpakete anzuordnen. In der Regel bestehen diese Tellerpakete aus einer Mehrzahl von in Richtung der Tellerachse axial übereinander liegenden, konischen Tellern, die konzentrisch zur Maschinen- bzw. Trommelachse angeordnet sind. In den Tellerspalten zwischen den einzelnen Tellern eines Tellerpaketes findet die Klärung von Flüssigkeiten bzw. die Trennung von Flüssigkeiten unterschiedlicher Dichte statt. Bewährt hat sich der Einsatz derartiger Tellerpakete insbesondere bei Separatoren mit Schleudertrommeln mit vertikaler Drehachse und Feststoffaustragsöffnungen in einem Feststoffraum außerhalb des Tellerpakets.It has long been known to arrange plate packages in centrifugal drums of separators. In general, these disc packages consist of a plurality of axially superimposed in the direction of the plate axis, conical plates which are arranged concentrically to the machine or drum axis. In the plate gaps between the individual plates of a plate package, the clarification of liquids or the separation of liquids of different density takes place. The use of such plate packages has proven particularly useful in separators with centrifugal drums having a vertical axis of rotation and solids discharge openings in a solids space outside the plate package.

Bei Separatoren mit vertikaler Drehachse erfolgt entlang der Trommelachse durch ein Zulaufrohr und diesem nachgeschaltete radiale Verteilerkanäle eine Produktzufuhr in die Schleudertrommel, wo das Produkt in das Tellerpaket aus i.allg. dicht übereinander liegenden, aber dennoch im Bereich der wesentlichen Tellerflächen relativ zueinander beabstandeten sowie in der Regel konischen (Trenn-)Tellern eintritt. An den Tellern lagern sich gegenüber der Flüssigkeit schwerere Feststoffe aufgrund der durch die Rotation wirkenden Zentrifugalkräfte i.allg. an der Unterseite ab und wandern zum Außenumfang des Tellerpakets, wohingegen die Flüssigkeit nach innen hin fließt (Zwei-Phasen-Flüssig-Fest-Separation).In separators with a vertical axis of rotation takes place along the drum axis through an inlet pipe and this downstream radial distribution channels a product feed into the centrifugal drum, where the product in the plate package of i.allg. tightly superimposed, but still in the range of essential plate surfaces relatively spaced apart and usually conical (separating) plates occurs. The plates deposit heavier solids relative to the liquid due to the centrifugal forces acting through the rotation. at the bottom and migrate to the outer periphery of the plate package, whereas the liquid flows inward (two-phase liquid-solid separation).

Insbesondere - aber nicht nur - zur Durchführung einer Flüssig-Flüssig-Fest-Separation (Drei-Phasen-Flüssig-Fest-Separation) ist es auch bekannt, das Tellerpaket mit sogenannten Steigekanälen zu versehen, welche aus übereinander liegenden Bohrungen in den Tellern des Tellerpakets gebildet werden (siehe z.B. die gattungsgemäße WO 2005/016543 ).In particular - but not only - to carry out a liquid-liquid-solid-separation (three-phase liquid-solid separation), it is also known to provide the plate package with so-called riser channels, which consist of superimposed holes in the plates of the plate package be formed (see, for example, the generic WO 2005/016543 ).

Die Ableitung der Flüssigkeiten erfolgt dabei i.allg. in Bereichen radial innen bzw. radial außen zu den Tellern des Tellerpakets. Es ist auch bekannt, mit Hilfe von Bohrungen oder in anderer Ausgestaltung insbesondere nahe zum Innenumfang sowie nahe zum Außenumfang des Tellerpakets im Tellerpaket Ableitungskanäle für die Flüssigkeitsphase(n) auszubilden.The discharge of the liquids takes place i.allg. in areas radially inward or radially outward to the plates of the plate package. It is also known to form discharge channels for the liquid phase (s) with the aid of bores or in another embodiment, in particular close to the inner circumference and close to the outer circumference of the plate package in the plate package.

Bekannt ist es auch, die Teller mit so genannten Abstandshaltern nach Art von Stegen und/oder kleinen Spitzen (Punkten) zu versehen, die einerseits für eine Beabstandung der Teller voneinander sorgen und andererseits die Strömungsverhältnisse im Tellerpaket beeinflussen. Gehalten werden die Teller i.allg. in Nuten an einem Verteilerschaft oder in sonstigen Tellerhaltern.It is also known to provide the plates with so-called spacers in the manner of webs and / or small points (points), on the one hand provide for a spacing of the plates from each other and on the other hand influence the flow conditions in the plate package. The plates are kept i.allg. in grooves on a distributor shaft or in other plate holders.

Einen gattungsgemäßen Stand der Technik offenbart die GB 2,169,225 gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Die Erfindung hat demgegenüber die Aufgabe, eine Zentrifuge mit einer weiterentwickelten Abscheidevorrichtung zu schaffen.A generic prior art discloses the GB 2,169,225 According to the preamble of claim 1. The invention has the object of providing a centrifuge with an advanced separation device.

Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe durch den Gegenstand des Anspruchs 1. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.The invention solves this problem by the subject matter of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are given in the dependent claims.

Mit Hilfe der Erfindung wird zum einen eine Zentrifuge mit wenigstens einem günstig und unkompliziert herstellbaren Abscheidekörper als Abscheidevorrichtung geschaffen.With the aid of the invention, on the one hand, a centrifuge with at least one deposition body which can be produced inexpensively and uncomplicatedly is provided as a separating device.

Darüber hinaus ist es mit Hilfe der Erfindung möglich, die Strömungsverhältnisse in der Zentrifuge auf einfache Weise zu optimieren und besonders gut an das zu verarbeitende Produkt anzupassen.In addition, it is possible with the aid of the invention to optimize the flow conditions in the centrifuge in a simple manner and to adapt particularly well to the product to be processed.

Dies ist dadurch erreichbar, dass die Größe der Abscheidekammern und/oder deren Ausrichtung - in Abhängigkeit von der jeweils bestehenden Trenn- und/oder Kläraufgabe - innerhalb des Abscheidekörpers variiert.This can be achieved by the fact that the size of the deposition chambers and / or their orientation - depending on the particular separation and / or Kläraedgabe - varies within the Abscheidekörpers.

Beispielsweise kann sich die Größe der Abscheidekammern axial im Abstand mehrerer "tellerartiger" Zwischenwände stufenweise oder von Zwischenwand zu Zwischenwand kontinuierlich verändern, insbesondere in Strömungsrichtung abnehmen. Ganz besonders zweckmäßig ist es, wenn das Volumen in Strömungsrichtung abnimmt, z.B. kontinuierlich, so dass bestimmte Abschnitte der Abscheidevorrichtung jeweils für ganz bestimmte Trenn- oder Kläraufgaben optimiert sind, was z.B. von Vorteil ist, wenn das Produkt von einem Feststoffgemisch mit Partikeln verschiedener Größe zu klären ist.For example, the size of the deposition chambers axially in the distance of several "plate-like" intermediate walls gradually or continuously change from partition to partition wall, in particular decrease in the flow direction. It is particularly expedient if the volume decreases in the direction of flow, e.g. continuously, so that certain sections of the separation device are each optimized for very specific separation or clarification tasks, e.g. is advantageous if the product is to be clarified by a solid mixture with particles of different sizes.

Die Erfindung ermöglicht insofern in besonderer Weise eine Ausgestaltung der einzelnen Abscheidekammern derart, dass eine strömungsoptimierte und gleichmäßige Beschickung im gesamten Abscheidekörper erfolgt. Die jeweils optimalste Form und Auslegung der Abscheidekammern kann der Fachmann durch Versuche produktabhängig ermitteln. Insofern sind die konstruktiven Möglichkeiten erfindungsgemäß vielfältiger als beim Einsatz einzelner Teller.The invention makes it possible in a special way an embodiment of the individual deposition chambers such that a flow-optimized and uniform feed takes place in the entire separation body. The most optimal shape and design of the deposition chambers can be determined by the skilled person by means of experiments depending on the product. In this respect, the design options according to the invention are more diverse than when using individual plates.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezug auf die Zeichnung näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Fig.1a-c
verschiedene Ansichten einer erfindungsgemäßen Abscheidevorrichtung;
Fig. 2
eine Schnittansicht eines bekannten Separators;
Fig.3a, b
eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere erfindungsgemäße Abscheidevorrichtung und eine teilgeschnittene perspektivische Ansicht dieser Abscheidevorrichtung; und
Fig. 4 - 6
weitere teilgeschnittene perspektivische Ansichten erfindungsgemäßer Abscheidevorrichtungen.
The invention will be described with reference to an embodiment with reference to the drawings. Show it:
1a-c
different views of a separation device according to the invention;
Fig. 2
a sectional view of a known separator;
Fig.3a, b
a plan view of a further inventive deposition and a partially cutaway perspective view of this separator; and
Fig. 4-6
further partially cutaway perspective views of inventive separation devices.

Dem Separator der Fig. 2 wird ein zu verarbeitendes Produkt bzw. Schleudergut - ein Feststoff-Flüssigkeitsgemisch - durch einen mittigen Einlauf 2 einer drehbaren Trommel 1 mit vertikaler Drehachse D zugeführt, die einen Schleuderraum aufweist, der sich in einen Trennraum 4 und einen Feststoffraum 3 unterteilt.The separator of the Fig. 2 is a product to be processed or centrifuged - a solid-liquid mixture - fed through a central inlet 2 a rotatable drum 1 with a vertical axis of rotation D, which has a centrifugal space, which is divided into a separation space 4 and a solid space 3.

Der Feststoffraum 3 wird einseitig - hier nach unten hin - von einem axial beweglichen, fluidbetätigten Kolbenschieber 5 begrenzt, der bei seinen axialen Bewegungen im Trommelmantel 6 ausgebildete Auswurföffnungen 7 für die Feststoffe freigibt bzw. verschließt.The solid space 3 is on one side - down here - limited by an axially movable, fluid-operated spool 5, which releases or closes during its axial movements in the drum shell 6 formed ejection openings 7 for the solids.

Als Abscheidevorrichtung dient bei dem bekannten Separator ein Tellerpaket 8 aus übereinander gestapelten konischen Tellern.As a separator used in the known separator, a plate package 8 of stacked conical plates.

Die Ableitung einer leichteren und einer schwereren Flüssigkeitsphase erfolgen an Schälscheiben 9, 10, wobei die leichtere Phase radial nach innen hin aus dem Tellerpaket abgeleitet wird und die schwerere Flüssigkeitsphase außen aus dem Tellerpaket 8 über einen Scheideteller 11 abgeleitet wird.The derivation of a lighter and a heavier liquid phase carried on peeling discs 9, 10, wherein the lighter phase is derived radially inwardly out of the disk package and the heavier liquid phase is discharged externally from the disk package 8 via a separator plate 11.

Nach den in Fig. 1 und 2 bis 6 schematisch dargestellten Varianten der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, das Tellerpaket 8 durch einen einstückigen Abscheidekörper 12 zu ersetzen, dessen Form und Geometrie in Fig. 1 und 3 beispielhaft der eines Tellerstapels aus übereinander gestapelten Tellern entspricht.After the in Fig. 1 and 2 to 6 schematically illustrated variants of the invention is intended to replace the plate package 8 by a one-piece separator body 12, whose shape and geometry in Fig. 1 and 3 exemplifies the equivalent of a stack of plates stacked plates.

Der Abscheidekörper 12 weist nach dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 und 3 Wandabschnitte 13a, b, c, .... auf, die als konische Ringwandabschnitte (Tellerabschnitte) ausgebildet sind, welche unter einem schrägen Winkel zur Drehachse D ausgerichtet und axial zueinander beabstandet sind.The separation body 12 has according to the embodiment of Fig. 1 and 3 Wall sections 13a, b, c, ...., which are formed as conical annular wall sections (plate sections) which are aligned at an oblique angle to the axis of rotation D and axially spaced from each other.

In axialer Richtung sind diese Wandabschnitte 13a, b, b... durch wandartige Stege 14 (wobei dieser Begriff auch im Querschnitt elliptische oder runde Abstandselemente umfasst) einstückig miteinander verbunden. Die Stege 14 sind bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 radial ausgerichtet und in einem gleichmäßigen Winkelabstand umfangsverteilt zwischen den Wandabschnitten 13a, b, c, ...ausgebildet. Hierbei sind mindestens vier Stege, insbesondere sechs und besonders bevorzugt acht Stege vorhanden. Zehn Stege oder mehr sind bei großen Tellerdurchmessern ebenfalls denkbar. Die einstückige Ausgestaltung bietet aufgrund der dadurch erzielbaren erhöhten Stabilität des Abscheidekörpers auch die Möglichkeit dazu, nur relativ wenige der wandartigen Stege 14 vorzusehen. Es sind aber auch relativ viele Stege 14 vorsehbar, wenn dies die Trennaufgabe und der Durchmesser sinnvoll erscheinen lassen.In the axial direction of these wall sections 13a, b, b ... by wall-like webs 14 (which term also in cross-section elliptical or round spacers includes) integrally connected to each other. The webs 14 are in the embodiment of Fig. 1 radially aligned and circumferentially distributed between the wall portions 13a, b, c, ... formed at a uniform angular distance. Here, at least four webs, in particular six and more preferably eight webs are present. Ten bars or more are also conceivable with large plate diameters. The one-piece design also offers the possibility to provide only relatively few of the wall-like webs 14 due to the thereby achieved increased stability of the separation body. But there are also relatively many webs 14 providable, if this can make sense the separation task and the diameter.

Damit werden jeweils zwischen oberen und unteren zueinander benachbarten Wandabschnitten - in Fig. 1 zwischen den Wandabschnitten 13a sowie 13b, c sowie jeweils zwischen zwei der in Umfangsrichtung benachbarten Stege 14 Abscheidekammern 15 ausgebildet. Die Abscheidekammern 15 sind insofern in Umfangsrichtung jeweils von den Stegen 14 begrenzt.This is between each upper and lower adjacent wall sections - in Fig. 1 between the wall portions 13a and 13b, c and each between two of the circumferentially adjacent webs 14 deposition chambers 15 is formed. The deposition chambers 15 are limited in the circumferential direction in each case by the webs 14.

Vorzugsweise weist der Abscheidekörper - der in Fig. 1 vereinfacht gezeichnet ist - sehr viel mehr als die dargestellten drei Wandabschnitte 13a - c auf.Preferably, the separation body - the in Fig. 1 is drawn simplified - much more than the illustrated three wall sections 13a - c on.

Analog zu dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 kann im Bereich wenigstens einer, mehrerer oder jeder der Abscheidekammern 15 jeweils ein den Abscheidekörper axial durchsetzender Steigekanal 17 ausgebildet sein (siehe auch Fig. 3).Analogous to the embodiment of the Fig. 1 In the region of at least one, several or each of the deposition chambers 15, in each case one rising channel 17 penetrating the separation body can be formed (see also FIG Fig. 3 ).

Es ist derart möglich, die Hüllkontur eines Tellerpaktes oder zumindest eines axialen Tellerpaketabschnitts bekannter Bauart quasi genau nachzubilden. Damit ist die Funktion der erfindungsgemäßen Abscheidevorrichtung im Prinzip auch die eines Tellerstapels bekannter Art. Sie bietet aber gegenüber einem Tellerpaket mehr Variations- und Anpassungsmöglichkeiten an das zu verarbeitende Produkt.It is thus possible to replicate the envelope contour of a plate pact or at least an axial plate packet portion of known design quasi exactly. Thus, the function of the deposition device according to the invention in principle also that of a stack of plates known type. But it offers over a plate package more variation and customization options on the product to be processed.

Die Abscheidekammern 15 können - wie bei einem Tellerpaket - radial nach innen und außen hin offen sein bzw. eine äußere und eine innere Ablauföffnung 18, 19 aufweisen, so dass es theoretisch möglich ist, die Ableitung der einen oder mehreren Flüssigkeits- und ggf. Feststoffphasen wie bei einem Tellerseparator bekannter Bauart vorzunehmen.The deposition chambers 15 can - as in the case of a disk package - be open radially inwards and outwards or have an outer and an inner discharge opening 18, 19, so that it is theoretically possible to derive the one or more liquid and optionally solid phases as in a Tellerseparator known type make.

Die Erfindung ist aber nicht auf eine derartige Ausgestaltung beschränkt.The invention is not limited to such a configuration.

So ist es denkbar, den Abscheidekörper 12 derart auszugestalten, dass er auf eine Tellerhalterung bekannter Bauart passt. Dazu sind z.B. am inneren Umfang der Ausgestaltung nach Fig.3 innere sich radial erstreckende Wandabschnitte 21 vorgesehen.Thus, it is conceivable to design the separation body 12 such that it fits on a plate holder of known design. For this purpose, for example, on the inner circumference of the embodiment Figure 3 inner radially extending wall portions 21 are provided.

Nach einer weiteren Alternative ist es aber auch denkbar, an dem Abscheidekörper 12 direkt einen Verteilerschaft 20 (siehe Fig. 2) oder einen ganzen Verteiler anzuformen.According to a further alternative, it is also conceivable, at the separation body 12 directly a distributor shaft 20 (see Fig. 2 ) or to mold an entire distributor.

Anders als ein Tellerpaket wirkt der Abscheidekörper 12 nicht als in axialer Richtung vorgespannte Feder, was die Montage der Zentrifuge und deren Aufbau vereinfacht.Unlike a plate package, the separator body 12 does not act as a spring biased in the axial direction, which simplifies assembly of the centrifuge and its construction.

Es ist denkbar, dass in einer Zentrifuge ein oder aber zwei oder mehr Abscheidekörper 12 einzusetzen, so dass sie axial aneinander gesetzt werden, wobei jede der Abscheidevorrichtungen jeweils zwar mehrere Abscheidekammern und Wandabschnitte 13a - 13c beinhaltet, aber insgesamt doch nur einen axialen Teilbereich der bekannten Tellerstapelhöhe belegt.It is conceivable that in one centrifuge one or two or more separating bodies 12 are used, so that they are placed axially against one another, each of the separating devices in each case having a plurality of separating chambers and wall sections 13a-13c, but altogether only an axial portion of the known ones Plate stack height occupied.

Darüber hinaus ist es erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass nicht sämtliche der Abscheidekammern 15 die gleiche Form oder ein gleiches Volumen aufweisen sondern zumindest zwei oder mehr verschiedene Geometrien, um ein auf die jeweilige Klär- oder Trennaufgabe individuell genau abgestimmtes Klär- und/oder Trennverhalten zu erzielen.Moreover, it is inventively provided that not all of the deposition chambers 15 have the same shape or an equal volume but at least two or more different geometries to one on the respective Clarification or separation task individually to achieve exactly matched clarification and / or separation behavior.

Dies ist beispielsweise dadurch realisierbar, dass die Dicke und/oder der Abstand der Wandabschnitte 13a - c in axialer und/oder radialer Richtung variiert.This can be realized, for example, in that the thickness and / or the spacing of the wall sections 13a-c varies in the axial and / or radial direction.

Es ist zudem denkbar, dass der (Böschungs-)Winkel α zur Drehachse D der Wandabschnitte 13a - c in axialer Richtung variiert. So könnten die Wandabschnitte eine von einem konischen Teller abweichende Formgebung aufweisen. Denkbar wäre es beispielsweise, dass der Schrägheitswinkel α radial von außen nach innen nicht konstant ist sondern sich verändert. So könnte ein innerer Bereich der Wandabschnitte 13 stärker oder weniger stärker zur Drehachse geneigt sein als ein äußerer Bereich der Wandabschnitte 13, um derart eine optimaler an das verarbeitende Produktgemisch angepasste Zentrifuge zu erhalten. Nach Fig.3 gibt es anders als in Fig. 1 auch innere horizontale Bereiche der Wandabschnitte, die der Führung oder Zentrierung dienen, die aber aufgrund der einzeiligen Ausgestaltung nicht zwingend vorgesehen sein müssen (siehe Fig. 1, welche insofern besonders strömungsoptimiert ist).It is also conceivable that the (slope) angle α to the rotation axis D of the wall sections 13a-c varies in the axial direction. Thus, the wall sections could have a deviating from a conical plate shape. It would be conceivable, for example, that the skew angle α radially from outside to inside is not constant but changes. Thus, an inner region of the wall sections 13 could be more or less inclined to the axis of rotation than an outer region of the wall sections 13 in order to obtain an optimum centrifuge adapted to the processing product mixture. To Figure 3 is different than in Fig. 1 Also, inner horizontal areas of the wall sections that serve the leadership or centering, but not necessarily be provided due to the single-line design (see Fig. 1 , which is particularly flow-optimized in this respect).

Nach einer bevorzugten Variante könnten die Abscheidekammern 15 in einem ersten - z.B. unteren - axialen Bereich der Abscheidevorrichtung z.B. großvolumiger ausgestaltet werden als in einem anderen - z.B. oberen axialen Abschnitt, um z.B. im oberen Abschnitt eine klärflächenmaximierte Auslegung zu erhalten. Dies ist in Fig. 4 dargestellt, wo die Höhe der Kammern 15 in axialer Richtung in einem unteren Bereich größer ist als in einem axial oberen Bereich.According to a preferred variant, the deposition chambers 15 in a first - eg lower - axial region of the separation device, for example, be made larger volume than in another - eg upper axial section to obtain, for example, in the upper section of a clarifying surface-maximized design. This is in Fig. 4 represented where the height of the chambers 15 in the axial direction in a lower region is greater than in an axially upper region.

Nach Fig. 5 werden die Kammern 15 von innen radial nach außen in axialer Richtung hin höher, d.h. ihr Querschnitt nimmt von Innen nach Außen hin zu, so dass Feststoffe aus den Kammern 15 leichter nach außen aus den Kammern austreten können.To Fig. 5 the chambers 15 are from the inside radially outward in the axial direction higher, ie, their cross-section increases from the inside to the outside, so that solids from the chambers 15 can escape more easily outwardly from the chambers.

Dabei können die Abscheidekammern hinsichtlich ihrer Höhe (d.h. hinsichtlich ihrer axialen Erstreckung) variieren. Zudem können die Anzahl der Rippen und die Ausrichtung dieser Rippen innerhalb der Abscheidevorrichtung variieren.
Alle diese Maßnahmen dienen dazu, ein besser auf das jeweilige zu verarbeitende Produkt optimaler abgestimmtes Verhalten zu erzielen.The deposition chambers can vary in terms of their height (ie, in terms of their axial extent). In addition, the number of ribs and the orientation of these ribs within the separator may vary.
All these measures serve to achieve a better coordinated behavior to the respective product to be processed.

Zudem müssen sich die Abscheidekammern 15 nicht nach Art der Fig. 1b radial nach außen aufweiten sondern es können auch andere -in Hinsicht auf die jeweils bestehende Klär- und/oder Trennaufgabe anders ausgelegte Abscheidekammergeometrien vorgesehen sein, so solche mit einem radial von innen nach außen konstanten Querschnitt.In addition, the separation chambers 15 do not have the type of Fig. 1b expand radially outwards but it can also be other - in terms of each existing clarifying and / or separating task differently designed Abscheidekammergeometrien be provided, such as those with a radially from the inside to the outside constant cross-section.

Die Abscheidekammern 15 können auch in Umfangsrichtung von Zwischenwandebene zu Zwischenwandebene umfangsversetzt zueinander angeordnet sein, indem die Stege 14 nicht axial genau übereinander sondern in den verschiedenen benachbarten Ebene umfangsversetzt angeordnet werden.The deposition chambers 15 can also be circumferentially offset relative to one another in the circumferential direction from the intermediate wall plane to the intermediate wall plane in that the webs 14 are not arranged axially exactly one above the other but circumferentially offset in the different adjacent plane.

Um die Abscheidekammern 15 zu beschicken, bietet es sich an, die Wandabschnitte 13a - im Bereich jeder Abscheidekammer 15 von einer Öffnung 16 eines Steigekanals 17 zu durchsetzen und es ist sinnvoll, radial nach innen hin Abflusskanalgeometrien im Abscheidekörper 12 zu realisieren.In order to charge the deposition chambers 15, it makes sense to pass through the wall sections 13a - in the region of each separation chamber 15 from an opening 16 of a riser channel 17 and it makes sense to realize outflow channel geometries in the separation body 12 radially inwards.

Herstellbar sind die erfindungsgemäßen Abscheidekörper durch verschiedenste moderne Fertigungsverfahren, wobei besonders verschiedene gießtechnische Verfahren zur Herstellung geeignet sind, so die Herstellung des Abscheidekörper 12 als Spritzgußteile aus Kunststoff, als Metallkörper insbesondere im Feinguß, als im Rapid Prototyping hergestellte Körper, oder auch als Kombination von Metall und Kunststoff als Verbundwerkstoff.The separation bodies according to the invention can be produced by a wide variety of modern production processes, wherein particularly different casting processes are suitable for production, such as the production of the separation body 12 as injection molded parts made of plastic, as metal body in particular in precision casting, as a body produced in rapid prototyping, or as a combination of metal and plastic as a composite material.

Einsetzbar sind die Abscheidevorrichtungen erfindungsgemäßer Art insbesondere - aber nicht nur - auch bei eher mit geringerer Drehzahl unterhalb 3000 Umdrehungen /min rotierenden, relativ großvolumigen Separatortrommeln mit einem Durchmesser von mehr als 1 m.Can be used, the separation devices of the invention type in particular - but not only - even at rather low speed below 3000 revolutions / min rotating, relatively large volume separator drums with a diameter of more than 1 m.

Auch die Geometrie der Steigekanäle 17 und/oder der Ableitungskanäle und oder der Stege 14 im Abscheidekörper muß nicht konstant sein sondern kann in Abhängigkeit von den jeweiligen Prozessparametern innerhalb der Abscheidevorrichtung variieren.Also, the geometry of the riser channels 17 and / or the discharge channels and or the webs 14 in the separation body need not be constant but may vary depending on the respective process parameters within the separation device.

So sind nach Fig. 6 die Steigekanäle 17 nicht parallel zur Drehachse D ausgerichtet sondern geneigt zur Drehachse. Analog erstrecken sich die Stege 14 nicht radial sondern wie aus Fig. 4 angedeutet versetzt zur Radialen. Die Stege 14 können auch eine Kurvenform beschreiben.So are after Fig. 6 the riser channels 17 are not aligned parallel to the axis of rotation D but inclined to the axis of rotation. Similarly, the webs 14 do not extend radially but as out Fig. 4 indicated offset to the radial. The webs 14 may also describe a waveform.

In diesem Zusammenhang sei noch auf die US 993,791 verwiesen, aus der eine Kammerzentrifuge ohne Feststoffaustragsöffnungen bekannt ist, bei welcher sich der Durchmesser der Bohrungen innerhalb eines Tellerpaktes verändert oder die Ausrichtung der Öffnungen von Teller zu Teller verändert wird, indem z.B. am Schaft eine zur Drehachse geneigte Tellerhalterungskontur angeordnet ist. Bezugszeichen Einlauf 1 Trommel 2 Schleuderraum 2 Trennraum 3 Feststoffraum 4 Kolbenschieber 5 Trommelmantel 6 Auswurföffnungen 7 Tellerpaket 8 Schälscheiben 9, 10 Scheideteller 11 Abscheidekörper 12 Wandabschnitte 13a - c Stege 14 Ab scheidekammern 15 Öffnung 16 Steigekanal 17 Ablauföffnungen 18, 19 Verteilerschaft 20 Drehachse D In this connection is still on the US 993,791 referenced, from which a chamber centrifuge without Feststoffaustragsöffnungen is known, in which the diameter of the holes changed within a Tellerpaktes or the orientation of the openings is changed from plate to plate by, for example, on the shaft inclined to the rotational axis plate holder contour is arranged. <B> reference numerals </ b> enema 1 drum 2 centrifugal chamber 2 separating space 3 Solid space 4 spool 5 drum shell 6 ejection openings 7 Disc stack 8th peeling discs 9, 10 separating disk 11 collecting bodies 12 wall sections 13a - c Stege 14 From the custodial chambers 15 opening 16 rising channel 17 drain holes 18, 19 distributing shaft 20 axis of rotation D

Claims (17)

  1. Centrifuge comprising a drum (2) rotatable about a axis of rotation, in particular a separator with a vertical axis of rotation (D), in which at least one integrally formed separating device (12) is arranged which supports a clarifying and/or separating process and which comprises at least two or more wall sections (13a-c) spaced axially from one another and oriented obliquely to the axis of rotation, and a plurality of webs (14) axially connecting the wall sections (13a-c), wherein the wall sections (13) and the webs (14) delimit separating chambers (15), each having at least one radially outer and at least one radially further inner drain opening (18, 19), characterized in that the separating chambers (15) of the separating device (12) at least partially have a different volume in order to achieve a clarification and/or separation behavior precisely adjusted to the respective clarifying or separating task.
  2. Centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall sections (13a-c) of the integrally formed separating device (15) are formed as annular wall sections which are aligned at an oblique angle to the axis of rotation (D) and are axially spaced from each other, or that the wall sections (13a-c) are formed as conical annular wall sections.
  3. Centrifuge according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the webs (14) are radially aligned and are formed in a circumferentially distributed manner at a uniform angular distance between the wall sections (13).
  4. Centrifuge, in particular a centrifuge designed as a separator with a vertical axis of rotation, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the volume of the separating chambers (15) decreases axially from bottom to top.
  5. Centrifuge, in particular a centrifuge designed as a separator with a vertical axis of rotation, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the region of at least one, several or each of the separating chambers (15) a riser channel (17) penetrating the separating body (12) is formed in each case for feeding the separating chambers (15) with product to be processed.
  6. Centrifuge, in particular a centrifuge designed as a separator with a vertical axis of rotation, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separating body (12) has the envelope contour of a plate stack of several stacked separator plates and that the separating body (12) is designed such that it can be placed on a plate holder for a plate stack.
  7. Centrifuge, in particular a centrifuge designed as a separator with a vertical axis of rotation, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a distributor or at least a portion of a distributor is integrally formed on the separating body (12) directly.
  8. Centrifuge, in particular a centrifuge designed as a separator with a vertical axis of rotation, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance of the wall sections (13a-c) varies in the axial and/or radial direction.
  9. Centrifuge, in particular a centrifuge designed as a separator with a vertical axis of rotation, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall sections at least partially have a different angle (α) to the axis of rotation (D), and/or that the separating chambers (15) are designed with a larger volume in a first axial and/or radial region of the separating body (12) than in another axial and/or radial section.
  10. Centrifuge, in particular a centrifuge designed as a separator with a vertical axis of rotation, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the number of webs (14) of the separating body (12) varies from one axial wall section plane to the next axial wall section plane.
  11. Centrifuge, in particular a centrifuge designed as a separator with a vertical axis of rotation, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the webs (14) are radially aligned or that the webs (14) are not radially aligned.
  12. Centrifuge, in particular a centrifuge designed as a separator with a vertical axis of rotation, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the webs (14) have an arc shape.
  13. Centrifuge, in particular a centrifuge designed as a separator with a vertical axis of rotation, according to one of the preceding claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the diameter of the at least one riser channel (17) is not constant and/or that the at least one riser channel (17) and/or the webs (14) is/are arranged inclined to the axis of rotation of the drum.
  14. Centrifuge, in particular a centrifuge designed as a separator with a vertical axis of rotation, according to one of the preceding claims 7 to 13, characterized in that the diameter of the riser channels decreases from wall section to wall section.
  15. Centrifuge, in particular a centrifuge designed as a separator with a vertical axis of rotation, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separating body has at least one drainage channel.
  16. Centrifuge, in particular a centrifuge designed as a separator with a vertical axis of rotation, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separating body is formed as an integral body made by a casting method or that the separating body (12) is designed as an injection molded part or that the separating body (12) is formed as a body manufactured in rapid prototyping.
  17. Centrifuge, in particular a centrifuge designed as a separator with a vertical axis of rotation, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separating body (12) consists of metal or that the separating body (12) consists of plastic.
EP09737440.9A 2008-10-22 2009-10-22 Zentrifuge having a integrally formed separation unit Active EP2352598B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008052630A DE102008052630A1 (en) 2008-10-22 2008-10-22 centrifuge
PCT/EP2009/063863 WO2010046425A1 (en) 2008-10-22 2009-10-22 Centrifuge with one-piece separating device

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EP2352598A1 EP2352598A1 (en) 2011-08-10
EP2352598B1 true EP2352598B1 (en) 2018-05-02

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DE (1) DE102008052630A1 (en)
TR (1) TR201810232T4 (en)
WO (1) WO2010046425A1 (en)

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DE102012105499A1 (en) 2012-06-25 2014-01-02 Gea Mechanical Equipment Gmbh separator
EP3148701B1 (en) 2014-05-28 2021-11-24 GEA Mechanical Equipment GmbH Separator
WO2015181177A1 (en) 2014-05-28 2015-12-03 Gea Mechanical Equipment Gmbh Separator
DE102014118289A1 (en) 2014-12-10 2016-06-16 Gea Mechanical Equipment Gmbh separator
DE102015101344A1 (en) 2015-01-29 2016-08-04 Gea Mechanical Equipment Gmbh separator
DE102015103665A1 (en) 2015-03-12 2016-09-15 Gea Mechanical Equipment Gmbh separator
DE102015117375A1 (en) 2015-10-13 2017-04-13 Gea Mechanical Equipment Gmbh separator

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2169225A (en) * 1985-01-04 1986-07-09 Mecanique Generale Societe Ind Centrifugal separator

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US993791A (en) 1905-08-19 1911-05-30 Gustaf Oscar Wallenberg Liner for centrifugal liquid-separators.
US5637217A (en) * 1995-01-25 1997-06-10 Fleetguard, Inc. Self-driven, cone-stack type centrifuge
ATE305336T1 (en) * 2000-04-03 2005-10-15 Mann & Hummel Gmbh CENTRIFUGE WITH AXIALLY ALIGNED DEPOSIT SURFACES
US7410457B2 (en) 2003-08-08 2008-08-12 Westfalia Separator Ag Separator with a disc stack with rising channels and non-radial distributor channels
SE530690C2 (en) * 2006-04-04 2008-08-12 Alfa Laval Corp Ab Rotor unit for a centrifugal separator

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2169225A (en) * 1985-01-04 1986-07-09 Mecanique Generale Societe Ind Centrifugal separator

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EP2352598A1 (en) 2011-08-10
WO2010046425A1 (en) 2010-04-29
DE102008052630A1 (en) 2010-04-29
TR201810232T4 (en) 2018-08-27

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