EP2920539B1 - Ensemble de ventilation - Google Patents

Ensemble de ventilation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2920539B1
EP2920539B1 EP13853872.3A EP13853872A EP2920539B1 EP 2920539 B1 EP2920539 B1 EP 2920539B1 EP 13853872 A EP13853872 A EP 13853872A EP 2920539 B1 EP2920539 B1 EP 2920539B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
channels
heat exchanger
ventilation assembly
assembly according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13853872.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2920539A4 (fr
EP2920539A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Wallin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
R-Vent Group BV
Original Assignee
R-Vent Group BV
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2920539A1 publication Critical patent/EP2920539A1/fr
Publication of EP2920539A4 publication Critical patent/EP2920539A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2920539B1 publication Critical patent/EP2920539B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
    • F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
    • F24F12/002—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using an intermediate heat-transfer fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F17/00—Removing ice or water from heat-exchange apparatus
    • F28F17/005—Means for draining condensates from heat exchangers, e.g. from evaporators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
    • F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
    • F24F12/006—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using an air-to-air heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/22—Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate
    • F24F13/222—Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate for evacuating condensate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/0035—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using evaporation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/14—Collecting or removing condensed and defrost water; Drip trays
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D5/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, using the cooling effect of natural or forced evaporation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F28F3/042—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element
    • F28F3/046—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element the deformations being linear, e.g. corrugations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0014—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from waste air or from vapors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2245/00—Coatings; Surface treatments
    • F28F2245/04—Coatings; Surface treatments hydrophobic

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ventilation assembly.
  • SE 534 398 C2 which can be considered as the closest prior art, discloses a ventilation assembly comprising: a heat exchanger; a collecting vessel; a mist generator; and a drainage channel being connected to said collecting vessel, wherein the condensate collected in said collecting vessel is converted to an aerosol by said mist generator and said aerosol is introduced into the inlet stream under conditions of dry inlet air.
  • heat exchangers In order to obtain maximum heat recovery from outgoing in-house air when having a balanced housing ventilation most often heat exchangers are used having parallel, vertically arranged plates, e.g. made from thin plastic or aluminum, and wherein the heat exchanging surface is maximized by designing the plates with channels with outgoing in-house air (exhaust air) and incoming air from the outside (intake air) in counter-flow.
  • a usual geometry is a plate thickness of 0.1 - 0.5 mm, a distance between the plates 1.5 - 5 mm and a channel width (channel height) of 2 - 5 mm.
  • the moisture of the room air will condense in the exhaust air channels of the heat exchanger and will sometimes cause clogging of water droplets resulting in an increase of the air resistance at the exhaust air side of the heat exchanger.
  • the condensate will freeze in the room air channels of the heat exchanger so that efficiency deteriorating measures have to be taken, such as introducing additional electric heating in the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger may give an undesired heating of the intake air through heat transfer from warm exhaust air, which has been heated by people and equipment indoors.
  • a frequent solution to this problem is to arrange a thermostatically or manually operated by-pass channel for the exhaust air, internally in the ventilation assembly or as an addition to the assembly. This will, however, result in a more complicated and thus more bulky and more cost demanding construction, while at the same time the need for occasional cooling of the intake air, if the temperature outside is high, remains. Further, during certain temperature and moisture conditions a clogging of water droplets might occur on the intake air side of the heat exchanger with accompanying increase of the air resistance.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by a ventilation assembly according to claim 1.
  • Fig. 1A shows a first heat exchanger 25, which comprises a number of pleated plates 1, which are mounted between smooth plates 2.
  • the pleated plates 1 can in principal also be comprised of a larger number of thin ribs, being arranged to form an angle in relation to each other, in order to build up the pleated structure.
  • two sets of adjacent channels 5, 6 for outgoing room air (exhaust air) and incoming outside air (intake air).
  • the pleated plate 1 has at least one flattening 26 forming drainage channels 4 for condensation water, one on each side of the flattening 26, for the two sets of channels 5,6.
  • the drainage channels 4 might have varying designs, having in common that the two sets of channels 5, 6 remain closed in relation to each other, so that the two air streams with exhaust air and intake air, respectively, are not mixed.
  • the object of the drainage channels 4 is that condensed moisture from the respective air stream shall be led from the channels 5, 6 to the respective drainage channel 4, and flow to a collecting vessel 19.
  • the drainage channels 4 are therefore advantageously upright, preferably substantially vertical, while the channels 5, 6 preferably form an angle with a horizontal plane, so that droplets of condensed moisture in the channels 5, 6 are made to flow in a direction towards one or the drainage channels 4.
  • the condensate droplets arrive at some of the drainage channels 4 they will flow downwards along the flattening 26 or some of the other walls in the drainage channel 4, and finally be guided down into a collecting vessel 19 (see Fig. 4 ). Condensate will fall out both in contact with the walls of the channels 5, 6 and in contact with the walls of the drainage channels 4, but irrespective of where the condensation takes place, the condensate shall be guided to the collecting vessel 19.
  • Fig. 1B shows a second heat exchanger with plates 1 with pleats or cavities, mounted in such a way that channels 5 for outgoing room air and 6 for incoming outside air lying adjacent to each other are formed between the plates.
  • the plates 1 according to the invention shown here also have a flattening 4 forming vertical drainage channels for condensed water.
  • the pleated plate or plates 1 are surrounded by external, smooth plates 2, which are not shown in Fig. 1B .
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross section in a horizontal plane through the area around the flattening 4 and shows how the room air (exhaust air) 5A, and the incoming outside air (intake air) 6A in counter flow are fed on either side of the flattened part 26 of the heat exchanger plate 1.
  • the two air streams 5A, 6A are somewhat displaced in view of each other in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, and they are separated so that the air streams 5A, 6A are not mixed with each other. In that way an efficient transport of two air volumes take place, so that an exchange of the air in the ventilated space takes place.
  • Fig. 3A shows a planar view of the room air side (exhaust air side) of a heat exchanger plate 1.
  • the upper and lower edges 8, 27 and the channels 5, 6 of the plate 1 form an angle in relation to a horizontal plane, so that condensate in the channels 5, 6 under the gravitational effect is brought to flow in a direction towards the flattened parts 26, being parts of the drainage channels 4A, 4B and 4C.
  • the lower edge 27 on the room air side there is a water collecting channel 9 with an outlet opening 10 between the plates, and on the intake side there is a corresponding water collecting channel 11 with an outlet opening 12 between the plates 1.
  • the outlet openings 10 and 12 are connected to transversal collecting channels 13, 14.
  • the condensate flows down into a water collecting channel 9 at the lower edge 27 of the plate 1 and finally out through a channel 13.
  • Fig. 3B shows a corresponding detail of the intake side with a channel 11 for water collecting and a channel 14, which are separate from corresponding details of the exhaust side in order to guarantee that the air streams 5A, 6A do not get mixed with each other.
  • the heat exchanger plates 1 have completely or partly been given a hydrophobic surface structure, which facilitates the drainage, since the adherence of the condensed water to the surfaces decreases, and in that droplets are more easily formed.
  • the surface of the condensed water towards the surrounding air is also reduced and the risk for the condensed water to vaporize anew is reduced, which in turn leads to a more efficient dehumidification of the air streams 5A, 6A, which move through the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger has been designed with one or several vertical drainage channels 4 for leading away of the condensed water. In that way the need of additional heating in the heat exchanger can be avoided completely or partly and the total efficiency of the heat exchanger will be higher.
  • the hydrophobic surface structure can be achieved in a number of different ways.
  • One way is to give the surface a nanostructure by coating the surfaces with a suitable agent.
  • a suitable agent for plastic surfaces it could be an agent containing silicon compounds so that silicon crystals are formed, which clog microscopic pores which could exist in the surface of a plastic material.
  • Another way to achieve a nanostructure is to emboss it in the surface during the manufacture of the walls of the channels 4, 5, 6.
  • Fig. 4 shows a cross-section (principal view) of a ventilation assembly 28 according to the invention, wherein heat exchanger plates 1 according to the above are comprised.
  • the room air (exhaust air) 5A is filtered in the filter 15 and the incoming outside air (intake air) in the filter 16.
  • Condensed water from the exhaust air 5A is collected in the channel 13 and any condensate from the outside air 6A (in a warm, moist climate) is collected in the channel 14. From the channels 13 and 14 condensed water is fed through pipes or hoses 17, 18 down so far under the surface in a water vessel 19 that air passage between the pipes 17 and 18 is prevented.
  • the vessel 19 is assembled with a water vessel 20 in which are arranged piezoelectric ultrasound generators 21 and 22, which in the preferred embodiment are two in number.
  • the ultrasound generators 21 and 22 can be operated separately each on their own (50 % capacity) or both together (100 % capacity).
  • the water aerosol which is formed in the collector 23 can be conducted to the intake air inlet 29 between the heat exchanger 25 and a filter 16, wherein the aerosol with the aid of the cold air stream 6A is transported into the heat exchanger 25 in order to be able to be evaporated therein with the aid of heat from the exhaust air 5A.
  • the ventilation assembly 28 is optionally also used an evaporative cooling of the exhaust air 5A by supplying a water aerosol to the exhaust air 5A between the heat exchanger 25 and a filter 15.
  • the object of this is to accomplish drainage of heat from too hot intake air 6A, for example during the summer months.
  • the intake air 6A temperature also its humidity can be lowered by the deposit of condensate on the inner surfaces of the channels 6 and which is led from the heat exchanger 25 and down into the collecting vessel 19 in the above described way
  • the aerosol from the ultrasound generators 21 and 22 are fed to the exhaust air inlet 30 by change-over of a control valve 24, wherein it is evaporated and accordingly cools down the exhaust air 5A flowing into the heat exchanger 25.
  • a ventilation assembly 28 With a ventilation assembly 28 according to the invention the problem with too dry air is avoided during wintertime by the integration of the ultrasound generators 21, 22, which establish an aerosol for humidifying the intake air 6A.
  • the ultrasound generators 21, 22 here are also used for evaporative cooling of the exhaust air 5A with the evaporation heat taken from the condensation heat of the exhaust air.
  • Condensate in the channels 5, 6 is led out to the drainage channels 4, and clogging of the channels because of water droplets, or freezing of the condensate in the channels 5, 6 is prevented thereby.
  • connection part 7A the room air (exhaust air) 5A coming to the heat exchanger 25 is distributed over all the channels of the heat exchanger plate 1 on its front side to be conducted through these to the opposite connection part 7B.
  • Incoming outside air (intake air) 6A is distributed to the channels on the backside of the plate and is conducted out in the connection part 7A.
  • the connection parts 7A, 7B are so designed that room air 5A flowing in to and outside air 6A flowing out from the heat exchanger 25 exchange heat in cross flow like the room air 5A flowing out and the outside air 6A flowing in.
  • the condensed water in the channels 4 can on the room air side freely flow out through the opening 10 down into the transversal collecting channel 13.
  • moisture in the incoming outside air 6A condenses on the intake air side of the heat exchanger plates 1 and there it flows out through the opening 12, and down into the transversal collecting channel 14.
  • Discharge of condensed water down into the channels 4 is facilitated if the surface of the heat exchanger plate 1, especially at the channels 4 have hydrophobic properties, e.g. with the aid of nanotechnology, as has been discussed above.
  • Quicker and more complete drainage of condensed water from all air channels 5, 6 of the heat exchanger plate 1 is facilitated if the whole heat exchanger plate 1 has corresponding hydrophobic properties. Tests have proven that the drainage from the heat exchanger plates 1 can be further improved it the plates 1 can be vibrated with aerodynamic or mechanical appliances.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Ensemble de ventilation comprenant
    - un échangeur de chaleur ;
    - un récipient collecteur (19) ;
    - un générateur de vapeur (21, 22) ; ledit échangeur de chaleur comprenant deux ensembles de canaux agencés de manière adjacente l'un à l'autre pour un échange thermique entre un premier et un deuxième courant d'air, ledit premier courant d'air est de l'air d'admission et ledit deuxième courant d'air est de l'air évacué, où chacun des ensembles de canaux (5, 6) comprend au moins un canal de drainage transversal (4) pour le drainage du condensat, ledit au moins un canal de drainage (4) étant relié audit récipient collecteur (19), où ledit condensat recueilli dans ledit récipient collecteur est converti en aérosol par ledit générateur de vapeur (21, 22) et
    - des moyens pour introduire ledit aérosol dans le courant d'air d'admission (6A) dans des conditions d'air aspiré sec.
  2. Ensemble de ventilation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que des moyens sont agencés pour le refroidissement par évaporation de l'air évacué (5A) avant qu'il ne soit acheminé dans les canaux (5) de l'échangeur de chaleur.
  3. Ensemble de ventilation selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que des moyens sont agencés pour effectuer un passage entre le refroidissement par évaporation de l'air d'admission (6A) et de l'air évacué (5A), respectivement.
  4. Ensemble de ventilation selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le générateur de vapeur (21, 22) est agencé afin d'obtenir le refroidissement par évaporation.
  5. Ensemble de ventilation selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les canaux de drainage (4) sont essentiellement verticaux.
  6. Ensemble de ventilation selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les canaux (4, 5, 6) présentent des surfaces intérieures avec une couche de surface hydrophobe.
  7. Ensemble de ventilation selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la couche de surface a une nanostructure.
  8. Ensemble de ventilation selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque ensemble de canaux (5, 6) pour les courants d'air forme un angle avec le plan horizontal compris entre 0 et 30°.
EP13853872.3A 2012-11-07 2013-11-07 Ensemble de ventilation Active EP2920539B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1251263A SE538217C2 (sv) 2012-11-07 2012-11-07 Värmeväxlare och ventilationsaggregat innefattande denna
PCT/SE2013/051315 WO2014074063A1 (fr) 2012-11-07 2013-11-07 Échangeur de chaleur et ensemble de ventilation le comprenant

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2920539A1 EP2920539A1 (fr) 2015-09-23
EP2920539A4 EP2920539A4 (fr) 2016-09-07
EP2920539B1 true EP2920539B1 (fr) 2019-10-30

Family

ID=50685340

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13853872.3A Active EP2920539B1 (fr) 2012-11-07 2013-11-07 Ensemble de ventilation

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20150323216A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2920539B1 (fr)
SE (1) SE538217C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014074063A1 (fr)

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CN105716211A (zh) * 2016-02-17 2016-06-29 中山浩发节能科技有限公司 一种通用型空调节能交换装置
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2920539A4 (fr) 2016-09-07
US20150323216A1 (en) 2015-11-12
WO2014074063A1 (fr) 2014-05-15
SE1251263A1 (sv) 2014-05-08
SE538217C2 (sv) 2016-04-05
EP2920539A1 (fr) 2015-09-23

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