EP2900095A1 - Smoking article - Google Patents
Smoking articleInfo
- Publication number
- EP2900095A1 EP2900095A1 EP13756319.3A EP13756319A EP2900095A1 EP 2900095 A1 EP2900095 A1 EP 2900095A1 EP 13756319 A EP13756319 A EP 13756319A EP 2900095 A1 EP2900095 A1 EP 2900095A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- smoking article
- filter segment
- tobacco
- segment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000006679 Mentha X verticillata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000002899 Mentha suaveolens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000001636 Mentha x rotundifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000166124 Eucalyptus globulus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000433 Lyocell Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008216 herbs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000024873 Mentha crispa Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000020127 ayran Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940106135 cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/062—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by structural features
- A24D3/063—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by structural features of the fibers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
- A24D1/02—Cigars; Cigarettes with special covers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/067—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by functional properties
- A24D3/068—Biodegradable or disintegrable
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/08—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent
- A24D3/10—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent of cellulose or cellulose derivatives
Definitions
- the invention relates to a smoking article with a biodegradable filter.
- Smoking articles such as cigarettes, usually comprise a smokable tobacco rod wrapped in a wrapper (such as a cigarette paper) and a filter attached to that rod by means of a tipping paper.
- a perforation of the layers that surround the filter material can be applied to achieve a filter ventilation that dilutes the mainstream smoke with air.
- Filters for smoking articles often consist of two or more segments that are axially aligned to achieve special filter characteristics. Depending on the number of filter segments, such filters are known as dual, triple, etc. filters.
- Cellulose acetate is the most commonly used filter material for smoking articles. However, cellulose acetate has a poor biodegradability either in composting environments or in stan ⁇ dardised tests like OECD 301 B. Filter materials with improved biodegradability are also known, such as paper, other non- woven (e.g. air-laid) cellulose fibres, or regenerated cellulose like lyocell or viscose.
- tobacco as a filter material is known from prior art, e.g. from FR 1 270 093 or from cigarettes of the brand "Gi- tanes Mais".
- Tobacco filters are mainly used to influence the taste of the smoking articles or to achieve a special appearance of the cigarette mouth end that resembles a filter-less cigarette.
- consumers' preference has nowadays switched towards a white colour of the visible filter end.
- WO 02/45531 Al discloses a smoking product comprising a tobacco filter with a hollow ' mouthpiece.
- a cellulose-based filter section can be placed between the tobacco rod of the smoking product and the tobacco filter.
- the object of the invention is to provide a smoking article with a biodegradable filter, which has an acceptable white appearance at its mouth-sided end and which provides a filtration efficiency for particulate matter that is low enough to resemble that of the usual cellulose acetate filters.
- Claim 11 relates to a filter tube for the self-production of a smoking article, which results in a smoking article as defined in claim 1.
- Advantageous versions of the invention follow from the dependent claims.
- the smoking article according to the invention comprises a smokable tobacco rod, which includes tobacco wrapped in a wrapper, and a filter having a first end and a second end.
- the smoking article is a cigarette and the wrapper is a cigarette paper, but other kinds of smoking articles, e.g. a cigarillo, are conceivable as well.
- the filter com- prises a first filter segment extending up to the first end of the filter and placed at an end of the tobacco rod (rod-sided filter segment) , as well as a second filter segment extending up to the second end of the filter (mouth-sided filter segment) .
- the first filter segment comprises cut or shredded plant material.
- the second filter segment comprises a cellulose material as filtering material.
- a cellulose material in the sense of the invention is a material based on natural cellulose or regenerated cellulose, but not a cellulose derivate like cellulose acetate.
- the length of the second filter seg- ment is in the range 3 mm to 12 mm.
- the filter of the smoking article according to the invention is biodegradable according to OECD 301 B.
- OECD 301 is an OECD guideline for testing chemicals (adopted by the Council on 17 July 1992) and describes several methods that permit the screening of chemicals for ready biodegrad- ability in an aerobic aqueous medium.
- One of these methods is , referred to as OECD 301 B.
- the C0 2 evolution due to a test sample in an aqueous medium under aerobic conditions is measured and related to the theoretical C0 2 production of the test compound assuming full degradation. Roughly, the test will be considered as passed if the ratio of measured C0 2 to theoretical C0 2 increases from 10% to 60% or more within a period of 10 days.
- the OECD 301 guideline which includes the description of OECD 301 B.
- the second or mouth-sided filter segment comprises a cellulose material
- its appearance is generally white or whitish, similar to the mouth-sided end of an ordinary cigarette with a cellulose acetate filter.
- This filter segment is rather short so that the generally high filtration efficiency per unit length of cellulose materials does not result in an overall filtration efficiency of the second filter segment which is too high.
- the first or rod-sided filter segment generally does not add much to the overall filtration efficiency of the filter, but it adds some length to the filter so that the . total length of the filter looks familiar to the consumer and facilitates the handling of the filters during production.
- the cut or shredded plant material of the first fil- ter segment may influence the taste of the smoking article.
- the filter is . a dual filter. That means, it does not comprise further segments in addition to the first filter segment and the second filter segment, wherein each filter segment is considered as having a generally non-variable constitution along the longitudinal axis of the smoking article. "
- each filter segment can be largely homogeneous, i.e. non-variable along the longitudinal axis and across cross-sectional areas.
- the cellulose material of the second filter element examples are paper, air-laid cellulose or regenerated cellulose like lyocell or viscose. Mixtures or blends of such materials are also possible.
- the second filter element may contain an admixture of an adsorbent to reduce gas-phase constituents of the main stream smoke, preferably as a constituent of a paper material, e.g. a paper containing activated carbon .
- the first or rod-sided filter segment comprises cut tobacco or cut (or shredded) herbs, e.g. mint, eucalyptus, and/or tea. Mixtures or blends of tobacco and cut or shredded herbs (like mint, eucalyptus, and/or tea) are conceivable as well.
- an appropriate plant material e.g. an appropriate blend
- the first filter segment may have a density in the range of from 0.20 g/cm 3 to 0.35 g/cm 3 . This is generally somewhat greater than the density of the tobacco in the tobacco rod of the smoking article.
- the filtration efficiency and the taste provided by the first filter segment can be influenced. Moreover, a denser filter feels harder, more like a usual cellulose acetate filter, and a denser filter is more rigid during the manufacturing process, wherein the tendency of losing plant particles from the end sides of the first filter segment is decreased.
- the wrapper of the smok- ingg article can be a cigarette paper, which comprises at least one zone having a permeability less than a basic perme- ability of the cigarette paper. That means, the original or basic permeability of the cigarette paper is decreased in cer ⁇ tain zones, e.g. by applying a coating.
- the low-permeability zones can be arranged, e.g., in a ring pattern. In this way, a low-ignition propensity ("LIP”) of the smoking article is achieved so that the smoking article, preferably,, fulfils the requirements of ASTM E2187 and/or EN 16156:2010.
- the CO yield or level of a smoking article is hardly influenced by the filter (except for by ventilation), whereas the PMWNF yield (level) can be controlled via the filter.
- the latter can be accomplished, e.g., via the density or kind of the cel- lulose material in the second filter segment or via the length of the second filter segment.
- the ratio of CO/PMWNF is preferably less than 1.3, when smoked according to ISO conditions.
- the ratio of CO/PMWNF is preferably less than 1.1, when smoked according to ISO conditions.
- CO/PMWNF is expressed as the total yield of CO in mg per smoking article divided by the total yield of PMWNF in mg per smoking article.
- the relevant norm is ISO 4387.
- the filter explained so far can also be used with a filter ⁇ tube for the self-production of a smoking article, which comprises a wrapper adapted to accommodate tobacco.
- a smoking article according to the invention and such smoking article filter tube is that., in the latter, the tobacco is missing in the rod in the state to be marketed, wherein the consumer fills in the tobacco by herself or himself.
- the filter of the smoking article filter tube can have all the properties of the filter of the smoking article ac- cording to the invention.
- a smoking article according to the invention can be manufactured, e.g., in the following way: Filter base rods for the second filter segments are manufactured on a standard paper filter maker from a paper web, a plug wrap and glue. As known to a skilled person, the pressure drop and retention of this element can be controlled through the width of the paper web and an optional embossing or crimp- ing of that web. Depending on the intended type of filter ventilation, the plug wrap can either be porous or non-porous.
- Tobacco filter base rods for the first filter segments are manufactured on a standard cigarette maker from a cut or shredded tobacco blend, a wrapper and glue.
- tobacco blends usually comprise cut Virginia, Burley and/or Oriental tobacco leaf.
- the tobacco blend can further comprise cut tobacco stems. All tobacco materials can be expanded using processes that are familiar to a skilled person.
- the wrapper can be a porous or non-porous filter plug wrap. paper.
- a dual filter rod can be manufactured with a standard filter combining machine using a second porous or non-porous wrapper and glue.
- the combustible tobacco rod is produced on a standard filter cigarette maker from tobacco, cigarette paper and glue .
- the dual filters are attached to that rod by a tipping paper that covers the filter as well as a part of the smokable tobacco rod .
- each filter segment comprises a plug wrap
- both filter segments are combined by means of an addi ⁇ tional wrapper, and the resulting dual filter is attached to the smokable tobacco rod by means of a tipping paper.
- Figure 1 a schematic view of an embodiment of the smoking ar ⁇ ticle according to the invention
- Figure 2 a graphical representation of the degradation of cigarette filter segments of paper, tobacco and cellulose acetate as a function of time, when measured as described in OECD 301 B.
- FIG 1 illustrates an embodiment of a smoking article in a schematic view.
- the smoking article is a cigarette 1 compris- ing a smokable tobacco rod 2 (tobacco wrapped in a cigarette paper) and a dual filter 3.
- the dual filter 3 is attached to the smokable tobacco rod 2 by means of a tipping paper (not shown in Figure 1) .
- the dual filter 3 has a first end 4 adjacent to the tobacco rod 2 and a second end 5 as the mouth- sided filter end.
- the dual filter 3 comprises a rod-sided first filter segment 11 and a mouth-sided second filter element 12.
- the first filter segment 11 contains cut or shredded plant material (in the embodiment tobacco)
- the, second filter segment 12 contains a cellulose material as filtering material (in the embodiment paper) .
- Each filter segment 11, 12 comprises a plug wrap, and both filter segments 11, 12 are combined by means of an additional wrapper (not shown in Figure 1) .
- the dual filter 3 is ventilated by a circumferentially extending row of ventilation holes placed in the area of the first filter segment 11.
- cigarette samples were produced with the parame ⁇ ters indicated below and listed in Table 1.
- the columns “Ref ⁇ erence” and “Reference II” relate to samples having a conven ⁇ tional filter. of cellulose, acetate (“Mono-AC”) or a paper filter, respectively, for comparison purposes.
- the remaining four columns (“Tobacco-Paper Filter Samples”) relate to samples according to the invention.
- PD pressure drop
- the tobacco used for the tobacco filter segment is a dark air-cured blend containing 60% of expanded stems.
- the last column (“+25% mint”) in Table 1 relates to a sample including mint leaf within the tobacco filter segment. In this case, 25% of the lamina part of the tobacco blend in the filters of samples 1 to 3 has been replaced by threshed mint leaf..
- the biodegradability of the paper filter segment, the tobacco filter segment and the cellulose acetate filter of the samples according to Table 1 was tested according to the OECD 301 B method. The results are shown in Figure 2.
- the graphical representations display the amount of degradation during progress of time. The degradation is expressed as the ratio of C0 2 production due to the respective test sample to the theoretical C0 2 production of the test sample assuming full degradation, as described in detail in the OECD 301 guideline.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
Abstract
A smoking article (1) comprises a smokable tobacco rod (2), which includes tobacco and a wrapper, and a filter (3) having a first end (4) and a second end (5). The filter (3) comprises a first filter segment (11) extending to the first end (4) of the filter (3) and placed at an end of the tobacco rod (2) and a second filter segment (12) extending to the second end (5) of the filter (3). The first filter segment (11) comprises cut or shredded plant material. The second filter segment (12) comprises a cellulose material as filtering material and has a length in the range of from 3 mm to 12 mm. The filter (3) is bio-degradable according to OECD 301 B.
Description
Smoking article
The invention relates to a smoking article with a biodegradable filter.
Smoking articles, such as cigarettes, usually comprise a smokable tobacco rod wrapped in a wrapper (such as a cigarette paper) and a filter attached to that rod by means of a tipping paper. A perforation of the layers that surround the filter material can be applied to achieve a filter ventilation that dilutes the mainstream smoke with air.
Filters for smoking articles often consist of two or more segments that are axially aligned to achieve special filter characteristics. Depending on the number of filter segments, such filters are known as dual, triple, etc. filters.
Cellulose acetate is the most commonly used filter material for smoking articles. However, cellulose acetate has a poor biodegradability either in composting environments or in stan¬ dardised tests like OECD 301 B. Filter materials with improved biodegradability are also known, such as paper, other non- woven (e.g. air-laid) cellulose fibres, or regenerated cellulose like lyocell or viscose.
The problem of the latter filter materials is that they have a much higher filtration efficiency for the particulate matter ("tar") of the mainstream smoke than cellulose acetate. Since the amount of carbon monoxide in the mainstream smoke is not influenced by filtration, the ratio between the yield of carbon monoxide (in mg per smoking article) and the yield of par- ticulate matter (in mg per smoking article) increases with increasing filtration efficiency. Here and in the following, particulate matter is measured as PMWNF ( "particulate matter (water and nicotine free)"). As there exist upper limits on
the yield of carbon monoxide and the yield of PMWNF in regulations of numerous countries and of the EU, such filter materials restrict PMWNF levels. The use of so-called LIP ("low ignition propensity") papers has further attributed to this situation because these papers tend to increase CO yields at constant PMWNF levels.
Using tobacco as a filter material is known from prior art, e.g. from FR 1 270 093 or from cigarettes of the brand "Gi- tanes Mais". Tobacco filters are mainly used to influence the taste of the smoking articles or to achieve a special appearance of the cigarette mouth end that resembles a filter-less cigarette. With the increasing use of filter cigarettes, however, consumers' preference has nowadays switched towards a white colour of the visible filter end.
WO 02/45531 Al discloses a smoking product comprising a tobacco filter with a hollow' mouthpiece. Optionally, a cellulose-based filter section can be placed between the tobacco rod of the smoking product and the tobacco filter.
The object of the invention is to provide a smoking article with a biodegradable filter, which has an acceptable white appearance at its mouth-sided end and which provides a filtration efficiency for particulate matter that is low enough to resemble that of the usual cellulose acetate filters.
This object is achieved by a smoking article having the features of claim 1. Claim 11 relates to a filter tube for the self-production of a smoking article, which results in a smoking article as defined in claim 1. Advantageous versions of the invention follow from the dependent claims.
The smoking article according to the invention comprises a smokable tobacco rod, which includes tobacco wrapped in a
wrapper, and a filter having a first end and a second end. Preferably, the smoking article is a cigarette and the wrapper is a cigarette paper, but other kinds of smoking articles, e.g. a cigarillo, are conceivable as well. The filter com- prises a first filter segment extending up to the first end of the filter and placed at an end of the tobacco rod (rod-sided filter segment) , as well as a second filter segment extending up to the second end of the filter (mouth-sided filter segment) . The first filter segment comprises cut or shredded plant material. The second filter segment comprises a cellulose material as filtering material. A cellulose material in the sense of the invention is a material based on natural cellulose or regenerated cellulose, but not a cellulose derivate like cellulose acetate. The length of the second filter seg- ment is in the range 3 mm to 12 mm. Moreover, the filter of the smoking article according to the invention is biodegradable according to OECD 301 B.
OECD 301 is an OECD guideline for testing chemicals (adopted by the Council on 17 July 1992) and describes several methods that permit the screening of chemicals for ready biodegrad- ability in an aerobic aqueous medium. One of these methods is , referred to as OECD 301 B. In this test, the C02 evolution due to a test sample in an aqueous medium under aerobic conditions is measured and related to the theoretical C02 production of the test compound assuming full degradation. Roughly, the test will be considered as passed if the ratio of measured C02 to theoretical C02 increases from 10% to 60% or more within a period of 10 days. For detailed information, see the OECD 301 guideline, which includes the description of OECD 301 B.
Since the second or mouth-sided filter segment comprises a cellulose material, its appearance is generally white or whitish, similar to the mouth-sided end of an ordinary cigarette with a cellulose acetate filter. This filter segment is rather
short so that the generally high filtration efficiency per unit length of cellulose materials does not result in an overall filtration efficiency of the second filter segment which is too high. The first or rod-sided filter segment generally does not add much to the overall filtration efficiency of the filter, but it adds some length to the filter so that the. total length of the filter looks familiar to the consumer and facilitates the handling of the filters during production. Moreover, the cut or shredded plant material of the first fil- ter segment may influence the taste of the smoking article.
Preferably, the filter is . a dual filter. That means, it does not comprise further segments in addition to the first filter segment and the second filter segment, wherein each filter segment is considered as having a generally non-variable constitution along the longitudinal axis of the smoking article. "
Generally, the constitution of each filter segment can be largely homogeneous, i.e. non-variable along the longitudinal axis and across cross-sectional areas.
Examples for the cellulose material of the second filter element are paper, air-laid cellulose or regenerated cellulose like lyocell or viscose. Mixtures or blends of such materials are also possible. Moreover, the second filter element may contain an admixture of an adsorbent to reduce gas-phase constituents of the main stream smoke, preferably as a constituent of a paper material, e.g. a paper containing activated carbon .
In advantageous embodiments of the invention, the first or rod-sided filter segment comprises cut tobacco or cut (or shredded) herbs, e.g. mint, eucalyptus, and/or tea. Mixtures or blends of tobacco and cut or shredded herbs (like mint, eucalyptus, and/or tea) are conceivable as well. There are
multiple ways of influencing the overall taste of the smoking article by selecting an appropriate plant material, e.g. an appropriate blend, for the first filter segment. The first filter segment may have a density in the range of from 0.20 g/cm3 to 0.35 g/cm3. This is generally somewhat greater than the density of the tobacco in the tobacco rod of the smoking article. By adjusting the density, the filtration efficiency and the taste provided by the first filter segment can be influenced. Moreover, a denser filter feels harder, more like a usual cellulose acetate filter, and a denser filter is more rigid during the manufacturing process, wherein the tendency of losing plant particles from the end sides of the first filter segment is decreased.
In accordance with recent regulations, and in particular if the smoking article is a cigarette, the wrapper of the smok- ingg article can be a cigarette paper, which comprises at least one zone having a permeability less than a basic perme- ability of the cigarette paper. That means, the original or basic permeability of the cigarette paper is decreased in cer¬ tain zones, e.g. by applying a coating. The low-permeability zones can be arranged, e.g., in a ring pattern. In this way, a low-ignition propensity ("LIP") of the smoking article is achieved so that the smoking article, preferably,, fulfils the requirements of ASTM E2187 and/or EN 16156:2010. Generally, low-ignition propensity smoking articles are well known in the art. As already mentioned further above, the CO yield or level of a smoking article is hardly influenced by the filter (except for by ventilation), whereas the PMWNF yield (level) can be controlled via the filter. In the present invention, the latter can be accomplished, e.g., via the density or kind of the cel- lulose material in the second filter segment or via the length
of the second filter segment. If the smoking article has a P WNF level of more than or equal to 8 mg, the ratio of CO/PMWNF is preferably less than 1.3, when smoked according to ISO conditions. If the smoking article has a PMWNF level of less than 8 mg, the ratio of CO/PMWNF is preferably less than 1.1, when smoked according to ISO conditions. Here, CO/PMWNF is expressed as the total yield of CO in mg per smoking article divided by the total yield of PMWNF in mg per smoking article. The relevant norm is ISO 4387.
The filter explained so far can also be used with a filter ■tube for the self-production of a smoking article, which comprises a wrapper adapted to accommodate tobacco. The only difference between a smoking article according to the invention and such smoking article filter tube is that., in the latter, the tobacco is missing in the rod in the state to be marketed, wherein the consumer fills in the tobacco by herself or himself. The filter of the smoking article filter tube can have all the properties of the filter of the smoking article ac- cording to the invention.
A smoking article according to the invention can be manufactured, e.g., in the following way: Filter base rods for the second filter segments are manufactured on a standard paper filter maker from a paper web, a plug wrap and glue. As known to a skilled person, the pressure drop and retention of this element can be controlled through the width of the paper web and an optional embossing or crimp- ing of that web. Depending on the intended type of filter ventilation, the plug wrap can either be porous or non-porous.
Tobacco filter base rods for the first filter segments are manufactured on a standard cigarette maker from a cut or shredded tobacco blend, a wrapper and glue. Such tobacco
blends usually comprise cut Virginia, Burley and/or Oriental tobacco leaf. The tobacco blend can further comprise cut tobacco stems. All tobacco materials can be expanded using processes that are familiar to a skilled person. The wrapper can be a porous or non-porous filter plug wrap. paper.
From those filter base rods, a dual filter rod can be manufactured with a standard filter combining machine using a second porous or non-porous wrapper and glue.
The combustible tobacco rod is produced on a standard filter cigarette maker from tobacco, cigarette paper and glue . The dual filters are attached to that rod by a tipping paper that covers the filter as well as a part of the smokable tobacco rod .
Thus, in- this example, each filter segment comprises a plug wrap, both filter segments are combined by means of an addi¬ tional wrapper, and the resulting dual filter is attached to the smokable tobacco rod by means of a tipping paper.
In the following, the invention is further described by means of embodiments. The drawings shows in
Figure 1 a schematic view of an embodiment of the smoking ar¬ ticle according to the invention and
Figure 2 a graphical representation of the degradation of cigarette filter segments of paper, tobacco and cellulose acetate as a function of time, when measured as described in OECD 301 B.
Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of a smoking article in a schematic view. The smoking article is a cigarette 1 compris- ing a smokable tobacco rod 2 (tobacco wrapped in a cigarette
paper) and a dual filter 3. The dual filter 3 is attached to the smokable tobacco rod 2 by means of a tipping paper (not shown in Figure 1) . The dual filter 3 has a first end 4 adjacent to the tobacco rod 2 and a second end 5 as the mouth- sided filter end.
The dual filter 3 comprises a rod-sided first filter segment 11 and a mouth-sided second filter element 12. The first filter segment 11 contains cut or shredded plant material (in the embodiment tobacco) , whereas the, second filter segment 12 contains a cellulose material as filtering material (in the embodiment paper) . Each filter segment 11, 12 comprises a plug wrap, and both filter segments 11, 12 are combined by means of an additional wrapper (not shown in Figure 1) .
In the embodiment, the dual filter 3 is ventilated by a circumferentially extending row of ventilation holes placed in the area of the first filter segment 11. As examples, cigarette samples were produced with the parame¬ ters indicated below and listed in Table 1. The columns "Ref¬ erence" and "Reference II" relate to samples having a conven¬ tional filter. of cellulose, acetate ("Mono-AC") or a paper filter, respectively, for comparison purposes. The remaining four columns ("Tobacco-Paper Filter Samples") relate to samples according to the invention.
All cigarettes included in Table 1 are standard king size cigarettes with a total length of the filter of 21 mm, a total length of the smokable tobacco rod of 62 mm and a diameter of 7,88 mm. In all cases, the tipping length (length of the tipping paper) is 25 mm. In the tobacco rod, all cigarettes of Table 1 contain a standard American blend with a rod weight of 670 mg. In all ventilated samples, the filter ventilation is positioned 13 mm from the mouth-sided end of the filter. More-
over, all samples contain a LIP cigarette paper with a base porosity of 70 CU (Coresta units) . The smoke yields of the cigarettes in Table 1 were tested according to ISO 4387. For the measurements of the pressure drop ("PD"), the ventilation perforations were open; 1 mmWG = 9.8 Pa.
In the samples according to the invention, the tobacco used for the tobacco filter segment (tobacco filter plug) is a dark air-cured blend containing 60% of expanded stems.
The last column ("+25% mint") in Table 1 relates to a sample including mint leaf within the tobacco filter segment. In this case, 25% of the lamina part of the tobacco blend in the filters of samples 1 to 3 has been replaced by threshed mint leaf..
The aim of providing CO/NFDPM ratios of below 1.3 is achieved by all samples according to the invention.
The biodegradability of the paper filter segment, the tobacco filter segment and the cellulose acetate filter of the samples according to Table 1 was tested according to the OECD 301 B method. The results are shown in Figure 2. The graphical representations display the amount of degradation during progress of time. The degradation is expressed as the ratio of C02 production due to the respective test sample to the theoretical C02 production of the test sample assuming full degradation, as described in detail in the OECD 301 guideline.
As is evident from Figure 2, tobacco and paper passed the test whereas cellulose acetate failed.
Table 1 Data of reference cigarettes and of cigarettes according to the invention having a dual filter comprising a tobacco and a paper segment
Claims
Smoking article, comprising a smokable tobacco rod
(2), which includes tobacco and a wrapper, and a filter (3) having a first end (4) and a second end (5), wherein the filter
(3) comprises
- a first filter segment (11) extending to the first end
(4) of the filter (3) and placed at an end of the tobacco rod (2), wherein the first filter segment (11) comprises cut or shredded plant material, and
- a second filter segment (12) extending to the second end
(5) of the filter, wherein the second filter segment (12) comprises a cellulose material as filtering material and has a length in the range of from 3 mm to 12 mm,
- wherein the filter (3) is bio-degradable according to OECD 301 B.
Smoking article according to claim 1, characterised in that the filter is a. dual filter (3).
Smoking article according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the second filter segment (12) comprises at least one of the cellulose materials selected from the following group: paper, paper containing an adsorbent, paper containing activated carbon, air-laid cellulose, regenerated cellulose, lyocell, viscose.
Smoking article according to anyone of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the first filter segment (11) comprises cut tobacco.
Smoking article according to anyone of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the first filter segment (11) comprises at least one of the materials selected from the
following group: cut or s-hredded herbs, cut or shredded mint leaves, eucalyptus, tea.
6. Smoking article according to anyone of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the first filter segment (11) has a density in the range of from 0.20 g/cm3 to 0.35 g/cm3.
7. Smoking article according to anyone of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the wrapper is a cigarette paper comprising at least one zone having a permeability less than a basic permeability of the cigarette paper and is adapted to provide low-ignition propensity to the smoking article.
8. Smoking article according to claim 7, characterised in that the smoking article (1) fulfils the requirements of ASTM E2187 and/or EN 16156:2010.
9. . Smoking article according to anyone of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the smoking article (1) has a PM NF level of more than or equal to 8 mg and a ratio of CO/PMWNF of less than 1.3 when smoked according to ISO conditions .
10. Smoking article according to anyone of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the smoking article (1) has a PMWNF level of less than 8 mg and a ratio of CO/PMWNF of less than 1.1 when smoked according to ISO conditions.
11. Smoking article filter tube for the self-production of a smoking article according to claim 1, comprising a wrapper adapted to accommodate tobacco to provide a smokable tobacco rod, and a filter having a first end and a second end, wherein the filter comprises
- a first filter segment extending to the first end of the filter and placed at an end of the tobacco rod, wherein the first filter segment comprises cut or shredded plant material, and
- a second filter segment extending to the second end of the filter, wherein the second filter segment comprises a cellulose material as filtering material and has a length in the range of from 3 mm to 12 mm,
- wherein the filter is bio-degradable according to OECD 301 B .
Smoking article filter tube according to claim 11, characterised by the characterising features' of anyone of claims 2 to 7.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13756319.3A EP2900095A1 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2013-08-27 | Smoking article |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP12006814.3A EP2712510B1 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2012-09-28 | Smoking article |
EP13756319.3A EP2900095A1 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2013-08-27 | Smoking article |
PCT/EP2013/002584 WO2014048533A1 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2013-08-27 | Smoking article |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2900095A1 true EP2900095A1 (en) | 2015-08-05 |
Family
ID=47010155
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12006814.3A Active EP2712510B1 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2012-09-28 | Smoking article |
EP13756319.3A Withdrawn EP2900095A1 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2013-08-27 | Smoking article |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12006814.3A Active EP2712510B1 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2012-09-28 | Smoking article |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP2712510B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6215331B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102085772B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN104717896B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2013324682B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2880633C (en) |
ES (1) | ES2569038T3 (en) |
MA (1) | MA38006B1 (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ706469A (en) |
PL (1) | PL2712510T3 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2633952C2 (en) |
TW (1) | TWI600381B (en) |
UA (1) | UA117113C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014048533A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113940449A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2022-01-18 | 益升华过滤产品开发私人有限公司 | Paper cavity type filter |
GB202115251D0 (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2021-12-08 | Essentra Filter Products Dev Co Pte Ltd | Paper tube |
EP4176736A1 (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2023-05-10 | Essentra Filter Products Development Co. Pte. Ltd. | Active paper |
ES2958821A1 (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2024-02-15 | Miquel Y Costas & Miquel Sa | CIGARETTE FILTER PAPER AND FILTER THAT INCLUDES IT |
Family Cites Families (17)
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FR1270093A (en) | 1960-07-13 | 1961-08-25 | Filter, especially for cigarettes | |
TW256845B (en) * | 1992-11-13 | 1995-09-11 | Taisyal Kagaku Kogyo Kk | |
JPH08256751A (en) * | 1995-03-20 | 1996-10-08 | Kikuzo Mizuno | Biodegradable cigarette filter |
US5878754A (en) * | 1997-03-10 | 1999-03-09 | Schweitzer-Mauduit International, Inc. | Smoking article wrapper for controlling ignition proclivity of a smoking article |
DE19753195A1 (en) * | 1997-11-21 | 1999-05-27 | Reemtsma H F & Ph | Biologically decomposable filter for cigarettes |
DE10060234C2 (en) * | 2000-12-05 | 2003-06-12 | Reemtsma H F & Ph | Smoking product with hollow mouthpiece tobacco filter |
US20020179105A1 (en) * | 2001-02-26 | 2002-12-05 | Zawadzki Michael A. | Reduced ignition propensity smoking article |
US20020179106A1 (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2002-12-05 | Zawadzki Michael A. | Reduced ignition propensity smoking article with a polysaccharide treated wrapper |
GB0209690D0 (en) * | 2002-04-27 | 2002-06-05 | British American Tobacco Co | Improvements relating to smoking articles and smokable filler materials therefor |
US6863074B2 (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2005-03-08 | Philip Morris Usa Inc. | Cigarette filters comprising unfunctionalized porous polyaromatic resins for removing gas phase constituents from mainstream tobacco smoke |
DK1958523T3 (en) * | 2006-08-04 | 2012-07-02 | Philip Morris Prod | Multicomponent filter providing multi-flavor gain |
EP2025251A1 (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2009-02-18 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Multi-component filter for a smoking article |
GB0816933D0 (en) * | 2008-09-16 | 2008-10-22 | British American Tobacco Co | Filter for a smoking article |
EP2324722A1 (en) * | 2009-11-23 | 2011-05-25 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Novel filter segment comprising a substrate loaded with a smoke-modifying agent |
WO2011123320A2 (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-06 | Greenbutts Llc | Biodegradable cigarette filter and methods for making same |
CN102342583B (en) * | 2010-08-02 | 2013-04-24 | 南通烟滤嘴有限责任公司 | Filter stick containing tobacco particles and preparation method thereof |
CN102669819A (en) * | 2012-05-08 | 2012-09-19 | 张荔 | Cigarette filter tip |
-
2012
- 2012-09-28 EP EP12006814.3A patent/EP2712510B1/en active Active
- 2012-09-28 PL PL12006814T patent/PL2712510T3/en unknown
- 2012-09-28 ES ES12006814.3T patent/ES2569038T3/en active Active
-
2013
- 2013-08-27 EP EP13756319.3A patent/EP2900095A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-08-27 JP JP2015533467A patent/JP6215331B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-08-27 NZ NZ706469A patent/NZ706469A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2013-08-27 KR KR1020157008863A patent/KR102085772B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2013-08-27 CN CN201380050936.9A patent/CN104717896B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-08-27 AU AU2013324682A patent/AU2013324682B2/en active Active
- 2013-08-27 CA CA2880633A patent/CA2880633C/en active Active
- 2013-08-27 RU RU2015115971A patent/RU2633952C2/en active
- 2013-08-27 UA UAA201504132A patent/UA117113C2/en unknown
- 2013-08-27 WO PCT/EP2013/002584 patent/WO2014048533A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-08-27 MA MA38006A patent/MA38006B1/en unknown
- 2013-09-03 TW TW102131656A patent/TWI600381B/en active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2014048533A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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MA38006A1 (en) | 2016-03-31 |
TWI600381B (en) | 2017-10-01 |
NZ706469A (en) | 2016-02-26 |
EP2712510A1 (en) | 2014-04-02 |
JP6215331B2 (en) | 2017-10-18 |
MA38006B1 (en) | 2017-05-31 |
CN104717896A (en) | 2015-06-17 |
AU2013324682A1 (en) | 2015-04-16 |
EP2712510B1 (en) | 2016-03-02 |
CA2880633A1 (en) | 2014-04-03 |
RU2633952C2 (en) | 2017-10-19 |
ES2569038T3 (en) | 2016-05-06 |
KR102085772B1 (en) | 2020-03-06 |
JP2015530101A (en) | 2015-10-15 |
CA2880633C (en) | 2020-02-04 |
PL2712510T3 (en) | 2016-08-31 |
CN104717896B (en) | 2018-11-30 |
TW201420024A (en) | 2014-06-01 |
AU2013324682B2 (en) | 2015-11-19 |
WO2014048533A1 (en) | 2014-04-03 |
RU2015115971A (en) | 2016-11-20 |
UA117113C2 (en) | 2018-06-25 |
KR20150060753A (en) | 2015-06-03 |
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