EP2898931A1 - Ski binding with forefoot fixing module - Google Patents

Abstract

Shown is a ski binding (10) for attaching a ski boot (22) having a fixed or flexible sole to a ski (16), comprising: a forefoot fixing module (12) having a mounting portion (14) and movable portion (18) and a Pad (30) for the heel of the ski boot (22), wherein the movable portion (18) of the forefoot fixing module (12) comprises a front receptacle (24) and a rear receptacle (26), the front and rear receptacles (24 , 26) are together adapted to secure a front portion of the ski boot (22) in the forefoot fixing module (12) and release it at a correspondingly high torque. The ski binding has a telemark exit mode and / or a climb mode and / or an alpine downhill mode.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a ski binding for attaching a ski boot with a fixed or flexible sole on a ski. More specifically, it includes a ski binding that has a telemark departure mode, a cross-country or climb mode and / or an alpine downhill mode.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Skiing is a popular wintry pastime for a multitude of people. In addition to alpine skiing on the slopes there are a number of other different types and techniques of skiing.

According to general societal trends, aspirations for individualisation and active demarcation can also be found in the sport of skiing on the part of the users. The equipment suppliers react with a corresponding differentiation of the markets. Former niches such as ski touring, freeriding and freestyle skiing have since developed into independent market segments.

A. Ski touring

Ski touring describes a form of alpine skiing, in which the skier seeks not only downhill away from groomed slopes, but also the necessary ascent. While the pure ski tour operator tries to get by completely without ski lifts and only selects runs that he has previously worked out himself describes the variant driving, which is also referred to as "freeriding", an alpine game in which the skier as the starting point of a mountain station of a lift operated to start his tour. Common to both is the descent in unprepared terrain, and, albeit to varying degrees, the rise.

To facilitate this ascent, ski touring and freeride bindings have an ascending function, which allows the heel to be released from the heeled down heel lock and resistance-free rotation of the shoe around the toe.

There are two fundamentally different types or mechanisms in the field of alpine ski touring binding systems. One type are the so-called plate bindings, in which the entire shoe is mounted on a plate or on a frame, which in turn is rotatably mounted on the ski. The attachment of the shoe on the plate or on the frame is done with binding elements, which are basically similar to those used in alpine downhill bindings. For the descent, the rear end of the plate or frame is locked to the ski. In the ascent mode, the rear end of the plate or the frame is released, so that the heel of the ski boot can be raised in the context of a pivoting movement of the plate or the frame. However, the plate or the frame, as well as the sole of the conventional touring ski boot rigid, so that a rolling of the foot is not possible.

Another alpine ski touring binding system was developed in its basic form 30 years ago by the company Dynafit and has since found widespread use. In this system, located in the front of the shoe an insert that provides a hole-like depression on both sides in the sole extension of the ski boot, in each of which a spike of the binding engages. Thus, the shoe is mounted relative to the ski rotatable about these mandrels. An heel counter can block this movement, making it possible to ski in alpine style. For this purpose, the corresponding shoe in the heel paragraph has another insert, in the back of two pins of the heel counter grab and prevent the vertical as well as the lateral movement of the shoe.

Also with these frameless alpine ski touring binding types are usually used ski boots with rigid sole, but in principle also allows the use of ski boots with flexible sole, although the bending of the sole during departure must be prevented, for example, with the aid of a suitable support to a defined To achieve triggering behavior.

The touring boots almost exclusively used in the alpine ski touring area with rigid sole are well suited for downhill and for climbing in steep terrain, which physiologically similar to a "stair climbing", in which the foot does not roll or only slightly. When walking in a level or only slightly steep terrain, a physiological walk would involve a rolling of the foot, which is prevented by the rigid touring ski boots.

B. Telemark technology

The Telemark technique describes a form of skiing in which the heel is not fixed on the ski at any time. Historically, alpine skiing has developed from telemark downhill skiing. After the swing release at the telemark descent is done by a resulting from a step change angular momentum, before the curve is traversed in the lunge, the departure is characterized by their telemark typical step position. Here, the heel of the anterior outer foot is in the course of the swing similar to the alpine style firmly on the ski, while the heel of the inside of the curve foot to realize a step position from the ski lifts, knees and hip flexed, the knee approached the ski and the inside of the curve Ski is pushed backwards relatively. Unlike alpine downhill skiing and alpine ski touring downhill skiing, only the forefoot of the Telemark downhill is firmly connected to the ski, while the heel can be lifted off the ski against a resistance that increases with increasing flexion of the knee.

Unlike in the ascent function of a ski touring or freeride binding, the forefoot is not translationally fixed via a joint in telemark bindings; instead, for the best possible control of the ski, the toe is clamped in a rotationally fixed manner. The lifting of the heel is made possible by the deflection of the front shoe part, especially by a crease provided therein. The ball of the foot is used to control the ski, which then remains close to the ski due to the flexing ability of the shoe despite the raised heel.

When the heel is lifted off the ski in the telemark swing and the knee is approximated to the ski, this is done against a resistance, partly by the bending or "kinking resistance" of the shoe, hereinafter referred to as "shoe-side bending resistance", and partly by a binding-side bending resistance is generated. When lifting the heel, initially the restraint of an often beak-shaped anterior sole extension in a receptacle (so-called "toe box") counteracts this movement, so that the sole bends and deforms the area of the fold, whereby the shoe-side bending resistance is generated. At the same time a restoring moment is generated when lifting the heel and deflection of the shoe on the binding, which together with the torque resulting from the shoe bending resistance allows to exert pressure on the blade of the ski, ie to actively load the blade of the ski. The sensitive dosage of this load is the basis of a controlled swing execution.

The restoring force which is generated when lifting the heel by the telemark binding, results from the increasing heel lifting tensile force in a cable, with which the ski boot is usually fixed in the binding. This force is due to the kinematic arrangement of Toe box, cable and heel each other when buckling of the shoe by raising the heel. However, it turns out that the restoring force generated by the telemark binding is not or not ideal for all applications. Unfortunately, however, the restoring force or the restoring moment generated by the binding can not be set arbitrarily in such cable-train-based bindings. A limiting factor here is that the cable also serves to fix the shoe in the binding. This means that the pulling force in the cable must never be too low. On the other hand, too high a tensile force in the cable leads to an excessively firm fixation of the shoe in the binding, which then makes it difficult to release the shoe from the binding in the event of a fall. Particularly problematic in this context is that the tensile force in the cable is just at the greatest when the heel furthest lifted, so the knee is most bent. Sports medical examinations have shown that susceptibility to ligament injuries is particularly great in falls with a bent knee. Especially in this vulnerable position but triggers the conventional cable-based telemark binding usually the hardest.

The observed safety deficiency has led to the suggestion of telemark bindings mounted as a whole on a trip plate which will be released from the ski when subjected to excessive loads, similar to the rotational safety release of the ski boot in alpine ski bindings. In this case, the separation between skier and skier takes place in the case of safety release but not between the shoe and the binding, but within the binding, so that a part of the binding remains on the shoe. This leads to a relatively complicated structure and a cumbersome handling.

From the above description it can be seen that presently telemark bindings and alpine ski touring bindings are structurally fundamentally different, so that hardly any structural details can be transferred from one to the other, and much less common components in the different types of bindings are used, as seen from the perspective of Manufacturer, who would have both binding types in the assortment would be beneficial. Also, no ski bindings are known, with which either in alpine mode and in telemark mode can be driven. This increases the inhibition threshold for the comparatively large number of skiers, who are familiar with the alpine descent, to try out the Telemark style, because this requires a complete second equipment. An experienced alpine skier with little experience in telemarking will often be reluctant to go off-piste with pure telemark equipment, fearing that he will not be able to handle difficult passages in telemark style. With the possibility to switch from the telemark mode to the alpine downhill mode if necessary, the fear of contact with the far less widespread telemark technique could be significantly reduced.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention has for its object to provide a ski binding and an associated ski boot, which solves parts or all of the above problems of conventional telemark bindings and alpine ski touring bindings.

This object is achieved by a ski binding according to claim 1 and a ski boot according to claim 12. Advantageous developments are specified in the dependent claims.

The ski binding of the present invention is used to attach a ski boot with a fixed or flexible sole on a ski. The ski binding according to the invention comprises a forefoot fixing module with a fastening portion for attachment to a ski and with a movable portion that is rotatable relative to the attachment portion so that at least a rear end of the movable portion can lift off the ski. In this context, "rotatable" or "pivoting" does not mean that the movement of the movable section relative to the mounting section must be a pure rotary or pivoting movement. Instead, the relative movement needs contain only one rotational component, but this may well be superimposed by a translatory or another rotational movement.

Furthermore, the ski binding includes a support for the heel of the ski boot.

The movable portion of the forefoot-fixing module comprises a front receptacle for receiving a front end of the ski boot, in particular a front sole extension thereof, and a rear receptacle adapted to receive an engagement element disposed on or in the underside or laterally of the sole of the ski boot. The front and rear seats together are adapted to secure a front portion of the ski boot in the forefoot fixing module. Further, associated with the front and / or rear receptacle is a release mechanism that effects release of the front portion of the ski boot from the forefoot fixing module when torque of the ski boot opposite the forefoot fixing module corresponding to rotation of the ski boot in the sole plane Threshold exceeds.

• einen Telemark-Abfahrtsmodus, in dem der bewegliche Abschnitt des vorfußfixierenden Moduls in Bezug auf den Befestigungsabschnitt drehbar bzw. schwenkbar ist, ohne dass der darin aufgenommene vordere Abschnitt des Skischuhs gebogen oder geknickt wird, und in dem über einen Federmechanismus eine Rückstellkraft, insbesondere ein Rückstellmoment zwischen dem beweglichen Abschnitt und dem Befestigungsabschnitt erzeugt wird, die bzw. das einem Abheben des hinteren Endes des beweglichen Abschnitts des vorfußfixierenden Moduls vom Ski entgegenwirkt,
• einen Langlauf- oder Aufstiegsmodus, in dem der bewegliche Abschnitt des vorfußfixierenden Moduls in Bezug auf den Befestigungsabschnitt drehbar bzw. schwenkbar ist, ohne dass der darin aufgenommene vordere Abschnitt des Skischuhs gebogen oder geknickt wird, wobei die mechanische Kopplung zwischen dem vorfußfixierenden Modul und dem Befestigungselement so beschaffen ist, dass ein Rückstellmoment zwischen dem beweglichen Abschnitt und dem Befestigungsabschnitt bei einer Drehung bzw. Schwenkung des beweglichen Abschnitts des vorfußfixierenden Moduls um 35° ein Drehmoment erzeugt, das geringer als 5 Nm, vorzugsweise geringer als 3 Nm, besonders vorzugsweise geringer als 2 Nm, noch bevorzugter geringer als 1 Nm und insbesondere gleich Null ist,
• einen Alpin-Abfahrtsmodus, in dem die Ferse des Skischuhs mit Hilfe eines Fersenelements auf der Auflage befestigbar ist.

Finally, the ski binding according to the invention has at least one of the following three operating modes:

• a telemark departure mode in which the movable portion of the forefoot fixing module is rotatable with respect to the attachment portion without bending or kinking the front portion of the ski boot received therein and in which a restoring force, in particular a restoring moment, is provided via a spring mechanism is generated between the movable portion and the fixing portion, which counteracts lifting of the rear end of the movable portion of the forefoot fixing module from the ski,
• a cross-country or ascent mode in which the movable portion of the forefoot-fixing module is rotatable relative to the attachment portion without bending or kinking the front portion of the ski boot received therein, the mechanical coupling between the forefoot-fixing module and the attachment member is such that a restoring moment between the movable portion and the attachment portion when the movable section of the forefoot fixing module is rotated or pivoted by 35 ° produces a torque which is less than 5 Nm, preferably less than 3 Nm, more preferably less than 2 Nm, even more preferably less than 1 Nm and in particular equal to zero,
• an alpine downhill mode, in which the heel of the ski boot can be fastened on the support with the aid of a heel element.

Note that the telemark departure mode described above is primarily intended for use in telemark-style descent. However, a similar mode can for example also be used for ski jumping, and should be included here.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the ski binding can have all three operating modes, but the invention also encompasses embodiments in which the ski binding realizes only one or two of the aforementioned modes. The core element of the ski binding in its different configurations is in each case a forefoot-fixing module which fixes a front section of the ski boot with the aid of a front receptacle and a rear receptacle. Illustratively speaking, this forefoot fixing module allows a "planar" fixation of a part of the ski boot without bending this front part of the ski boot between the front receptacle and the rear receptacle. Therein, the forefoot-fixing module differs from known telemark bindings in which the toe, that is, the front sole-facing or "beak", is locked in place and the sole necessarily flexes when lifting the heel in the binding, for the reasons stated above previously unsolved problems in terms of a suitable compromise between safe release behavior and suitable restoring torque brings with it.

The forefoot-fixing module also differs from known ski touring bindings, in which only plates or frames with front and rear recordings are known as movable sections, which fix the entire shoe. In the invention, only the front part of the shoe is held in the forefoot fixing module, namely the part which extends from the front end of the ski boot to the engagement element which is located on the underside or laterally of the sole of the ski boot. The length of this section is preferably shorter than half the length of the sole of the ski boot, in particular shorter as a third of the total length of the sole. The absolute length from the front end of the ski boot, without regard to the sole extension, which protrudes forward over the shell of the ski boot, to the rear end of the attack element is typically shorter than 15 cm, preferably shorter than 13 cm and in particular shorter than 11.5 cm to allow the sole to snap off behind the posterior receptacle, allowing physiological unrolling. This length is preferably greater than 4 cm, more preferably greater than 5 cm and in particular greater than 6 cm. Particularly advantageous has a range of 7 cm to 10 cm has been found.

In the said telemark departure mode, a restoring force, in particular a restoring moment, is generated by the spring mechanism between the movable portion and the attachment portion of the forefoot-fixing module, which corresponds to the binding-side bending resistance in conventional cable-based telemark bindings, but also the contribution of a shoe-side Bending resistance in conventional Telemarkbindungen replaced at least partially, which is produced by bending the shoe in the forefoot, which is omitted in the invention. Note, however, that this is no longer a "bending resistance" in the strict sense that would be created by bending the ski boot in the binding; instead, the front portion of the ski boot received in the forefoot-fixing module is not being bent or kinked, but, as explained above, fixed "area". This means that the restoring force / the restoring torque can be freely specified by suitable design of the spring mechanism, without having to be taken into account for a sufficient fixation or possibly too strong fixation of the shoe in the binding. Instead, the release torque for the release of the shoe from the bond on the one hand and the restoring force / the restoring moment can be optimally adjusted independently of each other.

Preferably, the front and rear receivers of the movable portion of the forefoot fixing module are mounted on a rigid plate or frame.

In an advantageous development, the restoring force or the restoring moment of the spring mechanism is adjustable according to the physical constitution of the skier, the terrain to be traveled and / or personal preferences. The size of the restoring force or the restoring torque determines how great the pressure is when lifting the heel in the telemark step on the shovel of the ski is exercised. However, the spring constant of the spring mechanism is preferably such that in the telemark departure mode, the restoring force at a rotation or pivoting of the movable portion of the forefoot fixing module by 35 ° from the position at which the heel of the ski boot rests on the support, a torque of at least 15 Nm, preferably at least 16 Nm, more preferably at least 17 Nm, more preferably at least 18 Nm, even more preferably at least 19 Nm and in particular at least 20 Nm produced.

In an advantageous development of the spring mechanism between at least two preset configurations can be switched, in which different strong restoring forces or restoring moments for the telemark departure mode are generated. About the above-mentioned basic setting of the restoring force or the restoring torque of the spring mechanism in itself, the skier can switch according to this development in operation between at least two already preset restoring forces or restoring moments. For example, when descending on a groomed runway where a high paddle pressure is desired, the skier can shift to the greater restoring force or larger return torque configuration to produce a higher paddle pressure. On the other hand, the skier, for example in deep snow, can switch to the configuration with a smaller restoring force or smaller restoring moment, in order to generate a lower blade pressure when moving in the same direction and thereby prevent the tip of the ski from "digging" into the deep snow. ,

Preferably, the spring mechanism is associated with a control element, with which the spring mechanism for generating the restoring force or the restoring torque or in the course of switching between said at least two preset configurations can be biased, wherein the operating element is preferably operated with the foot. This embodiment is based on the consideration that the different restoring forces / restoring moments can be generated particularly easily by different prestressing degrees of the spring mechanism. If the spring mechanism is not biased or completely released, for example, the resistance-free or approximately resistance-free ascent or cross-country mode can be realized. By means of at least two different degrees of bias, the said at least two preset configurations can also be generated. However, considerable forces are required in practice for proper bias of the spring mechanism. Out For this reason, it is advantageous if the associated control element is to be operated with the foot, because the skier by the foot, in particular supported by the ski boot, can apply relatively large enough forces.

In an advantageous embodiment, the operating element is formed by a biasing lever. By using a lever for preloading the required forces are further reduced. In a particularly advantageous development of the biasing lever is used at the same time as a base plate for the ski boot. In this way, even a comparatively long preload lever can be easily accommodated without the bond as a whole becoming excessively bulky or bulky.

Preferably, the spring mechanism comprises a spring, in particular a compression spring, which is preferably arranged under the sole of a ski boot received in the ski binding. In particular, the spring may be arranged below a base plate formed by said biasing lever. This also favors a compact design, wherein the compression spring can also be protected by the preload lever from damage and to a certain extent from icing by compressed snow.

In an advantageous development, a further lever is disposed on the biasing lever, which can cooperate with a portion of the spring mechanism so that it translates a rotational movement of the biasing lever in a biasing movement of the spring mechanism. Preferably, the further lever passes through a dead center of maximum bias when biasing the spring mechanism. Until reaching this dead center, the operation of the biasing lever leads to an increase in the bias voltage. However, if this dead center is exceeded, the biasing mechanism relaxes easily and the biasing lever is held in this position by the bias of the spring mechanism. In this embodiment, then no further locking means are needed to fix the spring mechanism in its biased position.

In an advantageous development, the position of the axis of rotation of the further lever on the biasing lever between at least two stable positions is adjustable in order to realize said at least two configurations of the spring mechanism.

In an advantageous embodiment, the front and / or the rear receptacle comprises at least one claw-like element which is adjustable between an open and a closed position. In this case, the claw-like element is suitable to encompass in its closed position, the front end of the ski boot, in particular the front sole extension or said attack element, or intervene in this. In this case, the claw-like element is biased in the closed position. Furthermore, said release mechanism has a first cam surface or abutment surface, which is associated with the receptacle, in particular with the claw-like element itself. The first cam surface or abutment surface is designed and arranged to cooperate with a skischuhfesten triggering element such that the claw-like element can be adjusted in a rotation of the ski boot in the sole plane on the ski boot resistant trigger element and the first cam surface or stop surface in the open position , In this embodiment, therefore, a rotation of the ski boot by interaction of the ski boot-resistant release element and the first cam surface or abutment surface causes the claw-like element is moved to the open position. However, since the claw-like element is biased to the closed position, this rotation of the ski boot against the bias of the claw-like element must be in the closed position. By adjusting the biasing force of the claw-like element in the closed position so the above-mentioned threshold for the torque of the ski boot can be adjusted relative to the forefoot fixing module, when exceeded, the front portion of the ski boot is released from the forefoot fixing module. In this way, a safe triggering function can be realized with comparatively simple means. Furthermore, with this construction, a so-called "step-in" function can be realized, in which the skier with the forefoot simply enters the open or the claw-like element which opens when it enters, thereby transferring it to the closed position.

In an advantageous development, the ski boot-resistant release element is formed by a section of said engagement element, in particular by a cam surface or abutment surface provided on the engagement element. It is understood that only one cam surface is required for a translation of the rotational movement of the ski boot in an opening of the claw-like element, which is provided on the ski boot-fixed release element or on the receptacle, in particular on the claw-like element. Although this camming surface may cooperate with a camming surface of the other element, in many cases it is sufficient if this other element merely has a "stop surface". having. By the "abutment surface" is meant any surface which can cooperate with the cam surface in the manner described; in particular, this abutment surface can also be formed by the tip of a pin, pins or the like and thus basically be arbitrarily small.

In an advantageous development, the front or the rear receptacle on two of said claw-like elements, of which a first by internal rotation of the ski boot and a second can be adjusted by external rotation of the ski boot in the open position. In this case, the torque required for this purpose of the ski boot relative to the forefoot fixing module for the first and the second claw-like element is differently adjustable, in particular so that the torque required to open the first claw-like element is less than the torque required to open the second claw-like element. This means that the ski boot triggers more easily in the event of a fall in the event of a fall, for example, in the event of a fall than in the case of a corresponding external rotation. Exercise-physiological examinations have shown that especially with internal rotation ligament injuries occur frequently, because in particular the cruciate ligament apparatus is more sensitive to internal rotation. In this respect, it is advantageous if the binding triggers more easily in such violent movements.

The asymmetry with regard to the tripping values can also be realized via differently set flanks or abutment surfaces of the shoe-resistant engagement element.

Preferably, the claw-like element between the closed and the open position is pivotable.

In an advantageous development, the release mechanism comprises a second cam surface or abutment surface, which is associated with the receptacle, in particular with the claw-like element. This second cam surface or abutment surface is adapted to cooperate with the boot-resistant release element such that a force exerted by the ski boot-resistant engagement element perpendicular to the sole plane supports or counteracts said biasing force of the claw-like element into the closed position, in particular such that a tensile force, which is directed perpendicular to the sole plane upwardly counteracts said biasing force of the claw-like element in its closed position. As mentioned above, there is a problem with conventional ones Telemark bindings in that the higher the heel is lifted from the ski, or the more the knee is bent, the more difficult the ski boot is released from the binding. A particular advantage of the construction according to the invention is that this widespread negative influence on the tripping behavior can be avoided in the prior art. According to the development described here, this behavior can instead be reversed, such that a tensile force that is perpendicular to the sole plane upwards, that occurs when lifting the heel in the telemark step counteracts said biasing force of the claw-like element in its closed position , and thus the trigger sensitivity even increases. In this way it can be ensured that the binding triggers especially in situations with bent knees, which are particularly prone to injury.

Preferably, the movable portion is connected via a linkage mechanism to the attachment portion of the forefoot fixing module such that the movable portion is movable relative to the attachment portion in a manner consisting of superimposing a pure pivotal movement and a translational movement to be physiologically To facilitate favorable rolling of the forefoot. In this case, the connection mechanism may preferably be formed by a roller bearing or a coupling gear.

The present invention further relates to a ski boot, which can be accommodated with a front end, in particular with a front sole extension, in a front receptacle of a ski binding according to one of the embodiments described above, and on or in the underside or laterally of the sole an engagement element which is suitable to be received in the rear of such a ski binding. The ski boot may have a kink fold.

Preferably, the ski boot comprises a cable pull mechanism with which the sole of the ski boot can be optionally stiffened. This makes it possible to perform the ski boot itself relatively soft and flexible, to allow a physiological and energy-saving upgrades in the flat terrain. At the same time, the sole may be partially stiffened by the cable-pulling mechanism to produce a shoe-side bending resistance favorable for the telemark descent, or fully stiffened, to an alpine descent or a steep stair-like rise without any flexing of the sole enable. Alternatively, instead of stiffening by a cable pull, the sole may be stiffened by pressure applied by a suitable element.

Preferably, the cable pulling mechanism can be operated via a lever, wherein the lever can be placed in a closed position in which cables of the cable pulling mechanism, which run under the sole of the ski boot, are stretched, and can be adjusted to an open position, in which Cable below the sole of the ski boot are loosely or less tensioned.

Preferably, the ski boot further comprises a shoe-side bending resistance module, which makes it possible to set a bending resistance of the ski boot in relation to a deflection of its sole. This shoe-side bending resistance module makes it possible to produce a shoe bending resistance which is suitable for the purposes of telemark descent in a ski boot which is comparatively flexible in itself.

1. 1) ein frei zum Unterteil rotierender Schuhschaft und eine biegeweiche Sohle, beispielsweise zum Aufstieg in flachem Gelände,
2. 2) ein zum Schuhunterteil rotationsfest arretierter Schuhschaft bei biegeweicher Sohle, beispielsweise für die Telemark-Abfahrt in weichem Schnee, und
3. 3) ein zum Schuhunterteil rotationsfest arretierter Schuhschaft bei biegesteifer Sohle, beispielsweise für die Abfahrt auf harter Piste oder bei einem treppenartigen Aufstieg in steilem Gelände.

In an advantageous development of the ski boot allows in the open position of the said lever, a rotation of the shaft of the ski boot relative to its lower part, while this rotation is blocked in the closed position of the lever. In this way, the ski boot can be easily and error-prone switched by operating a single lever between a rigid position with stiffened sole and solid shaft and a soft position with flexible sole and rotatable / pivotable shaft. Preferably, however, it is optionally possible in the open position of the lever, to block the shaft of the ski boot with respect to its lower part, for example, to allow a Telemark downhill with a solid shaft but flexible sole. For example, in addition to a lever that adjusts or removes the rotationally fixed locking of the shaft and shoe, a further lever may be provided, which biases the cable pulling mechanism running underneath the shoe and here activates an optionally present shoe-side bending resistance module. The two levers can be functionally connected in such a way that - although theoretically four different modes would be possible - only the three states that are useful for the practical application are permitted, namely

1. 1) a shoe upper rotating freely to the lower part and a flexible sole, for example for ascending in flat terrain,
2. 2) a shoe upper rotatably locked to the shoe upper shank in flexurally soft sole, for example, for the telemark descent in soft snow, and
3. 3) a shoe upper rotatably locked to the shoe upper shank with rigid sole, for example, for downhill on hard piste or a staircase-like climb in steep terrain.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Figur 1

eine schematische Ansicht einer Skibindung und eines Skischuhs nach einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung, wobei die Skibindung sowohl für die Telemark-Abfahrt, als auch für die alpine Abfahrt eingerichtet ist,

Figur 2

eine schematische Ansicht einer Skibindung nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung, die lediglich als Skitourenbindung ausgelegt ist,

Figur 3

eine schematische Ansicht einer Skibindung nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung, die als reine Telemark-Bindung ausgelegt ist,

Figur 4

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines vorfußfixierenden Moduls und eines Federmechanismus,

Figur 5a

eine Seitenansicht eines beweglichen Teils eines vorfußfixierenden Moduls,

Figur 5b

eine Draufsicht auf den beweglichen Teil des vorfußfixierenden Moduls von Figur 5a,

Figur 5c

eine Draufsicht auf einen beweglichen Teil eines vorfußfixierenden Moduls,

Figur 6

eine perspektivische, teilweise weggeschnittene Ansicht eines hinteren Federanschlags, eines Vorspannhebels und eines an diesem angelenkten weiteren Hebels,

Figur 7 und 8

perspektivische Ansichten eines Befestigungsabschnitts eines vorfußfixierenden Moduls und eines Vorspannhebels,

Figur 9

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines beweglichen Abschnitts eines vorfußfixierenden Moduls (inklusive eines hierin dargestellten schuhseitigen Angriffselements),

Figuren 10a und 10b

eine perspektivische Ansicht bzw. eine Seitenansicht einer Wälzkinematik

Figur 10c

eine Schaar von Linien, die die Bewegung der Wälzkinematik von Figuren 10a und 10b repräsentiert,

Figuren 10d und 10e

eine perspektivische Ansicht bzw. eine Seitenansicht eines Koppelgetriebes und

Figur 10f

eine Schaar von Linien, die die Bewegung des Koppelgetriebes von Figuren 10d und 10e repräsentiert.

Fig. 11

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Koppelgetriebes, auf dem eine vordere und eine hintere Aufnahme montiert ist,

Fig. 12

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Befestigungsabschnittes eines vorfußfixierenden Moduls nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform,

Fig. 13a bis 13c

perspektivische Ansichten und Schnittansichten des Befestigungsabschnitts von Fig. 12 mit unterschiedlichen Stellungen eines Multifunktionsexzenters,

Fig. 14a und 14b

perspektivische Ansichten eines vorfußfixierenden Moduls, welches den Befestigungsabschnitt von Fig. 12 und 13a bzw. 13c und einen beweglichen Abschnitt umfasst, der ähnlich wie derjenige von Fig. 9 ausgebildet ist, und

Fig. 15a und 15b

eine Seitenansicht bzw. eine Schnittansicht des vorfußfixierenden Moduls von Fig. 14a und 14b.

Further advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the following description in which the invention with reference to several embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings is explained in more detail. Show:

FIG. 1

a schematic view of a ski binding and a ski boot according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein the ski binding is set up for both the telemark descent, as well as for the alpine descent,

FIG. 2

a schematic view of a ski binding according to a development of the invention, which is designed only as a ski touring binding,

FIG. 3

a schematic view of a ski binding according to a development of the invention, which is designed as a pure telemark binding,

FIG. 4

a schematic side view of a forefoot fixing module and a spring mechanism,

FIG. 5a

a side view of a movable part of a forefoot fixing module,

FIG. 5b

a plan view of the movable part of the forefoot fixing module of FIG. 5a .

FIG. 5c

a plan view of a movable part of a forefoot fixing module,

FIG. 6

a perspective, partially cutaway view of a rear spring stop, a biasing lever and a hinged thereto further lever,

FIGS. 7 and 8

perspective views of a mounting portion of a forefoot fixing module and a biasing lever,

FIG. 9

a perspective view of another embodiment of a movable portion of a forefoot-fixing module (including a shoe-side engaging element shown herein),

Figures 10a and 10b

a perspective view and a side view of a Wälzkinematik

FIG. 10c

a bevy of lines representing the movement of the kinematics of Figures 10a and 10b represents

Figures 10d and 10e

a perspective view and a side view of a linkage and

FIG. 10f

a bevy of lines representing the movement of the linkage of Figures 10d and 10e represents.

Fig. 11

a perspective view of a linkage on which a front and a rear receptacle is mounted,

Fig. 12

a perspective view of a mounting portion of a forefoot-fixing module according to another embodiment,

Fig. 13a to 13c

perspective views and sectional views of the attachment portion of Fig. 12 with different positions of a multifunctional eccentric,

Figs. 14a and 14b

perspective views of a forefoot-fixing module, which the attachment portion of Fig. 12 and 13a or 13c and a movable section similar to that of Fig. 9 is trained, and

Figs. 15a and 15b

a side view and a sectional view of the forefoot fixing module of Figs. 14a and 14b ,

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a ski binding 10 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The ski binding 10 comprises a forefoot fixing module 12 having a mounting portion 14 which is mounted on a ski 16, and a movable portion 18 which is rotatably connected in the embodiment shown about a horizontal axis 20 with the mounting portion 14.

As in Fig. 1 3, the forefoot fixing module 12 serves to fix a front portion of a ski boot 22. For this purpose, the movable portion 18 of the forefoot-fixing module 12 comprises a front receptacle 24 for receiving the front end - in the illustrated embodiment, a front sole extension - the ski boot 22. The movable portion 18 further includes a rear receptacle 26, the Fig. 1 can not be seen in detail, but will be explained in more detail below. The rear seat 26 is adapted to a arranged on the underside of the sole of the ski boot 22 engaging element (in Fig. 1 not shown).

The movable portion 18 includes in the illustration of Fig. 1 a rigid plate or frame to which the front and rear receivers 24, 26 are attached. This means that a front portion of the ski boot 22 is fixed "flat" in the forefoot fixing module 12, without any deflection of the corresponding front portion the sole of the ski boot 22 is possible or intended. However, the mobility of the movable portion 18 relative to the mounting portion 14 of the forefoot-fixing module 12 allows a pivotal movement of the front shoe portion about the horizontal axis 20. Note that the connection via a hinge is only a technically particularly simple way, the movable portion 18 movable in With respect to the attachment portion 14, but that the invention is not limited to this movement pattern. Instead, it is also possible to design the movable portion 18 so movable relative to the mounting portion 14 that a superposition of rotational and translational movements is allowed, which corresponds to the natural rolling of the forefoot better than the simple rotation about the horizontal axis 20. Nevertheless, the movable portion 18 always so relative to the mounting portion 14 movable that this movement includes a pivoting or rotating component.

Out Fig. 1 Furthermore, it can be seen that only a relatively short section relative to the entire sole length of the ski boot 22 is held by the forefoot-fixing module 12, which is typically less than half, in particular less than one third of the sole length of the ski boot 22. In absolute terms, the length of the portion of the sole pinned in the forefoot fixing module 12 is less than 15 cm, preferably less than 13 cm, and more preferably less than 11.5 cm, and / or more than 4 cm, preferably more than 5 cm, and especially preferably more than 6 cm. In the presentation of Fig. 1 For example, the ski boot 22 has a kink 28, as known from conventional telemark ski boots, and the portion of the sole of the ski boot 22 that is fixed by the forefoot fixing module 12 lies completely in front of the intersection of the kink fold 28 with the ski boot sole. This means that the bending of the sole of the ski boot 22 provided by the fold 28 is not hindered by the fixation by the forefoot fixing module 12.

With the rear receptacle 26 is a release mechanism (in Fig. 1 not detectable) causing release of the front portion of the ski boot 22 from the forefoot fixing module 12 when a torque of the ski boot 22 relative to the forefoot fixing module 12 corresponding to a rotation of the ski boot 22 in the sole plane exceeds a threshold. This release mechanism allows a secure separation of the shoe 22 from the ski 16 at an excessive load, for example in the event of a fall.

As in further Fig. 1 can be seen, the ski binding 10 comprises a support 30 for the heel of the ski boot 22. With the aid of a heel element 32 shown only schematically, the heel of the ski boot 22 can be fixed on the support 30 to provide an alpine downhill mode.

Note that for an alpine downhill mode, a rigid ski boot sole is typically needed, while the sole of the ski boot 22 is flexible and the ski boot 22 also allows some deflection due to the crease 28. In the embodiment of Fig. 1 However, the flexural rigidity of the ski boot can be adjusted via a shoe-rear system. For this purpose, in the embodiment shown, a cable pull mechanism 34 with which the ski boot can be "braced" in order to increase its flexural rigidity. The cable pulling mechanism comprises a lever 36, by the operation of which the cables 38 running under the shoe sole can be tensioned to thereby stiffen the sole. In the Fig. 1 shown position of the lever 36 corresponds to a state in which the cables 38 are tensioned and the sole of the ski boot 22 is stiffened with it. In the embodiment shown, the lever 36 also locked in this position, a rotation / pivoting of the shaft of the ski boot 22 relative to the shoe lower part. The illustrated position of the lever 36 is also referred to as a "closed" position in the present disclosure. In this closed-lever configuration 36, the ski boot 22 is thus stiffened as a whole, as it is preferred for the alpine downhill style.

The lever 36 can also be adjusted to an open position (not shown) in which the blocking of the rotation of the shaft relative to the shoe lower part is canceled, and in which the train on the cables 38 is loosened at the same time, so that the sole of the ski boot 22 is deflected can be. Preferably, however, with the lever in the open position, it is optionally possible to block the boot of the ski boot relative to its bottom, for example to allow a telemark run with a solid shaft but a flexible sole, as explained above.

When the cables 38 are completely loose, the flexural resistance of the ski boot 22 is dictated solely by its intrinsic flexibility. However, it is also possible to adjust the flexural rigidity of the ski boot 22 by the cable pull mechanism 34, so that the flexural rigidity is higher than the intrinsic flexural rigidity of the ski boot itself, but less than in the case of completely rigid tensioning. For this purpose, a shoe-side bending resistance module 40 is provided, which generates a bending state-dependent bending resistance force, and may include, for example, a spring or a spring system. This shoe-side bending resistance module 40 serves to generate a pressure on the blade of the ski during the deflection of the shoe sole in the telemark step (additional). In conventional telemark ski boots, the intrinsic bending resistance - for example, compared to a hiking shoe - quite high, so he can provide a sufficient bending resistance for the telemark descent, but for the purposes of the rise, he is often harder than desirable. By contrast, with the shoe-side bending resistance module 40, the bending resistance of the shoe can be adjusted in relation to the application. For example, different high bending resistance can be specified to produce a different high blade pressure in telemark style, typically higher blade pressure for descents on a groomed runway and lower blade pressure for downhill skiing in deep snow. Furthermore, the bending resistance generated by the shoe-side resistance module 40 can also be further reduced or eliminated to allow for energy-saving ascent or cross-country skiing in the plane. Thereby, the intrinsic bending resistance of the shoe can be made smaller from the beginning than usual in conventional telemark shoes, in order to generally optimize the rolling behavior for ascent or in-plane running.

Finally, the cable pull mechanism 34 comprises a member 42, by the operation of the course of the cable 38 can be influenced, for example by actuation of an eccentric (not shown). By changing the course of the cables 38 under the shoe sole, the bending resistance development of the ski boot 22, i. H. the dependence of the bending resistance on the bending state of the sole are influenced, for example, from linear to progressive. Note that marketed telemark links with a beam often exhibit a highly progressive resistance, while drag deployment at side ties is typically less progressive or nearly linear. This behavior, familiar from conventional telemark bindings, can be replicated to some extent by adjusting the flexural resistance of the shoe 22.

Finally, the binding 10 comprises a spring mechanism 44 which is in Fig. 1 is indicated only schematically. The spring mechanism 44 generates a restoring force, in the case shown more precisely a restoring moment, between the movable portion 18 and the mounting portion 14 of the forefoot-fixing module 12, the lifting of the rear End of the movable portion 18 from the ski, for example, in the course of lifting the heel of the ski boot 22 at the telemark momentum, counteracts. This restoring moment serves to put pressure on the blade of the ski 16 in the telemark descent mode when the heel of the ski boot 22 is lifted off the ski 16. In conventional Telemarkbindungen a similar restoring moment is generated on the one hand on the cable, on the other hand on the bending moment of the ski boot sole, wherein the front sole projection of the ski boot, which is also referred to as a "beak", in a front part of the binding, the so-called "toe box" is rotationally clamped. When raising the heel, the beak clamped in the toe box, at least its front end, remains substantially in its position, so that the sole bends and deforms, in particular in the area of the crease. The occurring moment of resistance makes it possible to exert pressure on the ski blade. In addition, due to the kinematic arrangement of the toe box, the cable and the heel each other when kinking the shoe with the bending angle increasing force in the cable. This tensile force also ensures the grip of the shoe in the binding and generates a torque that leads to a further construction of the blade pressure.

Note that the cable pull necessary to generate the blade pressure simultaneously pushes the shoe tighter into the toe box and thus also results in a firmer fixation of the shoe in the binding, resulting in safety issues in the event of excessive loads, for example in the event of a fall. The release sensitivity of the shoe from the bond on the one hand and the resistance to lifting the heel, which is necessary for the construction of a blade pressure, generated by the bond are therefore linked together by design in conventional telemark bonds. This means that in practice often only unsatisfactory compromises between a safe release and a desired Abhebewiderstand can be generated. This problem is even compounded in practice because the strongest cable pull is created with the heel raised or knee bent. Sports medical examinations show that ligament injuries occur especially in falls with a bent knee, so that especially in the condition of a bent knee, a slight release of the shoe from the binding would be particularly desirable. In contrast, in the case of conventional telemark bindings, the cable pull is particularly high, especially in the flexed state of the knee, and thus the release of the shoe from the binding is made more difficult, which increases the risk of injury.

In the ski binding 10 of Fig. 1 however, the fixation of the shoe 22, more specifically, a front portion of the shoe 22 in the forefoot fixing module 12 is completely decoupled from the spring mechanism 44, which generates a restoring force when lifting the heel of the ski boot 22. Thus, the fixation of the forefoot in the forefoot-fixing module 12 alone can be designed taking into account safety aspects without having to compromise on an adequate restoring force. At the same time, the spring mechanism 44 offers additional degrees of freedom in adjustment, but also the variation of the restoring force in operation, which will become more apparent from the following description.

The spring mechanism 44 can be deactivated, so that the movable portion 18 can be rotated or pivoted without restoring torque, which then allows a power-saving walking in the plane or a power-saving climb with climbing skins under the ski 16.

• einen Telemark-Abfahrtsmodus, bei dem das Fersenelement 32 geöffnet ist, so dass die Ferse des Skischuhs 22 von der Fersenauflage 30 abgehoben werden kann, der Federmechanismus 44 aber aktiviert ist, um beim Abheben der Ferse ein gewünschtes Rückstellmoment zu erzeugen, mit dem Druck auf die Skispitze erzeugt werden kann,
• einen Langlauf- oder Aufstiegsmodus, der dem Telemark-Abfahrtsmodus entspricht, mit dem einzigen Unterschied, dass der Federmechanismus 44 deaktiviert ist, so dass die Ferse des Skischuhs 22 ohne nennenswerten Widerstand von der Fersenauflage 30 abgehoben werden kann, und
• einen Alpin-Abfahrtsmodus, in dem die Ferse des Skischuhs 22 mit Hilfe des Fersenelements 32 an der Fersenauflage 30 befestigt ist. Dieser Alpin-Abfahrtsmodus ist in Fig. 1 gezeigt.

The ski binding 10 in the in Fig. 1 shown variant thus allows three modes of operation, namely

• a telemark descent mode in which the heel member 32 is opened so that the heel of the ski boot 22 can be lifted off of the heel pad 30, but the spring mechanism 44 is activated to produce a desired restoring moment when the heel lifts off, with the pressure on the ski tip can be generated
• a cross-country or ascent mode corresponding to the telemark departure mode, with the sole difference that the spring mechanism 44 is deactivated, so that the heel of the ski boot 22 can be lifted off the heel pad 30 without appreciable resistance, and
• an alpine downhill mode in which the heel of the ski boot 22 is fastened to the heel support 30 by means of the heel element 32. This downhill skiing mode is in Fig. 1 shown.

Thus, the ski binding 10 combines in the in Fig. 1 embodiment shown, the functionalities of conventional ski touring bindings and conventional telemark bindings. In particular, it allows for improved ascent and, above all, improved walking with skis 16 on level terrain because it supports the use of flexible sole ski boots that are at least partially supportive over conventional ski touring bindings intended for use with rigid sole ski boots Allow rolling of the foot. At the same time it allows a similarly safe release behavior in falls as conventional ski touring bindings with footplate.

Compared to a conventional telemark binding, the telemark binding of Fig. 1 by an improved triggering behavior, which can be adjusted in particular without regard to the generation of a certain moment of resistance in the telemark descent, and which is fundamentally independent of the foot position or the flexion state of the knee, or even allows a facilitated triggering with a bent knee, as explained in more detail below. At the same time, the moment of resistance can also be adjusted more easily and flexibly, because no consideration has to be given to the adequate fastening of the shoe in the binding, as is usually the case with cable cable ties.

A special advantage in the ski binding 10 of Fig. 1 is that it allows both the telemark and alpine downhill modes. Many alpine-skiers and ski-tourers would be interested in occasionally skating on telemark terrain, especially on easy runs or in plain terrain, but are reluctant to pay for a second gear or before, in a difficult one Terrain to be overwhelmed with the telemark style. With the bond 10 of Fig. 1 Such skiers can always switch to the more familiar alpine downhill mode.

Nevertheless, it should be recognized that the ski binding 10 in the in Fig. 1 in terms of their functionality as a pure ski touring binding as well as in terms of their functionality as a pure telemark binding already offers significant advantages over conventional ski touring bindings or Telemarkbindungen. In this respect, it makes sense, the ski binding 10 of Fig. 1 alternatively as a pure ski touring binding 10 'in which the spring mechanism 44, which is needed only for the telemark descent mode, is omitted. This variant is in Fig. 2 shown. On the other hand, it is possible to dispense with the heel element 32 in order to create a pure telemark binding. Such a variant is under reference numeral 10 "in Fig. 3 shown. In both cases, however, the same forefoot-fixing occurs Module 12 and the same heel pad 30 used. In other words, the present invention allows a modular construction of a ski binding, which can be formed by different combinations of the same components as pure ski touring binding, pure telemark binding or combined ski touring telemark binding, particularly suitable for the very popular in Scandinavia ski hiking would.

Finally, the ski binding according to the invention can also be designed as a cross-country binding, which neither the spring mechanism 44 - or a weakened for the purpose of cross-country spring mechanism 44 - still contains a heel element 32. As a result, a cross-country binding can be obtained with an increased safety compared to conventional cross-country bindings, because the triggering function of the forefoot-fixing module 12 is used.

In Fig. 4 For example, a forefoot fixing module 12 and a spring mechanism 44 are shown in greater detail. The same reference numerals designate corresponding features of different figures.

Also in the embodiment of Fig. 4 For example, the forefoot fixing module 12 includes a mounting portion 14 and a movable portion 18 rotatably connected to the mounting portion 14 about a horizontal axis 20. The movable portion 18 of the forefoot fixing element 12 comprises a front receptacle 24, which in the embodiment of Fig. 4 is formed by a bracket which can embrace a front sole extension of a ski boot (not shown). Furthermore, the movable portion 18 comprises a rear receptacle 26, which comprises at least one claw-like element 46, which is hinged about a further horizontal axis 48 pivotally or on the movable portion 18. The claw-like element 46 is biased by a biasing mechanism (not shown) to a closed position, which in FIG Fig. 4 is shown. In this closed position, it can embrace an engagement element (not shown) which is mounted on or in the underside or laterally of the sole of an associated ski boot. The claw-like element 46 can be transferred to an open position by means of an actuating mechanism (not shown) in which the engagement element (not shown) is released. This mechanism can be actuated, for example, via a hand-pull (not shown).

The biasing mechanism of the claw-like element 46 has a bistable configuration such that the claw-like element 46 undergoes a metastable position in its counter-biased transfer to the open position and snaps into the open position (not shown) upon overcoming the metastable position. Alternatively, the biasing mechanism of the claw-like member 46 may be such that it is not opened until it enters the binding.

Instead of a claw-like element 46, two claw-like elements 46 arranged next to one another can also be provided, as can be seen in FIGS FIGS. 5a, 5b and 5c are shown. Fig. 5a Figure 10 is a side view of a movable part 18 of a forefoot fixing element 12 showing a front receptacle 24 in the form of a stirrup and a rear receptacle in the form of two claw-like elements 46 arranged side by side. Fig. 5b shows a corresponding plan view, in addition to a to be fastened to a ski boot attack element 50 is shown, which is encompassed by the two claw-like elements 46 in its closed position. Fig. 5a shows in dashed lines further the open position of the claw-like elements 46th

As in particular in the FIGS. 5a and 5b can be seen, the claw-like elements 46 have a cam surface 52 which in Fig. 5b hidden and therefore shown by dashed lines and a cam surface 53 of the engaging element 50 is opposite. When a ski boot is rotated in its sole plane with respect to the movable part 18 of the forefoot fixing element 12, the engagement element 50 fastened to its sole also rotates. If the engagement element 50 in the illustration of FIG Fig. 5b For example, rotates counterclockwise, the cam surface 53 of the engaging member 50 pushes the cam surface 52 of the in the representation of Fig. 5b upper claw-like element 46 against the biasing force of the claw-like element 46, in the open position. In this way, the engagement element 50 and thus the ski boot is released when the torque exceeds a predetermined threshold. This threshold is adjustable via the biasing force of the claw-like element 46, and can be adjusted to the skier's body weight and ability to safely disengage the ski boot from the binding, for example, in the event of a fall when the skier's leg is twisted in an injurious manner becomes.

In a clockwise rotation of the engaging member 50, however, the cam surface 52 of the lower claw-like member 46 is pushed by the cam surface 53 of the engaging member 50, so that in the illustration of Fig. 5b lower claw-like element 46 can be transferred with sufficient torque in the open position. The opening of one of the two claw-like elements 46 is sufficient to release the ski boot as a whole. It should be noted that the biasing forces of the two claw-like elements 46 can be adjusted independently of each other, so that the triggering torque can be adjusted depending on the direction. Sports medical examinations have shown that ligament injuries occur especially with an internal rotation of the ski against the body and thus the knee. In this case, it is therefore appropriate to choose the biasing force of that claw-like element 46, which is to be opened in an internal rotation, lower than that of the other claw-like element 46th

Fig. 5c shows a modification of the rear receptacle 26, in which the two claw-like elements 46 are not aligned coaxially with respect to their axes of rotation 48, but the axes of rotation 48 are tilted by 30 ° to each other. This arrangement shows a particularly advantageous tripping behavior.

The claw-like elements 46 allow a so-called "step-in function", such that the claw-like element 46 is closed when the engagement element 50 is entered from above into the open claw-like element 46.

Referring again to Fig. 4 It can be seen that the spring mechanism 44 comprises a compression spring 54 which is clamped between a front spring stop 56 and a rear spring stop 58. Both the front and the rear spring stop 56, 58 are displaceable in order to pretension or relieve the compression spring 54 accordingly. The front spring stop 56 has at its front end a cam surface 60 which interacts with a cam surface 62 on an extension 64 of the movable portion 18. When the movable portion 18 in the illustration of Fig. 4 is rotated counterclockwise about the horizontal axis 20, so pushes the cam surface 62 of the extension 64 of the movable portion 18, the front spring stop 56 on the cam surface 60 in the illustration of Fig. 4 to the right, whereby the compression spring 54 is compressed. In this way, upon rotation of the movable section 18 about the horizontal axis 20, a restoring moment is generated, whose rotation angle dependence is determined by the shape of the Cam surfaces 60, 62 can be specified exactly and as desired. Note that this return torque is the cause of at least a portion of the pressure on the blade of the ski when the skier lifts the heel in the telemark step and thereby the movable portion 18 in the illustration of FIG Fig. 4 turns counterclockwise. In this respect, it is possible via the design of the cam surfaces 60, 62 to provide a blade pressure (corresponding to the leg movement) freely and in an ideal manner. Note that the term "spring mechanism" is to be understood broadly and is not intended to imply any restrictions on the type or shape of the element involved in generating the restoring force. Further, the spring mechanism may also include an attenuator or the like.

The spring mechanism 44 further includes a biasing lever 66 pivotally coupled about a further horizontal axis 68 to the mounting portion 14. The biasing lever 66 has an approximately (inversely) U-shaped cross-section, and thus forms a cavity in which the compression spring 54 is received. To release the view of the compression spring 54, the biasing lever 66 is in Fig. 4 partially broken. On the top of the biasing lever 66 forms a footprint 70 for a ski boot when the biasing lever 66 in the in Fig. 4 is shown folded down position.

At a rear end of the biasing lever 66 is another lever 72 which is pivotally connected about a further horizontal axis 74 to the biasing lever 66. The further lever 72 engages in a recess 76 in the rear end of the rear spring stop 58 a. For biasing the compression spring 54 of the biasing lever 66 is first brought into a starting position, compared to the in Fig. 4 shown position is rotated by approximately 30 ° counterclockwise, ie in which the biasing lever 66 about the horizontal axis 68 by about 30 ° "folded" is. In this position, the end of the further lever 72 is inserted into the recess 76 in the rear spring stop 58. Then, the biasing lever 66 is folded down, preferably depressed, wherein the rear spring stop 58 is pushed over the other lever 72, against the biasing force of the compression spring 54, to the left. The maximum bias is reached just before the biasing lever 66 in Fig. 4 shown position, ie the "folded down" position reached, namely, when the other lever 72 is horizontal. Beyond this position, the compression spring 54 relaxes somewhat, so that the biasing lever 66 is held in the fully folded down position by the biasing force of the compression spring 54. The relatively large biasing force required to bias the compression spring 54 is determined by the geometry of the biasing lever 66 and by the fact that he is operable with the foot, easily apply.

Fig. 6 shows a slightly more detailed, perspective and partially cut away view of the rear spring stop 58, the biasing lever 66 and the hinged thereto further lever 72nd Wie Fig. 6 can be seen, the further lever 72 is connected via an eccentric element 78 with the biasing lever 66. By rotation of the eccentric element 78, therefore, the position of the axis of rotation 74 of the further lever 72 in the longitudinal direction of the ski binding 10 can be adjusted. In the in the FIGS. 4 and 6 In the embodiment shown, two positions of the axis of rotation 74 of the further lever 72 are provided which convey two different degrees of prestressing of the compression spring 54. The stronger of the two biases provides a higher return torque and the lower bias provides a lower return torque for the telemark departure mode. A higher return torque may be desirable, for example, when descending on a groomed runway, while a slightly lower restoring torque for the telemark runoff in deep snow is advantageous so that the bucket does not dig into the deep snow by excessive pressure. It is essential that these two bias configurations are preset, and that the skier comparatively easy between these two configurations (even on the slopes) can switch.

Note that the further lever 72 in the illustration of Fig. 4 can also be rotated clockwise so that it no longer engages in the recess 76 in the rear spring stop 58. In this case, the rear spring stop 58 unhindered to the rear, ie in the illustration of Fig. 4 to the right, are pushed so that the compression spring 54 can relax and no restoring torque is generated with respect to the pivoting of the movable part 18 of the forefoot fixing element 12. As a result, a cross-country or climb mode is realized in which the toe can be rotated about the horizontal axis 20 with virtually no resistance.

Regardless of the setting of the two telemark departure modes by the displacement of the rotation axis 74 of the further lever 72, the base load of the compression spring 54 may be preset, for example by the length of a spacer (not shown) between one end of the compression spring 54 and the front or the rear Spring stop 56, 58 is extended, or by the other lever 72 is adjustable in length, for example in the form of a left / right-threaded push rod. This presetting can be made, for example, in the ski workshop to the base load of the compression spring 54 in terms of the physical constitution of the driver, such as size, weight, leverage, force, etc., on the type and length of the ski, driving skills and / or to adjust to the subjective preferences. This default setting is typically not changed during the ski tour or the ski day. Only for the adaptation to the current conditions, in particular to the snow conditions, can by pressing the eccentric 78 of Fig. 6 and a concomitant displacement of the axis of rotation 74 of the further lever 72 between two different preset reset torques are selected.

FIGS. 7 and 8th 12 show perspective views of a further embodiment of the attachment portion 14 of the forefoot fixing module 12 and the biasing lever 66 in a more detailed illustration. In the presentation of the FIGS. 7 and 8th It can be seen that the biasing lever 66 has a (reverse) V-shaped profile 80 to which a frame 82 is connected to provide a sufficiently wide footprint for the ski boot. The biasing lever 66 in this embodiment also has bevelled front and rear end surfaces 84 in addition to the tapered side surfaces. In this configuration, the biasing lever 66 protects the compression spring 54 well against snow and ice, with the beveled surfaces acting as a type of snow clearance blade in particular. and further helping snow that collects on the binding to be forced out of the binding by the next downward movement of the shoe; This is particularly important in the reverse, in which other binds with snow enforce, of importance. This can be prevented in particular that the function of the compression spring 54 is affected by snow and ice. The operation of the biasing lever 66 is otherwise as in connection with the FIGS. 4 and 6 described.

Fig. 9 FIG. 12 shows a perspective view of another embodiment of a moveable portion 18 of a forefoot-fixing module 12. The moveable portion 18 includes a rigid bottom plate 86, at the front end of which is formed a front receptacle 24 for the front soleplate of a ski boot (not shown). Here, alternatively, the bracket used in the previous embodiment could again be used to make the system usable for different shoe standards. At the rear end of the bottom plate 86, a rear receptacle 26 is provided, which consists of two claw-like elements 46 is formed becomes. The claw-like elements 46 in this case consist of angled levers 88, which are hinged about a horizontal axis 90 rotatably on the bottom plate 86. At the in the presentation of Fig. 9 upper ends of the angled lever 88 is provided in each case a pin or pin 92 which is intended to engage in a groove-like recess 94 of a engaging element 50, which similar to the engagement element 50 of Fig. 5b at the bottom of a ski boot (in Fig. 9 not shown).

Fig. 9 shows the claw-like elements 46 of the rear receptacle 26 in a closed position in which the angled levers 88 are biased by the spring force of a spring member 91 in the counterclockwise direction about the horizontal axis 90, whereby a ski boot on the attached engagement element 50 in the movable part 18 of the forefoot fixing module 12 is held.

In the groove-like recess 94, a cam surface 96 is formed. Upon rotation of the fixed ski boot, the ends 98 of the pins 92 slide along the cam surface 96 of the engagement element 50, whereby the two claw-like elements 46 in the illustration of Fig. 9 be rotated clockwise about the horizontal axis 90. The amount of rotation of the individual claw-like elements 46 in the illustration of Fig. 9 depends on the direction of rotation of the shoe around its vertical axis. Once this rotation exceeds a position at which the longer portion of the respective angled lever 88 is aligned with the spring member 91, the action of the spring 91 rotates, ie the claw-like element 46 is then rotated by the force of the spring 91 in a clockwise direction, ie in an open position in which the engagement element 50 is released. Again, the claw-like elements 46 thus have a bistable configuration.

The tip 98 of each pin 92 forms a "stop surface" which has a similar function as the cam surface 52 of the claw-like element 46 of FIGS FIGS. 5a and 5b , The skilled person will appreciate that it is sufficient for the interaction of a claw-like element 46 and the engagement element 50, if one of these elements has a cam surface in the strict sense and the other has a nonspecific stop member.

Similar to the embodiment of the FIGS. 5a to 5c the claw-like elements 46 here are independent of each other, so that the respective bias of the spring element 91 can be set differently. This can in turn be achieved be that the tripping torque for an internal rotation is lower than for an external rotation of the ski boot.

Note also that in the Fig. 9 shown closed representation formed by the tip or the end 98 of the respective pin 92 stop surface is vertically above the axis of rotation 90 of the claw-like elements 46. This means that one in the representation of Fig. 9 vertical pull on the engagement element 50 no torque on the angled lever 88 of the claw-like elements 46 exerts, and thus has no influence on the triggering function of the rear receptacle 26. It should be noted that such a vertical pull occurs in particular when the skier lifts the heel of the ski boot against the restoring moment of the spring mechanism 44 during the telemark descent. In conventional telemark bindings, where the cable pull is used both to fix the shoe in the binding and to generate the return torque, the flexed knee and heel lift fixation is also increased due to the increased cable pull, making the shoe more difficult to release from the binding , This is disadvantageous since ligament injuries are observed especially in knee-flexing situations.

In contrast, the tripping behavior of the rear receptacle 26 is independent of a vertical pull on the engagement element 50. It is with the construction of Fig. 9 but even possible to reduce the triggering moment for raised heel situations. This could deviate from the representation of Fig. 9 the length of the pins 92 are extended, so that the point of application of the pins 92 in the groove-like recess 94 of the engaging element 50 in the illustration of Fig. 9 lie to the left of the vertical plane of the rotation axis 90. In this case, a vertical pull on the engagement element 50, as occurs in the telemark swing with the knee flexed and the heel raised, creates a torque on the angled lever 88, which acts in a clockwise direction, via the groove-like recess 94 and the bottom of the pin 92. Thus, the biasing force of the spring 91 counteracts in this situation. This means that the rear receptacle 26 is more easily released in this particularly vulnerable situation. The underside of the pin 92 forms a "second stop surface" in the sense of the present disclosure.

In the embodiments shown above, the movable portion 18 of the forefoot fixing module 12 is always hinged about a horizontal axis 20 rotatably on the mounting portion 14. This, together with a flexible sole of the ski boot 22 already allows a pleasant and energy-efficient walking especially in flat terrain, where, for example, the ski touring with stiff sole forces a relatively non-physiological gait. In the context of the invention, it is possible to further improve the mobility between the movable portion 18 and the mounting portion 14, so that a basically existing pivoting or rotary movement is still superimposed a translational or rolling motion, so that the resulting movement of a natural rolling motion of the foot corresponds better. In the Figures 10 corresponding connection mechanisms are shown. Figures 10a and 10b The rolling kinematics 100 has a lower part 102, which may be part of the fixing portion 14 of a forefoot fixing module 12, and an upper part 104, which is part of the movable portion 18 of the forefoot fixing module 12 may be. The upper portion 104 has an upper surface 106 on which front and rear seats 24, 26 of any of the types described above may be mounted.

On the underside of the upper part 104 rolling surfaces 108 are formed, which accommodate a natural rolling movement of the forefoot. In particular, the Wälzkinematik 100 of the Figures 10a and 10b putting on the foot starting with a deeper heel. Fig. 10c shows a family of lines showing the positions of the upper surface 106 in the rolling motion. As can be seen therein, the movement is not just a pure pivotal movement of the upper surface 106, but a rolling motion, but also has a rotational component.

Fig. 10d and Fig. 10e The coupling gear 110 comprises two pairs of levers or links 112 which are each articulated at one end to a lower plate 114 and at the other end to an upper plate 116. The lower plate 114 may be part of the attachment portion 14 and the upper plate 116 may be part of the movable portion 18 of a forefoot-fixing module 12. In the illustrated arrangement and dimensioning of the links 112, a movement pattern of the upper plate 116 relative to the lower plate 114, which results in Fig. 10f is shown in a family of curves. Here, too, putting on of the foot is made possible starting from a lower heel when putting on. The resulting movement is in turn the superposition of a rotation and a translation that better meets the physiological conditions when walking than a pure rotary motion. The rotational part of the movement refers here to a virtual fulcrum, ie not to an actual single pivot.

Further, on the top plate 116, front and rear receivers 24, 26 can be mounted, as shown in FIG Fig. 11 is shown in a perspective view.

As is apparent from the foregoing description, an essential aspect of the ski binding of the invention is that a restoring force, in particular a restoring moment between the movable portion 18 and the mounting portion 14 of the forefoot fixing module 12 is generated via a spring mechanism, the lifting or a counteracts the rear end of the movable portion 18 of the forefoot fixing module 12 from the ski. This can be achieved in a particularly practical manner with a compression spring 54 which is disposed between a front and a rear spring stop 56, 58, wherein in operation the position of the rear spring stop 58 is fixed with respect to the mounting portion 14 and the movable portion 18 of Forefoot fixing module 12 cooperates with the front spring stop 56 such that the front spring stop 56 is pushed against the bias of the compression spring 54 to the rear, when the rear end of the movable portion 18 of the forefoot fixing module 12 is raised, that is moved away from the ski. As related to Fig. 4 has been explained, this interaction between the movable portion 18 of the forefoot-fixing module 12 and the front spring stop 56 can be effected for example by suitable cam surfaces 60 and 62, on the geometric configuration then the restoring force as a function of the rotational angle of the movable portion 18 of the forefoot-fixing module 12th can be specified.

While the position of the rear spring stop 58 basically remains unchanged in operation relative to the attachment portion 14 of the forefoot-fixing module 12, ie does not move when raising and lowering the ski boot, the position of the rear spring stop 58 can nevertheless be adjusted to a desired bias - To generate or restoring force. An example of this was in connection with the embodiment of Fig. 4 explained, in which the position of the rear spring stop 58 can be specified by the position of the eccentric element 78 in order to produce different degrees of bias. Furthermore, the rear spring stop 58 can also be "released", so that it does not form a repository for the compression spring 54, which then a virtually resistance-free Turning or pivoting of the movable portion 18 of the forefoot fixing module 12 is permitted.

In the in Fig. 4 In the embodiment shown, the rear spring stop 58 is brought into the desired position using the biasing lever 66 and in cooperation with the further lever 72 which, in turn, defines the degree of preload and thus the restoring force and the restoring moment, respectively. Note that in the present disclosure, "preload" also means situations in which the compression spring 54 is still fully relaxed when the trailing end of the moveable portion 18 is in its lowest position, that is, the heel of one held in the ski binding Ski boot rests on the heel support 30, and the spring 54 is only tensioned when the heel is raised. However, the biasing lever 66 is only one way to bring the rear spring stop 58 into the desired position, but the invention is by no means limited thereto, and other implementations are possible.

A comparatively simple implementation uses instead of the biasing lever 66 and the further lever 72 Fig. 4 with which the rear spring stop 58 is pushed into the desired position, one or more tension elements with which the rear spring stop 58 can be pulled into the desired position. This tension element can be arranged parallel, in particular coaxially with the spring element 54, which allows a particularly compact construction. The one or more tension element (s) preferably cooperate with an actuating element which engages a front portion, in particular at the front end of the tension member and allows to move the front end of the tension member in the longitudinal direction of the ski binding, thereby the position of the rear Preset spring stop 58.

An example of a ski binding in which the rear spring stop 58 is adjusted by means of tension elements and an associated actuating element is in Fig. 12 and 13 shown.

Fig. 12 shows a perspective view of a mounting portion 14 of a forefoot-fixing module 12, which corresponds to that of Fig. 4 is similar, except that instead of the tensioning lever 66 tension elements, in the illustrated embodiment, spring pins 118 are used, which cooperate with an actuating element, in the illustrated embodiment is formed by a multi-function eccentric 120. In Fig. 12 have the same or corresponding components the same reference numerals as in the preceding figures. As in Fig. 12 can be seen, includes the spring mechanism 44 in the embodiment of Fig. 12 two compression springs 54 which are supported at their rear end to a rear spring stop 58 and at its front end to a front spring stop 56. The said spring pins 118 extend through the front spring stop 56, the compression springs 54 and the rear spring stop 58 and have at their rear end in each case a nut 121 with which the rear spring stop 58 is held axially on the spring pins 118. Via the position of the nuts 121, a desired preloading degree of the two compression springs 54 can be specified. The combination of the front spring stop 56 with cam surface 60, the spring pins 118, the stop pin 119, the compression springs 54, the rear spring stop 58 and the nuts 121 is hereinafter referred to as "spring unit" 117 (s. Fig. 12 ) designated. The reference numeral 117 is for clarity in the FIGS. 13a-15b Not shown.

The multifunctional eccentric 120 has a circular cylindrical outer shape and a circular cylindrical inner cavity 122, whose longitudinal axis offset from the longitudinal axis of the outer cylinder, i. is arranged "eccentrically". In the multi-function eccentric 120, circumferentially extending slots 124 are provided, which each extend to an opening 126.

At the front ends of the spring pins 118, a head 128 is provided in each case, which in Fig. 13a to 13c you can see. The opening 126 is sized so that the head 128 of the associated spring mandrel 118 can be passed therethrough. However, the width of the slots 124 is narrower than the diameter of the heads 128. Finally, the multifunctional eccentric 120 includes an operating lever 130, by the operation of which the multifunctional eccentric 120 can be rotated about the central axis of the outer cylinder. The spring pins 118 each have a stop pin 119, by means of which the compression springs 54 can be biased without the spring pins 118 are mounted on the multi-function eccentric.

Hereinafter, the function of the multi-function eccentric 120 will be described with reference to FIG Fig. 13a to 13c explained.

Fig. 13a to 13c each show a perspective view and an associated sectional view of a portion of the mounting portion 14 of Fig. 12 at different positions of the multifunctional eccentric 120. Fig. 13a shows a first position in which the openings 126 of the Multifunktionsexzenters 120 are aligned with the spring pins 118. Accordingly, the rear spring stop 58 in this position of the Multifunktionsexzenters 120 is not fixed relative to the mounting portion 14, and the movable portion 18 of the forefoot-fixing module 12 can rotate without resistance in this position of the Multifunktionsexzenters 120, wherein in the course of rotation, the entire spring unit 117, consisting of the front spring stop 56, the spring pins 118, the stop pin 119, the compression springs 54, the rear spring stop 58 and the nuts 121 is pushed backwards. This position of the multi-function eccentric 120 thus provides an uphill or touring function that allows a force-saving lifting of the heel of the ski boot. Here, the said spring unit 117, which is displaced after the first lifting of the heel to the rear, for example, remain lying in the attachment portion 14. Alternatively, however, the spring unit 117 can also be removed from the attachment section 14 and transported during the ascent, for example in a backpack, before it is used again for departure. In the in Fig. 13a For this purpose, the spring pins 118 can be inserted through the associated opening 126 until the heads 128 are located in the cavity 122 of the multifunctional eccentric 120.

By operating the operating lever 130, the multi-function eccentric 120 can then be rotated to a second position, which in Fig. 13b is shown. In this second position, the spring pins 118 no longer pass through the opening 126, but only through the slots 124, so that the heads 128 of the spring pins 118 undercut the associated slot 124. To put it clearly, the heads 128 of the spring pins 118 are "suspended" in the multifunction eccentric 120. At the same time, due to the eccentric position of the cavity 122 of the multifunctional eccentric 120, the spring pins 118 are pulled forward in the course of the rotation, whereby the rear spring stop 58 is also pulled forward and the compression springs 54 can be pretensioned. In the in Fig. 13b shown second position, the compression springs 54 are not yet or at most only slightly biased. This corresponds to a resistance moment development at a low level, as is desirable for example for the telemark downhill in deep snow.

When the multifunctional eccentric 120 is moved from the second position of Fig. 13b Continue to the in Fig. 13c shown displaced third position, which is also the in Fig. 12 shown position, the spring pins 118 are further pulled forward, whereby the compression springs 54 are further biased. This corresponds to a moment of resistance development at a high level, as is desirable, for example, for telemark descent in hard slope conditions.

In the Fig. 12 and 13a to 13c Initially, only the attachment portion 14 of the forefoot fixing module 12 was shown. Fig. 14a, 14b . 15a and 15b show various views of the entire forefoot fixing module 12, consisting of the same attachment portion 14 of Fig. 12 and 13a to 13c and a movable portion 18 which is formed similar to that of Fig. 9 , Show concretely Figs. 14a and 14b two perspective top views of the forefoot fixing module 12, Fig. 15a a side view of the forefoot fixing module 12 and Fig. 15b a sectional side view on which the position of the angled lever 88 is particularly clear. For the sake of clarity, the front shot in the representation of Fig. 14a, 14b . 15a and 15b omitted, it would preferably by a bracket such as the bracket 24 of Fig. 4 educated.

Similar to already in connection with Fig. 9 described here, the movable portion 18 of the forefoot fixing module 12 includes a rigid bottom plate 86, at the rear end of a rear receptacle 26 is provided, which is formed from two claw-like elements 46. Again, the two claw-like elements 46 are formed by angled levers 88, which are hinged about a horizontal axis 90 rotatably mounted on the bottom plate 86 and biased by a spring element 91. At the upper ends of the angled levers 88, pins 92 are again provided which are intended to engage in a groove-like recess of an engagement member (not shown) to be secured to a bottom of a ski boot (not shown) , The in the representations of Fig. 14a and 15b Rear angled lever 88 is in the closed position. The front angled lever 88 is in the dead center position in which the spring element 91 is aligned with the adjacent portion of the angled lever 88. Once the angled lever 88 from this position in the representation of Fig. 15b is further rotated clockwise, the action of the spring member 91 is reversed and the angled lever 88 is tensioned in an open position.

The description of the preferred embodiments and the drawings is only illustrative of the invention and the advantages achieved thereby, but is not intended to limit the invention. The scope of the invention arises solely from the following claims.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10, 10 ', 10 "

ski binding

12

forefoot fixing module

14

attachment section

16

ski

18

moving section

20

axis of rotation

22

ski boot

24

front intake

26

rear intake

28

crease

30

edition

32

heel element

34

Kabelzugmechanismus

36

lever

38

electric wire

40

Flexural modulus

42

Element for influencing the course of the cable 38

44

spring mechanism

46

claw-like element

48

axis of rotation

50

engaging member

52

cam surface

53

cam surface

54

compression spring

56

front spring stop

58

rear spring stop

60

cam surface

62

cam surface

64

extension

66

priming lever

68

axis of rotation

70

stand plate

72

another lever

74

axis of rotation

76

recess

78

eccentric

80

V-Profile

82

frame element

84

oblique end face

86

baseplate

88

angled lever

90

axis of rotation

91

spring element

92

pen

94

groove-like recess

96

cam surface

98

Tip / end of the pin 92

100

Wälzkinematik

102

lower part of the Wälzkinematik 100

104

Upper part of the Wälzkinematik 100

106

upper surface of the upper part 104

108

rolling surfaces

110

coupling gear

112

Controls / Bars

114

lower plate

116

upper plate

118

spring arbor

119

stop pin

120

Multifunktionsexzenter

121

mother

122

cavity

124

slot

126

opening

128

head

130

operating lever

Claims (15)

Ski binding (10) for attaching a ski boot (22) with a fixed or flexible sole on a ski (16), comprising: - A forefoot fixing module (12) with • a fastening portion (14) for attachment to a ski (16), and A movable section (18) which is rotatable relative to the attachment section (14) so that at least one rear end of the movable section (18) can lift off the ski (16), and a support (30) for the heel of the ski boot (22), wherein the movable portion (18) of the forefoot fixing module (12) comprises: - A front receptacle (24) for receiving a front end of the ski boot (22), in particular a front sole extension, and a rear receptacle (26) which is suitable for receiving an engagement element (50) arranged on or in the underside or laterally of the sole of the ski boot (22), wherein the front and rear seats (24, 26) together are adapted to secure a front portion of the ski boot (22) in the forefoot fixing module (12),
wherein a release mechanism is associated with the front and / or rear receptacle (24, 26) that effects release of the front portion of the ski boot (22) from the forefoot fixing module (12) when a torque of the ski boot (22) is opposite that of FIG Forefoot fixing module (12), which corresponds to a rotation of the ski boot in the sole plane exceeds a threshold,
the ski binding - Having a telemark departure mode, in which the movable portion (18) of the forefoot fixing module (12) with respect to the attachment portion (14) is rotatable without bending or kinking the front portion of the ski boot (22) received therein, and in which by means of a spring mechanism (44) a restoring force, in particular a restoring moment between the movable portion (18) and the Attachment (14) is generated, which counteracts a lifting of the rear end of the movable portion (18) of the forefoot fixing module (12) from the ski (16), and / or - has a cross-country or ascent mode in which the movable portion (18) of the forefoot fixing module (12) is rotatable with respect to the attachment portion (14) without bending the front portion of the ski boot (22) received therein or kinked, wherein the mechanical coupling between the forefoot fixing module (12) and the fastening element is such that a restoring moment between the movable portion (18) and the mounting portion (14) upon rotation of the movable portion (18) the Vorfußfixierenden module (12) generates by 35 ° a torque which is less than 5 Nm, preferably less than 3 Nm, more preferably less than 2 Nm, more preferably less than 1 Nm and in particular equal to 0, and / or - Has an alpine downhill mode, in which the heel of the ski boot (22) by means of a heel element (32) on the support (30) can be fastened. The ski binding (10) of claim 1, wherein the front and rear receivers (24, 26) of the movable portion (18) of the forefoot fixing module (12) are mounted on a rigid plate (86) or rigid frame, and / or in which the restoring force or the restoring moment of the spring mechanism (44) is adjustable according to the physical constitution of the skier, the terrain to be traveled and / or personal preferences. A ski binding (10) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the spring rate of the spring mechanism (44) is such that in the telemark departure mode, the restoring force is 35 for rotation of the movable portion (18) of the forefoot fixing module (12) ° from the position where the heel of the Ski boot (22) rests on the support (30), a torque of at least 15 Nm, preferably of at least 16 Nm, more preferably at least 17 Nm, more preferably at least 18 Nm, more preferably at least 19 Nm and in particular at least 20 Nm generated, and / or in which the spring mechanism (44) is switchable between at least two preset configurations in which different strong restoring forces or restoring moments for the telemark departure mode are generated. Ski binding (10) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the spring mechanism (44) is associated with an operating element (66, 72), with which the spring mechanism (44) for generating the restoring force or the restoring torque or in the course of switching between said can be biased at least two preset configurations, wherein the operating element (66) is preferably operated with the foot,
wherein the operating element is preferably formed by a biasing lever (66), in particular by a biasing lever (66), which also serves as a base plate (70) for the ski boot (22). Ski binding (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the spring mechanism (44) comprises a spring, in particular a compression spring (54), which is arranged under the sole of a ski boot received in the ski binding (10), and in particular below one through the is located stand plate (70) formed said biasing lever (66),
a lever (72) preferably being disposed on the biasing lever (66) and cooperable with a portion (58) of the spring mechanism (44) for causing rotational movement of the biasing lever (66) into biasing movement of the spring mechanism (44). translated,
wherein the further lever (72) preferably passes through a dead center of maximum pretension during pretensioning of the spring mechanism (44),
wherein the position of the axis of rotation (74) of the further lever (72) is preferably adjustable on the biasing lever (66) between at least two stable positions to implement said at least two configurations of the spring mechanism (44). A ski binding (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the front and / or rear seats (24, 26) comprise at least one claw-like element (46) which is adjustable between open and closed positions,
the claw-like element (46) being capable, in its closed position, of embracing or engaging the front end of the ski boot (22), in particular the front sole extension or said engagement element (50), the claw-like element (46) in FIG the closed position is biased and wherein said release mechanism comprises a first cam surface (52) or abutment surface (98) associated with the receptacle (24, 26), in particular with the claw-like element (46),
wherein the first cam surface (52) or abutment surface (98) is designed and arranged to cooperate with a ski boot-resistant trigger element (50, 53, 94, 96) such that the claw-like element (46) during a rotation of the ski boot (22 ) can be adjusted to the open position in the sole plane via the ski boot-resistant release element (50, 53, 94, 96) and the first cam surface (52) or abutment surface (98). Ski binding (10) according to claim 6, wherein the ski boot-fixed release element (53, 94, 96) by a portion of said engagement element (50), in particular by a provided on the engagement element (50) cam surface (54, 96) or stop surface is formed , and or
in which the front or rear receptacle (24, 26) has two of said claw-like elements (46), of which a first can be adjusted by internal rotation of the ski boot (22) and a second by external rotation of the ski boot (22) in the open position .
wherein the required torque of the ski boot (22) relative to the forefoot fixing module (12) for the first and the second claw-like element (46) is differently adjustable, in particular so that the torque required to open the first claw-like element (46) is lower as the torque required to open the second claw-like element (46). A ski binding (10) according to any one of claims 6 and 7, wherein the claw-like member (46) is pivotable between the closed and open positions. A ski binding (10) according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the release mechanism comprises a second cam surface or abutment surface associated with the receptacle, in particular with the claw-like element (46).
wherein the second cam surface or abutment surface is adapted to cooperate with the boot resistant trigger member (94, 96) such that a force exerted by the ski boot resistant engagement member (50) perpendicular to the sole plane causes said biasing force of the claw member (46) to the closed position supports or counteracts, in particular such that a tensile force, which is directed perpendicular to the sole plane, counteracts said biasing force of the claw-like element (46) in its closed position. A ski binding (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the movable portion (18) is connected to the attachment portion (14) of the forefoot fixing module (12) via a link mechanism (100, 110) such that the movable portion (18) faces the attachment portion (14) is movable in a manner which consists of a superposition of a pure pivoting movement and a translational movement to facilitate a physiologically favorable rolling of the forefoot. The ski binding (10) according to claim 10, wherein the connection mechanism is formed by a rolling bearing (100) or a coupling gear (110). Ski boot (22), which can be accommodated with a front end, in particular with a front sole extension in a front seat of a ski binding according to one of claims 1 to 11, and on or in the underside or laterally of the sole of an engaging element (50) which is suitable to be received in the rear receptacle (26) of a ski binding according to one of claims 1 to 11. A ski boot (22) according to claim 12 having a crease (28) and / or a cable pulling mechanism (34) for selectively stiffening the sole of the ski boot (22). Ski boot (22) according to claim 13, wherein the cable pulling mechanism (34) can be confirmed via a lever (36), wherein the lever (36) can be placed in a closed position in which the cables (38) of the cable pulling mechanism (34 ) running under the sole of the ski boot (22) are tensioned and can be adjusted to an open position in which the cables (38) below the sole of the ski boot (22) are loosely or less tensioned. Ski boot (22) according to one of claims 12 to 14, comprising a boot-side bending resistance module (40), which makes it possible to set a bending resistance of the ski boot (22) against bending of its sole, and / or in which, when the lever (36 ) allows a rotation of a shaft of the ski boot (22) relative to its lower part and is blocked in the closed position of the lever (36).

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