EP2891168A1 - Schaltungsanordnung zum ansteuern eines bistabilen relais - Google Patents
Schaltungsanordnung zum ansteuern eines bistabilen relaisInfo
- Publication number
- EP2891168A1 EP2891168A1 EP13753170.3A EP13753170A EP2891168A1 EP 2891168 A1 EP2891168 A1 EP 2891168A1 EP 13753170 A EP13753170 A EP 13753170A EP 2891168 A1 EP2891168 A1 EP 2891168A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- circuit arrangement
- relay
- series
- output
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
- H01H47/226—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil for bistable relays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
- H01H47/32—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device
- H01H47/325—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device by switching regulator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/44—Magnetic coils or windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/64—Driving arrangements between movable part of magnetic circuit and contact
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
- H01H47/32—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device
Definitions
- a relay is generally understood to mean an electromagnetically operated switching device, that is to say a low-power relay as well as a DC or AC contactor designed for higher powers.
- the bistable relay For a bistable relay to assume a defined switching state when the supply voltage fails, the bistable relay is often arranged in the series connection with a capacitor. When the supply voltage is removed, the energy stored in the capacitor can be used to bring the relay into a defined switching state, usually in the switched-off state.
- capacitor usually an electrolytic capacitor is used.
- the above-mentioned circuit arrangement can be suitable for such a bistable relay, in which the switching on or off of the relay via power surges of different polarity by a single coil of the relay, hereinafter called Re- laisspule, takes place or for a bistable relay, in which in each case a separate relay coil for the on or off is present.
- Re- laisspule a single coil of the relay
- a bistable relay in which in each case a separate relay coil for the on or off is present.
- To operate the relay it is necessary in each case to apply a minimum voltage to the relay coil for a minimum period of time. Due to the Aufladeg. Discharge of the switched in series with the bistable relay capacitor adjusts itself about the relay coil during the switching process in an approximately exponentially increasing or decreasing voltage drop.
- a capacitor with a relatively large capacity must be selected, or the supply voltage can be selected so high that even after the predetermined switching time Voltage at the relay coil is still high enough.
- a capacitor with a larger capacity is not desirable because of space and cost reasons.
- An increase in the supply voltage is disadvantageous, because then under certain circumstances, at least at the beginning of charging or discharging the capacitor is applied to a high voltage to the relay coil, which can reduce the life of the relay.
- At least one voltage regulator is provided, which regulates the voltage applied to the relay coil of the bistable relay voltage so that it does not exceed a predetermined voltage.
- the voltage applied to the relay coil voltage is controlled so that it does not exceed a predetermined voltage, the voltage applied directly to the relay coil is limited. Due to the limitation of the voltage across the relay coil flows due to the given internal resistance of the relay coil according to a limited in its height current through the relay coil. Thus, the current flow through the capacitor is limited, since this is largely given by the current flowing through the relay coil current.
- the time constant during the charging or discharging of the capacitor is also limited, whereby the duration of the current surge through the relay coil is extended compared to a circuit arrangement without the at least one voltage regulator. It is so limited by the relay coil for switching on or off the relay on the one in its voltage level, so that damage to the relay coil can be prevented, and on the other hand, the duration of the surge to actuate the relay at the same capacity of the capacitor extended.
- the capacitance of the capacitor can be chosen smaller than in a circuit arrangement without the at least one voltage regulator.
- the first and the second semiconductor switch can each be separate elements. Alternatively it is possible to implement the function of the first and / or second semiconductor switch by switching elements of the at least one voltage regulator.
- a first and / or second voltage regulator are provided, each having an input, an output and a control connection, wherein at the voltage-controlled output relative to the control connection sets a voltage whose absolute value does not exceed a predetermined voltage, and wherein the input to the first and second semiconductor switches and the output and the control terminal are each connected to an output terminal for the relay coil.
- the first or second voltage regulator in each case has a series transistor whose control input is connected in each case via a series circuit of a Zener diode and a diode to the control terminal and is connected in each case via a resistor to the input.
- the diode and the Zener diode are connected antiserially to one another within their series connection.
- the series transistors of the first and of the second voltage regulator are complementary to one another, in particular NPN or PNP bipolar transistors or n-channel or p-channel MOSFETs.
- the embodiments mentioned represent uncomplicated and well suited implementations for the voltage regulators.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a first embodiment of a circuit arrangement for driving a bistable relay
- Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the circuit arrangement of the first
- connection 1 1 for a positive supply voltage of V +, a connection 12 (ground connection, GND ground) and a control input 13. Parallel to the connection 1 1 and the
- the bistable relay is connected to its coil 1, hereafter referred to as relay coil 1, via a first output terminal 14 and a second output terminal 15 connected to the circuit arrangement.
- the relay switches depending on a level at the control input 13 and depending on whether the terminal 1 1 for the supply voltage V + with respect to the ground terminal 12 is at least applied to a predetermined minimum voltage.
- a discriminator 10 For monitoring the magnitude of the supply voltage V +, a discriminator 10 is provided which outputs a logic signal at an output. If the level of the supply voltage reaches or exceeds the minimum voltage, a signal with the logic level "1" is present at the output of the discriminator 10, otherwise a signal with the logic level "0".
- the output of the discriminator 10 is connected to an input of a logic module 9, the control input 13 to a further input of this logic module 9.
- the logic module 9 is designed as a NAND gate, so that at its output only a signal of logic "0" is applied , if both inputs are at logical "1".
- the relay switches on (is set) if a signal of logic "0" is present at the output of the logic module 9. If a signal of logic "1” occurs at the output of the logic module 9, Turns off the bistable relay (will reset).
- the relay is thus set when both a supply voltage V + of sufficient magnitude (greater than or equal to the minimum voltage) is present, and the control input 13 is supplied with a logic level of logic "1" In the other cases, so if the Supply voltage V + is below the minimum voltage and / or the control input 13 has a logic level of logic "0", the relay is reset.
- a reverse switching logic can be realized. It can be provided that the logic signals assume levels in accordance with the TTL logic. Furthermore, voltage values of other common logic levels, such. B. LVTTL, CMOS 1, 8V, CMOS 2.5V or CMOS 5V to control the relay at the control input 13 possible.
- the relay coil 1 is connected in series with a capacitor 2.
- the capacitor 2 is arranged between the second output terminal 15 and the ground terminal 12.
- the first output terminal 14 is connected via a first voltage regulator 100 and a first semiconductor switch 5 to the terminal 1 1 for the positive supply voltage V +.
- the first semiconductor switch 5 is designed in this embodiment as a MOSFET (Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) whose control input (gate terminal) via a resistor 6 is also connected to the terminal 1 1 for the positive supply voltage V +.
- the gate terminal of the first semiconductor switch 5 via the switching path of another semiconductor switch 3, here also a MOSFET, connected to the output of the logic device 9.
- the control terminal (gate terminal) of the further semiconductor switch 3 is held by a reference voltage source 4 at a predetermined potential relative to the ground potential GND.
- the predetermined potential is chosen so that the semiconductor switch 3 blocks at a logic level of logic "1" at the output of the logic device 9 and conducts at a logic level of logic "0".
- the first voltage regulator Between the first semiconductor switch 5 and the first output terminal 14 to which the relay coil 1 is connected, is the first voltage regulator This has an input 1 1 1, with which it is connected to the first semiconductor switch 5 and an output 1 12, with which it is connected via the first output terminal 14 to the relay coil 1. In addition, it has a control input 1 with which it is also connected to the relay coil 1 via the second output terminal 15.
- the first voltage regulator 100 is designed as a series regulator, with a series transistor 101, which is arranged with its switching path between the input 1 1 1 and the output 1 12
- the series transistor 101 is an NPN bipolar transistor.
- the positive supply voltage potential V + is applied to the input 1 1 1 of the first voltage regulator 100. Accordingly, the series transistor 101 of the first voltage regulator 100 becomes conductive and the first output terminal 14 for the relay coil 1 with positive potential acted upon.
- the function of the first semiconductor switch 5 can also be taken over by the voltage regulator 100, specifically by a semiconductor switch of the voltage regulator 100, in particular the series transistor 101. It is possible, for example, to connect the control input of the series transistor 101 to the output of the logic module 9 and to control it such that the series transistor 101 only becomes conductive and is used for regulation when the output of the transistor.
- the control of the series transistor may optionally be effected via further switching elements, eg diodes and / or one or more low-power transistors, in order to combine the switching function with the control function
- one of the current through the relay coil 1 leading transistors can be saved.
- the first output terminal 14 for the relay coil 1 is further connected via a second voltage regulator 200 and a second semiconductor switch 7 with ground potential GND.
- the second voltage regulator 200 likewise has a series transistor 201 whose switching path extends from an input 21 1 of the second voltage regulator 200 to an output 212 which is connected to the first output terminal 14 for the relay coil 1.
- a control input 213 is connected to the second output terminal 15 for the relay coil 1.
- the second voltage regulator 200 is constructed in mirror image symmetry with respect to the first voltage regulator 100 and is designed to regulate an output voltage 212 which is negative in relation to the control feed 213 in its height. Accordingly, a PNP transistor complementary to the series transistor 101 is used as the series transistor 201.
- the second semiconductor switch 7 is a MOSFET whose control input (gate connection) is connected to the output of the logic module 9 of the circuit arrangement.
- the voltage applied to the relay coil 1 is regulated by the first and second voltage regulators 100, 200 such that their absolute value does not exceed a predetermined voltage.
- the second semiconductor switch 7 With a potential of logic "0" at the output of the logic module 9, the second semiconductor switch 7 is opened and, correspondingly, the series transistor 201 of the second voltage regulator 200 is nonconductive
- the second voltage regulator 200 can be disregarded.
- the capacitor 2 Current flow through the relay coil 1 and the capacitor 2, on the one hand, the relay turns on and on the other hand, the capacitor 2 is charged.
- the voltage applied between the first and second output terminals 14, 15 and thus directly applied to the relay coil 1 is regulated by the first voltage regulator 100 such that it does not exceed a voltage predetermined by the zener diode 102 and the diode 103.
- the current flow through the capacitor 2 is limited, since this is largely given by the current flowing through the relay coil 1 current.
- the limited current flow into the capacitor 2 leads in these situations to a deviation from the exponential charging characteristic to a delayed or current-limited charging of the capacitor 2. This results in a greater over the charging time of the capacitor 2 averaged "effective time constant", whereby the The current impulse is limited by the relay coil 1 for switching on the relay on the one hand in its voltage level, so that damage to the relay coil 1 are prevented, and on the other hand, the duration Conversely, the capacitance of the capacitor 2 can be made smaller than in the case of a circuit arrangement without a first voltage regulator 100.
- the diode 203 of the second voltage regulator 200 prevents d abei a current flow through the control input 213 of the second voltage regulator 200th
- the case in which either the supply voltage V + drops below the minimum voltage in its height or the control input 13 has a logic level of logic "0" is dealt with in the following: In both cases, the output of the logic module 9 is set to the logic "1" level , It is assumed that the logic module 9 is so buffered with respect to its power supply that a level of logic "1" can be maintained at least for a certain period of time.
- the voltage level is higher than that of the reference voltage source 4, block the other semiconductor switch 3 and the first semiconductor switch 5. Instead, however, the second semiconductor switch 7 is conductive and thus also the series transistor 201 of second voltage regulator 200.
- the capacitor 2 was due to the previous switching action (ie, the level at the output of the logic device 9 of logic "0" corresponds) almost to the value of
- the current flowing through the relay coil 1 impulse is of opposite polarity as when switching on the relay and turns it off accordingly.
- the surge is limited in the amount of current and extended accordingly in its duration is.
- the second voltage regulator 200 the same advantages are achieved for the switch-off operation of the relay as for the first switch-on voltage regulator 100.
- the series transistor 201 of the second voltage regulator 200 may be connected directly and not via the second semiconductor switch. ter connected to the ground terminal 12, wherein the resistor 204 used in the voltage divider at the base of the series transistor 201, however, is still connected via the second semiconductor switch 7 to the ground terminal 12.
- the function of the first semiconductor switch 5 is taken over by the series transistor 101 of the first voltage regulator 100
- the function of the second semiconductor switch 7 can be taken over by the second series transistor 201 of the second voltage regulator 200 with suitable control.
- FIG. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the circuit arrangement according to FIG. 1.
- the present circuit arrangement for driving a bistable relay with two relay coils 1 a, 1 b is suitable. The relay is set at a surge through a first of the two relay coils, for example, the relay coil 1 a, and at a surge through the second of the two relay coils, for example, the relay coil 1 b, reset.
- Both relay coils 1 a, 1 b are connected to one of their terminals together with the second output terminal 15 of the circuit arrangement.
- the other terminal of the first relay coil 1 a is connected to the output 1 12 of the first voltage regulator 100 and the other terminal of the second relay coil 1 b is connected to the output 212 of the second voltage regulator 200.
- the two terminals 1 12, 212 are not directly connected to each other, corresponding to two first output terminals 14 a, 14 b exist to connect the relay coils 1 a, 1 b to the circuit arrangement.
- FIG. 1 shows a second embodiment of a circuit arrangement for driving a bistable relay. Like reference numerals in this embodiment denote the same or equivalent elements as in the first embodiment.
- the circuit in the second embodiment substantially corresponds to that of the first embodiment, the description of which reference is hereby made.
- 100, 200 MOSFETs are also used as longitudinal transistors 101 and 201 for the first and the second voltage regulator 100.
- complementary series transistors 101, 201 are used, in the present case an n-channel MOSFET as a series transistor 101 of the first voltage regulator 100 and a p-channel MOSFET as a series transistor 201 of the second voltage regulator 200.
- resistors 105, 205 originating from the first output terminal 14 are each connected to the control input (FIG. Gate terminal) of the series transistors 101, 201. These resistors can be very high-impedance and do not affect the other functionality of the circuit arrangement.
- the resistors 105, 205 can be dispensed with, even when using MOSFET transistors as series transistors 101, 201 , LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Relay Circuits (AREA)
- Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102012107953.6A DE102012107953B3 (de) | 2012-08-29 | 2012-08-29 | Schaltungsanordnung zum Ansteuern eines bistabilen Relais |
PCT/EP2013/067378 WO2014033029A1 (de) | 2012-08-29 | 2013-08-21 | Schaltungsanordnung zum ansteuern eines bistabilen relais |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2891168A1 true EP2891168A1 (de) | 2015-07-08 |
EP2891168B1 EP2891168B1 (de) | 2019-07-31 |
Family
ID=49035584
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13753170.3A Active EP2891168B1 (de) | 2012-08-29 | 2013-08-21 | Schaltungsanordnung zum ansteuern eines bistabilen relais |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9870889B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2891168B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102012107953B3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2014033029A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103996567B (zh) * | 2014-05-27 | 2016-06-22 | 华为技术有限公司 | 接触器驱动电路 |
FR3036222B1 (fr) | 2015-05-13 | 2017-04-28 | Stmicroelectronics Rousset | Procede de commande d'un changement d'etat de fonctionnement d'un organe electromecanique, par exemple un relais, et dispositif correspondant |
DE102018128328A1 (de) * | 2018-11-13 | 2020-05-14 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg | Steuerschaltung |
US10978258B2 (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2021-04-13 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Direct current circuit breaker device |
CN109510556B (zh) * | 2019-01-22 | 2023-12-19 | 库顿电子科技(厦门)有限公司 | 一种三相电机的正反转模块 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2747607C2 (de) * | 1977-10-24 | 1991-05-08 | Sds-Elektro Gmbh, 8024 Deisenhofen | Schaltungsanordnung zur Ansteuerung eines bistabilen Relais |
JPS5760632A (en) * | 1980-09-25 | 1982-04-12 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Latching relay driving circuit |
JPS58121521A (ja) * | 1982-01-13 | 1983-07-19 | オムロン株式会社 | 電子式タイマ装置 |
US5079667A (en) * | 1989-01-26 | 1992-01-07 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Relay driving circuit for a latch-in relay |
JP4561321B2 (ja) * | 2004-11-09 | 2010-10-13 | サンケン電気株式会社 | ソレノイド駆動装置 |
CN100517541C (zh) * | 2005-01-08 | 2009-07-22 | 艾默生网络能源系统有限公司 | 一种双稳态接触器驱动电路 |
-
2012
- 2012-08-29 DE DE102012107953.6A patent/DE102012107953B3/de active Active
-
2013
- 2013-08-21 EP EP13753170.3A patent/EP2891168B1/de active Active
- 2013-08-21 WO PCT/EP2013/067378 patent/WO2014033029A1/de active Application Filing
-
2015
- 2015-02-19 US US14/625,725 patent/US9870889B2/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2014033029A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2891168B1 (de) | 2019-07-31 |
US9870889B2 (en) | 2018-01-16 |
DE102012107953B3 (de) | 2014-02-13 |
WO2014033029A1 (de) | 2014-03-06 |
US20150162154A1 (en) | 2015-06-11 |
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