EP2889538A1 - Combustion system - Google Patents

Combustion system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2889538A1
EP2889538A1 EP12883174.0A EP12883174A EP2889538A1 EP 2889538 A1 EP2889538 A1 EP 2889538A1 EP 12883174 A EP12883174 A EP 12883174A EP 2889538 A1 EP2889538 A1 EP 2889538A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
water
supply line
pump
nozzle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12883174.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Keijiro Shiode
Tadashi Taguchi
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Yamato Ecology Corp
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Yamato Ecology Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yamato Ecology Corp filed Critical Yamato Ecology Corp
Publication of EP2889538A1 publication Critical patent/EP2889538A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
    • F23D11/16—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour in which an emulsion of water and fuel is sprayed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K5/02—Liquid fuel
    • F23K5/08—Preparation of fuel
    • F23K5/10—Mixing with other fluids
    • F23K5/12—Preparing emulsions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process to generate a water emulsion fuel and a combustion system which burns the water emulsion fuel.
  • a fuel pressurized by a fuel injection pump is kept at a constant pressure force by a relief valve, the quantity of oil supplied is determined by an adjustment valve, and when passed into a mixer, water is injected by a proportion flooding mechanism.
  • water and the fuel are mixed, and the mixture is supplied to a burner.
  • an emulsion pump is provided at the exit of the mixer, a reducing valve is set between the exit of the mixer and the entrance of the mixer, the reducing valve maintains a fixed pressure force at the mixer entrance.
  • Patent document 1 Japanese Laid Open Patent No. Hei05-157221
  • the pressure force in the plumbing depends on the pressure force of the fuel injection pump and the discharge volume of the burner nozzle, however, the pressure force in the plumbing does not fluctuate greatly according to the correlation in which the quantity of fuel decreases if the quantity of water increases. Thus, the phenomenon described in patent document 1 rarely occurs.
  • the second water emulsion fueling apparatus In the second water emulsion fueling apparatus, an exclusive emulsion pump and a reducing valve are necessary. And, when the fuel which mixed water by the mixer is sent to the reducing valve, the reducing valve expands frictionally, is lacking in intercalary lubricating properties, so there is a possibility that adjustment of the pressure force becomes impossible (it breaks down). Also, while the second water emulsion fueling apparatus is basically applicable to a large-capacity burner apparatus (ship, large convertor), it is not at all suitable for a common burner apparatus.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a combustion system which is possible to correspond to all liquid fuel unitarily.
  • This combustion system enables mixed combustion with petroleum fuel (or petroleum fuel and a fuel blended with other liquid fuels) and water, it is helpful for the prevention of global warming and in the reduction of harmful exhaust gases by enabling the clean burning of fuel which is hard to burn.
  • the combustion system of the present invention is provided with a fuel tank, a pump for adding pressure to the fuel supplied from the fuel tank, a first nozzle part for spraying the pressurized fuel into the combustion chamber, a supply pipe for coupling the first nozzle part and the pump and through which the pressurized fuel flows, a connection part provided along the supply pipe near the first nozzle part, a supply unit for supplying water to the supply pipe via the connection part, and a second nozzle part interposed between the supply unit and the connection part for atomizing water and spraying in the connection part.
  • water and the main liquid fuel are not mixed beforehand, water is only injected into the main liquid fuel just before combustion, thus avoiding the blockage of the nozzle with sludge or the fine particles contained in the fuel.
  • the apparatus becomes simple, thus the long-term stable operation of the combustion system can be secured.
  • only water is involved in the adjustment of the water content depending on classification and the ability of the burner apparatus, and thus, the apparatus becomes simple, and a compact and low cost structure can be accomplished. Even more particularly, it can resolve the problem of miss-firing and trouble with the fuel injection pump such as occur with conventional equipment.
  • the ingredients of the liquid fuel may not correspond to the requirements for an individual water emulsion apparatus.
  • this can be dealt with by a unitary combustion system which is a combustion furnace, classification and standard details of the internal combustion engine are not required, thus versatility is raised and a wide variety of environment measures are enabled.
  • the combustion system 11 is provided with a burner apparatus 12 (main liquid fuel operation apparatus) comprised of boilers, a water emulsion fuel apparatus 13 generating water emulsion fuel, high pressure pump apparatus 14 (a supply unit) supplying water to the water emulsion fuel apparatus 13, and a control apparatus 15 controlling the burner apparatus 12, the water emulsion fuel apparatus 13 and the high pressure pump apparatus 14.
  • a burner apparatus 12 main liquid fuel operation apparatus
  • a water emulsion fuel apparatus 13 generating water emulsion fuel
  • high pressure pump apparatus 14 a supply unit
  • control apparatus 15 controlling the burner apparatus 12, the water emulsion fuel apparatus 13 and the high pressure pump apparatus 14.
  • the combustion system 11 is provided with a fuel tank 16 which collects fuel (main liquid fuel, e.g., petroleum fuel), a fuel injection pump 17 (pump) which is connected to the fuel tank 16 and receives fuel from the fuel tank 16, a fuel line 18 which connects the fuel injection pump 17 and the fuel tank 16, a first flow meter 21 which is provided with the fuel line 18, a combustion nozzle 22 (first nozzle portion) jetting fuel pressurized with fuel injection pump 17 into the combustion chamber, a burner apparatus 12 provided with the combustion chamber, a supply line 23 which connects the fuel injection pump 17 and the combustion nozzle 22, a first pressure gauge 24 provided in the middle of the supply line 23, a chamber 25 (joint) which is provided with supply line 23 to the vicinities of the combustion nozzle 22, a first electromagnetic valve 26 provided in the middle of the supply line 23 at the position between the combustion nozzle 22 and the chamber 25, a circulation line 27 which connects the fuel line 18 and the supply line 23, a second electromagnetic valve 28 which is provided in first divergence 27A of the
  • the fuel injection pump 17 (first pump), the first pressure gauge 24, the chamber 25 (joint), the circulation line 27, the second electromagnetic valve 28, and the flow quantity pressure electromagnetic valve 31 are included in the water emulsion fuel apparatus 13.
  • the burner apparatus 12 includes the combustion nozzle 22.
  • the first electromagnetic valve 26 performs ON/OFF of the fueling.
  • the pressure force of fuel via supply line 23 is 1.0MPa.
  • the common pressure force of the fuel in the combustion furnace is within 10MPa from 0.3MPa.
  • the pressure force of fuel pressurized with fuel injection pump 17 can be set appropriately in a range of 10MPa from 0.3MPa.
  • the fuel to be collected in the fuel tank 16 is for example heavy oil (e.g., heavy oil A, heavy oil C), but even light oil fuel can be used.
  • the speed that fuel flows through supply line 23 is for example 0.2m/s, but it may be 0.2m/s or more.
  • the high pressure pump apparatus 14 (a supply unit) has a water reservoir 33 which stores water inside, a high pressure pump 34 (second pump) that it is supplied water from the water reservoir 33 , and sends the pressurized water to the second nozzle portion 32, a water feed line 35 which connects the second nozzle portion 32 and the high pressure pump 34, a return circuit 36 returning to the water reservoir 33 from the water feed line 35, a flow quantity adjustment valve 37 provided in the middle of the return circuit 36, a second pressure gauge 39 provided in the middle of the water feed line 35, and a second flow meter 38 provided in the middle of the water feed line 35 are provided.
  • a high pressure pump 34 second pump
  • the constitution of the high pressure pump apparatus 14 does not need to be integral.
  • the high pressure pump apparatus 14 does not need to include a tank function (water reservoir 33).
  • the tank function water reservoir 33 isolates with the high pressure pump apparatus 14.
  • the high pressure pump apparatus 14 can supply water at a pressure force that is greater than that of the pressurized fuel (main liquid fuel) into the fuel (main liquid fuel).
  • the pressure force of the water pressurized with the high pressure pump 34 is for example 1.5MPa, however as discussed below, the pressure force can be set higher than from 0.5MPa as far as 10 MPa of fuel pressurized with the fuel injection pump 17.
  • the third electromagnetic valve 41 intervenes between the chamber 25 and the high pressure pump apparatus 14.
  • the high pressure pump 34 is a commercial plunger pump, but even a diaphragm pump is useable. Also, for the high pressure pump 34, a meter ring pump can be adopted. In this case, even if the water reservoir 33 is not used, it is connected directly with a water service utility, and a water supply of constant pressure and constant discharge pressure is possible, and reduces the size of the system.
  • the chamber 25 (joint) can be attached and detached to the supply line 23 such as an existing boiler facility.
  • the chamber 25 has a first end 42 connected to the upstream of the supply line 23, a second end 43 connected to the downstream of the supply line 23, a first part 44 which continues with the first end 42 and having an inside diameter bigger than the inside diameter of the supply line 23, a taper shaped second part 45 which continues with the first part 44 and the second end 43, and a check bore 46 which is provided with the second end 43.
  • the second nozzle portion 32 is connected to the first part 44 of the chamber 25 at right angles to the direction where the supply line 23 extends.
  • the second nozzle portion 32 is comprised of a single nozzle.
  • the position of the second nozzle portion 32 should be as close to the chamber 25 as possible.
  • a standard straight nozzle orifice diameter: CP small pore size nozzle 0.3mm made by IKEUCHI Co. Ltd
  • Other types of nozzles can also be used for the second nozzle portion 32.
  • the small pore size may be around 3mm from 0.1 mm, and the shape of the nozzle may be full corn type or the hollow corn type.
  • the types of the second nozzle portion 32 vary, the selection of the second nozzle portion 32 depends on the kind of the burner. As to the means of controlling the burners, there is the ON/OFF type control, the third place position formula control and the proportion control formula.
  • the setting angle of the second nozzle portion 32 is not limited to the direction at right angles to the direction to which the supply line 23 extends. As shown with broken line Fig. 2 , it can be set at an angle diagonal to the direction to which supply line 23 extends, or it may be parallel to the direction to which supply line 23 extends. Particularly, when the speed of the fuel (main liquid fuel) in the pipe is slow, it is preferable to promote dispersion and the mixture of the water particles in the fuel by positioning the second nozzle portion 32 inclined to a direction (a flow direction of the fuel) to which supply line 23 extends.
  • the fuel in the fuel tank 16 is sent to the fuel injection pump 17.
  • the fuel pressurized with the fuel injection pump 17 is supplied to the chamber 25 through the supply line 23.
  • pressurized water from the second nozzle portion 32 is injected.
  • the generated water emulsion fuel made by the high pressure jet of the water is injected into a combustion chamber of the burner apparatus 12 from the combustion nozzle 22, and it burns.
  • miss-firing is prevented by the following methods. That is, while the pre-purges (pressure force is stabilized) of the fuel injection pump 17, open the second electromagnetic valve 28 for several seconds, mix the main liquid fuel in the fuel line 18, the fuel injection pump 17, the supply line 23 to the chamber 25 and the water emulsion fuel which is high in water content, miss-firing (non-firing) can thereby be prevented. Miss-firing (non-firing) happens when the water content is 20% or more, and when the water content is 20% or less, miss-firing (non-firing) almost never occurs.
  • the operation adjustment of these burner apparatuses 12, water emulsion fuel apparatus 13 and high pressure pump apparatus 14 is conducted with a sequencer of control apparatus 15.
  • the phenomenon by which water becomes the fine particles in the second nozzle portion 32 is described below.
  • the phenomenon of the present invention rearranged the theory of fine particles in the air to that of a liquid. In the air, an average spot particle diameter of 300mm is generally used, but, in liquids, they become fine particles at a speed which is much faster than in the air.
  • the combustion of the water emulsion fuel is improved over that of conventional combustion based on the following principles.
  • the water particles included in the fuel particles capture the heat in the furnace, and the water particles are heated, The water particles reach boiling point and a micro-explosion is caused, then the fuel particles existing around the water particles atomize in seconds.
  • the fuel atomizes almost instantly areas in contact with the air greatly increase, almost perfect combustion is accomplished, the outbreak of soot and NOx in combustion effluent gas is restrained, and clean combustion is enabled.
  • the increase in the contact area between air and the fuel the excessive air which is necessary for combustion can be curtailed, thus, an energy effect-saving is provided, too.
  • the present inventors had a test which examined the most suitable condition regarding the pressure force of the water to be added in relation to the pressure force of the fuel.
  • the experiment was performed in form to examine the relations between the difference in pressure between the pressure force of the fuel (main liquid fuel) and the pressure force of the water and the mean particle size (or biggest particle size) of the water particles.
  • the sample of the water emulsion fuel in each condition was gathered from the check bore 46 of the chamber 25.
  • FIG. 3 is a micrograph (2,000 times), the particle diameter (mean particle size) of the water particle was measured in such a micrograph (an image).
  • the area which does not show the grains of a round water particle is that containing water particles of 450nm or less or fuel.
  • the particle diameter of the water particle of code 1 ⁇ 5 of Fig. 3 deal with the result of measurement of No.1 ⁇ No.5 of Fig. 4 .
  • Fig. 5 shows the graph which represents the relations between the difference in pressure force of the fuel (main liquid fuel) and the pressure force of the water, and the mean particle size of the water particle.
  • the part of I MPa in a cross axle indicates that pressure force of the water to inject into the fuel (main liquid fuel) in the second nozzle portion 32 is I MPa higher than the pressure force of the fuel.
  • Alternatively mixed conditions are desirable for fuel in a state of uniform water content where the diameter of the water particle is smaller than the drop diameter of the jetted fuel liquid as a form of the water particle in the emulsion fuel.
  • the theoretical mean diameter of the water particle is 10 ⁇ m or less.
  • the mean diameter of the water particle is 14 ⁇ m or less, it can be used as water emulsion fuel. It is said that a water particle with a mean diameter size of 10 ⁇ m or less is ideal as water emulsion fuel.
  • the combustion system 11 comprises of the fuel tank 16, the fuel injection pump 17 pressurizing fuel supplied from the fuel tank 16, the first nozzle portion 22 jetting pressurized fuel into the combustion chamber 12, the supply line 23 which connects the first nozzle portion 22 and the pump 17 and pressurized fuel passes, the joint portion 25 provided in the middle of the supply line 23 to the vicinities of the first nozzle portion 22, the supply unit 14 supplying water into the supply line 23 through the joint portion 25, the second nozzle portion 32 intervened between the supply unit 14 and the joint portion 25 atomizing and injecting water into the joint portion.
  • the water emulsion fuel is generated right before being used in the first nozzle portion, water does not have time to cohere in the water emulsion fuel, then, the water emulsion fuel can be prevented from producing a malfunction. Even more, according to the present embodiment, a mixer and an exclusive pump for the water emulsion fuel, required conventionally, become unnecessary, the equipment components required are simplified, cost is lowered, and it can be made more compact, plus, existing facilities do not require major modification. Also, because the water emulsion fuel can be generated without using an expensive surfactant, the running cost of the apparatus can be reduced.
  • the pressure force of the water is higher than the pressure force of the pressurized fuel by about 0.5MPa ⁇ 10Mpa.
  • the water in the water emulsion fuel becomes fine particles by the moment of the jet power of the water.
  • the water particles in the fuel capture the heat in the combustion chamber, and reaches boiling point, then a micro-explosion is caused, the atomized grease drop (fuel existing around of fine water particle) becomes smaller, thus, the areas that fuel comes in contact with air increases, almost perfect combustion is accomplished, and clean combustion enables the suppression of the outbreak of soot and N0x in the combustion effluent gas.
  • the joint potion 25 is positioned to the vicinities of the first nozzle portion 22, specifically, the joint potion 25 is positioned close to the end of the first nozzle portion 22(combustion nozzle) in a range of one-third (more preferably 10% ⁇ 20%) of the full length of supply line 23.
  • the joint portion 25 is a chamber which can be attached and detached to the supply line 23. According to this arrangement, fuel can be changed into water emulsion fuel without the need to make large changes to existing facilities, and the initial cost at the time of the introduction can be reduced.
  • the second nozzle portion 32 is placed diagonally corresponding to the direction of extension of the supply line 23. Thereby, water can be jetted at an angle of uniformity to the flow direction of the fuel, turbulence happens in the joint portion, mixture with the main liquid fuel and water particle is promoted, and high quality water emulsion fuel can be generated.
  • a diaphragm part 51 of the second embodiment may be provided downstream of the second nozzle portion 32 in the chamber 25 (joint portion).
  • the combustion system 11 of the second embodiment is common with the first embodiment except for the chamber 25 and the second nozzle portion 32.
  • a part unlike the first embodiment is mainly described, about the first embodiment and the common part, Illustration is omitted, or explanation is omitted.
  • the combustion system 11 of the second embodiment has constitution similar to the whole constitution of the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1 .
  • the chamber 25 (joint portion) is constructed to supply lines the 23 of the existing boiler facilities detachably.
  • the chamber 25 has a first end 42 connected to the upstream of the supply line 23, a second end 43 connected to the downstream of the supply line 23, a first part 44 which continues with the first end 42 and having an inside diameter bigger than the inside diameter of the supply line 23, a taper shaped second part 45 which continues with the first part 44 and the second end 43, and a check bore 46 which is provided with the second end 43.
  • a diaphragm part 51 is provided with the first part 44, and the diameter of this diaphragm part 51 is smaller than the other parts of the first part 44.
  • the second nozzle portion 32 has a plurality of (e.g., three) second nozzles 32A.
  • the number of the second nozzles 32A may be two and but is preferably more than four.
  • the second nozzles 32A are provided with the first part 44 for Part 1, and their placement is alternate along the long distance direction (flow direction of the fuel) of the supply line 23.
  • a standard straight nozzle CP small diameter nozzle 0.3mm
  • IKEUCHI Co., Ltd. is used, however, other type of nozzle can be used, too.
  • the condition of pressure force of the fuel and the pressure force of the water is similar to the first embodiment.
  • the diaphragm part 51 is provided with downstream of the second nozzle portion 32.
  • the second nozzle portion 32 has a plurality of second nozzle 32A, and the placement is alternate along the long distance direction of the supply line 23. According to this arrangement, turbulence causes more easy in the joint portion, the mixture with the main liquid fuel and the water particle is further promoted.
  • the joint portion has the first portion 44 and the diaphragm part 51, the first portion 44 provides the second nozzle 32, the diaphragm part 51 is provided with downstream of the second nozzle portion 32 of the first part 44.
  • Karman's vortex can be generated in downstream of the diaphragm part 51, and the main liquid fuel and water particle are mixture, water particles disperse in the main liquid fuel.
  • the combustion system 11 of the third embodiment is common with the first embodiment except the chamber 25 and the second nozzle portion 32.
  • Illustration is omitted, or explanation is omitted.
  • the combustion system 11 of the third embodiment has constitution like the whole constitution of the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1 .
  • the chamber 25 (joint portion) is constructed to supply lines the 23 of existing boiler facilities detachably.
  • the chamber 25 has the first end 42 connected to upstream of the supply line 23, the second end 43 connected to downstream of the supply line 23, the first part 44 which continues with the first end 42 and having inside diameter bigger than inside diameter of the supply line 23, the taper shaped second part 45 which continues with the first part 44 and the second end 43, a collision board 61, and the check bore 46 which is provided with the second end 43.
  • the collision board 61 is provided with border of the first part 44 and the second part 45, and oppose to the second nozzle portion 32.
  • the collision board 61 has a board-shaped part 62 and a projecting stub 63 to the second nozzle portion 32 from the board-shaped part 62.
  • the whole shape of the stub 63 is for example corn facing to the second nozzle portion 32, and the tip section is removed and the shape of the tip becomes round.
  • the second nozzle portion 32 is formed along the direction where the supply line 23 extends. Thus, second nozzle portion 32 can jet high-pressure water along the flow direction of the fuel.
  • the water jetted at high pressure from the second nozzle portion 32 hits the collision board 61, crushed instantly and becomes fine particles, then the water is spread into the main liquid fuel. And a mixture and dispersion is promoted by Karman's vortex (indicated with an arrow in Fig. 7 typically) which occurs to the rear (downstream) of the collision board 61.
  • Karman's vortex indicated with an arrow in Fig. 7 typically
  • the setting of the collision board 61 may be necessary.
  • the chamber 25 has the first end 42 connected to upstream of the supply line 23, the second end 43 connected to downstream of the supply line 23, the first part 44 which continues with the first end 42 and having inside diameter bigger than inside diameter of the supply line 23, the second nozzle portion provided with the first part 44, the taper shaped second part 45 which continues with the first part 44 and the second end 43, a collision board 61, and the check bore 46 which is provided with the second end 43.
  • the collision board 61 even if the collision board 61 is provided in the chamber 25, the water emulsion fuel which scattered a slight infinitesimal grain of the water in the main liquid fuel can be generated. Even more particularly, because backward (downstream) of the collision board, Karman's vortex will be generated, water particle and main liquid fuel can be mixed efficiently, and it can disperse with water particles in the main liquid fuel.
  • the combustion system 11 of the fourth embodiment is common with the first embodiment except a mixed liquid apparatus 71 is provided and some constitution of the high pressure pump apparatus 14 is different.
  • a part unlike the first embodiment is mainly described, about the first embodiment and the common part, Illustration is omitted, or explanation is omitted.
  • the combustion system 11 is provided with the burner apparatus 12 (main liquid fuel operation apparatus) comprised of boilers, the water emulsion fuel apparatus 13 generating water emulsion fuel, the high pressure pump apparatus 14 supplying water to the water emulsion fuel apparatus 13, the mixed liquid apparatus 71 (the second supply unit, the supply unit) and the control apparatus 15 controlling the burner apparatus 12, the water emulsion fuel apparatus 13 ,the high pressure pump apparatus 14 and the mixed liquid apparatus 71.
  • the burner apparatus 12 main liquid fuel operation apparatus
  • the water emulsion fuel apparatus 13 generating water emulsion fuel
  • the high pressure pump apparatus 14 supplying water to the water emulsion fuel apparatus 13
  • the mixed liquid apparatus 71 the second supply unit, the supply unit
  • the control apparatus 15 controlling the burner apparatus 12, the water emulsion fuel apparatus 13 ,the high pressure pump apparatus 14 and the mixed liquid apparatus 71.
  • the combustion system 11 has a second chamber 70 (second joint portion, joint portion) and a spray nozzle 72 in upstream (fuel injection pump 17 side) of the chamber 25 (joint portion) of the middle of the supply line 23, the spray nozzle 72 connected to the mixed liquid apparatus 71, and jets the second fuel into the second chamber 70.
  • the mixed liquid apparatus 71 (second supply unit, supply unit) can supply the second fuel unlike the fuel (main liquid fuel) into the supply line 23.
  • the mixed liquid apparatus 71 has a storage / stirring tank 73 (storage mixture tank, second fuel tank) which collects second fuel unlike the main liquid fuel in inside, a third pump 74 which receives the second fuel from the storage / stirring tank 73 and supplies the second fuel to the second chamber 70, a second fuel line 75 which connects the second chamber 70 and the third pump 74, a second return circuit 76 which returns the fuel from the second fuel line 75 to the storage / stirring tank 73, a second flow quantity adjustment valve 77 provided in the middle of the second return circuit 76, a third pressure gauge 78 provided in the middle of the second fuel line 75, a second fuel flow meter 81 provided in the middle of the second fuel line 75.
  • a fourth electromagnetic valve 82 is intervened between the second chamber 70 and the mixed liquid apparatus 71.
  • the third pump 74 pressurizes the second fuel via second fueling line 75, and pressure force of the second fuel is made high pressure than the fuel (main liquid fuel) through the supply line 23.
  • a communication line 83 is provided between the water feed line 35 of the high pressure pump apparatus 14 and the second fueling line 75 of the mixed liquid apparatus 71, a fifth electromagnetic valve 84 is provided with the communication line 83.
  • various alcohol represented by ethanol or methanol, glycerin, BDF (registered trademark), slipshod manufacture vegetable oil, discarded edible oil, waste oil can use.
  • Ethanol includes ethanol provided from grains, sugar cane, the trees and plants.
  • BDF (registered trademark) and slipshod manufacture vegetable oil is provided from discarded edible oil, palm, rape, jatorofa, algae.
  • a combustion flow of the present embodiment is described successively.
  • the combustion flows described below are different by the classification of the blended fuel (second fuel) mixing to the main liquid fuel.
  • a blended fuel is alcohol such as ethanol or methanol.
  • the alcohol which was mixed with any quantitative water beforehand is put into the storage / stirring tank 73 beforehand. While continuing stirring in storage / stirring tank 73, pour blended fuel of any quantity into the second chamber 70.
  • the spray nozzle 72 like the second nozzle portion 32 of the first embodiment is used for the spray nozzle 72.
  • an alcohol water solution is jetted at high pressure from the spray nozzle 72 to fuel which flows through the supply line 23 (the jet pressure of the alcohol water solution, is higher in the range 10MPa ⁇ 0.5MPa than the pressure force of the fuel pressurized with the fuel injection pump 17).
  • the water in the alcohol water solution becomes fine particles by the discharge speed (or momentum) of the jetted water and the anti-power of the main liquid fuel, at the same time, the fine particles of the water are mixture to disperse in fuel equally.
  • the high pressure pump apparatus 14 to supply water is not required like first embodiment.
  • water is jetted at high pressure from the second nozzle portion 32 to the fuel and the second fuel (glycerin) which flow through the supply line 23.
  • the jet pressure of the water is higher in the range 10MPa ⁇ 0.5MPa than the pressure force of the fuel pressurized with the fuel injection pump 17.
  • the water becomes fine particles by the discharge speed (or momentum) of the jetted water and the anti-power of the main liquid fuel and second fuel, at the same time, the fine particles of the water are mixture to disperse in fuel equally.
  • the blended oil is a slipshod manufacture vegetable oil, BDF (registered trademark), abolished edible oil, or waste oil
  • application of heat is required since it cannot add the water to these blended oil.
  • the blended fuel At first removed garbage beforehand of heating, then put the blended fuel into the storage / stirring tank 73. While it is stirred, the fuel heated by application of heat unit (not shown) is sent from the third pump 74 to the second chamber 70, if viscosity adjustment is made by application of heat, these fuel does not have a serious influence to the main liquid fuel. However, air management and a fuel discharge condition become constant the one that is high in the mixed nature.
  • the diameter of spray nozzle 72 is larger than the diameter of the second nozzle portion 32, the pressure of the spray nozzle 72 is lower than the pressure of the water jetted from the second nozzle portion 32 and higher than the pressure of main fuel, it should disperse in this condition.
  • the particle diameter of a particle jetted from spray nozzle 72 does not so have to worry.
  • the measures after the injection stop give treatment like glycerin to prevent becoming shorter of the spray nozzle 72.
  • BDF registered trademark
  • water is jetted at high pressure from the second nozzle portion 32 to the BDF which flows through the supply line 23.
  • the jet pressure of the water is higher in the range 10MPa ⁇ 0.5MPa than the pressure force of the fuel pressurized with the fuel injection pump 17.
  • the water becomes fine particles by the discharge speed (or momentum) of the jetted water and the anti-power of the main liquid fuel and second fuel, at the same time, the fine particles of the water are mixture to disperse in fuel equally, then water emulsion fuel is generated.
  • the combustion system 11 comprises a second joint portion and a second supply unit.
  • the second joint portion is located to the vicinities of the joint portion of the supply line 23, the second supply unit supplies second fuel unlike the fuel into the supply line 23 through the second joint portion.
  • the combustion system 11 comprises of the fuel tank 16, the fuel injection pump pressurizing fuel supplied from the fuel tank, the first nozzle portion jetting pressurized fuel into the combustion chamber, the supply line 23 which connects the first nozzle portion and the pump and pressurized fuel passes, the joint portion provided in the middle of the supply line 23 to the vicinities of the first nozzle portion, and the second nozzle portion 32 intervened between the supply unit and the joint portion atomizing and injecting alcohol water solution into the joint portion.
  • Bio-fuel vegetable oil
  • bio-fuel vegetable oil
  • BDF registered trademark
  • slipshod manufacture vegetable oil low work piece comprising palm or jatropha
  • the mixed combustion that mixed alcohol (or glycerin) with fuel (main liquid fuel) is implemented, moreover, combustion efficiency improves by water emulsion. Also, the situation will change in future and the supply system of the vegetable oil is set, change of the ratio of the second fuel (vegetable oil) to the fuel (main liquid fuel) becomes easy, too.
  • the combustion system 11 of the fifth embodiment is common with the first embodiment except an application object is a ship.
  • an application object is a ship.
  • Illustration is omitted, or explanation is omitted.
  • the combustion system 11 comprises of the fuel tank 16 which collects fuel (main liquid fuel, e.g., petroleum) inside, a booster pump 91 receiving fuel from the fuel tank 16, the fuel line 18 which connects a booster pump 91 to the fuel tank 16, the first flow meter 21 provided with the fuel line 18, the first pressure gauge 24 provided in the middle of the fuel line 18, a flow quantity control valve 92 regulating flow quantity of fuel sent from the booster pump 91, a fuel injection pump 93 which jets fuel pressurized with booster pump 91 into a ship engine 94, the supply line 23 which connects fuel the injection pump 93 and the booster pump 91, the ship engine 94 (engine) having a combustion chamber, a fuel return line 95 to which extra fuel is returned from the fuel injection pump 93, a third flow meter 96 provided with the fuel return line 95, the chamber 25 (joint portion) provided in the middle of the supply line 23 to the vicinities of the fuel injection pump 93, the high pressure pump apparatus 14 (supply unit) supplying water into the supply
  • nozzle portion 97 is almost similar to the constitution of the second nozzle portion 32 of the first embodiment, for example, a standard straight nozzle (orifice diameter: CP small hole diameter nozzle 0.3mm) is adopted.
  • the fuel return line 95 is not connected to the service tank like the fueling system in the conventional ship, but the fuel return line 95 is connected to the suction side (upstream) of the booster pump 91. Therefore, water in the water emulsion fuel does not becomes to the steam in the service tank, and it is prevented that the steam is collected in the service tank. Also, for example, the fuel collected in the fuel tank 16 for ship engine use is often heavy oil (e.g., C heavy oil).
  • C heavy oil e.g., C heavy oil
  • the pressure force of the fuel which is pressurized with the booster pump 91, and passes the supply line 23 is for example 0.5MPa, this pressure force is preferable within 5MPa ⁇ 0.5MPa.
  • the pressure force of the fuel is made about 200MPa by the fuel injection pump 93.
  • the common pressure force of the fuel injection pump 93 is in the range of 200MPa ⁇ 5MPa, the pressure force of the fuel to pressurize by the fuel injection 93 of the present embodiment can be set appropriately in this range. From the booster pump 91 between to the fuel injection pump 93, that is, the supply line 23 is heated in the range of 80°C ⁇ 150°C. However, water particles in the water emulsion fuel do not evaporate by pressure force given by the booster pump 91.
  • the high pressure pump apparatus 14 has the water reservoir 33 to collect water in inside, the high pressure pump 34 (pump) which receives water from the water reservoir 33 and send the pressurized water to the nozzle portion 97, the water feed line 35 which connects the second nozzle portion 32 and the high pressure pump 34, the return circuit 36 which returns the water from the water feed line 35 to the water reservoir 33, the flow quantity adjustment valve 37 provided in the middle of return circuit 36, the second pressure gauge which is not illustrated provided in the middle of water feed line 35, the second flow meter 38 provided in the middle of water feed line 35.
  • the pressure force of the water pressurized with the high pressure pump 34 is 1.5MPa, This pressure force can be set higher than the pressure force of the fuel pressurized with the booster pump 91 appropriately 5MPa ⁇ 10MPa.
  • the third electromagnetic valve 41 is intervened between the chamber 25 and the high pressure pump apparatus 14.
  • the fuel in the fuel tank 16 is sent to the booster pump 91, the booster pump 91 pressurizes the fuel, the flow quantity control valve 92 regulates the flow quantity of the fuel, the fuel is supplied to the fuel injection pump 93 through the supply line 23.
  • pressurized water is jetted into the fuel from the nozzle portion 97. The water becomes fine particles by the discharge speed (or momentum) of the jetted water and the anti-power of the main liquid fuel, at the same time, the fine particles of the water are mixture to disperse in fuel equally.
  • the water emulsion fuel generated as above is sent to the fuel injection pump 93, and is jetted into the combustion chamber of the ship engine 94 by the injection nozzle which is not illustrated, and the water emulsion fuel is burnt. If the water emulsion fuel is used with ship engine 94, discharge such as Nox or the soot is reduced. The water emulsion fuel which was not used in the fuel injection pump 93 is returned to the suction side (upstream) of the booster pump 91 through the fuel return line 95.
  • the combustion system 11 comprises:
  • the water emulsion fuel is generated by adding high-pressure water to the pressurized fuel, in which the pressure of the water is higher than the pressure of the fuel, this high-pressure state can be maintained until the water emulsion fuel is used at the fuel spout pump 93.
  • the pressure force of the fuel between the booster pump 91 and the fuel injection pump 93 is about in a range of 5MPa ⁇ 1.0MPa.
  • the supply line 23 between the booster pump 91 and the fuel injection pump 93the is heated in the range of 80°C ⁇ 150°C.
  • water particles in the water emulsion fuel do not evaporate by pressure force in the range.
  • the water emulsion fuel is generated right before the use at the fuel injection pump 93, there is not a time for water in the water emulsion fue to be cohesion.
  • the water emulsion fuel can prevent from producing above malfunction.
  • a mixer and a pump for exclusive use of the water emulsion fuel which are necessary conventionally become unnecessary, equipment component is simplified, and cost can be reduced. And, a large modification is not required to the existing facilities of the ship. Also, because the water emulsion fuel can be generated without using an expensive surfactant, the running cost of the apparatus can be reduced.
  • the joint portion is positioned to the vicinities of the injection nozzle portion 93, specifically, the joint portion 25 is positioned where close to the end of the injection nozzle portion 93 in a range of one-third (more preferably 10% ⁇ 20%) of the full length of the supply line 23.
  • N0x quantity can be reduced to the level that is almost a regulation level of 2016 by using emulsion fuel together in EGR apparatus. Because the apparatus structure is only to inject water, it is downsized, and the setting space is around 0.5m2, also pitch difference and distance with the ship engine 94 do not become disadvantageous, too. There is a superiority that it can construct the system of the present invention in a postscript even if in a narrow engine room or on a deck portion of the ship.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
EP12883174.0A 2012-08-23 2012-08-23 Combustion system Withdrawn EP2889538A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2012/071327 WO2014030242A1 (ja) 2012-08-23 2012-08-23 燃焼システム

Publications (1)

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EP2889538A1 true EP2889538A1 (en) 2015-07-01

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EP12883174.0A Withdrawn EP2889538A1 (en) 2012-08-23 2012-08-23 Combustion system

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EP (1) EP2889538A1 (zh)
JP (1) JPWO2014030242A1 (zh)
TW (1) TW201408953A (zh)
WO (1) WO2014030242A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

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DE102018129954A1 (de) * 2018-11-27 2020-05-28 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Mischvorrichtung für ein Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016200751B4 (de) * 2016-01-20 2018-03-15 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Steuern oder Regeln der Menge eines Kraftstoffgemischs
KR101880811B1 (ko) * 2016-09-27 2018-07-20 장종규 알콜 연소 장치
JP2021010892A (ja) * 2019-07-09 2021-02-04 京史 寺本 液体のスパイラル型微細化装置

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JPS5337576B2 (zh) * 1972-10-09 1978-10-09
JPS5435420A (en) * 1977-08-25 1979-03-15 Miura Kogyo Kk Nox generation reducing apparatus
JPH05157221A (ja) 1991-12-10 1993-06-22 Sekiguchi:Kk エマルジョン燃焼用ミキシング装置
JPH06147019A (ja) * 1992-11-05 1994-05-27 Ryoju Shoji Kk 置換混合式エマルジョン燃料生成システム
JPH06173777A (ja) * 1992-12-07 1994-06-21 Ryoju Shoji Kk 高電圧印加エマルジョン燃料油生成装置
JP4208349B2 (ja) * 1999-06-29 2009-01-14 ナブテスコ株式会社 エマルジョン燃料給油装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018129954A1 (de) * 2018-11-27 2020-05-28 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Mischvorrichtung für ein Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine

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TW201408953A (zh) 2014-03-01
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