EP2886213B1 - Verbessertes Sortiersystem für Obst und/oder Gemüse - Google Patents

Verbessertes Sortiersystem für Obst und/oder Gemüse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2886213B1
EP2886213B1 EP14197985.6A EP14197985A EP2886213B1 EP 2886213 B1 EP2886213 B1 EP 2886213B1 EP 14197985 A EP14197985 A EP 14197985A EP 2886213 B1 EP2886213 B1 EP 2886213B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vegetables
fruits
conveyor
main conveyor
section
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EP14197985.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2886213A1 (de
Inventor
Jean Fachaux
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Fachaux et Fils Ets
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Fachaux et Fils Ets
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Publication of EP2886213A1 publication Critical patent/EP2886213A1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/16—Sorting according to weight
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/02—Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream orientating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C2501/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material to be sorted
    • B07C2501/009—Sorting of fruit

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of digital systems for sorting fruit and / or vegetables.
  • Sorting means in the present application the operations of sizing, packaging and production of batches of products such as fruits and vegetables.
  • Digital fruit and vegetable sorting systems are commonly used to sort fruits and / or vegetables by weight, or to form batches of a given weight from a set of fruits and / or vegetables.
  • Digital systems include sensors for weighing different fruits and vegetables, and a control unit, typically a calculator, driving the system.
  • a control unit typically a calculator, driving the system.
  • calibrator marketed under the trade name "Calib'fruit” by the applicant, which allows an automatic and controlled calibration of fruits and vegetables and / or the formation of batches.
  • Such a sizer comprises a feed conveyor through which are brought fruits or vegetables, which are then discharged into receiving zones fixed on a main conveyor forming a closed loop.
  • the receiving zones are used to calibrate the fruits or vegetables and pour them into various storage areas before a complete turn of the closed loop is made, the receiving areas being then refilled.
  • a system according to the preamble of the claim is known from the documents EP-A-2 628 551 or FR-A-2,893,518 .
  • Such calibrators have certain disadvantages, in particular because of the structure of the main conveyor which leads to emergency stops in the event that a fruit or vegetable remains in a receiving zone despite its tipping, or in the event of a weighing error.
  • the present invention thus aims in particular to provide a sizer allowing a continuous circulation of fruits or vegetables in the main conveyor, while satisfying the constraints related to the handling of fruits and vegetables.
  • a system 1 for the calibration of fruits and / or vegetables comprising a main conveyor 2 and a supply conveyor 3.
  • the system 1 also comprises a computer 5, typically associated with a touch screen, for controlling the system 1.
  • the main conveyor 2 comprises drive means 21 forming a closed loop, on which are mounted receiving areas 22 preferably having a shape adapted to receive a predefined fruit or vegetable, for example cups or containers, typically adapted to each receive a fruit or vegetable.
  • the driving means 21 cause the receiving zones 22 in a direction indicated in the figures by an arrow.
  • the closed loop defined by the drive means 21 comprises at least one linear section. In the embodiment shown, the closed loop comprises two linear sections, connected by two sections in an arc.
  • the closed loop defined by the drive means 21 is typically defined in a plane. According to a particular embodiment, the closed loop defined by the main conveyor defines a trajectory of the receiving zones forming part of a horizontal plane.
  • Storage zones 4 are arranged around all or part of the drive means 21, these storage areas 4 being separated by partitions 41, thus making it possible to form different assemblies from fruits and / or vegetables treated by the system. 1.
  • the feed conveyor 3 comprises means for training fruit and / or vegetables, for example a conveyor belt, for conveying the fruits and / or vegetables to a feed portion 31 of the feed conveyor 3 adapted to pour fruits and / or vegetables into the main conveyor 2.
  • the feed portion 31 is a free end of the feed conveyor 3. It can also be a portion comprising spill means, arranged on a supply conveyor 3 forming a loop.
  • the feeding conveyor 3 is advantageously configured so as to also perform a function of alignment of the fruits and / or vegetables, in order to have a single fruit or vegetable forehead when they reach the feeding portion 31.
  • the conveyor of feed 3 may thus comprise two treadmills arranged so as to form a V, or else comprise a plurality of rolling elements having a recessed central section, so as to center the fruits or vegetables and thus align them.
  • the feed conveyor 3 is arranged to be offset laterally with respect to the linear section of the main conveyor 2, substantially adjacent to this linear section.
  • This specific configuration makes it possible not to superpose the feed conveyor 3 and the main conveyor 2, so that the feed conveyor 3 does not prevent the flow of fruit and / or vegetables over the entire closed loop defined by the main conveyor 2.
  • This configuration is thus particularly advantageous in that it makes it possible to avoid having to trigger an emergency stop of the system 1 in the event that a fruit and / or vegetable has not been properly evacuated from the receiving zone 22 in which it turns out that.
  • the supply conveyor 3 is typically configured so that its feed portion 31 is substantially linear, and is disposed substantially parallel to the linear section of the main conveyor 2.
  • substantially parallel it is meant that a gap is possible due to positioning tolerances.
  • the feed portion 31 may be configured to form an angle ⁇ with the linear section of the main conveyor 2, this angle ⁇ being, for example, less than or equal to 45 °, or even less than or equal to 30 °, or even more precisely less than or equal to 15 °.
  • Feed conveyor 3 as shown includes a discharge section 32 at its feed portion 31, so that fruits and / or vegetables reaching this spill section 32 are dumped into the receiving areas 22 of the main conveyor 2 , thus forming a lateral feed of the main conveyor 2.
  • This optional spill section 32 makes it possible to soften the discharge of fruits and / or vegetables into the receiving zones 22.
  • the discharge section 32 is advantageously made so as to be slightly raised relative to the receiving zones 22, so as to minimize the impact of the fall of fruits and / or vegetables in the receiving zones 22.
  • the pouring section 32 may for example be an inclined section as shown in FIGS. Figures 1 to 3 or be a treadmill, inclined or not, positioned to direct the fruits and / or vegetables flowing on the feed conveyor 3 to the main conveyor 2.
  • the supply conveyor 3 comprises two treadmills mounted side by side
  • that of these treadmill which is adjacent to the main conveyor 2 is typically substantially shorter than the other conveyor belt, this difference in length thus allowing the positioning of an inclined section as shown on the Figures 1 to 3 , or a treadmill with a distinct orientation.
  • the main conveyor 2 is advantageously configured in such a way that its driving direction is such that the displacement of the receiving zones 22 in the linear section of the main conveyor 2 and the displacement of the fruits and / or vegetables on the feed conveyor 3 are in the same direction.
  • the positioning of the supply conveyor which is adjacent and offset laterally with respect to the linear section of the main conveyor 2, and of the direction of movement and defined the main conveyor 2 the movement of fruits and / or vegetables when they are discharged into the receiving zones 22 of the main conveyor 2 is substantially in the extension of their movement on the feed conveyor 3, which avoids a degradation of fruits and / or vegetables during their discharge from the feed conveyor 3 to the main conveyor 2.
  • the main conveyor 2 comprises a set of sensors 23 comprising one or more sensors, adapted to weigh the elements contained in each of the receiving zones 22, in this case fruits and / or vegetables. These sensors 23 thus perform both a function of detecting the presence of an element in the receiving zones 22, and of weighing these elements.
  • the sensors 23 carry out a weighing of the fruits and / or vegetables contained in the receiving zones 22 by measuring the deflection caused by the fruits and / or vegetables on the support of the receiving zone 22 concerned.
  • the sensors 23 may also comprise additional measurement and detection means, in particular optical sensors performing a diameter measurement, a color detection or an apparent fault detection. Such additional means coupled to a weighing element allow more precise identification of the fruits and / or vegetables contained in the receiving zones.
  • the sensors 23 are advantageously configured so as to weigh the fruits and / or vegetables contained in the receiving zones 22 on a linear section of the main conveyor 2, which allows a more precise measurement than in a non-linear section because the fruit is more stable and not subjected to centrifugal force in a linear section.
  • a weighing sensor is positioned in the linear section of the main conveyor 2, and weighs the receiving zones 22 as they pass through said linear section.
  • Several weighing sensors can be used to make measurements more reliable.
  • a measurement error may for example be detected in the case where the weight is less than a lower threshold value, or greater than an upper threshold value, such threshold values that can for example be entered into the computer 5 by a user.
  • the main conveyor 2 comprises tilting means 24 receiving zones 22, adapted for, during the application of a command by the computer 5, selectively switch the receiving zones 22 so that their content flows into a storage area 4 chosen.
  • the tilting means may comprise an actuator, for example a magnetic actuator, arranged facing each of the storage areas 4.
  • the receiving zones 22 of the main conveyor 2 thus pass successively at the level of the different tilting means 24, which are controlled by the computer 5 so that the content of the receiving zones 2 is discharged into the appropriate storage area.
  • the main conveyor may comprise a plurality of tilting means 24 which thus equip each of the receiving zones, and can actuate them individually, thus making it possible to carry out a spill at any point.
  • the computer 5 is configured to drive the feed conveyor 3 so that, in the case where a fruit or vegetable performs a complete turn of the closed mouth of the main conveyor 2 and thus passes to the level of the 3 feeding conveyor discharge zone already being loaded with a fruit or a vegetable, the feed conveyor 3 does not pour an additional fruit or vegetable into a receiving zone 22 already filled.
  • the supply conveyor 3 can thus be stopped temporarily, for example for a period determined by the computer 5, and then automatically resume operation by application of a command by the computer 5, or under the action of an operator.
  • the sensors 23 may comprise one or more optical sensors arranged at the outlet of the last storage area 4, thus realizing a function of detecting fruits and / or vegetables contained in the receiving areas 22 in order to avoid dumping a fruit or vegetable into an already occupied reception area, as previously described.
  • the computer 5 may for example be configured so as to perform a calibration, that is to say a sorting of fruits and / or vegetables by weight, or to achieve batches of a given weight.
  • the operating mode can for example be selected by the user using the computer 5.
  • the computer 5 controls the tilting means 24 of the main conveyor 2 so as to discharge the fruits and / or vegetables contained in the receiving zones 22 in different storage areas 4 according to the weight of the fruits and / or
  • the different storage areas 4 can thus each be intended to receive fruits and / or vegetables of a given size.
  • a user For the production of batches, a user defines a setpoint and enters it as input data for the computer 5.
  • the computer 5 controls the tilting means 24 of the main conveyor 2 so as to discharge the fruits and / or vegetables contained in the receiving zones 22 in different storage areas 4, so that the total mass of the fruits and / or vegetables thus dumped in a given storage area 4 is substantially equal to said set value.
  • substantially equal means that a margin of error is acceptable, typically of the order of 1 to 5% of the set value.
  • the set point and the margin can typically be entered by the user into the computer 5.
  • the computer 5 may for example proceed by not spilling fruit and / or vegetables in the storage areas 4 that once an entire batch has been formed.
  • the computer 5 identifies a set of fruits and / or vegetables in receiving zones 22 of the main conveyor whose total weight is substantially equal to the set value.
  • the computer 5 then applies an instruction to the tilting means 24 of the receiving zones 22 thus identified so that their contents are discharged into the same storage area 4.
  • This method makes it possible to ensure that all the batches formed correspond to the set value defined.
  • This method also allows not to cause a rejection of fruits and / or vegetables not suitable for the realization of a lot in their first round of the main conveyor 2; the fruits and / or vegetables can thus be maintained in the receiving zones 22 until they are suitable for the formation of a batch. It is well understood that this method of procedure may lead to certain fruits and / or vegetables performing a full revolution or more of the main conveyor 2, which the configuration of the supply conveyor 3 with respect to the main conveyor 2 allows, such fruits that can be used for subsequent batch formation.
  • the computer 5 can proceed by performing a progressive and simultaneous filling of several storage areas 4, for example up to a threshold value corresponding for example to a percentage of the set value, and then defines sublots among the fruits and / or vegetables present in the receiving zones 22 in order to complete the different storage areas 4 so that the total weight in each storage area 4 satisfies the given set point.
  • the computer 5 will control the main conveyor 2 so as to dump fruit in several storage areas 4 of the system 1 until each of these storage areas reaches for example 80% of a set value defined by the user.
  • the calculator 5 will then calculate for each storage area 4 the weight of missing fruits to satisfy the given setpoint, and select fruits present in the receiving areas 22 to thereby complete the different storage areas.
  • Some fruits may not be suitable to complete the lots; they then perform several laps on the main conveyor 2, which is not a problem for the operation of the system 1.
  • the storage areas 4 may be provided with weighing means adapted to perform a weighing of all the elements arranged in each of the storage areas 4.
  • the batch formation can then be achieved by gradually pouring fruit and / or vegetables in a storage area 4 until a threshold weight is reached, from which this storage area 4 is no longer supplied with fruit and / or vegetables until it has been emptied.
  • the storage areas 4 advantageously comprise sensors making it possible to detect the presence or absence of products in a given storage area, so that the computer 5 determines the storage areas 4 that can or can not receive fruits and / or vegetables.
  • the configuration of the supply conveyor 3 with respect to the main conveyor 2 allowing fruits and / or vegetables to perform one or more turns on the main conveyor also makes it possible to avoid an emergency stop of the system in the case where the storage areas 4 are not emptied sufficiently quickly by operators. For example, in the case where there is no free storage area 4 to receive a formed batch, the fruits and / or vegetables can then perform one or more turns on the main conveyor 2 to allow an operator to free storage areas 4.
  • the proposed system 1 thus makes it possible to sort fruits and / or vegetables, in particular for carrying out calibration operations or for batch formation, while eliminating recurrent causes of emergency stoppage on such systems. .
  • the proposed system also makes it possible to form batches with increased accuracy compared to existing systems.
  • the system 1 makes it possible to recycle the fruits and / or vegetables by preserving them on the main conveyor 2, avoiding in particular a systematic evacuation of the fruits and / or vegetables remaining before they have carried out a complete revolution of the main conveyor 2, and thus limiting the operations to be performed by the operators.

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  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
  • Branching, Merging, And Special Transfer Between Conveyors (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Digitales System (1) für das Sortieren von Obst und/oder Gemüse, umfassend:
    - eine Hauptfördereinrichtung (2), die eine Vielzahl von Aufnahmebereichen (22) umfasst, welche dazu ausgelegt sind, Obst und/oder Gemüse zu befördern, wobei die Aufnahmebereiche (22) an Antriebsmitteln (21), die einen einen linearen Abschnitt definierenden geschlossenen Kreis bilden, angebracht sind,
    - eine Fördereinrichtung zum Zuführen (3) von Obst und/oder Gemüse, die dazu ausgelegt ist, der Hauptfördereinrichtung (2) Obst und/oder Gemüse zuzuführen, wobei die Zuführfördereinrichtung (3) einen Zuführabschnitt (31) umfasst, der dazu ausgelegt ist, Obst und/oder Gemüse in den linearen Abschnitt der Hauptfördereinrichtung (2) abzuleiten,
    - einen Rechner (5), der dazu ausgelegt ist, das System (1) zu steuern, und einen oder mehrere Sensoren (23), die dazu ausgelegt sind, das Gewicht des Obstes oder Gemüses, das gegebenenfalls in jedem Aufnahmebereich (22) enthalten ist, zu messen,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zuführabschnitt (31) derart angeordnet ist, dass er gegenüber dem linearen Abschnitt seitlich versetzt ist, und derart angeordnet ist, dass er zu dem linearen Abschnitt benachbart ist, und ausgebildet ist, damit das Obst und/oder Gemüse seitlich in die Aufnahmebereiche (22) abgeleitet wird, so dass die Zuführfördereinrichtung (3) den kontinuierlichen Umlauf von Obst und/oder Gemüse über den gesamten geschlossenen Kreis der Hauptfördereinrichtung (2) ermöglicht.
  2. System (1) nach Anspruch 1, bei dem der Zuführabschnitt (31) linear ist und derart angeordnet ist, dass er zu dem linearen Abschnitt der Hauptfördereinrichtung (2) im Wesentlichen parallel ist.
  3. System (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, bei dem die Hauptfördereinrichtung (2) und die Zuführfördereinrichtung (3) so ausgelegt sind, dass die Beförderung des Obstes und/oder Gemüses in dem linearen Abschnitt der Hauptfördereinrichtung (2) und die Bewegung des Obstes und/oder Gemüses in dem Zuführabschnitt (31) in einer gleichen Bewegungsrichtung erfolgen.
  4. System (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, bei dem die Hauptfördereinrichtung (2) einen oder mehrere Sensoren (23) umfasst, die dazu ausgelegt sind, die Anwesenheit von Obst oder Gemüse in einem jeden der Aufnahmebereiche (22) zu erfassen, wobei der Rechner (5) ferner dazu ausgelegt ist, die Zuführfördereinrichtung (3) so zu steuern, dass sie kein Obst und/oder Gemüse in einen Aufnahmebereich (22) ableitet, der bereits ein Obst oder ein Gemüse enthält.
  5. System (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, bei dem der durch die Hauptfördereinrichtung (2) definierte geschlossene Kreis zwei lineare Abschnitte, die durch gekrümmte Abschnitte untereinander verbunden sind, umfasst.
  6. System (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, das ferner Mittel zum Kippen (24) der Aufnahmebereiche (22) umfasst, um deren Inhalt selektiv in Lagerbereiche (4), welche um die Hauptfördereinrichtung (2) herum angeordnet sind, abzuleiten.
  7. System (1) nach Anspruch 6, bei dem der Rechner (5) dazu ausgelegt ist, in Abhängigkeit von einem Steuerwert und von den durch den oder die Sensor(en) (23) gelieferten Gewichtswerte den Inhalt von Aufnahmebereichen selektiv in einen Lagerbereich (4) abzuleiten, so dass das Gesamtgewicht des abgeleiteten Obstes und/oder Gemüses im Wesentlichen gleich dem Steuerwert ist.
  8. System (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, bei dem der Zuführabschnitt (31) der Zuführfördereinrichtung (3) einen Ableitungsabschnitt (32) umfasst, welcher dazu ausgelegt ist, das Ableiten von Obst und/oder Gemüse von der Zuführfördereinrichtung (3) zu den Aufnahmebereichen (22) hin zu führen.
  9. System (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, bei dem die Zuführfördereinrichtung (3) zwei Förderbänder umfasst, die derart angeordnet sind, dass sie einen V-förmigen Querschnitt aufweisen und somit eine Funktion zum Ausrichten des Obstes und/oder Gemüses übernehmen.
  10. System (1) nach Anspruch 9, bei dem dasjenige der beiden Förderbänder, das zu der Hauptfördereinrichtung benachbart ist, eine geringere Länge als das andere Förderband aufweist, wobei dieser Längenunterschied den Ableitungsabschnitt definiert und eine Aufnahme ausbildet, in der ein Führungselement positioniert ist.
  11. System (1) nach Anspruch 10, bei dem das Führungselement ein geneigter Abschnitt oder ein Förderband ist, das dazu ausgelegt ist, das Ableiten von Obst und/oder Gemüse von der Zuführfördereinrichtung (3) zu den Aufnahmebereichen (22) hin zu führen.
  12. System (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, bei dem der durch die Hauptfördereinrichtung (2) definierte geschlossene Kreis eine in einer horizontalen Ebene liegende Bahn der Aufnahmebereiche (22) definiert.
EP14197985.6A 2013-12-16 2014-12-15 Verbessertes Sortiersystem für Obst und/oder Gemüse Active EP2886213B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1362651A FR3014710B1 (fr) 2013-12-16 2013-12-16 Systeme de tri ameliore pour fruits et/ou legumes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2886213A1 EP2886213A1 (de) 2015-06-24
EP2886213B1 true EP2886213B1 (de) 2017-08-02

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FR (1) FR3014710B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL2015008B1 (nl) 2015-06-22 2017-01-24 De Greef's Wagen- Carrosserie-En Machb B V Sorteersysteem voor het sorteren van producten en werkwijze daarvoor.
ITUB20161024A1 (it) * 2016-02-24 2017-08-24 Unitec Spa Impianto di trattamento di prodotti ortofrutticoli, del tipo di mirtilli e simili
IT201700090345A1 (it) * 2017-08-04 2019-02-04 Fabrizio Oderda Impianto di selezione per il confezionamento di prodotti, in particolare di tipo ortofrutticolo.
CN109513626B (zh) * 2018-10-17 2020-12-01 朱华珍 一种全自动产品质量分类设备

Family Cites Families (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5086909A (en) * 1988-09-23 1992-02-11 Powell Machinery, Inc. Gentle handling of fruit during weight sizing and other operations
DE60305437D1 (de) * 2003-04-18 2006-06-29 M M O S P A Sa Gerät zur optischen Überprüfung der Qualität der Aussenoberfläche von gewölbt geformtem Obst und Gemüse verschiedenster Form und Grösse
FR2893518B1 (fr) * 2005-11-24 2012-12-07 Jean Fachaux Dispositif de tri de fruits
FR2986724B1 (fr) * 2012-02-15 2014-03-28 Calibrex Dispositif de tri de produits, notamment de fruits ou de legumes

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FR3014710B1 (fr) 2016-01-01
EP2886213A1 (de) 2015-06-24
FR3014710A1 (fr) 2015-06-19

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